Archie Thompson (Yurok)

Archie Thompson (Mayu 26, 1919 - Maris 26, 2013) ya kasance dattijo na Yurok na Amurka. Yurok sune mafi girman kabilar 'yan asalin Amurka a jihar California ta Amurka, tare da kusan mambobi 6,000.

Thompson shi ne Yurok mafi tsufa da ke raye kuma ɗan asalin ƙasar na ƙarshe da aka sani, mai magana da harshen Yurok a lokacin mutuwarsa a shekara ta 2013. Shi ne na karshe na kimanin dattawan Yurok ashirin da suka yi aiki don sake farfado da yaren Yurok. Ya yi aiki tare da malamai da masu ilimin harshe don adanawa da sake farfado da harshe tsakanin ƙarni na Yurok a cikin shekarun 1990 da 2000. Wadannan masu ilimin harsuna da farko sun yi hasashen cewa Yurok zai ƙare a shekara ta 2010 kuma Thompson ya sami yawancin yabo don ceton harshen. Yurok yanzu ana koyar da shi a makarantun sakandare guda biyar a duk yankunan Humboldt da Del Norte a arewacin California. Duk da yake har yanzu harshe Yana cikin haɗari, ƙoƙarin adana Yurok ana ɗaukarsa mafi kyawun ƙoƙarin farfadowa a California.

 Yarinta 
An haifi Thompson a cikin Gidan shan sigari a ranar 26 ga Mayu, 1919, a ƙauyen Wa'tek (wanda yanzu ake kira Johnsons, California) a cikin Humboldt County .  An tura shi makarantar gwamnati a Hoopa, California, lokacin da yake dan shekara biyar, inda aka hana shi yin magana da Yurok. Ya koma gida lokacin da yake dan shekara takwas. Kakarsa, Rosie Jack Hoppell ce ta ɗauke shi. Kakarsa ce ta haifi Thompson, wacce ke magana da Yurok kawai a gidanta, da kawunsa. Iyalinsa sun haife shi a cikin salon rayuwar gargajiya na Yurok. Yayinda yake yaro, Thompson ya kama ducks don cika matattarar gashin tsuntsaye, ya girbe seaweed, ya kama eulachon da salmon, da kuma bin diddigin elk.

 Ilimi da aikin soja 
Thompson ya sami haruffa a Kwallon ƙafa, Kwando, baseball da waƙa a Makarantar Sakandare ta Del Norte a Crescent City, California, daga inda ya kammala a 1939.  Thompson na ɗaya daga cikin ɗaliban 'yan asalin ƙasar Amirka na farko da aka zana sunansa a kan Del Norte H.S. Coach's Cup, lambar yabo ta makaranta wacce ke girmama ƙwarewa ta musamman a wasanni masu yawa. Ya halarci Cibiyar Sherman, makarantar kwana ta 'yan asalin Amurka a Riverside, California, (wanda yanzu ake kira Sherman Indian High School) inda ya koyi walda. Ya yi aiki a cikin Sojojin Ruwa na Amurka a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na II kuma an tura shi zuwa Kudancin Pacific.Romney, Lee (2013-04-07). "Archie Thompson dies at 93; Yurok elder kept tribal tongue alive". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2013-05-15.

 Rayuwa ta mutum 
Thompson da matarsa, Alta McCash, memba na mutanen Karuk, sun koma Crescent City a shekarar 1959.  Ma'auratan suna da 'ya'ya takwas kafin Alta ta mutu daga rikitarwa na faduwa a shekarar 1968.

 Daraja 
A shekara ta 2009, an ba Thompson lambar yabo ta Azurfa a cikin Ma'aikatar Mentor daga Gidauniyar MetLife da Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Ƙasa a kan Tsufa a wani bikin da aka gudanar a Washington, DC.

 Mutuwa da gado 
Archie Thompson ya mutu a wani asibiti a Crescent City a ranar 26 ga Maris, 2013, yana da shekaru 93.  Ya sami 'ya'ya takwas, jikoki ashirin da tara, jikoki saba'in da biyu, jikoki hudu, da 'yar'uwa daya.

 Manazarta 
Rukuni:Mutuwan 2013
Rukuni:Haihuwan 1919