Hazel Sampson

Hazel M. Sampson (Mayu 26, 1910 - Fabrairu 4, 2014) tsohuwar Klallam ce ta Amurka kuma mai kiyaye harshe. Sampson ita ce mai magana da Harshen Klallam na ƙarshe, da kuma tsohuwar memba na al'ummomin Klallam a lokacin mutuwarta a shekarar 2014. Ta kasance memba na Jamestown S'Klallam Tribe na Washington.Rice, Arwyn (2014-02-06). "Eldest member among Klallam tribes, last native speaker of language dies in Port Angeles at 103". Peninsula Daily News. Retrieved 2014-03-05.

Har yanzu ana magana da yaren Klallam a matsayin yare na biyu ta wasu mambobi na al'ummomin Klallam guda huɗu: Jamestown S'Klallam Tribe, da Lower Elwha Klallam Tribo na Yankin Olympic na Washington, Port Gamble Band na S'Klalalam Indians na Yankin Kitsap na Washington, da kuma Beecher Bay Klallam na British Columbia, Kanada.

 Tarihin rayuwa 
An haifi Sampson Hazel Hall ga William Hall da Ida Balch Hall a ranar 26 ga Mayu, 1910, a Jamestown, Washington .  Ita ce jikokin Cif James Balch, wanda ya kafa Jamestown kuma mai suna duka garin da Jamestown S'Klallam Tribe na Washington .  Iyayenta sun koya mata yaren Klallam a matsayin mai magana da asali, kodayake daga baya ta koyi Turanci a matsayin yare na biyu. Mahaifinta, William Hall, ya kafa Ikilisiyar Shaker ta Indiya ta farko a yankin Olympic a Dungeness, Washington, a kusa da shekara ta 1910.

A cikin 1934, Sampson da mijinta, Edward C. Sampson Sr., sun ƙaura daga Jamestown zuwa Port Angeles, Washington. A can, Sampsons sun zama ɗaya daga cikin iyalai goma sha uku da suka kafa waɗanda suka sayi kuma suka mallaki ƙasa a Lower Elwha Klallam Reservation .  Ta auri Edward Sampson na tsawon shekaru 75, har zuwa mutuwarsa a shekarar 1995. Ta kuma kasance memba na Jamestown S'Klallam Band, wanda aka kafa a matsayin wata kungiya ta siyasa ta Klallam a cikin shekarun 1980.  A cewar shugaban Jamestown Ron Allen, Sampson, "ya ɗauki kanta a matsayin S'Klallam na farko. Ta yi hulɗa da dukkan ƙungiyoyi uku" a jihar Washington.

Hazel Sampson ta kasance babban mai ba da gudummawa a cikin aikin don adana harshen Klallam.  Timothy Montler, farfesa a fannin ilimin harshe a Jami'ar Arewacin Texas, ya fara aiki a kan adana harshen Klallam tun daga shekarar 1990. Montler ya yi haɗin gwiwa tare da Jamie Valadez, malamin yaren Klallam a makarantar sakandare ta Port Angeles kuma memba na Lower Elwha Klallam, ya tara kayan yaren Klalalam da kayan aikin koyarwa. Su biyu sun fara aiki don ceton Klallam daga yiwuwar halaka.

Montler da Valdez sun yi aiki tare da yaren Klallam, ciki har da Hazel da Ed Sampson, Adeline Smith da Bea Charles. A cikin 1999, Montler ya buga litattafai masu jagora da yawa da shirye-shiryen darasi da nufin koyar da mahimman harshe na Klallam ta hanyar ba da labari. Montler ya kuma buga ƙamus na farko na Klallam a cikin 2012 ta hanyar Jami'ar Washington Press .  Ya yi amfani da kalmomi da ma'anoni da Hazel Sampson, Smith da Charles suka ba da gudummawa don tattara ƙamus.

Hazel Sampson ta ki a ambaci sunanta a matsayin memba na hukuma na aikin Montler da Valadez, ta yi nuni da al'ada. Koyaya, ta yi aiki tare da mijinta da sauran mambobin. Masu binciken sun yi imanin cewa ta fahimci yaren Klallam fiye da mijinta da sauran mambobin aikin. A cewar Valadez, "Ta ce, 'Wannan aikin Ed ne.' Ta kasance mai al'ada sosai".  Adeline Smith ta mutu a watan Maris na shekara ta 2013, ta bar Sampson a matsayin mai magana da harshen Klallam na karshe. 

Hazel Sampson ta zauna a gidanta a Port Angeles har zuwa mutuwarta a ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, 2014, tana da shekaru 103.  Mutuwarta ta nuna mutuwar mai magana da harshen Klallam na karshe, kodayake wasu matasa sun ci gaba da magana da shi a matsayin yare na biyu. A cewar malamin al'adu na Klallam Jamie Valadez, "Ta kasance ta ƙarshe...[Mutuwarta] ta canza yanayin komai... Suna ɗauke da ilimin al'adunmu da al'adunsu. "  Ta tsira da tsararraki biyar na zuriya.

 Manazarta 
Rukuni:Mutuwan 2014
Rukuni:Haifaffun 1910