Jok (ruhu)

Jok (wanda kuma aka rubuta shi da jogi ko joogi) kalma ce ta ruhohi a cikin tsarin imani na gargajiya na mutanen Acholi na Uganda da Kudancin Sudan .    Ana kyautata zaton Jok shine sanadin rashin lafiya, rashin sa'a, da mutuwa, da kuma tushen iko, kariya, da wadata. Masu warkarwa na gargajiya (wanda aka sani da ajakwa ) da farko suna gano Jok ɗin da ake magana a kai sannan su yi sadaukarwa da biki don magance su.   A madadin haka, idan irin wannan hanyar ba ta yi nasara ba, mutumin da Jok ɗin ke da shi zai iya shiga cikin jerin al'adu don samun wani matakin iko akan Jok sannan su zama ajakwa .  Jok na iya zama kakanni ko wanda ba kakanninsu ba, kuma ana iya haɗa shi da takamaiman kabilu, sarakuna, abubuwan da suka faru na halitta, ko abubuwan da suka faru na tarihi. An yi imanin Jok shine allah mafi girma, wanda shine mahalicci kuma mai mulkin duniya.    

 Nau'ikan Jok 
Acholi sun yi imani cewa akwai wani babban allahn Afirka da aka sani da Jok. Duk da haka, Jok yana da kwafi da yawa na kansa wanda ya shafi kansa a cikin al'amuran mutane. Jerin Jok yana da faɗi kuma ya haɗa da adadi wanda gogewar mulkin mallaka ta yi tasiri a kansa.  A cewar ilimin sararin samaniya na Acholi, akwai manyan nau'ikan wasa guda uku:  

 Barkwancin kakanninsu : Waɗannan su ne ruhin dangin da suka mutu, musamman kakannin kakanninsu, waɗanda zuriyarsu masu rai ke girmamawa da girmama su. Barkwancin kakanninsu gabaɗaya suna da tausayi da taimako, amma kuma suna iya yin fushi da ɗaukar fansa idan aka yi watsi da su ko aka ɓata musu rai. Ana tuntuɓar barkwancin kakanninsu da kuma kwantar musu da hankali ta hanyar al'adu, hadayu, addu'o'i, da hadayu, waɗanda galibi dattawa ko masu warkarwa na gargajiya (ajakwa) ke yi. "Religion in Traditional Uganda". Kitara Foundation for Regional Tourism. 2016-06-02. Retrieved 2024-01-11. 
 Barkwanci mara kakanni : Waɗannan su ne ruhohin wasu halittu, kamar dabbobi, shuke-shuke, duwatsu, koguna, duwatsu, taurari, ko rana. Barkwanci mara kakanni yawanci ana danganta shi da wani ƙabila ko sarauta ta musamman, kuma ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin masu kula da ƙungiyoyinsu. Barkwanci mara kakanni na iya zama na alheri ko na mugunta, ya danganta da yanayinsu da alaƙar da ke tsakaninsu da mabiyansu na ɗan adam. Barkwanci mara kakanni kuma ana kiransa da kuma lallashinsa ta hanyar al'adu, hadayu, addu'o'i, da hadayu, waɗanda galibi sarakuna ko ajakwa ke yi. Atkinson, Ronald R. (1989). "The Evolution of Ethnicity among the Acholi of Uganda: The Precolonial Phase". Ethnohistory. 36 (1): 19–43. doi:10.2307/482739. ISSN 0014-1801. JSTOR 482739.
 Jogi : Waɗannan su ne kwafi ko bayyanar Jok mafi girma, wanda shi ne kaɗai allah. Jogi yana da hannu a harkokin ɗan adam kuma yana iya rinjayar ƙaddarar mutane da al'ummomi. Ayyukan ɗan adam na iya jin daɗi ko fusata Jogi, kuma suna iya ba da lada ko hukunci daidai da haka. Jogi kuma yana amsa buƙatun ɗan adam da roƙo, kuma suna iya ba da albarka ko la'ana. Ana bauta wa Jogi kuma ana girmama shi ta hanyar al'adu, hadayu, addu'o'i, da hadayu, galibi ana yi ta hannun ajakwa ko ƙwararru a addini . "Jok and the Tree of Life". Oxford Reference. Retrieved 2024-01-11. 

 Bauta waƙar barkwanci 
Abila wuri ne na musamman kamar haikali, wanda aka keɓe ga Jok, da ruhohin kakannin da aka yi imanin suna kula da Acholi. A cikin abila, mutane za su ba da abinci da abin sha ga wasan kwaikwayo, kamar godiya da kuma neman tagomashinsu. Waɗannan ruhohin ba koyaushe suke cikin abila ba, amma suna iya bayyana kusa ko ma tafiya a kusa, suna aika saƙonni ta hanyar alamu na musamman. Acholi suna bauta wa Jok saboda dalilai da yawa, suna fatan za su warkar da marasa lafiya, su kawo sa'a ga farauta, kuma su kare ƙauyen daga munanan abubuwa. Don faranta wa Jok rai, mutane suna yin bukukuwa na musamman a abila inda za su ba su abinci da abin sha.

Acholi Jok yayi kama da ra'ayin Kiristoci game da Allah . Amma lokacin da Kiristanci ya zo ga Acholi, sun dage kan amfani da kalmar Lubanga don Allah, duk da cewa a cikin harshen Acholi, Lubanga yana nufin wani abu mai ban tsoro kamar mutuwa.  Ocaya, Victor (March 1988). "Ultimate Reality and Meaning According to the Acholi of Uganda". Ultimate Reality and Meaning. 11 (1): 11–22. doi:10.3138/uram.11.1.11. ISSN 0709-549X.

 Nassoshi