Langit-langit kaca

Langit-langit kaca adalah sebuah kiasan yang dipakai untuk mewakili sebuah pembatas tak terlihat yang menghalangi demografi yang diberikan (biasanya diterapkan kepada minoritas) dari kenaikan pada tingkat tertentu dalam sebuah hierarki.Federal Glass Ceiling Commission. Solid Investments: Making Full Use of the Nation's Human Capital.  Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Labor, November 1995, p. 13-15.

Kiasan tersebut pertama kali dicetuskan oleh kaum feminis dalam rujukan kepada pembatas dalam karier wanita yang berprestasi tinggi.Federal Glass Ceiling Commission. Good for Business: Making Full Use of the Nation's Human Capital.  Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Labor, March 1995. Di Amerika Serikat, konsep tersebut terkadang diperluas untuk merujuk kepada rintangan-rintangan yang menghalangi kemajuan minoritas wanita, serta minoritas pria. Minoritas wanita sering kali menemui banyak kesulitan dalam "menerobos langit-langit kaca" karena mereka berada di persimpangan dari dua kelompok yang dulunya termarginalisasi: wanita dan orang kulit berwarna.“Demarginalising the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Anti-discrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory, and Anti-racist Politics” by Kimberlé Crenshaw in Framing Intersectionality, edited by Helma Lutz et al. (Ashgate, 2011). Outlet-outlet Asia dan Asia Amerika mencanangkan istilah "langit-langit bambu" untuk merujuk kepada rintangan-rintangan yang seluruh Asia Amerika hadapi dalam memajukan karier mereka.

 Referensi 

 Lihat juga 
 Langit-langit kaca patri

 Daftar pustaka 
 Cholensky, Stephanie. "The Gender Pay Gap: NO MORE EXCUSES!." Judgment & Decision Making 10.2 (2015): 15-16. Academic Search Complete. Web. 22 Oct. 2015.





 National Partnership for Women and Families, comp. (April 2016). "America's Women and The Wage Gap" (PDF). Trade, Jobs and Wages. Retrieved 2 May 2016.

 Redwood, Rene A. (October 13, 1995). "Breaking The Glass Ceiling: Good for Business, Good for America". National Council of Jewish Women.

 Snyder, Karrie Ann, and Adam Isaiah Green. "Revisiting The Glass Escalator: The Case Of Gender Segregation In A Female Dominated Occupation." Social Problems 55.2 (2008): 271-299. Academic Search Complete. Web. 22 Oct. 2015.
 Woodhams, Carol, Ben Lupton, and Marc Cowling. "The Presence Of Ethnic Minority And Disabled Men In Feminised Work: Intersectionality, Vertical Segregation And The Glass Escalator." Sex Roles 72.7/8 (2015): 277-293. Academic Search Complete. Web. 22 Oct. 2015.
 Malpas, J., "Donald Davidson", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2012 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), <http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2012/entries/davidson/>. Web 2 May 2016.
 International Labor Rights Forum. (n.d.). Retrieved May 2, 2016, from http://www.laborrights.org/issues/women’s-rights
 Hyun, Jane. Breaking the Bamboo Ceiling: Career Strategies for Asians. New York: HarperBusiness, 2005. Print.
 Wiley, John. The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Gender and Sexuality Studies. Vol. 5. Chicester: John Wiley and Sons, 2012. Print.
 "Top 10 Numbers that Show Why Pay Equity Matters to Asian American Women and Their Families". Retrieved 2016-05-01

 Pranala luar 
 Catalyst research report (1996). Women in Corporate Leadership: Progr (2003).  Women and Men in U.S. Corporate Leadership: Same Workplace, Different Realities? 
 Catalyst. Women and Men in U.S. Corporate Leadership: Same Workplace, Different Realities?  New York, N.Y.: Catalyst, 2004, .
 Catalyst. 2010 Catalyst Census: Financial Post 500 Women Senior Officers and Top Earners. 
 Federal Glass Ceiling Commission. Good for Business: Making Full Use of the Nation's Human Capital.  Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Labor, March 1995.
 Federal Glass Ceiling Commission. Solid Investments: Making Full Use of the Nation's Human Capital.  Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Labor, November 1995.
 Carvajal, Doreen. The Codes That Need to Be Broken. The New York Times, January 26, 2011.
 Cotter, David A., Joan M. Hermsen, Seth Ovadia, and Reece Vanneman (2001). The glass ceiling effect. Social Forces, Vol. 80 No. 2, pp. 655–81.
 Effects of Glass Ceiling on Women Career Development in Private Sector Organizations – Case of Sri Lanka

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