Duncan Phyfe

Duncan Phyfe (1768 - 16 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1854)  ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan masu yin majalisa na Amurka a karni na sha tara.

Maimakon ƙirƙirar sabon salon kayan ɗaki, ya fassara yanayin zamani na Turai a hanyar da ta bambanta kuma ta musamman cewa ya zama babban mai magana da yawun Neoclassicism a Amurka, yana rinjayar ƙarni na masu yin majalisa na Amurka.

 Rayuwa da aiki 
An haife shi Duncan Fife kusa da Loch Fannich, Scotland, ya yi hijira tare da iyalinsa zuwa Albany, New York, a cikin shekara ta 1784 kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mai horar da majalisa.

A shekara ta 1791 ya koma Birnin New York  kuma shekara guda bayan haka an rubuta rubutun farko game da shi a cikin birni, lokacin da aka zabe shi zuwa Babban Kamfanin Mechanics da Tradesmen, wanda Isaac Nichols da Seabury Champlin suka tallafawa, kowanne daga cikinsu na iya horar da shi. 

A lokacin aurensa a shekara ta 1793, ya bayyana a cikin kundin adireshin New York a matsayin "mai haɗuwa," amma a shekara ta 1784 ya kira kansa "mai yin cabinet" kuma ya canza rubutun sunansa zuwa Phyfe. Ya buɗe kasuwancin kansa a shekara ta 1794 kuma an jera shi a matsayin mai yin majalisa a cikin New-York Directory and Register . Daga shagonsa na farko a kan 2 Broad Street, daga baya ya koma Partition Street (daga baya aka sake masa suna Fulton Street a 1817 don girmama Robert Fulton), inda ya zauna har tsawon rayuwarsa.

Wani baƙo matalauci ne lokacin da ya isa Amurka daga asalinsa Scotland, Phyfe ya sami wadata da daraja ta hanyar aiki tuƙuru, ƙwarewa ta musamman da goyon bayan masu tallafawa. Zai zo ya ƙidaya a cikin abokan cinikinsa wasu daga cikin iyalai masu arziki da kuma mafi yawan tarihi. A cikin rabin farko na karni na sha tara ya yi kayan ado na Neoclassical ga masu zaman kansu da na kasuwanci na New York, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, da Kudancin Amurka inda ya shahara sosai. An san shi a lokacin rayuwarsa a matsayin "Rage na Amurka", har zuwa yau ya kasance sanannen mai yin majalisa na Amurka,  ya kafa sunansa a matsayin mai ba da alatu ta hanyar tsara kayan ɗaki masu inganci.

Salon sa na kashin kansa, wanda aka siffanta shi da mafi girman girma, daidaito, daidaito, da kuma kamewa, ya zama salon gida na New York. Mutane da yawa masu koyon aiki da kuma matafiya da suka fuskanci wannan salon na musamman ta hanyar yin aiki na ɗan lokaci a shagon Phyfe ko kuma ta hanyar kwaikwayon ƙirar babban mai yin kabad sun taimaka wajen ƙirƙira da kuma ci gaba da wannan makarantar yin kabad ta gida. Bukatar aikin Phyfe ta kai kololuwarta tsakanin 1805 da 1820, kodayake ya kasance babban mutum a cikin wannan sana'ar har zuwa 1847, lokacin da ya yi ritaya yana da shekaru saba'in da bakwai. Duk da haka, a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci na tsara ɗaya, aikin maigidan ya kusan mantawa har zuwa lokacin da aka farfaɗo a shekarun 1920, lokacin da kamfanonin kayan daki daban-daban suka kwaikwayi ƙirarsa tsawon shekaru da yawa.

Ya shahara a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu yin kabad a Amurka ta hanyar sayar da kayan daki a farashi mai rahusa. Aikin Phyfe ya ƙunshi nau'ikan salon Neoclassical na wannan lokacin, tun daga kayan daki na farko - waɗanda ke ɗauke da tasirin magabatansa na Burtaniya na ƙarni na 18 Thomas Sheraton da Thomas Hope - wanda ya ci gaba da Regency, Federal, Empire kuma ya ƙare da ƙirarsa mai sauƙi a cikin salon Girka.
Manazarta 

Category:Mutuwan  1854