Keith Gill

Keith Patrick Gill name="testimony"> (an haife shi a ranar 8 ga Yuni, 1986) ɗan kasuwa ne na kuɗi na Amurka, malami , kuma mai saka hannun jari ne wanda aka san shi da rubuce-rubucensa a kan subreddits r/wallstreetbets da r/SuperStonk.   name="verge"> Bincikensa game da hannun jari na GameStop ( NYSE  ) da cikakkun bayanai game da ribar jarin da ya samu—wanda aka buga a Reddit a ƙarƙashin sunan mai amfani DeepFuckingValue ( DFV ) da kuma a YouTube da Twitter a matsayin Roaring Kitty, an ambaci su a matsayin abin da ya haifar da raguwar cinikin GameStop na Janairu 2021, kuma a matsayin abin da ya haifar da tashin hankalin ciniki a hannun jarin dillalai.  name="axios"> Ƙarar darajar hannun jari ta ba Gill damar mayar da jarin farko  zuwa dala miliyan 50 nan da Janairu 2021. Tsakanin 2021–2024, Gill ya ci gaba da kasancewa ɗan ƙasa amma ya ci gaba da ƙara mallakar GameStop. Ya zuwa watan Yunin 2024, Gill ya kuma mallaki hannun jari miliyan 9 na Class A na Chewy, Inc. 

An bayyana rubuce-rubucen Gill a matsayin "abin da ke cikin gaskiya, cike da bayanai masu ɗauke da maƙunsar bayanai". name="ringer"> Sunan mai amfani da Reddit ɗinsa ya samo asali ne daga kalmar zuba jari mai zurfi, kamar yadda Gill ya yi iƙirarin cewa shi mai goyon bayan saka hannun jari ne .   Reuters ya bayyana asalinsa ga jama'a a ranar 28 ga Janairu, 2021, bayan binciken bayanan jama'a da rubuce- rubucen kafofin watsa labarun.  

Gill ya bayar da shaida  a matsayin wani ɓangare na zaman sauraren ra'ayi ta yanar gizo da Kwamitin Ayyukan Kuɗi na Majalisar Wakilan Amurka ya gudanar a ranar 18 ga Fabrairu, 2021, a matsayin wani ɓangare na tattaunawa game da lokacin da "masu siyarwa da yawa, kafofin watsa labarun zamantakewa, da masu zuba jari na dillalai suka haɗu".  Gill ya shaida cewa "bai nemi kowa ya saya ko ya sayar da hannun jarin don ribar kansa ba." "Testimony of Keith Patrick Gill Before the U.S. House Committee on Financial Services" (PDF). Washington: US House of Representatives. p. 1. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 18, 2021. Retrieved February 18, 2021.

 Rayuwar farko da aiki 
An haifi Keith Gill a ranar 8 ga Yuni, 1986, ga Steven da Elaine Gill,  kuma an girma shi a Brockton, Massachusetts . Stephen, Bijan (January 29, 2021). "Go Read This Profile of the Trader Whose Huge Bet on GameStop Moved the Entire Market". The Verge. New York: Vox Media. Archived from the original on January 31, 2021. Retrieved February 1, 2021. Yana da 'yan'uwa biyu, 'yar'uwa  wacce ta mutu  ba zato ba tsammani a shekarar 2020, da kuma ɗan'uwa.     Ya kammala karatunsa daga Kwalejin Stonehill da digirin lissafi a shekarar 2009 kuma yana da rikodin makaranta da dama a fagen tsere da filin wasa .  An nada Gill a matsayin ɗan wasan da ya fi kowa a cikin gida a shekarar 2008 ta Ƙungiyar Masu Horar da Wasannin Gudun Hijira ta Amurka da Ƙasashen Waje bayan ya lashe tseren mita 1,000 a Gasar New England da minti 2:24.73, kuma ya yi rikodin mafi kyawun lokacinsa na minti 4:03 a mil a wannan shekarar.   Ya auri matarsa, Caroline, a shekarar 2016; suna da ɗa ɗaya.    A cewar shaidarsa a gaban Majalisa, Gill shine na farko a cikin iyalinsa da ya sami digiri na shekaru huɗu. 

Gill ya taɓa zama mai riƙe da takardar shedar kuɗi ta Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA),  amma ba ya sake bayyana a cikin kundin adireshi na membobin CFAI.  Dillalin tsaro ne mai lasisi   wanda aka yi wa rijista da Hukumar Kula da Masana'antar Kuɗi (FINRA) daga Yuli 2012 ba tare da an bayyana wani keta doka ba. 

Gill ya fara aiki a MassMutual tun daga shekarar 2019, yana aiki a matsayin mai tallata harkokin kuɗi da kuma mai koyarwa. Ya "taimaka wajen ƙirƙirar azuzuwan ilimin kuɗi waɗanda masu ba da shawara za su iya gabatarwa ga abokan ciniki masu zuwa", kodayake shi "ba dillalin hannun jari ba ne, ko mai ba da shawara kan harkokin kuɗi", kuma "bai yi magana da abokan ciniki ba, kuma bai ba da shawarar hannun jari a gare su su saya ba". 

Tun daga ranar 26 ga Fabrairu, 2021, Gill ba dillalin kuɗi mai rijista ba ne; ranar 28 ga Janairu ita ce ranar ƙarshe ta aikinsa da MassMutual, kuma mai magana da yawun FINRA ta ce, "rijistar mutum tana ƙarewa idan ba ya aiki da wani kamfani mai rijista."  Tsakanin 2010 da 2014 ya yi aiki da wani abokin iyali a wani kamfani mai rijista a New Hampshire, yana aiki a kan wani shirin software don taimaka wa masu zuba jari su tantance hannun jari.   Ya yi aiki da LexShares har zuwa Maris 2017.  Gill ya yi aiki a MassMutual a watan Afrilun 2019 har zuwa lokacin da ya yi murabus a ranar 28 ga Janairu, 2021. 

 Matsayi a GameStop da sauran kamfanoni 

 Matsayi a GameStop 
A watan Satumba na 2019, Gill, a ƙarƙashin sunan mai amfani "u/ DeepFuckingValue ", ya buga hoton allo na ciniki wanda ya ƙunshi matsayi mai tsayi na kimanin $53,000 a GameStop ; Baker, Katie (January 28, 2021). "The GameStop Stock Market Saga Explainer Dictionary". The Ringer. Archived from the original on February 1, 2021. Retrieved February 1, 2021. Rubuce-rubucen Gill na Reddit da bidiyon YouTube sun yi jayayya (ta hanyar nazarin asali da na fasaha) cewa hannun jarin bai kai darajarsa ba .  Matsayin ya kasance hannun jari 50,000 da zaɓuɓɓukan kira 500.  A cikin wani bidiyon YouTube, ya lura cewa hujjarsa ba ta nufin shawarar kuɗi ba, yana cewa: "Ba na bayar da shawarar saka hannun jari ko shawarwarin hannun jari a lokacin yawo." 

Duk da haka, hujjarsa "ta taimaka wajen jawo tarin kuɗaɗen dillalai zuwa GameStop."  A cikin kwanakin farko na ƙaruwar farashin kayayyaki a ƙarshen Janairu 2021, ɗaruruwan dubban mutane sun sauke manhajojin saka hannun jari kamar Robinhood don "shiga cikin aikin".  A ƙarshe, jarin Gill a cikin hannun jarin GameStop (wanda ya fara a watan Yunin 2019, lokacin da hannun jarin ya kasance $5 a kowace hannun jari) ya zaburar da sauran masu tallata kaya da masu karatu su saka hannun jari. 

Zuba jari a hannun jari (da sauran " hannun jarin meme " kamar AMC, BlackBerry, da Nokia ) zai haifar da ce-ce-ku-ce; 2021 GameStop short squeeze zai haifar da asusun hedge da dama da kuma wasu masu zuba jari na cibiyoyi suna fuskantar babbar matsala ta kuɗi, da kuma masu zuba jari da yawa (da sauran masu zuba jari na cibiyoyi) suna ganin riba mai yawa. Zuwa ranar 27 ga Janairu, bisa ga hotunan da ya ɗauka a Reddit, jarin Gill na asali ya kai kusan dala miliyan 48.  Duk da haka, darajar hannun jarin ta ci gaba da canzawa sosai; ya yi asarar dala miliyan 15 a rana ɗaya, kuma lokacin da kasuwanni suka rufe a ranar 29 ga Janairu, Jaridar Wall Street Journal ta tabbatar da cewa asusun dillalan sa yana da dala miliyan 33.  A cikin wata hira da The Wall Street Journal, Gill ya ce "ba mai son tayar da zaune tsaye ba ne don ya fuskanci kamfani, kawai wanda ya yi imanin masu zuba jari za su iya samun daraja a hannun jarin da ba a so." 

Bayan hutun makonni biyu daga wallafa sabbin bayanai akai-akai game da matsayinsa, Gill ya saka sabon hoton allo ga r/wallstreetbets a ranar 19 ga Fabrairu, 2021, wanda ke nuna cewa ya ninka adadin hannun jarin GameStop da yake da shi (wanda ya karu da jimillar zuwa 100,000).  A ranar 16 ga Afrilu, 2021, ya yi amfani da dukkan zaɓuɓɓukan kiransa 500 tare da farashin yajin aiki na $12, wanda zai ƙare a wannan ranar, kuma ya sayi ƙarin hannun jari 50,000, wanda ya ƙara mallakarsa zuwa hannun jari 200,000 na GameStop.  

 Matsalolin ƙa'idoji 
A ranar 4 ga Fabrairu, 2021, an sanar da cewa William Galvin, Sakataren Commonwealth na Massachusetts, ya rubuta wa tsohon ma'aikacin Gill MassMutual wasika don ya binciki ko Gill ko kamfanin ya karya wasu dokoki da suka shafi ayyukansa na tallata hannun jarin GameStop ko a'a. Mako guda da ya gabata, Galvin ya yi kira da a dakatar da cinikin hannun jarin GameStop na tsawon kwanaki 30 kuma ya dage cewa farashin hannun jarin "ba shi da ma'ana". Gill ya shaida wa Kwamitin Ayyukan Kudi na Majalisar Wakilai a ranar 18 ga Fabrairu, 2021, yana mai cewa: "Ban nemi kowa ya saya ko ya sayar da hannun jarin don ribata ba", kuma "Ina son hannun jarin." A watan Satumba na 2021, masu kula da harkokin Massachusetts sun ci tarar MassMutual dala miliyan 4 saboda gaza kula da harkokin ciniki da ayyukan Gill ta yanar gizo. Umarnin amincewa da ofishin Sakatare Galvin ya shigar kan MassMutual ya yi zargin cewa Gill ya aiwatar da cinikin kusan 1,700 a madadin wasu mutane uku, kuma da alama yana nuna cewa Gill ya shiga cikin magudin farashin hannun jari na GameStop. Duk da haka, wani lauya na Gill ya ce an aiwatar da waɗannan cinikin ne ga "'yan uwa uku" kuma "kashi 5 cikin 100 na cinikin da ke cikin waɗannan asusun suna cikin GME" - wanda ya haifar da hasashe cewa ofishin Sakatare Galvin ya zaɓi ya cire cikakkun bayanai game da halayen Gill don dacewa da labarin da ya yi daidai da maganganun da ya yi a watan Janairu. A watan Oktoba na 2021, Hukumar Tsaro da Musayar Kuɗi ta fitar da wani rahoto mai shafuka 45 wanda ya yarda cewa "Mutane na iya rashin jituwa game da yuwuwar GameStop da sauran hannun jarin meme" kuma bai nuna cewa an yi wani magudi a kasuwa ba.

 Komawa ga kafofin sada zumunta 
A ranar 12 ga Mayu, 2024, Gill ya sake fara aika wa X bayan dakatarwar shekaru uku. A ranar 13 ga Mayu, 2024, hannun jarin GameStop ya buɗe a $26.34, wanda ya fi 50.6% girma daga farashin rufewa na baya na $17.49. A ranar 2 ga Yuni, 2024, Gill ya fara aika wa r/Superstonk subreddit, yana nuna hotunan kariyar asusun dillalinsa wanda ya nuna dogon matsayi sama da dala miliyan 180 a GameStop Corp., tare da hannun jari miliyan 5 da kuma ƙarin fallasa hannun jari miliyan 12 ta hanyar kwangilolin zaɓuɓɓukan kira tare da farashin yajin aiki na $20 wanda zai ƙare a ranar 21 ga Yuni, 2024. A ranar 3 ga Yuni, 2024, hannun jarin GameStop ya buɗe a $40.16, wanda ya fi 73.6% girma daga farashin rufewa na baya na $23.13. A wannan rana, Jaridar Wall Street Journal ta ruwaito cewa " E*Trade yana tunanin gaya wa Gill cewa ba zai iya sake amfani da dandamalinsa ba bayan ya ƙara damuwa game da yiwuwar yin amfani da hannun jari. Ba a yanke shawara ba kuma kamfanin zai iya yanke shawarar cewa babu wani mataki da ake buƙata". A ranar 6 ga Yuni, 2024, Gill ya shirya watsa shirye-shiryen kai tsaye a tashar YouTube ɗinsa don washegari, 7 ga Yuni, wanda ya yi daidai da fitowar kuɗin shiga na farko na GameStop . Hannun jarin GameStop ya tashi da kashi 47.45% a lokacin zaman ciniki na Yuni, 6, 2024, ya buɗe a $31.57 kuma ya ƙare a $46.55. Matsayin Gill ya kai sama da dala miliyan 585 a wannan lokacin. A ranar 7 ga Yuni, 2024 hannun jarin ya buɗe da kashi 19.04% ƙasa da $37.69, kuma ya ragu da kashi 25.13% a lokacin sauran zaman ciniki, inda ya ƙare a $28.22. A ranar 11 ga Yuni, 2024, GameStop ta sanar da cewa ta kammala bayar da hannun jari miliyan 75 a kasuwa, inda ta tara dala biliyan 2.14 a tsabar kuɗi a yayin da ake cikin wannan yanayi na rashin ciniki. A ranar 13 ga Yuni, 2024, darajar matsayin Gill, bisa ga hotunan da ya ɗauka a Reddit, ta kai sama da dala miliyan 260, yayin da ya nuna mallakar hannun jari miliyan 9 kuma babu zaɓi.      

A ranar 24 ga Yuni, 2024, Gill ya sami matsayi a kan hannun jari kusan miliyan 9 na aji A na Chewy, Inc., wanda ya kai kashi 6.6% na ajin kuma zai sanya shi a matsayin mai hannun jari na uku mafi girma a kamfanin. Darajar waɗannan hannun jarin a wannan ranar ta kai kimanin dala miliyan 245. A ranar 27 ga Yuni, 2024, Gill ya buga hoton wani kare mai zane a asusunsa na X kuma hannun jarin Chewy ya fara ƙaruwa. A ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2024, an bayyana matsayin ga jama'a ta hanyar jadawalin 13G da aka shigar tare da SEC . Reuters ta ruwaito cewa shigar da ƙarar ta haifar da damuwa tsakanin shugabannin Chewy game da yuwuwar cewa manajojin kadarorin hannun jari za su iya dakatar da su saboda ƙaruwar canjin hannun jari.   

 A cikin al'adun jama'a 
Paul Dano ne ya fito a matsayin jarumin Gill a fim ɗin Dumb Money na shekarar 2023, wanda ya nuna abubuwan da suka faru a wasan GameStop short squeeze.  Dano ya bayyana cewa ya kalli faifan bidiyo da yawa na Gill a yanar gizo don shirin rawar. 

Fim ɗin ya haɗa da kalmomin da ke da alaƙa da abin da ya faru a GameStop, kamar "tendies," kalmar da aka yi amfani da ita wajen fassara "tenders" da "riba" a cikin al'adar cinikin dillalai.  An kuma yi nazarin Gill da gajeren lokaci a cikin jerin shirye-shiryen HBO Max na Gaming Wall Street . 

 Manazarta 

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