Hukumar Kula da Muhalli

Hukumar Muhalli (EA) ƙungiya ce ta gwamnati wadda ba ta da ma'aikata, wadda aka kafa a shekarar 1996 kuma Ma'aikatar Muhalli, Abinci da Harkokin Karkara ta gwamnatin Burtaniya ke ɗaukar nauyinta, tana da alhakin da ya shafi karewa da haɓaka muhalli a Ingila (har zuwa 2013 har ma da Wales).

Hukumar Muhalli da ke da hedikwata a Bristol, tana da alhakin kula da ambaliyar ruwa, kula da sharar gida, daidaita gurɓatar ƙasa da ruwa, da kuma kiyaye muhalli. 

 Matsayi da nauyi 

 Manufa 
Manufar Hukumar Muhalli ita ce, "kare ko haɓaka muhalli, an ɗauka gaba ɗaya" don haɓaka "manufar cimma ci gaba mai ɗorewa " (wanda aka ɗauko daga Dokar Muhalli ta 1995, sashe na 4). Kare muhalli yana da alaƙa da barazana kamar ambaliyar ruwa da gurɓatawa. Hangen nesa na hukumar shine "muhalli mai wadata, lafiya da bambancin yanayi ga tsararraki na yanzu da na gaba". 

 Faɗin 
Aikin Hukumar Muhalli ya shafi kusan dukkan Ingila, kimanin 13 miliyan hekta na ƙasa,  na kogi da kuma  na bakin teku zuwa iyakar mil uku wanda ya haɗa da 2 miliyan hekta na ruwan bakin teku.  A cikin yarjejeniyar rabawa da Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta Scotland (SEPA), tana kuma yin wasu ayyukanta a kan sassan magudanar ruwa na Kogin Tweed da Border Esk waɗanda, a mafi yawan lokuta, suke a Scotland . Hakazalika, a cikin yarjejeniya da NRW, yankunan siyasa da na aiki ba su da alaƙa. Ma'aikatan NRW suna da alhakin sassan Kogin Dee a Ingila kuma ma'aikatan EA suna da alhakin aiki a waɗannan sassan magudanar ruwa na Kogin Severn a Wales.

 Tsarin gini 
Hukumar Muhalli tana ɗaukar ma'aikata kusan 12,000. "About us". Environment Agency. Retrieved 11 February 2022. An tsara ta zuwa manyan hukumomi takwas waɗanda ke ba da rahoto ga babban jami'in gudanarwa. 

Akwai hukumomi guda biyu na "manufofi da tsari". Ɗaya tana da alaƙa da Gudanar da Ambaliyar Ruwa da Haɗarin Gabar Teku, ɗayan kuma tana da Muhalli da Kasuwanci. Waɗannan suna ƙarƙashin jagorancin hukumar Shaida. Darakta ta huɗu ita ce sashin "samar da ayyuka" guda ɗaya, wanda ke da alhakin ayyukan ƙasa, da kuma kula da layi na dukkan ma'aikatan yanki da yanki.

Sauran daraktocin sune manyan ƙungiyoyin hidima na kuɗi, ayyukan shari'a, albarkatu da sadarwa.

Domin tallafawa manufofinta, hukumar tana aiki a matsayin hukumar gudanarwa, hukumar kula da harkokin gudanarwa da kuma hukumar lasisi .

 Kuɗi 
Wani ɓangare na wannan hukumar tana samun kuɗaɗen ne daga Ma'aikatar Muhalli, Abinci da Harkokin Karkara ta Burtaniya (DEFRA). Ana samun ƙarin kuɗi daga bayar da lasisi da izini kamar lasisin cire shara, rajistar masu sarrafa shara, haƙƙin kewayawa da lasisin kamun kifi (sanduna).

Kuɗaɗen kula da kadarori da ingantawa da kuma mallakar kadarorin kula da haɗarin ambaliyar ruwa sun saba fitowa daga hukumomin yankin ta hanyar kwamitocin kare ambaliyar ruwa. Gwamnatin tsakiya ta mayar da wannan kuɗin cikin sauƙi a shekarun baya a matsayin wani ɓangare na Rabon Kuɗin Tsarin. A shekara ta 2005 an sauƙaƙa wannan ta hanyar yin canja wuri kai tsaye daga Ma'aikatar Kuɗi zuwa Hukumar Muhalli ta hanyar tallafin tallafin kariya daga ambaliyar ruwa.

Jimillar kuɗaɗen da Hukumar Muhalli ta bayar a tsakanin 2007 zuwa 2008 sun kai fam miliyan 1,025, wanda ya kai ƙarin fam miliyan 23 a tsakanin 2006 zuwa 2007. Daga cikin wannan jimillar, an bayar da fam miliyan 629 (kashi 61) a cikin nau'in 'tallafin kariya daga ambaliyar ruwa' daga gwamnati (£578 miliyan ga Ingila da £50 miliyan ga Wales). Bugu da ƙari, an tara fam miliyan 347 (kashi 34) ta hanyar shirye-shiryen caji na doka da harajin kariya daga ambaliyar ruwa; kuma ƙarin fam miliyan 50 (kashi 5) ya fito ne daga wasu hanyoyi daban-daban.  

A shekarar 2007–08, akwai kasafin kuɗin aiki na fam biliyan 1.025, wanda fam miliyan 628 aka bayar daga sassan gwamnati masu ɗaukar nauyin hukumar. Kimanin rabin kuɗin da hukumar ke kashewa yana kan kula da haɗarin ambaliyar ruwa, kuma kashi ɗaya bisa uku ana kashewa ne kan kare muhalli (kare gurɓataccen yanayi). Daga cikin sauran, kashi 12% yana zuwa ga albarkatun ruwa, da kuma kashi 6% zuwa wasu ayyukan ruwa, gami da kewayawa da namun daji. "2006–07 Annual Report" (PDF). Environment Agency. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 December 2008. Retrieved 15 November 2008. "2007–08 Annual Report" (PDF). Environment Agency. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 December 2008. Retrieved 15 November 2008.

 Manazarta 

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