James Crawford (mai shari'a)

James Richard Crawford, AC, SC, FBA (14 Nuwamba 1948 31 Mayu 2021) ya kasance masanin kimiyya ne kuma mai aiki a fagen shari'ar kasa da kasa. Ya kasance Alkalin Kotun Shari'a ta Duniya daga Fabrairu 2015 zuwa mutuwarsa a 2021. Daga 1990 zuwa 1992  Crawford ya kasance Dean na Makarantar Shari'a ta Sydney inda ya kasance Farfesa na Challis na Shari'ar Kasa da Kasa daga 1986 zuwa 1992. Daga 1992 zuwa 2014, ya kasance Farfesa Whewell na Shari'ar Kasa da Kasa a Jami'ar Cambridge kuma Fellow a Shari'a a Kwalejin Yesu, Cambridge. Ya kasance tsohon Darakta na Cibiyar Lauterpacht don Shari'ar Kasa da Kasa, kuma a Cambridge.

 Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi 
An haife shi a Adelaide a Kudancin Australia a 1948, Crawford ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Brighton da Jami'ar Adelaide a matsayin dalibi, ya sami digiri na farko na Shari'a tare da girmamawa a 1971 da kuma digiri na farko a fannin fasaha (mafi girma a tarihin Ingilishi da siyasa) a wannan shekarar. A lokacin da yake a Jami'ar Adelaide, ya fara hulɗa da dokar kasa da kasa, tare da karatun digiri a cikin batun da D. P. O'Connell ya koyar, wanda daga baya aka nada shi Farfesa na Chichele na Shari'ar Kasa da Kasa a Jami'a ta Oxford. Crawford daga baya ya bi O'Connell zuwa Oxford, an yarda da shi a Kwalejin Jami'ar kuma ya kammala digirin digirinsa kan kirkirar jihohi a cikin dokar kasa da kasa a karkashin kulawar Ian Brownlie, ya kammala a 1977.

 Ayyuka 

 Ayyukan ilimi 
Daga Oxford, Crawford ya koma Jami'ar Adelaide a shekarar 1977, yana koyar da dokar kasa da kasa da dokar tsarin mulki, kuma an ba shi kujera a shekarar 1983. A shekara ta 1982, ya karbi matsayi a Hukumar Gyara Dokar Australiya kuma ya yi aiki har zuwa shekara ta 1984, inda ya samar da jerin rahotanni kan batutuwa kamar amincewa da dokar al'ada ta asali, kariya ta mallaka, da sake fasalin, patriation da tarayyar Dokar Admiralty da iko. Ya kasance a Adelaide har zuwa 1986, lokacin da aka nada shi a matsayin Farfesa na Challis na Shari'ar Kasa da Kasa a Jami'ar Sydney . Ya yi aiki a matsayin Dean na Faculty of Law daga 1990 zuwa 1992.

 Ayyukan sana'a 
An yarda da Crawford don aiki a matsayin Barrister da Solicitor na Babban Kotun Australia a 1977 kuma an kira shi zuwa kotun New South Wales a 1987. An nada shi Babban Mai ba da shawara a shekarar 1997.

Bayan ya koma Cambridge, an shigar da Crawford a kotun Ingilishi a 1999 a matsayin memba na Gray's Inn, kuma ya kasance memba na tushe na Matrix Chambers.

 Manazarta 
Rukuni:Matattun 2021
Rukuni:Haifaffun 1948