David Komnenos

David Komnenos (Greek: Δαβίδ Κομνηνός, Georgian: დავით კომნენოსი) ( 1184 – 1212) was one of the founders of the Empire of Trebizond and its joint ruler together with his brother Alexios until his death. At least two lead seals and an inscription found on a tower in Heraclea Pontica attest that he was the first of his family to use the style Megas Komnenos. Ηe was the son of Manuel Komnenos and grandson of the Emperor Andronikos I.

 Kama Trebizond 
Rayuwar Dauda ba a rubuta ta da kyau ba; masanin tarihi na farko na Daular Trebizond, Michael Panaretos, ya kasa ambaton shi har sau ɗaya. Saboda shi ɗan'uwan Alexios ne, za mu iya cire sunayen wasu danginsa: Mahaifin su Manuel Komnenos ne, kuma kakan su na Byzantine Emperor Andronikos I. Dangiyarsu Georgia" id="mwHQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tamar of Georgia">Tamar sarauniya ce ta Georgia; ainihin yadda Dauda da Tamar suke da alaƙa ba a bayyana ba. A cewar Michael Panaretos, Sarauniya Tamar dangi ne na mahaifin Alexios (προς πατρόςὶ θεα); Cyril Toumanoff ya yi jayayya cewa kakan su Andronikos, yayin da yake Georgia, ya auri 'yar'uwar sarki George III.[1] Kwanan nan Michel Kuršanskis ya yi jayayya da ka'idar Toumanoff, yana samar da shaidar cewa mahaifiyar Alexios da / ko kakarta 'ya'ya mata ne na gidajen Palaiologos ko Doukas, duk da haka sun kasa bayar da bayani game da dalilin da ya sa Panaretos ya bayyana Tamar a matsayin mahaifiyar Alexos.[2] Ko ta yaya yanayin dangantakarsu, bayan mutuwar Sarkin sarakuna Andronikos da mahaifinsu Manuel, Sarauniya Tamar ta ba da mafaka ga yara maza a kotun Georgia, inda ake zaton an girma da ilimi.[3]

A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1204, yayin da Constantinople ta shagaltar da rikici da ke ci gaba da rikici tare da Crusade na huɗu, Dauda da Alexios sun mamaye birnin Trebizond kuma sun ɗaga tutar tawaye. Nan da nan wannan birni, Oinaion da Sinope sun bayyana ga 'yan uwan biyu. Yayinda Alexios ya zauna a Trebizond don kafa daular - ya sami kansa ba'a na kasancewa "wani Hylas na almara, wanda aka kira bayan kuma ba a gani ba" - Dauda, tare da taimakon sojojin Georgia da ma'aikatan haya na gida, ya sanya kansa maigidan Pontus da Paphlagonia, gami da Kastamonou, wanda aka ce shi ne gidan kakannin Komnenoi. Yayinda Alexios ya tattara goyon bayan sansanonin Tripoli, Kerasus, Mesochaldaion da Jasonis, Dauda ya ci gaba zuwa yamma tare da bakin tekun daga Sinope zuwa gabar Kogin Sangarios; biranen Amastris, Tios da Heraclea Pontica duk sun maraba da shi.

 Nasarar da aka samu a Yamma 
A wannan lokacin Dauda ya haɗu da wani abokin hamayya don kula da Daular Byzantine da aka yi wa rauni: Theodore Laskaris . Laskaris ya kawar da abokan hamayyarsa a kudancinsa - Sabas Asidenos, Manuel Maurozomes, da Theodore Mangaphas, yayin da yake rushe ƙoƙarin Henry na Flanders don fadada sabuwar Daular Latin zuwa Anatolia. Dauda ya aika da matashi janar Synadenos tare da wasu sojoji don mamaye birnin Nicomedia, wanda Daular Latin ta kwashe amma Laskaris ya ɗauki wani ɓangare na mulkinsa, Daular Nicaea. Theodore Laskaris ya kewaye Synadenos, yana jagorantar mutanensa ta hanyar wucewa mai wahala, kuma ya fadi a kan abokin gaba da mamaki. An hana Laskaris bin wannan nasarar kuma ya tilasta iyakar yammacin Dauda ta koma gabas ta hanyar aikin Latins a karkashin Thierri na Loos na kwace Nicomedia. Amma mamayewar Bulgarian na Thrace ya tilasta wa Latins su janye.

Don taimakon su, Dauda ya ba da lada ga Daular Latin tare da jigilar hatsi da hams. Sa'an nan, la'akari da yadda Laskaris ya ƙarfafa Sultan Kay Khusrau I ya kewaye Trebizond a cikin 1205 ko 1206, Dauda ya roki Sarkin sarakuna na Latin ya haɗa shi a matsayin batunsa a cikin yarjejeniyarsa da wasiku tare da Laskaris, da kuma bi da ƙasarsa a matsayin yankin Latin. A cikin kalmomin William Miller, "Yana da sha'awarsa ya fi son mulkin Latin mai suna zuwa mamayewa ta sarki Nicaean. "  Da zarar an tabbatar da matsayinsa, ya haye Kogin Sangarios tare da jikin kimanin 300 Frankish mataimakan, ya lalata ƙauyukan da ke ƙarƙashin Laskaris, kuma ya yi garkuwa da Plousias. David ya janye, amma Franks, ba tare da saninsa ba suna ci gaba zuwa ƙasar tuddai, ba zato ba tsammani Andronikos Gidos, janar na Laskaris, ya yi mamakin su a cikin Rough Passes na Nicomedia, kuma kusan mutum ɗaya daga cikinsu ya rage.

 Manazarta