Sonia Machanick

Sonia Machanick (15 Yuni 1925 - 12 Nuwamba 1977) likita ce ta Afirka ta Kudu, marubuciya kuma masanin ilimin halayyar ilimi wanda ya fara sababbin hanyoyin koyar da yara da ke fama da dyslexia da sauran matsalolin ilmantarwa. Ta kafa Makarantar Japari, [1] wata makaranta ta musamman a Johannesburg wacce ke ba da ilimi ga yara da ke gwagwarmaya don bunƙasa a cikin tsarin ilimi na yau da kullun. Ta rubuta jerin littattafai masu karatu guda huɗu (Sounds Travel Too) da sauran masu koyar da karatu a Turanci da Afrikaans (Tom Kan Lees) waɗanda aka yi amfani da su sosai a cikin shekarun 1960 da 1970 [2] don koyar da hanyar karatun phonics, da kuma labarai game da maganin yara da ke da matsalolin ilmantarwa.[3][4]

 Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi 
Machanick ita ce ta biyu cikin yara uku da aka haifa a Cape Town ga iyayen baƙi; mahaifiyarta daga Ƙasar Ingila da mahaifinta daga Lithuania. Mahaifiyarta, Edna Annie Love Courtnall, tana ɗaya daga cikin mata na farko da suka kammala karatun LLB (1922)  a Jami'ar London, kuma daga baya ta kafa lambar yabo ta kasa ta hanyar Kungiyar Mata ta Afirka ta Kudu. Ana ba da kyaututtuka a kowace shekara ga mata biyu na Afirka ta Kudu waɗanda ke karatu don difloma ko digiri a kowane horo.

Bayan kammala makaranta, Sonia Machanick ta shiga karatun likita a Jami'ar Cape Town . Yayinda take daliba, ta fara shirin hutu ga daliban likitanci don samar da tallafin likita a asibitin manufa a Transkei kuma ta kasance memba na ƙungiyar da ta kaddamar da SHAWCO, ƙungiyar ba da agaji ta dalibai da ke Jami'ar Cape Town, wacce ke neman inganta ingancin rayuwa ga mutane a cikin al'ummomin da ke tasowa a cikin yankin Cape Metropolitan.

Bayan kammala karatunta a shekara ta 1947, ta koma babban harabar jami'a don nazarin ilimin halayyar dan adam kuma ta yi aiki a Cibiyar Kula da Yara ta Jami'ar. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida][<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2025)">citation needed</span>]

Ta auri Hillel Abbe Shapiro wanda ya kasance malami a makarantar likitanci ta jami'a. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida][<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2025)">citation needed</span>]

 Ayyuka 
Ba da daɗewa ba, suka koma Johannesburg inda ta fara aiki a asibitin cutar tarin fuka na Alexandra Township sannan kuma a matsayin mai rajista a asibitar Tara Psychiatric. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida][<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2025)">citation needed</span>]

Wadannan abubuwan da suka faru sun sanar da shawarar da ta yanke na yin aiki a fannin ilimin gyare-gyare, tare da takamaiman manufar bunkasa wurare don ganewar asali da kuma kula da yara waɗanda ba a kula da bukatunsu na motsin rai da ilimi a cikin tsarin ilimi na yau da kullun ba kuma ta fara aiki tare da yara waɗanda ke fama da matsaloli masu yawa na ilmantarwa, gami da matsalolin halayyar motsin rai, dyslexia da dyspraxia. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida][<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2025)">citation needed</span>]

Tare da mijinta da ƙungiyar wasu iyaye, Sonia Machanick ta taimaka wajen kafa makarantar sakandare ta farko ta Afirka ta Kudu, Woodmead School . 

 Makarantar JAPARI 
Yayinda aikinta ke girma, buƙatar manyan gidaje ta haifar da kafa Makarantar Japari a Johannesburg a shekarar 1966.

Makarantar ta kara fadada tare da sabbin gine-gine kuma ta sami damar daukar yara da yawa tare da karbar bakuncin taro da kuma aiki don malamai masu buƙata na musamman. Kodayake wannan ya kasance a lokacin wariyar launin fata, Japari ya yi aiki tun daga farko ba tare da wariyar launinariya ba, kuma ya goyi bayan ɗaliban baƙar fata tare da tallafin karatu zuwa manyan makarantu.

Bayan mutuwarta da farko tana da shekaru 52 a shekarar 1977, akwai wani lokaci na rashin tabbas, bayan haka makarantar ta sake kafa kanta a sabon shafin. Ayyukan Dr Machanick a fagen bincike na ilimi an amince da su ta Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiya ta Afirka ta Kudu, kuma Kwalejin ta kafa Sonia Machanick Traveling Fellowship .  An kafa jawabin tunawa da Sonia Machanick bayan mutuwarta. Daga watan Janairun 2002 shugaban makarantar ya kasance Steve Rees . 

 Ayyukan da aka zaɓa 

 Sauti Yana Tafiya Ma. Littafin 1
 Sauti Yana Tafiya Ma. Littafin 2
 Sauti yana tafiya ma. Littafin 3.
 Sauti Yana Tafiya Ma. Littafin 4
 Gudanar da yaro mai nakasa na ilmantarwa
 Rashin ilmantarwa a ƙuruciya - wasu jagororin da gargadi
 Taron da Taron
 Mutane da Abubuwan da suka faru
 Zan Yi Ni Duniya
 Ina zan iya zuwa? Birnin Cape Town
 Waarheen kan ek gaan? Kaapstad
 Tom Lees. Boek 1
 Tom Kan Lees. Boek 2
 Johannes Arnoldus van Beukering; Maurice David Gelfand; Sonia Machanick

 Bayanan da aka ambata 

Rukuni:Haifaffun 1925
Rukuni:Afrika ta kudu
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba