Felice Orsini

Felice Orsini (pronunciation Italiyanci: [feˈliːtʃe koˈsiːni];  [fəlis ɔʁsini]; 10 Disamba 1819 - 13 Maris 1858) ya kasance mai juyin juya halin Italiya kuma shugaban Carbonari wanda ya yi ƙoƙarin kashe Napoleon III, Sarkin sarakuna na Faransa.

 Rayuwa ta farko 
An haifi Felice Orsini a Meldola a Romagna, sannan wani ɓangare na Papal States. An ƙarfafa shi ya zama firist, amma ya watsar da wannan salon rayuwa kuma ya zama mai sassaucin ra'ayi, ya shiga Giovane Italiya, ƙungiyar siyasa da Giuseppe Mazzini ya kafa.

 Kaddamarwa da ayyukan juyin juya hali 
An kama Orsini a shekara ta 1844 tare da mahaifinsa, wanda ke da hannu a cikin makircin juyin juya hali kuma an yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai. Sabon Paparoma, Pius IX ya 'yantar da shi, kuma ya jagoranci wani kamfani na matasa Romagnols a Yaƙin Farko na Independence na Italiya a 1848, ya bambanta kansa a cikin alkawurran da aka yi a Treviso da Vicenza . 

An zabi Orsini a matsayin memba na Majalisar Dokokin Roma a 1849, kuma bayan faduwar jamhuriya mai juyin juya hali a Roma, ya yi makirci a kan mulkin kama-karya na papal don amfanin jam'iyyar Mazzinian. Mazzini ya tura shi kan wani aikin sirri zuwa Hungary, amma an kama shi a 1854 kuma an ɗaure shi a Mantua.  Ya tsere bayan 'yan watanni ta amfani da ƙaramin saw don yankewa ta hanyar sanduna biyu, ya hau daga taga 100 feet sama da ƙasa kuma ya sauka ta amfani da igiya da ya yi da gado. Da yake wucewa a matsayin manomi mai tausayi, ya sami nasarar wucewa ga masu tsaron Austriya.

A shekara ta 1856, ya ziyarci Burtaniya na ɗan lokaci kuma ya sami kyakkyawar tarba. Jaridar Daily News ta buga fassarar farko ta Turanci game da labarin tserewa. [ana buƙatar hujja][citation needed] Ya buga The Memoirs and Adventures of Felice Orsini a shekara ta 1856. A shekara ta 1857, ya kuma buga labarin abubuwan da ya fuskanta a gidan yari a Turanci a ƙarƙashin taken The Austrian Dungeons in Italy, wanda ya haifar da rabuwar kai tsakaninsa da Mazzini. Sannan ya fara tattaunawa da Ausonio Franchi, editan Ragione of Turin, wanda ya gabatar da shawarar yin ƙungiyar 'yan Republican tsantsa.[1]

Orsini ya gamsu cewa Napoleon III shine babban cikas ga 'yancin Italiya kuma shine babban dalilin adawa da' yanci a duk Turai.[1] Ya shirya kisan gillar da ya yi da tunanin cewa bayan mutuwar sarki, Faransa za ta tashi cikin tawaye kuma Italiyawa za su iya amfani da halin da ake ciki don tayar da kansu. Ya tafi Paris a shekara ta 1857 don yin makirci a kan sarki.

A ƙarshen shekara ta 1857, Orsini ya ziyarci Ingila a takaice, inda ya tuntubi masanin bindiga Joseph Taylor kuma ya tambaye shi ya yi kwafin bam guda shida na ƙirar Orsini; zai fashe a kan tasiri kuma ya yi amfani da fulminate na mercury a matsayin fashewa. An gwada bam din a Sheffield da Devon tare da taimakon mai tsattsauran ra'ayi na Faransa Simon Bernard . Da gamsuwa, Orsini ya koma Paris tare da bama-bamai kuma ya tuntubi wasu masu makirci, Giovanni Andrea Pieri, Antonio Gomez da Carlo di Rudio (daga baya ya canza zuwa Charles DeRudio).

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