Maude Ballou

Maude Lerita Williams Ballou ( Satumba 13, 1925 - Agusta 26, 2019) ƙwararriyar mai fafutukar kare haƙƙin jama'a ce ta Amurka. Ita da mijinta abokan Martin Luther King Jr. ne kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakataren Sarki tsakanin 1955 da 1960.

 Rayuwar farko 
An haifi Maude Ballou a Fairhope, Alabama a ranar 13 ga watan Satumba,a shekarar 1925. Mahaifiyarta Mary Parker Williams ce, mahaifinta kuma malamin Baptist ne, kuma Reverend Hillary Parker Williams ne. Ta girma a Mobile, Alabama kuma ta halarci Jami'ar Southern da ke Baton Rouge, Louisiana, ta kammala karatun digiri a fannin kasuwanci a shekarar 1947.   name=":0"> 

Maude ta auri Leonard Ballou, malamin kiɗa wanda aboki ne kuma ɗan'uwan Martin Luther King Jr. Sun ƙaura zuwa Montgomery, Alabama a shekarar 1952.   name=":0">Stanford University (September 3, 2019). "Maude Lerita Williams Ballou, Martin Luther King, Jr.'s first personal secretary, dies at 93". The Martin Luther King, Jr., Research and Education Institute. Retrieved January 18, 2021. A can, Maude ta yi aiki a matsayin darektan shirye-shirye a tashar rediyo ta baƙar fata ta farko a Montgomery kuma Leonard ya koyar da kiɗa a Jami'ar Jihar Alabama .  Ita da mijinta suna yawan ziyartar Kings kuma suna karɓar baƙuncinsu. 

 Fafutukar kare hakkin jama'a 
Bayan isa Montgomery, Ballou ta shiga Majalisar Siyasar Mata kuma ta yi aiki tare da Jo Ann Robinson kan batutuwan kare hakkin jama'a. Stanford University (September 3, 2019). "Maude Lerita Williams Ballou, Martin Luther King, Jr.'s first personal secretary, dies at 93". The Martin Luther King, Jr., Research and Education Institute. Retrieved January 18, 2021.

Tun daga shekarar 1955, Ballou ta yi aiki a matsayin sakataren Martin Luther King Jr.. "Na yi rajistar jiragen sama, bincike, da rubutu. Na yi duk abin da na yi," in ji Ballou game da aikinta na King. Aikinta ya haɗa da gyara sigar farko ta jawabin King mai suna " I Have a Dream " na 1963, wanda Sarki ya gabatar a majami'u da ke kewaye da Kudu. 

A cikin littafinsa mai suna Stride Toward Freedom, labarin King na shekarar 1958 game da kauracewa bas a Montgomery, ya yarda cewa Ballou "ya ci gaba da ƙarfafa ni in dage kan wannan aikin." 

A shekarar 1957, Ballou ta kasance ta ashirin da ɗaya a cikin jerin "mutane da majami'u da suka fi fuskantar hare-haren ta'addanci" wanda ƙungiyar Montgomery Improvement Association ta tattara.  An yi mata barazana sau da yawa. A cikin wata hira da jaridar The Washington Post, ta ba da labarin wani lamari da wani mutum "ya ce Majalisar 'Yan Asalin White Citizens ta aika shi can don ya gaya mini in daina aiki don kare haƙƙin jama'a ko kuma za su sami 'ya'yana. Kuma wannan shine abin da ya same ni, idan ka yi tunanin 'ya'yanka. Wannan ya girgiza ni sosai. Amma bai hana ni ba." 

Ta ci gaba da aiki tare da King bayan ya koma Atlanta a shekarar 1960, kuma ta zauna tare da Kings na ɗan lokaci.  A halin yanzu, mijinta da iyalinta sun ƙaura zuwa Petersburg, Virginia, inda Leonard ke aiki a Kwalejin Jihar Virginia . Ta sake haɗuwa da su a can a lokacin bazara na 1960. 

David Garrow, wani masanin tarihi na zamanin kare haƙƙin jama'a, ya lura da muhimmiyar rawar da Ballou ta taka a aikin King: "Ka duba takardun zamanin Montgomery, kuma har zuwa kashi 85 cikin 100 na sa hannun suna hannun Maude. Babu shakka cewa tana gudanar da rayuwarsa, cewa ita ce mutum na farko da yake dogara da shi don kammala aikin."

 Rayuwa ta sirri 
Ballou da mijinta suna da 'ya'ya huɗu. 

 Rayuwa daga baya 
Daga baya Ballou ta koma North Carolina, inda ta yi aiki tsawon shekaru da dama a matsayin malamar makarantar sakandare da sakandare da kuma mai kula da kwaleji. 

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Mutuwan 2019
Rukuni:Haifaffun 1925
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba