Cibiyar Nazarin Yanayi ta Kasa

Cibiyar Nazarin Yanayi ta Kasa (NCAR /ˈɛnkɑːr/)  cibiyar bincike da ci gaba ce ta tarayya ta Amurka (FFRDC) wacce Cibiyar Nazaren Yanayi (UCAR) ke gudanarwa kuma Gidauniyar Kimiyya ta Kasa (NSF) ke tallafawa. NCAR tana da wurare da yawa, gami da hedkwatar I. M. Pei-designed Mesa Laboratory a Boulder, Colorado. Nazarin ya haɗa da ilimin yanayi, kimiyyar yanayi, ilmin sunadarai na yanayi, hulɗar hasken rana da ƙasa, tasirin muhalli da zamantakewa.

 Kayan aiki da fasaha 
NCAR ta taimaka wajen bunkasa Lidar, radar mai haske, yanzu kayan aikin archaeological, da kuma samar da kayan aiki da fasaha masu yawa ga al'ummar kimiyya don nazarin Yanayin duniya, gami da,  

 Kayan aiki na musamman don auna hanyoyin yanayi
 Jirgin bincike
 Kayan aiki mai girma da kuma tsarin yanar gizo, gami da manyan kwamfutocisupercomputers
 Cibiyar Kula da Hasken rana ta Mauna Loa
 Kamfen na hadin gwiwa
 Misalai na yanayi na yanayi, sunadarai, hasken rana, da tsarin yanayi, gami da samfuran da aka haɓaka tare kamar: Tsarin Tsarin Duniya na Al'umma (CESM) Tsarin Binciken Yanayi da Tsinkaya (WRF) Tsarin Yanayi na Al'ummar (WACCM) 
 Tsarin Tsarin Duniya na Al'umma (CESM) 
 Binciken Yanayi da Tsarin Hasashen (WRF) 
 Tsarin Yanayi na Yanayi na Al'umma (WACCM) 
 Canjin fasaha don tallafawa bukatun al'umma
 Bayanai, sabis na bayanai, da sauran albarkatun
 NCAR Command Language (NCL), harshen shirye-shirye da aka tsara don amfani da yanayi da bayanan samfurin 

 Yankunan ma'aikata da sanannun masana kimiyya na baya da na yanzu 
Cibiyar tana da ma'aikatan masana kimiyya, injiniyoyi, masu fasaha, da ma'aikata masu tallafi. Manyan wuraren bincike sun hada da: 

 Yanayi (Matsayin da ya gabata, yanzu, da kuma yanayin gaba; tasirin greenhouse, dumamar duniya, da canjin yanayi; El Niño, La Niña, da sauran manyan yanayin yanayi; fari, gobarar daji) 
 Meteorology / Weather (tsinkaya na gajeren lokaci; tsinkaya na Yanayi da tsinkaya; tasirin yanayi akan yanayi; guguwa, guguwa da sauran guguwa masu tsanani; matakai na jiki) 
 Tasirin muhalli da zamantakewa (tasirin canjin yanayi a kan yanayi na halitta da sarrafawa; hulɗar yanayi, yanayi, da al'umma; tsarin haɗarin yanayi don jirgin sama da sufuri na ƙasa; tsaron ƙasa) 
 Rashin gurɓataccen iska da sinadarin iska (rashin gurɓatawa na iska a kan ma'auni na gida, yanki, da na duniya; sinadarin sunadarai da yanayi) 
 Rana da Yanayin sararin samaniya (tsarin Rana, daga ciki zuwa sunspots zuwa hasken rana; sake zagayowar rana; tasirin Rana akan yanayin duniya da yanayi; yanayin sararin sama) 
 Sauran bangarorin Tsarin Duniya (sakamakon yanayi da yanayi na hulɗa tare da: teku da sauran bangarorin sake zagayowar ruwa na Duniya, gami da kankara na teku, kankara, da sauran cryosphere; gandun daji, noma, birni da sauran nau'ikan amfani da ƙasa) 

Shahararrun masana kimiyya a kan ma'aikatan yanzu a cibiyar sun hada da Tom Wigley, Kevin Trenberth, Clara Deser, da Caspar Ammann,  kuma a baya sun hada da Paul Crutzen (Nobel Prize in chemistry, 1995); Paul Julian, wanda tare da abokin aiki Roland Madden ya gano oscillation na Madden-Julian; Stephen Schneider. Greg Holland ya fara aikin ƙirar ƙira mai yawa "Tsinkaya Tsarin Duniya a Ƙasashen Scales". 

 Shirye-shiryen bincike - dakunan gwaje-gwaje da shirye-shirye 
NCAR a halin yanzu an tsara ta cikin dakunan gwaje-gwaje bakwai da shirye-shirye biyu: 

Gidajen gwaje-gwaje

 Binciken ilmin sunadarai na sararin samaniya da dakin gwaje-gwaje (ACOM) 
 Gidan gwaje-gwaje na Yanayi da Yanayi na Duniya (CGD) 
 Computational & Information Systems Laboratory (CISL) - CISL an riga an san shi da Sashen Kwamfuta na Kimiyya (SCD). CISL tana sarrafawa da sarrafa manyan kwamfutocin NCAR, tsarin ajiya, cibiyar sadarwa, da sauran kwamfuta da ayyukan cyberinfrastructure. Cibiyar Nazarin Lissafi da aka yi amfani da ita ga Geosciences (IMAGe) ƙungiya ce ta bincike a cikin CISL . 
 Gidan Bincike na Duniya (EOL) - EOL an riga an san shi da Sashen Fasahar Yanayi (ATD). EOL tana sarrafawa da kuma gudanar da tsarin lura da yanayin NCAR, gami da kayan aiki na ƙasa da jirgin bincike guda biyu, a madadin NSF.
 High Altitude Observatory (HAO) - Tsohon ɓangaren NCAR, HAO shine dakin gwaje-gwaje na kimiyyar hasken rana na NCAR. Binciken bincike shine Rana da sararin samaniya na duniya. HAO tana aiki da Mauna Loa Solar Observatory (MLSO).
 Gidan gwaje-gwaje na Mesoscale da Microscale Meteorology (MMM) 
 Laboratory na Aikace-aikacen Bincike (RAL) 

Shirye-shiryen

 Shirin Nazarin Ci gaba (ASP) 
 Shirin Kimiyya na Haɗin Kai (ISP) 

Ayyukan NCAR ga jami'o'i da manyan al'ummomin kimiyyar ƙasa an ƙarfafa su ta hanyar gudummawar Shirye-shiryen al'umma na UCAR.

 Tallafi da gudanarwa 
NCAR tana sarrafawa ta hanyar UCAR mai zaman kanta kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin Cibiyoyin Bincike da Ci Gaban Tarayya na NSF, tare da kusan kashi 95% na kudaden da ke fitowa daga gwamnatin tarayya. Koyaya, ba hukumar tarayya ba ce kuma ma'aikatanta ba sa cikin tsarin ma'aikatan tarayya. NCAR tana daukar ma'aikata kusan 761. Kudin shekara-shekara a cikin shekara ta 2015 ya kai dala miliyan 167.8. 

 Daraktocin NCAR 
Daraktan da ya kafa NCAR shine Walter Orr Roberts .  Darakta na yanzu shine Everette Joseph.
Daraktan NCARRanar da aka yi a ofisWalter Orr Roberts1960–1968John W. Firor1968–1974Francis P. Bretherton1974–1980Wilmot N. Hess1980–1986Richard A. Anthes1986–1988Robert Serafin1989–2000Timothy L. Killeen2000–2008Eric J. Barron2008–2010Roger M. Wakimoto2010–2013Maura Hagan2013 (darakta na wucin gadi) James W. Hurrell2013–2018Everette Joseph2019-ya zuwa yanzu

 Ziyarar 

 Baƙi na kimiyya 
NCAR tana da dama da yawa don ziyarar kimiyya zuwa wuraren bita, taro, da haɗin gwiwar abokan aiki a cikin ilimi, dakunan gwaje-gwaje na gwamnati, da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu. Yawancin ma'aikatan NCAR suna ziyartar abokan aiki a jami'o'i da dakunan gwaje-gwaje kuma suna aiki a matsayin mataimakin ko ma'aikatan ziyara. 

 Yawon shakatawa na jama'a 
Cibiyar Baƙi a Laboratory ta Mesa tana buɗewa ga jama'a kowace rana ba tare da caji ba. Gudanar da yawon shakatawa da tafiye-tafiye na kwamfutar hannu sun haɗa da bidiyo da sauti a ɗaya daga cikin manyan kwamfutoci na farko da Seymour Cray ya gina da kuma rundunar kwamfutar zamani ta NCAR, yawancin nune-nunen ilimi da ke nuna abubuwan da ke faruwa a yanayi da canje-canje a yanayin duniya wanda ya haifar da dumama ta duniya, da kuma hanyar yanayin yanayi na waje. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida] [ana buƙatar hujja][citation needed]￼

 Manazarta 

 Haɗin waje 


 Yawon shakatawa na jama'a da nune-nunen, a Jami'ar Jami'ar Nazarin YanayiKamfanin Jami'ar Nazarin Yanayi
 Babban Kwamfuta a NCAR  An adana shi 2017-12-29 a , a Laboratory na Kwamfuta da Bayanai
 Tarihin NCAR
 NCAR Research Data Archive (RDA)
 Gidan ajiya na OpenSky

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