William Thurston

William Paul Thurston (30 ga Oktoba, 1946) 21 ga Agusta, 2012) ƙwararren masanin lissafi ne ɗan ƙasar Amurka. Ya kasance majagaba a fannin ilimin yanayin ƙasa kuma an ba shi lambar yabo ta Fields Medal a shekarar 1982 saboda gudummawar da ya bayar ga nazarin nau'ikan halittu guda uku .

Thurston farfesa ne a fannin lissafi a Jami'ar Princeton, Jami'ar California, Davis, da Jami'ar Cornell . Ya kuma kasance darakta a Cibiyar Binciken Kimiyyar Lissafi .

 Rayuwar farko da ilimi 
An haifi William Thurston a Washington, DC, ga Margaret Thurston ( née Martt ), mai dinki, da kuma Paul Thurston, injiniyan jirgin sama.  William Thurston ya sha fama da ciwon strabismus tun yana yaro, wanda hakan ya haifar da matsaloli game da fahimtar zurfin gani.  Mahaifiyarsa ta yi aiki tare da shi tun yana ƙarami don sake gina hotuna masu girma uku daga na girma biyu. 

Ya sami digirinsa na farko daga Kwalejin New a shekarar 1967 a matsayin wani ɓangare na ajin farko na karatunsa. [1] [2] Domin digirinsa na farko, ya ƙirƙiri gidauniyar masu ilimin fahimta don ilimin yanayin ƙasa. [3] Bayan haka, ya sami digirin digirgir a fannin lissafi daga Jami'ar California, Berkeley a ƙarƙashin Morris Hirsch, tare da takardar digirinsa ta Foliations of Three-Manifolds waɗanda sune Circle Bundles a shekarar 1972. [1] [4]

 Sana'a 
Bayan kammala karatunsa na digirin digirgir (Ph.D.), Thurston ya yi shekara guda a Cibiyar Nazarin Ci Gaba, Gabai, David; Kerckhoff, Steven (2015). "William P. Thurston, 1946–2012" (PDF). Notices of the American Mathematical Society. 62 (11): 1318–1332. doi:10.1090/noti1300. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.  sannan ya sake yin shekara ɗaya a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Massachusetts a matsayin mataimakin farfesa. 

A shekarar 1974, an naɗa Thurston cikakken farfesa a Jami'ar Princeton . Gabai, David; Kerckhoff, Steven (2015). "William P. Thurston, 1946–2012" (PDF). Notices of the American Mathematical Society. 62 (11): 1318–1332. doi:10.1090/noti1300. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.  Ya koma Berkeley a shekarar 1991 don zama farfesa (1991-1996) kuma ya kasance darektan Cibiyar Bincike ta Kimiyyar Lissafi (MSRI) daga 1992 zuwa 1997.   Ya kasance a cikin malanta a UC Davis daga 1996 har zuwa 2003, lokacin da ya koma Jami'ar Cornell . 

Thurston ya fara amfani da kwamfuta a cikin binciken lissafi na zahiri. Gabai, David; Kerckhoff, Steven (2015). "William P. Thurston, 1946–2012" (PDF). Notices of the American Mathematical Society. 62 (11): 1318–1332. doi:10.1090/noti1300. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09. Ya yi wahayi zuwa ga Jeffrey Weeks don haɓaka shirin kwamfuta na SnapPea . 

A lokacin da Thurston ke jagorantar MSRI, cibiyar ta gabatar da shirye-shiryen ilimi da dama masu inganci waɗanda tun daga lokacin suka zama mizani ga cibiyoyin bincike. Gabai, David; Kerckhoff, Steven (2015). "William P. Thurston, 1946–2012" (PDF). Notices of the American Mathematical Society. 62 (11): 1318–1332. doi:10.1090/noti1300. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Matattun 2012
Rukuni:Haifaffun 1946