Garba (dance)

Garba rawa ce ta al'adun Indiya . Rawa ce ta da'ira da zamantakewa da ta samo asali daga Gujarat, kuma ana yin ta a faɗin Indiyawa mazauna ƙasashen waje a bukukuwa da sauran taruka. 

Mata suna rawa Garba a al'adance a matsayin wani ɓangare na bikin Hindu na shekara-shekara na Navaratri (ko "Dare Tara"), wanda ake gudanarwa don bikin Amba Mata, ko kuma uwa ta farko, wani sabon salon Durga . Garbas suna cikin bukukuwan Navaratri a bukukuwa da liyafa. Yawanci, a ƙarshen kowace dare na rawa na Navaratri, al'umma kuma suna yin wasan dandiya raas, wani nau'in rawa na da'ira, wanda 'yan wasa ke riƙe da sanda a kowane hannu kuma suna buga waƙa tare da abokin tarayya. Ana gayyatar kowa da kowa ya shiga garba da raas, kuma mutane na kowane zamani suna rawa tare. Ana yin wasan a kusa da tukunya mai ƙasa da ramuka a gefuna, yana bayyana harshen wuta a ciki (alama ce ta jiva ko rai a cikin mahaifa). A madadin haka, ana iya sanya hoto ko mutum-mutumin allahiyar Hindu Amba a tsakiyar da'irar. Idan akwai mahalarta da yawa, suna yin da'irori masu ma'ana don yin zobba a kusa da abin da ake girmamawa.

 Asalin Ma'anar 
Kalmar garba ta fito ne daga kalmar Sanskrit ( Sanskrit     ) don "mahaifa" don haka yana nufin ɗaukar ciki ko ciki - rayuwa. Ana yin rawa na gargajiya a Gujarat sau da yawa don nuna zagayowar al'ada ta farko ko kuma ana yin su don nuna alamar aure .  

 Rawa, kiɗa da alamomin 
Garba na zamani kuma yana da tasiri sosai a kan Dandiya Raas, wata rawa da maza ke yi a al'ada. Haɗakar waɗannan rawa biyu ta haifar da rawa mai ƙarfi da ake gani a yau.  Waƙar garba ta gargajiya da ke rakiyar rawa ta ƙunshi dhol da dholak (gangunan Indiya), kuge da shehnai (busa sarewa ta Indiya). 

Rawar rawa ce ta da'ira da aka yi a akasin agogo, a madadin haka, mahalarta za su iya samar da da'ira mai ma'ana suna tafiya a akasin haka. Rawar tana tara gudu yayin da take ci gaba. Babban ɓangarenta ya ƙunshi kewaye da hoto ko wakilcin alama (kamar tukunyar yumbu), wanda ke wakiltar shakti na allahiya Durga . Rawar Garba tana girmama nau'ikan Durga guda tara a lokacin bikin Navaratri ("Dare Tara") kuma tana bikin haihuwa da mace.

 Ganewa 
Garba ya bazu ko'ina a Gujarat a duk faɗin Indiya da kuma tsakanin ' yan asalin Indiya da ke zaune a ƙasashen waje a duk faɗin duniya. Misali, garba ya shahara a tsakanin al'ummomin Gujarati a Burtaniya inda akwai wasu daga cikin waɗannan al'ummomin suna gudanar da nasu bukukuwan garba. Yanzu haka ƙungiyoyin rawa a jami'o'i suna shirya gasar Garba tun farkon ƙarni na 19. 

A watan Disamba na 2023, UNESCO ta amince da garba a cikin jerin kayan tarihi na duniya na tarihi marasa tabawa .  Desai, Parijat, "Dance In The Round: Embodying Inclusivity and Interdependence through Garba" in Music and Dance of Everyday South Asia, Oxford University Press, 2024.

 Duba kuma 

 Kediyu, rigar gargajiya ta maza don garba
 Chaniya choli, rigar gargajiya ta mata don garba
 Jerin raye-rayen gargajiya na Indiya
 Jerin Abubuwan Gado na Al'adu marasa Tasiri a Indiya

 Manazarta