Natasha Stott Despoja

Natasha Jessica Stott Despoja AO (an haife ta a ranar 9 ga watan Satumbar shekara ta 1969) jami'ar diflomasiyyar Australiya ce, mai ba da shawara game da daidaito tsakanin jinsi, tsohuwar mai ba da gudummawa ga Australiya na Shekara, kuma tsohuwar 'yar siyasa. Da ta fara aikinta a siyasar dalibai, ta zama mai ba da shawara ga 'Yan Democrat na Australiya kuma an nada ta a Majalisar Dattijan Australiya a 1995 tana da shekaru 26. A lokacin, ita ce mace mafi ƙanƙanta da ta yi aiki a Majalisar Tarayya. Ta ci gaba da zama mataimakiyar shugaban jam'iyyar Democrat a shekarar 1997 sannan kuma shugaban tarayya daga shekara ta 2001 zuwa 2002. Ta yi ritaya daga Majalisar Dattijai a shekara ta 2008 a matsayin sanata mafi tsawo daga jam'iyyarta.

Ta ci gaba da aiki a cikin jama'a, tana aiki tare da gwamnati da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu. An nada ta Jami'in Order of Australia a shekarar 2019 saboda aikinta kan daidaiton jinsi. Stott Despoja ita ce shugabar kafa Our Watch, tushe na kasa don hana tashin hankali ga mata da yara, kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin Jakadan Mata da 'yan mata na kasa daga 2013 zuwa 2016. Ta kuma kasance memba na Majalisar Ba da Shawara ta Banki na Duniya daga 2015 zuwa 2017. Ta yi aiki a mukamai a Majalisar Bankin Duniya, gami da Babban Kungiyar Kwadago kan Lafiya da 'Yancin Dan Adam na Mata, Yara, da Matasa a cikin 2017, kuma a matsayin memba na Yarjejeniyar kan Kashe dukkan nau'ikan Nuna Bambanci ga Mata (CEDAW) tun daga 2020. Ta wallafa littattafai da yawa kuma tana rubutu akai-akai a kan batutuwa na yanzu.

 Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi 
An haifi Stott Despoja a Adelaide a ranar 9 ga Satumba 1969. Ita 'yar Shirley Stott Despoja ce, 'yar jarida ce ta Australiya kuma Mario Despoja, wanda ya fito ne daga Croatia (a lokacin wani ɓangare na Yugoslavia). Ta halarci makarantar firamare ta Stradbroke da Pembroke  kuma daga baya ta kammala karatu daga Jami'ar Adelaide a 1991. Ta kasance Shugabar Kungiyar Dalibai ta Jami'ar Adelaide (SAUA) da kuma Jami'in Mata na Kudancin Australia na Ƙungiyar Dalibai. Daga nan sai ta ci gaba da aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga Sanata John Coulter da Sanata Cheryl Kernot.

 Ayyukan siyasa 
Lokacin da Sanata John Coulter na Democrat ya yi murabus saboda dalilai na kiwon lafiya a shekarar 1995, Stott Despoja shine dan takarar da ya ci nasara don cika gurbin da ya haifar. Ta fara ne lokacin da ta lashe cikakken lokaci a Zaben 1996 a shekara mai zuwa, ta zama mace mafi ƙanƙanta da aka taba zabarta a majalisar tarayya tana da shekaru 26. A ƙarshen shekara mai zuwa, bayan murabus din Cheryl Kernot da kuma hauhawar Meg Lees zuwa jagorancin 'yan Democrat, an zabi Stott Despoja mataimakin shugaban' yan Democrat. A wannan lokacin, ta gina siffarta a matsayin mai magana da yawun aiki, Ilimi mafi girma, Matasa, Kimiyya da Fasahar Bayanai, Harkokin Abokan Ciniki, Ciniki, da Jamhuriyar."Former Senator Natasha Stott Despoja". Parliament of Australia. Retrieved 1 August 2023.

During the passage of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) legislation in 1999, Stott Despoja and Andrew Bartlett split with the party's other senators by opposing the package, which had been negotiated by Lees and prime minister John Howard. She said that she refused to break promises made during the election. The party had stated that they would work with whichever party formed government to improve their tax package. The Australian Democrats traditionally permitted parliamentary representatives to cast a conscience vote on any issue but, on this occasion, close numbers in the Senate placed greater pressure than usual on the dissenters.[<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2019)">citation needed</span>]

 Shugaba na 'yan Democrat 
Sashe na GST bai shahara a tsakanin membobin Democrat ba. Ba kamar sauran jam'iyyun ba, membobin sun zabi shugaban jam'iyyar kai tsaye kuma ana iya kiran zubar a kowane lokaci tare da sa hannu 100. Meg Lees ta kasance ƙarƙashin irin wannan ƙalubale a baya amma an sake zabar ta ba tare da hamayya ba saboda babu wani sanata da ya zaɓi ya gudu. A farkon shekara ta 2001, nasarar jam'iyyar ta ragu. Zaben jihar a Yammacin Ostiraliya a watan Fabrairu, inda 'yan Democrat suka rasa kujerunsu biyu a cikin majalisar dattijai, ya kasance mai lalacewa sosai kuma ya haifar da wani yakin neman zabe a kan Lees. Stott Despoja, wanda a wannan lokacin ya zama sananne kuma sananne a tsakanin masu jefa kuri'a, ya yanke shawarar gudu kuma ya ci nasara, ya lashe kashi 69% na kuri'un.

Stott Despoja ta zama shugabar jam'iyyarta a ranar 6 ga Afrilu 2001. Tun daga farko ta fuskanci matsaloli wajen aiki tare da Lees, wanda ya kalli tseren ta na jagoranci a matsayin cin amana. Sauran sanatoci, ciki har da sabon mataimakin shugaban Aden Ridgeway, sun kasance masu tausayi ga Lees. A cikin zaben tarayya na shekara ta 2001 a watan Nuwamba, 'yan Democrat sun yi rikodin faduwa a cikin kuri'un Majalisar Dattijai daga 8.5% zuwa 7.3% kuma sun dawo da hudu daga cikin sanatoci biyar don zaben. Jam'iyyar ta kuma ga karamin karuwa a cikin kuri'un farko na majalisar dattijai daga 5.1% zuwa 5.4%. Babban hauhawar kuri'un Greens zuwa 4.9% a Majalisar Dattijai da zaben su na sanata na biyu ya haifar da ƙarin tattaunawa game da sa'ar 'yan Democrat.[1]

A cikin shekara ta 2002, Stott Despoja ta yi ƙoƙari ta ci gaba da jam'iyyar tare yayin da sanatoci suka ɓace daga mukaman jam'iyya a fili kuma a asirce sun nuna rashin amincewa da shugabancinta. Bayan da tsarin mulki na jam'iyyar ya bude bincike kan Meg Lees saboda zargin lalata hadin kan jam'iyya, wanda Lees da abokanta suka gani a matsayin wani ɓangare na kamfen din da Stott Despoja ya yi don yin shiru, Lees ta bar jam'iyyar a watan Yulin 2002. Wannan ya biyo bayan rikici tare da Andrew Murray, wanda ya yi barazanar bin. Bayan ya yanke shawarar zama, Murray ya ba da shawarar kunshin maki goma don sake fasalin tsarin jam'iyya da magance batutuwan da Lees ya tayar, wanda aka tsara don sauya iko daga shugaban. A wani taron dakin jam'iyya a ranar 21 ga watan Agusta, duk matakan goma sun wuce kuri'u hudu zuwa uku: Murray, Ridgeway, Lyn Allison da John Cherry a cikin ni'ima, tare da Stott Despoja da abokanta Andrew Bartlett da Brian Greig a kan. Da yake fahimtar matsayinta ba zai yiwu ba bayan wannan cin nasara, Stott Despoja ta sanar da murabus dinta ga Majalisar Dattijai. Ta kasance jagora na watanni 16 da rabi.

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane
Rukuni:Haifaffun 1969