Yeheid'erding

Yeheidie'erding (Chinese; ), wanda aka fi sani da Amir al-Din (Arabic), masanin gine-ginen musulmi ne wanda ya taimaka wajen tsarawa kuma ya jagoranci gina babban birnin Daular Yuan, Khanbaliq, wanda ke cikin Beijing na yanzu, babban birnin Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin.  A cewar Cary Y. Liu fassarar rubutun Ma-ho-ma-sha Stele, ko dai kakannin Amir al-Din sun fito ne daga Yammacin Yamma, kodayake sun fito ne Daga Arabiya, ko kuma ya fito ne kai tsaye daga Arabiya. 

 Ginin Khanbaliq 
Yeheidie'erding ya koyi daga gine-ginen Han. A cikin 1264, a shirye-shiryen kafa Daular Yuan, Kublai Khan ya yanke shawarar sake gina birnin wanda aka sani da Zhongdu (中都, "babban birni", pinyin: Zhōngdū) a matsayin sabon babban birninsa. Liu Bingzhong shi ne mai tsarawa kuma masanin gine-gine na asali kuma an nada shi a matsayin mai kula da gininsa,   yayin da Yeheidie'erding ya tsara kuma ya jagoranci ginin. An fara gina ganuwar birnin a wannan shekarar, yayin da aka gina fadar sarki daga 1274 zuwa gaba. Zane na birnin ya bi Confucianism classic Zhouli (周禮, "rites of Zhou"), a cikin cewa an yi la'akari da dokoki na "9 madaidaiciya, 9 madaidaiciya", "gidan sarauta a gaba, kasuwanni a baya", "bautar kakanninmu ta hagu, bautar allahn dama". Ya kasance mai faɗi a sikelin, mai tsauri a cikin tsarawa da aiwatarwa, cikakke a cikin kayan aiki.

Bayan kafa Daular Yuan a cikin 1271, Kublai Khan ya sake sunan birnin daga Zhongdu zuwa Khanbaliq (大都, "babban babban birni", pinyin: Dàdū) a cikin 1272, kuma a hukumance ya zama babban birnin daular Yuan, kodayake ba a kammala wasu gine-gine a cikin birni ba har zuwa 1293. Zai kasance har zuwa 1368 lokacin da Zhu Yuanzhang, wanda ya kafa Daular Ming kuma Sarkin sarakuna na gaba, ya sanya burinsa na mulkin mallaka ya zama sananne ta hanyar aika sojoji zuwa babban birnin Yuan.Ebrey, Patricia Buckley. The Cambridge Illustrated History of China. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.  Sarkin Yuan na karshe ya gudu zuwa arewa zuwa Shangdu kuma Zhu ya ayyana kafa Daular Ming bayan ya rushe fadar Yuan a Khanbaliq zuwa ƙasa,   kuma daular Ming ta sake sunan birnin Beiping (北平, pinyin" id="mwSg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Pinyin">pinyin: Běipíng) a wannan shekarar. Bayan da aka naɗa Sarkin sarakuna Yongle, sarki na uku na Ming, an sake sunan birnin zuwa Beijing (北京, pinyin: Běijīng) kuma ya zama babban birnin daular Ming.

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