Tracy Chapman

Tracy Chapman () adalah seorang penyanyi Amerika sekaligus pencipta lagu. Ia paling dikenal karena singlenya yang berjudul "Fast Car", "Talkin' 'bout a Revolution", "Baby Can I Hold You", "Give Me One Reason" "The Promise" dan "Telling Stories". Ia juga seorang peraih multi-platinum dan juga telah memenangkan sebanyak empat kali Grammy Award.

 Biografi 
Dilahirkan di Cleveland, Ohio, Tracy Chapman mulai bermain gitar dan menulis lagu pada usia sebelas tahun. Ia masuk ke Wooster School di Connecticut, dan pada akhirnya diterima di Tufts University. Pada bulan Mei tahun 2004, Tufts menanugerahinya dengan sebuah gelar Doctor of Fine Arts untuk kontribusinya dalan bidang sosial dan seni.

Ia sering mengadakan pertunjukan dan terlibat dalam kegiatan amal untuk AIDS seperti amFAR.

Walaupun ia tak pernah bercerita tentang kehidupan pribadinya, seorang pengarang buku pemenang penghargaan Pulitzer Prize, bercerita tentang kisah kasihnya dengan Chapman dalam sebuah wawancara dengan The Guardian pada tanggal 15 Desember, 2006. Dalam kesempatan tersebut, ia jugamenjelaskan mengapa mereka tidak memublikasikan hubungan mereka pada saat itu (pertengahan tahun 1990), dan berkata "hubungan kami ketika itu sangat hebat, dan saya benar-benar menikmatinya dan saya sungguh-sungguh jatuh cinta padanya, tetapi itu bukanlah urusan siapapun kecuali kita."

 Karier 
Selama berada di college, Chapman mulai melakukan pertunjukan di jalanan dan bermain gitar di kafe-kafe di Cambridge, Massachusetts. Setelah lulus dari Tutfts, ia mendatangi Elektra Records, dan usahanya itu berhasil menghasilkan sebuah album Tracy Chapman (1988). Album tersebut disambut baik oleh publik. Tak lama setelah ia mengadakan pertunjukan di TV pada acara Nelson Mandela 70th Birthday Tribute concert di bulan Juni 1988, Lagu Fast Carnya mulai masuk ke tangga lagu di Amerika dan akhirnya berhasil menjadi Top 10 lagu pop versi Billboard Hot 100.

Album berikutnya, Crossroads pada tahun 1989, tidak sesukses album pertamanya. Tetapi tetap mendapat sambutan yang baik dan berhasil mendapatkan status platinum.

Matters of the Heart, album ke-tiga Chapman, juga dinilai kurang sukses secara komersial. Tetapi, album ke-empatnya yang dirilis pada tahun 1995, album New Beginning terbukti sangat sukses dengan penjualan sekitar tiga juta kopi - hanya di Amerika. "Give Me One Reason" menjadi hits dari album ini. Lagu ini memenangkan Grammy Awards tahun 1997 untuk kategori lagu Rock terbaik.

Tahun 2000, Telling Stories dengan hit single "Telling Stories" diputar terus-menerus di radio-radio negara-negara Eropa. Album ke-enamnya, Let It Rain dirilis dua tahun berikutnya, tahun 2002.

Where You Live, album ke 7, dirilis pada bulan September 2005.

 Band 
Pada musim panas tahun 2006:
 Tracy Chapman - vokal, gitar, harmonika
 Joe Gore - gitar, keyboard
 Quinn - drum, perkusi
 Kiki Ebsen - bass, backing vokal

 Diskografi 
Album studio
 Judul Detail Posisi tertinggi tangga lagu Certifications(sales threshold) US AUSAustralian (ARIA) chart peaks:
Top 50 peaks:  N.B. This site only contains chart data from the commencement of the ARIA-produced chart on June 20, 1988.
"Talkin' 'bout a Revolution":  N.B. The HP column displays the highest peak reached. "Talkin' 'bout a Revolution" did not peak in Australia until 2011.
"Baby Can I Hold You": 
"Crossroads" (single): 
Top 100 peaks from January 1990 to December 2010: 
"All That You Have Is Your Soul", "New Beginning" (single), "Telling Stories" and "You're the One":  N.B. The High Point number in the NAT column represents the single's peak on the national chart.
"Smoke and Ashes":  N.B. The HP column displays the highest peak reached.
Where You Live:  AUT BEL CAN FRA GER ITA NED NZ NOR SWE SWI UKUK chart peaks:
Top 100 peaks:  N.B. This site displays compressed chart peaks (exclusions applied between positions 76–100).
Top 200 peaks from November 1994 to December 2010:  N.B. This site displays uncompressed chart peaks (no exclusion rules applied) between positions 76–200 for the period November 1994 to May 2001. Tracy Chapman 
 Tangga rilis: April 5, 1988
 Label: Elektra
 Format: LP, Digital download, CD 1  2  1  28  1  2  1  1  1  1  2  2  1  1  
 US: 6× Platinum
 AUS: 7× PlatinumAustralian (ARIA) certifications (accurate as of December 2010): 
 AUT: 2× Platinum
 CAN: 3× Platinum
 FRA: Diamond
 GER: 9× Gold
 ITA: Gold
 NZ: Platinum
 SWE: Gold
 SWI: 4× Platinum
 UK: 7× Platinum N.B. User must enter the artist or title of release to display results. Crossroads 
 Tangga rilis: October 3, 1989
 Label: Elektra
 Format: LP, Digital download, CD 9  4  3  —  12  2  1  2  5  1  3  8  2  1  
 US: Platinum
 AUS: 2× Platinum
 AUT: Platinum
 CAN: Platinum
 GER: 2× Platinum
 NZ: Platinum
 SWE: Gold
 SWI: 2× Platinum
 UK: Platinum Matters of the Heart 
 Tangga rilis: April 28, 1992
 Label: Elektra
 Format: Digital download, CD 53  23  11  —  55  5  13  8  33  23  —  37  10  19  
 US: Gold
 AUS: Gold
 SWI: Gold New Beginning 
 Tangga rilis: November 14, 1995
 Label: Elektra
 Format: Digital download, CD 4  6  9  —  1  44  60  —  —  8  —  46  22  —  
 US: 5× Platinum
 AUS: 3× Platinum
 AUT: Gold
 CAN: 7× Platinum
 GER: Gold
 NZ: Platinum
 UK: Silver Telling Stories 
 Tangga rilis: February 15, 2000
 Label: Elektra
 Format: Digital download, CD 33  33  5  —  15  9  5  14  —  10  17  16  2  85  
 US: Gold
 GER: Gold
 NZ: Gold
 SWI: Gold Let It Rain 
 Tangga rilis: October 15, 2002
 Label: Elektra
 Format: Digital download, CD 25  25  6  32  —  3  15  18  75  45  24  27  4  36  
 AUT: Gold
 SWI: Gold
 UK: Silver Where You Live 
 Tangga rilis: September 13, 2005
 Label: Elektra, Atlantic
 Format: Digital download, CD 49  77  7  20  —  7  12  9  38  —  —  28  4  43  SWI: Gold Our Bright Future 
 Tangga rilis: November 11, 2008
 Label: Elektra, Atlantic
 Format: Digital download, CD 57  81  23  22  —  5  28  20  56  —  39  35  9  75  
 FRA: Platinum
 SWI: Gold "—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not Tangga rilis in that territory.

Album kompilasi
 Judul Detail Posisi tertinggi tangga lagu Certifications(sales threshold) AUS AUT BEL NED NZ NOR POR SWE SWI UK Collection 
 Tangga rilis: October 30, 2001
 Label: Elektra, WEA International
 Format: Digital download, CD 10  1  6  3  9  6  24  9  4  3  
 AUS: 2× Platinum
 AUT: Gold
 GER: Gold
 NZ: Platinum
 SWE: Gold
 SWI: Gold
 UK: Platinum Greatest Hits 
 Tangga rilis: November 20, 2015
 Label: Elektra
 Format: Digital download, CD 14  —  51  79  3  —  —  —  —  30  UK: Silver "—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not Tangga rilis in that territory.

Singel
Sebagai penyanyi utama
 Tahun Judul Posisi tertinggi tangga lagu Certifications Album US US Main. Rock US Mod. Rock US AC US R&B AUS CAN NZ SWI UK 1988 "Fast Car" 6  19  —  7  —  4  1  21  —  4 UK: 2× Platinum
 ITA: Gold Tracy Chapman "Talkin' 'bout a Revolution" 75  22  24  45  78  66  42  32  —  85 "Baby Can I Hold You" 48  —  —  19  —  68  27  16  —  94  UK: Silver 1989 "Crossroads" 90  26  7  41  —  58  32  21  18  61 Crossroads "All That You Have Is Your Soul" —  —  —  —  —  119  —  —  —  —  1990 "Subcity" —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  1992 "Bang Bang Bang" —  —  —  —  —  84  —  —  —  —  Matters of the Heart "Dreaming on a World" —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  1995 "Give Me One Reason" 3  —  —  3  35  3  1  16  —  95 US: Platinum
 AUS: Platinum
 NZ: Gold New Beginning 1996 "New Beginning" 106  —  —  —  —  114  —  —  —  —  "The Promise" —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  "Smoke and Ashes" 119  —  —  —  —  57  —  —  —  —  2000 "Telling Stories" 108  —  —  —  —  180  —  22  76  —  Telling Stories "It's OK" —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  "Wedding Song" —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  2001 "Baby Can I Hold You"(Re-release) —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  The Collection 2002 "You're the One" —  —  —  —  —  211  —  —  —  146 Let It Rain 2003 "Another Sun" —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  2005 "Change" —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  191 Where You Live 2006 "America" —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  2008 "Sing for You" —  —  —  —  —  83  —  —  48  —  Our Bright Future 2009 "Thinking of You" —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  —  "—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not Tangga rilis in that territory.

Penampilan lainnya
 Tahun Judul Album Artis 1997 "The Thrill Is Gone" Deuces Wild B.B. King

Kontribusi
Duet songs:
1997: "The Thrill Is Gone" with B.B. King from his album Deuces Wild
1999: "Give Me One Reason" with Eric Clapton from the album A Very Special Christmas Live
1999: "Trench Town Rock" with Stephen and Ziggy Marley at the One Love The Bob Marley All-Star Tribute
2000: "Baby Can I Hold You" with Luciano Pavarotti from the DVD/Album Pavarotti and Friends for Cambodia and Tibet
2001: "The Maker" with Dave Matthews on October 21, 2001, at the Bridge School Benefit
2005: "Ain't No Sunshine" with Buddy Guy from his album Bring 'Em In

Lagu daur ulang:
 1990: "The House of the Rising Sun" – Rubáiyát (LP)
 1993: "The Times They Are A Changin" – Bob Dylan 30th Anniversary Celebration (LP)
 1997 and 1999: "O Holy Night" – A Very Special Christmas 3 (LP) and A Very Special Christmas Live (LP)
 2000: "Three Little Birds" – Live at the One Love The Bob Marley All-Star Tribute
 2003: "Get Up Stand Up" – by Bob Marley featured on the Let It Rain tour edition (CD2 & LP)
 2005: "Stand By Me" – by Ben E. King on the XM Hear Music Radio Sessions Volume 1 (LP)

Musik video
 Tahun Judul 1988 "Fast Car" "Talkin' 'bout a Revolution" "Baby Can I Hold You" 1989 "Crossroads" "Born to Fight" 1992 "Bang Bang Bang" 1995 "Give Me One Reason" 1996 "New Beginning" 1997 "The Thrill Is Gone"(B.B. King featuring Tracy Chapman)  2000 "Telling Stories" 2005 "Change" 2008 "Sing for You"

 Penghargaan dan nominasi 
TahunPenghargaanKategoriKarya yang dinominasiHasil1988Billboard Music AwardsBest Female Video"Fast Car"1989Soul Train Music AwardsBest R&B/Urban Contemporary Album of the Year, FemaleTracy ChapmanDanish Music AwardsBest International AlbumBRIT AwardsBest International Breakthrough ActHerselfBest International Solo FemaleEdison AwardsBest Singer/Songwriter MTV Video Music AwardsBest Female Video"Fast Car"American Music AwardsFavorite Pop Rock New ArtistHerselfFavorite Pop/Rock Female Artist1993ECHO AwardsBest International Female 1996MTV Video Music AwardsBest Female Video"Give Me One Reason"APRA Music AwardsMost Performed Foreign Work2001California Music Awards Outstanding Female Vocalist Herself 2002IFPI Platinum Europe Music AwardsAlbum TitleCollection2006Meteor Ireland Music AwardsBest International FemaleHerself2009SXSWi: Web Awards HonorPop MusicHerself

Grammy Awards

|-
|rowspan=6|1988
|Herself
|Best New Artist
|
|-
|rowspan=2|Tracy Chapman
|Album of the Year
|
|-
|Best Contemporary Folk Album
|
|-
|rowspan=3|"Fast Car"
|Song of the Year
|
|-
|Record of the Year
|
|-
|Best Female Pop Vocal Performance
|
|-
|rowspan=1|1990
|Crossroads
|Best Contemporary Folk Album
|
|-
|rowspan=5|1997
|New Beginning
|Best Pop Album
|
|-
|rowspan=4|"Give Me One Reason"
|Song of the Year
|
|-
|Record of the Year
|
|-
|Best Female Rock Vocal Performance
|
|-
|Best Rock Song
|
|-
|2010
|Our Bright Future
|Best Contemporary Folk Album
|
|}

 Pranala luar 

 Situs Resmi
 Forum Diskusi

 Tracy Chapman halaman Artist di Atlantic Records site. 
 Fan Channel di YouTube

 Referensi 

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