Fritz Wiedemann

Frederick Wiedemann (16 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1891 a Augsburg - 17 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1970 a Postmünster) sojan Jamus ne, jami'in Jam'iyyar Nazi, kuma (a fili) Janar Janar na jam'iyyar Nazi ta Jamus. Ya kasance, na wani lokaci, mai ba da shawara ga Adolf Hitler, tun da yake a baya ya kasance kwamandan Hitler a Yaƙin Duniya na I.   Mutanen biyu daga baya sun yi faduwa. Daga baya, wasu za su yi iƙirarin cewa Wiedemann a asirce ya musanta imanin Nazi, yana gargadi Amurkawa da Burtaniya game da shirye-shiryen Hitler na Turai; duk da haka ya ci gaba da bauta wa Hitler a matsayin shugaban Gestapo na Yammacin Yamma, daga mukaminsa a San Francisco.

 Hidima a Yaƙin Duniya na I 
Wiedemann da Hitler sun fara hulɗa a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na farko lokacin da Hauptmann Wiedemann, a matsayin mai ba da shawara, ya kasance babban hafsan Hitler a cikin 16th Bavarian Infantry .    Tare da Max Amann ya kasance daya daga cikin magoya bayan Hitler mafi karfi a cikin tsarin mulki, ya zaba shi don Iron Cross, Class na farko a lokuta da yawa kafin a ba da lambar yabo a 1918.  Wiedemann na iya ceton rayuwar Hitler; bayan wani gini ya rushe, Wiedemann ya janye Hitler daga cikin rushewa duk da fuskantar wuta mai tsanani. Yayinda yake ba da shaida a Nuremberg Trials, Wiedemann ya ba da shawarar cewa Hitler ya kasa samun ci gaba a cikin rundunar saboda kwamandojin da ke kallon shi a matsayin 'Bohemian'.

 Mataimakin Hitler 
Bayan yakin Wiedemann ya bar sojoji kuma ya zama manomi, da farko ya ki amincewa da tayin daga Hitler a taron da aka yi a 1922 don taimakawa wajen shirya Sturmabteilung (SA).  Koyaya, lokacin da Hitler ya zo mulki a 1933 Wiedemann ya karɓi sabon tayin, da farko a ofisoshin Rudolf Hess kafin ya ɗauki matsayinsa a gefen Hitler, da kuma memba na Jam'iyyar Nazi, a ranar 2 ga Fabrairu 1934.  Tun daga wannan lokacin Wiedemann ya kasance a gefen Hitler, yana tare da shi a ziyarar gwamnati, yana sauƙaƙa tarurruka da kuma magance wasikar Hitler. Ya kuma halarci wani taro tare da Lord Halifax a watan Yulin 1938 inda Wiedemann ya ba da tabbacin cewa "babu wani mataki na tilas" da Hitler ya yi a kan Sudetenland sai dai idan akwai wani mummunan abin da ya faru don tayar da shi. : A zaben 'yan majalisa na 1938, an zabe shi a matsayin mataimakin Reichstag daga mazabar zabe ta 3 (Berlin East). 

 Ayyukan diflomasiyya 
Ba da daɗewa ba bayan wannan, Wiedemann ya fadi daga tagomashi  tare da Hitler yayin da abokin hamayyarsa Julius Schaub ya zama mafi mahimmancin mataimakin.  Bayan ya yi jima'i da Stephanie von Hohenlohe,  an "yi masa gudun hijira", a watan Janairun 1939, zuwa San Francisco a matsayin Janar Janar a Amurka.  Harold Charles Deutsch, Hitler and his Generals: The Hidden Crisis, January–June 1938, U of Minnesota Press, 1974, p. 41 Wiedemann ya ci gaba da tallafawa Nazism a fili  kuma a bayyane yake ya jagoranci salon rayuwa na playboy  wanda ya haɗa da halartar jam'iyyun al'umma, membobin Kungiyar Olympics ta musamman da bayyanar yau da kullun  a cikin ginshiƙan Herb Caen.    Wani labarin 2013 a cikin Mercury News ya bayyana cewa "A cikin wahayi mai ban mamaki, Disamba 31, 1940, wani labarin Look Magazine ya sanya Wiedemann a matsayin 'watakila mafi haɗari Nazi a cikin ƙasar.' A zahiri, shi ne shugaban Gestapo na duk ayyukan tufafi da wuka na Jamus a Yammacin Hemisphere. "

Zarge-zarge da aka yi a cikin wata shari'a   da aka gabatar a Kotun Gundumar Tarayya ta birnin a 1941 sun kuma ba da shawarar cewa ya yi aiki a kan shirye-shiryen Nazi tare da Henry Ford. An kore shi daga Amurka a ranar 15 ga Yuli, 1941, zuwa yawancin labarai.

 Da'awar game da imanin Wiedemann bayan yaƙin 
Shekaru bayan haka, wasu sun yi iƙirarin cewa a cikin sirri, Wiedemann ya rabu gaba ɗaya da Nazism. Ya sadu da wakilin Burtaniya Sir William Wiseman, ya gargadi shi game da halin Hitler mara daidaituwa kuma ya bukaci Burtaniya da ta kai hari kan Jamus. Ya kuma ba da gudummawa ga jama'a game da mulkin Jamus, amma Fadar White House a wannan lokacin ba ta da sha'awar irin wannan tayin.Harold Charles Deutsch, Hitler and his Generals: The Hidden Crisis, January–June 1938, U of Minnesota Press, 1974, p. 41 Wiedemann ya kasance, aƙalla, mutumin bambance-bambance; an ba da rahoton cewa an ba Wiedemann zaɓi game da ko yana son mukamin a San Francisco ko a'a. Yana da mahimmanci, yayin kimanta sadaukarwar Wiedemann ga manufar Nazi, a lura cewa ya yi aiki "a matsayin shugaban farfagandar Nazi da ayyukan leken asiri a Amurka".

Thomas Weber [1] ya sami bayanan tattaunawar Wiedemann ta 1940 tare da Wiseman inda Wiedemann ya yi gargadi a fili game da Hitler kuma ya yi iƙirarin cewa Hitler yana da "mutuntaka mai rabuwa kuma an ƙidaya shi daga cikin mutanen da suka fi zalunci a duniya, ya ga kansa ya fi Napoleon kuma zaman lafiya tare da shi ba zai yiwu ba. " Ya gaya wa Wiseman shirin Hitler na kai farmaki da cin nasara a Burtaniya kuma "ya yi kira da karfi" cewa Burtaniya da sauri kuma "da wuya" a kansa ya kai masa. Wiedemann ya kuma gaya wa Wiseman cewa halin jama'ar Jamus da goyon bayan Hitler sun kasance ƙasa da yadda aka yi imani. Thomas Weber [1] ya ce idan Hitler ya san game da "cin amana" na Wiedemann zai ba shi hukuncin kisa.[undefined][3][undefined][5][2][4]

Bayan cire shi daga Amurka a 1941, Wiedemann ya bayyana a Argentina da sauran ƙasashen Kudancin Amurka, kafin a tura shi zuwa Tientsin inda ya kasance babban mutum a cikin leken asiri na Jamus a China, a bayyane yake a wannan lokacin ba tare da cin amanar Hitler ba.Harold Charles Deutsch, Hitler and his Generals: The Hidden Crisis, January–June 1938, U of Minnesota Press, 1974, p. 41Harold Charles Deutsch, Hitler and his Generals: The Hidden Crisis, January–June 1938, U of Minnesota Press, 1974, p. 41 Wannan ya kara da bambanci da ikirarin zamani cewa bai ji tausayi ga ra'ayoyin Reich na Uku ba.

A cikin tambayoyin da ya yi bayan kama shi, Wiedemann ya bayyana cewa bayan matsayinsa a San Francisco, Joachim von Ribbentrop (a lokacin Ministan Harkokin Waje na Nazi Jamus) ya umarci Wiedemann da ya "yi taka tsantsan wajen furta ra'ayina saboda an san ni da zama mai cin nasara. " Ya ci gaba da lokacinsa a Jamus bayan ya bar San Francisco, "Ban ga Hitler ba saboda ban nemi masu sauraro ba kuma ina so in koma - zuwa Berlin da farko kuma ina aika da ita a Ba da nan ya gaya mini hanyar da nan ta Gabas nan ta nan ya yi mini ya ce ina da za a Ba za a Ba.Harold Charles Deutsch, Hitler and his Generals: The Hidden Crisis, January–June 1938, U of Minnesota Press, 1974, p. 41

A cikin 2012 an yi iƙirarin cewa Wiedemann ya taimaka wajen ceton kwamandan Yahudawa na Hitler, Ernst Hess. Yarinyar Hess Ursula, a lokacin 86 kuma har yanzu tana zaune a Jamus, ta bayyana a cikin wata hira da Jewish Voice cewa mahaifinta, ta hanyar sa'a, ya sadu da Wiedemann, wanda ya yi aiki tare da shi a yakin duniya na farko kuma lokacin da daga baya ya zama mataimakin Hitler, ya sami izini ga Hess wanda ba a bude wa Yahudawa ba. 

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Mutuwan 1970
Rukuni:Haifaffun 1891