Mexico

Mexico, North America ke ek des hae. Mexico ke north me United States aur south me Guatemala aur Belize hae. Mexico, Pacific Ocean aur Gulf of Mexico ke biich me hae.

Mexico ke jaada log Spanish bhasa me baat kare hae. Kuch Mexican log, Native American bhasa, jaise ki Nahuatl, Maya, aur Zapotec me bhi baat kare hae. Mexico ke capital Mexico City hae.

 Geography 
Mexico, North America ke south hissa me hae aur iske shape triangle ke rakam hae. Mexico 3000 km (1,850 miles) lamba hae. Mexico ke west me Pacific Ocean, east me Gulf of Mexico aur Caribbean Sea hae. Mexico me dui barraa peninsula hae, Baja California, northwest me aur, aur Yucatan, Southeast me. Central aur western Mexico me Sierra Madre pahaarr hae jisme Mexico ke sab se uuncha pahaarr, Pico de Orizaba hae. Mexico ke biich me volcano, jaise ki Popocatépetl aur Iztaccíhuatl hae. Mexico ke north me desert hae aur south me tropical rainforest hae. Mexico ke kuchh naddii hae Rio Grande, Río Grijalvat, Río Balsas, Río Pánuco, aur Río Yaqui.

 People 

Mexico uu des hae jhaan pe sab jaada log Spanish bhasa me baat kare hae. Ii duusra sab se barraa Latin American des hae. Mexicao ke 60% log ke duuno Native American aur European forefathers hae , aur ii logan ke mestizo bolaa jaae hae. Mexico ke 15% log pure Native American aur 10% log goraa hae. Mexico ke jaada log Roman Catholic (89%) hae lekin 6% Protestant hae.

Itihaas
Mexico ke sab se purana chij Valley of Mexico ke nagiich patthar ke hathyaar ke  hissa mila hae jiske "carbon dating" se 10,000 saal puraana bataawa gais hae. Mexico uu jagha hae jahaan pe makai, tamaatar aur bean ke pahila dafe boyaa gais rahaa aur isse "hunter-gatherers", 5000 BC talak, kisan ban ke gaon me rahe lagin.
Iske baad dharmik sanskriti bhi barraa aur ek number system banaawa gais. Ii samay, gaon ke abaadi aur barr gais aur social classes develop bhais aur gaon chief ke niche aais. Sab se taagatwar chief log ke lage dharmik aur rajnitik taagat rahaa jisse uulog ceremony ke khaatir imaarat banais.

Sab se puraana complex culture Mexico ke Gulf Coast me 1500 BC banaa. Ii jagha se ii sanskriti duusra jagha pe failaa. Mexico me chhe khaas jagha rahaa jahaan pe civilization develop bhais rahaa. Baad me Maya aur Zapotec civilization Calakmul aur Alban me complex centres banaay rahin. Ii civilization  sab se jaada develop bhais jab ek likhe ke dhang ke develop karaa gais rahaa. 1521 me, Spanish conquest ke baad native log duuno alphabet aur chhaapa se likhat rahin.Restall, Matthew, "A History of the New Philology and the New Philology in History", Latin American Research Review - Volume 38, Number 1, 2003, pp.113–134

Central Mexico me classical period me Teotihuacan log raj karat rahin aur ek military aur commercial empire ke banain, jiske abaadi 150,000 rahaa. Iske baad Aztec culture barrha aur uu log central Mexico me raaj karat rahin.

Spain February me Aztec Empire ke conquest ke suruu karis aur ek city, Veracruz ke banais, 1521 me Aztec eke capital ke lae ke huan pe Mexico City banais aur Spain ke 300 saal ke raj suruu bhais. Dui kaaran se Spain Mexico ke aapan niche kare maangat rahaa. Pahila rahaa ki huan ke achchhaa se developed society easy se majduur ke de sakat rahaa aur duusra hae ki huan pe dher silver rahaa. Lockhart, James and Stuart B. Schwartz. Early Latin America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1983, 59 

Jagha
Maxico, latitudes 14° aur 33°N, aur longitudes 86° aur 119°W ke biich me North America ke southern ilaaka me hae. Iske area  hae aur ii dunia ke 13th sab se barra des hae (area ke mutabik). Iske coast Pacific Ocean, Gulf of California, Gulf of Mexico aur Caribbean Sea se hae. Lagbhag sab Mexico North American Plate me hae, aur ek chhotaa hissa Baja California peninsula me hae. Kuch bidwaan log Mexico ke east ke territory ke Central America ke hissa maane hae. Politically Mexico ke Canada aur America ke saathe, North America ke hissa maana jaae hae.

Mausam
right}|}thumb|Mexico ke climate waala chhaapa
Mexico me dher rakam ke mausam hae. Tropic of Cancer, des ke Temperate aur tropical zone me divide kare hae. Tropic of Cancer ke north me winter ke time thandaa rahe hae. Tropic of Cancer ke south me temperature jaada kar ke ekke rakam rahe hae, lekin uuncha jagha thandaa rahe hae. Iske kaaran Mexico me dher rakam ke mausam rahe hae. Samundar ke hawaa ke kaaran May se August talak paani barse hae. Mexico ke dher jagha, khaas kar ke north me, jhuuura rahe hae, jab ki lowlands me average me  paani barse hae. Mexico me saat rakam ke mausam hae. "ATLAS / ATMOSFERA"  "SEMARNAT", retrieved on October 10, 2024.. Mexico ke south me 900 metres ke uunchai talak humid mausam rahe hae. Des ke north me desert ke rakam mausam hae.

Jaanwar
Dunia ke sab des me se Mexico me chauthaa sab se jaada rakam ke jaanwar hae. Hian pe 200,00 se jaada species ke jaamwar hae jon dunia ke 10-12% hae.  Mexico me sab se jaada rakam ke reptile hae.

 Chapa ke gallery 

References


vibhag:Latin America
vibhag:OAS ke member
vibhag:Spanish bhasa waala des