Spiritual (musik)

Spirituals (atau Spiritual negroNegro Spirituals Heritage Daynegrospirituals.comNegro Spirituals: Songs of Survival) adalah musik-musik keagamaan (utamanya Kristen) yang dibuat oleh budak orang Afrika di Amerika Serikat.

 Terminologi dan asal mula 
Istilah spiritual berasal dari musik spiritual.  berkata: "dan berkata-katalah seorang kepada yang lain dalam mazmur, kidung puji-pujian dan nyanyian rohani. Bernyanyi dan bersoraklah bagi Tuhan dengan segenap hati."

 Lihat pula 
 Sejarah perbudakan di Amerika Serikat
 Deep River Boys
 Musik keagamaan
 Musik Afrika-Amerika
 Musik injil

 Catatan kaki 

 Bacaan tambahan 
 William Eleazar Barton (1899/1972), Old Plantation Hymns: A Collection of Hitherto Unpublished Melodies of the Slave and the Freeman, with Historical and Descriptive Notes, reprint, New York: AMS Press.
 Marc A. Bauch: Extending the Canon: Thomas Wentworth Higginson and African-American Spirituals (Munich, Germany, 2013)
 Nash, Elizabeth (2007). "Autobiographical Reminiscences of African-American Classical Singers, 1853-Present". Lewiston: Edwin Mellen Press. ISBN 0-7734-5250-8

 Pranala luar 
 The Spirituals Project
 Sweet Chariot: the story of the spirituals 
 Fisk Jubilee Singers
 Marian Anderson: A Life in Song 
 Historical Notes on African American melodies, including 75 Negro spirituals with downloadable arrangements for solo instrument
 Free Gospel scores 

 Contoh rekaman 
 Listen to "Pharaoh's Army Got Drowned," artists unknown (765 KB)
 Gordon Collection; performed by unknown persons in the Bay Area of California in the early 1920s
 Download recording of "Deep Down in My Heart", from the Library of Congress' Gordon Collection; performed by W. M. Givens in Darien, Georgia, on about March 19, 1926

Kategori:Genre musik Kristen
Kategori:Genre musik injil
Kategori:Perbudakan di Amerika Serikat
Kategori:Sejarah kebudayaan Afrika-Amerika