Organ pipa

Organ pipa atau orgel pipa adalah sebuah alat musik yang menghasilkan suara dengan menekan udara (disebut angin) melalui pipa organ yang dipilih melalui sebuah papan tuts.

Asal muasal orgel pipa bermula dari orgel air di Yunani Kuno, pada abad ke-3 SM,Randel "Organ", 583. di mana pasokan angin dibuat dengan tekanan udara.

 Organ pipa di Indonesia 
GambarTempatLokasiPembuatTahun dibangunSpesifikasiStatusKeterangan200px|borderGPIB ImmanuelJakartaJonathan Bätz & Comp, Utrecht1841Berfungsi200px|borderGPIB SionJakartaE. F. Rijkmans1860Berfungsi200px|borderGPIB PaulusJakartaPT Prajawidya Instrumentalia1977BerfungsiOrgan pipa ke-3GPIB BethelBandung, Jawa BaratWilhelm Sauer, Jerman1930-40?Berfungsi200px|borderGereja Katedral Santa Perawan Maria Diangkat ke SurgaJakartaGeorge Verschueren1988BerfungsiOrgan pipa di lantai utama200px|borderGereja Katolik Santa Perawan Maria Ratu, Paroki Blok QJakartaBenedictus Martono Hidajat2007BerfungsiGKI Taman CibunutBandung, Jawa BaratB. Pels en Zoon, Alkmaar, Belanda1950BerfungsiDipasang di GKI Taman Cibunut tahun 1951200px|borderGKI KarangsaruSemarang, Jawa TengahBenedictus Martono Hidajat2025BerfungsiGereja Santo Yusuf (Gedangan)Semarang, Jawa TengahWalcker & Cie, Jerman1903Berfungsi200px|borderGereja Katedral Santo PetrusBandung, Jawa BaratBekker Lebebre, Batavia (Jakarta)1925Berfungsi200px|borderGPIB Immanuel (Gereja Bleduk)Semarang, Jawa TengahP. Furtwangler & Hammer, Honnover1921BerfungsiRusak, hanya tertinggal bagian fasad200px|borderAula Simfonia JakartaJakartaCasavant Frères Ltée19613 manual, 57 ranks dan 3,217 pipaBerfungsiOrgan pipa terbesar di Asia Tenggara. Sebelumnya berada di First Church of Christ, Scientist, Lakewood (Cleveland), Ohio, Ameria Serikat200px|borderGereja Santo Robertus Bellarminus, CililitanCililitan, Jakarta2004BerfungsiTerbuat dari bambuGereja Anglikan Semua Orang Kudus (All Saints Anglican Church)JakartaGPIB ZebaothBogor, Jawa BaratNieuwe Protestantse KerkBuitenzorg (Bogor), Jawa BaratGKI PurworejoPurworejo, Jawa TengahBenedictus Martono Hidajat1999BerfungsiGKJ KenalanMagelang, Jawa TengahBenedictus Martono HidajatBerfungsiSeminari Tinggi Anging MammiriYogyakartaBenedictus Martono Hidajat1999BerfungsiYayasan Musik GerejaJakartaBerfungsiTerbuat dari bambuGereja Besar (Grote Kerk)Ambon, Maluku1826HancurHancur akibat gempa bumi pada tahun 1898Ambon, Maluku1903?Tercatat dalam buku Uit Onze Koloniën: Uitvoerig Reisverhaal terbit tahun 1903. Disebutkan disebuah gereja di Ambon memiliki organ yang baru GBKP SimomoLau Simomo, Sumatra UtaraTidak berfungsi?Organ berukuran kecil di belakang mimbarKapel Seminari St. Fransiskus Xaverius KakaskasenTomohon, Sulawesi UtaraTidak berfungsiOrgan pipa berukuran kecil di samping altar dalam kondisi utuhGMIM Sentrum (Oude Kerk)Manado, Sulawesi UtaraHilang/hancurKeberadaan Organ Pipa tercatat dalam 'Kitab perajaan pendirian Geredja Protestant Minahasa.' Kemungkinan hancur ketika Perang Dunia IIGereja Maumbi (GMIM Imanuel Maumbi?)Maumbi, Sulawesi UtaraHilang/hancurTercatat dalam majalah Tropische Nederland dari kisah seorang bernama VerkuylGMIM Sion Tomohon (de Protestantse Sion kerk te Tomohon)Tomohon, Sulawesi UtaraHilang/hancurTercatat dalam berbagai surat kabar tentang deklarasi gereja Minahasa. Organ
kemungkinan hilang/hancur pada Perang Dunia IIGMIM Sentrum Tondano (Grote Kerk / Gereja Besar)Tondano, Sulawesi UtaraHilang/hancurOrgan pipa berukuran  besar dan sering mengadakan konser. Organ kemungkinan hilang/hancur pada Perang Dunia IIGMIM Sentrum KakasKakas, Sulawesi UataraHilang/hancurKemungkinan hilang/hancur pada Perang Dunia II. Organ Pipa terbesar di Hindia BelandaGereja Katolik Hati Kudus YesusTomohon, Sulawesi UtaraHilang/hancurHancur karena gempa bumi tahun 1932, dibagun kembali dan hilang pada masa perang (?) 

 Catatan 

 Referensi 

 Ahrens, Christian (2006). In Bush, Douglas & Kassel, Richard (Eds.), The Organ: an Encyclopedia, pp. 399–499. New York: Routledge. 
 Audsley, G.A. Art of Organ-Building New York: Dover Publications. :
 Bicknell, Stephen (1999). "Organ building today". In Thistlethwaite, Nicholas & Webber, Geoffrey (Eds.), The Cambridge Companion to the Organ, pp. 82–92. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 
 Bicknell, Stephen (1999). "Organ construction". In Thistlethwaite, Nicholas & Webber, Geoffrey (Eds.), The Cambridge Companion to the Organ, pp. 18–30. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 
 Bicknell, Stephen (1999). "The organ case". In Thistlethwaite, Nicholas & Webber, Geoffrey (Eds.), The Cambridge Companion to the Organ, pp. 55–81. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 
 Cox, Geoffrey (1999). "English organ music to c1700". In Thistlethwaite, Nicholas & Webber, Geoffrey (Eds.), The Cambridge Companion to the Organ, pp. 109–203. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 
 Dalton, James (1999). "Iberian organ music before 1700". In Thistlethwaite, Nicholas & Webber, Geoffrey (Eds.), The Cambridge Companion to the Organ, pp. 165–175. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 
 Douglass, Fenner (1995). The Language of the Classical French Organ. New Haven: Yale University Press. 
 Gleason, Harold (1988). Method of Organ Playing (7th ed.). Edited by Catherine Crozier Gleason. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall. 
 Higginbottom, Edward (1999). "The French classical organ school". In Thistlethwaite, Nicholas & Webber, Geoffrey (Eds.), The Cambridge Companion to the Organ, pp. 176–189. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 
 Kassel, Richard (2006). Display pipes. In Bush, Douglas & Kassel, Richard (Eds.), The Organ: an Encyclopedia, pp. 145–146. New York: Routledge. 
 Kassel, Richard (2006). Sound effects. In Bush, Douglas & Kassel, Richard (Eds.), The Organ: an Encyclopedia, pp. 526–527. New York: Routledge. 
 McCrea, Andrew (1999). "British organ music after 1800". In Thistlethwaite, Nicholas & Webber, Geoffrey (Eds.), The Cambridge Companion to the Organ, pp. 279–298. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 
 Randel, Don Michael (Ed.) (1986). The New Harvard Dictionary of Music. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. 
 Sefl, Alfred (2006). Blower. In Bush, Douglas & Kassel, Richard (Eds.), The Organ: an Encyclopedia, pp. 70–71. New York: Routledge. 
 Stembridge, Christopher (1999). Italian organ music to Frescobaldi. In Thistlethwaite, Nicholas & Webber, Geoffrey (Eds.), The Cambridge Companion to the Organ, pp. 148–163. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 
 Sumner, William Leslie (1973). The Organ: Its Evolution, Principles of Construction and Use. London: Macdonald. 
 Thistlethwaite, Nicholas (1999). "Origins and development of the organ". In Thistlethwaite, Nicholas & Webber, Geoffrey (Eds.), The Cambridge Companion to the Organ, pp. 1–17. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 
 Webber, Geoffrey (1999). "The north German organ school". In Thistlethwaite, Nicholas & Webber, Geoffrey (Eds.), The Cambridge Companion to the Organ, pp. 219–235. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 

 Bacaan tambahan 

 Adlung, Jacob (1768). Musica mechanica organoedi. English translation, Q. Faulkner, trans (2011). Lincoln, NE: Zea E-Books.
 Bédos de Celles, Dom François (1768). L'art du facteur d'orgues. Charles Ferguson (Trans.) (1977). The Organ-Builder. Raleigh, NC: Sunbury Press.
 Bush, Douglas and Kassel, Richard (Ed.) (2006). The Organ: An Encyclopedia. New York: Routledge. 
 Klotz, Hans (1969). The Organ Handbook. St. Louis: Concordia. 
 Ochse, Orpha (1975). The History of the Organ in the United States. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
 Praetorius, Michael (1619). De Organographia, Parts III – V with Index (English translation) 
 Soderlund, Sandra (1994). A Guide to the Pipe Organ for Composers and Others. Colfax, North Carolina: Wayne Leupold Editions. No ISBN.
 Sumner, William L. (1973). The Organ: Its evolution, principles of construction and use (4th ed.). London: MacDonald. No ISBN.
 Williams, Peter (1966). The European Organ, 1458–1850. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. 
 Williams, Peter (1980). A New History of the Organ from the Greeks to the Present Day. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. 

 Pranala luar 

 The Pipe Organ, a basic overview of the organ
 The Organ, quarterly UK publication about pipe organs
 ellykooiman.com, pipe organ website with information and detailed photos of various organs

 Flue Pipe Acoustics, a scholarly description of flue pipe physics
 Organ transcriptions and the Late Romantic Period
 Organs and Organists , a repository of information on significant organs and organ builders
 Orgelgalerie , a gallery of over 2000 pipe organ pictures from many different countries
 Encyclopedia of Organ Stops, a comprehensive database of over 2500 stops with descriptions, pictures, and sound clips
 An introductory site to the organ  particularly this Glossary  of Organ Terms

 Basis data 
 International Organ Foundation , an online pipe organ database with specifications of more than 10,000 organs in 95 countries
 Organ Historical Society Pipe Organ Database
 The Top 20 - The World's Largest Pipe Organs 
 National Pipe Organ Register, featuring history and specifications of 28,000 pipe organs in the United Kingdom
 Die Orgelseite, photos and specifications of some of the world's most interesting organs (subscription required for some content)
 Organ Database, stoplists, pictures and information about some 33,500 pipe organs around the world
 The New York City Organ Project  documents organs present and past in the five boroughs of New York City
 Musiconis Database, an online database of medieval musical iconography (featuring images of medieval organs)

 Sumber untuk rekaman video organ pipa 
 "TourBus to the King of Instruments" – video series with Carol Williams (organist) about the large & small, famous & unique pipe organs of the world. American Video & Audio Production Company
 "The Joy of Music" – television series with Diane Bish about large pipe organs in USA and in Europe.