Lillian Browse

Lillian Gertrude Browse CBE (21 Afrilu 1906 - 2 Disamba 2005) dillalin fasaha ne na Burtaniya kuma masanin tarihin fasaha . Ta kasance abokin tarayya a cikin gidajen tarihi guda biyu na London, na farko Roland, Browse da Delbanco sannan Browse & Darby . A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu ta shirya nune-nunen a Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa, waɗanda aka cire tarinsu zuwa ƙasar don aminci. Ta rubuta takardu da yawa kan masu fasaha na ƙarni na ashirin, gami da muhimman ayyuka akan Walter Sickert da Sir William Nicholson . Ana mata lakabi da "The Duchess of Cork Street", kuma ta yi amfani da wannan sunan a matsayin taken tarihin rayuwarta.

 Rayuwa 
An haife ta Lily Gertie Browse a 2 Carlton Mansions, West End Lane, a West Hampstead, London, a ranar 21 ga Afrilu, 1906; daga baya ta canza sunanta zuwa Lillian Gertrude.  Ita ce ƙaramar 'yar Michael Browse da matarsa Gladys Amy née Meredith. A shekarar 1909, iyalan suka ƙaura zuwa Afirka ta Kudu, inda mahaifinta ya kafa ta a matsayin mai horar da dawaki, kuma ta yi karatu a Makarantar Sakandare ta Barnato Park, a Johannesburg a Transvaal .  A shekarar 1928 ta koma Birtaniya ta yi horo a matsayin mai rawa a ƙarƙashin Margaret Craske a Makarantar Ballet ta Cecchetti . Maimakon ta zama mai rawa da rawa kamar yadda ta tsara kuma ta horar da ita, ta fara aiki a shekarar 1931 - da farko ba tare da albashi ba - ga Harold Leger na sanannen Leger Galleries a Bond Street .  A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu Browse ya shirya nune-nune da dama a Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa, wanda babu kowa a ciki saboda an cire tarin kayan zuwa Aberystwyth don aminci.  Na farko daga cikinsu shine Zane-zanen Burtaniya tun lokacin da Whistler ya yi a 1940;  Nunin Zane-zane na baya-bayan nan da Sir William Nicholson da Jack B suka yi. An gudanar da Yeats a 1942. 

A shekarar 1945, Browse ta ƙulla haɗin gwiwa da Gustav Delbanco (1903–1997) da Henry Roland (1907–1993) kuma ta buɗe Roland, Browse da Delbanco a Cork Street, wanda a lokacin, a cewar Browse, "abin da ke jan hankalin karuwai";  a wancan lokacin akwai wani gidan tarihi guda ɗaya kawai a kan titi, Redfern .  A shekarar 1977, hayar ginin Cork Street na 19 ya faɗi kuma haɗin gwiwar ya wargaje. Dillalin William Darby ya karɓi hayar kuma tare da Browse ya buɗe sabon gidan tarihi, Browse & Darby, a adireshin ɗaya.   Browse ya yi ritaya a shekarar 1981.

A shekarar 1983, kusan dukkan tarin kayan fasaha nata an nuna su a gidan adana kayan tarihi na Courtauld, wanda a lokacin yake a Woburn Square . Ta bayar da gudummawar ayyuka sama da talatin ga Cibiyar Courtauld a shekarar 1982, kuma ta ba da wasu guda takwas. 

Lillian Browse ta yi aure sau biyu, da farko ga Ivan Joseph a shekarar 1934, sannan a shekarar 1964 ga Sidney Lines. A bikin cika shekaru 1998 na ranar haihuwarta, an naɗa ta a matsayin Kwamandan Daular Burtaniya saboda "aikin da ta yi wa fasahar gani".  Ta rasu a Landan a ranar 2 ga Disamba, 2005.

 Ayyukan da aka buga 
Ayyukanta da aka buga sun haɗa da:

 Augustus John: Zane-zane, tare da 'Bayani akan Zane' na Augustus John. London: Faber & Faber, 1941.
 Sickert, tare da muqala ta Reginald Howard Wilenski. London: Faber & Faber, 1943.
 Camden Town Group CEMA 1944, gabatarwa daga Lillian Browse. [London]: Majalisar Fasaha, [1944].
 Constantin Guys: Flushing 1805 – Paris 1892, gabatarwa daga Clifford Hall. [London]: Faber & Faber, 1945.
 James Dickson Innes, gabatarwa daga John Fothergill. London: don Shenval Press, Faber & Faber, 1946.
 Barbara Hepworth, Mai Zane, gabatarwa daga William Gibson. London: Faber & Faber, 1946.
 Masu rawa na Degas . London: Faber & Faber, 1949.
 Leslie Yi Sauri: saituna da kayan ado na Sadler's Wells Ballets . London: Faber da Faber, 1946.
 William Nicholson, tare da kundin bayanin zane-zanen mai. London: Rupert Hart-Davis, 1956.
 Edgar Degas: Masu Rawa Ballet, gabatarwa daga Lillian Duba. London: Folio Society, 1960.
 Sickert . London: Rupert Hart-Davis, 1960.
 James Dickson Innes: Llanelly 1887 – Swanley 1914. [London]: Faber da Faber, 1966.
 Forain, mai zane, 1852–1931 . London: Elek, 1978.
 Duchess na Cork Street: tarihin rayuwar wani dillalin fasaha . London: Giles de la Mare, 1999.

 Manazarta 
Sir Kenneth Clark (1942). Exhibition of Paintings by Sir William Nicholson and Jack B. Yeats, exhibition catalogue. London: National Gallery.

William Darby (2005). Obituary: Lillian Browse The Independent, Saturday, 17 December 2005. Accessed March 2012.

Wendy Baron (January 2009). Browse, Lillian Gertrude (1906–2005). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/96226. Accessed April 2013.

Dennis Farr (1993). Obituary: Henry Roland. The Independent, Saturday, 9 January 1993. Accessed March 2012.

Dennis Farr (2006). Empathy for Art and Artists: Lillian Browse, 1906–2005. Newsletter of the Courtauld Institute of Art, Issue 21: Spring 2006. Archived 7 October 2013.

Recent acquisitions: Begonias, Sir William Nicholson 1872–1949. Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge. Archived 18 November 2011.

C.B.E.. The London Gazette, supplement 55155, 12 June 1998, page B8.

Stewart Steven (1997). Obituary: Gustav Delbanco. The Independent, Thursday, 13 February 1997. Accessed March 2012.
Rukuni:Mutuwan 2005
Rukuni:Haifaffun 1906