Paul the Younger

Paul Le Jeune, SJ (Faransa pronunciation; 1591-1664) ya kasance mai wa'azi na Jesuit na Faransa a New France . Ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Jami'in Jesuits a mulkin mallaka na Faransa na Kanada daga 1632 zuwa 1639. A lokacin mulkinsa, ya fara aiki a Trois-Rivières, ya kafa al'umma a Sillery, kuma ya ga kafa Hôtel-Dieu de Québec .

 Tarihin rayuwa 
An haifi Le Jeune ne a cikin iyalin Huguenot a Vitry-le-François a yankin Champagne, Faransa a cikin shekara ta 1591, kuma ya tuba zuwa Roman Katolika yana da shekaru goma sha shida. Le Jeune ya sami cikakken shiri don firist na Jesuit; ya kasance novice na shekaru biyu tsakanin 1613 da 1615, kuma malaminsa Uba Massé, wanda ya sadu da shi a kwalejin Henri IV de La Flèche ya rinjaye shi sosai. A lokacin karatunsa, Le Jeune ya ci gaba da sha'awar manufofi kuma ya gamsu cewa ilimi shine mahimmin abu a duk wani yunkuri na yada Kiristanci. Bayan kammala karatunsa na falsafa Uba Le Jeune ya kasance malami a kwalejojin da ke Rennes (1618-19) da Bourges (1619-22). 

A shekara ta 1624, an naɗa Le Jeune, kuma a shekara ta 1632 an nada shi a matsayin shugaban aikin Jesuit a Kanada.[1] Bai nemi a tura shi zuwa New France ba, amma ya yarda ba tare da gunaguni ba kuma ya tashi daga Le Havre tare da abokai biyu a ranar 18 ga Afrilu 1632. Tafiye ne mai wahala kuma Le Jeune mai shekaru arba'in ya yi fama da rashin lafiya. Sun isa Tadoussac a ranar 18 ga Yuni 1632.

 Sabuwar Faransa 
An yi shekara ta farko ta Le Jeune a cikin ƙauyukan Faransa. Wataƙila an fi saninsa da aikinsa tare da 'yan asalin ƙasar Amirka, Le Jeune ya nuna sha'awar koyon harsuna daban-daban na' yan asalin ƙasar Amirka. Aikinsa shine ya fassara Nassosi. Wani lokaci ya kama su "yana koya masa kalmomi masu lalata a maimakon waɗanda suka dace". Tucker, Ruth. From Jerusalem to Irian Jaya: A Biographical History of Christian Missions, Zondervan, 2011  Daga cikin abubuwan da ya fi rubuce-rubuce sune tafiye-tafiyensa a lokacin hunturu na 1633-1634 tsakanin Montagnais.  A lokacin tafiyar dole ne ya yi gwagwarmaya da ba'a da kuma ƙiyayya ta lokaci-lokaci na shaman, Carigonan. Duk da yake aikinsa a cikin waɗannan watanni shida bai haifar da juyowa mai yawa ba kamar yadda yake fata, labarinsa na al'ada game da Montagnais da labarinsa game da sanyi, yunwa, da rikice-rikice da ya fuskanta an rubuta su a cikin Relations des Jésuites de la Nouvelle-France na 1634. E.F.K. Koemer ya ba da shawarar cewa ganowar Le Jeune game da bambanci tsakanin sunayen rayayyu da marasa rai daga ƙarshe ya taimaka wa John Eliot a cikin harshe na harshen Natick.Koemer, E.F.K., Essays in the History of Linguistics, John Benjamins Publishing, 2004 

Le Jeune ya yanke shawarar cewa don aiwatar da manzancinsa yadda ya kamata, yana buƙatar kafa Ayyuka na mishan, bisa ga tsarin aikin mishan na Jesuit a San Ignacio Miní a Misiones Argentina da yankin iyaka na Paraguay, asibiti don kula da tsofaffi da marasa lafiya, da makarantu don ilimantar da matasa. Ya rubuta: "Na yi imanin cewa rayuka duk an yi su ne daga iri ɗaya, kuma ba su da bambanci; Saboda haka, waɗannan barbarians suna da jiki mai kyau, da gabobin da aka tsara da kyau kuma an shirya su da kyau, tunaninsu ya kamata su yi aiki da sauƙi. Ilimi da koyarwa kadai ba su da shi. "  Le Jeune ya ƙarfafa masu wa'azi a ƙasashen waje su koyi harsunan asali.Vessey, Mark; Betcher, Sharon; Daum, Robert and Maier, Harry O., The Calling of the Nations, University of Toronto Press, 2015  A shekara ta 1634 ya aika Uba Jacques Buteux zuwa wurin kasuwanci a Trois-Rivières don ya umarci 'yan asalin da suka yi amfani da shi a matsayin wurin tsayawa na rani.

A shekara ta 1635 an kafa kwalejin Jesuit don ilimantar da yara maza na Faransanci da Amerindian a Quebec,  tare da Antoine Daniel a matsayin mai kula, amma an rufe shi bayan shekaru biyar. A wannan watan Disamba Le Jeune ya yi wa'azi a jana'izar Samuel de Champlain. 

A cikin wata wasika ta 1637 ya gargadi dukkan masu wa'azi a ƙasashen waje kada su sa "masu zalunci" su jira su lokacin da suke tashi da safe, kada su nuna rashin jin daɗin kowane al'adunsu, kuma su taimaka a lokacin jigilar kaya, ko tafiye-tafiye na ƙasa, daga wannan kogi zuwa wani. A wannan shekarar ya kafa harsashin gidan mishaneri a Sillery, mai suna bayan mai ba da gudummawa Noël Brûlart na Sillery.

Le Jeune ya gano cewa hotuna na ibada sun taimaka sosai wajen isar da ra'ayoyin da yake ƙoƙarin bayyanawa.Koemer, E.F.K., Essays in the History of Linguistics, John Benjamins Publishing, 2004  Gudun addini yana da muhimmiyar aikin jama'a. Le Jeune ya rubuta wani bikin da aka gudanar a Quebec a cikin 1639 don girmama haihuwar Louis XIV. Tare da wuta da gaisuwa, an gudanar da procession tare da Bikin Assumption, inda Faransanci da fiye da Indiyawa ɗari, shida daga cikinsu suka yi ado da tufafin sarauta na Faransa, an sarrafa su daga asibiti, zuwa gidan Ursuline, kuma a ƙarshe zuwa cocin Jesuit. An yi addu'o'i a cikin Faransanci da harshen Indiya na gida, kuma lokacin da procession ya ƙare, Gwamna ya ba da biki ga duk waɗanda suka halarta. Wannan gangamin ya zama babban abu ne na al'ummar al'adu masu yawa. A shekara ta 1639 akwai kasa da 100 masu tuba daga cikin Hurons, wadanda suka ƙidaya dubban mutane.Tucker, Ruth. From Jerusalem to Irian Jaya: A Biographical History of Christian Missions, Zondervan, 2011 ISBN 9780310830627

Le Jeune da tsaransa ba su iyakance kokarin su na juyowa da ilimi ga 'yan asalin Amurka ba. Duk da yake akwai ƙananan bayi a cikin mulkin mallaka na Faransa fiye da na Ingilishi da na Mutanen Espanya, hulɗar Le Jeune tare da bayi na Afirka a Quebec ta kafa muhimmiyar misali wanda zai yi wahayi zuwa ga tsararraki na gaba na firistoci, malamai, masu gwagwarmaya, da abolitionists. Ayyukan Jesuit suna kallon dukkan mutane daidai a gaban Allah kuma suna da daidaito don ceto. Don haka, yana da iko a kan Cocin don samar da lafiyar hankali da ruhaniya na bayi. Le Jeune da kansa ya ɗauki hanyar kai tsaye ga wannan batun. Tun a farkon shekara ta 1634, Le Jeune ya nuna sha'awa saboda ya sami kansa yana koyar da yara na Afirka haruffa, kuma a cikin Volume V na The Jesuit Relations ya jaddada bukatar 'yan Afirka su sami isasshen ilmantarwa da karatu da rubutu don su iya nuna isasshen fahimtar koyarwar Katolika don tabbatar da al'adar baftisma.

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