Thermococcus

Dalam taksonomi, Thermococcus adalah genus termofili ekstrem dalam famili Thermococcaceae.See the NCBI webpage on Thermococcus. Data extracted from the 
Anggota dari genus Thermococcus semua Archaea, memiliki karakteristik thermophillic-hyperthermophillic.Amenabar, M. J., et al. (2013). "Archaeal diversity from hydrothermal systems of Deception Island, Antarctica." Polar Biology 36(3): 373-380. Mikroorganisme ini biasanya berbentuk tidak teratur spesies coccoid, mulai dari ukuran 0,6-2,0 μm dengan diameter.Francesco Canganella, W. J. J., Agata Gambacorta, and Garabed Antranikian (1998). 	"Thermococcus guaymasensis sp. nov. and Thermococcus aggregans sp. nov., two novel thermophilic archaea isolated from the Guaymas Basin hydrothermal vent site." International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 48(1): 6. Beberapa spesies Thermococcus tidak dapat bergerak, dan beberapa spesies memiliki motilitas, menggunakan flagela sebagai sumber utama gerakan.Schut, G. J., et al. (2013). "The modular respiratory complexes involved in hydrogen and sulfur metabolism by heterotrophic hyperthermophilic archaea and their evolutionary 	implications."Fems Microbiology Reviews 37(2): 182-203.Yuusuke Tokooji, T. S., Shinsuke Fujiwara, Tadayuki Imanaka and Haruyuki Atomi (2013). "Genetic Examination of Initial Amino Acid Oxidation and Glutamate Catabolism in the 	Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis." Journal of Bacteriology: 10.Bezsudnova, E. Y., et al. (2012). "Structural insight into the molecular basis of 	polyextremophilicity of short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase from the hyperthermophilic 	archaeon Thermococcus sibiricus." Biochimie 94(12): 2628-2638.Cho, S. S., et al. (2012). "Characterization and PCR application of a new high-fidelity DNA polymerase from Thermococcus waiotapuensis." Enzyme and Microbial Technology 	51(6-7): 334-341.Atomi, H., et al. (2013). "CoA biosynthesis in archaea." Biochemical Society Transactions 41: 427-431.Lee, J., et al. (2012). "Hydrogen production from C1 compounds by a novel marine 	hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus onnurineus NA1." International Journal of 	Hydrogen Energy 37(15): 11113-11121.Aono, R., et al. (2012). "Enzymatic Characterization of AMP Phosphorylase and Ribose-1,5-Bisphosphate Isomerase Functioning in an Archaeal AMP Metabolic Pathway." Journal of Bacteriology 194(24): 6847-6855.Jaime Andres Rivas-Pardo, A. H.-M., Victor Castro-Fernandez, Francisco J. Fernandez, M. 	Cristina Vega, and Victoria Guixe (2013). "Crystal Structure, SAXS and Kinetic Mechanism of Hyperthermophilic ADP-Depended Glucokinase from Thermococcus 	litoralis Reveal a Conserved Mechanism for Catalysis " PLoS ONE: 12.Rogatykh, S. V., et al. (2013). "Evaluation of Quantitative and Qualitative Composition of 	Cultivated Acidophilic Microorganisms by Real-Time PCR and Clone Library Analysis." Microbiology 82(2): 210-214.Tae-Yang Jung, Y.-S. K., Byoung-Ha Oh, and Euijeon Woo (2012). "Identification of a 	novel ligand binding site in phosphoserine phosphatase from the hyperthermophilic 	archaeon Thermococcus onnurineus." Wiley Periodicals: 11. Flagela ini biasanya ada pada tiang spesifik organisme. Gerakan ini telah terlihat pada suhu kamar atau pada suhu tinggi, tergantung pada organisme tertentu.Tagashira, K., et al. (2013). "Genetic studies on the virus-like regions in the genome of hyperthermophilic archaeon, Thermococcus kodakarensis." Extremophiles 17(1): 153-160. Pada beberapa spesies, mikroorganisme ini dapat agregat dan membentuk plak putih-abu-abu, sementara semua organisme ini tinggal di suhu dari 70-<100oC,Gorlas, A. and C. Geslin (2013). "A simple procedure to determine the infectivity and host range of viruses infecting anaerobic and hyperthermophilic microorganisms." 	Extremophiles 17(2): 349-355.Krupovic, M., et al. (2013). "Insights into Dynamics of Mobile Genetic Elements in Hyperthermophilic Environments from Five New Thermococcus Plasmids." PLoS ONE 8(1).Adrian Hetzer, H. W. M., Ian R. McDonald, Christopher J. Daughney (2007). "Microbial life in Champagne Pool, a geothermal spring in Waiotapu, New Zealand." Extremophiles 	11:10.Tomohiro Kato, X. L., Hiroyuki Asanuma (2012). "Model of Elongation of Short DNA Sequence by Thermophilic DNA Polymerase under Isothermal Conditions." Biochemistry 51: 8.Kim, B. K., et al. (2012). "Genome Sequence of an Oligohaline Hyperthermophilic 	Archaeon, Thermococcus zilligii AN1, Isolated from a Terrestrial Geothermal Freshwater Spring." Journal of Bacteriology 194(14): 3765-3766.Annmarie Neumer, H. W. J., Shimshon Belkin, and Karl O. Stetter (1990). "Thermococcus 	litoralis sp. nov.: A new species of extremely thermophilic marine archaebacteria." Arch 	Microbiology 153(1): 3.James F. Holden, K. T., Melanie Summit, Sheryl Bolton, Jamie Zyskowski, John A. Baross 	(2000). "Diversity among three novel groups of hyperthermophilic deep-sea Thermococcus species from three sites in the northeastern Pacific Ocean." FEMS Microbiology Ecology 36: 10. baik di hadapan perokok hitam (ventilasi hidrotermal), atau mata air tawar,Elisabeth Antoine, J. G., J. R. Meunier, F. Lesongeur, G. Barbier (1995). "Isolation and 	Characterization of Extremely Thermophilic Archaebacteria Related to the Genus Thermococcus from Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Guaymas Basin." Current Microbiology 31: 7. antara garam (NaCl) konsentrasi dari 1% -3%. Spesies dalam genus ini secara ketat anaerob, dan sebagian besar barophiles serta thermophiles, hidup di kedalaman antara 200 <1.000 ft. Organisme ini berkembang pada tingkat pH 5,6-7,9.Kazuo Tori, S. I., Shinichi Kiyonari, Saki Tahara, Yoshizumi Ishino (2013). "A Novel Single-Strand Specific 3'-5' Exonuclease Found in the Hyperthermophilic Archaeon, Pyrococcus furiosus." PLoS ONE 8: 9. Anggota dari genus ini telah ditemukan di banyak sistem hidrotermal ventilasi di dunia, termasuk dari laut Jepang,Cui, Z. C., et al. (2012). "High level expression and characterization of a thermostable lysophospholipase from Thermococcus kodakarensis KOD1." Extremophiles 16(4): 619-625. untuk lepas pantai California.Ryo Uehara, S.-i. T., Kazufumi Takano, Yuichi Koga, Shigenori Kanaya (2012). "Requirement of insertion sequence IS1 for thermal adaptation of Pro-Tk-subtilisin from hyperthermophilic archaeon." Extremophiles 16: 11. Anehnya garam (NaCl) bukan merupakan substrat diperlukan untuk organisme ini,Cubonova, L., et al. (2012). "An Archaeal Histone Is Required for Transformation of 	Thermococcus kodakarensis." Journal of Bacteriology 194(24): 6864-6874.Anne Postec, F. L., Patricia Pignet, Bernard Ollivier, Joel Querellou, Anne Godfroy (2007). "Continuous enrichment cultures: insights into prokaryotic diversity and metabolic interactions in deep-sea vent chimneys." Extremophiles 11: 10. sebagai salah satu studi menunjukkan anggota Thermococcus hidup dalam sistem air panas tawar di Selandia Baru, tetapi mereka memang membutuhkan konsentrasi rendah lithium ion untuk pertumbuhan.Jed O. Eberly, R. L. E. (2008). "Thermotolerant Hydrogenases: Biological Diversity, 	Properties, and Biotechnological Applications." Critical Reviews in Microbiology 34: 14. Anggota Thermococcus digambarkan sebagai heterotrofik, chemotrophic dan sulfanogen organotrophic; memanfaatkan unsur sulfur (So) dan sumber karbon termasuk asam amino, karbohidrat, dan asam organik seperti piruvat.Ozawa, Y., et al. (2012). "Indolepyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase: An oxygen-sensitive iron-sulfur enzyme from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus profundus." 	Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering 114(1): 23-27.

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