Hugh Cairns (mai tiyata)

Sir Hugh William Bell Cairns KBE FRCS (26 Yuni 1896 - 18 Yuli 1952) ya kasance Likitan kwakwalwa na Australiya. Yawancin rayuwarsa ya zauna a Ingila. Damuwarsa game da raunin da mahayin ya samu ya haifar da bincike wanda ya haifar da karuwar amfani da Kwalkwali na babur.

 Shekaru na farko da ilimi 
An haifi Hugh Cairns a Port Pirie, Kudancin Ostiraliya, amma ya yi yarantakarsa a Riverton, Kudanfin Ostiraliya inda ya sami dukkan karatun firamare. Ya tafi Adelaide don karatun sakandare a Makarantar Sakandare ta Adelaide da kuma karatun sakandare na Jami'ar Adelaide . An ba shi Kyautar Rhodes Scholarship ta Kudu ta Australiya ta 1917  kuma ya tafi Jami'ar Oxford don karanta Medicine. Ya kasance shugaban kungiyar Balliol Boat Club kuma ya wakilci Oxford a bakwai a cikin Boat Race na 1920. 

 Ayyuka 
Cairns ya yi aiki a matsayin likitan kwakwalwa a Asibitin London kuma tare da Harvey Cushing a Harvard kafin ya kafa Ma'aikatar Surgery ta Nuffield a Oxford, inda ya zama Farfesa na farko na Nuffield na Surgery. Ya kasance babban mutum a ci gaban neurosurgery a matsayin ƙwarewa, kafa Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Jami'ar Oxford, da kuma maganin raunin kai a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. An ambaci shi a cikin Sojojin Likitoci na Amurka sun ba da rahoto ga Janar Janar na gidan wasan kwaikwayo a matsayin daya daga cikin likitoci na farko da suka kula da GEN George S. Patton bayan hatsarin mota a ranar 9 ga Disamba 1945; Patton ya mutu daga cutar huhu kwana goma sha biyu bayan haka. Cibiyar Nazarin Cairns (ɗaya daga cikin ɗakunan karatu na Bodleian) a Asibitin John Radcliffe a Oxford an sanya masa suna, kamar yadda makarantar likita ta Hugh Cairns Surgical Society. An kafa takarda mai launin shudi a gidansa na 1920 a Loughton.

A watan Yunin 1946, ya sami taken Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire . 

Yayinda yake a asibitin London da Oxford, Cairns ya horar da likitan tiyata na Amurka Joseph Buford Pennybacker, wanda a 1952 ya zama darektan sashen neurosurgery na Radcliffe, aikin da ya rike har sai da ya yi ritaya a 1971. 

Da yake ya shafi sosai ta hanyar kula da T. E. Lawrence don raunin kai a cikin kwanaki shida kafin ya mutu bayan hatsarin babur, Cairns ya fara dogon bincike game da abin da ya gani a matsayin asarar rayuka mara amfani ta mahayan babur ta hanyar raunin kai. Binciken da ya yi ya haifar da amfani da kwalkwali na hadari ta sojoji da farar hula. A sakamakon kula da Lawrence, Cairns zai ceci rayukan masu tuka babura da yawa.

 Mutuwa da gado 
Ya mutu daga ciwon daji a Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford a ranar 18 ga Yuli 1952 .  Kungiyar Likitocin Neurological na Burtaniya ta kafa lacca na shekara-shekara da sunansa. Akwai hanyar da ake kira bayan shi a Bedford Park, Kudancin Australia, kusa da Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Flinders.

Wani unguwa a Cibiyar Walton, Liverpool, an sanya masa suna.

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Haihuwan 1896