Marcel Ophuls

Marcel Ophuls ( []; 1 ga Nuwamba 1927 - 24 ga Mayu 2025) ɗan fim ne ɗan ƙasar Jamus da Faransa kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Amurka, wanda aka sani da sanannun ayyukansa kamar The Sorrow and the Pity (1969) da Hôtel Terminus: The Life and Times of Klaus Barbie (1988). An haife shi ga mai shirya fina-finai na Jamus-Yahudawa Max Ophuls, iyalin sun tsere daga Nazi Jamus a lokacin da ta hau mulki a matakai na karshe na Jamhuriyar Weimar a 1933. Daga baya, sun koma Faransa, amma sun gudu a 1940 lokacin da Nazis sun mamaye kasar. A ƙarshe, a cikin 1941, iyalin suka yi hijira zuwa Amurka, inda Marcel ya zama ɗan ƙasa a cikin 1950.

Ya fara aikin fim ne a shekarar 1950. Ya yi fina-finai a Amurka, Faransa, da Ingila. A lokacin da ya fara aiki, ya fi aiki a fina-finai masu ban mamaki. Ya fara yin shirye-shirye a ƙarshen shekarun 1960 a Faransa. Farawa a ƙarshen 1970s, ya kuma yi shirye-shirye a Amurka don cibiyoyin talabijin na CBS da ABC. Ya lashe lambar yabo ta Kwalejin a shekarar 1989 don Hôtel Terminus . Ya ci gaba da yin fina-finai har sai da ya mutu a Faransa a shekarar 2025 ya bar aikinsa na karshe ba a gama shi ba.

 Rayuwa ta farko 
An haifi Ophuls a cikin iyalin Jamusanci-Yahudawa a ranar 1 ga Nuwamba 1927 a Frankfurt, Jamus .  Shi ɗan Hildegard Wall ne da kuma darektan Max Ophüls .  Iyalinsa sun bar Jamus a 1933 bayan zuwan Jam'iyyar Nazi kuma sun zauna a Paris, Faransa. Bayan mamayewar Faransa ta Jamus ta yi a watan Mayu 1940 an tilasta musu guduwa zuwa Yankin Vichy, sun kasance a ɓoye sama da shekara guda kafin su haye Pyrenees zuwa Spain don tafiya zuwa Amurka, sun isa can a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1941. Marcel ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Hollywood, sannan Occidental College, Los Angeles. Ya shafe ɗan gajeren lokaci yana aiki a cikin ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ta Sojojin Amurka a Japan a 1946, sannan ya yi karatu a Jami'ar California, Berkeley .  Ophuls ya zama ɗan ƙasa na Faransa a 1938, kuma na Amurka a 1950. 

 Ayyuka 
Lokacin da iyalin suka koma Paris a 1950 Marcel ya zama mataimakin Julien Duvivier da Anatole Litvak, kuma ya yi aiki a kan Moulin Rouge na John Huston (1952) da Lola Montès na mahaifinsa (1955).  Ta hanyar François Truffaut, Ophuls ya sami damar jagorantar wani labari na fim din portmanteau Love at Twenty (1962).  Ya biyo bayan ɗan riba Banana Peel (1963), fim din mai bincike wanda Jeanne Moreau da Jean-Paul Belmondo suka fito.

 NoMai shirya fina-finai 
Tare da wadataccen ofishin akwatin, Ophuls ya juya zuwa yin shirye-shiryen labarai na talabijin. Kodayake yana jin daɗin yin fina-finai na nishaɗi, Ophuls ya zama sananne a matsayin mai shirya shirye-shirye, ta amfani da salon hira mai kyau don warware abubuwan da suka faru a cikin gardama mai rinjaye. Ba shi da ƙarancin ƙarancin mahaifinsa, saboda ya kalli Max a matsayin mai basira, kuma kansa ya zama ainihin darektan fim na fiction. Talabijin na Faransa ya ba da umarnin yin fim game da [./<i id= Munich_Agreement" id="mwfQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Munich Agreement">Rikicin Munich na 1938]: Munich (1967). 

 Rayuwa da mutuwa daga baya 
Kowace shekara bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na Amsterdam (IDFA) yana nuna fina-fakkawan da aka fi so na fim din. A shekara ta 2007, mai shirya fina-finai na Iran Maziar Bahari ya zaɓi The Sorrow and the Pity don manyan littattafansa goma daga tarihin fim. A bikin fina-finai na kasa da kasa na Berlin na 65 a watan Fabrairun 2015 Ophuls ya sami lambar yabo ta Berlinale Camera saboda aikin rayuwarsa. 
Rukuni:Mutuwan 2025
Rukuni:Haifaffun 1927
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