William Beckford (ɗan siyasa)

Sir William Beckford (Disamba 1709 - 21 Yuni 1770) ɗan siyasan Whig ne na Burtaniya wanda ya yi aiki sau biyu a matsayin Lord Mayor na London a cikin 1762 da 1769. Ɗaya daga cikin sanannun 'yan siyasa a Zamanin Georgia London, babban arzikinsa ya samo asali ne daga gonakin sukari da daruruwan bayi da yake da su a mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya na Jamaica. A Burtaniya, Beckford ya kasance mai goyon bayan jam'iyyar Whig, gami da Firayim Minista William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham . Ya kuma goyi bayan abubuwan ci gaba a fili kuma yana ba da gudummawa ga jama'ar London.

 Rayuwa ta farko 
A shekara ta 1709, an haifi William a mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya na Jamaica, ɗan Peter Beckford, Kakakin Majalisar a can, kuma jikan Colonel Peter Beckford , wani lokaci Gwamna na mulkin mallaka. Iyalinsa ne suka tura shi Ingila a shekara ta 1723 don samun ilimi. Ya yi karatu a Makarantar Westminster, kuma ya yi aikinsa a Birnin London.

Tsakanin 1736 da 1744, William Beckford ya yi tafiya tsakanin Jamaica da Ingila, yana aiki a cikin 'yan bindiga na Jamaica, kuma a matsayin wakilin majalisar tsibirin.

 Kasancewa cikin bautar 
Kakan Beckford, Peter Beckford, shi ne Gwamna na Jamaica, kuma an san shi da mallakar kadarori 20 na Jamaica, bayi 1,200 kuma ya bar £ 1,500,000 a cikin hannun jari na banki lokacin da ya mutu a 1710. Ya bar mafi yawan wannan dukiya ga ɗansa Peter Beckford (junior).  Lokacin da Peter Beckford (junior) ya mutu a 1735, saurayi William Beckford ya gaji dukiyarsa mai yawa, a matsayin ɗa mai rai.

William Beckford na ɗaya daga cikin yara 13, amma ya gaji sha'awar kawai a cikin gonakin sukari 13 a Jamaica kuma ya mallaki kusan 'yan Afirka 3,000 saboda ɗan'uwansa, wani Peter Beckford, ya mutu a shekara ta 1712. Ya kuma yi aiki a Majalisar Dokokin Jamaican kafin ya koma Ingila a shekara ta 1744. Perry Gauci, William Beckford: First Prime Minister of the London Empire (Yale University Press, 2020)

A shekara ta 1760, bayi sun tayar da kayar baya a gidansa a Esher, a Saint Mary Parish, Jamaica, kuma sun shiga Tacky's War, wanda ya shiga mulkin mallaka na Jamaica a cikin jerin tawaye a cikin shekaru goma. A cewar masanin tarihi Vincent Brown, an kashe bayi 400 saboda rawar da suka taka a cikin tawaye, kuma an ƙone shugabansu da rai.

 Rayuwar cikin gida 
A shekara ta 1744 Beckford ya sayi wani yanki a Fonthill Gifford, kusa da Salisbury, Wiltshire . Ya yi gagarumin ci gaba ga dukiyar amma wuta ta lalata shi sosai a cikin 1755. "Ina da fam dubu hamsin a cikin ɗaki: Zan sake gina shi, " Beckford nan da nan ya bayyana, kuma ya sake gina shi a matsayin Fonthill Splendens . 

A shekara ta 1996, an sanya Beckwith Kwamandan Order of the British Empire (CBE), kuma a shekara ta 2002 an ba shi lambar yabo saboda hidimarsa ga wasannin matasa. A shekara ta 2000 an ba shi lambar yabo ta Doctor of Letters (Hon DLitt) daga Jami'ar Loughborough .
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