Arshi Pipa

Arshi Pipa (28 ga Yulin 1920 - 20 ga Yulin 1997) marubuci ne na Albanian American, masanin falsafa, mawaki kuma mai sukar adabi. 

 Tarihin rayuwa 
An haifi Arshi Pipa a ranar 28 ga Yuli 1920 a Shkodër kuma ya halarci makaranta har zuwa 1938. Pipa ta sami digiri na BA ("Laurea") a fannin falsafa a Jami'ar Florence a shekarar 1942.  Bayan ya kammala karatunsa ya kasance malamin Harshen Italiyanci a makarantu daban-daban a Albania.

An ɗaure shi na tsawon shekaru goma (1946-56) a Albania ta Kwaminisanci [1] saboda ya yi afuwa da mulkin kwaminisanci tare da karatun aya daga "Song of the Flea" na Goethe wanda aka samo a cikin fassarar Faust. [2] Bayan an sake shi daga kurkuku (shukuninsa na asali ya kasance shekaru 20, amma bayan an yanke shi zuwa 10) ya tsere zuwa Yugoslavia kuma ya zauna a Sarajevo a lokacin 1957-9 . [2] A shekara ta 1959 ya yi hijira zuwa Amurka inda ya koyar a Kwalejin Adelphi, Jami'ar Georgetown, Jami'an Columbia, da UC Berkeley . Sa'an nan, daga 1966 zuwa 1989, ya kasance farfesa na adabin Italiyanci a Sashen Harsunan Romance a Jami'ar Minnesota .[2][3][4]

Pipa ya mutu a Washington DC a ranar 20 ga Yuli, 1997. 

 Ayyuka 
Waƙoƙin farko da Pipa ya rubuta a ƙarshen 1930, an buga su a Tirana a 1944. Lokacin da yake cikin kurkuku ya yi tunani kuma a zahiri ya rubuta wasu sassan sanannun tarin waƙoƙinsa, Libri i burgut [The Prison Book], wanda aka buga a shekarar 1959.  Waƙarsa mai suna Rusha (1968), wanda aka rubuta a 1955 yayin da yake kurkuku, ya kwatanta soyayya tsakanin Albanians da Serbs a ƙarshen karni na 14.

Pipa ya yi iƙirarin cewa hadin kan Harshen Albanian ba daidai ba ne saboda ya hana harshen Albanian wadata a kan kuɗin Gheg. Ya kira harshen Albanian na rubuce-rubuce a matsayin "monstrosity" wanda jagorancin kwaminisanci na Tosk ya samar, wanda ya ci nasara a kan kwaminisancin arewacin Albania kuma ya sanya yaren Tosk Albanian a kan Ghegs.

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Haifaffun 1920
Rukuni:Mutuwan 1997