Robert Dudley (mai bincike)

Sir Robert Dudley (7 ga Agusta 1574 - 6 ga Satumba 1649) ɗan ƙasar Ingila ne mai bincike da kuma mai zane-zane. A shekara ta 1594, ya jagoranci wani balaguro zuwa Yammacin Indiya, wanda ya rubuta wani labari game da shi. Ɗan da ba shi da aure ga Robert Dudley, Earl na farko na Leicester, ya gaji mafi yawan kadarorin Earl bisa ga wasiyyar mahaifinsa, gami da Gidan Kenilworth .

A shekarar 1603–1605, ya yi ƙoƙarin tabbatar da sahihancinsa a kotu ba tare da nasara ba. Bayan haka ya bar Ingila har abada, inda ya sami sabuwar rayuwa don hidimar manyan sarakunan Tuscany . A can, ya yi aiki a matsayin injiniya kuma mai gina jiragen ruwa, kuma ya tsara kuma ya buga Dell'Arcano del Mare (1645–1646), tatsuniyar teku ta farko da ta shafi duniya baki ɗaya. Shi ma ƙwararren mai kula da jiragen ruwa ne kuma masanin lissafi. A Italiya, ya sanya wa kansa suna " Earl of Warwick and Leicester", da kuma " Duke of Northumberland ", taken da Sarki Ferdinand na II ya amince da shi.

An yi wa Dudley kallon mai son auren jinsi ɗaya, domin ya auri Alice Leigh tun yana ɗan Cocin Ingila, amma ya auri 'yar uwarsa Elizabeth Southwell bayan ya bar Alice ya koma Roman Katolika . A auren na biyu, ma'auratan sun sami izinin zama Paparoma saboda 'yan uwansu na jini ne.

 Rayuwar farko 
Robert Dudley ɗan Robert Dudley ne, Earl na farko na Leicester da kuma masoyinsa Douglas Sheffield, 'yar William Howard, Baron na farko Howard na Effingham . Ya girma a gidajen mahaifinsa da abokan mahaifinsa, amma yana da izinin zuwa ganin mahaifiyarsa duk lokacin da ta so.  Mahaifiyarsa ta auri Sir Edward Stafford a watan Nuwamba na 1579, sannan ta tafi Paris. Leicester tana son ɗansa kuma sau da yawa tana yin tafiye-tafiye don ganinsa. 

An bai wa Dudley ilimi mai kyau kuma an yi masa rajista a Cocin Christ, Oxford, a shekara ta 1587, tare da matsayin filius comitis ("ɗan Earl"). A can, mai ba shi shawara shi ne Thomas Chaloner, wanda shi ma ya zama abokinsa na kud da kud. [1] A shekara ta 1588, lokacin da rundunar sojojin Spain ta yi wa Ingila barazana a lokacin Yaƙin Anglo-Spanish, Robert mai shekaru 14 ya haɗu da mahaifinsa, wanda ke jagorantar rundunar sojoji a sansanin Tilbury, yana shirin yin tsayayya da mamayar Spain, amma a ranar 4 ga Satumba, Earl na Leicester ya mutu. [2] Wasiyyarsa ta ba wa Dudley babban gado, gami da gidan sarauta da kadarori a Kenilworth, da kuma mutuwar kawunsa, Ambrose Dudley, Earl na 3 na Warwick, sarakunan Denbigh da Chirk . [3]

 Manazarta 

 Adams, Simon (2008a): "Dudley, Sir Robert (1574–1649)" Oxford Dictionary of National Biography edition onlayn. Janairu 2008 (ana buƙatar biyan kuɗi) An dawo da shi 2010-04-03
 Adams, Simon (2008b): "Sheffield, Douglas, Lady Sheffield (1542/3–1608)" Oxford Dictionary of National Biography edition onlayn. Janairu 2008 (ana buƙatar biyan kuɗi) An dawo da shi 2010-04-03
 Karanta, Conyers (1936): Wasika daga Robert, Earl na Leicester, zuwa ga wata Uwa Jaridar Laburare ta Huntington Lamba 9 Afrilu 1936
 Rickman, Johanna (2008): Soyayya, Sha'awa, da Lasisi a Ingila ta Farko ta Zamani: Jima'i Ba bisa Ka'ida ba da Bugawa ta Ashgate 
 Matsayin, Raymond E. (2003): "Sir Robert Dudley Duke na Northumberland" a cikin Tarihi na Yau Maris 2003
 Warner, GF (1899): Tafiyar Robert Dudley zuwa Yammacin Indiya, 1594–1595 Hakluyt Society
 Wilson, Derek (1981): Sweet Robin: Tarihin Rayuwar Robert Dudley Earl na Leicester 1533–1588 Hamish Hamilton