Tsarin daidaitawa na Sigma

Tsarin daidaitawa na sigma shine tsarin daidaitawa na yau da kullun da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin samfuran lissafi don ilimin teku, yanayin yanayi da sauran fannoni inda yanayin ruwa ya dace. Wannan tsarin daidaitawa yana karɓar sunansa daga mai zaman kansa mai zaman kansa 

σ 

{\displaystyle \sigma } 

An yi amfani da shi don wakiltar matakin matsin lamba.

Misalai da ke amfani da tsarin daidaita sigma sun haɗa da Tsarin Princeton Ocean (POM),  tsarin COupled Hydrodynamical Ecological don tekun REgioNal Shelf (COHERENS) , tsarin hasashen ECMWF, da sauran samfuran hasashen yanayi daban-daban.

 Bayyanawa 
Matsi a tsawo 

p 

{\displaystyle p} 

ana iya daidaita shi tare da matsin lamba 

p 

0 

{\displaystyle p_{0}} 

, ko kuma sau da yawa tare da matsin lamba a saman yankin da aka ayyana 

p 

T 

{\displaystyle p_{T}} 

. Darajar sigma a ma'auni shine ta hanyar ma'anar 1: watau, idan an daidaita shi, 

σ 

0 

=
1 

{\displaystyle \sigma _{0}=1} 

.

A cikin tsarin daidaita sigma, idan an raba sikelin sigma daidai, to a kowane batu a saman, kowane layi a kwance a sama da wannan batu yana da kauri iri ɗaya dangane da sigma, kodayake dangane da mita kowane layi na gaba daidai da kauri ya fi kauri fiye da na baya. Girman sigma na kowane Layer yana raguwa tare da tsawo na farfajiyar, ana matse matakan sigma tare (a cikin mita) yayin da aka rage jimlar kewayon tsaye.

Tsarin daidaitawa na sigma yana ba da damar sigma-surfaces don bin samfurin ƙasa; inda ƙasa ke da gangara sosai, haka kuma sigma surface. Wannan yana ba da damar ci gaba da filayen, kamar zafin jiki, don a wakilce su musamman a hankali a mafi ƙasƙanci a cikin samfurin. Bugu da ƙari, tare da yanayin lalacewa na yawa a cikin yanayi, daidaitattun sigma suna ba da ƙuduri mafi girma a tsaye (a cikin mita) kusa da farfajiya. Yanayin karkatawar sassan daidaitawa yana buƙatar ƙarin haɗuwa da ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin matsa lamba, kuma sassauci na ƙasa na iya haifar da shi ya wuce iyakokin ƙasa na gaskiya.

 Sigma mai daidaitawa 

 Haɗin sigma-matsi 
Wasu samfurori na yanayi suna amfani da tsarin daidaitawa sigma-matsin lamba, haɗakar da yadudduka masu suna sigma a kasa (ƙasa mai biyo baya) tare da isobaric (matsin lamba) yadudduka a sama. Layer na sama na isobaric gabaɗaya sun fi dacewa da lambobi (tun da yake sun fi dacewa), kuma musamman sun fi dacewa don lissafin canja wurin radiative (mai mahimmanci don daidaita abubuwan lura da hasken tauraron dan adam). Wasu samfurori (misali, NAM na 2009) suna da yanki mai tsabta na sigma a kasa da kuma matakin canji, sama da shi duk yadudduka daidai ne isobaric. Sauran samfuran (misali, GFS) sannu a hankali suna canzawa daga sigma zuwa isobaric.

 Hybrid sigma-ƙuƙwalwa 
Wasu samfuran oceanographic suna amfani da daidaitattun abubuwan da suka sauya daga yawa (isopycnic) zuwa daidaitattun sigma a cikin yankuna masu zurfi na bakin teku.

 Manazarta