Benjamin Constant

Henri-Benjamin Constant de Rebecque (; ), atau Benjamin Constant, adalah aktivis politik Swiss-Perancis sekaligus penulis di bidang politik dan agama. Ia menulis novel psikologis-biografi berjudul Adolphe. Ia merupakan sosok liberal yang lantangCraiutu, A. (2012) A Virtue for Courageous Minds: Moderation in French Political Thought, 1748–1830, pp. 199,  202–03 pada awal abad ke-19. Tulisan-tulisannya memengaruhi gerakan Liberal Trienio di Spanyol, Revolusi Liberal 1820 di Portugal, Perang Kemerdekaan Yunani, Pemberontakan November di Polandia, Revolusi Belgia, dan liberalisme di Brasil dan Meksiko.

 Latar belakang 
Henri-Benjamin Constant lahir di Lausanne dari keluarga Constant de Rebecque. Pada tahun 1787, ia kembali ke benua Eropa, dengan melakukan perjalanan menggunakan kuda melalui Skotlandia dan Inggris. Di Paris, di rumah Jean-Baptiste-Antoine Suard ia berkenalan dengan Isabelle de Charrière, seorang wanita Belanda berusia 46 tahun, yang kemudian membantu menerbitkan Pengakuan Rousseau.

 Karya 
 De la Force du Gouvernement actuel et De la Necessite de s'y rallier (1796)
 Des reactions politiques (1797)
 Des effets de la terreur (1797)
 Fragments d'un ouvrage abandonné sur la possibilité d'une constitution républicaine dans un grand pays (1803–1810)
 Principes de Politique Applicables a Tous les Gouvernements (1806–1810)
 Cécile (1811, 1st publ. 1951)
 De l'esprit de conquête et d'usurpation dans leurs rapports avec la civilisation actuelle (1815) (kritik terhadap Napoleon Bonaparte)
 Adolphe (novel)
 De la religion considérée dans sa source, ses formes et son développement (5 volume, 1824–1831; tentang agama kuno)

 Lihat pula 
 Daftar teoriwan liberal

 Referensi 

 Bacaan lanjutan 
 Gauchet, Marcel. "Constant," in A Critical Dictionary of the French Revolution, ed. François Furet and Mona Ozouf (1989), p. 924.
 Rosenblatt, H. "Why Constant? A Critical Overview of the Constant Revival", Cambridge Journals (2004)
 Furet, F. (1981). "La Révolution sans la Terreur? Le débat des historiens du XIXe siècle", in Le Débat pp. 13, 41.
 Vincent, K. Steven. 'Benjamin Constant, the French Revolution, and the Origins of French Romantic Liberalism', in French Historical Studies; 23:4 (2000 Fall), pp. 607–37 in Project MUSE
 Wood, Dennis. Benjamin Constant: A Biography (1993).

 A. Pitt, 'The Religion of the Moderns: Freedom and Authenticity in Constant's De la Religion', in History of Political Thought; xxi, 1 (2000), 67–87.
 "Principles of Politics Applicable to all Representative Governments", Constant: Political Writings (Cambridge Texts in the History of Political Thought) – Biancamaria Fontana (Trans & Ed.) Cambridge, 1988.
 Mauro Barberis, Benjamin Constant. Rivoluzione, costituzione, progresso (1988. Il Mulino, Bologna)
 Paul Bastid, Benjamin Constant et sa doctrine, I–II (1966. Colin, Paris)
 Catrine Carpenter, 'Benjamin Constant's religious politics', in History of European Ideas; 35,4 (2009), 503–09.
 Pierre Deguise, Benjamin Constant méconnu. Le livre De la religion, avec des documents inédits (1966. Droz, Genève)
 Stefano De Luca, Il pensiero politico di Benjamin Constant (1993. Laterza, Roma-Bari)
 Béatrice Fink (dir.), Benjamin Constant : philosophe, historien, romancier et homme d'État (actes du colloque de l'université du Maryland, octobre 1989), Lausanne, Institut Benjamin Constant ; Paris, J. Touzot, 1991, 186 p.
 Biancamaria Fontana, Benjamin Constant and the Post-Revolutionary Mind (1991. Yale U.P., New Haven – London)
 Luca Fezzi, Il rimpianto di Roma. 'Res publica', libertà 'neoromane' e Benjamin Constant, agli inizi del terzo millennio (2012, Firenze, Le Monnier)
 Gauchet, Marcel. "Constant," in A Critical Dictionary of the French Revolution, ed. François Furet and Mona Ozouf (1989), 924
 Henri Guillemin, Benjamin Constant, muscadin, Paris, Gallimard, 1958
 Kurt Kloocke, Benjamin Constant. Une biographie intellectuelle (1984. Droz, Genève)
 Giovanni Paoletti, Benjamin Constant et les Anciens. Politique, réligion, histoire (2006. Champion, Paris)
 Helena Rosenblatt, 'Eclipses and Revivals: Constant's Reception in France and America (1830–2007)', in The Cambridge Companion to Constant, ed. H. Rosenblatt (2009. University Press, Cambridge), pp. 351–77.
 Gustave Rudler, La jeunesse de Benjamin Constant, 1767–1794. Le disciple du XVIIIe siècle. Utilitarisme et pessimisme. Madame de Charrière. Paris, A. Colin, 1909. 542 p.
 Tzvetan Todorov, Benjamin Constant: la passion democratique (1997. Hachette, Paris)
 Vincent, K. Steven, "Benjamin Constant and the Birth of French Liberalism" (2011).

 Dennis Wood, Benjamin Constant: A Biography (1993).
 David Cecil, 'Adolphe', in David Cecil, Poets And Story-Tellers A Book of Critical Essays (1949), pp. 139–52


 Pranala luar 





 Institut Benjamin Constant homepage
 Rebecq liberal
 Intellectual portrait of B. C. by Emile Faguet (in French)
 The Liberty of the Ancients Compared with that of the Moderns (1816)
 Principles of Politics Applicable to All Governments
  Lecture on ancient and modern liberty contains a readable version for contemporary students


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