Martin Luther

Martin Luther OSA (10 November 1483Luther himself, however, believed that he had been born in 1484.  – 18 Februari 1546) nya siku paderi Jerman, pakar teologi, pengarang, penulis lagu puji, profesor, enggau ex-friar Augustinian.Luther consistently referred to himself as a former monk. For example: "Thus formerly, when I was a monk, I used to hope that I would be able to pacify my conscience with the fastings, the praying, and the vigils with which I used to afflict my body in a way to excite pity. But the more I sweat, the less quiet and peace I felt; for the true light had been removed from my eyes." Martin Luther, Lectures on Genesis: Chapters 45–50, ed. Jaroslav Jan Pelikan, Hilton C. Oswald, and Helmut T. Lehmann, vol. 8 Luther's Works. (Saint Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1999), 5:326.  Luther nyadi orang ti ngepunka Reformasyen Protestan, lalu pengarap teologi iya nyadika pelasar pengarap Lutheran. Iya dikumbai mayuh orang nyadi siku ari orang ti pemadu bepengaruh dalam sejarah Barat enggau Kristian.

Diada ba Eisleben, Luther dichiri nyadi paderi dalam taun 1507. Iya datai nulak sekeda ajar enggau pengawa Gerija Roman Katolik kemaya hari tu, kelebih agi penemu pasal indulgens enggau kuasa paus. Luther ngepunka debat entarabansa pasal pekara tu dalam chunto Sembilan Puluh Lima Tesis iya, ti dikarang iya dalam taun 1517. Ba taun 1520, Paus Leo X minta Luther ngelengka semua utai ke ditulis iya, lalu lebuh Luther enggai ngereja nya, iya dibuai ari gerija kena bulan Januari 1521. Udah nya ba taun nya mega, Raja Besai Rome Kudus Charles V ngutuk Luther nyadi orang ke ngereja penyalah ba Diet of Worms. Lebuh Luther mati dalam taun 1546, pemuai iya ari gerija ti digaga Leo X agi dikena.

Luther ngajar, pengelurus ukai dibulih ari sebarang pengawa tauka niat tauka pemanah mensia; tang, iya diterima semina nyadika pemeri ti enda bebayar ari pengasih Allah Taala nengah pengarap orang ti arap ngagai Jesus Kristus. Iya ngumbai pengawa ti manah nya buah ti beguna ari pengarap ti idup, sebagi ari proses pengudus. Teologi Luther nyakal kuasa enggau pengawa paus enggau bishop enggau ngajar Bup Kudus aja pun penemu ti dipadahka Petara pasal Injil,Ewald M. Plass, What Luther Says, 3 vols., (St. Louis: CPH, 1959), 88, no. 269; M. Reu, Luther and the Scriptures, (Columbus, Ohio: Wartburg Press, 1944), 23.  lalu mantah sacerdotalisme enggau ngumbai semua orang Kristian ti udah dibaptisa nyadi imam ti kudus.Luther, Martin. Concerning the Ministry (1523), tr. Conrad Bergendoff, in Bergendoff, Conrad (ed.) Luther's Works. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1958, 40:18 ff.  Sida ke ngelala diri enggau utai tu, sereta mega ajar Luther ke besai agi, dikumbai orang Lutheran, taja pan Luther bebendar ngena nama Kristian tauka Evangelikal (Jereman : evangelisch), nyadika nama ke semina ulih diterima ungkup individu ke ngaku arapka Kristus.

Pengawa Luther nyalin Bup Kudus ari jaku Latin ngagai jaku Jereman ngasuh Bup Kudus jauh mudah agi ditemu orang, lalu tu meri empas ti besai ngagai gerija enggau budaya Jereman. Iya nerenakka pemansang versyen standard jaku Jereman, nambahka sekeda prinsip ngagai seni nyalin,Fahlbusch, Erwin and Bromiley, Geoffrey William. The Encyclopedia of Christianity. Grand Rapids, MI: Leiden, Netherlands: Wm. B. Eerdmans; Brill, 1999–2003, 1:244.  lalu nguing pengawa nulis salin jaku English, Bup Kudus Tyndale.Tyndale's New Testament, trans. from the Greek by William Tyndale in 1534 in a modern-spelling edition and with an introduction by David Daniell. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1989, ix–x.  Lagu puji iya ngasuh pengawa belagu ba gerija Protestan mansang.Bainton, Roland. Here I Stand: a Life of Martin Luther. New York: Penguin, 1995, 269.  Tikah iya enggau Katharina von Bora, siku nan ke suba, nyadika teladan ngagai pengawa tikah paderi, ngemendarka paderi Protestan jadi melaki bini.Bainton, Roland. Here I Stand: a Life of Martin Luther. New York: Penguin, 1995, p. 223. 

Dalam dua iti bup iya ke udah nya, baka dalam bup On the Jews and Their Lies, Luther mantaika penemu ti tegap ngelaban orang Judah, minta orang Judah dibuai sereta ditunu sinagog sida.Hendrix, Scott H. "The Controversial Luther" , Word & World 3/4 (1983), Luther Seminary, St. Paul, MN. Also see Hillerbrand, Hans. "The legacy of Martin Luther" , in Hillerbrand, Hans & McKim, Donald K. (eds.) The Cambridge Companion to Luther. Cambridge University Press, 2003.

In 1523, Luther wrote that Jesus Christ was born a Jew which discouraged mistreatment of the Jews and advocated their conversion by proving that the Old Testament could be shown to speak of Jesus Christ. However, as the Reformation grew, Luther began to lose hope in large-scale Jewish conversion to Christianity, and in the years his health deteriorated he grew more acerbic toward the Jews, writing against them with the kind of venom he had already unleashed on the Anabaptists, Zwingli, and the pope.  Pengawa tu mega dituju ngagai orang Kristian Roman Katolik, Anabaptis, enggau orang Kristian ke enda pechayaka Triniti.Schaff, Philip: History of the Christian Church, Vol. VIII: Modern Christianity: The Swiss Reformation, William B. Eerdmans Pub. Co., Grand Rapids, Michigan, US, 1910, page 706.  Luther enda terus ngasuh orang Judah dibunuh;Martin Brecht, Martin Luther (Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1985–1993), 3:336. Luther's letter to Rabbi Josel as cited by Gordon Rupp, Martin Luther and the Jews (London: The Council of Christians and Jews, 1972), 14. According to , this paragraph is not available in the English edition of Luther's works.  taja pia, tebal agi bala pakar sejarah madahka retorik iya meransang antisemitisme di Jereman enggau penumbuh, beratus taun udah nya, Parti Nazi."The assertion that Luther's expressions of anti-Jewish sentiment have been of major and persistent influence in the centuries after the Reformation, and that there exists a continuity between Protestant anti-Judaism and modern racially oriented antisemitism, is at present wide-spread in the literature; since the Second World War it has understandably become the prevailing opinion." Johannes Wallmann, "The Reception of Luther's Writings on the Jews from the Reformation to the End of the 19th Century", Lutheran Quarterly, n.s. 1 (Spring 1987) 1:72–97. For similar views, see:Grunberger, Richard. The 12-Year Reich: A Social History of Nazi Germany 1933–1945 (NP:Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1971), 465. 

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