Harrison McIntosh

Harrison Edward McIntosh (11 Satumba 1914 - 21 Janairu 2016) ƙwararren mai zane ne na yumbu na Amurka. Ya kasance mai goyon bayan salon zamani na yumbu na tsakiyar ƙarni, wanda ke da siffofi masu sauƙi masu daidaitawa. An nuna ayyukansa a wurare a Amurka, ciki har da Smithsonian da kuma na duniya baki ɗaya, ciki har da Louvre a Faransa.

 Tarihin Rayuwa 

 Shekarun farko 
An haifi Harrison Edward McIntosh a Vallejo, California ga Harrison McIntosh, ɗan wasan piano na ragtime, da kuma Jesusita (ɗan Coronado) McIntosh. 

McIntosh ya girma a Stockton, California, inda mahaifinsa ke aiki a Kamfanin Sperry Flour. A lokacin, birnin Stockton ne ke gina Gidan Tarihi na Haggin, wanda ya fara zaburar da McIntosh game da fasaha da gine-gine. 

A makarantar sakandare, McIntosh da ƙanensa, Robert, sun ɗauki darussan zane-zane na yau da kullun tare da Arthur Haddock. 'Yan'uwan McIntosh biyu sun ci gaba da neman zane-zane bayan kammala makarantar sakandare; Robert a matsayin mai zane da Harrison a matsayin mai sassaka. 

Shekaru biyu bayan McIntosh ya kammala karatunsa a shekarar 1933, ya zama mai zane a sansanin Civilian Conservation Corps da ke Yosemite, yayin da ɗan'uwansa Robert ya sami tallafin karatu don halartar Makarantar Fasaha ta Cibiyar Fasaha, wacce yanzu haka Kwalejin Zane ta Cibiyar Fasaha ta Pasadena, California . A shekarar 1937, bayan kusan shekaru biyu a matsayin mai zane a sansanin tare da CCC, McIntosh ya koma Los Angeles ya ɗauki darussa a Cibiyar Fasaha ta tsawon watanni shida. 

McIntosh ya fara aiki a Gidauniyar Fasaha ta Yamma a shekarar 1938, inda zai yi aiki da safe a matsayin mai hidima da mataimaki a gidan tarihi.  Haka kuma zai yi aiki a kan kwamitocin Gustav Gilbert, mamallakin shagon kayan fasaha na The Louvre, yana yin firam ɗin hotuna da hannu don shagonsa.  Bisa shawarar Harrison, iyayensa sun ɗauki Richard Neutra aiki don gina sabon gidansu. McIntosh ya taimaka wa Neutra wajen ƙira da ginin; a cikin wannan tsari, ya koyi ƙa'idodin ƙira kuma ya haɗa wurin bita a cikin garejin. Waɗannan shekarun sun kasance farkon bayyanar McIntosh ga shahararrun masu zane-zanen California a lokacin, ciki har da Millard Sheets, da kuma masu fasahar yumbu na farko kamar Gertrud da Otto Natzler . 

 Ilimi 
McIntosh ya halarci bikin baje kolin duniya na shekarar 1939 a San Francisco inda ya fara ganin nunin tukwane da hannu a cikin babban tanti na Japan. Wannan kwarewa ta zaburar da shi ya ɗauki darasi a fannin watsa labarai tare da Glen Lukens a Jami'ar Kudancin California . 

Bayan wasu darussa, McIntosh ya fara aiki a kan keken juyawa da aka yi niyya don sassaka kayan siminti a cikin sitidiyonsa, inda yakan yi gwaji da gilashi mai layi-layi. Waɗannan kayan gwaji na farko galibi ana sayar da su akan 'yan daloli. A shekarar 1942, McIntosh ya auri abokiyar aikinsa Mary Stanfield. A shekara mai zuwa, shi da ɗan'uwansa, kuma mai zane-zanen yumbu Albert Henry King sun haɗa wani ƙaramin wuri a kan Sunset Strip mai suna The Californians. Duk da haka, tare da shigar Amurka a Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, waɗannan tsare-tsaren sun tsaya yayin da aka ɗauke shi cikin soja a matsayin likita a Arewacin California. A wannan lokacin, matar McIntosh ta yi rashin lafiya mai tsanani, kuma aka sallame shi don ya kula da ita. Bayan shekaru shida na aure, Stanfield ya mutu. [1]

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Mutuwan 2016
Rukuni:Haifaffun 1914