Lavani

Lavani wani nau'in kiɗa ne da ya shahara a Maharashtra, Indiya .  Lavani haɗakar waƙa ce ta gargajiya da rawa, waɗanda suka yi musamman ga bugun dholki, wani kayan kida na busa. An san Lavani da ƙarfin kida. Lavani ya ba da gudummawa sosai ga ci gaban gidan wasan kwaikwayo na gargajiya na Marathi.  A Maharashtra da kudancin Madhya Pradesh, mata masu wasan kwaikwayo suna sanye da sarees masu tsayin yadi tara waɗanda ake kira Lugade saree. Ana rera waƙoƙin cikin sauri.

 Kalmomin Tarihi 
A bisa wata al'ada, an samo kalmar Lavani ne daga kalmar ' Lavanya''' wadda ke nufin 'kyakkyawa'. [ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2026)">ana buƙatar ambato</span> ]

 Asali 
Rawar Lavani ta samo asali ne daga Maharashtra a ƙarni na 18 da 19. Sarakunan Maratha da Sarakuna ne ke kula da masu rawa na Lavani.

Galibi , Dhangars ko Shepherd da ke zaune a Solapur, Maharashtra ne ke yin rawar Lavani. 

 Tarihi da nau'ikan 
A al'adance, wannan nau'in rawa ta gargajiya tana magana ne game da batutuwa daban-daban da suka shafi al'umma,  addini da siyasa. Waƙoƙin da ke cikin 'Lavani' galibi suna da motsin rai a cikin motsin rai kuma tattaunawar ta kan kasance mai ƙarfi a cikin barkwanci na zamantakewa da siyasa.  Da farko, ana amfani da shi azaman nau'in nishaɗi da ƙarfafawa ga sojoji da suka gaji. Waƙoƙin Lavani, waɗanda ake rera su tare da rawa, galibi suna da ban dariya da kuma sha'awa a cikin yanayi. Ana kyautata zaton asalinsu yana cikin Prakrit Gathas wanda Hala ta tattara.  Nirguni Lavani (fasaha) da Shringari Lavani (na sha'awa) sune nau'ikan biyu. Waƙar ibada ta ƙungiyar Nirguni ta shahara a ko'ina cikin Malwa .

Lavani ya samo asali ne daga wasanni biyu daban-daban, wato Phadachi Lavani da Baithakichi Lavani. Lavani ta rera waƙa kuma ta yi fice a wani wasan kwaikwayo a bainar jama'a a gaban jama'a a cikin wani yanayi na wasan kwaikwayo ana kiranta Phadachi Lavani kuma duk Tamasha Troupe (phad) a Maharashtra suna gabatar da ita a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan sassanta. Mawaƙin Lavani Bashir Momin Kavathekar ya rubuta waƙar Lavani sosai ga Tamasha Troups of Maharashtra a ƙarshen ƙarni na ashirin.   Lokacin da aka rera waƙar Lavani a cikin ɗaki mai rufe don 'yan kallo na sirri da zaɓaɓɓu ta wata yarinya da ke zaune a gaban masu sauraro, an san ta da Baithakichi Lavani. Wani nau'in Mujra ne da aka yi wa maza kuma nesa da ƙauyen ba tare da damar mata ko iyalai su kalli waƙoƙin ba. An rubuta waƙoƙin da ma'ana biyu ta jima'i.

 Tufafi 
Matan da ke yin lavani suna sanya doguwar sari da ake kira nauvari, tsayinta yadi 9. An lulluɓe sari ɗin da siffa mai kama da wando, kamar yadda aka saba dangantawa da al'adun Maratha. Masu rawa suna yin bun (juda a cikin Hindi ko ambada a Marathi) a gashinsu. Suna sanya kayan ado masu nauyi waɗanda suka haɗa da sarƙoƙi (kamar su thushi, bormaal, da pohehaar) 'yan kunne (zumka), anklets ( ghungru), bel a kugu (kamarpatta), bangs, sindoor, da sauransu. Yawanci suna sanya babban bindi mai launin ja mai duhu a goshinsu. 
Ana kiran mazan da ke rawa a Lavani tare da mata masu rawa a matsayin 'yan rawa nat ko kuma 'yan kinnars .

Ko da yake farkon Lavani za a iya gano shi tun daga shekarun 1560, amma ya shahara a zamanin mulkin Peshwa . Wasu mawakan Marathi Shahir da suka shahara, waɗanda suka haɗa da Parasharam (1754-1844), Ram Joshi (1762-1812), Anant Fandi (1744-1819), Honaji Bala (1754-1844), Prabhakar (1769-1843), Saganbhau, Lok Shahir Annabhau Sathe (1 ga Agusta 1920 - 18 ga Yuli 1969) da Bashir Momin Kavathekar  (1 ga Maris 1947 - 12 ga Nuwamba 2021) sun ba da gudummawa sosai ga ci gaban wannan nau'in kiɗa. Lokshahir Bashir Momin Kavathekar ya shahara a tsakanin shahararrun 'yan wasan Lavani kuma waƙoƙinsa sun kasance suna gabatar da su a kan dandamali ta hanyar mawaka daban-daban kamar Ms. Surekha Punekar, Ms. Sandhya Mane, Ms. Roshan Satarkar da kuma ƙungiyar Tamasha da yawa tun farkon shekarun 1970.    Waƙoƙinsa na gargajiya da na Lavani sun burge masu kallo, sun taimaka wajen ci gaba da shaharar 'Tamasha' kuma sun ba shi kyautar 'Vithabai Narayangavkar Lifetime Achievement Award' saboda gudummawar da ya bayar a tsawon rayuwarsa.  Honaji Bala ya gabatar da tabla a madadin dholki na gargajiya. Ya kuma ƙirƙiro Baithakichi Lavani'', wani nau'in waƙa, wanda mawakin ke gabatarwa a matsayinsa.

Shringar Lavani galibi mace ce ke rera waƙa da rawa a kan dandamali, kuma namiji ne ke rubuta ta. Vithabai Bhau Mang Narayangaonkar, Kantabai Satarkar, Surekha Punekar, Mangala Bansode, Sandhya Mane, Roshan Satarkar sanannu ne mawakan da ke gabatar da Lavani a kan dandamali. Ana iya kiran Lavani a matsayin waƙar soyayya da wata mata ke rera waka wadda take jiran masoyinta ya karɓe ta, wadda ke sha'awar soyayyarsa. Yawancin masu rawa na Lavani sun fito ne daga wasu kabilu na Maharashtra kamar Mahar Kolhati, da Matang .

Fina-finan Marathi sun taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen samar da nau'in Lavani ga jama'a. Fina-finai kamar Pinjara da Natarang ba wai kawai sun yi ƙoƙarin haɗa kiɗan gargajiya da saƙonnin zamantakewa ba, har ma sun taimaka wajen nuna Lavani a matsayin mai kyau.

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba