Ibn al-Malahimi

Rukn al-dīn Maḥmūd ibn Muḥammad al-Malāḥimī al-Khuwārazmī (ya mutu a ranar 19 ga Oktoba 1141) masanin tauhidin Musulunci ne na Khwārazmian na makarantun Muʿtazilī da Ḥanafī .  Ya rubuta littattafai shida da aka sani da taken, amma daga cikin waɗannan an kiyaye ɗaya kuma biyu a wani ɓangare; sauran sun ɓace.

An haifi Ibn al-Malāḥimī kafin 1090 a Khwārazm . Wataƙila yana aiki a Gurgānj, babban birnin Khwārazm . A lokacinsa, Muʿtazila ya shahara a tsakanin Khwārazmian Ḥanafī, yayin da aka hana shi a yawancin ƙasashen Musulmai. Da farko ya kasance daga reshen Bahshamiyya na Muʿtazila, amma ya karɓi tauhidin Abu ʾl-Ḥusayn al-Baṣrī bayan gabatar da shi ga Khwārazm . Ya taimaka wajen juya makarantar al-Baṣrī zuwa babban abokin hamayya ga Bahshamiyya a Khwārazm . Ya koyar da tauhidin ga al-Zamakhsharī, wanda shi ma ya umurce shi da fassarar Kur'ani.

Ibn al-Malāḥimī ya kasance babban abokin adawar kimiyyar lissafi. Ya ga a cikin koyarwar Ibn Sīnā narkewar halin annabci na Islama. Kiristanci, a ra'ayinsa, shine tsarin addinin wahayin allahntaka da annabci wanda Falsafar Girka ta lalata. Ya rubuta wani tarin tauhidin Muʿtazilī na al-Baṣrī, Littafin Amincewa akan Ka'idodin Addini, amma kawai sashi na farko da wani ɓangare ne aka adana. Ya rubuta wani taƙaitaccen littafinsa, The Excellent Book on the Principles of Religion, wanda aka kammala a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1137. Wannan aikin ya tsira gaba ɗaya. A ciki ya ambaci wasu ayyukansa guda biyu waɗanda ba a san cewa an adana su ba.

Tsakanin 1137 da 1141, Ibn al-Malāḥimī ya kammala littafi na uku, Kyautar ga Theologians Game da Karkatar da Falsafa, cikakken hari kan Falsafar Hellenistic, musamman wadanda aka yi amfani da su a Jiki koyarwar Ibn Sīnā. Ga al-Mālahimī, yin amfani da falsafar Helenistic da yawa na iya yin amfani da shi don tabbatar da imani na ƙarya, kamar yadda Kiristoci ke yi da Triniti da Incarnation. Wannan aikin ya taɓa rarraba har zuwa nesa kamar Yemen, amma yanzu ya ɓace. Ayyukansa na ƙarshe, The Abstract,  wani ɗan gajeren aikin al-Baṣrī ne akan hanyar shari'a da aka kammala a watan Yunin 1140. Ya tsira a cikin rubutun hannu guda ɗaya da ba cikakke ba.

 Littattafai 


 Bayani 

 Manazarta 

 Bayanan littattafai