Yanayin harshe

Yanayin harshe reshe ne na Yanayin ɗan adam wanda ke nazarin rarrabawar ƙasa na harshe (s) ko abubuwan da ke tattare da shi. Harshen harshe na iya komawa ga nazarin yadda mutane ke magana game da wuri mai faɗi. Misali, toponymy shine nazarin sunayen wurare. Landscape ethnoecology, wanda aka fi sani da ethnophysiography, shine nazarin ilimin shimfidar wuri da kuma yadda aka bayyana su cikin harshe.

Akwai manyan fannoni biyu na karatu a cikin yanayin harshe:

 yanayin harsuna, wanda ke hulɗa da rarraba ta hanyar tarihi da sararin harsuna, da / ko ya damu da 'bincike na tsarin rarraba da tsarin sararin samaniya na harsuna da ke hulɗa'.
 geolinguistics kasancewa, lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi azaman karamin horo na yanayin ƙasa, nazarin 'tsarin siyasa, tattalin arziki da al'adu waɗanda ke shafar matsayi da rarraba harsuna'. Lokacin da aka fahimta a matsayin wani bangare na ilimin harshe wanda ya haɗa da ilimin harshe na hulɗa, ma'anar da ta bayyana ita ce 'bincike na harsuna da yaruka a hulɗa da rikici tare da al'umma, tattalin arziki, akidar, siyasa da sauran abubuwan zamani dangane da wani wuri na ƙasa da kuma a kan sikelin duniya'. 

An ba da shawarar wasu kalmomi da ƙananan horo, amma babu wanda ya sami kuɗi mai yawa,  gami da:

 ilimin harshe,  wanda ke hulɗa da bambancin harshe na yanki a cikin harsuna,    wanda kuma ake kira ilimin harshe na yare, wanda wasu ke la'akari da rarrabawar ilimin harshe [3]Gunnemark, Erik (1991). "What is geolinguistics ?". Geolinguistics, Journal of the American Society of Geolinguistics. 17. American Society of Geolinguistics: 12. ISSN 0190-4671.
 rarrabuwa a cikin jarrabawar ilimin harshe wanda ke raba nazarin canji a kan lokaci da sarari; 

Nazarin da yawa a cikin abin da ake kira yanzu ilimin harshe na hulɗa sun bincika tasirin hulɗar harshe,  kamar yadda harsuna ko yaruka (nau'o'i) na mutane suka yi hulɗa.  Wannan fadada yankuna na kungiyoyin harsuna yawanci ya haifar da rufe harsuna a kan wuraren magana da ke akwai, maimakon maye gurbin wani harshe da wani. Alal misali, bayan nasarar Norman na Ingila, Tsohon Faransanci ya zama harshen aristocracy amma Turanci na Tsakiya ya kasance harshen yawancin jama'a.

 Kungiyoyin ilimin harshe 
Yawancin Ƙungiyoyin ilimin harshe sun bayyana kansu a matsayin ƙungiyoyin masu ilimin harshe maimakon masu ilimin ƙasa. Wannan ya haɗa da tsofaffi biyu waɗanda duka biyu sun kasance zuwa 1965 tare da "Amici Linguarum" (abokai na harshe) wanda Erik V. Gunnemark da The American Society of Geolinguistics da Mario A. Pei suka kafa. Bincike a cikin ilimin harshe wanda waɗannan ƙungiyoyi da sauransu, waɗanda suka fi dacewa da yanayin ƙasa, suna ingantawa sau da yawa haɗuwa, kasancewa a wasu lokuta a lokaci guda duka harshe da na ƙasa, kuma a wasu lokuta suna da alaƙa da wasu ƙananan fannoni na ilimin harshe da kuma wucewa da ilimin harshe don haɗawa da ilimin zamantakewa, ilimin ɗan adam, ilimin lissafi, tarihi, ilimin siyasa, nazarin fahimta da sadarwa, da sauransu.

 Dubi kuma 

 Ci gaba da yaren
 Manufofin Harshe
 Ilimin ilimin harshe
 Yanayin harshe
 Taswirar harshe
 Hakkin harshe
 Kasuwanci

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