Catharine Cappe

Catherine Cappe ko Catherine Harrison (3 ga Yuni 1744 - 27 ga Yuli 1821) marubuciya ce 'yar Birtaniya, marubuciya kuma mai taimakon jama'a.

 Rayuwa 
An haife ta a Catharine Harrison a Long Preston a shekara ta 1744, 'yar limamin cocin Jeremiah Harrison, wani abokin Francis Blackburne, wanda ke kan mulki a can, daga baya kuma a Catterick, da matarsa Sarah Winn, 'yar Edmund Winn.   Ta yi karatu a York, tare da lokaci a makarantar kwana inda karatunta ya haɗa da Faransanci. 

Harrison ya ƙaura daga Cocin Ingila a ƙarƙashin tasirin mai tunani mai 'yanci Theophilus Lindsey, wanda ya karɓi hidimar mahaifinta Jeremiah a Cocin St Anne, Catterick bayan ya mutu a 1763.  Daga nan sai ta tafi ta zauna a Bedale, mil kaɗan daga Catterick, tare da mahaifiyarta da ɗan'uwanta, suna ziyartar Lindsey akai-akai.  Ta zama mai jayayya mai hankali . Lindsey a 1773 ta kafa nata cocin Unitarian a London.  Catharine ta ga tafiyarsa cikin damuwa. 

A shekara ta 1782 ta fara wani aiki tare da Faith Gray, matar lauya a York. Tsakanin su biyun, sun ƙirƙiri azuzuwan dare domin ma'aikatan wani masana'antar wiwi ta gida su iya koyon karatu a can da kuma a Makarantar Lahadi kowace mako.  Tare da Faith Gray,  Catharine Harrison ta kafa Makarantar Spinning Worsted a York a shekara ta 1784, tana ba da ilimi ga 'yan mata.  Makarantar tana da ma'aikatan mata masu aikin sa kai kuma an koya wa 'yan matan karatu da kuma yin juyi, kuma a madadin haka, an biya wa ɗaliban albashi don aikinsu da kuma tufatar da su. Cappe ya rubuta cewa manufar ita ce "tayar da ruhin masana'antu nagari a tsakanin 'ya'yan talakawa". Iyaye suna da sha'awar saboda suna sanye da tufafi yayin da ake koya wa ɗaliban yadda ake ƙirƙirar tufafi daga zaren da suka yi. Ganin wannan ilimin, sun sami damar neman aiki mai kyau kuma su guji zaɓuɓɓukan da galibi ke buɗe wa 'yan mata marasa ilimi. 

Ita da Gray sun kasance masu sha'awar gyara ilimi a Makarantar Grey Coat da ke York,  inda daga 1786 Kwamitin Mata da take jagoranta ya karɓi ragamar gudanarwa, kuma ya rubuta game da taimaka wa sauran makarantun agaji.   Ita da Faith Gray sun kafa ƙungiyar York Female Friendly Society  kuma ta yi aure a 1788, ta zama Catharine Cappe. Ta zama bazawara a 1800.  Ta kuma yi ƙoƙarin kafa baƙi zuwa asibitin yankinta. Ba ta da burin kaɗa ƙuri'a amma ta ji cewa mata masu matsakaicin matsayi suna da alhakin duba sassan agaji na mata. 

Catharine Cappe ita ce mai taimakon Charlotte Richardson, wadda ta sani tun tana makaranta, kuma ta hannun ɗan'uwanta a matsayin likitan iyali. [1] Da yake ta yi mamakin waƙar Richardson, ta shirya buga Waƙoƙi a kan Wurare daban-daban a shekara ta 1806, ta kuma tallata aikin ta hanyar Mujallar The Gentleman . An sayar da littattafai sama da 600 ta hanyar biyan kuɗi, kuma bugu na biyu ya ba Richardson damar buɗe ƙaramin makaranta.

Catharine Cappe ta mutu a York a shekarar 1821. 

 Ayyuka 
A matsayinta na edita, Cappe ta tattara kundin jawaban mijinta bayan mutuwarsa, inda ta sanya gabatarwa a cikin wallafe-wallafen 1802 da 1805 waɗanda suka ƙunshi tarihin mijinta.  Daga cikin ayyukanta akwai: 

 Asusun Makarantun Sadaka Biyu don Ilmantar 'Yan Mata, 1800. Ta koma kan batutuwa iri ɗaya, tare da Kulawa kan Makarantun Sadaka, Ƙungiyoyin Sadaka na Mata, da Sauran Batutuwa Masu Alaƙa da Ra'ayoyin Kwamitin Mata (1805), bayan wata shawara daga ƙungiyar agaji ta London mai suna "Kwamitin Mata don haɓaka Ilimi da Aikin Mata Talakawa", wanda aka kafa a 1804 tare da goyon bayan Sarauniya Charlotte ta Mecklenburg-Strelitz .   
 Bayani Mai Mahimmanci akan Nassoshi Masu Muhimmanci da yawa na Nassosi, 1802, vols 2.
 Jawabai galibi kan batutuwan ibada, 1805
 Tarihin Rayuwa Mai Haɗaka da kuma Aikin Allahntaka na Yesu Kiristi, 1809
 Jawabai kan mulki da gwamnatin Allah bugu na 2, 1811
 Jawabi Kan Horar da Yara Mata Kan Fita Daga Makarantar Sadaka, Mujallar Belfast ta Watan Lamba 9, 1812
 Mujallar Wata-wata ta Mrs. Lindsey Belfast mai lamba 8, 1812
 Jawabai galibi kan batutuwa masu amfani 1815
 Tunawa da rayuwar marigayiya Mrs. Catharine Cappe, 1824. wacce 'yar uwarta Mary Cappe ta buga.

 Iyali 
Catharine Harrison ta auri Newcome Cappe, wani firist na Unitarian, a matsayin matarsa ta biyu, a shekara ta 1788; ya mutu a shekara ta 1800. Ba su da 'ya'ya na kansu, amma akwai 'ya'ya shida, ciki har da 'ya'ya mata Mary da Agnes, tun daga aurensa na farko da Sarah Turner (ya mutu a shekara ta 1773).  

Sarah Winn, mahaifiyar Catharine, 'yar Edmund Winn ce ta Ackton. A cewar Dugdale's Visitation of Yorkshire, shi ne ɗa na biyu ga Sir Edmund Winn, Baronet na 2. J. W. Clay (ed.). "Dugdale's Visitation of Yorkshire, with additions". Internet Archive. Exeter: W. Pollard & Son. pp. 92–3. Retrieved 26 August 2018. Sir Rowland Winn, Baronet na 4 ya ba Catherine goyon baya bayan mutuwar mahaifinta; kuma ta shayar da 'yarsa Anne Winn (ta mutu a shekara ta 1774), wacce ta auri George Allanson-Winn, Baron Headley na 1, a cikin rashin lafiyarta ta ƙarshe.  Ya kai ta Landan, inda ta zauna na ɗan lokaci bayan mutuwar Anne, tana kula da ƙaramar 'yarta, da kuma samun lokacin zuwa Chapel na Essex Street . 

Ta hanyar dangantakar mahaifiyarta, Catharine ta kuma saba da wani dangin sarauta na Yorkshire, na Sir George Strickland, Baronet na 5. 

Mahaifinta Jeremiah Harrison ɗan Christopher Harrison ne na Ripon, kuma ya yi karatunsa a Christ Church, Oxford a shekarar 1722, yana da shekaru 15.  

 Manazarta 

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