भारतीय स्वतंत्रता के प्रथम संग्राम का घटनाक्रम

यहाँ भारतीय स्वतंत्रता के प्रथम संग्राम की प्रमुख घटनाएँ एवं उनकी तिथियाँ दी गयीं हैं।

कालक्रम
1857
 १८५७ की घटनाएँ तिथि घटना

  26 फरवरी  बहरामपुर के १९वीं इन्फैन्ट्री के सिपाहियों ने रायफल चलाने का अभ्यास करने से मना कर दिया। 29 मार्च  At Barrackpore, in Bengal, Mangal Pandey wounds two British mutiny of 34th Native Infantry 31 March  19th Native Infantry disbanded . 8 अप्रैल  मंगल पाण्डे को फांसी दी गयी 24 April Troopers of the 3rd Bengal Light Cavalry at Meerut refuse orders to fire greased cartridges 2 May  Unrest at Ambala, 48th Mutiny at Lucknow 6 May Part of the 34th Native Infantry disbanded at Barrackpore8 May Troops of the 3rd Bengal Light Cavalry found guilty by court-martial and given severe sentences 10 May  Mutiny and Murders at Meerut, troops head towards Delhi 11 May  Europeans, and Christians slaughtered in Delhi13 May Bahadur Shah II proclaimed new Mughal emperor. British disarm the garrison at Lahore 17 May Delhi Field Force, under George Anson, advances from Ambala 22 May  Peshawar garrison disarmed 20-23 May  Part of 9th Native Infantry mutiny at Agra27 May Anson dies of cholera;replaced by Major-General Sir Henry Barnard 30 May  Mutinies at Muttra and Lucknow 31 May  Rohilkhand and Bhurtpore Army mutinies 5 June  Cawnpore 2nd Cavalry Mutinies 6 June  Cawnpore Siege begins, Mutiny at Allahabad 7 June  Wilson and Barnard meet at Alipur 8 June  Battle of Badli-ki-Serai; Massacre at Jhansi 11 June  Lucknow Police rebel; Neill arrives at Allahabad 25 June  Nana Sahib offers terms at Cawnpore 27 June  Satichaura Ghat Massacre at Cawnpore 30 June  British defeat at Chinhat; Lucknow Residency besieged 1 July  इन्दौर में विद्रोह 2 July  Arrival of Bakht Khan at Delhi 4 July  Sir Henry Lawrence dies at Lucknow 5 July  General Barnard dies of cholera;Major-General Thomas Reed succeeds as commander of the Delhi Field Force 7 July  Havelock's force leaves for Cawnpore12 July Brigadier-General Sir Henry Havelock defeats rebels at Fatehpur, en route to Cawnpore15 July  Massacre of women and children in the Bibighar at Cawnpore.15 July Havelock defeats rebels at Aong and Pandu Nadi, near Cawnpore. 16 July  Nana Sahib defeated in first battle for Cawnpore17 July Sir Archdale Wilson replaces the ailing Reed as commander of the Delhi Field Force 27 July  Siege of Arrah starts 29 July  Havelock's victory at Unao 30 July  First relief of Arrah fails 31 July Lord Canning issues his controversial 'Clemency' resolution, by which he advises against the execution of mutineers not convicted of murder 3 August  Siege of Arrah ends after action by Major Vincent Eyre 5 August  Havelock's victory at Bashiratganj 13 August  Havelock withdrawal to Cawnpore ;Colin Campbell, Anson's successor as Commander-in-Chief of India,arrives at Calcutta 14 August  John Nicholson arrives at Delhi Ridge 16 August  Havelock victory at Bithur 17 August  Major William Hobson defeats a large body of rebel cavalry near Rohtak 4 September Siege train, proceeding from Punjab, arrives in the British camp outside Delhi 5 September  Sir James Outram's arrival at Cawnpore 14 September  Wilson's assault on Delhi begins, Nicholson wounded 19 September  Havelock and Outram march to Lucknow 20 September  Delhi captured and cleared of rebel troops 21 September  William Hodson captures King of Delhi 22 September  Hodson executes Mughal princes 23 September  Nicholson dies of wounds 25 September  First relief of Lucknow 10 October  Agra mutineers defeated 9 November  Kavanagh escapes from Lucknow 14-17 November Second relief of Lucknow by Campbell 19 November  Women and children evacuated from Lucknow 22 November  British withdraw from Lucknow 24 November  Havelock dies of dysentery 26-28 November Windham defeated at second battle of Cawnpore 28-30 NovemberCampbell reaches Cawnpore to join Windham 6 December  Tantia Tope defeated at third battle of CawnporeSources: www.britishempire.co.uk and Saul David, The Indian Mutiny

1858
१८५८ की घटनाएँ तिथि घटना 6 January     Campbell reoccupies Fategarh 16 January   Hugh Rose begins campaign in central India February     Campbell opens separate campaign for reconquest of Oudh 3 February    Rose relieves Saugor after a seven-month siege 2 March       Campbell returns to Lucknow 21 March      Last rebels removed from Lucknow 1 April       Dividing his force,Rose defeats a numerically superior army under Tatya Tope on the river Betwa 3 April       Jhansi captured and sacked 15 April      Walpole defeated at Ruiya 23 April      Rose enters Kalpi 5 May         Campbell victory at Bareilly 7 May         Rose defeats large force under Tantia Topi and the Rani of Jhansi at Kutch 22 May        Rose wins at Kalpi;end of operations in Rohilkhand; start of guerrilla warfare28 May         Rao Sahib, Tantia Topi, the Rani of ]hansi and the Nawab of Banda enter Gwalior State with the remnants of their force and seize Gwalior on 1 June 5 June        Death of the Maulvi 12 June       James Hope Grant wins at Nawabganj in the final decisive battle in Oudh 17 June       Battle of Kotah-ki-Serai, death of Rani of Jhansi 19 June       Battle of Gwalior2 August       Queen Victoria approves bill transferring administration of India from the East India Company
to the Crown 1 November    Royal Proclamation replacing East India Company with British Government and offering unconditional pardon to all not involved in murder or the protection of murderersSource: www.britishempire.co.uk

1859
Events of  1859 Date Event 4 January     Various Oudh leaders, including Nana Sahib, forced into the Nepal Terai by Hope Grant7 January      Operations in Oudh declared officially over. 29 March      Bahadur Shah found guilty 7 April       Tatya Tope betrayed to the British, 18 April      Tatya Tope executed. 8 July  Peace officially declared.Source: www.britishempire.co.uk

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