Dora Billington

Dora May Billington (1890–1968) malamar Turanci ce ta tukwane, marubuciya kuma mai tukwane a studio . Aikinta ya binciko yiwuwar zane a kan tukwane . A matsayinta na shugabar sashen tukwane a Makarantar Fasaha da Sana'o'i ta Tsakiya da ke Landan (daga baya Makarantar Fasaha da Zane ta Tsakiya ), ta haɓaka ra'ayin yumbu a matsayin hanyar fasaha mai ƙarfin ƙirƙira mara iyaka. 

 Rayuwa da aiki 
An haifi Dora Billington a cikin dangin masu tukwane a Stoke-on-Trent, musamman Tunstall . Daga 1905 zuwa 1910 ta halarci Makarantar Fasaha ta Tunstall sannan daga baya ta halarci Makarantar Fasaha ta Hanley, inda ta zama mataimakiyar malami a shekararta ta ƙarshe.  Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ado ga Bernard Moore, 1910-1912 sannan ta yi karatu a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Royal (RCA) 1912-1916 da Makarantar Fasaha ta Slade.   A RCA ta yi karatu a sashen zane a ƙarƙashin WR Lethaby kuma Edward Johnston ya koyar da ita rubutun rubutu, Grace Christie ta koyar da aikin dinki da kuma Richard Lunn ta koyar da tukwane. Billington ya ci gaba da zama mai son dinki kuma marubuciya ce a kan yadi lokaci-lokaci. Lunn ya mutu a 1915 yana da shekaru kusan 75 kuma an nemi Billington ya karɓi ajinsa tare da John Adams (wanda daga baya ya jagoranci Poole Pottery ).  Ta koyar da tukwane a Makarantar Fasaha da Sana'o'i ta Tsakiya daga 1919 kuma ta bar RCA a 1925 lokacin da William Rothenstein ya naɗa William Staite Murray a matsayin mai koyar da tukwane. Yanayin tafiyarta har yanzu ba a fayyace shi ba. A wannan lokacin Rothenstein ya shafe shekaru biyar yana aiki, kuma duk da cewa ya goyi bayan aikin Billington, ya soki koyarwar tukwane da sauran sana'o'i a matsayin "ba su da gwaji kuma an samo su daga gare su. Babu wani ƙoƙari da aka yi akai-akai don magance fassarar duniyar zamani a cikin ƙira da aiwatarwa... aikin bincike don gano sabbin abubuwa da sabbin abubuwa, waɗanda ake iya gani a Nahiyar, da alama yana raguwa."  

A shekarar 1938 ta zama shugabar sashen a Makarantar Tsakiya, tare da taimakon Gilbert Harding Green. Koyarwarta ta jaddada muhimmancin gina hannu a matsayin matakin farko na aiki da yumbu amma ana sa ran dukkan ɗalibai su koyi yadda ake jefa ƙwallo a kan keke. Tana da ilimi mai zurfi game da fasahar gilashi da tarihin yumbu. Daga cikin ɗalibanta akwai Quentin Bell, [1] William Newland, Gordon Baldwin, Ruth Duckworth, Alan Caiger-Smith, Margaret Hine, Kenneth Clark, Ann Wynn-Reeves, Katherine Pleydell-Bouverie, Stella Rebecca Crofts, Ursula Mommens, Ray Finch da Valentinos Charalambous. [2] Ta yi ritaya daga aikinta a Makarantar Tsakiya a shekarar 1955 lokacin da Gilbert Harding Green ya zama Shugaban Sashen.

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Mutuwan 1968