Rib-Hadda

Rib-Hadda (wanda aka fassara Rib-Addi, Rib-Addu, Rib- Adda) ya kasance Sarkin Byblos a tsakiyar karni na sha huɗu KZ. Shi ne marubucin wasu wasiƙu sittin na Amarna duk zuwa Akhenaton. Sunansa Akkadian ne a cikin tsari kuma yana iya kiran allahn Arewa maso Yammacin Semitic Hadad, kodayake wasiƙunsa suna kiran Ba'alat Gubla kawai, "Lady of Byblos" (watakila wani suna ga Asherah).
Wasiƙun Rib-Hadda sau da yawa sun ɗauki nau'in korafe-korafe ko roƙo don aiki daga Fir'auna mai mulki. A cikin EA 105, ya roki Fir'auna ya shiga cikin rikici tare da Beirut, wanda mai mulkinsa ya kwace jiragen kasuwanci biyu na Byblian.[1] A cikin EA 122, Rib-Hadda ya koka game da harin da kwamishinan Masar Pihuri ya kai, wanda ya kashe wasu 'yan kasuwa na Byblos' Shardana kuma ya kama uku daga cikin mutanen Rib-Hadd.

Rib-Hadda ta shiga cikin rikici na dogon lokaci tare da Abdi-Ashirta, mai mulkin Amurru (watakila a kudu maso gabashin Lebanon da kudu maso yammacin Siriya), wanda ya hayar ma'aikata daga cikin Habiru, Shardana, da sauran kabilun da ke fama da yaƙi. EA 81 ta ƙunshi roƙo don taimakon Masar a kan Amurru, wanda mai mulkinsa Rib-Hadda ya zarge shi da jan hankalin mabiyansa da kuma zuga su tawaye. Ya ci gaba da bayar da rahoton cewa wani mai kisan gilla da Abdi-Ashirta ya aiko ya yi ƙoƙari ya kashe shi. Rib-Hadda ya roki Akhenaton da ya aika Pítati don kare shi daga sojojin Amurru da kuma kansa da ke ƙara fushi. A daya daga cikin matani mafi tausayi na Amarna, Rib-Hadda ya rubuta "mutane na Ammiya sun kashe ubangijinsu kuma ina jin tsoro. " (EA 75). Ya kara da cewa: "kamar tsuntsu a cikin tarko don haka ina nan a Gubla (watau: Byblos). " (EA 74 & EA 81)  Zemar, birni da ke ƙarƙashin ikonsa, ya fada hannun Abdi-Ashirta (EA 84). Ba da daɗewa ba bayan haka aka janye kwamishinan Masar Pahannate daga arewacin Kan'ana, ya bar Rib-Hadda ba tare da bayyanar goyon bayan Masar ba. Roƙonsa na taimako a bayyane yake bai amsa ba (EA 107) kuma ya haifar da fushi sosai ga Akhenaten. An ba da labarin fushin Akhenaten da Rib-Hadda a cikin EA 117 inda aka nakalto Fir'auna yana cewa wa Rib-Hadd "Me ya sa ka kaɗai ka ci gaba da rubutu a gare ni?" (EA 117)  Yayinda aka ruwaito cewa an kashe Abdi-Ashirta a cikin EA 101, wannan kawai ya ba da taimako na ɗan lokaci ga Rib-Hadha tunda tsohon ya gaji ɗansa Aziru; Rib-Hada ba da daɗewa ba bayan ya yi korafi game da lalacewar da "ya'yan Abdi-Ashirtta" suka haifar a cikin wasiƙu da yawa na Amarna kamar EA 103 

 Manazarta 
Baikie, James. The Amarna Age: A Study of the Crisis of the Ancient World. University Press of the Pacific, 2004