Masallacin Juma'a (Baku)

Masallacin Juma, wanda kuma aka sani da Masallacin Juma'a, masallaci ne na Musulunci na Shi'a, wanda ke Baku, Azerbaijan. 

Wani rubutu a kan masallacin ya ambaci cewa "Amir Sharaf al-Din Mahmud ya ba da umarnin a gyara wannan masallaci a watan Rajab na 709 AH (1309/1310AD) ". A kan bangon arewa na masallacin an gina minaret wanda baranda mai rufin asiri ke tallafawa a shekarar 1437.

Yana cikin tsohon garin Icheri Sheher,  an sake gina masallacin sau da yawa. An gina Masallacin Juma'a na yanzu a shekarar 1899 a ƙarƙashin tallafin ɗan kasuwan agaji na Baku Haji Shikhlali Dadashov. Akwai alamun haikalin Zoroastrian a wurin.

A cikin rayuwar al'adu ta zamanin da azerbaijan, masallacin cocin ya yi aiki a matsayin cibiyar zamantakewa da al'adu.   

 Tarihi 

 Masallacin farko 
alt=|thumb|Masallacin Juma'a da kitabe a kan minaret
An gina masallaci na farko, wanda ake kira da Masallacin Jame, a ƙarni na 12. Tsarin masallacin mai kyau ya nuna cewa an gina shi a matakai da dama. Babban sassansa su ne zauren ibada a yankin kudu da kuma minarets a arewa. Akwai ƙananan yadi tsakanin zauren ibada da minarets. Mafi tsufa na masallacin ɗakin ibada ne mai siffar murabba'i. Ɗakin yana kama da masallatan kiosk na zamanin Seljuk . Murfinsa ya tsufa. A cewar waje, an gina wannan kusurwar ne bisa salon makarantar gine-gine ta Maragha-Nakhchivan, wadda ke aiki a ƙarni na 12.

Ana samun kayan ado da suka rufe saman rufin a cikin abubuwan tarihi na zamanin Seljuk kamar minarets na Shamkir, Garabagh da Atabeklar complex, Maragha Red Gumbez (Dome) Kabarin, da sauransu.

Wasu masana kimiyya, musamman Andrey Pavlinov, sun yi imanin cewa an gina Masallacin Juma'a ne a kan ragowar haikalin masu bautar wuta.

 Minaret 
A shekara ta 1437, a kan bangon arewa na masallacin, an gina minaret mai siffar stalactite don kiran masu ibada zuwa namaz . A kan rubutun da aka samu a cikin tono kayan tarihi na minaret, an zana rubutun makokin Mohammed Olcaytun, shugaban Elkhanians, a kan makokin.

 Aiki a matsayin Madrasa 
An gina ɗakunan Masallacin Jame a ƙarni na 15 don dalilai na ilimi a farfajiyar Masallacin. A ƙarni na 19, an lalata ƙwayoyin Masallacin saboda faɗaɗa titin A. Zeynalli da gina hanyoyi kuma ɗaya daga cikinsu ya rage don a yi amfani da shi azaman makarantar addini.

 Masallaci na biyu 
An gina masallaci na biyu kuma na yanzu, wanda ake kira Masallacin Juma'a a cikin ragowar Masallacin Jame ta hannun attajirin Baku kuma mai taimakon jama'a Haji Sheikhali Agha Dadashov a shekarar 1899.

Masallacin yana aiki a matsayin gidan tarihi na kafet a zamanin Soviet . An gyara Masallacin Juma'a, wanda ya dawo da ayyukansa a matsayin masallaci a shekarun 1990, tare da rage kasafin kuɗin gwamnati.

Ɗakin ibada mai siffar murabba'i mai ginshiƙai 4 a tsakiyar Masallacin da ƙaramin kumfa su ne manyan sassan Masallacin. An yi amfani da siffofi na gargajiya na Gabas da Turai a cikin gine-ginen ginin. An siffanta ƙofar da siffofi na yau da kullun na gine-ginen Azerbaijan : sassaka dutse, zane-zane na ƙasa, zane-zanen fasaha, da sauransu.

A shekarar 2008, kwararru a fannin gine-gine, masu gine-gine da masu fasaha sun gyara masallacin gaba daya, an sanya tsarin dumama da hasken wuta. A bangon masallacin, an rubuta kayan ado da hannu, sura daga Alqur'ani, sannan aka rubuta sunayen mutane biyar na Ahlul-Bait, wadanda suke da tsarki a Musulunci.

 Hotunan Hotuna 

 Manazarta 

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