Hukumar magudanar ruwa ta cikin gida

Hukumar magudanar ruwa ta cikin gida ( IDB ) wani nau'in hukumar gudanarwa ce da aka kafa a yankunan da ake buƙatar magudanar ruwa ta musamman a Ingila da Wales, tare da ikon yin aiki don tabbatar da tsaftar magudanar ruwa da kuma kula da matakin ruwa a cikin gundumomin magudanar ruwa . Yankin IDB ba a ƙayyade shi ta hanyar iyakokin gunduma ko na ƙananan hukumomi ba, amma ta hanyar yankunan da ke da ruwa a cikin wani yanki. IDBs suna da yawa a yankunan Broads, Fens a Gabashin Anglia da Lincolnshire, Somerset Levels da Yorkshire .

Idan aka kwatanta da hukumomin gwamnati a wasu ƙasashe, IDBs sun fi kama da <i id="mwGw">Waterschappen</i> na Netherlands, Consorzi di bonifica e irrigazione na Italiya, wateren na Flanders da Arewacin Faransa, Watershed Districts na Minnesota, Amurka da Marsh Bodies na Nova Scotia, Kanada.

 Nauyi 
Yawancin aikinsu ya haɗa da kula da koguna, hanyoyin magudanar ruwa ( rhynes ), hanyoyin ruwa na yau da kullun, tashoshin famfo da sauran muhimman ababen more rayuwa, sauƙaƙe magudanar ruwa na sabbin ci gaba, kiyaye muhalli da haɓaka hanyoyin ruwa, sa ido da ba da shawara kan tsare-tsare aikace-aikacen da kuma tabbatar da cewa an gudanar da duk wani ci gaba bisa ga doka ( NPPF ). IDBs ba su da alhakin magudanar ruwa da aka keɓe a matsayin manyan koguna a cikin gundumomin magudanar ruwa ; Hukumar Muhalli ce ke kula da waɗannan magudanar ruwa.

Abubuwan da suka fara shiga allunan magudanar ruwa na cikin gida sun samo asali ne tun daga shekarar 1252; duk da haka, yawancin IDB na yau gwamnatin ƙasa ce ta kafa su bayan zartar da Dokar Magudanar Ruwa ta Ƙasa ta 1930 kuma a yau galibi suna aiki ne a ƙarƙashin Dokar Magudanar Ruwa ta Ƙasa ta 1991  wanda a ƙarƙashinsa, ana buƙatar IDB ta gudanar da sa ido gabaɗaya kan duk al'amura da suka shafi kula da filayen ruwa a cikin gundumarta. Wasu IDB kuma suna iya samun wasu ayyuka, iko da nauyi a ƙarƙashin takamaiman dokoki na gundumar (misali Kwamishinoni na Matakin Tsakiya suma hukumar kula da zirga-zirga ne). IDBs suna da alhakin Defra wanda aka ba da duk dokoki/ƙa'idoji da suka shafe su. Aikin IDB yana da alaƙa sosai da na Hukumar Muhalli wadda ke da ayyuka daban-daban da ke ba da aikin kulawa a kansu.

 Dokoki 
Defra ta kawo IDBs ƙarƙashin ikon Ombudsman na Gwamnatin Ƙaramar Hukuma (LGO) daga ranar 1 ga Afrilu 2004, kuma ta gabatar da tsarin koke-koke na IDBs don aiki. Wannan matakin an yi shi ne don ƙara alhakin IDBs ga jama'a waɗanda ke da sha'awar yadda ake gudanar da IDBs da kuma yadda ake gudanar da su ta hanyar samar da hanyar yin bita mai zaman kanta. A wannan lokacin Defra ta kuma sake yin kwaskwarima tare da sake fitar da ƙa'idodi da hanyoyin doka waɗanda IDBs ke aiki a ƙarƙashinsu. 

 Allon magudanar ruwa na cikin gida na yanzu na Ingila 
alt=Map of England and Wales showing the area covered by internal drainage districts (blue)|left|441x441px|Taswirar Ingila da Wales da ke nuna yankin da magudanar ruwa ta cikin gida ta mamaye (shuɗi)
Akwai allunan magudanar ruwa na ciki guda 112 a Ingila   Ya ƙunshi hekta miliyan 1.2 (kashi 9.7% na jimlar ƙasar Ingila) da yankunan da ke kewaye da Wash, Tekun Lincolnshire, ƙananan iyakokin Trent da Yorkshire Ouse, Somerset Levels da Fens suna da tarin IDBs da ke maƙwabtaka da su waɗanda suka mamaye yankuna masu faɗi na ƙasa. A wasu sassan ƙasar, IDBs suna shimfiɗa a cikin ƙananan 'yatsu' a kan kwaruruka na kogi, waɗanda yankuna marasa ƙanƙanta suka raba, musamman a Norfolk da Suffolk, Sussex, Kent, West Yorkshire, Herefordshire / Shropshire da arewacin Vale na York . Babban IDB (Lindsey Marsh DB) ya ƙunshi hekta 52,757 kuma mafi ƙanƙanta (Cawdle Fen IDB) ya ƙunshi hekta 181. Kananan hukumomin gundumomi 24 a Ingila sun haɗa da IDB ɗaya ko fiye a yankinsu kamar yadda gundumomi shida na birni suke yi, da kuma hukumomin yanki ko majalisun gundumomi 109.

Ƙungiyar Hukumomin Magudanar Ruwa tana da cikakken tarihin dukkan IDBs a cikin Ingila da Wales da iyakokinsu. 

Hukumar Muhalli tana aiki a matsayin allon magudanar ruwa na cikin gida na gundumar magudanar ruwa ta cikin gida a Gabashin Sussex. A Wales, yankunan magudanar ruwa na cikin gida suna ƙarƙashin ikon Albarkatun Ƙasa na Wales .

 Ƙungiyar Hukumomin Magudanar Ruwa 
Yawancin allunan magudanar ruwa na cikin gida membobi ne na Ƙungiyar Hukumomin Magudanar Ruwa (ADA) ƙungiyar da ke wakiltar su. Ta hanyar ADA, ra'ayoyin gama gari na hukumomin magudanar ruwa da sauran membobi da ke da hannu a kula da matakin ruwa ana wakilta su ga gwamnati, masu kula da su, sauran masu tsara manufofi da masu ruwa da tsaki.  A matakin Turai, ADA tana wakiltar IDBs ta hanyar EUWMA . 

A shekarar 2013 an sanar da cewa za a soke Hukumar Magance Matsalolin Cikin Gida ta Caldicot da Wentlooge a watan Afrilun 2015, bayan da jami'ai a Ofishin Binciken Kudi na Wales suka yi cikakken bayani kan jerin laifuka, ciki har da biyan babban jami'in gudanarwa fiye da kima, amfani da kudaden gwamnati ba bisa ka'ida ba, rashin daidaiton kudi, da kuma ayyukan da ba bisa ka'ida ba.  

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