Silicon Valley

Silicon Valley he wahi ia ma Kaleponi ʻĀkau, kahi e noho ai nā ʻoihana ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe a me ka hoʻolālā hou. Aia kēia wahi ma ka hema o ka Kapalakiko, a pili pono i ka Santa Clara.

 Mōʻaukala 

Ua hoʻomaka ke kumu o Silicon Valley ma ka makahiki 1939, i ka wā i hoʻokumu ai ʻo William Hewlett lāua ʻo David Packard i ka hui Hewlett-Packard ma kahi kapakai ma Palo Alto. Ma ka makahiki 1956, hoʻomaka ʻo William Shockley i ka Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory ma Mountain View, ka hui mua loa o ka ʻenehana semiconductor ma kēia wahi.

Ma ka makahiki 1971, ua kapa mua ʻia kēia wahi ʻo "Silicon Valley" e Don Hoefler, he mea kākau nuhou no ka nūpepa Electronic News. Ua koho ʻia ka inoa "Silicon" no ka mea he nui nā hui e hana ana i nā silicon semiconductors.

 Ka Wā Home Computer 

Ma ka makahiki 1976, ua hoʻokumu ʻo Steve Jobs lāua ʻo Steve Wozniak i ka hui Apple Inc. ma ke kapakai o Jobs ma Cupertino. Ua hana lāua i ka Apple I, ka mīkini computer mua i kūʻai ʻia no $666.66. Ua hui pū lāua ma ka Homebrew Computer Club, kahi i hui ai nā kānaka hoihoi i ka hana computer. Ma ka makahiki 1977, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka Apple II, ka mīkini computer mua me ke kiʻi aniani kālā.

 Nā Hui ʻEnehana Koʻikoʻi 

Ua kōkua nui ka hui Xerox PARC i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻenehana computer. Ma Palo Alto, ua hana ka poʻe PARC i nā mea hou e like me ka graphical user interface, ka mouse computer, ka Ethernet, a me ka printer laser. I ka makahiki 1979, ua kipa ʻo Steve Jobs iā PARC a ʻike i ka graphical user interface. Ma hope, ua hoʻohana ʻo Apple i kēia manaʻo no ka Macintosh i ka makahiki 1984.

 Nā Hui Hou 

I nā makahiki 1990, ua ulu nui ka pūnaewele. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā hui hou e like me Yahoo!, eBay, a me Google ma Silicon Valley. Ma ka makahiki 2004, ua hoʻokumu ʻo Mark Zuckerberg i ka Facebook (i kēia manawa, ʻo Meta Platforms) ma Menlo Park. I kēia mau lā, he nui nā hui startup e hoʻāʻo nei e hoʻololi i ka honua me nā manaʻo hou.

 Nā Hui Nui 

Aia ma Silicon Valley kekahi mau hui ʻenehana nui loa o ka honua, e like me:

 Apple Inc.
 Google
 Meta Platforms (Facebook)
 Intel
 Nvidia
 Adobe Inc.

 Ke Kula Nui ʻo Stanford 

He kuleana koʻikoʻi ko Ke Kula Nui ʻo Stanford i ka ulu ʻana o Silicon Valley. Na Frederick Terman, ke poʻo o ka papa ʻenekinia ma Stanford, i kōkua i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka Stanford Industrial Park (i kēia manawa, ʻo Stanford Research Park) i ka makahiki 1951, kahi i hoʻomaka ai nā hui ʻenehana he nui.

 Nā Kūlanakauhale Nui 

Eia nā kūlanakauhale koʻikoʻi o Silicon Valley:

 San Jose
 Palo Alto
 Mountain View
 Cupertino
 Santa Clara
 Sunnyvale

 Ka Waiwai 

He waiwai nui ko Silicon Valley. Ma ka makahiki 2023, aia ma kēia wahi ka 41 pākēneka o nā kālā venture capital a pau o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Aia hoʻi ma kēia wahi ka nui loa o nā mea hana ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Ua ʻoi aku ka nui o nā uku ma Silicon Valley ma mua o nā wahi ʻē aʻe a pau ma ka honua no nā hana ʻenehana.

 Nā Pilikia 

ʻOiai he waiwai nui ko Silicon Valley, aia nō hoʻi kekahi mau pilikia koʻikoʻi. Ua kiʻekiʻe loa ke kumukūʻai o nā hale, no laila, he pilikia nui kēia no ka poʻe hana maʻamau. Eia hoʻi, ua ulu aʻe ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o ka poʻe waiwai a me ka poʻe ʻilihune. He pilikia hou aku, ʻo ia ka liʻiliʻi o ka heluna o nā wahine a me nā kānaka ʻili ʻeleʻele ma nā kūlana luna o nā hui ʻenehana.

 Ma Nā Pāʻani Kiʻiʻoniʻoni 

He nui nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni a me nā polokalamu TV e pili ana iā Silicon Valley:

 Nā Kiʻiʻoniʻoni 

Ua hana ʻia kekahi mau kiʻiʻoniʻoni e pili ana i ka moʻolelo o Silicon Valley. Ma ka makahiki 1985, ua hana ʻia A View to a Kill, he kiʻiʻoniʻoni James Bond kahi i pale ai ʻo Bond i ka hoʻopau ʻana iā Silicon Valley. Ma ka makahiki 1996, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia Triumph of the Nerds, he kīwī moʻolelo e pili ana i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ʻoihana computer. Ma ka makahiki 1999, ua hana ʻia Pirates of Silicon Valley, he kiʻiʻoniʻoni e pili ana i ka moʻolelo o Apple Inc. a me Microsoft.

Ma nā makahiki 2010, ua hana ʻia The Social Network (2010) e pili ana i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o Facebook, Jobs (2013) no ke ola o Steve Jobs, a me  Steve Jobs (2015), he kiʻiʻoniʻoni hou aku e pili ana i ka luna o Apple.

 Nā Polokalamu TV 

Ua hana ʻia kekahi mau polokalamu TV kaulana e pili ana i Silicon Valley. ʻO Silicon Valley (2014-2019) ka mea kaulana loa, he comedy series mai HBO mai e pili ana i nā startup. Ua hana ʻia The Dropout (2022), he moʻolelo e pili ana i ka pilikia o Theranos, a me Super Pumped (2022) e pili ana i ka moʻolelo o Uber.

Aia hoʻi kekahi mau polokalamu ʻē aʻe e like me Halt and Catch Fire (2014-2017), Valley of the Boom (2019), a me Devs (2020). Mai Kōlea Hema mai, ua hana ʻia Start-Up (2020), he moʻolelo e pili ana i ʻekolu mea hoʻolālā artificial intelligence e hana ana ma Silicon Valley.

 Nā Kūmole 

 Nā Loulou I Waho 
 Silicon Valley News
 Computer History Museum

 E nānā pū 
 Kaleponi
 Mokupuni ʻo San Francisco
 Ke Kula Nui ʻo Stanford

Māhele:ʻEnehana
Māhele:Kaleponi
Māhele:Silicon Valley