Harriot Stanton Blatch

Harriot Eaton Blatch ( née Stanton ; Janairu 20, 1856 - Nuwamba 20, 1940) marubuciya ce kuma mai ra'ayin kare haƙƙin mata. Ita 'yar mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata ce Elizabeth Cady Stanton . 

 Tarihin Rayuwa 
An haifi Harriot Eaton Stanton, ta shida cikin yara bakwai, a Seneca Falls, New York, ga masu fafutukar kare hakkin jama'a Elizabeth Cady Stanton da Henry Brewster Stanton . Ta halarci Kwalejin Vassar, inda ta kammala karatun digiri a fannin lissafi a 1878. Ta halarci Makarantar Koyarwa ta Boston na tsawon shekara guda, sannan ta shafe mafi yawan shekarun 1880-81 a Jamus a matsayin mai koyarwa ga ƙananan 'yan mata. 

A tafiyarta ta dawowa Amurka, ta haɗu da wani ɗan kasuwa ɗan Ingila William Henry Blatch, Jr., wanda aka fi sani da "Harry Blatch". Sun yi aure a shekarar 1882, kuma sun zauna a Basingstoke, Hampshire, tsawon shekaru ashirin, inda Harry ya kasance Manajan Kamfanin Giya na Kamfanin Giya na Basingstoke, John May & Co.

Suna da 'ya'ya mata biyu, ta biyun ta mutu tana da shekaru huɗu. 'Yarsu ta fari, Nora Stanton Blatch Barney, ta ci gaba da al'adar iyali a matsayin mai son zaɓen 'yan ƙasa, ita ce mace ta farko 'yar Amurka da ta sami digiri a fannin injiniyan gine-gine, kuma ta yi aure na ɗan lokaci da Lee de Forest, kafin ta sake yin aure na biyu. Harry Blatch ya mutu a shekarar 1915, bayan da aka yi masa tiyatar lantarki bisa kuskure.
A shekarar 1881, Harriot Stanton ta yi aiki tare da mahaifiyarta, Matilda Joslyn Gage, da Susan B. Anthony a kan Tarihin Zaɓen Mata . Ta ba da gudummawa mai girma a cikin littafi na biyu, inda ta haɗa da tarihin Ƙungiyar Zaɓen Mata ta Amurka, abokiyar hamayyar Stanton da Ƙungiyar Zaɓen Mata ta Ƙasa ta Anthony. Wannan matakin ya taimaka wajen sulhunta ƙungiyoyin biyu.  name=":0">

A lokacin da take Ingila, ta yi nazarin kididdiga kan yanayin mata masu aiki a Ingila a karkara, wanda ta sami digirin MA daga Vassar.  A ƙidayar jama'a ta 1901, an rubuta Blatch a matsayin baƙo a Haslemere, Surrey a cikin wani gida wanda ya zama wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar Haslemere Peasant Arts, wata ƙungiya da ta haɓaka koyar da sana'o'in hannu ga mata da 'yan mata na karkara . Ta kuma yi aiki tare da ƙungiyoyin gyaran zamantakewa na Ingilishi, ciki har da Ƙungiyar Mata ta Ƙananan Hukumomi, Ƙungiyar Fabian, da Ƙungiyar Mata ta Franchise . A Ƙungiyar Mata ta Franchise, ta ƙirƙiro dabarun tsarawa waɗanda za ta yi amfani da su daga baya a Amurka.

 Yaƙin neman zaɓe 
Da ta dawo Amurka a shekarar 1902, Blatch ta nemi sake farfaɗo da ƙungiyar mata ta Amurka kan zaɓen 'yan ƙasa, wanda ya tsaya cak. Da farko ta shiga jagorancin ƙungiyar mata ta ƙungiyar kwadago . A shekarar 1907, ta kafa ƙungiyar mata ta daidaito (daga baya aka sake mata suna ƙungiyar siyasa ta mata), don ɗaukar mata masu aiki a cikin ƙungiyar. Membobin ƙungiyar sun ƙunshi ma'aikatan masana'antu, masu wanki, da tufafi 20,000 daga ɓangaren Lower East na birnin New York . Ƙungiyar ta yi nasarar yin fafutukar ganin an daidaita albashin malaman New York. Dismore, David (April 4, 2014). "April 4, 1907: The Equality League of Self-Supporting Women Votes on War, Equal Pay, and Suffrage". Feminist Newswire. Feminist Majority Foundation. Retrieved September 3, 2019.

Ta wannan rukunin, Blatch ta shirya kuma ta jagoranci faretin zaɓe na New York na 1910. Blatch ta yi nasarar tattara mata da yawa masu aiki, duk da cewa ta ci gaba da haɗin gwiwa da mata masu shahara a cikin al'umma. Ta iya shirya zanga-zangar 'yan bindiga a kan tituna yayin da take aiki a cikin ƙwararrun siyasa don kawar da adawar 'yan siyasar Tammany Hall waɗanda ke tsoron cewa mata za su kaɗa ƙuri'a don haramtawa.  A cikin shekarunta na fafutukar kare haƙƙin mata, Blatch ta kuma buga wani littafi mai suna Mobilizing Woman Power, wanda ya zaburar da mata daga ko'ina cikin Amurka su fahimci matsayinsu a cikin al'umma. 

Ƙungiyar ta sami ƙarfin siyasa mai yawa, kuma ta yi kira da a yi wa kundin tsarin mulkin jihar New York kwaskwarima domin bai wa mata kuri'u, wanda aka cimma a shekarar 1917 bayan da Tammany Hall ta sassauta adawarta. A shekarar 1915, ƙungiyar siyasa ta mata ta Blatch ta haɗu da Alice Paul da ƙungiyar Congressional Union ta Lucy Burns,  wadda daga ƙarshe ta zama jam'iyyar mata ta ƙasa . 

 Yaƙi da bayan yaƙin 
A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya, Blatch ta sadaukar da lokacinta ga yaƙin, inda ta jagoranci ƙungiyar sojojin ƙasa ta Amurka, wadda ta samar da ƙarin aikin gona. Ta rubuta Mobilizing Woman Power a shekarar 1918, game da rawar da mata ke takawa a yaƙin, tana roƙon mata da su "je aiki".  A shekarar 1920, ta buga A Woman's Point of View,  inda ta ɗauki matsayin zaman lafiya saboda rugujewar yaƙin. [ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2020)">ana buƙatar ambato</span> ]

Bayan amincewa da Kwaskwarima ta Sha Tara a shekarar 1920, Blatch ta shiga Jam'iyyar Mata ta Ƙasa don fafutukar amincewa da Kwaskwarima ta Daidaito ga Haƙƙoƙi, maimakon dokar kariya da Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Ma'aikata ta Mata ke tallafawa. Ta kuma shiga Jam'iyyar Gurguzu, kuma an zaɓe ta a matsayin Mai Kula da Birnin New York daga baya kuma Majalisar Dokokin Jihar New York, amma ba ta sami mukami ba. Daga ƙarshe ta bar jam'iyyar, saboda goyon bayanta ga dokokin kariya ga ma'aikata mata. A lokacin shekarun 1920, Blatch ta kuma yi aiki a madadin Ƙungiyar Ƙasashe,  tana ba da shawarar inganta gyare-gyare ga Alƙawarin Ƙungiyar. [ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2020)">ana buƙatar ambato</span> ]

 Shekarun ƙarshe da mutuwa 
A shekarar 1939, Blatch ta samu karyewar kugu sannan ta koma gidan kula da tsofaffi da ke Greenwich, Connecticut . An buga littafin tarihin rayuwarta, Challenging Years, a shekarar 1940 kuma ta mutu mako guda kafin Thanksgiving a wannan shekarar a Greenwich . 

 Duba kuma 

 Tocilan Zaɓe
 Jerin masu ra'ayin mazan jiya da masu ra'ayin mazan jiya
 Jadawalin lokacin zaɓen mata
 Ƙungiyoyin mata na zaɓen 'yan takara

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba