IIT Kharagpur

Cibiyar Fasaha ta Indiya Kharagpur ( IIT Kharagpur ko IITKgp ) cibiyar fasaha ce ta jama'a, jami'ar bincike, da kuma cibiyar cin gashin kanta da Gwamnatin Indiya ta kafa a Kharagpur, West Bengal. An kafa cibiyar a shekarar 1951, kuma ita ce cibiyar farko ta IIT da aka kafa kuma an amince da ita a matsayin Cibiyar Muhimmancin Ƙasa . A shekarar 2019 gwamnatin Indiya ta ba ta matsayin Cibiyar Fitattu . 

An kafa cibiyar ne da farko don horar da injiniyoyi bayan da Indiya ta sami 'yancin kai a shekarar 1947. Duk da haka, tsawon shekaru, ƙwarewar ilimi ta cibiyar ta bambanta da fannoni daban-daban a fannin gudanarwa, shari'a, gine-gine, ilimin ɗan adam, magani, da sauransu. Cibiyar tana da harabar jami'a  kuma tana da mazauna kimanin 22,000. 

 Tarihi 

 Asalin Manyan Cibiyoyin Fasaha a Indiya (1946) 
A shekarar 1946, Sir Jogendra Singh, memba na majalisar zartarwa ta mataimakin shugaban, ya kafa kwamiti don la'akari da ƙirƙirar manyan cibiyoyin fasaha don ci gaban masana'antu na Indiya bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu . Bayan haka, an ƙirƙiri kwamiti mai mambobi 22 wanda Nalini Ranjan Sarkar ke jagoranta. A cikin rahotonsa na wucin gadi, Kwamitin Sarkar ya ba da shawarar kafa manyan cibiyoyin fasaha a Indiya, bisa ga Cibiyar Fasaha ta Massachusetts da kuma shawarwari daga Jami'ar Illinois da ke Urbana-Champaign tare da cibiyoyin sakandare masu alaƙa. Rahoton ya yi kira da a fara aiki da sauri wajen kafa manyan cibiyoyi a cikin rubu'i huɗu na ƙasar tare da waɗanda ke gabas da yamma da za a kafa nan take. 
alt=IIT Kharagpur Main Gate|thumb|Babban Shiga IIT Kharagpur
alt=IIT Kharagpur Main Entrance Gate|thumb|IIT Kharagpur – Babban Ƙofar Shiga (Ƙofar Puri)
Saboda cewa West Bengal ce ke da mafi yawan masana'antu a lokacin, Bidhan Chandra Roy, Babban Ministan West Bengal, ya shawo kan Jawaharlal Nehru (Firayim Minista na farko na Indiya) ya kafa cibiyar farko a West Bengal. Saboda haka, an kafa Cibiyar Fasaha ta Indiya ta farko a watan Mayu na 1950 a matsayin Cibiyar Fasaha ta Gabas.  Tana cikin Esplanade East, Calcutta, kuma a watan Satumba na 1950 aka mayar da ita zuwa harabarta ta dindindin a Hijli, Kharagpur -  kudu maso yammacin Kolkata (wanda a da ake kira Calcutta). An yi amfani da Hijli a matsayin sansanin tsare mutane a lokacin mulkin Birtaniya a Indiya, inda aka tsare masu fafutukar 'yancin kai na Indiya . 
IIT Kharagpur ita ce cibiyar fasaha ta 4 mafi tsufa a jihar bayan IIEST, Shibpur (wanda aka kafa a matsayin Kwalejin BE a 1856), Jami'ar Jadavpur (wanda aka kafa a matsayin Cibiyar Fasaha ta Bengal a 1906) da Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Rajabazar (wanda aka kafa a matsayin harabar Jami'ar Calcutta don Kimiyya da Fasaha a 1914). Lokacin da zaman farko ya fara a watan Agusta 1951, akwai ɗalibai 224 da malamai 42 a sassa goma na cibiyar. Azuzuwan, dakunan gwaje-gwaje da ofishin gudanarwa suna cikin ginin tarihi na Sansanin Tsare-tsare na Hijli (wanda yanzu aka sani da Shaheed Bhawan), inda aka tsare masu juyin juya hali na siyasa a lokacin mulkin mallaka na Birtaniya.  Ginin ofishin ya kasance hedikwatar Rundunar Bomber ta Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Amurka ta 20 a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu.

 Manazarta 

Category: Indiya