Carl Sagan

Carl Edward Sagan (9 Nowemapa 1934 - 20 Kekemapa 1996) he kanaka akeakamai, kilo hōkū, ʻepekema ao holoʻokoʻa, ʻepekema ola hōkū, kumu aʻo, mea kākau, a me ka mea hoʻolaha ʻepekema ʻAmelika. Ua kaulana ʻo ia no kāna hoʻolaha ʻepekema, kāna hōʻike ʻana i ka ʻepekema i ka lehulehu ma o ka papa kiʻiʻoniʻoni Cosmos: A Personal Voyage, a me kāna mau puke he nui, e like me Cosmos, Contact, a me The Demon-Haunted World.

 Ke ola mua 
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Carl Edward Sagan ma Bensonhurst, Brooklyn, Nuioka i ka lā 9 Nowemapa 1934. He keiki na Samuel Sagan (1905-1979), he mea hana lole immigrant mai Kamianets-Podilskyi, Ukraine, a me Rachel Molly Gruber (1906-1982). He Iudaio Reform kona ʻohana. Mai kona wā kamaliʻi, ua hoihoi ʻo ia i ka ʻepekema a me nā hōkū. Ua hele ʻo ia i ka New York World's Fair i ka makahiki 1939, kahi i hoʻoulu ai i kona makemake i ka ʻepekema.

 Ke aʻo ʻana 
Ua hele ʻo ia i ke Kula Kiʻekiʻe ʻo Rahway ma Nū ʻIeleke a laila i ke Kulanui ʻo Chicago, kahi āna i loaʻa ai kāna kēkelē laepua, kēkelē laeoʻo, a me ke kēkelē kauka. Ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana o Gerard Kuiper, ua hoʻokō ʻo ia i kāna pepa nui me ka inoa "Physical Studies of Planets."

 Ka hana ʻepekema 
Ua hana ʻo Sagan ma ke Kulanui ʻo Harvard (1962-1968) a me ke Kulanui ʻo Cornell (1968-1996). He mea kōkua nui ʻo ia i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka wela o Venus, nā kino lani o kā kākou ʻōnaehana lā, a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mikini NASA. Ua hoʻokumu pū ʻo ia i ka Planetary Society a ua hana pū me NASA ma nā mikioni like ʻole, e like me Pioneer a me Voyager.

 Nā hana koʻikoʻi 
 Ka hōʻike ʻana i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka wela o Venus
 Ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka Pioneer plaque a me ka Voyager Golden Record
 Ka noiʻi ʻana i ka Nuclear winter
 Ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka manaʻo o SETI
 Ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke ʻano o ka ʻimi ʻana i ke ola ma nā hōkū ʻē aʻe

 Hoʻolaha ʻepekema 
Ua kaulana loa ʻo Sagan no kāna papa kiʻiʻoniʻoni Cosmos: A Personal Voyage (1980), i nānā ʻia e nā miliona kanaka ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Ua kākau ʻo ia i nā puke ʻepekema kaulana, e like me:
 The Dragons of Eden (1977)
 Cosmos (1980)
 Contact (1985)
 The Demon-Haunted World (1995)
 Pale Blue Dot (1994)

 Nā makana a me nā hoʻohanohano 
Ua loaʻa iā Sagan nā makana he nui, me:
 Ka Makana Pulitzer (1978)
 Ka NASA Distinguished Public Service Medal (1977)
 Ka Emmy Award
 Ka Peabody Award
 Ka Carl Sagan Medal
 Ka Public Welfare Medal

 Ke ola pilikino 
Ua male ʻo ia i ʻekolu wahine:
 Lynn Margulis (1957-1965)
 Linda Salzman (1968-1981)
 Ann Druyan (1981-1996)

He ʻelima āna mau keiki: Dorion, Nick, Sasha, a me ʻelua hou aku.

 Ka hopena 
Make ʻo Sagan i ka lā 20 Kekemapa 1996 ma Seattle, Wakinekona ma muli o ka maʻi myelodysplasia a me ka pneumonia. Ua kanu ʻia ʻo ia ma ka Lake View Cemetery ma Ithaca, Nuioka.

 Nā Kūmole 

 Nā Loulou I Waho 
 Ka Paena Pūnaewele Carl Sagan Official
 The Planetary Society - Carl Sagan
 Carl Sagan Papers ma ka Library of Congress

 E nānā pū 
 Astronomy
 NASA
 Cosmos: A Personal Voyage
 SETI
 Nuclear winter

Māhele:Poʻe ʻepekema ʻAmelika
Māhele:Poʻe kilo hōkū
Māhele:Make ma 1996
Māhele:Hānau ma 1934
Māhele:Nā mea kākau ʻepekema