मानक इलेक्ट्रोड विभव

साम्यावस्था में अर्ध सेलों (हाफ सेल) के एलेक्ट्रोड विभव को मानक इलेक्ट्रोड विभव (standard electrode potentials) कहते हैं। जब तत्वो को उनके मानक अपचयन विभव के आरोही क्रम मे व्यवस्थित करते हैं तो इस प्रकार प्राप्त हुइ श्रेणी विद्युत रासायनिक श्रेणी कहलाती है।

इनका उपयोग विद्युतरासायनिक सेल (electrochemical cell) (गैल्वानिक सेल) का विभव ज्ञात करने के लिये किया जा सकता है। इसके अलावा इनका उपयोग किसी विद्युतरासायनिक रिडॉक्स (redox) अभिक्रिया के साम्य की स्थिति का पता करने के लिये किया जा सकता है। अर्थात् इसकी सहायता से यह पता कर सकते हैं कि ऊष्मागतिकी की दृष्टि से किसी विद्युतरासायनिक अभिक्रिया की गति की दिशा क्या होगी।Milazzo, G., Caroli, S., and Sharma, V. K. (1978). Tables of Standard Electrode Potentials (Wiley, Chichester).Bard, A. J., Parsons, R., and Jordan, J. (1985). Standard Potentials in Aqueous Solutions (Marcel Dekker, New York).Bratsch, S. G. (1989). Journal of Physical Chemistry Reference Data Vol. 18, pp. 1–21.Vanýsek, Petr (2007). “Electrochemical Series” , in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics: 88th Edition  (Chemical Rubber Company).
Bard, A.J., Faulkner, L.R.(2001). Electrochemical Methods. Fundamentals and Applications, 2nd edition (John Wiley and Sons Inc).Marcel Pourbaix (1966). Atlas of Electrochemical Equilibria in Aqueous Solutions (NACE International, Houston, Texas; Cebelcor, Brussels).Peter Atkins (1997). Physical Chemistry, 6th edition (W.H. Freeman and Company, New York).

नीचे की सूची में मानक एलेक्ट्रोड विभव वोल्ट में दिये हुए हैं। ये विभव मानक हाइड्रोजन एलेक्ट्रोड (standard hydrogen electrode) के सापेक्ष दिये हुए हैं।

सारणी में दर्शाये गये विभव के मान निम्नलिखित स्थितियों में सत्य होंगे-
 तापमान : 298.15 K (25 °C);
 the effective concentration of 1 mol/L for each aqueous species or a species in a mercury amalgam;
 the partial pressure of 101.325 kPa (absolute) (1 atm, 1.01325 bar) for each gaseous reagent. This pressure is used because most literature data are still given for this value rather than for the current standard of 100 kPa.
 the activity of unity for each pure solid, pure liquid, or for water (solvent).

प्रतीक : (s) – ठोस; (l) – द्रव; (g) – गैस; (aq) – जलीय (aqueous) (default for all charged species); (Hg) – अमलगम (amalgam)

 अर्ध-अभिक्रिया E° (V)Ref.& -9Zz9 N2(g) + H+ + e−  HN3(aq) 	 Li+ + e−  Li(s) 	 N2(g) + 4H2O + 2e−  2NH2OH(aq) + 2OH− 	 Cs+ + e−  Cs(s) 	 Rb+ + e−  Rb(s) 	 K+ + e−  K(s) 	 Ba2+ + 2e−  Ba(s) 	 La(OH)3(s) + 3e−  La(s) + 3OH− 	 Sr2+ + 2e−  Sr(s) 	 Ca2+ + 2e−  Ca(s) 	 Eu2+ + 2e−  Eu(s) 	 Ra2+ + 2e−  Ra(s) 	 Na+ + e−  Na(s) 	 La3+ + 3e−  La(s) 	 Y3+ + 3e−  Y(s) 	 Mg2+ + 2e−  Mg(s) 	 ZrO(OH)2(s) + H2O + 4e−  Zr(s) + 4OH− 	 Al(OH)4− + 3e−  Al(s) + 4OH−  Al(OH)3(s) + 3e−  Al(s) + 3OH−  H2(g) + 2e−  2H−  Ac3+ + 3e−  Ac(s)  Be2+ + 2e−  Be(s)  U3+ + 3e−  U(s) 	 Al3+ + 3e−  Al(s) 	 Ti2+ + 2e−  Ti(s) 	 ZrO2(s) + 4H+ + 4e−  Zr(s) + 2H2O 	 Zr4+ + 4e−  Zr(s)  	 TiO(s) + 2H+ + 2e−  Ti(s) + H2O  Ti2O3(s) + 2H+ + 2e−  2TiO(s) + H2O  Ti3+ + 3e−  Ti(s)  Mn2+ + 2e−  Mn(s) 	 Te(s) + 2e−  Te2− 	 V2+ + 2e−  V(s) 	 Nb3+ + 3e−  Nb(s)  Sn(s) + 4H+ + 4e−  SnH4(g)  SiO2(s) + 4H+ + 4e−  Si(s) + 2H2O  B(OH)3(aq) + 3H+ + 3e−  B(s) + 3H2O  TiO2+ + 2H+ + 4e−  Ti(s) + H2O  Bi(s) + 3H+ + 3e−  BiH3  2H2O + 2e−  H2(g) + 2OH− 	 Zn2+ + 2e−  Zn(Hg) 	 Zn2+ + 2e−  Zn(s) 	 Ta2O5(s) + 10H+ + 10e−  2Ta(s) + 5H2O  Cr3+ + 3e−  Cr(s)  [Au(CN)2]− + e−  Au(s) + 2CN−  Ta3+ + 3e−  Ta(s)  PbO(s) + H2O + 2e−  Pb(s) + 2OH−  2TiO2(s) + 2H+ + 2e−  Ti2O3(s) + H2O  Ga3+ + 3e−  Ga(s)  U4+ + e−  U3+ 	 H3PO2(aq) + H+ + e−  P(whiteNot specified in the indicated reference, but assumed due to the difference between the value −0.454 and that computed by (2×−0.499 + −0.508) ÷ 3 = −0.502 exactly matching the difference between white and red phosphorus in equilibrium with phosphine.) + 2H2O 	 H3PO3(aq) + 2H+ + 2e−  H3PO2(aq) + H2O 	 H3PO3(aq) + 3H+ + 3e−  P(red) + 3H2O 	 Fe2+ + 2e−  Fe(s) 	 2CO2(g) + 2H+ + 2e−  HOOCCOOH(aq)  Cr3+ + e−  Cr2+  Cd2+ + 2e−  Cd(s) 	 GeO2(s) + 2H+ + 2e−  GeO(s) + H2O  Cu2O(s) + H2O + 2e−  2Cu(s) + 2OH− 	 PbSO4(s) + 2e−  Pb(s) + SO42− 	 PbSO4(s) + 2e−  Pb(Hg) + SO42− 	 Eu3+ + e−  Eu2+ 	 In3+ + 3e−  In(s) 	 Tl+ + e−  Tl(s) 	 Ge(s) + 4H+ + 4e−  GeH4(g)  Co2+ + 2e−  Co(s) 	 H3PO4(aq) + 2H+ + 2e−  H3PO3(aq) + H2O 	 V3+ + e−  V2+ 	 Ni2+ + 2e−  Ni(s)  As(s) + 3H+ + 3e−  AsH3(g)  MoO2(s) + 4H+ + 4e−  Mo(s) + 2H2O  Si(s) + 4H+ + 4e−  SiH4(g)  Sn2+ + 2e−  Sn(s)  O2(g) + H+ + e−  HO2•(aq)  Pb2+ + 2e−  Pb(s) 	 WO2(s) + 4H+ + 4e−  W(s) + 2H2O  P(red) + 3H+ + 3e−  PH3(g) 	 CO2(g) + 2H+ + 2e−  HCOOH(aq)  Se(s) + 2H+ + 2e−  H2Se(g)  CO2(g) + 2H+ + 2e−  CO(g) + H2O  SnO(s) + 2H+ + 2e−  Sn(s) + H2O  SnO2(s) + 2H+ + 2e−  SnO(s) + H2O  WO3(aq) + 6H+ + 6e−  W(s) + 3H2O 	 P(white) + 3H+ + 3e−  PH3(g) 	 HCOOH(aq) + 2H+ + 2e−  HCHO(aq) + H2O  2H+ + 2e−  H2(g)   0.0000	 ≡ 0 S4O62− + 2e−  2S2O32− +0.08 Fe3O4(s) + 8H+ + 8e−  3Fe(s) + 4H2O +0.085	 N2(g) + 2H2O + 6H+ + 6e−  2NH4OH(aq) +0.092 HgO(s) + H2O + 2e−  Hg(l) + 2OH− +0.0977 Cu(NH3)42+ + e−  Cu(NH3)2+ + 2NH3 +0.10	 Ru(NH3)63+ + e−  Ru(NH3)62+ +0.10	 N2H4(aq) + 4H2O + 2e−  2NH4+ + 4OH− +0.11	 H2MoO4(aq) + 6H+ + 6e−  Mo(s) + 4H2O +0.11 Ge4+ + 4e−  Ge(s) +0.12 C(s) + 4H+ + 4e−  CH4(g) +0.13	 HCHO(aq) + 2H+ + 2e−  CH3OH(aq) +0.13 S(s) + 2H+ + 2e−  H2S(g) +0.14 Sn4+ + 2e−  Sn2+ +0.15 Cu2+ + e−  Cu+ +0.159	 HSO4− + 3H+ + 2e−  SO2(aq) + 2H2O +0.16 UO22+ + e−  UO2+ +0.163	 SO42− + 4H+ + 2e−  SO2(aq) + 2H2O +0.17 TiO2+ + 2H+ + e−  Ti3+ + H2O +0.19 Bi3+ + 2e−  Bi<sup>+</sub> +0.2 SbO+ + 2H+ + 3e−  Sb(s) + H2O +0.20 H3AsO3(aq) + 3H+ + 3e−  As(s) + 3H2O +0.24 GeO(s) + 2H+ + 2e−  Ge(s) + H2O +0.26 UO2+ + 4H+ + e−  U4+ + 2H2O +0.273	 Re3+ + 3e−  Re(s) +0.300 Bi3+ + 3e−  Bi(s) +0.32 VO2+ + 2H+ + e−  V3+ + H2O +0.34 Cu2+ + 2e−  Cu(s) +0.340	 [Fe(CN)6]3− + e−  [Fe(CN)6]4− +0.36 O2(g) + 2H2O + 4e−  4OH−(aq) +0.40	 H2MoO4 + 6H+ + 3e−  Mo3+ + 2H2O +0.43 Bi+ + e−  Bi(s) +0.50 CH3OH(aq) + 2H+ + 2e−  CH4(g) + H2O +0.50 SO2(aq) + 4H+ + 4e−  S(s) + 2H2O +0.50 βNiOOH(s) + H2O + e−  βNi(OH)2(s) + OH−
(Alkaline batteries: Ni-Cd, Ni-MH, Ni-Zn...) +0.520	Inside the Nickel Metal Hydride Battery, John J.C. Kopera, Cobasys, 25 जून 2004 (eg). Cu+ + e−  Cu(s) +0.520	 CO(g) + 2H+ + 2e−  C(s) + H2O +0.52 I2(s) + 2e−  2I− +0.54	 I3− + 2e−  3I− +0.53	 [AuI4]− + 3e−  Au(s) + 4I− +0.56 H3AsO4(aq) + 2H+ + 2e−  H3AsO3(aq) + H2O +0.56 [AuI2]− + e−  Au(s) + 2I− +0.58 MnO4− + 2H2O + 3e−  MnO2(s) + 4OH− +0.59 S2O32− + 6H+ + 4e−  2S(s) + 3H2O +0.60 H2MoO4(aq) + 2H+ + 2e−  MoO2(s) + 2H2O +0.65 O2(g) + 2H+ + 2e−  H2O2(aq) +0.70 Tl3+ + 3e−  Tl(s) +0.72 PtCl62− + 2e−  PtCl42− + 2Cl− +0.726	 H2SeO3(aq) + 4H+ + 4e−  Se(s) + 3H2O +0.74 PtCl42− + 2e−  Pt(s) + 4Cl− +0.758	 Fe3+ + e−  Fe2+ +0.77 Ag+ + e−  Ag(s) +0.7996	 Hg22+ + 2e−  2Hg(l) +0.80 NO3−(aq) + 2H+ + e−  NO2(g) + H2O +0.80 [AuBr4]− + 3e−  Au(s) + 4Br− +0.85 Hg2+ + 2e−  Hg(l) +0.85 MnO4− + H+ + e−  HMnO4− +0.90 2Hg2+ + 2e−  Hg22+ +0.91	 Pd2+ + 2e−  Pd(s) +0.915	 [AuCl4]− + 3e−  Au(s) + 4Cl− +0.93 MnO2(s) + 4H+ + e−  Mn3+ + 2H2O +0.95 [AuBr2]− + e−  Au(s) + 2Br− +0.96 Br2(l) + 2e−  2Br− +1.066	 Br2(aq) + 2e−  2Br− +1.0873	 IO3− + 5H+ + 4e−  HIO(aq) + 2H2O +1.13 [AuCl2]− + e−  Au(s) + 2Cl− +1.15 HSeO4− + 3H+ + 2e−  H2SeO3(aq) + H2O +1.15 Ag2O(s) + 2H+ + 2e−  2Ag(s) + H2O +1.17 ClO3− + 2H+ + e−  ClO2(g) + H2O +1.18 Pt2+ + 2e−  Pt(s) +1.188	 ClO2(g) + H+ + e−  HClO2(aq) +1.19 2IO3− + 12H+ + 10e−  I2(s) + 6H2O +1.20 ClO4− + 2H+ + 2e−  ClO3− + H2O +1.20 O2(g) + 4H+ + 4e−  2H2O +1.23	 MnO2(s) + 4H+ + 2e−  Mn2+ + 2H2O +1.23 Tl3+ + 2e−  Tl+ +1.25 Cl2(g) + 2e−  2Cl− +1.36	 Cr2O7−− + 14H+ + 6e−  2Cr3+ + 7H2O +1.33 CoO2(s) + 4H+ + e−  Co3+ + 2H2O +1.42 2NH3OH+ + H+ + 2e−  N2H5+ + 2H2O +1.42	 2HIO(aq) + 2H+ + 2e−  I2(s) + 2H2O +1.44 Ce4+ + e−  Ce3+ +1.44 BrO3− + 5H+ + 4e−  HBrO(aq) + 2H2O +1.45 β-PbO2(s) + 4H+ + 2e−  Pb2+ + 2H2O +1.460	 α-PbO2(s) + 4H+ + 2e−  Pb2+ + 2H2O +1.468	 2BrO3− + 12H+ + 10e−  Br2(l) + 6H2O +1.48 2ClO3− + 12H+ + 10e−  Cl2(g) + 6H2O +1.49 MnO4− + 8H+ + 5e−  Mn2+ + 4H2O +1.51 HO2• + H+ + e−  H2O2(aq) +1.51 Au3+ + 3e−  Au(s) +1.52 NiO2(s) + 4H+ + 2e−  Ni2+ + 2OH− +1.59 2HClO(aq) + 2H+ + 2e−  Cl2(g) + 2H2O +1.63 Ag2O3(s) + 6H+ + 4e−  2Ag+ + 3H2O +1.67 HClO2(aq) + 2H+ + 2e−  HClO(aq) + H2O +1.67 Pb4+ + 2e−  Pb2+ +1.69	 MnO4− + 4H+ + 3e−  MnO2(s) + 2H2O +1.70 H2O2(aq) + 2H+ + 2e−  2H2O +1.78 AgO(s) + 2H+ + e−  Ag+ + H2O +1.77 Co3+ + e−  Co2+ +1.82 Au+ + e−  Au(s) +1.83	 BrO4− + 2H+ + 2e−  BrO3− + H2O +1.85 Ag2+ + e−  Ag+ +1.98	 S2O82− + 2e−  2SO42− +2.010	 O3(g) + 2H+ + 2e−  O2(g) + H2O +2.075	 HMnO4− + 3H+ + 2e−  MnO2(s) + 2H2O +2.09 F2(g) + 2e−  2F− +2.87	 F2(g) + 2H+ + 2e−  2HF(aq) +3.05	

 सन्दर्भ 
 https://web.archive.org/web/20080720062116/http://www.jesuitnola.org/upload/clark/Refs/red_pot.htm
 https://web.archive.org/web/20090305134158/http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/Hbase/Tables/electpot.html#c1

 इन्हें भी देखें 
 गैल्वानिक श्रेणी (Galvanic series)
 विद्युतरासायनिक विभव (Electrochemical potential)

श्रेणी:विद्युत