Yanayin al'ada

Yanayin al'adu wani yanki ne a cikin Yanayin ɗan adam. Kodayake alamu na farko na nazarin kasashe da al'adu daban-daban a Duniya za a iya komawa zuwa tsoffin masu ilimin ƙasa kamar Ptolemy ko Strabo, ilimin al'adu a matsayin binciken ilimi ya fara fitowa a matsayin madadin ka'idodin ƙayyade muhalli na farkon karni na 20, wanda ya yi imanin cewa mutane da al'ummomi suna sarrafawa ta hanyar yanayin da suke tasowa. Maimakon nazarin yankuna da aka ƙaddara bisa ga rarraba muhalli, Yanayin al'adu ya zama mai sha'awar yanayin al'adun. Wannan ya jagoranci "mahaifin ilimin al'adu" Carl O. Sauer na Jami'ar California, Berkeley. A sakamakon haka, yanayin al'adu ya kasance mai rinjaye da marubutan Amurka.Jordan-Bychkov, Terry G.; Domosh, Mona; Rowntree, Lester (1994). The human mosaic: a thematic introduction to cultural geography. New York: HarperCollins CollegePublishers. ISBN 978-0-06-500731-2.

Masu ilimin ƙasa da ke amfani da wannan al'ada suna ganin al'adu da al'ummomi kamar yadda suke tasowa daga shimfidar wurare amma kuma suna tsara waɗannan shimfidar wuri. Wannan hulɗa tsakanin Yanayin halitta da mutane yana haifar da Yanayin al'adu. Wannan fahimtar tushe ne na yanayin al'adu amma an kara shi a cikin shekaru arba'in da suka gabata tare da karin ra'ayoyi masu rikitarwa na al'adu, waɗanda aka samo daga fannoni daban-daban ciki har da ilimin ɗan adam, ilimin zamantakewa, ka'idar adabi, da kuma mata. Babu ma'anar al'ada da ta mamaye a cikin yanayin al'adu. Ba tare da la'akari da fassarar al'adunsu ba, duk da haka, masu ilimin ƙasa sun ƙi ra'ayoyin da ke bi da al'ada kamar dai ya faru "a kan wani fil".

 Tarihi 
Kodayake alamu na farko na nazarin kasashe da al'adu daban-daban a Duniya za a iya komawa zuwa tsoffin masu ilimin ƙasa kamar Ptolemy ko Strabo, ilimin al'adu kamar binciken ilimi ya fara fitowa a matsayin madadin ka'idodin ƙayyade muhalli na farkon karni na ashirin, wanda ya yi imanin cewa mutane da al'ummomi suna sarrafawa ta hanyar yanayin da suke tasowa. Maimakon nazarin yankuna da aka ƙaddara bisa ga rarraba muhalli, Yanayin al'adu ya zama mai sha'awar yanayin al'adun. Wannan ya jagoranci Carl O. Sauer (wanda ake kira mahaifin ilimin al'adu), a Jami'ar California, Berkeley . A sakamakon haka, yanayin al'adu ya kasance mai rinjaye da marubutan Amurka.

 Manazarta