Muhammad ibn Yusuf al-Sanusi

MuhammAD ibn Yusuf al-Sanusi (Arabic; 895-830 AH/ 1426-1490 AD) ya kasance Maghribi Sunni polymath daga abin da ke yanzu Aljeriya.[lower-alpha 1] Ya kasance masanin tauhidin Ash'arī, masanin shari'a na Mālikī, Mai tsarki na Sufi da Mufti wanda ke zaune a Tlemcen. An fi saninsa da gudummawar da ya bayar ga addinin Islama ('aqīdah) da tauhidin (kalām), tare da ayyukansa da ake girmamawa sosai a cikin Islama ta Sunni, musamman a cikin al'adar Ash'ari.[1] Imam Muhammad ibn Yusuf al-Sanusi an yaba shi da yawa tare da tsarawa da kuma fadada wani abu mai sauƙi, wanda aka yi jayayya da hankali game da Sunni kalām, don haka kare ka'idar Orthodox daga tasirin heterodox da kuma magance da'awar mutanen da ba su da kyau waɗanda suka inganta sababbin abubuwa da kuma nau'ikan asceticism.[2]

 Yanayin siyasa da ilimi 
Tlemcen, babban birnin Jihar Zayyanid, ya jimre da babban rikice-rikicen siyasa da zamantakewa a cikin karni na tara AH / karni na goma sha biyar AZ. Wannan rashin kwanciyar hankali ya samo asali ne daga matsin lamba na waje da na ciki, musamman tsangwama daga Hafsids da Marinids, wanda ya ba da gudummawa ga rarraba siyasa da rashin tsaro. Har ila yau, halaye na feudal sun fito, wanda burin sarakuna da sarakuna ya haifar, waɗanda haɗin gwiwarsu tare da shugabannin kabilun suka zurfafa rushewar zamantakewa kuma suka hana yawan tattalin arziki. Wadannan mummunan yanayi suna da tasiri mai zurfi a rayuwar ilimi, wanda ya ragu zuwa tsayawa kuma ya kara alama da jahilci, camfi, da maita. Yaduwar Sufism a cikin Maghreb ya kara karfafa halin da ake ciki don janyewa da tsattsauran ra'ayi, tare da mabiyan da yawa da ke bin sheikhs ɗin su ba tare da wata matsala ba, don haka suna inganta yanayin da aka mamaye ta hanyar imani da ayyuka. A mayar da martani, masana sun jaddada bukatar jagorantar al'umma zuwa ga bangaskiya da ilimi mai kyau. Daga cikin shahararrun waɗannan adadi shine sanannen masanin Tlemceni, Imam Muhammad ibn Yusuf al-Sanusi, wanda ya ba da kansa ga haskaka mutane, inganta koyarwar kirki, da inganta addinin Sunni. Kokarinta ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kare allahntaka guda daya da farfado da rayuwa ta ilimi da ruhaniya a duka Tlemcen da Maghreb.

 Rayuwa ta farko 

 Haihuwar 
An haifi Al-Sanūsī a Tlemcen, babban birnin Masarautar Tlemcen . Tushen ba su yarda da ainihin shekarar haihuwarsa ba: wasu taƙaitaccen zamani sun ba da 832 AH/1428 AZ, yayin da rahotanni na ciki daga ƙungiyarsa ke nuna haihuwar a kusa da 838-839 AH bisa ga bayanin shekaru da aka rubuta kusa da ƙarshen rayuwarsa. Koyaya, yawancin kafofin sun yarda cewa an haife shi a cikin 830 AH/1426 AD.

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba