Marguerite Wildenhain

Marguerite Wildenhain, wacce aka haifa a shekara ta 1896, Marguerite Friedlaender, ita ma ta rubuta Friedländer (11 ga Oktoba, 1896 - 24 ga Fabrairu, 1985),  ƙwararriyar mai zane-zanen yumbu ce ta Amurka da ta horar da Bauhaus . Bayan ta yi ƙaura zuwa Amurka a shekara ta 1940, ta koyar a Pond Farm kuma ta rubuta littattafai uku masu tasiri: Pottery: Form and Expression (1959), The Invisible Core: A Potter's Life and Thoughts (1973), da That We Look and See: An Admirer Looks at the Indians (1979). Mai zane Robert Arneson ya bayyana ta a matsayin "babban uwar masu tukwane,".  

 Rayuwa ta farko 
An haifi Wildenhain a ranar 11 ga Oktoba, 1896, a Lyon, Faransa,  ga wata uwa 'yar Birtaniya, Rose Calmann da mahaifinta 'yar Jamus, Théodore Friedlaender, wanda ɗan kasuwa ne na siliki.  Ɗan'uwanta shi ne mai rubuta rubutu na Isra'ila Henri Friedlaender . Ta fara karatun firamare a Jamus, sannan a Yorkshire, Ingila. A farkon Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya, iyalinta sun ƙaura zuwa Jamus inda ta kammala makarantar sakandare.

Tun daga shekarar 1914, ta yi karatun sassaka a Jami'ar Fasaha ta Berlin, sannan ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ado na kayan ado na faranti a wata masana'anta da ke Rudolstadt . A wannan masana'antar ne sha'awarta ga ƙafafun tukwane ta tashi. Lokacin da ba ta aiki a masana'antar, ta bincika karkara. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya, yayin da take Weimar na ƙarshen mako, ta sami sanarwar da mai zane Walter Gropius ya fitar game da kafa makarantar Bauhaus a shekarar 1919: ""sabuwar ƙungiyar masu sana'a ba tare da bambancin aji ba wanda ke tayar da shinge tsakanin masu sana'a da masu fasaha". Sannan kuma, kamar yadda ta tuna a cikin tarihin rayuwarta, ta yanke shawarar zama ɗaya daga cikin ɗaliban farko da suka yi rajista. Wildenhain ta halarci Bauhaus a Dornburg daga 1919 zuwa 1925. 

 Bauhaus da kuma bayan, 1919-1940 
A lokacin da take Bauhaus, Wildenhain ta yi karatu tare da masu zane-zane Paul Klee da Wassily Kandinsky kuma ta yi aiki tare da mai sassaka Gerhard Marcks ( Formmeister ko Form Master) da kuma mai tukwane Max Krehan ( Lehrmeister ko Crafts Master). [1] A shekarar 1925, Wildenhain ta zama mace ta farko da ta sami takardar shaidar Master Potter a Jamus. [2]

A shekarar 1926, ta bar makarantar ta koma Halle-Saale, Jamus, inda aka naɗa ta shugabar sashen koyon tukwane a Jami'ar Fasaha da Zane ta Burg Giebichenstein .  Yayin da take can, ta kuma fara hulɗa da Konigliche Porzellan-Manufaktur (ko KPM), wanda yanzu haka yake Staatliche Porzellan-Manufaktur, wanda ta tsara samfuran kayan cin abinci masu kyau da aka samar da yawa, musamman saitin shayin Halle da hidimar cin abincin dare ta Burg-Giebichenstein (dukansu a 1930). A wannan shekarar, ta auri wani ƙaramin mai zane mai zane mai suna Frans ko Franz Wildenhain (1905–80), wanda a da yake ajinsu ne a Weimar Bauhaus kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mai koyon aikinta a Burg Giebichenstein. 

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Mutuwan 1985
Rukuni:Haihuwan 1896