James Blyth (injiniya)

James Blyth (4 Afrilu 1839 - 15 Mayu 1906) ya kasance Injiniyan lantarki na Scotland kuma masanin kimiyya a Kwalejin Anderson, yanzu Jami'ar Strathclyde, a Glasgow . Ya kasance majagaba a fagen samar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar wutar lantarki da turbine na iska, wanda aka yi amfani da shi don haskaka gidan hutunsa a Marykirk a Aberdeenshire, shine tsarin farko da aka sani a duniya wanda aka samar da wutar wuta daga wutar lantarki. Blyth ya ba da izini ga ƙirar sa kuma daga baya ya haɓaka ingantaccen samfurin wanda ya zama tushen wutar lantarki na gaggawa a Montrose Lunatic Asylum, Infirmary & Dispensary na shekaru 30 masu zuwa. Kodayake Blyth ya sami karbuwa saboda gudummawar da ya bayar ga kimiyya, an yi la'akari da samar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar iska ba tare da tattalin arziki ba kuma ba a gina wasu turbines na iska a Ƙasar Ingila ba har zuwa 1951, wasu shekaru 64 bayan Blyth ya gina samfurinsa na farko. 

 Rayuwa ta farko 
An haifi James Blyth a Marykirk, Kincardineshire, a ranar 4 ga Afrilu 1839 ga John Blyth, mai kula da masauki kuma karamin manomi, da matarsa Catherine. Ya halarci makarantar Ikklisiya ta Marykirk sannan daga baya, Kwalejin Montrose  kafin ya sami tallafin karatu a Makarantar Al'ada ta Babban Taron, Edinburgh a 1856.  Bayan kammala karatunsa a matsayin Bachelor of Arts daga Jami'ar Edinburgh a 1861, Blyth ya koyar da lissafi a Kwalejin Morrison da ke Crieff kuma ya kafa tsarin fasaha da kimiyya don sabuwar Kwalejin George Watson da aka kafa a Edinburgh . 

Blyth ya kammala digiri na biyu a  Arts a 1871  kuma a wannan shekarar ya auri Jesse Wilhelmena Taylor a Cocin United Presbyterian a Athol Place, Edinburgh . Suna da 'ya'ya maza biyu da mata biyar, biyu daga cikinsu sun mutu tun suna jariri.

 Ayyuka 
A cikin 1880 an nada Blyth Farfesa Freeland na Falsafar Halitta a Kwalejin Anderson, Glasgow, wanda ya zama Kwalejin Fasaha ta Glasgow da Yammacin Scotland a cikin 1886.  Yayinda yake koyarwa a kwalejin fasaha ya bi shirin bincike mai aiki tare da sha'awar samarwa da adana wutar lantarki daga wutar lantarki. Dalibansa da abokan aikinsa suna son Blyth waɗanda ke sha'awar aikinsa na aiki tuƙuru, halin ƙasa da ƙasa da kuma shirye-shiryen mirgina hannunsa. Ya kuma kasance sananne a cikin al'ummar yankin ta hanyar jerin shahararrun laccoci da zanga-zangar.Anon. "It started here: No.9 Wind Power" (PDF). Strathclyde people. University of Strathclyde. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 January 2016. Retrieved 16 December 2010.

A watan Yulin 1887 Blyth ya gina turbine na iska mai laushi (ko "windmill") a cikin lambun gidansa na hutu a Marykirk kuma ya yi amfani da wutar lantarki da ya samar don cajin masu tarawa; an yi amfani da lantarki da aka adana don samar da fitilu a cikin gidansa, wanda hakan ya zama gidan farko a duniya da za a samar da wutar lantarki ta iska. A cikin wata takarda da aka kawo wa Philosophical Society of Glasgow a ranar 2 ga Mayu 1888, Blyth ya bayyana turbine na iska a matsayin "na ƙirar tripod, tare da iska mai ƙafa 33, makamai huɗu na ƙafa 13 tare da sails na zane, da kuma Burgin dynamo da aka fitar daga motar motsawa ta amfani da igiya". Turbine din ya samar da isasshen wutar lantarki don haskaka fitila goma na 25 a cikin "mai matsakaici" kuma ana iya amfani da shi don samar da wutar lantarki ga ƙaramin lathe. 

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