Anarchism da ilimi

Anarchism yana da sha'awa ta musamman a kan batun ilimi daga ayyukan William Godwin da Max Stirner zuwa gaba.

Batutuwa iri-iri da suka shafi ilimi sun jawo hankalin masu ra'ayin gurguzu da masu fafutuka. Sun haɗa da rawar da ilimi ke takawa wajen kula da zamantakewa da zamantakewa, haƙƙoƙi da 'yancin matasa da yara a cikin yanayin ilimi, rashin daidaito da tsarin ilimi na yanzu ke ƙarfafawa, tasirin akidun gwamnati da na addini a cikin ilimin mutane, rarrabuwar kawuna tsakanin aikin zamantakewa da na hannu da kuma alaƙarsa da ilimi, ilimin jima'i da ilimin fasaha .

Masu tsattsauran ra'ayi sun gabatar da hanyoyi daban-daban na tsarin ilimi na zamani da matsalolinsu daga masu tsattsauran ra'ayi waɗanda suka bambanta daga tsarin ilimi da muhalli na madadin, ilimin kai, kare haƙƙin matasa da yara, da kuma fafutukar 'yancin tunani .

 Ra'ayoyin farko na 'yan gurguzu kan ilimi 
Max Stirner wani masanin falsafa ne na Jamus wanda ke da alaƙa da ƙungiyar tunani ta anarchist da aka sani da anarchism na mutum ɗaya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin malamin makaranta a wani ɗakin motsa jiki na 'yan mata ƙanana.  Ya yi nazarin batun ilimi kai tsaye a cikin dogon rubutunsa mai suna The False Principle of Our Education .  A cikin wannan rubutun ya yi magana game da muhawara tsakanin masu sharhi kan ilimi na gaskiya da na ɗan adam kuma ya nuna cewa duka biyun suna ɗaukar mai koyo a matsayin abin da za a yi aiki a kansa maimakon wanda za a ƙarfafa shi don cimma burinsa. 

Ana ɗaukar Josiah Warren a matsayin ɗan Amurka na farko da ya fara nuna rashin da'a. [1] "Inda masu haska bayanai na utopian waɗanda suka fara da Plato suka yi amfani da ra'ayin ƙirƙirar nau'in halitta mai kyau ta hanyar ilimin eugenics da ilimi da kuma wasu cibiyoyi masu inganci waɗanda ke haɓaka asalin da aka raba, Warren yana son wargaza irin waɗannan asalin a cikin mafita na ikon mallakar kai. Gwaje-gwajensa na ilimi, misali, wataƙila a ƙarƙashin tasirin... masanin ilimin Switzerland Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi (ta Robert Owen ), ya jaddada - kamar yadda muke tsammani - kula da 'yancin kai da lamirin yara, ba gina dabi'un da aka riga aka tsara ba." [2]

 A farkon karni na 20 

 Makarantun Francisco Ferrer da na Zamani 
A shekara ta 1901, Francisco Ferrer, ɗan Catalan mai tsattsauran ra'ayi kuma mai tunani mai 'yanci, ya kafa makarantu na "na zamani" ko na ci gaba a Barcelona, wanda ya saba wa tsarin ilimi da Cocin Katolika ke jagoranta.  Manufar makarantun ita ce " ilimantar da ajin ma'aikata a cikin yanayi mai ma'ana, na duniya da kuma wanda ba na tilastawa ba". Ferrer, mai tsananin adawa da malaman addini, ya yi imani da ilimi ba tare da ikon coci da gwamnati ba.  La Escuela Moderna, da ra'ayoyin Ferrer gabaɗaya, sun zama abin wahayi ga jerin Makarantun Zamani a Amurka,  Cuba, Kudancin Amurka da London .

 Manazarta