Oceania

Oceania (i kapa ʻia ka māhele o ka Moana Pākīpika, a i ʻole Moananuiākea ma ka ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi kahiko) he māhele nui o ka honua e moe ana ma ka moana. ʻO Moananuiākea ka inoa kahiko o kēia moana nui a me kona mau mokupuni, he inoa i hōʻike i ke aʻo kupuna no ke kai nui a me nā mokupuni like ʻole. I kēia au, ua hoʻopuni ʻia e nā mokupuni like ʻole mai ʻAukekulelia a i Hawaiʻi a i Rapa Nui. He 8.9 miliona kilomika huinanui (3.3 miliona mile huinanui) kona nui, a ma 2024, ua noho ma kēia māhele he 50 miliona kānaka.United Nations Statistics Division. "Population and Vital Statistics Report". United Nations, 2024.

 Ka ʻike kupuna 
Ma ka ʻike kupuna Hawaiʻi, ʻo Moananuiākea ke kai nui i kaʻapuni i nā mokupuni a pau. Ua hoʻohana ʻia nā hōkū hoʻokele, nā makani Hawaiʻi, nā nalu kai, a me nā manu hoʻokele e nā kupuna hoʻokele no ka holo moana a me ka ʻike ʻana i nā mokupuni like ʻole.Kamakau, Samuel M. "Ka Poe Kahiko: The People of Old". Bishop Museum Press, 1964.

 Nā ʻaoʻao kahiko 
Ma ka ʻike kahiko, ua māhele ʻia ke kai nui i ʻehā ʻaoʻao:
 Kai Koholā - Ke kai ma ka ʻākau
 Kai ʻōpuakea - Ke kai ma ka hikina
 Kai ʻau Lapa - Ke kai ma ka hema
 Kai Māʻokiʻoki - Ke kai ma ke komohana

 Nā māhele hou 
I kēia au, ua māhele ʻia ʻo Oceania i ʻehā māhele nui:

 ʻAukekulelia - Ka māhele komohana me ʻAukekulelia, Aotearoa, a me Tasemenia
 Melanikia - Nā mokupuni mai Pāpua Nūkini a i Pīkī
 Maikonekia - Nā mokupuni mai Palau a i Kilipaki
 Polenekia - Nā mokupuni mai Hawaiʻi a i  Nūkilani a i Lapa NuiPacific Community. "Pacific Island Populations 2023". SPC Statistics for Development Division.

 Ka honua 
Ua moe ʻo Oceania ma waena o ka Moana Pākīpika. Aia nā ʻano mokupuni like ʻole:

 Nā mokupuni nui (e like me ʻAukekulelia)
 Nā mokupuni pele (e like me Hawaiʻi)
 Nā mokupuni ʻakoʻakoʻa (e like me nā mokupuni o Kiribati)
 Nā mokupuni kiʻekiʻe (e like me Aotearoa)

ʻO Mauna Jaya ma Papua Komohana ke kiʻekiʻe loa o Oceania me kona 4,884 mika (16,024 kapuaʻi) mai ka ʻilikai.Geology.com "Highest Mountains in Oceania". Retrieved 2024.

 Ke aniau 
Ua ʻokoʻa ke aniau ma nā wahi like ʻole o Oceania:

 He wela a maʻū ma nā mokupuni o ka Pākīpika
 He maloʻo ma loko o ʻAukekulelia
 He anuanu ma nā mauna o Aotearoa
 ʻElua kau ma nā mokupuni o ka Pākīpika:
 Ka wā ua (Nowemapa-ʻApelila)
 Ka wā maʻemaʻe (Mei-ʻOkakopa)

 Ka moʻolelo 
 Ka wā kahiko a me nā Austronesia 
ʻElua māhele nui o ka noho ʻana o nā kānaka ma Oceania. ʻO ka māhele mua, ua hiki mai nā kānaka i ʻAukekulelia a me Papua Nuikini ma mua o 65,000 makahiki aku nei. Ua noho mua nā ʻAborikini ma ʻAukekulelia.

Ma ka lua o ka māhele, ua holo mai nā kānaka Austronesia mai ka ʻāina o Taiwan i ke komohana hema o ka Moana Pākīpika, ma kahi o 6,000 makahiki aku nei. Ua hoʻomaka ka holo moana ma waena o nā mokupuni me nā waʻa kaulua i kūkulu ʻia no ka moana hohonu.Kirch, Patrick V. "On the Road of the Winds: An Archaeological History of the Pacific Islands". University of California Press, 2022.

 Ka hoʻokele moana 
Ua akamai loa nā kānaka Austronesia i ka hoʻokele moana. Ua hoʻohana lākou i ke kāhiko hōkū, nā makani paʻa, nā au kai, nā nalu, nā mānu moana, a me nā ao i mea hoʻokele. Ua aʻo ʻia kēia ʻike mai kekahi hanauna a i kekahi.Lewis, David. "We, the Navigators: The Ancient Art of Landfinding in the Pacific". University of Hawaii Press, 1994.

ʻO ka waʻa kaulua ke kahua o ka holo moana. He mau waʻa nui lākou i hiki ke holo i ka moana hohonu no nā mahina he nui. Ma luna o kēia mau waʻa i holo ai nā kānaka, nā holoholona, nā mea kanu, a me nā mea ʻai a pau i pono no ka noho ʻana ma nā mokupuni hou.

Ma muli o kēia mākaukau hoʻokele moana, ua noho ʻia nā mokupuni a pau o ka Moana Pākīpika, mai Melanesia a i Maikolonesia a i Polenesia. ʻO nā kānaka Polenesia kai holo loa aku, e hiki aku ana i Hawaiʻi, Rapa Nui, a me Aotearoa.Kirch, Patrick V. "On the Road of the Winds: An Archaeological History of the Pacific Islands". University of California Press, 2022.

 Ka wā ʻEulopa 
ʻO Ferdinand Magellan ka ʻEulopa mua i hōʻea i kēia māhele honua i ka makahiki 1521, ʻoiai ua noho mua ʻia e nā kānaka maoli no nā kaukani makahiki he nui. Ma hope mai, ua hiki mai nā mokuahi mai ʻEulopa. Ma hope o ka hiki ʻana mai o ka poʻe ʻEulopa, ua lilo nā mokupuni i nā aupuni like ʻole:

 Pelekania (ʻAukekulelia, Aotearoa)
 Palani (Tahiti, Kalekonia Hou)
 Kepania (Guama)
 ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa (Hawaiʻi)

 Nā kānaka 
I kēia wā, aia ma Oceania he 50 miliona kānaka. Noho ka hapa nui ma ʻAukekulelia (25.9 miliona). Eia nā ʻano kānaka:

 Kānaka ʻAborikini
 Kānaka Melanesia
 Kānaka Polenesia
 Kānaka Maikolonesia
 Nā kānaka i neʻe mai mai ʻEulopa a me ʻĀkia mai

 Ka hoʻonoho ʻana 
He nui nā kaiāulu maoli ma Oceania. I kēia lā, noho nā kānaka ma nā wahi like ʻole:

 Nā kūlanakauhale nui
 Nā kaiaulu liʻiliʻi
 Nā kaiāulu kuaʻāina

 Nā ʻōlelo 
He nui nā ʻano ʻōlelo ma Oceania:
 Nā ʻōlelo Austronesia
 Nā ʻōlelo Polenesia
 Nā ʻōlelo Melanesia
 Nā ʻōlelo Maikolonesia
 Nā ʻōlelo ʻAborikini
 Nā ʻōlelo ʻEulopa (Pelekānia, Palani, Kepania)

 Ka hoʻomana 
He nui nā ʻano hoʻomana ma Oceania:
 Hoʻomana Kalikiano
 Hoʻomana kahiko o ka Pākīpika
 Hoʻomana ʻAborikini
 Hoʻomana ʻAsia
 Hoʻomana ʻē aʻe

 Ka hoʻonaʻauao 
Ma Oceania, aia he 28 kulanui nui, e like me:

 University of the South Pacific
 University of Papua New Guinea
 Ke Kulanui o Hawaiʻi
 University of Auckland

 Ka waiwai 
He like ʻole ka waiwai o nā ʻāina like ʻole:

 Nā ʻoihana nui o ʻAukekulelia
 Ka mahiʻai ma Oceania
 Ke kālepa ma ka Moana Pākīpika
 Ka hoʻokipa malihini ma Oceania

 Nā Kūmole 

 Nā Loulou I Waho 
 Pacific Community
 Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme

 E nānā pū 
 Moana Pākīpika
 ʻAukekulelia
 Polenesia
 Melanesia
 Maikolonesia
 Hoʻokele moana kahiko

Māhele:Oceania
Māhele:Nā māhele honua
Māhele:Moana Pākīpika