Sallar Eid

Sallar Idi, kuma ana kiranta da Salatul Eid, addu'o'in hutu ne masu tsarki a al'adar Musulunci. Fassarar kalmar "Eid" a zahiri a Larabci ita ce "biki" ko "biki" kuma lokaci ne da Musulmai ke taruwa tare da iyali da kuma al'ummar Musulmi baki ɗaya don yin biki. 

Gabaɗaya akwai Idi guda biyu na tsakiya waɗanda ke faruwa daidai da kalandar wata ta Musulunci (saboda haka sunan da aka ƙara masa shine Ṣalāt al-'Īdayn ( Arabic   "Addu'ar Idi Biyu"):

 Eid al-Fitr  ( Arabic:   ), wanda aka fi sani da "Ƙaramin Idi" biki ne na kwanaki uku wanda ke nuna ƙarshen watan Ramadan, watan azumi na Musulunci mai tsarki, da kuma maraba da sabon watan Shawwal . Ana bayar da sadaka ta wajibi, ko Zakka, musamman Zakka ta Eid Al-Fitr (Zakka ta Eid Al-Fitr) ga talakawa ta hannun kowane Musulmi mai kuɗi (zai fi dacewa kafin a yi sallah) don tabbatar da cewa waɗanda ba su da sa'a suma za su iya shiga cikin hutun farin ciki.
 Eid al-Adha ( Arabic:   ), ana yin "Babban Idi" ko "Eid of Hadaya", a ranar 10 ga Zul-Hijjah (wata na ƙarshe na kalandar watan Musulunci inda ake yin ginshiƙin aikin Hajji na Musulunci zuwa Makka). Wannan Idin yana bin abin da ake ɗauka a matsayin rana mafi tsarki a Musulunci, Ranar Arafah  kuma yana aiki a matsayin tunawa da biyayyar Ibrahim da imaninsa lokacin da Allah ya gwada shi.  Musulmai masu iko suna yanka dabba ( Qurbani ) wacce za a raba abincinta tsakanin abokai, dangi, da matalauta, a sassa uku daidai gwargwado a matsayin sadaka.  Waɗanda ba za su iya bayar da Qurbani ba amma suka cika buƙatunsa za su iya bayar da gudummawar Zakka a madadinta.   Waɗannan wajibai sun shafi kowane Musulmi babba ba tare da la'akari da jinsi ba, matuƙar sun cika buƙatun bayarwa.  Tsawon lokacinsa kwanaki 4 ne.

Babu wani takamaiman ranakun hutun Idi, domin yana canzawa daga shekara zuwa shekara. Wannan ya faru ne saboda yanayin kalandar wata wanda ke lissafin watanni bisa ga matakan wata, sabanin kalandar Gregorian mai hasken rana wanda aka fi amfani da shi a yau. Kalandar wata ta fi ta Gregorian kusan kwanaki 11 gajarta, don haka daidai wannan rana tana komawa baya kimanin kwanaki 11 kowace shekara. Wannan gaskiya ne ga wasu bukukuwa, kamar Sabuwar Shekarar Sin ko Rosh Hashanah, waɗanda suma suka dogara da kalandar wata.  Kwanan wata yawanci ya bambanta a wurare a faɗin duniya, amma al'ummomi da yawa suna zaɓar bin rahotannin ganin wata a Makka don tabbatar da daidaito. 

 Bambancin suna 
Region/countryLanguageMainRomanisedArab WorldArabicṢalāh al-'EidGreater AlbaniaAlbanianNamazi i BajramitAvaristanAvarGÍidal"ul kakGreater PersiaPersian, Dari, Tajik, Namoz-i-EidRussia, Pakistan, India MaldivesHindustani, Punjabi, Russian, Sindhi, Dhivehi, , , Eid namāzChinaChineseHuì lǐTurkey, AzerbaijanTurkish, AzeriBayram namazıBalkansSerbo-Croatian, BosnianBajram-namazBashkortostanBashkirBayram namaz̦z̦aryKazakhstanKazakhAyt namazıLaksky, KulinskyLakBayram-chakBengalBengaliEid er namazSwedenSwedishEidbönIndonesiaIndonesian, JavaneseSalat IdMalaysiaBahasa MelayuSolat Sunat Hari RayaKurdistanKurdishPashtunistanPashtoTamil NaduTamilPerunal thozhugaiZazaistanZazaki

 Gaisuwar Eid 
Gaisuwa ta al'ada a ranakun bukukuwan Idi ita ce "Eid Mubarak", ma'ana "Yi Idi Mai Albarka" kuma galibi ana tare da wasu nau'ikan gaisuwa da al'adu na al'adu.

 Wuri da lokaci 
Ana yin sallar Idi a al'ada a cikin sarari ( kamar Musalla ko Eidgah ) ko kuma filin da ake da damar yin addu'a idan yanayi ya ba da dama.  Lokacin da aka tsara na fasaha na Sallar Idi, kamar yadda Alqur'ani da Sunnah suka ƙayyade (maganganun, koyarwar, da ayyukan Muhammadu ), yana farawa ne lokacin da rana ta kai kimanin mita uku a sama da sararin sama - sama da tsayin mashi, har sai ta kai ga meridian - kusa da samanta . Gabaɗaya, ana ba da shawarar a yi addu'ar da safe, kowane lokaci bayan fitowar rana da kuma kafin tsakar rana. 

Lokacin sallar Eid al-Fitr na iya jinkirtawa yayin da ake gaggauta sallar Eid al-Adha . Wannan don tabbatar da isasshen lokaci don sauƙaƙe rarraba Zakka kafin sallah ko kuma miƙa hadaya bayan, bi da bi. Wannan sunna ce da aka tabbatar kuma an rubuta ta sosai a cikin littattafan Hadisai . "Obligations of Eid-ul-Adha". Daily Sun. July 2021. Retrieved 2021-10-04.

Lokutan da aka ƙayyade na yin addu'ar sun bambanta dangane da masallatan yankin, kuma manyan al'ummomi na iya yin addu'o'i biyu don ba wa mutane da yawa damar yin addu'ar gwargwadon iko.

 Muhimmancin darajar 
Matsayin muhimmancin sallar Idi ya bambanta tsakanin Madhhabi daban-daban, ko kuma mazhabobin Musulunci. A cewar malaman Hanafi, Salatin Idi Wajib ne (wajibi). Ga fikihu na Hanbali, Fari ne (wajibi; galibi yana kama da Wajib) kuma a cewar mazhabobin Maliki da Shafiʽi, ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin Sunnah Al-Mu'akkadah (" Sunnah tabbatacciya," "a ci gaba da yin ta kuma ba a taɓa yin watsi da ita ba") amma ba dole ba ne. 

 Tsarin aiki da al'ada 
Baya ga ainihin sallar Sallah, wani ɓangare na Sallar Idi shine yin Khutbah ko hudubar Musulunci, kamar wanda ake yi duk mako a ranar Juma'a a Juma'a (sallar Juma'a ta wajibi). Yayin da ake yin hudubar kafin Sallah a Juma'a, ana yin ta ne bayan Sallah a Idi. Wannan ya yi daidai da labarin da Abdullah ibn Umar ya bayar cewa Muhammad ya yi Sallar Idi a wannan tsari. 

Ana kuma yin sallar Idi ba tare da kiran Adhan ko Iqama (kiran Larabci ba), wanda yawanci ake kira kafin kowace Sallah. Wannan ya yi daidai da hadisin gargajiya na Jabir sin Samurah, wanda ya yi sallar Idi a bayan Muhammad, kuma ya lura cewa ba a yi kiran ba. 

Wani takamaiman siffa ta sallar Idi ita ce adadin Takbir, ko kiran kalmar " Allahu Akbar " ("Allah Mai Girma") da ake yi a kowace Raka'a (raka'ar sallah) ta Sallah. Ana kiran Takbir na Sallah na yau da kullun (da kuma mafi yawan sunnah da na musamman) sau ɗaya kawai a farkon sallah da maimaitawa tsakanin matakai na sallah. A cewar Hadisin da 'Amr bin Shuaib ya ruwaito a tsawon tsararraki masu inganci, Muhammad ya kammala takbir 7 a raka'a ta farko ta sallar Idi da kuma 5 a na biyu, sannan ya fara da karatun Alqur'ani .  Hanafiyya suna kammala takbir 3 kafin su karanta Alqur'ani a raka'a ta farko da kuma takbir 3 bayan sun karanta Alqur'ani kafin sujada.

 Ƙarin sunnah 
Domin samun ƙarin lada daga yin sallar Idi, akwai ƙarin matakan da Muhammadu ya ɗauka a zamaninsa bisa ga Sunnarsa waɗanda Musulmai za su iya yi. Waɗannan sun haɗa da yin wanka ko yin wanka kafin halartar bikin, sanya tufafi mafi kyau, cin abinci kafin sallar Idin Fitr da jira har sai bayan sallar Idin Adha don cin abinci, yin Takbir zuwa da dawowa daga wurin Idin da kuma bayan kowace sallah don sauran kwanakin bikin, da kuma ɗaukar wata hanya daban ta komawa gida daga wadda aka kai zuwa sallar. 

 Mata da Sallar Idi 
An yi nufin bukukuwan Idi su zama wani biki ga dukkan membobin al'ummar Musulmi, ciki har da mata da yara. A cewar Hadisin da Nusaybah Bint Al-Harith (Umm 'Atiyah) ta ruwaito, an kira mata, ƙanana da manya, su fito su shiga cikin farin cikin Idin kuma su girbe albarkar da ke cikinsa. 

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba