Chion na Heraclea

Chion (Girkanci: Χίων; fl. ƙarni na 4 BC) ɗan Matris ne, ɗan ƙasa mai daraja na Heraclea, birni a bakin tekun Bitiniya a Asiya Ƙananan, kuma almajirin Plato ne. Tare da Leon, Euxenon, da sauran samari daga iyalai masu daraja, ya taimaka wajen kashe Clearchus, mai mulkin Heraclea (353 BC). Yawancin masu makircin sun kashe su ne daga masu tsaron jiki, wasu kuma an kashe su daga baya, bayan an azabtar da su. Mulkin birnin ya wuce ga ɗan'uwan Clearchus, Satyrus, wanda aka fi la'akari da shi a matsayin mai zalunci fiye da Clearchus.[1]

An ba da wasiƙu goma sha bakwai da suka tsira ga Chion, amma babu shakka ba gaskiya ba ne kuma wataƙila ɗaya daga cikin masu Platonists na baya ne ya rubuta su wanda niyyar rubuta wani labari mai suna bisa ga rayuwar Chion. Ya kasance da wahala sosai a gano kwanan wata, amma ana zaton an rubuta su ne a ƙarni na 1 ko 2 na zamaninmu. Wasu malamai sun fi taka tsantsan kuma sun fi son karni na 4. An fara buga su a Helenanci a cikin tarin Aldine na Harafin Helenanci (Venice, 1499), sannan a Helenanci da Latin, a cikin sake bugawa na 1606 na wannan tarin. Johannes Caselius ne ya buga bugu na farko a 1583 a Rostock. Har ila yau, akwai fassarar Latin da aka buga a cikin wannan ƙarar tare da fassarar Latin na littafi na huɗu na Xenophon's Cyropaedia ta wannan edita da kuma buga takardu a shekara mai zuwa. Wani fadada bugu na rubutun Helenanci, wanda ya dogara da sabon sake dubawa na wasu rubuce-rubuce a cikin tarin Medicean, tare da bayanin kula da alamomi, J. T. Coberus (Leipzig & Dresden, 1765). Mafi kyawun bugu, wanda ke dauke da duk abin da ke da mahimmanci a cikin waɗanda suka gabata, shine na Johann Conrad Orelli a cikin wannan ƙarar tare da fitowar Memnon (Leipzig, 1816). Ya ƙunshi rubutun Helenanci, Latin version na Caselius, gabatarwa ta Andreas Gottlieb Hoffmann, gabatarwar Coberus, da bayanin kula na Coberus, Hoffmann, da Orelli. I. During (Gothenburg, 1951) ne ya fara fassara wasikun zuwa Turanci.

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