Isaac Newton

Sir Isaac Newton (4 January 1643 – 31 March 1727) ek English physicist aur mathematician rahaa. Uu motion, optics, gravity, aur calculus me kaam kare khatir jaana jaawe hae. Uske janam Lincolnshire, England me bhais rahaa. Uu aapan parrhai The King's School, Grantham me suruu karis rahaa. Kuchh saal ke baad uske maiya uske ghare balae ke khet me kaam me lagae diis. Lekin uske teacher uske school laute ke chirauri karis aur uu ek saal baad school laut gais.  Baad me uu Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica likhis jon ki kaafi famous bhaes.

Bachpan ke din
Isaac Newton ke janam  Woolsthorpe Manor, Woolsthorpe-by-Colsterworth, Lincolnshire me 4 January 1643 me bhais rahaa. Uske pitaji, jiske naam bhi Isaac Newton rahaa ke maut Newton ke janam se tiin mahina pahile hoe gais rahaa. Jab Newton tiin saal ke rahaa tab uske maiyaa fir se saadi kar liis, Reverend Barnabas Smith se, aur Newton ke aapan miyaa ke lage chhorr ke uu aapan nawaa admi ke lage rahe lagii. Newton aapan step-pitaji ke pasand nai karat rahaa. Newton ke maiyaa ke tiin aur larrkan uske duusra saadi se bhais rahaa. 

The King's School
12 saal ke umar se, 17 saal ke umar talak, Newton ke parrhai, Grantham me The King's Schoo me bhais rahaa, jahaan pe uu Latin, puraana Greek bhasa aur mathematics parrhis rahaa."Newton the Mathematician" Z. Bechler, ed., Contemporary Newtonian Research(Dordrecht 1982) pp. 110–111 Uske maiyaa, uske ii school se nikaal ke, October 1659 me, Woolsthorpe-by-Colsterworth me fir se karis. Uske maiyaa, jiske duusra admii bhi mar gais rahaa, Newton ke ek kisan banae ke kosis karis rahaa, jiske Newton pasand nai karat rahaa. The King's School ke master, Henry Stokes aur Newton ke Uncle uske maiyaa ke , Newton ke fir se school bheje ke, persuade karis. School ke bully se badlaa le ke khaatir, Newton aapan claas ke top karis, aur ek sundial aur windmill ke model bhi banais.

 University of Cambridge 
June 1661 me, Newton University of Cambridge me bharti bhais. University me uu aapan fees valet duty kar ke bharis, jab talak, 1664 me, uske scholarship nai milaa. Ii scholarship uske university ke kharchaa ke chaar aur saal talak cover karis, jabtak uske Master of Arts ke degree nai milaa. Uu time Cotleambridge ke parrhai, Aristotle pe based rahaa, jiske Newton parrhis, aur modern philosopher, jaise  René Descartes aur astronomers jaise Galileo Galilei aur Thomas Street ke bhi parrhis rahaa. 1665 me Newton binomial theorem ke paais aur ek mathematical theory ke develop karis jon baad me calculus hoe gais. Cabridge me BA ke parrhai ke kuchh din baad University ke band kar dewa gais rahaa, Grest Plague ke kaaran.

Jab ki Newton ke parrhai, Cambridge me bahut acchhaa nai rahaa, uske aapan parrhai, uske Bachelors degree ke baad ke, "the richest and most productive ever experienced by a scientist" bataawa gais hae. Agle dui saal me uu calculus ke theories, optics aur [[law of gravitation] ke develop karis rahaa, aapan ghare Woolsthorpe me. Physicist, Louis T. More ii bolis rahaa ki, "itihaas me achievement ke aur koi namuuna nai hae jon Newton se ii dui saal me achievement se compare kare sake.

April 1667 me, Newton laut ke University of Cambridge gais, aur October me uske fellow of Trinity chuna gais rahaa. Fellows ke "holy orders" le ke parrat rahaa aur Anglican padri ordain karat rahaa, lekin iske Stuart Restoration ke time enforce nai karaa jaawat rahaa aur khaai ii bole ke ki uu Church of England ke hae sufficient rahaa. Ii time talak Newton dharam ke baare me bahut nai sochis rahaa aur dui dafe "Thirty-nine Articles" ke agreement, jon Church of England ke doctrine ke basus rahaa, ke sign karis rahaa. 1675  talak ii isse ke bagal nai karaa jaae sakaa aur uke "unconvwntional" view uske tarrakki ke rasta me rahaa. 

References

Category:England ke log
Category:Mathematicians
Category:Physicists