Daular Bilala

Daular Bilala  ita ce zuriyar sarauta ta shugabannin gargajiya na Mutanen Bilala, wata kabilanci a yau da ke kewaye da Tafkin Fitri a Chadi. Sarakunan Bilala a tarihi sun mallaki yankuna daban-daban, kuma sun bambanta da iko da lakabi da aka yi amfani da su. Jerin sarakunan Bilala, waɗanda aka adana ta hanyar al'adar baki, ba su dace ba kuma sun sabawa juna kafin ƙarshen karni na 19.

A cikin karni na 14, Bilala ta ci Kanem, yankin da ke arewa Mayu gabashin Tafkin Chadi, daga Daular Sayfawa na Daular Kanem-Bornu. Ana kiran sarakunan Bilala na Kanem da lakabi kamar mai, sarkin, da Sultan a cikin tushe, lakabi kuma ana amfani da su ga sarakunan Sayfawa. Bilala sun rasa Kanem a karni na 17, bayan haka suka yi ƙaura zuwa ƙasashensu na yanzu a kusa da Tafkin Fitri. Babban birnin gargajiya na Bilala tun daga wannan lokacin shine garin Yao. Shugabannin Bilala tun daga karni na 17 ana kiransu da sarakunan Yao,  kodayake ana amfani da Mayu lakabi a wasu lokuta, kamar mai na Fitri  ko sultan na Fitri. 

 Adadin kakanninmu 
Labaran asalin gargajiya na sarakunan Bilala suna kama da, kuma galibi suna da alaƙa da, labaran asali ko sarakuna na Daular Sayfawa, wanda ya mallaki Daular Kanem-Bornu. Kamar Sayfawa, Bilala daga lokacin da suka tuba zuwa addinin Musulunci sun yi iƙirarin asalin Larabawa na almara a matsayin tushen daraja. Akwai nau'o'i daban-daban na asalin labarin, tare da sunaye daban-daban da aka ba wa kakan daular Bilala:

 Ɗaya daga cikin sassan ya yi iƙirarin cewa Bilala sun fito ne daga wani kakannin da ake kira Bilal  ko Balal .  An ce Bilal ya kasance dan Afirka na farko da ya tuba zuwa addinin Musulunci, watakila abokin farko na annabi. An ruwaito cewa zuriyar Bilal "sun haɗu da Larabawa". Wani sashi kuma ya ƙunshi Bilal, amma ya sanya shi a cikin wani Kanembu na gida, wanda ya shirya karfi don adawa da mulkin Sayfawa.
 Ɗaya daga cikin fassarar ya ba kakannin Yemen na Bilala sunan Muhammad al-Kabir al-Yamani. An ce annabin ya sanya Al-Yamani a matsayin sarki kuma ya rayu shekaru ɗari biyu. A cewar wannan labarin, al-Yamani ya yi tafiya sosai kuma ya yi ƙoƙari ya maida al'ummomi daban-daban zuwa Islama, gami da mutanen da ke kewaye da Bahar Maliya, kafin ya zauna a Chadi na zamani.
 Ɗaya daga cikin sassan ya yi iƙirarin cewa Bilala sun kasance zuriyar "sultan na Bagadaza" kuma sun "suke da iko a Bagadaza na ɗan lokaci. A cewar wannan labarin, Sef (tsohon Sayfawa) ya kai wa Bilala hari a Bagadaza bayan ya bar Yemen; An ce Sef ya ci Bilala kuma ya zama sultan na Bagadaza. Sef daga ƙarshe ya bar Bagadaza ya yi tafiya zuwa "Badinimguro", inda ya kasance na shekaru 333, sannan ya yi tafiya til "N'gibi N'gabulo", inda shi ma yana da shekaru 333, kafin ya isa Njimi a Kanem. Bilala sun zo Kanem daga baya kuma an raba ƙasar tsakanin su da Sayfawa.
 Mayu daga cikin sassan ya ambaci mai mulkin farko na Bilala a matsayin Jil Sukumami  ko Djil Sjikomeni. Heinrich Barth (1857) ya yi imanin cewa Jil ɗan Sayfawa mai Dunama II Dibalemi ne. Richmond Palmer (1936) ya sanya shi daga Mayu, a matsayin zamani na karni na 14 Sayfawa mais Idris I Nikalemi da Dawud Nikalemi . 

 Tarihin baki 

 Tarihin tarihi 
Za a iya samar da cikakken bayani game da tarihin Bilala ta hanyar Bilala da kuma kafofin waje. An fara rubuta Bilala a matsayin waɗanda suka yi rikici da Sayfawa a zamanin Sayfawa mai Dawud Nikalemi na ƙarni na 14.  Bilala ta kayar da Dawud kuma ta kashe shi  ta 1363,  kuma Bilala ta sami damar kama Njimi, babban birnin Kanem .   Magajin Dawud, Uthman I, ya sake kwace Njimi,  amma ya sake shan kashi ga Bilala bayan wasu shekaru, a zamanin Sayfawa mai Umar I Idrismi,  1380.  Rashin Kanem ya sa Sayfawa suka sake kafa kansu a yammacin Tafkin Chad, a yankin Bornu . 

Bilala sun kafa nasu mulkin a Kanem, wanda ya yi gasa da na Sayfawa a Bornu. Bilala sun mallaki Kanem har sai sun rasa ƙasar a shekara ta 1630,  bayan haka suka koma ƙasashensu na yanzu a kusa da Tafkin Fitri.

 Shugabannin da aka ambata a cikin Sayfawa Girgam 
Tarihin Daular Kanem-Bornu da shugabanninta galibi an rubuta su a cikin Girgam, tarihin sarauta da aka kiyaye a cikin ƙarni galibi ta hanyar Tarihin baki. Girgam da ke yin rikodin layin sarakunan Sayfawa sun kuma ambaci sarakunan Bilala da yawa, kodayake ba a rubuta cikakken layin sarakuna ba. An ba da irin waɗannan sunaye da cikakkun bayanai game da waɗannan sarakuna a cikin Girgam wanda Heinrich Barth ya fassara a 1857 da Richmond Palmer a 1928:
Sunan (Barth, 1857) Sunan (Palmer, 1928) Sayfawa na zamani BayaniʿAbd el JélilAbd ul Jalil na zuriyar Ume (Jilmi) Dawud NikalemiDaoud ya mutu a yaƙiMuhammadu, ɗan ʿAbd Allah"Eanemma"GajiAn kashe Gaji a yaƙiSelma ko ʿAbd el JélilBa a ambaci shi baAli I GajiBarth ya bayyana cewa Leo Africanus na zamani ya gano wannan mai mulki a matsayin ʿOmár .Dunama, ɗan Selma ko ʿAbd el JélilBa a ambaci shi baIdris na Uku KatagarmabeDan Selma, wanda Idris III ya ci nasaraA'dim, ɗan'uwan DunamaBa a ambaci shi ba) Idris na Uku KatagarmabeYa hau gadon sarauta bayan mutuwar ɗan'uwansa Dunama, wanda Idris III ya ci nasaraKadé, ɗan ʿAbd el Jélil da LifiyaKadai ibn LefiaMuhammad na shida AminamiRose ya yi wa Muhammad VI kuma an ci shiʿAbd el Jélil, ɗan KadeAbd ul Jalil ibn GumsuDunama na shida MuhammaduAbdullah IV DunamamiDan Kadé, ya tayar da Dunama VI kuma an ci shiʿAbd Allah, ɗan ʿAbbd el JélilBa a ambaci shi baAbdullah IV DunamamiAissa KoliIdris na IV AloomaDan ʿAbd el Jélil, ya kammala yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya tare da Idris IVMuhammadu, ɗan ʿAbd AllahBa a ambaci shi baIdris na IV AloomaDan ʿAbd Allah, ya mutu bayan ɗan gajeren sarautaʿAbd el Jélil ben ʿAbda el JélilAbd ul Jalil ɗan 'yar GargarIdris na IV AloomaKakan Muhammadu, ya karya tattaunawar da Idris IV kuma ya yi yaƙi da shi

 Bilala Girgam da tarihi 
Bilala suna da al'adun su don yin rikodin layin sarauta, kodayake jerin sarakuna sun bambanta sosai tsakanin nau'o'i daban-daban. Wasu gajerun tarihin gargajiya na takamaiman abubuwan da suka faru a tarihin Bilala suma sun rubuta wasu sarakuna. Richmond Palmer ya fassara jerin sarauta da gajerun tarihi da yawa a cikin Sudanese Memoirs (1928).

 Tarihi 
Ɗaya daga cikin labarun da Palmer ya fassara (a cikin nau'o'i da yawa) shine The Bilala Secession daga Mais na Kanem, wanda ya rubuta nasarar Bilala na Kanem da shekarun da suka biyo baya. Dangane da sigar, The Bilala Secession ya rubuta mai mulkin Bilala guda ɗaya (mai suna "Bilala" ko "Bulala") kamar yadda ya ci Kanem kuma ya yi mulki na ƙarni ɗaya, ko kuma maye gurbin sarakuna uku: 

 Sultan Bilala (ko Lefia) na Fitri, wanda ya ci Kanem daga Sayfawa mai Dawud kuma ya yi mulki na shekaru 25.
 Sultan Sowi, wanda ya yi mulki na tsawon shekaru 32.
 Sultan Yari bin Sowi, wanda ya yi mulki na tsawon shekaru 19 kuma Sayfawa mai "Ali Gaji" ya ci shi.

Don yin jerin lokuta, Palmer ya gano "Ali Gaji" ba a matsayin Sayfawa mai ba in ba haka ba an rubuta shi a matsayin Ali I Gaji ba, amma a matsayin mai mulkin Sayfawa na Mayu Gaji,  wanda Sayfawa Girgam ya bayyana shi da rikici kamar yadda mai mulkin Bilala mai suna Mohammed ya kashe shi.  Palmer ya ba da shawarar cewa Yari da Mohammed sunaye ne guda biyu ga mai mulki ɗaya, kuma duka sunayen sunaye ne daga baya.

Wani labari, The War Between the Bilala and Sayfawa, ya rubuta tarihin Bilala a lokacin Sayfawa mai Idris IV Alooma .  Wannan labarin ya haɗa da labarin rikice-rikice na tarihin Sayfawa; Sayfawa 'Mayu' Ali I Gaji (mai gina Ngazargamu) da Ali II Zainami (mahaifin Idris) an yi kuskuren daidaita su da mutum ɗaya kuma Aissa Koli an gano shi a matsayin 'yar Dunama II Dibalemi. 'Yaƙin Tsakanin Bilala da Sayfawa' ya rubuta cewa Ali ya auri Amsa, 'yar mai mulkin Bilala Umr (Umar), wanda shine mahaifiyar Idris. Idris daga ƙarshe ya zama mai mulkin Sayfawa kuma daga baya ya jagoranci kamfen inda ya ci nasara kuma ya kashe kakan mahaifiyarsa Umr, wanda ya zama mai mulki na Bilala. Bayan Idris, Mai Kunuma (ko Mai Mala Ganami), ɗan Umr, ya zama mai mulkin Bilala kuma Bilala ya koma yankin Tafkin Fitri.

 Jerin (mace) 
A cikin Sudanese Memoirs, Palmer ya fassara jerin sunayen sarakunan Bilala guda uku. Wadannan jerin sun hada da Bilala Girgam, tare da shekarun sarauta da wasu bayanan kula, da kuma jerin sunayen sarakuna guda biyu. Palmer ya lakafta jerin sunayen guda biyu a matsayin Jerin Bilala Mais na Kanem (List A) da Asalin Sarakunan Bilala na Fitri A cewar Manuscript na Sarkin Gulfei (List B). Jerin ba su bambanta tsakanin kakanninmu ba, sarakunan Bilala na Kanem, da sarakunan Bilara na Yao (Fitri).
+Girgam na Bilala Jerin B Jerin A  Muhammad al-Yamani, mai mulkin Bilala na farko, ya zo "Bahr Sau" kuma ya mutu a can.
 Salih (shekaru 12) 
 Muhammad al-Wan (shekaru 24) 
 Abdul Jalil al-Kabir (shekaru 47), ya yi yaƙi da "Idris na Bornu" kuma ya ci Lake Fitri, na farko da ya yi mulki daga Yao
 Muhammad Alwan (shekaru 19), ɗan Abdul Jalil al-Kabir
 Muhammad Rishad (shekara 21), ɗan Muhammad Alwan
 Muhammad Adil Saghir (shekaru 7 da watanni 6), ɗan'uwan Muhammad Rishad
 Muhammad Adil al-Kabir (shekaru 19), ɗan Muhammad Adil Saghir
 Muhammad Beyad (shekaru 4 da watanni 4), ɗan Muhammad Adil al-Kabir
 Muhammad Umr (shekaru 30), ɗan'uwan Muhammad Beyad
 Muhammad Jeli al-Saghir (shekaru 3), ɗan Muhammad Umr
 Muhammad Abd al-Jalil al-Kabir (shekaru 5), ɗan Muhammad Jeli al-Saghir
 Muhamamd N'gâri (shekaru 15), ɗan Muhammad Abd al-Jalil al-Kabir
 Abdurahman (ko Abd ar-Rahman) (shekaru 25), ɗan Muhammad N'gâri, ya yi yaƙi da ƙungiyar Toubo
 Muhammad Sowi (shekaru 49), ɗan Abdurahman, mai mulki mai adalci
 Muhammad Abd al-Jalil al-Kabir (shekaru 32), ɗan Muhamamd Sowi
 Muhammad Abd al-Jalil al-Saghir (shekaru 47), ɗan'uwan Muhammad Abd al'Jalil a Kabir, yunwa da rashin lafiya a mulkinsa
 Muhammad Shawi (shekaru 29), ɗan Muhammad Abd al-Jalil al-Kabir
 Idris (shekaru 37), ɗan Muhammad Shawi, yaƙi da Bagirmi akan hauren giwa
 Muhammad Bekuma al-Kabir (shekaru 39), ɗan Idris
 Jurab al-Fil (shekaru 40), ɗan'uwan Muhammad Bekuma al-Kabir
 Musa (shekaru 24), yakin basasa da ɗan'uwansa Jurab al-Saghir, wanda ya tsere daga ƙasar amma ya dawo ya kashe Musa bayan Musa ya yi mulki shekaru 24.
 Jurab al-Saghir (shekaru 38), ɗan'uwan Musa
 Hassan Bekuma (shekaru 7), yakin basasa da ɗan'uwansa Gudei, wanda ya tsere daga ƙasar zuwa Wadai
 Maina Jiri (shekaru 3), ɗan'uwan Hassan Bekuma, wanda Yusuf na Wadai ya kai masa hari, ya ci nasara, kuma ya kama shi a kurkuku
 Gudei (shekaru 13), ɗan'uwan Maina Jiri da Hassan Bekuma, wanda Yusuf na Wadai ya sanya, ya fuskanci yakin basasa da 'ya'yan Musa suka kashe, wanda Faransanci suka kashe
 Hassan (shekaru 20), magajin Gudei
 Chiroma, ɗan Hassan, ya zama mai mulki a 1922 Muhammad al-Kabir al-Yamani
 Muhammadu
 Muhammadu
 Muhammadu
 Moama Mahmud
 Muhammadu
 Muhammadu
 Muhammad al-Bulalai, "a lokacin da rabuwa ta faru"
 Muhammadu
 Muhammad Tsilin (Al Aswad) "mai arziki"
 Muhammadu
 Muhammadu
 Abd al-Kârim
 Abd al-Jalil
 Abd al-Jalil
 Abdalla Fahanam
 Jili (Abd al-Jalil) 
 Muhammad Chiroma
 Muhammad Wali, an binne shi a "Seita"
 Abdalla (Abdullahi) 
 Muhammad Jurab al-Kabir
 Muhammad Abu Sakkin
 Sultan Muhammad Jurab
 Muhammad Kade Othman ibn Affan
 Hakkiyi
 Umr
 Khuri
 Hadari
 Tadu
 Hari
 Kudu ko Kiwada
 Kunna ko Kinâ
 Gadig ko Gadga
 Mai Koma ko Mai Gana
 Sadiyi ko Sadi
 Lefia
 Gemu ko Jimu
 Jurab
 Abu Sakkin
 Baliyi ko Baliya
 K'ala
 Haj Halihan ko Haj Jil
 Behama
 Asawa ko Asawi
 Dahu ko Dahi
 Lihu ko Lihi
 Hamr ko Umr
 Adamu
 Bikur
 Tadu
 Haj Umr
 Adam Kai
 Abdurrahman
 Ahmad ko Hamad
 Sowi ko Sawi (Asawi) 
 Sultan Yari
 Lefia (Maina Muhammad ibn Yari) 
 Dala
 Daward (Khalifa Daudumi) 
 Lefia
 Dala
 Umr
 Chiroma
 Medu ko Maidugu
 Kademi ko Kazgin
 Kâlah ko Kâle
 Shattima "wanda shine Mahir-asal-Sheikh"
A cewar Palmer, bambance-bambance a ƙarshen Jerin A saboda rabuwa ne a cikin zuriyar Bilala, tare da Jerin A wanda ke wakiltar reshen yarima Bilala mai suna Shettima, ba na babban layin ba. Palmer ya yi imanin cewa duka Jerin A da Jerin B sun yi kuskure amma sun bayyana cewa sun kara da juna, suna da'awar cewa za'a iya ƙirƙirar kusan cikakken jerin ta hanyar haɗa su biyu. Palmer kuma ya kirkiro jerin kwatankwacin, inda aka gano adadi da yawa kamar su Othman ibn Affan a cikin Jerin A watakila yana da adadi ɗaya da Muhammad el-Yamani a cikin Jeren B.

 Jerin Hagenbucher 
Frank Hagenbucher ya rubuta jerin sarakunan Bilala a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1967, wanda aka buga a shekara ta 1968 a matsayin wani ɓangare na tarin bayanan rubutu da abubuwan lura akan Bilala.  Jerin Hagenbucher ya iyakance ga sarakunan Bilala na Yao, watau bayan tserewa daga Kanem. Jerin Hagenbucher ya fara ne da Mahamat Djil Essa Tubo, wanda Hagenbuch ya bayyana a matsayin sultan na farko na Yao. 
SunanShekaru na sarautaDangantaka, bayanin kulaKujerarMahamat Djil Wannan TuboShekaru 40Sultan na farko na YaoYaoTshéroma MahamatShekaru 23Ɗan wanda ya riga shiYaoMahamat MadgashéShekaru 30Ɗan wanda ya riga shiYaoa.k.a. Saxair (an.k.a. Mat Kurtu) Shekaru 18Ɗan wanda ya riga shiYaoMahamat Djourab el KabirShekaru 28Ɗan wanda ya riga shiYaoMahamat MortchoShekaru 80Ɗan wanda ya riga shiYaoDjourab el MongoShekaru 3Ɗan wanda ya riga shiYaoDogo ArmaShekaru 3Ɗan Mahamat MortchoAm SawasilMahamat BalkashéShekaru 60Ɗan Mahamat Djourab el KabirYaoDjourab Saxair (an.k.a. Bob Gumsu) Shekara 1 da watanni 6Ɗan wanda ya riga shiYaoMoussa MortchoWatanni 7Ɗan Mahamat MortchoAm Sawasil[h]Djourab Saxair (sarauta ta biyu) Shekaru 3Komawa ga kursiyinYaoBayé MortchoShekaru 15Ɗan Moussa MortchoYaoDjourab Saxair (sarauta ta uku) Shekaru 38Komawa ga kursiyinYaoHassan BaïkoumaShekaru 7Ɗan wanda ya riga shiYaoDjiliShekaru 3Ɗan Djourab SaxairYaoMahamat GaddaiShekaru 12Ɗan Djourab SaxairYaoHassan AbsakinShekaru 22Dan Tschéroma Abdallah, ɗan'uwan Mahamat BalkashéYaoMahamat Hassan AbbaShekaru 23Ɗan Hassan AbsakinYaoOumar Mahamat AbbaShekaru 24Ɗan wanda ya riga shiYaoHassan AbsakinYa zama mai mulki a shekarar 1967Yao

 Shugabannin baya-bayan nan (ƙarshen karni na 19 zuwa yanzu) 
Jerin sarakunan Bilala sun fi dacewa da mutuwar Djourab Saxaïr (Jurab al-Saghir) a ƙarshen karni na 19, kodayake kwanakin ba su dace ba kuma sun sabawa juna.

Wannan lokacin ya fara ne da yakin basasa a kan kursiyin tsakanin 'ya'yan Djourab guda biyu, Hassan Baïkouma (Hassan Bekuma) da Mahamat Gadaï (Muhammad Gadai). Gadaï, wanda ke zaune a "Auni (kusa da Meto) ", ya kasa karbar kursiyin kuma ya kasance a gudun hijira a cikin Wadai Sultanate na tsawon shekaru bakwai har sai Wadai sultan Yusuf ya ci dan Hassan Djili kuma ya sanya Gadaï a matsayin mai mulki. Gadaï ya yi mulki har zuwa mulkin mallaka na Faransa. Tun daga wannan lokacin kursiyin ya kasance a hannun dangin Gadaï Hassan Absakine.
+SunanSarautaDangantaka da wanda ya riga shiHassan Baïkouma (ko Hassan Bekuma) "Shekaru 7" Ɗan Djourab Saxair (Jurab al-Saghir) Djili (ko Jiri) "3 shekaru"Ɗa  ko ɗan'uwa Mahamat Gadai (ko Gudei, Kadai, Kade) "Shekaru 12",  "shekaru 13",  an kashe shi a 1909? [i]Kakan ko ɗan'uwaHassan Absakine (ko Hassan Absakin) "Shekaru 20",  "shekaru 22",  mai mulki a 1917 Dan uwan farko, da zarar an cire shiMahamat Hassan Abba (ko Tchoroma) "Shekaru 23",  ya zama sultan a 1922 ƊanOumar Mahamat Abba"Shekaru 24" ƊanHassan Absakine Oumar Mahamat Abba1967[1]–1973ƊanTchoroma Hassane Absakine 1973-yanzuƊan

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