Literacy

Literacy ke maane hae ki koi jan parrhe aur likhe sake hae ki nai. Kuchh gyaani log ii sujhao de hae ki "literacy" ke parrhai ke dui time me baataa jaae sake hae: ii hai 1950 se pahile ke jamaana, jab literacy ke khaali sabd (word) aur akchhar (letter) samajhnaa, maana jaawat rahaa; aur 1950 ke baad ke jamaana, jab literacy me aur chij jorra gias hae jaise parrhe aur likhe ke sankriti aur samaj. aur "functional literacy".


Definition
upright=1.2|thumb|Dunia ke illiteracy 1970 aur 2015 ke biich me aadha hoe gais hae.
upright=1.2|thumb|Dunia ke literate aur illiterate abaadi, 1800 aur 2016 ke biich me

1990 se literacy ke dher definition jiske sarkari aur gaer-sarkari sanstha de hae, ii suggest kare hae ki literacy ke jaada "social practice"  aur kamtii "discrete skill" samjha jaae hae. Kuch definition me likhe aur parrhe ke importance dewa jaae hae aur kuchh aur boader view le hae:
 2003 ke National Assessment of Adult Literacy (USA) me number jorre aur manipulate kare ke chhamtta ke literacy me milaawa gais rahaa. Isme tiin rakam ke barraa jan ke literacy hae: newspaper parrhe ke, bus ke timetable parrhe ke, advertisement ke parrhe ke ability.
 2015 me United Nations Statistics Division larrkan ke literacy ke ii rakam define karis, "Des ke abaadi ke 15 se 24 saal ke log jon parrhe aur likhe sake hae chhota-chhota statement har log ke jindagi ke baare me."
 2016 me "European Literacy Policy Network", literacy ke ii rakam se define karis hae: "Print aur electronic media ke parrhe aur likhe ke ability.
 2018 me UNESCO me literacy ke definition me chaapa aur likha gais chij ke bhi include karaa gaiss rahaa.
 2019 me OECD likha gais text ke definition me include karis.

Dunia ke des ke literacy

Asia
 Des Barraa jan ke literacy rate Larrkan ke literacy rate(15–24) Afghanistan 43% (2020) 65% (2020) Bangladesh 72.76 (2016) 92.24% (2016) China 96.7% (2015) India 74.04% (2011) 89.6% (2015) Iran Unclear Laos Unclear Nepal 67.5% (2007) 89.9% (2015) Pakistan 58% (2017) 75.6% (2015) Philippines 91.6% (2019) Sri Lanka 92.63% (2015) 98% (2015)

Afghanistan
UNESCO ke ausaar Afghanistan uu des hae jisme dunia bahr ke des me sab se kamtii literacy hae. 2020 me hian pe 10 million lig parrhe likhe nai sakat rahin. Lekin 2016 se des me kuchh tarakki bhais hae. Jab ke 2016-2017 me literacy rate 34.8% rahaa, UNESCO ii batais hae ki iske baad ii barr ke 43% hoe gais hae aur 15 se 24 saal ke larkan me ii narr ke 65% hoe gais hae.

Jab ki larrka aur admii log ke literacy rate 55% hae, tab larrki aur aurat ke literacy rate khaali 29.8% hae. 2012 se UNESCO hian pe literacy sudhare ke khaatir madat kare hae.

Literacy ke sudhare ke khaatir UsS military Afghan Army me join kare waala log ke baduuk shalae ke sikhe se pahile parrhe aur likhe sikhaat rahin, aur iske kaaran 65% recruits literate hae. 

China

References

vibhag:L
Category:Parrhai likhai