Chuunti

Chuunti ek chhota kirwa hae jon ki ground ke niche barraa jhund me rahe hae. Lagbhag 22,000 rakam ke chuunti hae. Chuunti social jiu hae Formicidae  palwaar ke, jon barre aur madhmakkhi ke saathe Hymenoptera order me hae. Chuunti vespoid wasp se Cretaceous jamaana me evolve bhae rahin. Chuunti ke uske elbowed antenna aur node like structure se identify karaa jaawe hae.

Chuunti colonies banae hae jon size me kuchh darjan ek chhotaa cavity me rahe hae se organised colonies jon barraa jagha occupy kare hae aur jisme ek barraa nest rahe hae jisme kkuchh million chuunti rahe hae, aur ii kabhi-kabhi hundreds of millions hoe jaae hae jiske super colony bola jaawe hae. Ek colony me dher cast rahe hae, jisme sterile bina pankhaa waala females, jisme se jaada majuur rahe hae, aur sipaahi aur duusra specialised group rahe hae. Lagbhagsab chuunti ke colony me kuchh fertile males, jiske "drones" bola jaawe hae, aur ek, nai to jaada female, jiske raani bola jaawe hae, rahe hae. Ii colony ke superorganism bola jaawe hae, kaaheki chuunti log ek unified entity ke rakam kaam kare hae.

Chuunti, dunia ke lagbhag sab cintinent aur island me paawa jaawe hae. Ek jagh jahaan pe chuunti nai hae, Antarctica hae, aur kuchh duur ujaarr jagha ke chhorr ke. Chuunti bhiijaa, garam jagha me achchhaa kare hae aur iske biomass chirriyaa aur jaanwar se jaada hae. Chuunti ke  dher mausam me achchhaa kare ke kaaran uske smajik organisation, uske kabliyat chij ke badle ke, nawaa resources ke kaam me laae ke aur apne ke defend kare  ke khaatir. Iske lambaa evolution, duusra species ke saathe,  ke kaaran ii mimetic, commensal, parasitic aur mutualistic relationship develop karis hae.

Chuunti ke samaj me kaam ke baata jaawe hae, ek duusre se communicate kare hae, aurkarraa problem ke solve kare hae. Ii insaan ke samaj ke rakam hae aur iske baare me dher adhyan karaa gais hae.Dher insaan  ke sanskriti me chuunti ke khaawa jaae hae, dawai ke khaatir kaam me laawa jae hae aur dharmik kaam me bhi laawa jaae hae. Kuch chuunti ke species ke biological pest control ke khaatir kaam me laawa jaawe hae. Chuunti ke koi resource ke aapan kaam me laawe ke kaaran uske insaan se conflict hoe hae, aur uu kheti ke naas kare hae aur ghar ke barbaad jkare hae. Chuunti ke kuchh species, jaise "fire ant" ke invasive species maana jaawe hae.

Taxonomy aur evolution
Formicidae, Hymenoptera order ke hae. jisme sawflies, madhmakkhi aur barre hae. Chuunti stinging wasp se evolve bhae rahin aur ek 2013 ke adhyan ii dekhae hae ki ii Apoidea ke sister grouphae. However, since Apoidea is a superfamily, ants must be upgraded to the same rank.

 References 

 Duusra websites 
 Macro photos - images of ants 

Category:Kirwa