Yanayin kurkuku

Yanayin kurkuku wani bangare ne na Yanayin ɗan adam wanda ke bincika "yankin kurkuku", wanda ya haɗa da kurkuku, sansanoni, cibiyoyin tsare shige da fice, wuraren baƙar fata, da sauran wuraren da aka tsare mutane. Masu ilimin ƙasa na kurkuku na iya nazarin ƙirar wuraren kurkuku da kuma yadda waɗannan sarari ke fuskantar mutanen da ke kurkuku da al'ummomin da ke kewaye. Har ila yau, suna nazarin canje-canje a wuraren kurkuku a tsawon lokaci, suna haɗuwa da yanayin tarihi.

Masana ilimin ƙasa suna mai da hankali ga siyasa da sanya wuraren kurkuku, da kuma yadda ayyukan kurkuku ke tsarawa ta hanyar mulkin mallaka da jari-hujja na launin fata.

 Tarihi 
An buga takardun farko "a cikin filin" na yanayin kurkuku a ƙarshen shekarun 1990 ko farkon shekarun 2000, tare da gudummawar Teresa Dirsuweit, Chris Philo, da Ruth Wilson Gilmore. A cikin 2015, yanayin gidan yarin ya kasance "sabon filin ci gaba da sauri",  kuma a cikin 2021 ya kasance "da ƙarfi a kan taswira" na bincike a cikin yanayin ɗan adam tare da hanyoyi daban-daban na ka'idoji a cikin filin. 

Bincike a fannin yanayin kurkuku ya samo asali ne daga aikin Michel Foucault, Erving Goffman, da Giorgio Agamben.Morin, Karen (2013). "DISTINGUISHED HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY LECTURE, 2013 Carceral Space and the Usable Past" (PDF). Historical Geography. 41: 1–21. Har ila yau, yana gina kan aikin da ya gabata a cikin ilimin laifuka da ilimin zamantakewar kurkuku, kodayake inda waɗannan fannoni suka jaddada lokaci a matsayin hanyar fahimtar ƙimar ɗaurin kurkuku ko kwarewar fursunoni, yanayin kurkuku yana jaddada nazarin sarari don fahimtar waɗannan batutuwa.Moran, Dominique (Feb 2013). "Carceral Geography and the Spatialities of Prison Visiting: Visitation, Recidivism, and Hyperincarceration". Environment and Planning D: Society and Space. 31 (1): 174–190. doi:10.1068/d18811. ISSN 0263-7758. Har ila yau, filin ya samo asali ne daga binciken da ya gabata a fannin kiwon lafiyar kwakwalwa.

 Yanayin kawar da ƙasa 
Daga baya karatun a cikin yanayin kurkuku ya ɗauki juyin abolitionist, yana bincika makomar ba tare da 'yan sanda da kurkuku ba.

Yankin kawar da ƙasa yana da alaƙa da ƙungiyoyin zamantakewa waɗanda ke aiki don yin 'yan sanda da kurkuku sun zama tsofaffi ta hanyar taimakawa wajen tunanin wasu tsarin siyasa da zamantakewa. Wannan fagen binciken yana kalubalantar dangantakar orthodox ga dukiya a karkashin mulkin mallaka da jari-hujja na launin fata. Tambaya ta tsakiya da wannan fagen ya bincika ita ce ko jihar ya kamata ta taimaka wajen kawar da masana'antar kurkuku, ko kuma ya kamata kungiyoyin kasa su aiwatar da canji ba tare da dogaro da jihar ba - ko kuma a adawa da shi.

 Manazarta