Anatolia Klasik

Anatolia, yang juga dikenal dengan nama Latin Asia Kecil, dianggap sebagai wilayah paling barat Asia. Secara geografi, wilayah tersebut meliputi dataran tinggi tengah Turki modern, dari dataran pesisir Laut Aegean di bagian timur sampai pegunungan di perbatasan Armenia dari dari pesisir sempit Laut Hitam di bagian selatan sampai pegunungan Taurus dan pesisir Laut Tengah.

Perwakilan kebudayaan terawal di Anatolia adalah artefak-artefak Zaman Batu. Reruntuhan perabadan Zaman Perunggu seperti bangsa Hattian, Akkadian, Asiria, dan Hittite menyediakan beberapa contoh hidupan sehari-hari warganya dan perdagangan mereka. Setelah kejatuhan Hittite, negara-negara baru Phrygia dan Lydia berdiri kuat di pesisir barat saat peradaban Yunani mulai tersebar. Hanya ancaman dari kerajaan Persian yang menghindarkan mereka dari memajukan puncak kesuksesan mereka di masa lampau.

 Sumber 

 Karya rujukan 
 Cambridge Ancient History Online 14 vols. 1970–2000  Note: The original 11 vol Cambridge Ancient History 1928–36 is now available as free ebooks 
 Cambridge Companions to the Ancient World. 10 vols.
 Hastings, James. A Dictionary of the Bible: Dealing with Its Language, Literature, and Contents, Including the Biblical Theology. Volume III: (Part I: Kir—Nympha). Minerva 2004 (reprinted from 1898). ISBN 978-1-4102-1726-4
 Hornblower, Simon; Antony Spawforth (1996). The Oxford Classical Dictionary. Oxford University Press The Oxford Classical Dictionary. Oxford University Press .
 John Lemprière. A classical dictionary, containing a copious account of all the proper names mentioned in antient authors... 1839
 McEvedy, Colin (1967). The Penguin Atlas of Ancient History. Penguin.
 Marek, Christian (2010), Geschichte Kleinasiens in der Antike C. H. Beck, Munich, ISBN 978-3-406-59853-1 (review: M. Weiskopf, Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2010.08.13).
 Smith W (ed.), Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography Walton and Maberly, London 1854. 2 vols. Direct Link to Online Version

 Umum 
 Duncker, Max (1879). The History of Antiquity, Volume III. Richard Bentley & Son.


 Zaman Klasik 
 Freeman, Charles (1999). Egypt, Greece and Rome: Civilizations of the Ancient Mediterranean. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-872194-3.
 Ramsay, W.M. (1904). The Letters to the Seven Churches of Asia. Hodder & Stoughton.
 Shipley, Graham (2000) The Greek World After Alexander. Routledge History of the Ancient World. (Routledge, New York)

 Hellenistik 
 Bevan, Edwyn Robert (1902). The House of Seleucus. E. Arnold.
 Botsford, George Willis (1922). Hellenic History. The Macmillan Company.
 Bury, John Bagnell (1913). A History of Greece to the Death of Alexander the Great. Macmillan.

 Persia 
 Pierre Briant From Cyrus to Alexander: A History of the Persian Empire, Eisenbrauns: 2002, ISBN 978-1-57506-031-6 Originally published in French as Histoire de l'Empire perse, Fayard, Paris, 1996
 Encyclopaedia Iranica
 Amélie Kuhrt. The Persian Empire. Routledge, 2007. ISBN 0-415-43628-1, 9780415436281
 Philip De Souza. The Greek and Persian Wars 499–386 BC, Volume 36 of Essential histories. Osprey Publishing, 2003, ISBN 978-1-84176-358-3

 Romawi 
 Mommsen, Theodor (1906). The History of Rome: The Provinces, from Caesar to Diocletian. Charles Scribner's Sons.
 Runciman, Steven (1933). Byzantine Civilization''. Methuen, London