Giorgos Seferis

Giorgos ko George Seferis (/səˈfɛrɪs/; Girkanci: Γιώργοςφέ Σερης []), sunan alkalami na Georgios Seferiadis (Γεώργιος Σεφεριάδης; Maris 13 [ ]  - Satumba 20, 1971), mawaki ne kuma diflomasiyyar Girka. Ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan mawaƙa na Girka na karni na 20, kuma mai karɓar kyautar Nobel.  

Ya kasance jami'in diflomasiyya a Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje ta Girka, wanda ya kai ga nadin sa a matsayin Jakada a Burtaniya, mukamin da ya rike daga 1957 zuwa 1962. 

 Tarihin rayuwa 
An haifi Seferis a Smyrna  a Asia Minor, a cikin Aidin Vilayet na Daular Ottoman (yanzu İzmir, Turkiyya). Mahaifinsa, Stelios Seferiadis, llauya, kuma daga baya farfesa a JAthens id="mwLA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="University of Athens">Jami'ar Athens da kuma mawaki da mai fassara a kansa. Ya kuma kasance mai tsayin daka na Venizelist kuma mai goyon bayan harshen Girkanci na ddemotic kan harshen hukuma (kKatharevousa. Dukkanin wadannan halayen sun rinjayi ɗansa. A shekara ta 1914, iyalin suka koma Athens, inda Seferis ya kammala karatun sakandare. Ya ci gaba da karatunsa a Paris daga 1918 zuwa 1925, yana karatun shari'a a SSorbonne. Yayinda yake can, a watan Satumbar 1922, Sojojin Turkiyya sun kwace Smyrna / IIzmir yakin basasar Girka na shekaru biyu a ƙasar Anatolia. Helenawa da yawa, gami da dangin Seferis, sun tsere daga Asia Minor. Seferis ba zai sake ziyartar Smyrna ba har zuwa 1950; ma'anar zama gudun hijira daga gidansa na yaro zai sanar da yawancin waƙoƙin Seferis, yana nuna kansa musamman a cikin sha'awarsa ga labarin OdyOdysseus, [2] S. Eliot [3] EzrEzra Pound rinjayi Seferis sosai.[4]

Ya koma Athens a 1925 kuma an shigar da shi a Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje ta Girka a shekara mai zuwa. Wannan shine farkon dogon aiki na diflomasiyya, a lokacin da ya rike mukamai a Ingila (1931-1934) da Albania (1936-1938). Ya auri Karita Zannou ('Maro') a ranar 10 ga Afrilu, 1941, a ranar da Jamus ta mamaye Girka. A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, Seferis ya bi Gwamnatin Girka mai 'yanci a gudun hijira zuwa tsibirin tsibirin tsibiri, Misira, Afirka ta Kudu, da Italiya, kuma ya koma Athens da aka 'yantar a 1944. Ya ci gaba da aiki a Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje kuma ya rike mukamai na diflomasiyya a Ankara, Turkiyya (1948-1950) da London (1951-1953). An nada shi minista a Lebanon, Siriya, Jordan, da Iraki (1953-1956), kuma ya kasance Jakadan Girka na Burtaniya daga 1957 zuwa 1961, mukamin karshe kafin ya yi ritaya a Athens. Seferis ya sami girmamawa da kyaututtuka da yawa, daga cikinsu akwai digiri na digiri na girmamawa daga jami'o'in Cambridge (1960), Oxford (1964), Thessaloniki (1964), da Princeton (1965).

 Cyprus 
Seferis ya fara ziyartar Cyprus a watan Nuwamba 1953. Nan da nan ya fada cikin soyayya da tsibirin, wani bangare saboda kamanceceniya, a cikin shimfidar wuri, cakuda yawan jama'a, da kuma al'adun sa, zuwa gidan bazara na yaro a Skala (Urla). Littafin waƙoƙinsa na Imerologio Katastromatos III ya yi wahayi zuwa gare shi daga tsibirin, kuma galibi an rubuta shi a can, yana kawo ƙarshen tsawon shekaru shida ko bakwai wanda Seferis bai samar da wani waka ba. Taken sa na asali Cyprus, inda aka naɗa shi a gare ni...  (wani ambato daga Helen na Euripides wanda Teucer ya bayyana cewa Apollo ya ba da umarnin cewa Cyprus za ta zama gidansa) ya bayyana ma'anar kyakkyawan dawowar gida da Seferis ya ji akan gano tsibirin. Seferis ya canza taken a cikin waƙoƙinsa na 1959.

 Rayuwa ta baya 
A shekara ta 1967, mai tsattsauran ra'ayi na kasa, mai tsattstsauran ra-ayi na mulkin mallaka ya karɓi iko a Girka bayan juyin mulki. Bayan shekaru biyu da aka nuna ta hanyar yaduwar tantancewa, tsare-tsaren siyasa da azabtarwa, Seferis ya tsaya tsayayya da mulkin. A ranar 28 ga Maris, 1969, ya yi wata sanarwa a kan BBC World Service,  tare da kwafin da aka rarraba a lokaci guda ga kowane jarida a Athens. A cikin sharuddan iko da cikakke, ya bayyana cewa "Wannan anomaly dole ne ya ƙare".

Seferis bai rayu ba don ganin ƙarshen junta a shekara ta 1974 a matsayin sakamakon kai tsaye na mamayewar Turkiyya a Cyprus, wanda ya haifar da yunkurin junta na hambarar da shugaban Cyprus, Archbishop Makarios III. Ya mutu a Athens a ranar 20 ga Satumba, 1971. An bayar da rahoton cewa dalilin mutuwar shine cutar huhu, wanda ya kara tsanantawa ta hanyar bugun jini da ya sha wahala bayan an yi masa tiyata saboda ciwon jini kimanin watanni biyu da suka gabata.[1]

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Mutuwan 1971
Rukuni:Haifaffun 1900
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba