Dance forms Andhra Pradesh

Nau'ikan rawa na Andhra Pradesh suna ɗaukar launuka iri-iri, kayayyaki, da nau'ikan rawa; kuma sun haɗa da yanayi daban-daban da kayan kida.

 Vilasini Natyam 
Vilasini Natyam al'ada ce ta rawa ta devadasis a Andhra Pradesh. Ta kusa ƙarewa bayan wasan kwaikwayo na hana deva dasi kuma abin farin ciki ya sake farfaɗo da ita ta hanyar 'yan rawa kaɗan da suka rage. Har yanzu ba a sami matsayin rawa na gargajiya na Indiya ba.

 Andhra Natyam 
Andhra Natyam wata irin rawa ce ta gargajiya da ta samo asali daga kotunan Andhra Ikshvakus. Wannan salon rawa na gargajiya, wanda ke da tarihi tun daga shekarar 2000. An ɓata shekaru a zamanin Mughal da Birtaniya, kuma an farfaɗo da shi a ƙarni na 20.

 Bhamakalapam 
Bhama tana nufin Satyabhama, kyakkyawar matar Krishna amma mai kishi da kalapam tana nufin ƙorafi ko jayayya. Bhamakalpam duka sigar wasan kwaikwayo ce (kamar Gollakalpam) kuma wasan kwaikwayo ce . Siddhendra Yogi ne ya ƙirƙiri wasan kwaikwayo a ƙarni na 17 don amfani da masu wasan Kuchipudi cikin ibada. Ƙungiyoyi da yawa suna yin wasan kwaikwayo a Andhra Pradesh kuma kyakkyawan misali ne na motsin mata a cikin rawa (lasya) sabanin motsin mata na tandava na Kathakali da Yakshagana.

 Burrakatha 
Burrakatha shine sabon suna (ƙarni na ashirin) na gidan wasan kwaikwayo da aka sani da Jangam Katha. Jangam suna yawo ne suna bauta wa Shiva.

Burra yana nufin tambura, wani kayan kida da babban mai ba da labari ya buga. Babban mai yin wasan kwaikwayo yana ba da labarin wani labari, yana buga waƙa, kuma yana rawa a kai. Masu yin wasan kwaikwayo suna buga ganguna kuma suna yi masa magana akai-akai kuma suna ƙara wa wasu abubuwan da suka faru a cikin labarin da gajerun jimlolinsu. Yana ɗaya daga cikin janapada Kalalu.

 Veeranatyam 
Wata tsohuwar rawa a jihar Andhra Pradesh wadda take da alaƙa da addini sosai ita ce Veeranatyam. Wannan nau'in rawa mai ban sha'awa ana kuma kiranta da Veerangam da Veerabhadra Nrityam. Kalmar 'Veera' a zahiri tana nufin jarumi. Don haka kamar yadda sunan rawa ya nuna, rawa ce ta jarumi.

An samo misalin Veeranatyam a cikin Tatsuniyar Hindu. Sati Devi, matar Ubangiji Shiva, ta taɓa wulaƙanta a wani biki. Wannan ya sa Shiva - Allahn halaka, ya fusata. Ubangiji Shiva, wanda ya fusata da wulaƙancin da matarsa ta fuskanta, ya ɗauki wani abin tarihi daga gashinsa ko 'Jatajuta', wanda ya halicci Veerabhadra. Ana kyautata zaton ya nuna fushinsa mai tsanani ta hanyar yin rawa mai ƙarfi; don haka ya tabbatar da sunan Veeranatynam. Rawar 'Pralayam' ce ko kuma Lalata.

Shiva mai halakarwa ko kuma 'Pralayankar' cikin fushi ya ɓata wa 'Dakshayagna Vatika' rai, wurin da aka gudanar da bikin.

Veerabhadriya (Veeramusti al'ummar, ta canza suna kwanan nan daga Veeramusti zuwa Veerabhadriya) wanda ya yi iƙirarin zama zuriyar Veerabhadra, yana yin wannan rawa mai ƙarfi da kayan kida kamar Tambura, Soolam, Dolu, Tasha da Veeranam yawanci a Draksharamam a Gabashin Godavari gundumar Andhra Pradesh, wanda aka yi imani da cewa shi ne Haihuwar Dakshahad da Veerplace.

Natyam ko Veerabhadra Natyam maza ne ke yin su a Hyderabad, Gabas da Yamma Godavari, Kurnool, Anantapur, Warangal, da Khammam.

Mataki na farko shine riƙe "Veerabhadra Pallem", wani babban faranti da aka ɗauko daga tafukan hannu zuwa gwiwar hannu yana ɗauke da wutar kafur. Rawar tana ci gaba da ƙarfi har zuwa lokacin da aka kashe wutar. Wani ɓangare na wannan bikin ya ƙunshi waƙar 'Khadgalu', inda pujari ke ɗaga dogon takobi wanda ke wakiltar Veerabhadra.

Mataki na biyu yana cikin riƙe da wani dogon sanda mai tsarki, wanda aka yi wa alama da Vibhuti (toka mai tsarki) wanda ke wakiltar 'Dhwaja Sthamba' na Ubangiji tare da ƙararrawa a saman.

A mataki na uku, masu wasan kwaikwayo suna rawa da mashi da tridents da aka huda a idon sawunsu, hannayensu, da harshe. Ana kiran wannan 'Narasam'. Masu rawa suna sanye da doti masu launuka iri-iri masu tsayin gwiwa da aka ɗaure da sarƙoƙi masu kama da kugu da aka shafa da vibhuti a jikinsu. Babban kayan kidan busa shine 'Veeranam' ko 'gandun yaƙi'.

Da farko Veeranatyam ya fara ne a matsayin al'ada da ake yi a dukkan gidajen ibada na Shiva ko Shaivite don girmama Ubangiji Shiva. A halin yanzu, mabiyan Veerabhadra galibi suna yin wannan nau'in wasan kwaikwayo. An san al'ummar da al'ummar Veeramusti a jihar Andhra Pradesh.

Suna sanye da launuka masu launuka na 'Dhotis' da 'Dates', masu rawa suna yin Veerabhadra. Ana amfani da kayan kida da na'urorin kida kamar Dolu, Tasha, Veena, Thambura, da Soolam yayin da ake yin rawar. Don saurin bugun ganga, masu rawa suna yin rawar halaka. Ana buƙatar dogayen matakai da motsin hannu masu ƙarfi don yin Veeranatyam. Draksharama a gundumar Gabashin Godavari musamman yana shaida wannan salon rawa.

'Yar rawa Veerabhadra tana riƙe da rawar Veera khagan (takobi) a daidai gwargwado kamar kalmomin da ake kira 'Dhandakas' waɗanda sauran 'yan rawa ke rerawa a lokaci guda suna bugun Veera Bhadra, wanda yayi kama da ihun yaƙi don ƙalubalantar abokan gaba, rawar Veera Bhadra tana da fushi sosai kuma tana nuna motsin rai mai yawa.

 Butta bommalu 
Butta Bommalu, wata irin rawa ce ta gargajiya, wacce ta shahara a Tanuku da ke gundumar West Godavari ta Andhra Pradesh, wadda a zahiri take nufin an yi kayan wasan kwando da ƙushin itace, busasshiyar ciyawa da kuma najasar shanu . Kowace mai rawa tana sanya abin rufe fuska daban-daban a kai da kafadu, wanda hakan ke faɗaɗa girman mai wasan kwaikwayo da kuma rawa zuwa salon da ba na magana ba wanda ke ƙara launi ga motsin.

 Tholu bommalata 
Tholu bommalata wani nau'i ne na wasan 'yar tsana wanda ya samo asali daga jihar Andhra Pradesh ta Indiya.  Ya fi nuna shirye-shiryen da aka yi daga littattafan almara. 'Yan tsana suna da girma, suna da haɗin kugu, kafadu, gwiwar hannu, da gwiwoyi. Waƙar gargajiya ta yankin tana tasiri ga kiɗan da aka yi a cikin shirin.

 Dappu 
An yi shi da fatar akuya, kamar ana bugun ganga da sanduna, wanda hakan ke haifar da wani salon da ke laushi ta hanyar ƙararrawar idon ƙafa da masu rawa 16 zuwa 20 ke sakawa. Wani ɓangare na al'adar Telangana wadda ke ganin masu rawa na Dappu a gaban kowace jerin gwano, ko don jatakas ne, bukukuwa, ko aure, wannan hakika biki ne na ƙarfin rawa. Wannan salon fasaha mai rai ya fito ne daga gundumar Nizamabad . Masu wasan kwaikwayo suna sanya kayan kwalliya masu launuka iri-iri kuma har ma da kayan ado masu launuka iri-iri suna rawa bisa ga tsarin kiɗan da aka saita ta hanyar kuge, tabla da harmonium . Yawancin lokaci ana aiwatar da jigogi na tatsuniyoyi kuma masu sauraro suna zaune ne a karkara. Yana ɗaya daga cikin janapada Kalalau.

 Tappeta Gullu 
Wannan rawa ce da ta shahara a Gundumomin Srikakulam da Vizianagaram, wacce ake yi wa addu'a da ke kiran Allahn Ruwan sama da kuzari, saurinsa, da kuma saurinsa . Haka kuma ana yin ta a lokacin bukukuwa, ana ganin mawaka 15 zuwa 20 masu kuzari da ganguna a wuyansu, suna haifar da bugun da ke jan hankali da kuma wasannin kwaikwayo masu tayar da hankali.

 Lambadi 
Banjaras, wata ƙabila 'yar ƙauye da ba ta da nisa da yankin Andhra Pradesh, tana yin Lambadi tare da ayyukan yau da kullun na girbi, shuka, shuka, da sauransu. Tufafin Lambadi da aka yi wa ado da madubai da beads na gilashi, kayan ado masu kyau, munduwa na hauren giwa, ƙafar tagulla, da kuma salon halitta sun sa wannan rawa ta zama abin farin ciki mai launi wanda shine babban abin da ke jan hankalin mutane da yawa a lokacin bukukuwa.

 Dhimsa 
Rawar Dhimsa rawa ce ta matasa da tsofaffi, maza da mata na ƙabilun Valmiki, Bogata, Khond, da Kotia da ke zaune a kwarin Araku mai ban sha'awa a cikin tsaunukan gundumar Vishakhapatnam. Ana buga mujallar wata-wata mai suna Dhimsa a cikin [harshen Telugu] Kabilun suna rawa a cikin watannin Chaitra wato Maris da Afrilu, a kan bukukuwa da sauran bukukuwa. A lokacin bukukuwa, masu rawa na wani ƙauye suna ziyartar ɗayan don shiga cikin rawa da shiga cikin liyafar al'umma. Irin waɗannan rawa ana kiransu da "Sankidi Kelbar". Babban fasalin rawa ta Dhimsa shine cewa tana haɗa abota da 'yan'uwa tsakanin mutanen ƙauyuka daban-daban. Kasancewar wannan rawa ce ta ƙabila, matan da ke sanye da kayan ado na ƙabila suna rawa a cikin ƙungiyar kamar Mori, Kiridi, Tudumu, Dappu, da Jodukommulu.

Ahimsa ta rabu zuwa nau'ikan rawa guda takwas daban-daban. Boda Dimsa rawa ce ta ibada don girmama allahiyar ƙauyen. Maza a dama da mata a hagu suna yin layuka biyu kuma suna riƙe junansu da ƙarfi a bayansu. Mutum na farko a layin dama da tarin fuka-fukan dawaki a hannu a matakai masu kyau ya zama jagora yayin da mutum na ƙarshe a layin hagu ya haɗu da shi. Sannan duk masu rawa da sautin ƙafafu suna motsa zigzag a cikin rawa maciji a cikin da'ira suna cewa "Hari" da "Hui" suna komawa zuwa layuka. A Gundert dims ko Usku Dimsa, wani ɗan rawa namiji yayin da yake waƙa yana aika gayyatar mata su yi rawa tare da shi. Bayan haka, namiji da mace masu matakai masu ƙarfi suna tafiya gaba da baya a cikin da'ira. A cikin Allah Beta Dimsa, masu rawa suna durƙusawa gaba da tashi da lilo suna tafiya kimanin matakai ashirin da biyar kuma suna dawowa ta wannan hanyar sau huɗu zuwa biyar. Rawar Poster-Tola Dimsa tana wakiltar ɗaukar ganye. Rabin 'yan rawa suna tsaye gefe da gefe a jere, yayin da sauran ke tsaye a bayan layin farko ta hanya ɗaya kuma suna riƙe hannayensu a kan kafadun 'yan rawa da ke tsaye a gaba. Suna juya kawunansu zuwa dama da hagu layukan biyu suna tafiya gaba da baya. Bhag Dimsa rawa ce ta fasaha game da yadda za a tsere daga harin damisa. Rabin 'yan rawa suna yin da'ira suna riƙe da hannu da hannu. Suna tsaye a kan yatsunsu, suna sunkuya da ɗaga kawunansu. Suna motsawa da sauri, sauran suna shiga da'irar kuma suna samar da "Coil na maciji". Ana maimaita wannan sau da yawa. Natikari Dimsa rawa ce ta kaɗaici da Valmikis ke yi a bikin Diwali musamman. Kunda Dimsa rawa ce inda 'yan rawa ke tura junansu da kafadunsu yayin da suke juyawa cikin tsari. Rawar Baya Dimsa rawa ce ta mai sihirin ƙabilanci lokacin da allahiyar ƙauye ta mallake shi. Duk 'yan ƙauyen da hannuwansu sun durƙusa don yin kwaikwayon "Ganachari". Wannan yana ci gaba har sai mai sihiri ya dawo cikin al'ada Rawar Dimsa tana nuna haɗin kan al'umma ba tare da nuna wariya ba. Waɗannan salon rawa da ke ƙara wa rayuwarsu ƙarfi suna cikin gadon al'adunsu. Duk da cewa abubuwa sun canza sosai, duk da haka mutanen tsaunuka sun ci gaba da riƙe al'adunsu ba tare da ɓarna ba. Ta hanyar rawansu ba za a iya haɗa su cikin kowace irin salon gargajiya ba, duk da haka sun yi daidai da salon "Aditala" ko "Rupakatala".

 Kolatam 
'Kolatam', ko kuma rawa ta sanda, ɗaya ce daga cikin shahararrun labaran rawa a Andhra Pradesh.  Ana kuma kiranta da Kolannalu ko Kolkolannalu. Wasan kwaikwayo na karkara wanda galibi ake yi a lokacin bukukuwan ƙauye, kolata kim haɗakar motsin rawa, waƙoƙi, da kiɗa ne. An san shi da Dandia ras a Gujarat, Garbha a Rajasthan, da sauransu. Ƙungiyar Kolatam ta ƙunshi 'yan rawa tsakanin 8 zuwa 40. A kolatam, wanda 'yan wasa 8 zuwa 40 suka yi, an haɗa su biyu, Sanda ce ke ba da babban salon rawa. Masu fasaha waɗanda shugaban ke jagoranta suna tafiya zuwa da'ira biyu, da'irar ciki tana karɓar bugun yayin da da'irar waje ke ba su. Kolatam tana ba da nishaɗi iri-iri ga masu kallo da kuma mahalarta. తెలుగుదనంలో కోలాటం గురించి వ్యాసం.

Ana kuma kiran Kolatam Kolanna a gundumar Prakasam na jihar Andhra Pradesh. Haka kuma raye-rayen Gobbi, Madhuri, Chari, Kumi

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba