Bhume Naach

Bhume Naach (wanda aka fi sani da Bal puja, Namka Parva, Lokabangey, Jhyamkri rw Balka da Bulku ) yana ɗaya daga cikin bukukuwan da mutanen Kham Magar daga lardunan Lumbini na Nepal ke yi.  Kalmar Bhume tana nufin 'Duniya' kuma Naach tana nufin 'rawa' a yaren Nepal . Mutanen Kham suna yin addini wanda ke bauta wa ƙasa ( bhumi puja ), tsiron ruwa ( shim ), dazuzzuka ( ban puja ) da yanayi, suna neman ingantaccen amfanin gona da shanu.  Bikin Mayu shine babban rawar da Magars ke yi, musamman a gabashin Rukum da Rolpa . Ana yin wannan rawa a duk sassan Bhume Rural Municipality da Putha Uttarganga Rural Municipality a gabashin Rukum, kuma ana yin ta a Thabang da Jelbang a Rolpa. Wannan rawa rawa ce ta musamman da ake yi a manyan ƙauyuka inda ake magana da Parbatey Kham Magar . 

Bhume Naach rawa ce ta gargajiya da ake yi a kusa da wuta don bauta wa Duniya. Mutanen Kham sun yi imani da cewa Duniya Allah ce. Ana ɗaukar Duniya a matsayin uwa kuma mai kariya wadda ke ba da mafaka, abinci da kuma abin ci ga kowa. Don faranta wa Duniya rai, mutane suna yin rawa daga tsakiyar watan Mayu zuwa tsakiyar watan Yuni. Babban bikin yana faruwa ne a makon farko na watan Yuni. 

 Game da Bhume Naach 
Rawar Bhume ta shahara a Athara Magarat (al'ummomin Magar goma sha takwas) na yankin yammacin ƙasar. Asalin rawa ce ta gargajiya ta al'ummomin Magar na wannan yanki. Magars suna bauta wa ƙasa a matsayin babban ƙarfinsu saboda su masu bauta wa yanayi ne kuma suna yin rawa ta Bhume don girmama yanayi kamar yadda ake danganta ta da bauta wa yanayi. Ana yin rawa ta Bhume tare da tunawa da yanayi da kakannin da ke girmama ƙasa da allahntakar ƙasa.

Ana yin rawar Bhume a ranakun farko da na biyu na watan Asar (Yuni). Wani lokaci, ana tsawaita ta zuwa kwanaki biyar, daga ranar farko zuwa rana ta biyar ta wannan watan. A cikin wannan rawar, ana ɗaukar ƙasa ko yanayi a matsayin mafi girma fiye da kowa. Da imanin cewa saboda ƙasa ne muke tsira daga masu rawa, sai su durƙusa ƙasa su fara rawa da addu'a ga yanayi. Maza da mata na kowane rukuni suna shiga cikin wannan rawa. Har ma baƙi waɗanda suka nuna sha'awar yin rawar ana maraba da su sosai a lokacin wannan rawa.

A lokacin rawa, masu wasan kwaikwayo suna yin da'ira. Ana buga kayan kida waɗanda suka haɗa da sarewa, madal, paijam, chhelam da dundi (ƙaho da ƙaho) a tsakiyar da'irar. Lokacin da 'yan wasan suka fara kunna kayan kida cikin jituwa da bugu, mazan masu rawa a cikin da'irar da mata masu rawa a wajen da'irar suna fara rawa da bugun da kuma sautin kiɗan. Ko da yake ba a rera waƙoƙi a cikin rawar Bhume ba, rawa tana wakiltar tunawa da kakanninmu kuma tana isar da bayyana fannoni daban-daban na rayuwa da suka shafi ayyukan noma. Lokacin da kida da bugun kiɗan suka canza, haka nan rawan take. Ana kyautata zaton rawan Bhume ta ƙunshi ashirin da biyu da suka fi shahara a yanayinsu na asali, duk da haka har yanzu ana yin su a cikin waƙoƙi ashirin da biyu na waƙoƙin gargajiya na kwanan nan. Kodayake akwai jita-jita cewa ana yin sadaukarwar ɗan adam kafin fara rawan Bhume, babu wanda zai iya tabbatar da cewa a zahiri yana aiki. 

 Bikin 
A lokacin bikin Bhume Naach, shugaban ƙauyen ne ke zaɓen yara maza da mata kuma a aika su zuwa tudu ko dutse don tattara ruwa, ƙasa, da furanni iri-iri masu launi da mutanen ƙauyen ke ɗauka masu tsarki. Yaran suna ɗauke da tutoci masu launi da kuma patho (ɗan akuya/ɗan akuya); 'yan matan suna ɗauke da ruwa mai tsarki da abinci iri-iri. Bayan tattara ruwa, ƙasa da furanni, ana haɗa tutoci uku a kan wani babban itace don tashi a kan dutsen. Bayan sun shafe kwanaki goma sha biyar a kan tuddai ko duwatsu, yaran sai su bauta wa Duniya, su yi hadaya da patho, sannan su koma ƙauyen a ranar farko ta watan Yuni, wanda kuma shine ranar farko ta bikin.

Bayan dawowarsu, samarin maza da mata suna ɗaure tutoci uku masu haske a kan sandar katako sannan su ajiye ta a ƙasa. Suna jin daɗin waƙa, rawa da buga waƙoƙin gargajiya (wani kayan kida na gida), da ganguna. Mutanen ƙauyen suna murna kuma suna maraba da yaran ta hanyar buga ganguna da wani kayan kida na gida da ake kira majalisar dattawa . Masu bikin sun ɗauki wani abin biki zuwa kogin don yin wanka kafin a yi hadayar. Bayan hadayar, akuyar, wacce ake kyautata zaton ta tafi aljanna, ana kai ta tsakiyar ƙauyen. An ƙawata wuyanta da zane mai launin ja, rawaya, kore, da fari. Waɗannan suna wakiltar Duniya (uwar wannan al'umma ta asali), farin ciki, zaman lafiya, da ƙauna. 'Yan matan suna ƙawata kansu da tufafi masu launuka iri ɗaya a kafaɗunsu da kuma a wuyansu, yayin da suke yin waƙoƙi da rawa.

 Patho 
A lokacin bikin, wani yaro sanye da farar riga ya ja patho ko rago, yayin da wasu samari suka bi shi, suna danna patho a hankali da sanda don su sa shi ya zagaya ƙauyen. Mata da 'yan mata suna tsaye a gefen hanya suna layi suna riƙe da Nanglo wani aikin hannu na gida da aka yi da bamboo wanda ya ƙunshi toka, masara, masara, gero, tsabar kuɗi, yadi masu launi ko kwal don zuba a kan patho .

Kusan ƙarshen al'adar, wani yaro ya zo yana riƙe da abin tausayi yayin da Damais (ƙabilar sana'a) ke buga ganguna da ƙarfi. Dole ne yaran biyu su yi gudu da sauri gwargwadon iyawarsu yayin da sauran yaran ke danna abin tausayi don su sa shi ya gudu. Yayin gudu, idan wani ya faɗi, ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin mummunan alama, wanda za a iya dangantawa da mutuwa. Idan mutum ya faɗi yana iya yin rashin lafiya ko ya mutu. 'Yan uwansu na iya samun irin wannan rashin sa'a cikin shekara guda.

Idan babu wanda ya faɗi ƙasa, ana ɗaukar hakan a matsayin alama ce mai kyau ga ƙauyen. A ƙarshe, mahalarta za su je kogin su ɗauki patho zuwa wurin ibada da ake amfani da shi don bauta wa ƙasar. Ana yanka patho a kogin, ana shafa jininsa a kan zane mai launi waɗanda aka makala a kan wani dogon sanda kuma a bar su su yi shawagi a kan dutse. Bayan haka, mutanen ƙauyen za su dafa abinci iri-iri, su ba da abubuwan sha daban-daban, su ci tare, sannan su yi musayar kyaututtuka yayin da suke yi wa juna fatan alheri. Bayan wannan taron, sai su taru a babban filin da suke yin Balpuja . Wannan al'ada ce inda ake yin da'ira ta mutane kuma taron jama'a suna rera waƙa. Ana buƙatar kowane memba na ƙauyen ya shiga. 

 Rawa ta Al'ada 
Babban rawar Bhume Naach, tana buƙatar samarin ƙauye su yi rawa a tsakiyar da'ira da 'yan mata masu rawa ke kewaye da su waɗanda ke sanye da kyawawan tufafi, kayan ado, da furanni. 'Yan matan suna rarraba furanninsu don nuna girmamawa. Yara suna rawa duk tsawon yini suna kammala matakai ashirin da biyu a kowace waƙa kuma ana buƙatar su kammala dukkan matakai ashirin da biyu na rawar a cikin yini. Balpuja tana isar da saƙo ga Allah/Duniya. Tunda Kham tana ɗaukar Duniya a matsayin babban tushen ƙauna da kariya, dole ne Duniya ta kasance mai farin ciki don samun duk abin da suke buƙata, kamar abinci, ruwa, iska, haske da matsuguni. Da'irar 'yan mata ta waje tana wakiltar uwa da mai kare al'ummarsu. Shawarwarin da iyali da al'umma suka yanke suna da tasiri sosai daga matan Kham. Wannan bikin na shekara-shekara ana kammala shi ta hanyar mutane suna rera waƙoƙin baƙin ciki tare. Mahalarta suna kuka mai zafi kuma suna barin taron da fatan alheri da albarka daga dattawansu. 

Tsarin bikin wannan Bhume Naach na gargajiya alama ce ta alaƙar mutanen Kham da yanayi maimakon allah.  Bhume Naach yana haskakawa kuma yana murnar gaskiyar cewa ba tare da Duniya ba babu rai.

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba