Archon mai suna

A tsohuwar Girka babban majistare a cikin jihohin biranen Girka daban-daban ana kiransa Archon mai suna eponymous (ἐπώνυμος Ōρχων, ep Sportmos archōn). "Archon" yana nufin "mai mulki" ko "Ubangiji", sau da yawa ana amfani dashi azaman taken takamaiman ofishin gwamnati,  yayin da "eponymous" yana nufin cewa ya ba da sunansa ga shekarar da ya rike mukamin, kamar Roman dating ta hanyar shekaru masu zaman kansu.

A cikin Athens na gargajiya, tsarin tara na lokaci guda ya samo asali, wanda ke jagorantar ragowar mutum uku a kan al'amuran jama'a, soja, da na addini na jihar: an san masu rike da ofisoshin guda uku da sunan archon (mai mulkin Athens, babban ofishin siyasa a cikin birni), mai jayayya (πολέμαρχος, "mai mulkin yaƙi", Babban kwamandan sojojin Athens), da kuma Archon Basileus (zarων βασιλεύς, "mai mulki", babban firist na birnin[undefined][1]). Sauran shida sune thesmothetai, jami'an shari'a. Asalin waɗannan ofisoshin an cika su ne daga masu arziki ta hanyar zabe a kowace shekara goma. A wannan lokacin archon mai suna shi ne babban majistare, polemarch shine shugaban sojoji, kuma Archon Basileus yana da alhakin wasu shirye-shiryen addini na jama'a, da kuma kula da wasu manyan fitilu a kotunan shari'a. Bayan 683 BC an gudanar da ofisoshin ne kawai na shekara guda, kuma an sanya sunan shekarar ne bayan archon mai suna.

 Tarihi 
Archon shine babban majistare a biranen Girka da yawa, amma a Athens akwai majalisa na archons wanda ke aiwatar da wani nau'i na gwamnatin zartarwa. Daga ƙarshen ƙarni na 8 BC akwai archons guda uku: archon eponymos, polemarchos (asalin tare da rawar soja, wanda aka canja shi zuwa dabarun goma a cikin 501 BC), da Archon Basileus (aikin bikin Masarautar Athens).  Wadannan mukamai sun cika daga aristocracy (Eupatridae) ta hanyar zabe a kowace shekara goma. A wannan lokacin Archon Eponymous shine babban majistare, Polemarch shine shugaban sojojin, kuma Archon Basileus ne ke da alhakin shirye-shiryen addini na jama'a.

 Jerin manyan sarakuna na Athens 
A cikin jerin Archons masu zuwa, shekarun da ba a san sunan archon ba an gano su kamar haka. Shekaru da aka lissafa a matsayin "anarchy" yana nufin cewa a zahiri "babu archon". Akwai sake fasalin jerin abubuwa daban-daban; an ba da tushe don wannan jerin a ƙarshen. Lura cewa lokacin archon ya rufe shekaru biyu namu, farawa a cikin bazara ko rani kuma ci gaba zuwa cikin bazara ko bazara mai zuwa. Har ila yau, an lissafa polemarch ko strategoi, basileus, da thesmothetai (mataimakan shida ga archons), inda aka sani.

 Lokacin archaic 

 Rayuwa masu daraja 
Hadisin Atheniya na baya ya bambanta akan ainihin matsayi na wannan layin; sun riƙe archonship na rayuwa, wani lokacin ana kiransa "Archon na Har abada", kuma suna amfani da ikon sarauta, kamar yadda Archon Basileus ya yi daga baya. tarihi kowane ɗayan wannan tsohuwar jerin na iya zama shakku. Koyaya, Aristotle ya nuna, a cikin Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Athens, cewa hakika gidan Codrus ne ya soke taken sarki don goyon bayan Archon.
ShekaraArchonSauran sanannun bayanai1068-1048 KZMedon () Mai mulkin farko na Attica bayan zamanin Sarakuna.1048-1012 KZAcastus  Troy VIIb2 ya lalace (c. 1120 BC).1012-993 KZArchippus993-952 KZThersippus952-922 KZPhorbas () Troy VIIb3: an bar shi (c. 950 BC) 922-892 KZMegacles () 892-864 KZDiognetus864-845 KZPhereclesHomer ya kirkiro Iliad  da Odyssey .  (c. 850 BC) 845-825 KZAriphron824-797 KZThespieus () 796-778 KZAgamestor778-755 KZAeschylus () Wasannin Olympics na farko   (776 BC) 755-753 KZAlcmaeon

 Dubi kuma 

 Category:Archons masu suna
 Jerin lokaci na Girka ta dā
 Sunan sarauta
 Archon basileus
 Hierotheos the Thesmothete, ya ba da rahoton shugaban farko na Kiristoci na Athens.
 Polemarch (wanda aka maye gurbinsa a cikin 501 BC da dabarun goma) 
 Wakilin Romawa

 Manazarta