Hsing Yun

Hsing Yun ( Chinese    ; 19 ga Agusta 1927 - 5 ga Fabrairu 2023) ya kasance malamin addinin Buddha na kasar Sin, malami, kuma mai taimakon jama'a wanda ke zaune a Taiwan. Shi ne wanda ya kafa tsarin addinin Buddha na Fo Guang Shan, sannan kuma kungiyar Buddha ta kasa da kasa mai suna Light International Association. An dauke Hsing Yun a matsayin babban mai goyon bayan addinin Buddha na dan Adam kuma daya daga cikin malaman addinin Buddha na zamani na Taiwan . A Taiwan, an fi saninsa da daya daga cikin " Sarakunan Sama Hudu " na addinin Buddha na Taiwan, tare da wadanda suka yi zamani da shi: Jagora Sheng-yen na Dutsen Drum, Jagora Cheng Yen na Tzu Chi da Jagora Wei Chueh na Chung Tai Shan .   

 Tarihin Rayuwa 
An haifi Hsing Yun Lee Kuo-shen ( pinyin : Lǐ Guóshēn ) a shekarar 1927 a ƙauyen Jiangdu ( Yangzhou na zamani), Lardin Jiangsu a Jamhuriyar China . Farkon bayyanar Hsing Yun ga addinin Buddha ya fito ne daga kakarsa, mai bin addinin Buddha kuma mai tunani. Kafin rayuwar sufaye, ya raka mahaifiyarsa zuwa Nanjing don neman mahaifinsa da ya ɓace amma ba su yi nasara ba. [1] A shekarar 1938 ya shiga rayuwar sufaye yana da shekaru 12, inda ya naɗa shi sabon shiga a Haikalin Qixia a ƙarƙashin Zhikai, inda ya sami sabon shiga Jinjue. Ya sami umarnin upasampadā vinaya a ƙarƙashin Ruoshun a wannan haikalin a shekarar 1941 kuma ya sami sunan dharma Wuche.

Ba da daɗewa ba bayan ya ɗauki cikakkun ƙa'idodi, Hsing Yun ya fara samun wahayi daga salon zamani na addinin Buddha a shekarar 1945 yayin da yake karatu a Kwalejin Buddha ta Jiaoshan. A can ya koyi game da kiran malamin addinin Buddha Taixu na yin gyara a cikin addinin Buddha da Sangha. A wani lokaci, ya ɗauki sunan "Hsing Yun" - " nebula " a cikin Sinanci - don nuna sabuwar falsafarsa.  Ya gudu daga babban yankin China zuwa Taiwan a shekarar 1949 bayan nasarar kwaminisanci a yakin basasa amma an kama shi tare da wasu malaman addinin Buddha da dama. An saki Hsing Yun da sauran bayan kwanaki 23, sannan ya shafe shekaru da yawa masu zuwa yana haɓaka manyan mabiya da kafa gidajen ibada da yawa. A shekarar 1966, Hsing Yun ya sayi wasu filaye a Kaohsiung kuma ya fara gina babban gidan ibada. Bayan kammala wani ɓangare, an buɗe haikalin a shekarar 1967 kuma daga baya zai zama hedikwatar ƙungiyar addinin Buddha ta Fo Guang Shan. 

Tsarin addinin Buddha na Fo Guang Shan na Hsing Yun yana goyon bayan addinin Buddha na "Humanistic",   kuma Hsing Yun da kansa shine babban malamin addinin har zuwa lokacin da ya yi murabus a shekarar 1985.   Bayan murabus dinsa, Hsing Yun ya kafa Ƙungiyar Ƙasa da Ƙasa ta Buddha (BLIA) a matsayin ƙungiyar addinin Buddha ta Humanistic. 

Daga ƙarshe Fo Guang Shan ya girma ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu ruwa da tsaki a zamantakewa a Taiwan; ƙungiyar ta kafa makarantu da kwalejoji da dama,  kuma tana gudanar da gidajen marayu, gidaje ga tsofaffi, da shirye-shiryen gyaran miyagun ƙwayoyi a gidajen yari. Fo Guang Shan ya kuma shiga cikin wasu ayyukan agaji na ƙasashen duniya.  

Fo Guang Shan ya shigo babban yankin kasar Sin a farkon karni na 21, inda ya fi mai da hankali kan sadaka da farfado da al'adun kasar Sin maimakon yada addinin Buddha domin gujewa rikici da gwamnatin kasar Sin, wadda ke adawa da yin wa'azi. Kasancewar Fo Guang Shan a kasar Sin ya karu a karkashin shugabancin babban sakataren kasar Xi Jinping bayan ya fara wani shiri na farfado da addinan gargajiya na kasar Sin.  A cewar Hsing Yun, burinsa a babban yankin kasar Sin shi ne yin aiki tare da gwamnatin babban yankin don sake gina al'adun kasar Sin bayan lalata juyin juya halin al'adu, maimakon inganta addinin Buddha a babban yankin. 

Hedikwatar Fo Guang Shan da ke Kaohsiung a halin yanzu ita ce babbar gidan ibada na addinin Buddha a Taiwan. Baya ga haka, wannan otal ɗin yana da hanyar sadarwa ta rassa sama da 300 a duk faɗin Taiwan,  da kuma rassa da dama a duk duniya a aƙalla ƙasashe hamsin,  ciki har da Amurka, Ostiraliya, Afirka ta Kudu, da Brazil. 

 Siyasa 
A Taiwan, Hsing Yun ya shahara saboda ayyukansa a harkokin siyasa, musamman a matsayin mai goyon bayan manufofin China ɗaya tilo da kuma dokokin gwamnati da Kuomintang ke tallafawa, kuma an soki shi saboda ra'ayoyinsa daga waɗanda ke goyon bayan 'yancin kai na Taiwan da kuma manyan addinai, a matsayin siyasa a bayyane kuma "ta yi nisa da damuwar al'adun sufaye".   A lokacin zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na 2008, Hsing Yun ta goyi bayan ɗan takarar Kuomintang Ma Ying-jeou a bainar jama'a.  A lokacin taron Buddha na duniya na biyu a 2009, Hsing Yun ta yi ikirarin cewa babu "'yan Taiwan" kuma Taiwan "'yan China ne".  A lokacin yakin neman zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na 2016, Hsing Yun ta yi tsokaci mai yawa lokacin da ya kwatanta 'yar takarar DPP Tsai Ing-wen da allahiyar China Mazu, yana mai cewa waɗannan halaye za su taimaka wa Tsai ta zama shugabar ƙasa, wanda daga ƙarshe ta zama shugaba. Domin kawar da jita-jitar sauya shekar jam'iyya, Hsing Yun ya bai wa dan takarar KMT Hung Hsiu-chu goyon bayansa a bainar jama'a, wanda daga karshe ya janye daga takarar.  Duk da goyon bayansa ga Kuomintang, an san Hsing Yun a matsayin wanda 'yan siyasa na jam'iyyun biyu suka girmama. 

Ya ƙarfafa sulhu tsakanin China da Dalai Lama,  amma ya yi ƙoƙari sosai don guje wa haifar da rashin jituwa tsakaninsa da ƙungiyarsa da gwamnatin China. 

 Rashin lafiya da mutuwa 
A ranar 26 ga Disamba 2011, Hsing Yun ya sami ƙaramin bugun jini na ischemic, na biyu a wannan shekarar.  A cikin tsufansa, Hsing Yun ya fara fama da matsalolin lafiya da dama, ciki har da ciwon suga da kuma makanta. 
Hsing Yun ya mutu a gidansa da ke gidan sufi na Fo Guang Shan a ranar 5 ga Fabrairu, 2023, bayan shekaru da dama yana fama da rashin lafiya. Yana da shekaru 95 (97 bisa ga lissafin shekarun Gabashin Asiya ), kuma ya shafe shekaru 85 na rayuwarsa a matsayin mai bautar gumaka. [ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">ana buƙatar ambato</span> ]

Washegari aka sanya gawarsa a wurin zama a cikin wani akwati mai kama da kumfa a siffar Parinirvana Stupa a Kushinagar, Indiya.  An sanya gawarsa a kan wani dandali a cikin Gine-ginen Girgije inda ya kwanta na tsawon kwanaki bakwai yayin da baƙi ke yi masa gaisuwa. 
Rukuni:Mutuwan 2023
Rukuni:Haifaffun 1927
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba