Ilimi mai baiwa

Ilimi mai baiwa (wanda aka fi sani da ilimi mai basira da baiwa''' (GATE), shirye-shiryen baiwa da basira (TAG'''), ko ilimin G & T) wani nau'in ilimi ne da ake amfani da shi ga yara waɗanda aka gano a matsayin masu baiwa ko masu baiwa.

Manyan hanyoyin da ake bi wajen samun ilimi mai hazaka sune wadata da hanzartawa . Shirin wadata yana koyar da ƙarin abubuwa masu zurfi, amma yana sa ɗalibi ya ci gaba ta hanyar manhajar a daidai gwargwado kamar sauran ɗalibai. Misali, bayan ɗaliban da suka sami hazaka sun kammala aikin da aka saba yi a cikin manhajar, shirin wadata zai iya samar musu da ƙarin bayani game da wani fanni. Shirin haɓaka ilimi yana ciyar da ɗalibi gaba ta hanyar manhajar da aka saba da sauri fiye da yadda aka saba. Wannan yawanci ana yin sa ne ta hanyar sa ɗaliban su tsallake maki ɗaya zuwa biyu.

Kasancewa mai baiwa da hazaka yawanci yana nufin samun damar yin maki a cikin mafi girman kaso a jarrabawar IQ. Kason ɗaliban da aka zaɓa ya bambanta, gabaɗaya ana zaɓar kashi 10% ko ƙasa da haka don shirye-shiryen ilimi masu hazaka.

 Hanyoyi 
Ana iya rarraba ƙoƙarin samar da ilimi mai hazaka ta hanyoyi da dama. Yawancin ɗaliban da suka yi hazaka suna amfana daga haɗakar hanyoyin da ake bi a lokuta daban-daban. [ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2019)">ana buƙatar ambato</span> ]

 Hanzari 
Mutane suna da ci gaba zuwa babban aji wanda ke rufe kayan da suka fi dacewa da iyawarsu da shirye-shiryensu. Wannan na iya ɗaukar nau'in tsallake maki ko kammala manhajar karatu ta yau da kullun a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci fiye da na al'ada ("telescoping"). Haɓaka darasi (wanda kuma ake kira haɓaka ɓangare) hanya ce mai sassauƙa wacce za ta iya ciyar da ɗalibi gaba a cikin darasi ɗaya, kamar lissafi ko harshe, ba tare da canza wasu nazarce-nazarce ba, kamar tarihi ko kimiyya . Wannan nau'in haɓaka yawanci yana dogara ne akan gwajin nasara, maimakon IQ .

Wasu kwalejoji suna ba da shirye-shiryen shiga kwaleji da wuri wanda ke ba wa ƙananan ɗalibai masu hazaka damar halartar kwaleji da wuri. A Amurka, kwalejojin al'umma da yawa suna ba wa ɗaliban da suka ci gaba damar yin rajista tare da amincewar jami'an makaranta da iyayen ɗalibin.

Acceleration yana gabatar wa yara masu hazaka kayan ilimi daga manhajojin da aka kafa waɗanda suka yi daidai da iyawarsu da shirye-shiryensu, kuma saboda wannan dalili zaɓi ne mai rahusa daga mahangar makaranta. Wannan na iya haifar da ƙaramin adadin yara suna ɗaukar azuzuwan da aka yi niyya ga manyan yara. Ga yawancin ɗaliban da suka hazaka, a hanzarta yana da amfani a fannin ilimi da zamantakewa. [1] Ana ɗaukar tsallake maki gaba ɗaya a matsayin hanzarin sauri. Wasu masu fafutuka sun yi jayayya cewa rashin amfanin riƙewa a cikin aji mai gauraya ya fi muni fiye da duk wani gazawa na hanzari. Misali, masanin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam Miraca Gross ya ba da rahoton cewa: "Yawancin waɗannan yaran [da aka ajiye a cikin aji na yau da kullun] ana ƙin su a zamantakewa [ta hanyar takwarorinsu masu hazaka na ilimi], suna keɓewa, kuma ba su da farin ciki sosai. Yara 'yan IQ 180+ waɗanda aka ajiye a cikin aji na yau da kullun sun fi fuskantar haɗari kuma suna fuskantar matsananciyar damuwa ta motsin rai." [2] Ya kamata a haɗa waɗannan yaran da aka hanzarta tare a cikin aji ɗaya idan zai yiwu. [3] Bincike ya nuna cewa hanzari na iya yin tasiri tsawon lokaci bayan ɗalibai sun kammala karatun sakandare. Misali, wani bincike ya nuna cewa mutanen da ke da babban IQ waɗanda suka fuskanci cikakken ci gaba a fannin ilimi sun sami ƙarin kuɗin shiga a lokacin da suka girma. [4]

 Rukunin rukuni 
Rukunin rukuni shine taruwar ɗalibai huɗu zuwa shida masu hazaka da hazaka da/ko masu nasara a cikin aji ɗaya na tsawon ranar makaranta. Malaman rukuni suna da horo na musamman wajen bambance ɗalibai masu hazaka. Yawanci ana amfani da rukuni a manyan azuzuwan firamare. [ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2019)">ana buƙatar ambato</span> ] A cikin rukunin rukuni, koyarwa na iya haɗawa da haɓakawa da faɗaɗawa, ƙwarewar tunani mai zurfi, gwaji kafin lokaci da bambance-bambance, taƙaitawa, saurin sauri, da ƙarin rikitarwa a cikin abun ciki.

 Manazarta 
Assouline, S. and Lupkowski-Shoplik, A., Developing Math Talent: A Guide for Educating Gifted And Advanced Learners in Math (Prufrock Press), 2005.