Yanayin ƙasa mai mahimmanci

Yanayin ƙasa mai mahimmanci shine ilimin ƙasa wanda ke inganta Adalci na zamantakewa, 'yanci, da siyasa ta hagu. Hakanan ana amfani da yanayin ƙasa mai mahimmanci azaman kalmar laima ga Marxist, mata, postmodern, poststructural, Queer, hagu, da yanayin gwagwarmaya.   

Yanayin ƙasa mai mahimmanci shine bambancin kimiyyar zamantakewa mai mahimmanci da bil'adama wanda ke karɓar rubutun Marx don fassara da canza duniya. Fay (1987) ya bayyana kimiyyar zamani mai mahimmanci a matsayin ƙoƙari na fahimtar zalunci a cikin al'umma da amfani da wannan fahimta don inganta canjin al'umma. Agger (1998) ya gano wasu siffofi na ka'idar zamantakewa mai mahimmanci da aka yi a fannoni kamar yanayin ƙasa, wanda ya haɗa da: ƙin positivism; amincewa da yiwuwar ci gaba; da'awar tsarin tsarin mulkin mallaka; gardama cewa rinjaye ya samo asali ne daga siffofin sanin ƙarya, akidar, da tatsuniyoyi; bangaskiya ga hukumar canjin kai na yau da kullun da kuma ƙin ƙin ƙaddara; da ƙin sauyawa na juyin juya hali.        

 Asalin 
Kalmar 'yanayin ƙasa mai mahimmanci' ana amfani da ita tun aƙalla 1749, lokacin da littafin Geography ya sake fasalinsa: sabon tsarin ilimin ƙasa gaba ɗaya, bisa ga Cikakken Binciken Kimiyya a sassa huɗu wanda aka keɓe babi ga batun da ake kira "na Yanayin Yanayi mai mahimmanci".  Wannan littafin ya ba da shawarar yanayin ƙasa mai mahimmanci a matsayin tsari wanda masu ilimin ƙasa ke gano kurakurai a cikin aikin wasu kuma gyara su a cikin wallafe-wallafen baya.

 Masu sukar 
Akwai zargi da yawa game da Yanayin ƙasa mai mahimmanci. Masana ilimin ƙasa na zahiri da waɗanda suka rungumi sabbin dabarun da aka haɓaka a lokacin juyin juya halin ƙididdiga galibi ana sukar su ne daga masu ilimin ƙasa masu mahimmanci. Wadannan masu ilimin ƙasa suna jayayya cewa masu ilimin ƙasa masu mahimmanci suna jayayya daga wurin jahilci game da yanayin ƙasa. Shahararren yanayin ƙasa mai mahimmanci, da raguwar da aka samu a cikin hanyoyin ƙididdiga, ana jayayya da kasancewa a babban bangare saboda wahalar batun da ke haifar da mutane su "tsalle jirgin ruwa. "   Bugu da ƙari, wasu sun yi imanin cewa masu ilimin ƙasa masu mahimmanci suna adawa da kimiyya.h

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