Masallacin Amr ibn al-As (Damietta)

Masallacin Amr bn al-As  wanda kuma aka sani da Masallacin Abu'l-Ma'ati , kuma a matsayin Masallacin Al-Fateh,    masallaci ne a Damietta, Masar . A cewar wasu majiyoyi na gida, shi ne masallaci na biyu da aka gina a Masar, wanda aka sanya wa suna Amr ibn al-As, ɗaya daga cikin Sahabban Annabi wanda ya jagoranci mamaye Masar a Larabawa . Ya kasance cocin Budurwa Mai Tsarki na ɗan lokaci a lokacin da ' yan Salibiyya suka mamaye Damietta.  

 Tarihi 
Larabawa a ƙarƙashin Khalifancin Rashidun sun yi nasarar cin nasarar Masar a shekara ta 642. An ce Miqdad ibn Aswad ya gina masallaci a Damietta, inda ya haɗa tsoffin ginshiƙai na zamanin Romawa cikin ginin.     Bernard O'Kane, farfesa a fannin gine-ginen Musulunci a Jami'ar Amurka da ke Alkahira, ya nuna shakku kan cewa masallacin na yanzu ya yi daidai da wannan masallacin na asali. 

Damietta ta fuskanci hari daga mutanen Byzantine a lokacin mulkin Khalifan Abbasiyya Al-Mutawakkil . An kai hari kan masallacin da wuta aka kuma ƙone shi, amma daga ƙarshe aka sake gina shi bayan an dakile hare-haren. 

An gyara masallacin a lokacin mulkin Fatimiyya a shekarar 1106. An faɗaɗa ginin don ɗaukar ƙarin masu ibada. 

 Yaƙin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu 
Bayan mamayar Damietta a shekarar 1218–1219, ' Yan Salibiyya a ƙarƙashin John na Brienne sun mamaye Damietta.  An mayar da masallacin zuwa babban coci.    A ranar 2 ga Fabrairu, 1220, Bikin Tsarkakewa, Cardinal Pelagius ya sake wa masallacin suna zuwa Babban cocin Budurwa Mai Tsarki .  Duk da haka, an ci 'Yan Salibiyya da yaƙi a lokacin Yaƙin Jihadi na Biyar, don haka suka miƙa wuya suka bar Damietta a shekarar 1221.  An mayar da masallacin zuwa aikinsa na asali a wannan shekarar.   

A watan Yunin 1249, sojojin Yaƙin Duniya na Bakwai sun kewaye Damietta a ƙarƙashin Louis IX na Faransa .   An sake mayar da masallacin zuwa babban coci inda ake gudanar da bukukuwan addini.    A shekara ta 1250, an yi wa ɗan Louis John Tristan baftisma a cikin babban cocin.   Duk da haka, 'Yan Salibiyyar sun sha kashi a Yaƙin Fariskur wanda ya sa aka kama Louis IX aka kuma yi garkuwa da shi. An tilasta wa Louis ya miƙa Damietta ga Ayyubids, kuma aka yi watsi da babban cocin.   

 lokacin Mamluk 
Bisa umarnin sabon sarkin Mamluk, Aybak,  An rushe Damietta a shekara ta 1251 domin hana 'yan Salibiyya sake amfani da shi a nan gaba. An ƙirƙiri sabon birni a kudu.   Duk da haka, 'yan Mamluk sun ci gaba da riƙe cocin kuma suka mayar da shi masallaci.     An ba wa masallacin minbar katako wanda aka kammala a shekara ta 1369 kuma wani mai aikin katako mai suna Ahmad ibn Yusuf ya ƙera shi. 

 Zamanin zamani 
An yi watsi da masallacin tsawon shekaru da dama, har zuwa shekarar 2004 lokacin da aka tsara yadda za a gyara shi.    Ginin asali ya lalace gaba daya kuma sabon ginin an sake gina shi ne.  An yi ayyukan ne ta hannun ' Yan Kwangilar Larabawa, kuma an dauki shekaru biyar ana kammala su. A ranar 8 ga Mayu 2009, an sake bude masallacin ga jama'a.    Ranar budewa ta yi daidai da ranar da Louis IX da 'Yan Salibiyyarsa suka bar Damietta, suka mayar da shi ga Musulmai.  

 Gine-gine 
An gina masallacin Amr ibn al-As na Damietta kamar yadda yake a Fustat . Yana da farfajiya a tsakiya wadda ke ɗauke da maɓuɓɓugar ruwan wanka mai kauri. A gefen yamma akwai babban ƙofar shiga masallacin, yana kallon titin Al Jabana.   Kusa da ƙofar akwai ɗaki mai murabba'i, wanda a da can tushen minaret ne wanda aka lalata a lokacin girgizar ƙasa.   Yankin masallacin ya kai murabba'in mita 3420, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan masallatai a Masar.  

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