Erricka Bridgeford

Errika Bridgeford ƴar fafutukar kare haƙƙin bil'adama ce daga Baltimore . Ta yi aiki don ganin an soke dokar hukuncin kisa ta Maryland a shekarar 2013, kuma ta kafa kuma ta shirya ƙarshen mako na "Tsayar da Wutar Lantarki" na awanni 72 na kwata-kwata. Ƙarshen mako na Baltimore Tsayar da Wutar Lantarki ya fara ne a shekarar 2017, da fatan rage tashin hankali. An nada Erricka a matsayin Marylander ta Shekara ta 2017 ta jaridar Baltimore Sun. 

 Rayuwa ta farko 
An haifi Bridgeford a ranar 9 ga Oktoba, 1972, ita ce 'yar fari cikin 'ya'ya huɗu. Ta girma a Normount Court, wani aikin gidaje a West Baltimore . Iyalinta suna da alaƙa sosai, kuma iyayenta, ta ce a wata hira, sun kasance kamar " Huxtables of the ghetto," suna aiki a matsayin iyayen da za su maye gurbin sauran matasa a unguwar. Yankin ya kasance matalauta amma ba a cika fama da tashin hankali ba har zuwa shekarun 1980 da 90. Tun daga lokacin ta rasa ɗan'uwa, ɗan kishi, 'yan'uwa biyu (waɗanda 'yan'uwa ne), da abokai da yawa sakamakon tashin hankalin bindiga. 

Sakamakon cutar Amniotic Band Syndrome, an haifi Bridgeford ba tare da hannun dama ba, kuma yana da yatsu huɗu a hannun hagu. 

 Sana'a 
Bridgeford ta fara aikinta na aiki a wata ƙungiya da ta keɓe don kula da lafiyar jarirai. A shekara ta 2001 ta yi horo a matsayin mai sa kai a Cibiyar Sulhuntawa ta Al'umma ta Baltimore; bayan watanni biyu aka ɗauke ta aiki, kuma a shekara ta 2002 ta zama darektan horo a gare su.  A shekara ta 2005, Errika ta zama Daraktan Horarwa a Sulhuntawa ta Al'umma ta Maryland inda ta ba da horo ga cibiyoyin sulhu na al'umma 18 a Maryland, da kuma hukumomin jiha da ƙungiyoyi.  A shekara ta 2020, an naɗa ta Babban Darakta a Cibiyar Sulhuntawa ta Al'umma ta Baltimore. 

A ranar 3 ga Fabrairu, 2018, ta fito a matsayin baƙo a shirin yanar gizo na yara na Danny Joe's Tree House . 

 Ƙungiyoyin fafutuka 
Bridgeford ta shiga cikin fafutukar kare hakkin al'umma tun daga ƙarshen shekarun 1990. Mutuwar ɗan'uwanta David a shekarar 2007 ta zaburar da ita ta mai da hankali kan kawo ƙarshen tashin hankali. "Reducing Violence and Injustice Through Community Mediation". University of Massachusetts Boston. November 9, 2015. Archived from the original on December 29, 2017. Retrieved December 29, 2017.

 soke hukuncin kisa 
Bridgeford ta fara fafutukar soke hukuncin kisa a Maryland a shekarar 2009. Tare da wasu da dama da suka tsira daga wadanda aka yi wa kisan gilla, ta bayar da shaida a gaban majalisar dokokin Maryland, ta yi magana akai-akai ga manema labarai, sannan ta raba labarinta na sirri a tarurrukan gangami da sauran tarurruka.  Ta yi jayayya cewa ba za a iya samun adalci ta hanyar ramuwar gayya ba, kuma hukuncin kisa wani nau'i ne na ramuwar gayya. "Ba adalci ba ne a gare ni in sami wani gawa a madadin gawar ɗan'uwana," in ji ta a wata hira.  Bridgeford ta yi imanin cewa hukuncin kisa ya kawo ƙarin zafi ne kawai kuma ya kasa girmama wadanda aka kashe;  ta ba wa wakilin CBS shawara cewa kudin da Maryland ta adana ta hanyar soke hukuncin kisa za a iya amfani da su don samar da ayyuka ga iyalan wadanda aka kashe.  Daga baya Sanata Bobby Zirkin ya ambaci shaidar wadanda suka tsira daga kisan kai kamar Bridgeford a matsayin babban abin da ya sa ya yanke shawarar goyon bayan soke hukuncin.  An soke hukuncin kisa a Maryland a shekarar 2013.

 Tallafi ga waɗanda suka tsira daga kisan gilla 
Bridgeford ya yi aiki tare da haɗin gwiwar iyalan waɗanda aka kashe da ƙungiyoyi don tallafawa Dokar Maryland House ta 0355 (Shirye-shiryen waɗanda suka tsira daga waɗanda aka kashe). An tsara dokar ne don gano waɗanda suka tsira daga waɗanda aka kashe a matsayin ƙungiyar waɗanda aka kashe, da kuma tabbatar da samar da kuɗaɗen shekara-shekara. Dokar ta zartar kuma gwamnan ya amince da ita a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 2015.  Maryland ta zama jiha ta biyu a Amurka da ta samar da takamaiman kuɗi da albarkatu don kashe iyalan waɗanda aka kashe. [ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2017)">ana buƙatar ambato</span> ]

A wannan shekarar, Sanata Lisa Gladden ta gabatar da kudirin Majalisar Dattawa mai lamba 0512, wanda ya yi kira ga Hukumar Diyya ta Rauni da ta hada da wanda ya tsira daga kisan kai. A zaman sauraron karar, Gladden ta ce ta samu kwarin gwiwa ne daga fafutukar da Bridgeford ke yi na kare wadanda suka tsira daga kisan kai, kuma ta yi imanin cewa ya kamata a sanya wanda ya rasa wanda yake kauna sakamakon kisan kai a cikin Hukumar da ke yanke shawara kan samar da albarkatu ga iyalan wadanda abin ya shafa. An sanya hannu kan kudirin ya zama doka a ranar 14 ga Afrilu, 2014. 

 An dakatar da wutar Baltimore 365 
Mawakin hip-hop Ogun ne ya fara ba da shawarar wannan shawarar ta ƙarshen mako, wanda ke aiki tare da Bridgeford a wani gangamin yaƙi da ƙungiyar yaƙi da tashin hankali ta 300 Men March. A shekarar 2017, yayin da yawan kisan kai a Baltimore ya ƙaru, Bridgeford ya sake duba wannan shawara tare da Ogun da wasu masu fafutuka da dama kuma ya fara shiri.  Manufar ita ce a ga ko al'umma za ta iya yin awanni 72 ba tare da harbi ba, ko soka, ko wani irin tashin hankali ba; taken su shine "Babu wanda ya kashe kowa."  Bugu da ƙari, ƙoƙarin ya tara 'yan ƙasa don ƙirƙirar da halartar abubuwan da suka tabbatar da rayuwa na tsawon awanni 72, yayin da suke karɓar Kalubalen Zaman Lafiya na Baltimore.

An yi tsagaita wuta ta farko a karshen mako na farko a watan Agusta, "'Nobody Kill Anybody': Working For A Pause In Baltimore's Violence". NPR. July 22, 2017. Retrieved December 28, 2017. kuma ta jawo hankalin dubban mazauna wurin zuwa ga tarurruka da ayyukan al'umma na musamman. Karshen mako na biyu na dakatar da tashin hankali, wanda aka gudanar a watan Nuwamba, ya fi girma.  Abubuwan da suka faru sun hada da gasar kwallon kwando, ajin yoga, nunin fasaha, "Baltimore Activists Hold Second Cease-Fire as City Reaches 300 Homicides". NBC News. November 3, 2017. Retrieved December 28, 2017. shan ruwa da fenti, yawo kan zaman lafiya, da kuma sansanin sojoji.  A karshen mako na dakatar da tashin hankali na Nuwamba 2017, an kashe Tony Mason, sannan, karshen mako ya ci gaba da harbe-harbe na awanni 48 babu harbe-harbe. A karshen mako na uku na dakatar da tashin hankali a watan Fabrairu 2018, babu kisan kai. Wannan shine karshen mako na farko a shekarar 2018 wanda babu wani mazaunin Baltimore da aka kashe.  Tsagewar tsagaita wuta ta Fabrairu 2018 ta kuma fara tsawon kwanaki 11.5 ba tare da kisan kai ba a Baltimore. Wannan shine karo na farko da birnin ya fuskanci wannan tun daga Maris 2014.  Bridgeford ya yaba wa duk wanda ke cikin birnin wanda ya dade yana yin aiki mai kyau tsawon shekaru.

Lokacin da aka yi kisan kai a lokacin makonni biyu na farko na dakatar da wutar Baltimore, an kira mazauna yankin da su bayyana a wuraren kisan don su haskaka da ƙauna a cikin wurin da kuma cikin al'ummar da ta ji rauni. Wannan ya fara wani sabon kamfen, "Kada Ku Yi Kuskure", wanda ke ƙarfafa 'yan Baltimore su lura lokacin da aka kashe mutane, kuma su tuna cewa kowace rai da aka rasa asara ce ga dukkan Baltimore. Wannan kuma ya haifar da Al'adun Sararin Samaniya, inda mazauna ke zuwa wuraren kisan kai don mayar da su wuri mai tsarki.

Kokarin Bridgeford ya fara wani yunkuri na jama'a kuma "ya farkar da jin cewa za a iya karya zagayowar kisan kai kuma ikon yin hakan yana hannunmu." An nada ta a matsayin Marylander ta Shekara "saboda kawo bege ga Baltimore a cikin wasu lokutan da suka fi duhu."  A shekarar 2020, bincike da mujallar American Journal for Public Health ta buga ya nuna cewa an kiyasta an samu raguwar tashin hankalin bindiga da kashi 52% a lokacin kwanakin tsagaita wuta kuma babu wata shaida ta dage zaben a cikin kwanaki 3 masu zuwa ko kuma karshen mako na kwanaki 3 masu zuwa bayan kowace karshen mako na tsagaita wuta. 

A shekarar 2022, an sake wa Baltimore Ceasefire 365 suna zuwa Baltimore Peace Movement. 

 Lambobin yabo da fitattun abubuwa 

 2017: Jarumar Maryland ta Shekara, Jaridar Baltimore Sun 
 2017: Kyautar Gloria Hertzfelt Unsung Award, Ofishin Lauyan Jihar Baltimore
 2017: An gayyace ni don yin TED Talk 
 2017: Mai Zaman Lafiya na Shekara, Cibiyar Sulhu ta Al'umma ta Baltimore 
 2017: Mafi kyawun Baltimorean, Takardar Birni 
 2015: Gudummawar Sa-kai Mai Kyau ga Ayyukan Wadanda Aka Zalunta, Ofishin Gwamna na Maryland na Kula da Laifuka da Rigakafi 
 2023: Kyautar Nasarar Harriet Tubman & Mata ta Tarihin Nasarar Mata, Hukumar Maryland kan Tarihin Baƙar fata ta Amurka: 
 2023: Kyautar Babban Alkali Robert M. Bell saboda Gudummawar da ta bayar wajen warware takaddama a Maryland, MD Kungiyar Lauyoyi ta Jiha 
 Fina-finai: Erricka ta fito a Charm City, an nuna ta a SAGE, kuma an nuna ta a The Body Politic, wacce aka zaɓa don kyautar Emmy a 2025.

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Haifaffun 1972
Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba