Victor Fuchs

Victor Robert Fuchs (Janairu 31, 1924 - Satumba 16, 2023) masanin tattalin arziki ne na Amurka. An san shi da littafinsa na 1975 mai suna Who Shall Live?, wanda ya yi cikakken bayani game da illolin hauhawar farashin kula da lafiya a Amurka .

 Rayuwar farko da ilimi 
An haifi Fuchs a Bronx . Iyayensa baƙi ne daga Austria.  Ƙaninsa, Lawrence Fuchs, ya ci gaba da zama farfesa a fannin nazarin Amurka a Jami'ar Brandeis . 

Fuchs ya yi aiki a rundunar sojin Amurka a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, kuma ya yi karatun gudanar da harkokin kasuwanci a matsayin ɗalibi na farko a Jami'ar New York . Da farko ya yi aiki a harkar mahaifinsa a matsayin mai sayar da kayan gashi, kafin ya koma makaranta, inda ya sami digirin digirgir a fannin tattalin arziki daga Jami'ar Columbia a shekarar 1954.

 Sana'a 
Bayan koyarwa a NYU da Columbia, Fuchs ya zama farfesa a Jami'ar Stanford a shekarar 1978.   Ya kasance mataimakin bincike a Ofishin Bincike na Tattalin Arziki na Ƙasa kuma shine daraktan FRESH-Thinking Project da CASBS a Jami'ar Stanford.  An zaɓe shi a Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Amurka a shekarar 1982  da kuma Ƙungiyar Falsafa ta Amurka a shekarar 1990. A shekarar 1995, a wannan shekarar da ya karɓi matsayin emeritus a Stanford, ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziki ta Amurka .  A shekarar 2001, ya sami kyautar John R. Commons, wadda ƙungiyar girmamawa ta tattalin arziki Omicron Delta Epsilon ta ba shi. 

A shekarar 1975, Fuchs ya buga littafin " Who Shall Live? Health, Economics, and Social Choice", wanda ya tattauna karuwar kashe kudi kan kiwon lafiya a Amurka, da kuma yadda ba ya da alaka da ingantaccen kiwon lafiya gaba daya. Jaridar New York Times ta ce ya zama "karin karatu da ake bukata tsakanin likitoci, masana tattalin arziki da duk wanda ke da sha'awar batun kula da lafiyar Amurka".  Ya sabunta littafin a tsawon rayuwarsa, inda bugu na karshe da ya yi aiki a kai ya fara bugawa a watan Oktoba na 2023, wata bayan mutuwarsa. 

 Matsakaicin talauci 
An yaba wa Fuchs da gabatar da ƙimar talauci, wanda aka ƙididdige a matsayin ƙaramin ɓangare na membobin al'umma waɗanda ke samun ƙasa da kashi 50% na matsakaicin kuɗin shiga.  

 Kwatanta kiwon lafiya a Kanada da Amurka 
A shekarar 1990, Fuchs ya buga wata takarda tare da James S. Hahn, mai taken Yaya Kanada Take Yi? - Kwatanta Kuɗin da Ake Kashewa don Ayyukan Likitoci a Amurka da Kanada . Ya tattauna bambance-bambancen da ke cikin tsarin kashe kuɗin kula da lafiya na Kanada da Amurka, sannan ya tattauna dalilin da ya sa kashe kuɗin kula da lafiya ya fi yawa a Amurka. Fuchs da Hahn sun gano cewa mafi girman kashe kuɗin Amurka ya dogara ne akan kashi 234 cikin ɗari na ƙarin kuɗaɗen ayyuka fiye da Kanada duk da cewa akwai likitoci da yawa ga kowane mutum a Kanada. Wannan ya nuna cewa ra'ayin da aka saba da shi game da adana kuɗi ta hanyar samar da ƙananan ayyuka ƙarya ne kuma tsarin inshora, kasancewar tsarin biyan kuɗi ɗaya, shine abin da ya ba shi fa'ida. 
Rukuni:Mutuwan 2023
Rukuni:Haifaffun 1924
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