Persa

Persa (nomine native: , Fārsi) es un lingua iranian in le branca indo-iranian del  linguas indoeuropee que es largemente parlate in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan e a alcun extento in Armenia, Irak, Bahrain, e Oman. Illo es le lingua official de Iran, Afghanistan, e Tajikistan.

Persa, cuje nomine es فارسی Fārsi ("persa"), Dari (le dialecto parlate in Afghanistan) o Fārsi-ye-Dari, pote ser classificate linguisticamente como un continuation de persa medie, le lingua religiose e litterari official de Persia Sassanian, que era un continuation de persa ancian, le lingua del Imperio Persian in le era Achaemenid.  Persa es un lingua pluricentric e su grammatica simula illo de multe linguas europee contemporari.Richard Davis, “Persian” in Josef W. Meri, Jere L. Bacharach, “Medieval Islamic Civilization”, Taylor & Francis, 2006. Ppg 602-603.  “The grammar of New Persian is similar to many contemporary European languages.” “Persian has, in general, confined its borrowings from Arabic to lexical items, and its morphology is relatively unaffected by the influence of Arabic, being confined to a few conventions such as (usually optional) use of Arabic plurals for Arabic-derived words (as an English speaker may use Latin plurals for Latin loan words in English)...  Similarly, the core vocabulary of Persian continued to be derived from Pahlavi, but Arabic lexical items predominated for more abstract or abstruse subjects and often replaced their Persian equivalents in polite discourse.” Persa ha essite un medio pro contributiones litterari e scientific al parte oriental del mundo islamic.

Persa habeva un influentia significante al linguas in proximitate geographic, in particular altere linguas iranic que vicina lo; le linguas turchic in Asia Central, le Caucaso, e Anatolia; e etiam armenio, arabe e altere linguas. Illo habeva anque un influentia forte al linguas de  Asia del sud, specialmente urdu, e alsi hindi, punjabi, sindhi, saraiki, sylheti, e bengali.Professor. Gilbert Lazard, : The language known as New Persian, which usually is called at this period (early Islamic times) by the name of Dari or Parsi-Dari, can be classified linguistically as a continuation of Middle Persian, the official religious and literary language of Sassanian Iran, itself a continuation of Old Persian, the language of the Achaemenids. Unlike the other languages and dialects, ancient and modern, of the Iranian group such as Avestan, Parthian, Soghdian, Kurdish, Balochi, Pashto, etc., Old Middle and New Persian represent one and the same language at three states of its history. It haed its origin in Fars (the true Persian kintra frae the historical point o view) an is differentiatit bi dialectical features, still easy recognisable frae the dialect prevailin in north-wastren an eastren Iran in (Lazard, Gilbert 1975, “The Rise of the New Persian Language” in Frye, R. N., The Cambridge History of Iran, Vol. 4, pp. 595–632, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Lazard, Gilbert, "Pahlavi, Pârsi, dari: Les langues d'Iran d'apès Ibn al-Muqaffa" in R.N. Frye, "Iran and Islam. In Memory of the late Vladimir Minorsky", Edinburgh University Press, 1971.Ann K. S. Lambton, "Persian grammar", Cambridge University Press, Cambridge University Press 1953. Excerpt: "The Arabic words incorporated into the Persian language have become Persianized".


Categoria:Persa

Categoria:Linguas

Categoria:Linguas indoeuropee

Categoria:Iran