Duddingston

Duddingston ƙauye ne mai tarihi a gabashin Edinburgh, Scotland, kusa da Holyrood Park . Wuri ne na kiyayewa, ba za a iya rikitar da shi da sauran Duddingston ba, wanda ya miƙe zuwa Portobello.

 Asali da kuma tushen 
An fara rubuta kadarar da ƙauyen Duddingston ke zaune a yanzu a cikin filayen da David I na Scotland ya bai wa sufaye na Tironensian na Kelso Abbey tsakanin 1136 da 1147,  kuma an bayyana ta a matsayin wadda ta miƙe daga Dutsen (daga Craggenmarf, tsohon suna na wurin zama na Arthur )  zuwa gadar Magdalene. Herbert, babban mai kula da coci na farko a Kelso, ya ba Reginald de Bosco filayen Easter da Wester Duddingston don hayar merks 10 na shekara-shekara. 

Wannan tallafin fili ya haɗa da wurin zama da aka sani da sunan Treverlen ko Traverlin, a yammacin yankin; wannan shine sunan ƙauyen da aka fi sani da shi da kuma gidajen da aka fi sani da Duddingston. Akwai hanyoyi da dama na asalin kalmar "Treverlen":

 "tref + gwr + lên" ma'ana "wurin mutumin da ya yi karatu" 
 "tref + y + glyn" tare da lenition bin takamaiman ma'anar, ma'ana "wurin mata masu ilimi" 
 "tre + yaƙi + lyn" ma'ana "gona a ko a kan loch" 
 "traefor llyn" ma'ana "zama kusa da tafkin (loch) na ciyawa da/ko ciyayi" 

Duk waɗannan sunaye sun samo asali ne daga harsunan Celtic Brythonic, waɗanda suka riga sun fara amfani da harsunan Gaelic ko Saxon a Scotland, suna nuna cewa suna iya komawa zuwa lokacin wasu daga cikin ƙauyukan farko a kan kujerar Arthur. Sunaye biyu na ƙarshe, musamman, sun dace da suna mai yiwuwa ga mazaunin Celtic crannog wanda ke kusurwar kudu na Duddingston Loch . 

An ce wanda ya mallaki gidajen tarihi na ƙarshe na Celtic shine Uviet White wanda ya mallaki su tun daga akalla 1090 zuwa gaba.  Duk da haka, a shekarar 1128, a lokacin da aka kafa Holyrood Abbey, filayen Arthur sun rabu tsakanin Royal Demesne da gidajen tarihi na Treverlen mallakar Uviet White.  Domin tabbatar da abin da ya faru a shekarar 1128 a lokacin da aka kafa Holyrood Abbey da kuma mika filayen ga Kelso Abbey, za mu iya duba "Yarjejeniyar Tabbatarwa, An Ba da Ita ga Sufaye na Kelso na Sarki Malcolm na IV". Malcolm na IV na Scotland ya gaji gadon sarauta daga kakansa David na 1 na Scotland, kuma wataƙila an kira shi ya tabbatar da irin waɗannan kyaututtukan filaye da yawa idan aka samu takaddama daga baya. Wannan ya yi, a cikin takardar da aka ambata a sama, yana tabbatar da haƙƙin da aka bayar a baya na

Traverlin, tare da iyakokinta, kamar yadda Vineth ta mallaki ta kuma ta ji daɗinta, tare da dukkan hanyoyin tafiya da ke maƙwabtaka da ita (tafiya), wanda ake kira Cameri; da kuma Dutsen wannan ƙauyen 

zuwa ga Kelso Abbey. Malcolm ya ci gaba da cewa a zamanin kakansa Alfwyn (watakila siffar Uviet mai siffar saxonized, ko ɗaya daga cikin zuriyarsa), Abbot na Halyrood ( Holyrood Abbey ) da Ernald, Abbot na Kelso, sun cimma yarjejeniya game da takaddama a tsakaninsu kan Dutsen, wanda ya ba da damar filayen Dutsen da Traverlin su wuce zuwa cocin Kelso, a madadin filayen fam goma da suke da su a "Hardiggasthorn, kusa da Northamtun". 
An maye gurbin sunan a ƙarni na sha uku da sha huɗu ta hanyar "Dodinestun" daga "Dodin's Estate".  Wannan canjin suna ya faru ne jim kaɗan bayan David I ya bai wa Kelso Abbey filaye da kadarori. Abbey ya yi sauri ya yi wa wani Dodin de Berwic, a bayyane yake, daga sunansa, jarumin Anglo-Norman . A bayyane yake, Dodin ne ya canza sunan mazaunin, domin a shekara ta 1150 yana kiran kansa "Dodin na Dodinestoun". (Dodin's toun ko wurin gona).  Wannan na ƙarshe na iya zama ɗan ɓatarwa, duk da haka, domin akwai toft (wani gida mai ƙasar noma da aka haɗa) kusa da Berwick-Upon-Tweed, wanda kuma ake kira Dodin's Town, wanda wataƙila yana da alaƙa da shi.  Duk da haka, da alama sunayen suna da alaƙa ta hanyar rassan dangin Norman ɗaya. Bayan haka, sau da yawa ana kiran ƙauyen da Duddingston, kodayake ba koyaushe ba, tare da nau'ikan haruffa iri-iri. Misali, daga majiyoyi masu tushe an gaya mana cewa a watan Mayu na 1290 Edward na ba da kariya daga shari'ar basussuka ga William de Dodingstone, babban birnin Edinburgh. Haka kuma, tare da rubutun daban, amma shekaru shida bayan haka, an gaya mana sunan wani yanki ne kusa da Edinburgh, kuma Eleyne de Duddynggeston, na wannan gundumar, ta yi wa Edward I. rantsuwar aminci. 

Kirk ɗin da aka gina a kan sabbin filayen da aka ba wa kyauta ya koma da sunan Duddingston Kirk, amma sunan Treverlen ya ci gaba da wanzuwa har zuwa ƙarni na gaba a matsayin sunan cocin, wanda aka tabbatar da shi a cikin jerin gundumomi 13 mallakar Kelso a shekara ta 1200, wanda ya sa mutum ya yi zargin akwai Kirk a wurin a da.  Yanzu an ba wa sabon wurin shakatawa da aka gina a wurin tsohon Makarantar Sakandare ta Portobello da Makarantar Firamare ta St John. Stuart Harris "The Place Names of Edinburgh". 1996. p.198

 Tarihi 
A watan Janairun 1542, James V ya biya David Murray na Balvaird £400 na Scotland don neman fili a Duddingston wanda aka ƙara a Holyrood Park .  Cassells ya ce ƙauyen cibiyar saka ne a ƙarni na 18 inda ake samar da "sama da looms 40" a The Loan, suna ƙirƙirar lilin mai kauri mai suna "Duddingston hardings". 

An yi amfani da Duddingston Loch don yin wasan kankara da naɗewa, har ma da gidan naɗewa, tsawon ƙarni da yawa. A ƙarni na 17 da 18, ƙauyen ya kasance cibiyar masana'antar haƙar kwal da gishiri, amma kuma an san shi da masana'antar saƙa, musamman don zane da aka sani da Duddingston Hardings.
Yarima Bonnie Charlie ya gudanar da majalisar yaƙi a cikin wani gida ("wanda aka yi masa fenti a lokacin da aka yi masa fenti yanzu"  ) Stuart Harris "The Place Names of Edinburgh". 1996. p.198 a ƙauyen, jim kaɗan kafin Yaƙin Prestonpans a 1745. A wannan shekarar, James Hamilton, Earl na 8 na Abercorn ya sayi Gidan Duddingston daga Duke na Argyll . Lord Abercorn ya umarci mai ginin Sir William Chambers da ya tsara Gidan Duddingston a salon Palladian, kuma an kammala wannan a 1768. 

Wurin ya samar da wurin da aka yi zanen Henry Raeburn na The Skating Minister, wanda aka zana a shekarun 1790, da kuma zanen Charles Lees wanda ba shi da shahara amma mai matuƙar yanayi wanda ake kira Skaters a Duddingston Loch ta Moonlight . Stuart Harris "The Place Names of Edinburgh". 1996. p.198 Stuart Harris "The Place Names of Edinburgh". 1996. p.198

Dr. James Tytler (1745–1804), marubuci, mai yin balan-balan kuma masanin ilimin lissafi, ya rayu a Duddingston. Robert Burns ya san shi, yana kwatanta shi a matsayin mutum wanda ke yawo a yankin Edinburgh cikin takalma masu zubar da ruwa, hula mai haske da kuma rigunan sawa marasa kyau, wanda har yanzu yana da alhakin akalla kashi uku cikin huɗu na littafin Encyclopædia Britannica na Elliot. A shekara ta 1774 yana zaune a "wuraren tsarki" na Holyrood Abbey don guje wa masu ba shi bashi. Bayan matarsa ta bar shi da 'ya'yansu a shekara ta 1775, an san shi daga baya yana zaune tare da akalla mata ɗaya, idan ba biyu ba, ɗaya daga cikinsu mai wanki ce ta Duddingston. Wannan yanayi ya haifar da guduwa daga shari'ar Scotland saboda laifin auren mata a shekara ta 1788, lokacin da ya bar Duddingston, da mata biyu, don ya koma Berwick . A lokacin da yake zaune a Duddingston, ya gina injin buga littattafai, kuma ya fitar da ƙarin kwafin kundin tarihi, da sauran wallafe-wallafe masu nasara, amma shi ɗan kasuwa ne talaka kuma bai taɓa cin gajiyar waɗannan nasarorin da sauran su ba. Abin baƙin ciki, har ma da ƙoƙarinsa na yin tsalle-tsalle a shekarar 1784 ya kasance wani abu mai ban tsoro. A ƙarshe ya sami damar hawa tsayin  kuma ya sake saukowa, wanda hakan ya ba shi damar zama ɗan wasan balan-balan na farko a Birtaniya, amma nasarar da ya samu a lokacin ta sha bamban da sauran masu wasan balan-balan da suka fi shahara. Stuart Harris "The Place Names of Edinburgh". 1996. p.198

An gina tsohon Gidan Gida a Old Church Lane a shekarar 1820 kuma gini ne mai rukunin B Stuart Harris "The Place Names of Edinburgh". 1996. p.198 wanda a da gidan yara ne ga yaran mishan na Cocin Scotland .
Tsakanin 1998 da 2016, an yi amfani da Duddingston Kirk Gardens, wani lokacin kuma Kirk kanta, a matsayin wurin bikin Edinburgh Festival Fringe ta Theatre Alba, kamfanin wasan kwaikwayo wanda Charles Nowosielski da Richard Cherns suka kafa. Fim ɗinsa na farko ya kasance na farfado da fim ɗin Netta B. Reid mai suna A Shepherd Beguiled, wanda aka sake yi a can a 2016.  A shekarar 2002, kamfanin ya gabatar da aiki ga yara a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Clunie Mackenzie da Keith Hutcheon.  Tsakanin 2003 da 2018, Nowosielski ya shirya wasan kwaikwayo na Passion Plays guda huɗu, waɗanda aka yi a ranar Lahadin Ista a wurare da ke kewaye da ƙauyen.  

 Manazarta 

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