Elbira Zipitria Irastorza

Elbira Zipitria Irastorza (1906-1982) ƙwararren malamin Basque ne wanda ya fara karatun gida a matsayin hanyar farfado da amfani da harshen Basque a lokacin da aka hana shi. Lokacin da ta dawo San Sebastián bayan yakin basasar Spain ta koyar da yara ƙanana a cikin gidajensu kafin ƙirƙirar ikastola na farko ko makarantar Basque na gida a cikin 1956. A cikin 1960s, An kirkiro makarantu 71 a garuruwa da garuruwan Kudancin Basque Country duk da cewa har yanzu ba a saba doka ba. Sai a shekara ta 1970 ne aka ba da izini a hukumance don buɗe Orixe Ikastola a San Sebastián. Zipitria ta kasance memba na kungiyoyin siyasa da al'adu daban-daban, ciki har da Emakume Abertzale Batza, Euskaltzaleak da Eusko Ikaskuntza."Zipitria Irastorza, Elbira" (in Spanish). Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia. Retrieved 24 March 2020.Bermúdez, Silvia; Johnson, Roberta (2018). A New History of Iberian Feminisms. University of Toronto Press. pp. 293–. ISBN 978-1-4875-2008-3.Elkartea, Garabide. "The Basque Experience: The ikastola movement". University of the Basque Country. p. 47. Retrieved 24 March 2020

Tarihin rayuwa
An haife ta a Zumaia a ranar 28 ga Mayu 1906, ta girma a San Sebastián. Sa’ad da take ’yar shekara 16, ta fara karatun shekara huɗu na koyar da malamai, ta sauke karatu a shekara ta 1926. Aikinta na farko shi ne a makarantar Koruko Andre Mariaren Ikastetxea ta San Sebastián inda ta koyar da yara ‘yan shekara shida. Baya ga koyarwa, ta yi sha'awar harkokin siyasa da al'adu, ta shiga reshen mata na jam'iyyar Basque Nationalist Party inda ta zama sakatariya a 1934, Euskaltzaleak Basque Action Organization da Eusko Ikaskuntza, Cibiyar Nazarin Basque.

A lokacin yakin basasar Spain ta ƙaura zuwa Ƙasar Basque ta Faransa inda ta zauna a Ascain, Ciboure, Sare da Saint-Jean-de-Luz, ta koma San Sebastián a 1939.[1] A cikin 1943, kamar yadda kawai harshen da aka ba da izini a makarantun Mutanen Espanya shine Castilian Spanish, ta fara ba da darussa a Basque a cikin gidaje masu zaman kansu, ta samar da aji na yara ƙanana a cikin gidanta a cikin 1946.

Ta ci gaba da ƙirƙirar ƙarin waɗannan a cikin lardunan Basque. Ajujuwa aka shirya a kicin inda yaran ke zaune a kusa da tebur kamar iyali. Hanyar ta yi nasara sosai har daga baya aka yi amfani da ita wajen koyar da manya. Abokan aiki ciki har da Xabier Peña, María Ángeles Garai, Juliana Berrojalbiz da Tere Rotaetze sun shiga cikin ƙirƙirar makarantun gida da koyarwa a cikinsu. Bukatar ta yi yawa har hukumomi sun kasa dakatar da fadada aikin. Don su ceci fuska, sun shirya yawancin makarantun ikastola da za a amince da su a matsayin makarantun coci. Tsakanin 1960 zuwa 1970, an samar da sabbin makarantu 71, musamman a garuruwa da garuruwa masu harsuna biyu. A cikin 1970, Makarantar Orixe Ikastola a San Sebastián ita ce ta farko da aka karɓi izinin buɗewa a hukumance. Ko da yake ba su sami tallafi ba, a yau ana ɗaukar makarantun ikastola a cikin tsarin makarantun jama'a a cikin Ƙasar Basque na Mutanen Espanya.

Elbira Zipitria ta yi ritaya daga makarantar Orixe a shekara ta 1971 lokacin da take da shekaru 75. Bayan ta yi fama da bakin ciki na tsawon shekaru da dama, a fili sakamakon matsalolin da ta fuskanta a matsayinta na mai goyon bayan yaren Basque, ta rasu a San Sebastián a ranar 26 ga Disamba 1982.

 Manazarta 

Category:Haifaffun 1906  
Category:Mutuwan  1982