William Ramsay Smith

William Ramsay Smith'''''' FRSE (27 Nuwamba 1859 - 28 Satumba 1937),  wanda ake kira Ramsay Smith, likita ne na Scotland, malami, masanin halitta, masanin ilimin ɗan adam kuma ma'aikacin gwamnati, wanda ya yi aiki a Kudancin Australia bayan ya koma can yana da kimanin shekaru 37 a 1896. Da farko an nada shi a matsayin likitan cututtuka a Asibitin Royal Adelaide kuma daga baya aka nada shi zuwa wasu matsayi, gami da na mai bincike birni a Adelaide, amma abin da ya bari ya lalace ta hanyar zargin rashin amfani da gawar mutum. Ya yi nazarin Aboriginal Australians, kuma ya aika da sassan jiki zuwa tarin ilimin ɗan adam na Jami'ar Edinburgh. Ya wallafa littattafai da labarai da yawa a cikin mujallu na kimiyya, kuma a cikin 1930 ya buga wani aiki a ƙarƙashin sunansa wanda daga baya aka gano aikin Ngarrindjeri Elder David Unaipon ne.

 Rayuwa ta farko 
An haifi Smith a Sarki Edward, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, ɗan William Smith (ma'aikacin gona, kuma daga baya mai kula da tashar) da matarsa Mary née MacDonald (ma'aikatan gida). Sun zauna a gidan Cairnbanno kusa da New Deer . Ya halarci makarantar jama'a ta Cairnbanno da ke kusa (wanda ya koyar ta amfani da tsarin Makarantar Madras - duk dalibai suna koyarwa). Samun tallafin karatu na Ikilisiya kyauta, daga 1877 ya yi karatun zane-zane a Jami'ar Edinburgh sannan ya halarci Kwalejin Horar da Gidan Moray don horar da shi a matsayin malami na tsawon shekaru biyu.

 Ayyuka 
A shekara 20 an nada Smith a matsayin shugaban makarantar Invergordon Public School, a Easter Ross, amma, saboda sha'awar ilimin lissafi, ya koma Jami'ar Edinburgh don nazarin zane-zane da kimiyya. Daga nan sai ya sami tallafin karatu na likita na £ 100 a shekara na tsawon shekaru uku. Bayan kammala karatunsa na likita a 1885 an nada Smith mataimakin farfesa na tarihin halitta, babban mai nuna ilimin dabbobi a Jami'ar Edinburgh. Ya kammala karatun BSc (kimiyya ta halitta) a 1888.

A cikin 1889 an buga 'Illustrations of Zoology' wanda ya shirya tare da haɗin gwiwar J. S. Norwell . Ya kammala karatun MB ChM a shekara ta 1892. Shekaru biyu Smith ya kasance mai nuna ilimin jikin mutum a Edinburgh, kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mai jarrabawa a Kwalejin Likitoci ta Royal na Edinburgh. A wannan lokacin ya zauna a 4 Grange Loan a kudancin Edinburgh . 

 Ostiraliya 
A shekara ta 1896 Smith ya yi tafiya zuwa Ostiraliya bisa buƙatar Gwamnatin Kudancin Ostiraliya don cika matsayi na cututtuka a Asibitin Royal Adelaide. An kori Smith daga Kungiyar Likitocin Burtaniya kuma an dakatar da shi daga ƙungiyar a cikin 1897 bayan rikici na ciki tare da ma'aikatan asibiti (waɗanda suka zarge shi da rashin iyawa), amma an cire shi ta hanyar binciken da Hukumar Asibitin ta yi. A shekara ta 1899 an nada shi likita ga sashin Cututtukan cututtuka a asibitin, Adelaide City Coroner, Sufeto na Anatomy kuma shugaban Hukumar Lafiya ta Tsakiya. Also available via ResearchGate

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