Orthoflavivirus encephalitidis

Orthoflavivirus encephalitidis (ex tick-borne encephalitis virus) es un specie de virus del familia Flaviviridae. Es un arbovirus (arthropodoportate virus) transmittite per ticcas dur. Pote infectar plure typos de mammiferos e causar le encephalite ticcaportate in human. Se distingue al minus 3 subtypos, associate con differente species de ticca.

 Transmission 
Vector: le virus es transmittite per ticcas del genere Ixodes.

Reservoir: su hospites primari poterea esser ticcas ipse, rodentes o insectivoros.Salat J, Ruzek D. Tick-borne encephalitis in domestic animals. Acta Virol. 2020;64(2):226-232. . PMID: 32551790.

Hospites: primates (cuje Human), ruminantes, cavallos, rodentes, carnivoros (cuje can) ma alsi aves e ipse le mosquito Aedes vexans.https://www.canada.ca/fr/sante-publique/services/biosecurite-biosurete-laboratoire/fiches-techniques-sante-securite-agents-pathogenes-evaluation-risques/virus-encephalite-tiques.html

Un transmission alimentari per le lacte non pasteurisate de ruminante infectate es possibile.

 Virologia 
Es un virus de ARN de singulo filamento de senso positive. Su genoma es longe de circa 11 kb.Thomas, S. J., T. P. Endy, A. L. Rothman, et A. D. Barrett. 2015. Flaviviruses (Dengue, Yellow Fever, Japanese Encephalitis, West Nile Encephalitis, St. Louis Encephalitis, Tick-Borne Encephalitis, Kyasanur Forest Disease, Alkhurma Hemorrhagic Fever, Zika), p. 1881. J. E. Bennett, R. Dolin, and M. J. Blaser (eds.), Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, 8e ed.,. Elsevier.

Orthoflavivirus encephalitidis admitte al minus tres subtypos:
 West Europa subtypo, principalmente transmittite per Ixodes ricinus;
 Siberian subtypo, principalmente transmittite per Ixodes persulcatus;
 Est Asia subtypo, principalmente transmittite per Ixodes persulcatus.
Subtypos baikalian e himalayan son alsi proposate.

Le  cippo de referentia es Sofjin cippo.

 Pathogenicitate 
Le virus es pathogene. Duo casos sur tres son asymptomatic. Le maladia pote esser biphasic con un prime phase affectante cellulas cutanee e lymphatic glandulas. In le secunde phase, le virus traversa le hematoencephalic barriera producente neuronal inflammation in le systema nervose central (meningite (principalmente in infantes), meningoencephalite, meningoencephalomyelite, paralyse flaccide (poliomyelite), polyradiculonevrite (syndrome de Guillain-Barré) o formas hemorrhagic). Neurologic sequelas affecta de 26 % ad 46 % de casos.

Le typo Est-asiatic pare esser le plus virulente con un rata de mortalitate de 5 % ad 40 % contra 6 % ad 8 % con le typo siberian e de 1 % ad 2 % con le typo europee.

 Vaccination 
Nove vaccinos permitte le vaccination del population in regiones endemic.

Categoria:Flaviviridae