Abdel Halim Hafez

Abdel Halim Ali Shabana ( Arabic   ), wanda aka fi sani da Abdel Halim Hafez ( Arabic  ,  ) (21 Yuni 1929 - 30 Maris 1977),  mawaƙin Masar ne, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, jagora, ɗan kasuwa, malamin kiɗa kuma mai shirya fina-finai.     

Ana ɗaukar Abdel Halim a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan mawakan Masar na zamaninsa, tare da Umm Kulthum, Mohamed Abdel Wahab, Farid Al Atrach, Mohamed Fawzi, da Shadia . [1] [2] Yayin da farin jininsa ya karu, sai aka yi masa laqabi da 'el-Andaleeb el-Asmar ( Arabic ), [3] [4] [5] ma'ana Nightingale mai Duhun fata . [6] Ya samu gagarumar nasara a matsayinsa na mashahurin mawaƙi a duk faɗin duniyar Larabawa, tare da kiyasin tallace-tallacen sama da rikodin miliyan 80. [1] [7]

 Rayuwar farko 
An haife shi Abdel Halim Ali Shabanah a El-Halawat a cikin El Sharqia, mai tazarar kilomita 80 (mil 50) arewa da Alkahira, shi ne ɗa na huɗu ga Ali Ismail Shabanah. Yana da 'yan'uwa biyu, Ismail da Mohamed, da kuma 'yar'uwa daya, Alyah. Mahaifiyarsa ta mutu sakamakon matsalolin naƙuda kwana uku bayan ta haife shi - abin da ya sa mutanen da ke kusa da shi suka yi imanin cewa ya kawo sa'a. Mahaifinsa ma ya rasu bayan ƴan watanni, ya bar shi da ƴan uwansa marayu tun suna ƙanana. Ya zauna a gidan marayu na talakawa na tsawon shekaru.  Daga baya aminansa da kawunsa suka rene shi a birnin Alkahira. A cikin wadannan shekaru Abdel Halim ya kasance matalauci matuka. 

Abdel Halim ya fara bayyana iya fasahar waka ne tun yana makarantar firamare kuma yayansa Ismail Shabanah shi ne malamin waka na farko. Yana da shekaru 14 a duniya ya shiga Cibiyar Wakokin Larabci da ke birnin Alkahira kuma ya shahara wajen rera wakokin Mohammed Abdel Wahab . Ya fita daga Higher Theatrical Music Institute a matsayin ɗan wasan obo.  

 Aikin kiɗa 
A farkon farko, Abdel Halim ya yi aiki a matsayin malamin kiɗa a maka 

rantu a Tanta da El-Mahalla El-Kubra . Yayin da yake rera waka a kulake a birnin Alkahira, Abdel Halim ya kasance a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbinsa na karshe a lokacin da mawakiyar Karem Mahmoud ta kasa rera wani shiri kai tsaye a gidan rediyon a shekarar 1953.  Hafez Abdel Wahab, mai kula da shirye-shiryen kade-kade na gidan rediyon kasar Masar ya ji wasan kwaikwayon Abdel Halim. Abdel Halim ya ɗauki 'Hafez', sunan farko na Abdel Wahab, a matsayin sunansa na farko don amincewa da ubangidansa. 

A farkon aikinsa, an ƙi Abdel Halim saboda sabon salon waƙarsa. Duk da haka ya dage kuma ya iya samun yabo daga baya.  A ƙarshe, ya zama mawaƙi wanda dukan tsararraki ke jin daɗinsa. 
alt=A.Hafez|thumb|232x232px|Abdul Halim Hafiz
Tare da haɗin gwiwar mawaki Mohammed Abdel Wahab, Abdel Halim ya ci gaba da samar da shahararrun wakokin soyayya irin su Ahwak ("Ina son ku"), Nebtedi Minen el Hekaya ("A ina za mu fara labarin"), da Fatet Ganbena ("Ta wuce ta wurinmu"). Hafez ya kuma yi aiki tare da mawaƙin Masar Mohamed Hamza a kan waƙoƙin da suka haɗa da Zay el Hawa ("Yana jin kamar ƙauna"), Sawah ("Wanderer"), Hawel Teftekerni ("Ku yi ƙoƙari ku tuna da ni"), Aye Damiet Hozn ("Kowane hawaye na bakin ciki"), da Maw'ood ("Kaddara").

A lokacin aikinsa, ya yi farin jini sosai kuma a ko da yaushe ya yi wasa a fage da filayen wasa da aka sayar da shi.  Duk da shahararsa, da wuya ya fitar da kundi na studio tun lokacin da ya yi aiki a matsayin mawaƙi kawai.  Ya kuma buga kida daban-daban, da suka haɗa da oboe, ganguna, piano, oud, clarinet da guitar.  Ya kasance yana shiga cikin kowane fanni na tsara wakokinsa.  Halim ya gabatar da sabbin kayan kida da yawa ga kasashen Larabawa .  An san shi da zurfin sha'awarsa a cikin waƙoƙinsa da muryarsa ta musamman.   Halim ya yi a kusan kowace kasa a cikin kasashen Larabawa da ma wajen kasashen Larabawa, ciki har da kide-kide da dama a Turai.  Haka kuma, ya rera wakokin kishin kasa ba kawai kasarsa ta Masar wadda ya sadaukar da mafi rinjayen wakokinsa na kishin kasa ba, har ma da wasu wakoki kadan da aka sadaukar da su ga sauran kasashen larabawa kamar Lebanon, Syria, Tunisia, Aljeriya da Morocco a lokacin juyin juya hali da yake-yakensu. Ya kasance yana ƙarfafawa da kuma taimaka wa yawancin matasa masu fasaha da masu wasan kwaikwayo don ci gaba da samun nasara.    Ƙungiyar Mazzika ta sami duka kundin kundinsa a farkon 2000s.

 Suna 
A Masar, ana kiran Halim da sunan "Sarkin kiɗa", "Dan Nilu", "Muryar mutane", "Dan juyin juya hali", da "Sarkin motsin rai da jin dadi".     Wakokinsa na kishin kasa su ne wakokin da jama'a suka fi rera a lokacin juyin juya halin Masar na 2011 .   
Daya daga cikin masu neman sauyi a juyin juya halin kasar Masar a shekara ta 2011 ya ce "wakokin dare sun zaburar da mu a lokacin juyin juya halin na ranar 25 ga watan Janairu" da kuma "Duk da cewa ya rasu shekaru 35 da suka wuce, to tabbas wakokinsa za su ci gaba da zaburarwa 'yan uwansa Masarawa kwarin gwuiwa har tsawon tsararraki masu zuwa." Kundin nasa sun sayar da kwafi da yawa tun mutuwarsa [ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2025)">da</span> ] mawaƙin Larabci.  [ <span title="Dead link tagged October 2025">dead link</span> ] Yadda yake rera wakokinsa da shaharar wakokinsa da kuma halayensa sun sanya shi zama abin koyi ga kusan kowane mawaki na zamani a duk fadin yankin.    

 Rayuwa ta sirri 
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 11, Abdel Halim ya kamu da cutar schistosomiasis  -cutar da ba kasafai ake kamuwa da ita ta ruwa ba  - kuma ta kamu da ita tsawon yawancin aikinsa. Duk da haka, ya kasance mai kyau kuma ya ci gaba da tsarawa da yin waƙoƙinsa. 

Duk da cewa Abdel Halim bai taba yin aure ba, amma an yi ta rade-radin cewa ya yi aure a asirce da jaruma Soad Hosni tsawon shekara shida. Ba a taba tabbatar da wannan ba har yau. Mutanen da ke kusa da mawakan biyu sun musanta wannan jita-jita.  

A 1969 Halim ya gina asibiti a Masar . Ya yi wa talakawa da masu hannu da shuni da shuwagabanni daidai a kasashen Larabawa . 
Abdel Halim ya kulla abota mai karfi da shuwagabanni da sarakunan Gabashin Duniya da dama, ciki har da Gamal Abdel Nasser na Masar, da Sarki Hassan na biyu na Maroko .   Ya kuma yi abota ta kud da kud da galibin mawakan Masarawa. 

 Rashin lafiya 
Abdel Halim Hafez ya kamu da ciwon hanta da schistosomiasis ke haifar da shi, kuma wannan ciwon shine sanadin mutuwarsa a shekara ta 1977. Ya san wannan cuta a karon farko a shekarar 1956 lokacin da aka gayyace shi cin abinci tare da abokinsa Mustafa Al-Areef a watan Ramadan mai alfarma inda ya samu jinin ciki. [ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2024)">abubuwan da ake bukata</span> ]

 Mutuwa 
Abdel Halim ya mutu ne sakamakon gazawar hanta a matsayin mai rikitarwa daga Schistooma mansoni (Makarantar Magunguna ta Jami'ar St. George) A ranar 30 ga Maris 1977 ('yan watanni kafin cikarsa shekaru  da ake jinyar Bilharzia a Asibitin Kwalejin King, London.

Dubun dubatar mutane ne suka halarci jana'izar sa a birnin Alkahira  an ruwaito Halim ya yi mafarki da burin da yake son cimmawa, duk da cewa mutuwarsa ta farko ta hana shi yin hakan.  Bayan rasuwar Halim, an sami labarin cewa mutane sun kashe kansu, ciki har da mata akalla hudu da suka kashe kansu ta hanyar tsalle daga baranda a lokacin da yake tattakin jana'izarsa.   An binne shi a makabartar Al Bassatin a birnin Alkahira.

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Haifaffun 1929
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba