Avro Lancaster

Avro Lancaster adalah sebuah pesawat pembom berat bermesin empat yang diproduksi oleh Avro Manufactory di Inggris. Pesawat ini awalnya bermesin dua, tetapi karena jarak yang nantinya ditempuh jauh, maka dibuat bermesin empat agar pesawat tetap terbang maksimal tanpa gangguan.

Avro sempat membuat Jerman ketar-ketir, apalagi setelah Tragedi Dresden, dimana para medis dan orang tak berdosa (pengungsi) dijatuhi bom oleh Avro ini. Pada jam 10.15 malam sebanyak 800 pesawat bomber dan pesawat-pesawat tempur pengawal Inggris memenuhi langit Dresden dan menumpahkan berton-ton bom penghancur. Namun, itu semua masih belum berakhir karena tiga serangan lanjutan telah direncanakan tentara sekutu: 15 Februari, 3 Maret, dan 17 April 1945 dengan total pesawat pengebom mencapai 1.172 unit. Korban tewas diperkirakan mencapai 400.000 jiwa, atau bahkan lebih. Dan karena Jerman tidak memiliki cukup orang untuk melakukan evakuasi, mayat-mayat hanya disemprot dengan disinfektan atau api kemudian dikubur bersama reruntuhan bangunan.

Avro semakin membuat namanya gemilang, prestasi yang dibuat cukup menggetarkan Jerman saat itu, karena Avro jugalah yang menenggelamkan saudari dari , 

Dengan kecepatan 282 km/jam mampu menempuh jarak 4,073 km dan dipersenjatai:
 4 senjata senapan mesin kaliber 7,62 mm di depan
 4 senjata senapan mesin yang sama di kokpit belakang
 Bom seberat 6.400 kg dan Grand Slam seberat 10.000 kg

 Referensi 

 Catatan 

 Kutipan 

 Daftar pustaka 

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 Lyzun, Jim. "From Warhorse to Workhorse: Lancaster Mk.10 Variants in Canada". Air Enthusiast, No. 86, March/April 2000, pp. 16–26. .
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 Mackay, R.S.G. Lancaster in action. Carrollton, Texas: Squadron/Signal Publications Inc., 1982. .
 Mantelli, Brown, Kittel, Graf. "Avro Lancaster – Handley Page Halifax – Short S.29 Stirling." Edizioni R.E.I., 2017. .
 Mason, Francis K. The British Bomber since 1914. London: Putnam, 1994. .
 Mason, Tim. The Secret Years: Flight Testing at Boscombe Down 1939–1945. Manchester, UK: Hikoki, 1998. .
 McKinstry, Leo. Lancaster: the Second World War's Greatest Bomber. London: John Murray, 2009. .
 Moyes, Philip J.R. Avro Lancaster I & II. Kidlington, Oxford, UK: Vintage Aviation Publications Ltd., 1979. .
 Moyes, Philip J.R. The Handley Page Halifax B.III, VI, VII. Leatherhead, Surrey, UK: Profile Publications, 1966.
 Neillands, Robin. "The Conquest of the Reich: D-Day to VE Day—A Soldiers' History". New York: NYU Press, 1995. .
 Norris, Geoffrey. The Short Stirling, Aircraft in Profile Number 142. Windsor, Berkshire, UK: Profile Publications Ltd., 1966.
 Page, Bette. Mynarski's Lanc: The Story of Two Famous Canadian Lancaster Bombers KB726 & FM213. Erin, Ontario, Canada: Boston Mills Press, 1989. .
 Richards, Denis. The Hardest Victory: RAF Bomber Command in the Second World War. London: Coronet, 1995. .
 Robertson, Bruce. Lancaster: The Story of a Famous Bomber. Watford, Hertfordshire, UK: Argus Books Ltd., Fifth impression 1977, First impression 1964. .
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 Tarring, Trevor and Mark Joseland. Archie Frazer-Nash ... Engineer. London: The Frazer Nash Archives, 2011. .
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 Bacaan lanjutan 


 Pranala luar 

 The Lancaster Archive
 Surviving Birmingham and Manchester made Avro Lancasters 
 The Lancaster's electronic equipment
 Avro 683 Lancaster
 "The Avro Lancaster" a 1942 Flight article
 Virtual tour of "Just Jane" at Lincolnshire Aviation Heritage Centre



Kategori:Pesawat terbang sayap tengah