Gardner Ackley

Hugh Gardner Ackley (30 ga Yuni, 1915 - 12 ga Fabrairu, 1998) masanin tattalin arziki ne kuma jami'in diflomasiyya na Amurka.

Ackley ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar Masu Ba da Shawara kan Tattalin Arziki a ƙarƙashin Shugaba John F. Kennedy, kuma a matsayin shugaba a ƙarƙashin Shugaba Lyndon B. Johnson daga 1964 zuwa 1968. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin jakada a Italiya daga 1968 zuwa 1969.  Ackley ya kasance memba na malamai na Jami'ar Michigan na tsawon shekaru 43 kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban sashen tattalin arziki. Bayan ya dawo jami'ar bayan ya zama jakada, an naɗa shi Farfesa Henry Carter Adams na Tattalin Arzikin Siyasa. A shekarar 1982 ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arzikin Amurka . 

Ackley was born in Indianapolis, Indiana in 1915, and was raised in Kalamazoo, Michigan, where he attended public schools and graduated from Western Michigan University in 1936. He earned a Ph.D. from the University of Michigan in 1940, and joined the faculty that year. He served in the U.S. Office of Price Administration and the Office of Strategic Services in Washington, D.C., from 1941 to 1946 and as assistant director of the U.S. Office of Price Stabilization from 1951 to 1952.

Ackley ya yi imanin cewa gwamnati tana da muhimmiyar rawa wajen daidaita tattalin arziki, ta hanyar amfani da harkokin kuɗi da na kuɗi. Ya gargaɗi Shugaba Johnson a shekarar 1966 cewa ana buƙatar ƙarin haraji don samar da kuɗaɗen da za a iya kashewa wajen faɗaɗa yaƙin Vietnam da kuma ƙaruwar kuɗaɗen jin daɗin jama'a da Johnson ke kashewa. Johnson bai nemi ƙarin haraji ba, kuma masana tattalin arziki, ciki har da Paul Samuelson, sun yi imanin cewa wannan shine musabbabin hauhawar farashin kayayyaki na shekarun 1970.

Ackley shi ne marubucin littafin nan mai suna Macroeconomic Theory, wanda aka fassara zuwa harsuna da dama kuma ya kasance rubutun ci gaba na yau da kullun a shekarun 1960 da farkon 1970.   An ba shi lambar yabo daga Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Amurka a shekarar 1968 da kuma wani tallafin karatu daga Gidauniyar Ford .  An zaɓe shi a cikin Ƙungiyar Falsafa ta Amurka a shekarar 1972. U.S. Dept of State, Office of Historian. "Hugh Gardner Ackley Ambassador Italy"

Ackley yana da ɗakin kwanan dalibai a Jami'ar Western Michigan da aka sanya masa suna. U.S. Dept of State, Office of Historian. "Hugh Gardner Ackley Ambassador Italy"

 Littattafai da aka zaɓa 

 "Farashin Dangantaka da Jimillar Buƙatar Masu Amfani", tare da DB Suits, 1950, American Economic Review .
 "Dangantakar Ceton Arziki", Mujallar Tattalin Arzikin Siyasa, 1951.
 "Farashin da aka Gudanar da Su da Tsarin Hauhawar Kumburi", American Economic Review, 1959.
 Ka'idar Tattalin Arziki ta Macro, Kamfanin Macmillan, 1961; an sake buga shi a matsayin Ma'aunin Tattalin Arziki: Ka'ida da Manufofi, 1978.
 Haɓaka Kumburin Duniya, Cibiyar Atlantic, 1971.
 "Manufar Samun Kuɗi ta shekarun 1970", Sharhin Tattalin Arziki da Kididdiga, 1972.
 Tattalin Arzikin Macro: Ka'ida da Manufofi, Ma'aunin Laburare na Macmillan 1978.
 "Kudin Farashi", American Economic Review, 1978.

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Mutuwan 1998
Rukuni:Haihuwan 1915