Anomaly (kimiyya ta halitta)

In the natural sciences, especially in atmospheric and Earth sciences involving applied statistics, an anomaly is a persisting deviation in a physical quantity from its expected value, e.g., the systematic difference between a measurement and a trend or a model prediction.Wilks, D.S. (1995) Statistical Methods in the Atmospheric science, Academic Press.  (page 42) 
Similarly, a standardized anomaly equals an anomaly divided by a standard deviation. 
A group of anomalies can be analyzed spatially, as a map, or temporally, as a time series.
It should not be confused for an isolated outlier.
There are examples in atmospheric sciences and in geophysics.

 Ƙididdiga 
Yanayin da ma'auni da aka yi amfani da su wajen samar da jerin lokaci na iya zama dindindin ko kuma su kansu suna iya zama jerin lokaci ko taswira. Misali, idan jerin lokutan asali sun kunshi yanayin zafi na yau da kullun, ana iya cire tasirin sake zagayowar yanayi ta amfani da matattarar Desasonalization.

Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga, mai tsayayya da tasirin ƙididdiga masu banƙyama, ana amfani da su a waje lokuta a matsayin tushen canji.Wilks, D.S. (1995) Statistical Methods in the Atmospheric science, Academic Press.  (page 42)

 Misalan 

 Kimiyya ta sararin samaniya 
A cikin kimiyyar yanayi, ana amfani da sake zagayowar shekara-shekara na yanayi a matsayin darajar da ake tsammani. Shahararrun yanayin yanayi sune misali Kudancin Oscillation index (SOI) da Arewacin Atlantic oscillation index. SOI shine ɓangaren yanayi na El Niño, yayin da NAO ke taka muhimmiyar rawa ga yanayin Turai ta hanyar gyaran fitowar Hanyar guguwa Atlantic. Hakanan ana iya amfani da Yanayi na yau da kullun don samun yanayin yanayi.[1]

 Geophysics 

 Rashin ƙarfin maganaɗiso, bambanci tsakanin ƙarfin maganaɗilo da aka lura da ƙimar da aka annabta daga samfurin Bouguer anomaly, anomaly a cikin ƙarfin maganaɗison iska mai sauƙi, anomaly mai nauyi wanda aka ƙidaya don latitude kuma an gyara shi don tsawo na tashar
 Abun da ba daidai ba ne a cikin gravimetry
 Rashin daidaituwa na iska, rashin daidaituwa na nauyi wanda aka lissafa don latitude kuma an gyara shi don tsawo na tashar
 Iridium anomaly, wani abu mai ban mamaki na abin da ya saba da shi a cikin ɓawon burodi na Duniya
 Magnetic anomaly, bambancin gida a cikin filin magnetic na Duniya Bangui magnetic anomaly، a tsakiyar Afirka Kursk Magnetic Anomaly, yankin da ke da wadataccen ma'adanai na ƙarfe da ke cikin Kursk Oblast, Belgorod Oblast, da Oryol Oblast Temagami Magnetic Amomaly, babban tsarin ƙasa da aka binne a yankin Temagami na Ontario, Kanada
 Bangui magnetic anomaly, a tsakiyar Afirka
 Kursk Magnetic Anomaly, yankin da ke da wadataccen ƙarfe da ke cikin Kursk Oblast, Belgorod Oblast, da Oryol Oblast
 Temagami Magnetic Anomaly, babban tsarin geologic da aka binne a yankin Temagami na Ontario, Kanada

 Dubi kuma 

 Rashin amincewa (ƙididdiga) 
 Canjin yanayi
 Frequency spectrum
 Innovation (aikin sigina) 
 Ƙananan murabba'i
 Ƙananan ƙididdigar ƙididdiga
 Rashin yanayin zafi

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