Ek Ishwarwaad

Ek Ishwarwaad ((Monotheism) me khaali ek bhagwaan, nai to khaas sevtaa me biswas karaa jaawe hae.Cross, F.L.; Livingstone, E.A., eds. (1974). "Monotheism". The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (2 ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Ekmaatr monotheism me khaali ek bhagwaan rahe hae , aur koi devta nai. Pluriform monotheism me dher devtaa rahe hae lekin ii sab ke ek bhagwaan ke dher ruup maana jaae hae.

Monotheism, "henitheism" se different hae, kaaheki isme ek biswas kare waala ek bhagwaan me biswas kare hae lekin ii maane hae ki duusre log jon bhagwaan me biswas kare hae uu ekke chij hae. "Monolatrism" me sher detaa me biswas karaa jaae hae lekin khaali ek ke puja jaae hae.Frank E. Eakin, Jr. The Religion and Culture of Israel (Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1971), 70. Monolatry sabd ke sab se pahile Julius Wellhausen kaam me laais rahaa.

Ek Ishwarwaad me Atenism, Babism, Bahá'í Faith aur Isai Dharam me biswas karaa jaae hae. Catholic Encyclopoedia, Isai dharam me monothism ke confirm kare hae. 

Itihaas
Iron-Age ke samay, South Asia ke Vedic jamaana, me monotheism ke bagal jhukao rahaa. Rigveda me [ Brahman]] bhagwaan maana jaae hae. Baad ke Hindu biswas dher bhagwaan me biswas hae lekin ek supreme Brahman hae.

China me Shang dynasty (1766 BC) se abhi talak ek bhagwaan me biswas karaa jaae hae.Homer H. Dubs, "Theism and Naturalism in Ancient Chinese Philosophy", Philosophy of East and West, Vol. 9, No. 3/4, 1959 

6th century BC se Zoroastrian log ek bhagwaan, Ahura Mazda, me biswas kare hae.

6th century BC me Judaism me ek bhagwaan me biswas karaa jaat rahaa.

Ilaaka
Africa
Eastern Africa
200px|thumb|Nile Valley ke log Bhagwaan "Waaq" ke thank kare hae
Nile valley ke log 5000 BC me "Waaq", ek aasmaan ke Bhagwaan, ke puja karat rahin. Jab ii log south ke bagal nigrate bhain tab ii logan ii biswas ke rakhe rahin, jaise aaj kal ke Masai, lekin ii biswas ke "ancestor worship" aur spirits me biswas ke saathe puja karaa jaawat rahaa.  Dher Nilotic bhasa me baat kare waala log puraana ek Bhagwaan me biswas kare waala log se decendant hae.Prendergast, Mary E.; Lipson, Mark; Sawchuk, Elizabeth A.; Olalde, Iñigo; Ogola, Christine A.; Rohland, Nadin; Sirak, Kendra A.; Adamski, Nicole; Bernardos, Rebecca; Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen; Callan, Kimberly; Culleton, Brendan J.; Eccles, Laurie; Harper, Thomas K.; Lawson, Ann Marie (5 July 2019). "Ancient DNA reveals a multistep spread of the first herders into sub-Saharan Africa". Science. 365 (6448). doi:10.1126/science.aaw6275. ISSN 0036-8075. PMC 6827346. PMID 31147405Wang, Ke; Goldstein, Steven; Bleasdale, Madeleine; Clist, Bernard; Bostoen, Koen; Bakwa-Lufu, Paul; Buck, Laura T.; Crowther, Alison; Dème, Alioune; McIntosh, Roderick J.; Mercader, Julio; Ogola, Christine; Power, Robert C.; Sawchuk, Elizabeth; Robertshaw, Peter (12 June 2020). "Ancient genomes reveal complex patterns of population movement, interaction, and replacement in sub-Saharan Africa". Science Advances. 6 (24). doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz0183. ISSN 2375-2548. PMC 7292641. PMID 32582847
Horn of Africa ke  ke dher log yahi sankriti ke rahin lekin aaj kar Islam nai to [Isai dharam]] ke maane hae.Mire, Sada (5 February 2020). Divine Fertility. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-429-76925-2

Puraana Egypt
Atenism
1348/1346BC me Atenism ke Egypt me suruu karaa gais rahaa. Isme Aten, surya bhgwaan ke sab se barraa Bhagwaan maana jaawat rahaa.

Americas
Native American dharam
Native American dharam ek ishwarwaad, dher bhagwaan me biswas, henotheistic, animistic, nai to ii sab ke koi combination rahat rahaa. Jaise Cherokee dharam Ek ishwarwaad aur pantheist rahaa.

Ek barraa aatma (spirit) jiske  Sioux log "Wakan Tanka" bole hae aur "Gitche Manitou" jon Algonquian bhasa me ek "supreme being" hae, Canada aur America ke natives me common hae. Thomas, Robert Murray. Manitou and God: North-American Indian Religions and Christian Culture. Greenwood Publishing Group, 2007.  pg 35. Lakota log ke anusaar "Wakan Tanka" ke matlab "Great Mystery" hae.Means, Robert. Where White Men Fear to Tread: The Autobiography of Russell Means. Macmillan, 1995.  pg 241.

Aztec pandit aur barra admi log  ii nischay pe aae rahin ki Toet ek universal force hae jiske dher ruup hae. 

Asia
South Asia
Hinduism
Ek puraana dharam hoe ke anusaar Hinduism dharmik concept ke inherit karis hae jisme polytheism, panentheism, pantheism, monism, aur atheism hae.  aur iske Bhagwaan ke concept complex hae aur individual ke uppar nirbhar hae. 

Rig Veda 1.164.46,

"Uulog iske Indra, Mitra, Varuṇa, Agni, aur swarag ke nobly-winged Garuda.
Jon chij ek hae, gyani log dher s give manaam de hae, aur iske  Agni, Yama, Mātariśvan bola jaae hae." (trans. Griffith)

Sikhism
Sikhism ek Bhagwaan me biswas kare waala dharam hae and a revealed religion. Sikhism me Bhagwaan ke Akal Purakh bola jaae hae (jiske matlab "The Immortal Being") nai to Vāhigurū (Wondrous Enlightener) hae.

 Duusra websites 
 Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

References

vibhag:E
Category:Dharam