Cheonggyecheon

Cheonggyecheon ( Korean ,   rafi da sararin jama'a a tsakiyar birnin Seoul, Koriya ta Kudu. Wani rafi na halitta da ya samo asali daga kwarin Suseongdong da ke Inwangsan, an kula da shi a tarihi a matsayin wani ɓangare na farkon magudanar ruwa na Seoul har zuwa tsakiyar ƙarni na 20, lokacin da ci gaban tattalin arziki mai sauri bayan Yaƙin Koriya da tabarbarewar yanayi ya haifar da cika rafin da siminti da gina babbar hanya mai tsayi, Cheonggye Expressway, a madadinsa. A shekara ta 2003, gwamnatin birnin ta fara aikin sabunta birane don cire babbar hanyar da kuma gyara rafin, wanda aka kammala a shekarar 2005 akan kuɗi sama da ₩386 billion (kimanin dala miliyan 281 na Amurka).

Aikin gyaran Cheonggyecheon da farko ya jawo suka daga jama'a, amma tun lokacin da aka buɗe shi a shekarar 2005, ya shahara tsakanin mazauna da masu yawon buɗe ido .

 Yanayin ƙasa 
Cheonggyecheon shine  rafi yana gudana daga yamma zuwa gabas ta cikin tsakiyar birnin Seoul,  sannan ya haɗu da Jungnangcheon, wanda ke haɗuwa da Kogin Han kuma ya kwarara cikin Tekun Rawaya . 

 Tarihi 
An sanya wa rafin suna Gaecheon ("rafi mai buɗewa") bayan aikin gyara na farko don gina tsarin magudanar ruwa a lokacin Joseon. Aikin, wanda ya haɗa da haƙa da ƙarfafa gefen rafin da gina gadoji, ana gudanar da shi duk bayan shekaru 2-3 a wannan lokacin daga zamanin Taejong, sarki na uku na Joseon. Sarki Yeongjo ya ɗauki nauyin aikin gyara a matsayin aikin ƙasa. 

An sake wa Gaecheon suna zuwa Cheonggyecheon, sunan da ake amfani da shi a yanzu, lokacin da Koriya ke ƙarƙashin mulkin Japan . A wannan lokacin, matsalolin kuɗi sun kawo cikas kuma sun hana sojojin Japan rufe kogin duk da yunƙurin da aka yi na yin hakan sau da yawa.  

Bayan Yaƙin Koriya, mutane da yawa sun yi ƙaura zuwa Seoul don neman abin rayuwa kuma suka zauna a gefen rafin a cikin gidaje marasa kyau. Shara, yashi, da sharar gida, da kuma mummunan yanayi da ya haifar da mummunan yanayi ga birnin. An rufe rafin da siminti tsawon shekaru 20 tun daga shekarar 1958, kuma an gina shi da siminti mai , An kammala  hanyar da aka gina a 1976. Yankin ya zama misali na nasarar masana'antu da kuma sabunta Koriya ta Kudu. 

 Maidowa 
A watan Yulin 2003, Magajin Garin Seoul Lee Myung-bak, ya ƙaddamar da wani aiki don cire babbar hanyar da ta yi tsayi da kuma gyara magudanar ruwa. Babban aiki ne tunda dole ne a cire babbar hanyar kuma shekaru na sakaci da haɓakawa sun bar rafin ya bushe kusan. Ana fitar da tan 120,000 na ruwa kowace rana daga Kogin Han, magudanar ruwa, da kuma ruwan ƙarƙashin ƙasa daga tashoshin jirgin ƙasa. 

Aikin Maido da Cheonggyecheon ya sami kyautar Veronica Rudge Green Prize a Tsarin Birane a shekarar 2010 daga Makarantar Digiri ta Zane ta Jami'ar Harvard .  

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