Walter William Skeat

Walter William Skeat, FBA (21 ga Nuwamba 1835 - 6 ga Oktoba 1912) masanin ilimin harshe ne na Burtaniya kuma mai hidima na Anglican . Babban masanin ilimin Burtaniya na lokacinsa, ya taimaka wajen bunkasa harshen Ingilishi a matsayin batun ilimi mafi girma a Ingila.

 Rayuwa 
An haifi Skeat a Landan  ga masanin gine-gine William Skeat, na Perry Hill, Sydenham,  daga baya na Mount Street, Park Lane, City of Westminster, da matarsa Sarah, 'yar Timothy Bluck . Iyalin Skeat reshe ne na tsohuwar iyalin Surrey, kuma sun kasance mazauna Ikklisiya na St George Hanover Square tun daga shekarun 1700. Ya yi karatu a King's College School (Wimbledon), Highgate School, da Christ's College, Cambridge . Ya zama ɗan'uwa a Kwalejin Kristi a watan Yulin 1860. 

A dikon 1860 an naɗa Skeat a matsayin mai hidima na Anglican kuma ya auri Bertha Clara . A watan Disamba na shekara ta 1860, ya zama curate a Gabashin Dereham, inda ya yi aiki a lokacin 1861 da kuma mafi yawan 1862. Daga 1862 zuwa 1863, Skeat ya yi aiki a matsayin curate a Godalming, Surrey . A watan Oktoba 1864, ya koma Jami'ar Cambridge a matsayin malamin lissafi, matsayin da ya rike har zuwa 1871.

Ba da daɗewa ba Skeat ya fara sha'awar tarihin harshen Ingilishi. A cikin 1870, Skeat da Henry Bradshaw sun haɗu a kan wani bugu na Geoffrey Chaucer don Jami'ar Oxford . Koyaya, aikin ya fadi lokacin da Bradshaw ya kasa kiyaye jajircewarsa. A shekara ta 1894, Skeat ya buga bugu na shida na Chaucer; an buga wani ƙarin girma, Chaucerian Pieces, a shekara ta 1897. 

Matar Skeat, Bertha Clara, an haife ta a ranar 6 ga Fabrairu 1840, ta mutu a ranar 15 ga Yuli 1924, an binne ta tare da shi, kamar yadda 'yar Bertha Marian Skeat wacce marubuciya ce kuma shugabar makarantar. Ɗansa shi ne masanin ilimin ɗan adam Walter William Skeat . Jikansa sun hada da sanannen masanin tarihi T. C. Skeat da mai zane-zane mai suna Francis Skeat . 

 Ayyuka 
A cikin ilimin harshe mai tsabta, babban nasarar Skeat shine An Etymological Dictionary of the English Language (kashi 4, 1879-1882; rev., da faɗaɗa, 1910).  Yayinda yake shirya ƙamus, ya rubuta daruruwan gajerun labarai game da asalin kalmomi don mujallar London Notes and Queries .

Skeat kuma ya kirkiro Kalmar fatalwa kuma ya kasance babban gwani a wannan batun. Skeat kuma ya kasance mai gabatarwa na toponymy. Babban wallafe-wallafensa a wannan fagen sun hada da:

 A Concise Dictionary of Middle English (1888), tare da haɗin gwiwar A. L. Mayhew
 "A Glossary of Tudor and Stuart Words" (1914) tare da A. L. Mayhew
 Sunayen wurare na Cambridgeshire (1901) 
 Sunayen wurare na Huntingdonshire (1902) 
 Sunayen wurare na Hertfordshire (1904) 
 Sunayen wurare na Bedfordshire (1906) 
 Sunayen wurare na Berkshire (1911) 
 Sunayen wurare na Suffolk (1913) 

 Koyarwa 
A cewar A. J. Wyatt, Skeat "ba babban malami ba ne ... ya bar koyarwar ga waɗanda suka koya daga gare shi" - watau Wyatt da kansa da Isra'ila Gollancz - "koyarwarsa ta kasance mai ban sha'awa. Duk da haka laccocinsa suna biye da ƙarancin dacewa; koyaushe suna da ban sha'awar lokacin da ba su da amfani ba, lokacin da ya manta da jarrabawa da syllabuses, kuma ya zubo daga kantin ajiyar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyarsa ta sababbin abubuwa da tsoho.

Ayyukan koyarwa na Skeat sun haɗa da:

 Misalan Turanci daga 1394 zuwa 1597 (1871) 
 Misalan Turanci na Farko daga 1298 zuwa 1393 (1872), tare da Richard Morris
 Ka'idodin Ingilishi Etymology (2 jerin, 1887  da 1891) 
 A Student's Pastime (1896), tarin litattafai
 Littafin Chaucer (1900) 
 Farko na Farko da Harshen Ingilishi (1905)

 Manazarta