Android

Android wata manhajar tsarin aiki ce (operating system) da ake amfani da ita a wayoyin salula, kwamfutocin hannu (tablet), agogon zamani (smartwatch), talabijin masu kaifin basira (smart TV), da wasu na’urori masu amfani da fasahar zamani. Kamfanin Google ne ke kula da ci gaban Android ta hannun ƙungiyar masu haɓaka manhajar da ake kira Open Handset Alliance.

 Tarihi 

An fara ƙirƙirar Android ne a shekarar 2003 ta hannun kamfanin Android Inc., wanda Andy Rubin da abokan aikinsa suka kafa. A shekarar 2005, kamfanin Google ya sayi Android Inc., sannan ya fara haɓaka shi a matsayin manhajar tsarin aiki ta wayoyin salula. A ranar 23 ga Satumba, 2008, aka fitar da sigar farko ta Android tare da wayar HTC Dream.

Tun daga wannan lokaci, Android ta samu sabbin sigogi da dama. A farkon shekarun haɓakarta, ana ba wa sigogin sunayen kayan zaƙi (desserts) kamar su Cupcake, Donut, Eclair, Froyo, Gingerbread, Ice Cream Sandwich, Jelly Bean, KitKat, Lollipop, Marshmallow, Nougat, Oreo, da Pie. Daga baya Google ya koma amfani da lambobin sigogi kawai, kamar Android 10, 11, 12, 13, da sauransu.

 Tsari da Aiki 

Android ta ginu ne bisa tsarin Linux kernel, wanda ke ba ta damar sarrafa kayan aikin na’ura (hardware) kamar ƙwaƙwalwa (memory), batir, da sauran sassa. Manhajar na amfani da harsunan shirye-shirye kamar Java da Kotlin wajen gina manhajoji (applications).

Masu haɓaka manhajoji na amfani da Android Software Development Kit (SDK) domin ƙirƙirar manhajoji da za su yi aiki a kan Android. Ana sauke yawancin manhajoji ne ta shagon manhajoji na Google Play Store.

 Amfani 

Android ita ce mafi yawan amfani a duniya a fannin wayoyin salula. Kamfanoni da dama kamar Samsung, Xiaomi, Oppo, da Huawei suna amfani da Android a na’urorinsu. Haka kuma ana amfani da ita a wasu na’urori kamar agogon zamani (Wear OS), talabijin (Android TV), da na’urorin mota (Android Auto).

 Fa’ida 

Daya daga cikin manyan fa’idodin Android shi ne kasancewarta manhaja mai bude tushe (open source), wadda ke ba kamfanoni da masu haɓaka dama su gyara ko su faɗaɗa ta gwargwadon buƙatarsu. Haka kuma tana ba masu amfani damar tsara wayoyinsu yadda suke so ta fuskar kamanni da aiki.

 Manazarta