Louise Archer

Louise A. Reeves Archer (23 ga Oktoba, 1893 - 1 ga Afrilu, 1948) malamar Amurka ce, shugabar makaranta, kuma mai fafutuka wacce ta yi fafutukar ilmantar da Baƙar fata 'yan Amurka a shekarun 1930 da 1940.  name="lva"> A wannan zamanin, shingayen launin fata sun takaita damar samun ilimi ga ɗalibi baƙar fata sosai. Waɗannan ɗaliban suna da ƙarancin albarkatu idan aka kwatanta da yaran fararen fata kuma galibi ana hana su ilimi bayan aji bakwai, koda kuwa azuzuwa goma sha biyu sun zama ruwan dare a wasu wurare.

 Rayuwar farko 
An haifi Archer a Fayetteville, North Carolina, a shekarar 1893.  Ta girma a North Carolina kuma ta halarci Kwalejin Livingstone . Ta koyar makaranta a Gundumar Southampton, Virginia, inda ta auri Romulus C. Archer Jr. a shekarar 1915. Sun ƙaura zuwa Washington, DC, a shekarar 1922, kuma ta ci gaba da karatunta, daga baya ta sami digirin farko daga Kwalejin Jihar Morgan .  name="chalk">

 Sana'a a fannin ilimi 
A shekarar 1922, Archer ta zama malami kuma shugabar makaranta a wani ɗaki ɗaya da aka ware a Vienna, Virginia, wanda aka fi sani da Makarantar Launi ta Vienna .  Archer sau da yawa tana jigilar yara zuwa makaranta da kanta kuma tana sadaukar da kanta don inganta ƙwarewar koyo. Ta kafa ƙungiyar iyaye da malamai don tara kuɗi don kayayyaki da sabon gini, wanda aka buɗe a shekarar 1939 tare da ɗakuna uku.

A shekarar 1941, ɗalibai, iyaye, da malamai sun tara dala $300, wanda ya biya kuɗin malamin kiɗa, kuɗin bas, kayan kicin, da kuma shigar da fitilun lantarki. Archer ta kuma kafa ɗaya daga cikin Gundumar Fairfax, ƙungiyoyin 4-H na farko na Virginia don 'yan Afirka, kuma ɗalibanta sun shiga ayyukan lambu don noman kayan lambu don abincin rana da aka shirya a makaranta.

Archer ta tabbatar da samun ingantaccen ilimi. Baya ga manhajar karatu, ta koyar da dinki, girki, kiɗa, da waƙoƙi ga ɗalibanta a aji na biyar zuwa bakwai, wanda a lokacin shine matakin ilimi mafi girma da ake da shi ga 'yan Afirka a yankin. "Louise A. Reeves Archer (1893 - 1948)". Library of Virginia. Retrieved 11 January 2024.

 Mutuwa da gado 
In 1948, Archer died of a heart attack while visiting family in Durham, North Carolina. She was buried in Arlington National Cemetery.

Bayan mutuwar Archer, iyalai sun yi kira ga gundumar da ta sake wa Makarantar Launi ta Vienna suna don girmama ta. An sake wa makarantar suna Makarantar Firamare ta Louise Archer a shekarar 1950. "Louise Archer taught in a segregated, rural one-room schoolhouse". ChalkboardChampions.org. 18 March 2023. Retrieved 11 January 2024. Ana tunawa da ita saboda "ƙoƙarin da ta yi na inganta damarmakin da ɗalibanta ke da shi a shekarun 1920 da 1930". 

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