David Souter

David Hackett Souter (/ˈsuːtər/ SOO-tər; 17 ga Satumba, 1939 - 8 ga Mayu, 2025) lauya ne kuma lauya na Amurka wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Alkalin Kotun Koli na Amurka daga 1990 zuwa 2009. Shugaba George H. W. Bush ne ya nada shi don cika kujerar da William J. Brennan Jr. ya bar, Souter ya kasance memba na kotunan Rehnquist da Roberts.

An haife shi a New England, Souter ya halarci Kwalejin Harvard; Kwalejin Magdalen, Oxford; da Makarantar Shari'a ta Harvard. Bayan ya yi aiki na ɗan lokaci a cikin aikin kansa, ya koma aikin gwamnati. Ya yi aiki a matsayin mai gabatar da kara a ofishin Babban Lauyan New Hampshire (1968-1976); a matsayin babban lauya na New Hampshire (1976-1978); a matsayin mataimakin mai shari'a na Kotun Koli ta New Hampshire (1978-1983); a matsayin mai shari'ar Kotun Koli ta New Hampshire (New Hampshire) (1983-1990); kuma a matsayin alƙali na Kotun daukaka kara ta Amurka don Da'irar Farko (1990).

A tsakiyar shekara ta 2009, bayan Barack Obama ya hau mulki a matsayin shugaban Amurka, Souter ya sanar da ritayar sa daga Kotun; Sonia Sotomayor ta gaje shi. Souter ya ci gaba da sauraron shari'o'i ta hanyar sanyawa a matakin kotun da'ira.

 Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi 
An haifi Souter a Melrose, Massachusetts, a ranar 17 ga Satumba, 1939, ɗa kaɗai na Joseph Alexander Souter (1904-1976) da Helen Adams (Hackett) Souter (1907-1995). Mahaifinsa ya fito ne daga asalin Scotland kuma mahaifiyarsa ta fito ne daga zuriyar Ingila. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 11, ya koma tare da iyalinsa zuwa gonar su a Weare, New Hampshire . 

 Naɗin Kotun Koli ta Amurka 
Shugaba George H. W. Bush da farko ya yi la'akari da zabar Clarence Thomas a wurin zama na Brennan, amma shi da masu ba shi shawara sun yanke shawarar cewa Thomas bai riga ya sami isasshen ƙwarewa a matsayin alƙali ba. Warren Rudman, wanda tun lokacin da aka zaba shi a Majalisar Dattijai ta Amurka, kuma tsohon Gwamnan New Hampshire John H. Sununu, shugaban ma'aikatan Bush a lokacin, ya ba da shawarar Souter, kuma sun taimaka wajen gabatarwa da tabbatar da shi. An ruwaito cewa Bush "ya burge shi sosai da mahimmancin ilimi na Souter" kuma basirar Souter, "musamman mai ban sha'awa a tarurruka guda ɗaya", an ruwaito cewa ya kasance abin sha'awa ne a cikin gabatarwa. A lokacin, 'yan kallo kaɗan a waje da New Hampshire sun san ko wanene Souter,  kodayake an ruwaito cewa ya kasance a cikin gajeren jerin sunayen Reagan na wadanda aka zaba don kujerar Kotun Koli da Lewis F. Powell Jr. ke riƙe wanda daga ƙarshe ya tafi Anthony Kennedy. 

 Kotun Koli ta Amurka 

 Rayuwa ta mutum 
Da zarar The Washington Post ta kira shi a matsayin daya daga cikin 10 Mafi cancanta na Washington,  Souter bai taba yin aure ba, kodayake ya taɓa yin aure.  Ya kasance Episcopalian.

 Mutuwa 
Souter ya mutu a gidansa a ranar 8 ga Mayu, 2025, yana da shekaru 85.  Babban Alkalin John Roberts ya ce bayan mutuwarsa, "Mai Shari'a David Souter ya yi wa Kotunmu hidima da babban bambanci kusan kusan shekaru ashirin. Ya kawo hikima da alheri mai ban mamaki ga rayuwarsa ta hidimar jama'a. Bayan ya yi ritaya ga ƙaunataccen New Hampshire a shekara ta 2009, ya ci gaba da ba da muhimmiyar hidima ga reshenmu ta hanyar zama a kai a kai a kotun daukaka kara na farko fiye da shekaru goma.  Za a rasa shi sosai.
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