David McReynolds

David Ernest McReynolds (Los Angeles, California  – New York, New York ) era un activista statounitese prominente in le movimento pro pacifismo e socialismo democratic. Ille describeva se como "un bureaucrate del movimento pro le pace" durante su carriera de 40 annos con le War Resisters League.David McReynolds, "Thinking About Retirement", Nonviolent Activist, March–April 1999, p. 7.https://www.amazon.com/Saving-Remnant-Radical-Barbara-McReynolds/dp/1595583238 Martin Duberman, A Saving Remnant: The Radical Lives of Barbara Deming and David McReynolds, New York: The New Press (2011) p. 221 Ille travaliava e resideva in New York City. McReynolds era duo vices le candidato pro Presidente del SUA del Socialist Party USA, in 1980 e 2000. Ille era le prime candidato presidential statounitese a ser apertemente gay.

 Biographia 
McReynolds era nate in Los Angeles, le filio de Elizabeth Grace (Tallon), un infirmera, e Locotenente Colonnello Charles McReynolds, un officiero de intelligentia militari in le armea aeree statounitese. In 1951 ille ha affiliate se con le Socialist Party of America (SPA) e in 1953 ille ha graduate de UCLA con un grado in scientia politic. Inter 1957 e 1960 ille travaliava pro le consilio editorial del magazin progressive Liberation. Ille era  apertemente gay e scribeva su prime articulo re viver como un homine gay in 1969.Leaders from the 1960s: A Biographical Sourcebook of American Activism. Edited By David De Leon Published by Greenwood Publishing Group, 1994  pp.215–219
 War Resisters League 
McReynolds era fortemente anti-guerra e un resistante de conscription, e in 1960 ille comenciava a travaliar al War Resisters League (o WRL), le "Liga de Resistantes de Guerra", ubi ille remaneva usque su retiramento in 1999. In 1965 ille conferentiava re le vetere e nove movimento  "The Old Left and the New Left" al novemente fundate Free University of New York.Berke, Joseph (October 29, 1965), "The Free University of New York", Peace News: 6–7 

Le  ille era un de cinque homines qui publicamente ha ardite lor cartas de conscription durante un manifestation contra le guerra in Vietnam a Union Square in New York City. Isto era un del prime incinerationes public de cartas de conscription post le cambio del lege statounitese le  que faceva lo un felonia, punibile per un maximo de cinque annos imprisionamento. Ille era un amico de Bayard RustinJohn D'Emilio. READING THE SILENCES IN A GAY LIFE The Case of Bayard Rustin pp. 59–68 in The Seductions of Biography. Edited: Mary Rhiel, David Suchoff, David Bruce Suchoff. Routledge, 1996 
"Rustin's only defender was Dave McReynolds, a younger gay staffer at the War Resisters League, whom Rustin had mentored over the years" e altere activistas prominente pro le pace, e de figuras literari como Quentin Crisp.Dave McReynolds. NOTES ON KNOWING QUENTIN. and QUENTIN CRISP: THE RADICAL, Quentin Crisp Archives (2005)

In 1968, ille signava le "Writers and Editors War Tax Protest", spondente a refusar pagamentos de taxas in protesto contra le Guerra de Vietnam,"Writers and Editors War Tax Protest" January 30, 1968 New York Post e depost ille deveniva un proponitor del project War Tax Resistance (Resistentia a Taxas de Guerra), que practicava e advocava assistentia a taxas como un forma de protesto anti-guerra."A Call to War Tax Resistance" The Cycle 14 May 1970, p. 7

McReynolds era multo active internationalmente, e in le War Resisters' International, del qual ille era presidente 1986–88, e in le International Confederation pro Disarmamento e Pace, que postea ha fusionate se con le International Peace Bureau.
 Socialist Party USA 
Le SPA era renominate le Social Democrats USA per un voto del majoritate al convention de 1972. Michael Harrington ha resignate and depost formava le Democratic Socialist Organizing Committee (nunc le Democratic Socialists of America, DSA) con le fin de reinfortiar le rolo del syndicatos e altere organisationes progressive in le Partito Democratic pro radicalisar ille partito. Le faction le plus parve e le plus radical del SPA, cognoscite como le Debs Caucus, includente McReynolds, formava le Socialist Party USA (SPUSA).  McReynolds era longemente un membro de e le DSA e le SPUSA.

Le contribution theoretic primari de McReynolds al socialismo veniva de su mixtura de un vista pacifista con un dedication a economica socialista re-distributive.  Politicamente, ille era un anti-authoritariano commetite e collaborava con un gruppo diverse de formationes politic in le movimento radical democratic.  Su latemente legite brochure, The Philosophy of Nonviolence ("Le Philosophia de Nonviolentia"), provide un unic vista al mente de un activista pro tote su vita luctante con le contradictiones e trappas que plagava le movimento progressive politic in le seculo 20e. Ille conclude que "Il non existe un philosophia vivente e vital que non ha 'cavos' in lo."

Consequentemente, ille planava un accostamento pluralistic que es socialista ma es ingagiate con systemas tan differente como philosophia hindu. Ille concludeva que un forma de socialismo pacifista es le plus appropriate pro experimentos socialista futur.
 Campanias politic 

In su carriera politic McReynolds era duo vices un candidato pro le Camera del Representantes in su districto congressional in Manhattan basse, duo vices pro presidente del SUA, e un vice pro ser un senator statounitese del stato de Nove Yorkle.  In 1958 ille era un candidato write-in del SPA e in 1968 ille era le candidato de Peace and Freedom Party (Partito del Pace e Liberation) in le 19e districto del stato de Nove York, ganiante 4.7% del votos (3,969 votos).

In 1980, ille era le candidato presidential del SPUSA, con Diane Drufenbrock com le candidato vice presidential, recipente 6,994 votos (0.01%).Kari Lydersen. David vs. Goliath. In These Times. Vol. 24, No. 10 (2000). 
On his 1980 presidential run:
"He was among the first openly gay political candidates for any office, having come out in WIN magazine in 1969, and though he doesn't see himself as a "gay and lesbian candidate," he has continued to work for gay rights."

Ille era le de nove le candidato del SPUSA pro presidente in 2000, con Mary Cal Hollis como le candidato vice-presidential, recipente 5,602 votos.  E in 1980 e in 2000, McReynolds era alsi le candidato del Liberty Union Party in Vermont.

Post le election de 2000 le Palm Beach Post speculava que quasi omne del 2,908 votantes qui ha invalidate lor votos per matcar le nomines e de McReynolds de del candidato Democratic Al Gore in un "confudente ballotta papilion" (e alsi del plus que 3,000 alteres quo marcava e Gore e le candidato conservatissime Pat Buchanan) intendeva a votar pro Gore e a causa de que iste errores de votar Gore ha perdite le votos electoral crucial del stato de Florida, e ergo le election national mesme. 

Le 10 de julio 2004, McReynolds ha announciate su candidatura in le Green Party (Partito Verde) in le stato de Nove York pro le senato national, in un campania anti-guerra contra le senator incumbente Chuck Schumer, ganiante 36,942 votos, 0.5% del total.

 Ultime annos 
McReynolds era active politicamente pro le resto de su vita, assistente a meetinges, parlante in classes, essente interviewate pro filmes e recerca, e participante in actiones pro-pace, pro-justitia, anti-guerra e antinuclear. Su ultime arresto era al Mission del SUA al Nationes Unite in 2015 in un action petente disarmamento nuclear immediate.

Ille era un photographo avide durante tote su vita adulte e ganiava tempore in le ultime tres annos de su vita in arrangiar su collection de plus que 50,000 photos.

In 2015, McReynolds indorsava Senator Bernie Sanders pro presidente del SUA, laudante lo como un "candidato seriose" e pro non attaccar personalmente su rival pro le nomination del Partito Democratic, Hillary Clinton.

McReynolds ha morite le 17 de augusto 2018, al etate de 88, post un cadita in su appapppartamento in le citate de New York.

 Obra per McReynolds 
 We Have Been Invaded by the 21st Century. Praeger, 1970.
 "Thinking About Retirement," Nonviolent Activist, March–April 1999.
 "Queer Reflections," New Politics, Vol 12, no. 1 (2008).
 "David McReynolds Photography"

 Obra re McReynolds 
 Paul Buhle, "David McReynolds:Socialist Peacemaker". Nonviolent Activist, March–April 1999.
 Scott H. Bennett, "Conscience, Comrades, and the Cold War: The Korean War Draft Resistance Cases of Socialist Pacifists David McReynolds and Vern Davidson," Peace and Change, vol. 38, no. 1 (Jan. 2013), pp. 83–120.
 Scott H. Bennett, Radical Pacifism: The War Resisters League and Gandhian Nonviolence in America, 1915–1963. Syracuse University Press, 2003.
 Dan Vera, "Being Peaceful: An Interview with David McReynolds." White Crane, No. 57 (Summer 2003), pp. 4–10.
 Keith Stern, Queers in History. Dallas, Texas: BenBella Books, 2009.

 Ligamines externe 
 Socialist Party USA
 War Resisters League
 The Philosophy of Nonviolence per David McReynolds
 The Infinite Series per David McReynolds
 Su articulos a MyTown
 Paul Buhle, David McReynolds: Socialist Peacemaker.
 Anthony Giacchino, Unclassified: Documentary of David McReynolds, Vimeo.
 Collection de su papiros a Bryn Mawr
 Articulos per David McReynolds a The Rag Blog
 David McReynolds e Martin Duberman in Rag Radio, interviste per Thorne Dreyer, March 25, 2011 (53:28)

Categoria:Pacifistas
Categoria:Socialistas
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Categoria:Pacifistas