Al-Hattab

Muhammad Abu 'Abd AllAH ibn Muhammad at-Tarabulsi al-Hattab al-Ru'yani (Mayu 21, 1497 - 1547 AZ) (902 AH - 954 AH) (Arabic: محمد أبو عبدالله بن محمد الحطاب الرع), wanda aka fi sani da shi a cikin ilimin Islama kamar al-Hatstab ko Imam al-Huttab, masanin shari'a Musulmi ne na ƙarni na 16 AZ daga Tripoli, babban birnin Libya na zamani. Al-Hattab masanin makarantar Maliki ce ta shari'ar Musulunci (fiqh). Littafinsa Mawahib al-Jalil, wanda ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan sharhi na farko game da Khalil's Mukhtassar (Concise Text), an dauke shi daya daga cikin mafi kyawun sharhi a makarantar shari'a ta Maliki.

 Rayuwa 
An haifi Al-Hattab a Makka a ranar 18 ga Ramadan (wata mai tsarki na Musulmi na azumi) a cikin 902 AH (Mayu 21, 1497 AZ). Asalinsa ya fito ne daga dangin Ru'yani na Andalusia, wanda ya yi ƙaura daga Andalusia zuwa Tripolitania kuma an san shi da malamansa. Mahaifinsa mai suna Muhammad al-Hattab ya yi hijira zuwa Makka tare da dukan iyalinsa a lokacin raunana mulkin daular Hafsid a Tripoli kafin Habsburg Spain ta ci Arewacin Afirka. Al-Hattab wani lokacin ana kiransa al-Hattag al-Saghir (Al-Hattable the Younger) don rarrabe shi daga mahaifinsa, kuma shi ne babba cikin 'ya'yansa uku. Har ila yau, wani lokacin ana kiransa Hattab al-Abb (Hattab Uba), yayin da mahaifinsa Hattab al'Jadd (Hattable Kakan), kuma sanannen ɗansa Yahya wanda shi ma ma ma malami ne an san shi da Hattab al (Hattables Ɗa).

Al-Hattab da farko ya yi karatu a ƙarƙashin mahaifinsa, wanda ke da taken addini a Makka. Ya koyi Alkur'ani tun yana ƙarami. Ya kuma yi karatun hadisi a karkashin dalibai kai tsaye na wasu daga cikin manyan malamai a tarihin Islama kamar al-Suyuti, Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani da al-Sakhawi . Muhammad ya yi nazarin mafi yawan sauran kimiyyar Islama daga mahaifinsa duk da haka, wanda shi kansa masanin da ake girmamawa ne kuma dalibi ne na Al-Sakhawi. Al-Hattab ya ɗauki fiqh (dokar shari'a) musamman daga mahaifinsa, filin da daga baya zai yi fice kuma ya zama sananne. Ya yi nazarin matani da yawa a ƙarƙashin kulawarsa ciki har da Muwatta na Imam Malik, Mudawwana na Sahnun, Risala na Ibn Abi Zayd, Tamhid na Ibn 'Abd al-Barr, Muqaddimaat na Averroes, Dhakira na al-Qarafi, Sharh al-'Umda na al-Fakihani, Mukhtassar na Khalil da sauran matani na farko na makarantar Maliki. 

Al-Hattab daga baya ya fara tafiya ta hanyar duniyar Islama ta Gabas da Yamma. Ya shafe wani lokaci yana karatu a Misira musamman amma daga baya ya koma Tripoli tare da mahaifinsa. Lokacin da ya koma Tripoli, ɗakunan karatunsa sun zama sanannun cewa Sufis da yawa a cikin birni sun fi son halartar darussansa a kan zaman tunawa (dhikr).  Ya shafe yawancin lokacinsa yana kula da mahaifinsa a wannan lokacin rayuwarsa. Al-Hattab ya mutu tun yana ƙarami, kuma akwai asusun daban-daban game da inda ya mutu, ko a Makka ko a Tripoli.

Kyautarsa ta ilimi ta fi dacewa a cikin ayyukansa na Shari'ar MUsul (fiqh). Mawahib al-Jalil musamman yana daya daga cikin muhimman matani a cikin Maliki fiqh kuma an dauke shi a matsayin mafi kyawun sharhi game da Rubutun Khalil. Wani sanannen ayyukansa shine Qurrat al-'Ayn, wanda shine ɗan gajeren rubutu wanda ke bayyana Waraqat na Imam al-Juwayni, mahimmin rubutu a Usul (Hanyar Shari'a ta Musulunci).

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