Republic of Ireland

Ireland, Europe ke ek des hae jon ki European Union ke member hae. Iske official naam Republic of Ireland hae. Ii des Ireland ke island ke five-sixths area me hae. Baaki jagah me Northern Ireland hae jon ki abhi talak United Kingdom ke bhaag hae. Iske capital Dublin hae aur duusra sab se barraa city, Cork hae. Ireland ke abaadi 5.3 million hae. Hian ke khaas bhasa English hae lekin The Irish bhasa ke school me parrhawa jaae hae aur kuch rural area me ii bhasa me baat karaa jaae hae. Irish aur English, duuno ii des ke official bhasa hae.

 Itihaas 
British log Ireland me 1100s se hae Normans aur native Gaelic ke saathe. Ireland, kanuni taur pe ek alag des rahaa, aapan parliament rakh ke (jiske member log jaada kar ke English rahin) aur iske aapan raja raha. (jon ki England ke bhi raja rahaaa). 1801 se 1922 tak Britain aur Ireland ke jorr ke ek des banae dewa gais rahaa aur iske United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (UK) bola jawat rahaa.

Irish bhasa ke officially nai kaam me lawa jawat rahaa aur ii kaaran se Irish sankriti kamjor hoe gais. Jaada Irish log ajaaadi mmangat rahin lekin British Government sab taagat London me rakhis rahaa.

1916 me Easter Monday ke din ek chhota rebel army jiske Irish patriot, Pádraig Pearse lead karis rahaa, sarkar ke palte ke kosis karis. Ii logan ke lage bahut kamtii banduuk aur goli rahaa aur British army ii logan ke capture kar ke faansi pe charrhae diis. 1919 se Irish Republican Armu, jiske General Michael Collins lead karat rahaa, ek gorrila war Ireland me British army ke virod me larris. British Government veteran soldiers, jiske "Black and Tans" bola jawat rahaa, ke Ireland bhejis. Ii log dher atrocities karin. British Government ek peace treaty offer karis jisme Northern Ireland, United Kingdom ke bhaag rahtaa aur ii island ke bachaa bhaag ajaad hoe jaata. Michael Collins iske for rahaa lekin duusra leader, jaise ki Éamon de Valera, iske virod karis aur Ireland me civil war suruu hoe gais.

1937 me Irish Free State ("Éire" ajaad bhaes. World War II me ii des neutral rahaa. 1955 me Ireland United Nations ke join karis aur 1973 me ii European Union ke member banaa.

 Politics 

Ireland ek parliamentary democracy hae . Iske head of State President hae, jiske har saat saal pe chuna jaae hae. Ek President khali dui term talak rahe sake hae. President ke lage bahut kamti taagat hae.

Prime minister ke parliament chune hae aur ii sab se barraa party se aawe hae. Parliamt me dui houses hae.

Ii des ke khaas political parties hae Fianna Fail, Fine Gael, Labour, Sinn Féin, Green Party aur Progressive Democrats.

 Chapa ke gallery 


vibhag:European Union ke member
vibhag:English bhasa waala des