Gertrud Natzler

Gertrud Amon Natzler (7 ga Yuli 1908 - 3 ga Yuni 1971) ƙwararren mai yin yumbu ne ɗan ƙasar Austria-Amurka, waɗanda tare da mijinta Otto Natzler suka ƙirƙiri wasu daga cikin fasahar yumbu da aka fi yabawa a ƙarni na 20, waɗanda suka taimaka wajen ɗaga tukwane zuwa matsayin fasaha mai kyau .

 Rayuwar farko 
An haifi Gertrud Amon a ranar 7 ga Yuli, 1908 a Vienna, Austria, daga dangin Yahudawa.  Ita 'yar Adolf Amon ce, wanda ke gudanar da kamfanin kayan rubutu, da kuma Helene née Grünwald. Tana da ɗan'uwa ɗaya, Hans. 

Bayan kammala karatunta a Handelsakademie, makarantar kasuwanci ta Vienna, ta karanci zane da zane da kuma aiki a matsayin sakatare. A shekarar 1933 ta haɗu da Otto Natzler, wanda aka kore shi daga aiki a matsayin mai zane-zanen yadi, kodayake soyayyarsu ba ta yi ƙarfi ba sai bayan ya saki matarsa ta farko a shekarar 1934. 

 Sana'a 
Gertrud ya fara sha'awar tukwane, kuma ya sa Otto ya sha'awar. Bayan sun koyar da kansu da kuma karatu a ɗakin zane-zane na Franz Iskra, sun buɗe ɗakin zane-zanensu kuma suka yi aiki na cikakken lokaci a matsayin masu zane-zanen tukwane. Ba da daɗewa ba Otto da Gertrud suka sami karramawa saboda fasaharsu. Nunin farko da suka yi shi ne a shekarar 1937, a Galerie Würthle .  A ranar 11 ga Maris 1938, sun ji cewa an ba su lambar azurfa a Exposition Internationale des Arts et Techniques dans la Vie Moderne . Daga baya a wannan rana, sojojin Jamus suka yi tattaki zuwa Austria, wanda hakan ya sa Jamus ta Nazi ta mamaye Austria . Barth, Nancy L. (31 December 1999). "Gertrud Amon Natzler". Shalvi/Hyman Encyclopedia of Jewish Women. Jewish Women's Archive. Archived from the original on 27 July 2023. Retrieved 11 October 2014. Nan da nan suka fara shirin tafiya Amurka, tare da taimakon ɗan uwan Otto a Los Angeles .  Sun yi aure a watan Yuni, suka bar Austria zuwa Los Angeles a watan Satumba. 

Yan Natzlers sun fara sabon ɗakin studio a Los Angeles, inda ta zauna har tsawon rayuwarta. Da farko, sun yi amfani da injin da aka kawo daga Vienna, kuma suna samun abin rayuwa ta hanyar ba da koyarwa ga kowa a ɗakin studio ɗinsu da kuma sayar da ayyukansu. An fara gane ayyukan Natzlers a Amurka a shekarar 1938, lokacin da suka lashe kyautar farko a Nunin Ceramic na Ƙasa a Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Syracuse . [1] Cikakken baje kolin farko da suka yi ya kasance a San Diego a shekara mai zuwa, kuma an biyo baya da wasu da yawa a cikin shekaru talatin bayan haka. [2] Tsakanin 1956 da 1960, Natzlers sun kasance masu fasaha a lokacin bazara a Cibiyar Brandeis . [3]

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Mutuwan 1971