Al Jaffee

Allan Jaffee (an haife shi Ibrahim Jaffee;  Maris 13, 1921 - Afrilu 10, 2023) ɗan wasan kwaikwayo ne na Amurka. Ya kasance sananne ne saboda aikinsa a cikin mujallar satirical Mad, gami da fasalin alamar kasuwancinsa, Mad Fold-in . Jaffee ya kasance mai ba da gudummawa na yau da kullun ga mujallar na tsawon shekaru 65 kuma shine mai ba da shawara mafi tsawo. A cikin wata hira ta 2010, Jaffee ya ce, "Mutane masu tsanani shekaruna sun mutu".

Tare da aiki da ke gudana daga 1942 har zuwa 2020, Jaffee yana riƙe da Guinness World Record don samun aiki mafi tsawo a matsayin mai zane-zane.[1][2] A cikin rabin karni tsakanin Afrilu 1964 da Afrilu 2013, an buga fitowar Mad guda ɗaya kawai ba tare da ƙunshe da sabon abu daga Jaffee ba.

A shekara ta 2008, an girmama Jaffee ta hanyar Reuben Awards a matsayin mai zane-zane na shekara. Mai zane-zane Arnold Roth na The New Yorker ya ce, "Al Jaffee yana daya daga cikin manyan masu zane-zane na zamaninmu. " Fold This Book!, Warner Books, 1997, . Mai kirkirar Peanuts Charles M. Schulz ya rubuta, "Al can cartoon anything. "

 Rayuwa ta farko 
An haifi Al Jaffee a ranar 13 ga Maris, 1921, a Savannah, Jojiya, ga Mildred da Morris Jaffee, babba cikin 'ya'ya maza huɗu. Iyayensa baƙi ne na Yahudawa daga Zarasai, Lithuania . An bayyana mahaifiyarsa a matsayin mai ibada, har zuwa lokacin da aka cire gicciye daga dakin asibiti kafin ta haihu.

A shekara ta 1927, Mildred ta dauki 'ya'yanta maza huɗu, tare da yardar Morris, zuwa Zarasai. Bayan shekara guda, Morris ya dawo da iyalin zuwa Amurka. Bayan wata shekara, Mildred ta dawo da yaran zuwa Lithuania,  inda suka zauna a cikin wani shtetl. Tare da kayan karatu da ba su da yawa a sabon gidansa, Morris ya aika da takardun ban dariya daga Amurka. Jaffee ya zama sananne ne saboda ikonsa na gano adadi kamar Little Orphan Annie a cikin yashi, don nishaɗin abokansa da kuma masu zalunci na gida. Bayan wasu shekaru hudu, Morris ya sake ɗaukar 'ya'ya maza uku na fari zuwa Amurka,  inda suka zauna a Far Rockaway, Queens.  David, ɗan'uwan Jaffee, ya koma Amurka a 1940, watanni kafin a kashe yawancin Yahudawa na Zarasai a cikin Holocaust, gami da, a bayyane yake, Mildred kanta.

Jaffee ya yi karatu a makarantar sakandare ta Music & Art a Birnin New York a ƙarshen shekarun 1930, tare da ɗan'uwansa Harry da ma'aikatan Mad na gaba Will Elder, Harvey Kurtzman, John Severin, da Al Feldstein.Mark Evanier, Mad Art, Watson-Guptill Publications, 2002, .

 Ayyuka 
Jaffee ya fara aikinsa a shekarar 1942, yana aiki a matsayin mai zane-zane na littafin ban dariya don wallafe-wallafe da yawa, gami da Joker Comics, wanda aka fara buga shi a watan Disamba na 1942,  kuma ya ci gaba a wasu wasan kwaikwayo da Timely Comics da Atlas Comics Hauka buga, shekarun 1940 da 1950 wadanda suka gabata na Marvel Comics. Yayinda yake aiki tare da mai zane-zane na Mad Dave Berg na gaba, Jaffee ya kirkiro siffofi masu ban dariya da yawa don Timely, gami da "Inferior Man" da "Ziggy Pig and Silly Seal".

Jaffee da farko ya ɗauki kansa a matsayin mai zane-zane har sai masu gyara da daraktocin fasaha waɗanda ke sake duba fayil dinsa sun hana shi ra'ayin. "Lokacin da abokan ciniki suka yi dariya kuma suka tambayi 'Wane ne ya rubuta gag?' amsar ta ita ce 'Na yi, sir.' Wanda ya kasance mai rikitarwa sosai tunda ban fahimci cewa wani rubutu ya faru ba. Ina nufin, marubutan sun yi amfani da na'urorin buga takarda, bututu masu shan sigari, sun sa takalma, daidai? Lokacin da isasshen su ya ce, 'Oh, to ma marubuci ne,' na ɗauki maganarsu game da shi. Wanene zan yi jayayya da masu daukar ma'aikata?" 

Jaffee ya yi aiki a cikin Sojojin Amurka a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na II,  inda ya yi aiki azaman mai zane ga sojoji a fannoni daban-daban. Ayyukansa sun haɗa da tsarin bene na asali na Cibiyar Rusk ta Magunguna. A wannan lokacin, ya yi amfani da sabis na sauya sunan soja kyauta, na farko zuwa "Alvin Jaffe" ta kuskure, sannan zuwa "Allan Jaffee". Yayinda yake aiki a Pentagon, ya sadu da Ruth Ahlquist, wanda ya auri a shekara ta 1945.

A shekara ta 1946, Jaffee ya koma rayuwar farar hula, yana aiki ga Stan Lee. Kimanin shekara daya da rabi a ƙarshen shekarun 1940, Jaffee yana gyara wasan kwaikwayo na Timely da wasan kwaikwayo na matasa, gami da layin Patsy Walker.

 Fold-In 
A cikin fitowar # 86 na 1964, Jaffee ya kirkiro fasalin Mad mafi tsawo, Fold-In. A cikin kowannensu, ana ninka zane a tsaye da ciki don bayyana sabon hoto "ɓoyayyen" (kazalika da sabon taken). Da farko, Jaffee ya yi niyya a matsayin satire "mai arha" guda ɗaya na ninka sau uku waɗanda ke bayyana a cikin mujallu masu Hauka kamar Playboy, National Geographic, da Life. Amma an tambayi Jaffee ya yi kashi na biyu, kuma nan da nan Fold-In ya zama fasalin maimaitawa a cikin murfin baya na mujallar. A cikin 2011, Jaffee ya yi tunani, "Abin da na samu nasara shi ne ... Jeopardy! ya nuna Fold-In kuma masu hamayya duk sun zo da kalmar da suke nema, wanda shine 'Fold-In.' Don haka na fahimci, na kirkiro kalmar harshen Ingilishi. " 
Rukuni:Mutuwan 2023
Rukuni:Haifaffun 1921
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba