Mandaisme

Mandaisme atau Mandaeanisme ( ) adalah sebuah agama gnostik dengan kosmologi dualistik yang kuat. Para pengikutnya, Mandanean (orang Manda), memuliakan Adam, Habil, Seth, Enos, Nuh, Sem, Aram, dan khususnya Yohanes Pembaptis. Mandaean (orang Manda) adalah suku Semit dan pemakai dialek Aram Timur yang dikenal sebagai bahasa Mandaik. Nama 'Mandaean' dikatakan berasal dari kata Aram manda yang artinya "pengetahuan", seperti halnya kata gnosis dalam bahasa Yunani.The Light and the Dark: Dualism in ancient Iran, India, and China Petrus Franciscus Maria Fontaine – 1990 "Although it shows Jewish and Christian influences, Mandaeism was hostile to Judaism and Christianity. Mandaeans spoke an East-Aramaic language in which 'manda' means 'knowledge'; this already is sufficient proof of the connection of Mandaeism with the Gnosis... Di Timur Tengah, selain di luar komunitas mereka, Mandaean lebih dikenal sebagai  (tunggal: ) atau Sabian. Istilah  berasal dari akar Aram yang berkaitan dengan pembaptisan, neo-Mandaik disebut . Dalam Islam, "Sabian" ( ) disebut beberapa kali dalam al-Qur'an sebagai Ahli Kitab, bersama dengan Yahudi dan Nasrani. Terkadang, Mandaean disebut "Umat Kristen dari Santo Yohanes".

 Referensi 

 Daftar pustaka 

 Buckley, Jorunn Jacobsen. 2002. The Mandaeans: Ancient Texts and Modern People. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
 Buckley. J.J. "Mandaeans" in Encyclopædia Iranica
 Drower, Ethel Stefana. 2002. The Mandaeans of Iraq and Iran: Their Cults, Customs, Magic Legends, and Folklore (reprint). Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press.
 Lupieri, Edmondo. (Charles Hindley, trans.) 2002. The Mandaeans: The Last Gnostics. Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company.
 "A Brief Note on the Mandaeans: Their History, Religion and Mythology," Mandaean Society in America.
 Newmarker, Chris, Associated Press article, "Faith under fire: Iraq war threatens extinction for ancient religious group" (headline in The Advocate of Stamford, Connecticut, page A12, 10 February 2007)
 Petermann, J. Heinrich. 2007 The Great Treasure of the Mandaeans (reprint of Thesaurus s. Liber Magni). Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press.
 Segelberg, Eric, 1958, Maşbūtā. Studies in the Ritual of the Mandæan Baptism. Uppsala
 Segelberg, Eric, 1970, "The Ordination of the Mandæan tarmida and its Relation to Jewish and Early Christian Ordination Rites," in Studia patristica 10.
 Eric Segelberg, Trāşa d-Tāga d-Śiślām Rabba. Studies in the rite called the Coronation of Śiślām Rabba. i: Zur Sprache und Literatur der Mandäer (Studia Mandaica 1.) Berlin & New York 1976.
 Segelberg, Eric, 1977, "Zidqa Brika and the Mandæan Problem. In Proceedings of the International Colloquium on Gnosticism. Ed. Geo Widengren and David Hellholm. Stockholm.
 Segelberg, Eric, 1978, "The pihta and mambuha Prayers. To the Question of the Liturgical Development amnong the Mandæans" in Gnosis. Festschrift für Hans Jonas. Göttingen.
 Segelberg, Eric, 1990, "Mandæan – Jewish – Christian. How does the Mandæan tradition relate to Jewish and Christian tradition? in: Segelberg, Gnostica Madaica Liturgica. (Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. Historia Religionum 11.) Uppsala 1990.
 Yamauchi, Edwin. 2004. Gnostic Ethics and Mandaean Origins (reprint). Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press.

 Pranala luar 

 Mandaean Association Union – The Mandaean Association Union is an international federation which strives for unification of Mandaeans around the globe. Information in English and Arabic.
 BBC: Iraq chaos threatens ancient faith
 BBC: Mandaeans – a threatened religion 
 Shahāb Mirzā'i, Ablution of Mandaeans (Ghosl-e Sābe'in – غسل صابئين), in Persian, Jadid Online, 18 December 2008
 Audio slideshow (showing Iranian Mandaeans performing ablution on the banks of the Karun river in Ahvaz): (4 min 25 sec)

 Naskah Mandaean 

 Mandaean scriptures: Qolastā and Haran Gawaitha texts and fragments (note that the book titled Ginza Rba is not the Ginza Rba but is instead Qolastā, "The Canonical Prayerbook of the Mandaeans" as translated by E.S Drower).
 Gnostic John the Baptizer: Selections from the Mandæan John-Book: This is the complete 1924 edition of G.R.S. Mead's classic study of the Mandæan John-Book, containing excerpts from the scripture itself (in The Gnosis Archive collection – www.gnosis.org).
 The Ginza Rba (1925 German translation by Mark Lidzbarski) at the Internet Archive
 The John-Book (Draša D-Iahia) – complete text in Mandaic and German translation (1905) by Mark Lidzbarski at the Internet Archive
 Mandaic liturgies – Mandaic text (in Hebrew transliteration) and German translation (1925) by Mark Lidzbarski at the Internet Archive

 Buku tentang Mandaeisme yang tersedia secara daring 
 Fragments of a Faith Forgotten by G. R. S. Mead a complete version (with old and new errors), contains information on Mani, Manichaeism, Elkasaites, Nasoraeans, Sabians and other "gnostic" groups. Published in 1901.
 Extracts from E. S. Drower, Mandaeans of Iraq and Iran, Leiden, 1962
 The Mandaeans of Iraq and Iran by Lady Drower, 1937 – the entire book