Stephen Alexander (masanin taurari)

Stephen Alexander (Satumba 1, 1806 - Yuni 25, 1883) masanin ilmin taurari ne kuma malami ɗan Amurka.

 Shekarun farko 
An haife shi a Schenectady, New York, a ranar 1 ga Satumba, 1806.  Shi surukin Joseph Henry ne, sakataren farko na Smithsonian, kuma ya yi aiki tare da shi sosai.  Ya sami iliminsa a Kwalejin Union, inda ya kammala karatunsa a 1824, da kuma a Kwalejin Tauhidi ta Princeton, inda ya kammala karatunsa a 1832. 

 Sana'a 
Ya zama malami a fannin lissafi a Jami'ar Princeton a shekarar 1832; daga baya ya zama farfesa a fannin ilmin taurari da lissafi kuma ya yi fafutukar gina wurin kallo na farko na Princeton.  Alexander ya dogara ne da taimakon wani mutum ɗan Afirka ɗan Amurka mai suna Alfred Scudder, wanda ya yi masa aiki a Princeton a shekarun 1850.   Saboda matsayinsa na mataimakin Alexander a harabar jami'a, Scudder ya sami laƙabin "Mataimakin Farfesa na Falsafar Halitta" daga ɗalibai.  
An zaɓi Alexander a matsayin memba na Ƙungiyar Falsafa ta Amurka  a shekara ta 1839 kuma Mataimakin Jami'in Kwalejin Fasaha da Kimiyya ta Amurka  a shekara ta 1850. A shekara ta 1860, shi ne shugaban wani balaguro zuwa gabar tekun Labrador don ganin kusufin rana wanda ya faru a ranar 18 ga Yuli na wannan shekarar, sannan daga baya ya lura da na 1869. 

Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin membobin farko na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Ƙasa a 1862, kuma memba ne na Ƙungiyar Falsafa ta Amurka, da Ƙungiyar Ci gaban Kimiyya ta Amurka . Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin shugaban wannan ƙungiya ta ƙarshe a 1859. Manyan rubuce-rubucensa sune "Mai ba da shawara kan Hasken Rana", wanda aka karanta a gaban Ƙungiyar Falsafa ta Amurka a 1848; takarda kan "Ka'idojin Lissafi na Asali," wanda aka karanta a gaban Ƙungiyar Ci gaban Kimiyya ta Amurka a 1848; wani kuma kan "Asalin Siffofi da Yanayin Yanzu na wasu daga cikin Rukunin Taurari da wasu daga cikin Nebulae", wanda aka karanta a gaban Ƙungiyar Amurka a 1850; wasu kuma kan "Siffa da Diamita na Equatorial na Taurarin Asteroid" da "Haɗuwa a cikin Tsarin Tsarin Rana wanda da alama shine Tabbatar da Hasashe na Nebular na Laplace", wanda aka gabatar wa Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Ƙasa; da kuma "Bayani da Bayyana Wasu Jituwa na Tsarin Rana", wanda Cibiyar Smithsonian ta buga a shekarar 1875.

 Ayyuka 
Daga cikin takardu masu muhimmanci da ya buga game da ilmin taurari: 

 Ka'idojin Asali na Lissafi
 Bayani da Bayyana Wasu Jituwa na Tsarin Rana

 Manazarta 

 Ambato