Gulewamkulu

Gule Wamkulu (wanda kuma aka rubuta shi da Gulewamkulu ) wani salon rawa ne na al'ada na mutanen Chewa a Malawi, Zambia, da Mozambique, wanda membobin ƙungiyar Nyau suka fara yi.  name=":0"> An fassara sunan sosai a matsayin "babbar rawa".  name=":1">

Asalinsa ya samo asali ne daga tsarin mulkin Chewa na ƙarni na sha bakwai ( Maravi ), kuma wannan al'ada ta jure matsin lamba na masu wa'azi da na mulkin mallaka ta hanyar ɗaukar wasu abubuwa na Kirista yayin da take riƙe da manyan ayyukanta na ibada. Ana yin ta ne bayan girbin watan Yuli da kuma a manyan bukukuwa kamar aure, jana'iza, da naɗawa ko mutuwar wani sarki.  name=":0">"Gule Wamkulu". UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage. Retrieved 2024-07-01.

Masu rawa suna sanya kayan ado na jiki da kuma abin rufe fuska na itace da bambaro da aka sassaka wanda ke nuna dabbobi, ruhohin matattu, mutanen tarihi (misali, masu sayar da bayi), da kuma siffofi na zamani (misali, babur ko helikwafta ), tare da kowane hali yana ɗauke da halaye da ake amfani da su don koyar da masu sauraro dabi'un ɗabi'a da zamantakewa ta hanyar kuzari, wani lokacin kuma abin ban tsoro. A cikin yanayin aure na gargajiya, Nyau kuma yana samar da ƙungiyar maza da ke da alhakin farawa da kuma al'adun ƙarshe waɗanda ke nuna haɗakar matasa cikin al'umma ta manya. name=":0">"Gule Wamkulu". UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage. Retrieved 2024-07-01.

Bayan nishaɗi, takardu sun nuna cewa abin da aka yi wa ado yana shiga tsakani tsakanin halittu masu rai da na kakanninsu, yana ƙarfafa ƙa'idodin zamantakewa, kuma yana isar da ilimin al'adun Chewa a cikin tsararraki.  name=":0">"Gule Wamkulu". UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage. Retrieved 2024-07-01.  name=":2">

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an gudanar da wasu wasannin kwaikwayo don yawon bude ido ko dalilai na siyasa. Wani sauyi da aka lura a cikin rahotannin kariya a matsayin yiwuwar rushewar ma'anonin al'ada na asali ba tare da mahallin da ya dace ba.  name=":0">"Gule Wamkulu". UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage. Retrieved 2024-07-01.

 Tarihi 
Gule Wamkulu yana da tushe daga cikin al'adun mutanen Chewa kuma an gano shi a cikin takardu tun ƙarni na sha bakwai a cikin babban tsarin mulkin Chewa na zamanin Maravi. "Gule Wamkulu". UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage. Retrieved 2024-07-01.

A cikin al'ummar Chewa, ana yin rawar ne ta hannun membobin ƙungiyar 'yan'uwantaka ta Nyau kuma tana nuna muhimman al'adun gargajiya: tana biyo bayan girbin watan Yuli kuma tana bayyana a bukukuwan aure, jana'iza, da kuma naɗi ko mutuwar wani basarake. "Gule Wamkulu". UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage. Retrieved 2024-07-01.

Wannan abin rufe fuska yana ɗauke da kayan ado na jiki da kuma abin rufe fuska na itace da bambaro da aka sassaka waɗanda ke nuna dabbobi, ruhohin matattu, siffofi kamar dillalan bayi, da kuma zane-zane na zamani (misali, babura ko jiragen sama masu saukar ungulu), kowannensu yana ɗauke da halaye da ake amfani da su don koyar da masu sauraro dabi'un ɗabi'a da zamantakewa ta hanyar yin aiki mai kuzari. "Gule Wamkulu". UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage. Retrieved 2024-07-01.

Duk da haramcin mishan da matsin lamba na mulkin mallaka, Gule Wamkulu ya ci gaba da rungumar wasu al'adun Kirista yayin da yake ci gaba da gudanar da ayyukan ibada, kuma mazan Chewa da yawa a tarihi sun shiga cikin al'ummar coci da Nyau. "Gule Wamkulu". UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage. Retrieved 2024-07-01.

Salo da bambance-bambancen yankuna da aka samo asali a yankunan Chewa a Malawi, Zambia, da Mozambique, kuma ƙoƙarin kariya yana ci gaba da tattarawa da tallafawa yaɗa wannan aikin ta hanyar al'umma. "Safeguarding of the Gulu Wamkulu, the Great Dance of the Chewa people". UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage. Retrieved 2024-07-01.

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an gudanar da wasu wasannin kwaikwayo a bainar jama'a don yawon bude ido ko dalilai na siyasa, wani sauyi da aka lura a cikin kare rahotanni a matsayin mai yuwuwar lalata ma'anonin al'ada na asali ba tare da yin la'akari da mahallin da aka tsara ba. "Gule Wamkulu". UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage. Retrieved 2024-07-01.

 Muhimmancin al'adu da ruhaniya 
Gule Wamkulu wani muhimmin al'ada ne na al'ada ga rayuwar al'umma ta Chewa da kuma ruhinta, wanda membobin ƙungiyar 'yan'uwantaka ta Nyau suka fara gudanarwa. Ana gudanar da bukukuwan ne bayan girbin watan Yuli, kuma a manyan lokuta kamar bukukuwan qaddamarwa, aure, jana'iza, da kuma naɗawa ko mutuwar wani sarki, wanda hakan ke nuna muhimman canje-canje a cikin al'umma. "Gule Wamkulu". UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage. Retrieved 2024-07-01.

A lokacin waɗannan abubuwan, masu rawa da aka rufe da abin rufe fuska suna wakiltar ruhohin matattu da kuma duniyar da ke kewaye, suna shiga tsakani tsakanin halittu masu rai da na kakanninsu yayin da suke koyar da masu kallo ta hanyar wasan kwaikwayo mai kyau. Masu rawa suna sanya kayan ado na jiki gaba ɗaya tare da sassaka abin rufe fuska na katako da bambaro waɗanda ke nuna dabbobi, ruhohin matattu, mutanen tarihi (misali, masu sayar da bayi), da kuma siffofi na zamani (misali, babur ko helikwafta), kowannensu yana ɗauke da halaye da ake amfani da su don koyar da ɗabi'un zamantakewa da ɗabi'a.

Aikin wasan kwaikwayo yana haɗa abin rufe fuska na hali da waƙoƙi daban-daban, waƙoƙin ganga, da salon rawa, yana watsa ƙa'idodin ɗabi'a da ilimin al'adu a tsawon tsararraki a matsayin nau'in ilimin al'umma. "Gule Wamkulu: The Great Dance of the Chewa People of Malawi". Journal of Rural and Community Development (PDF). Retrieved 2024-07-01. Bugu da ƙari, masu wasan kwaikwayo na iya magance batutuwa masu mahimmanci na zamantakewa da barkwanci, barkwanci, da wasan kwaikwayo - gami da sharhi kan rashin da'a ko batutuwan jama'a - waɗanda aka fahimta a matsayin manzannin ruhohi waɗanda za su iya yin suka ba tare da ɗaukar fansa ba, rawar da aka rubuta a tarihi a cikin mahallin jama'a da siyasa. 

Takardun ilimi da na al'adu sun jaddada cewa wannan abin al'ajabi yana daidaita dangantaka tsakanin halittu masu rai da na kakanninsu, yana ƙarfafa ƙa'idodin al'umma, kuma yana isar da ilimin al'adun Chewa a cikin tsararraki. "Gule Wamkulu: The Great Dance of the Chewa People of Malawi". Journal of Rural and Community Development (PDF). Retrieved 2024-07-01.

 Manazarta 

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