Harshe na Baltimore

Lafazin Baltimore, wanda kuma aka sani da Baltimorese kuma a wasu lokuta ana rubuta Bawlmerese [1] ko Ballimorese, [2] lafazin ko ƙaramin nau'in Delaware Valley Turanci ne ( yare wanda babbar cibiyarsa ita ce Philadelphia ) wanda ya samo asali ne daga mazaunan Baltimore , Maryland, Amurka. Ya kara zuwa yankin Baltimore na birni da arewa maso gabashin Maryland. [3] [4] [5]

A lokaci guda, akwai bambancin harsuna masu yawa a cikin Baltimore, wanda ke rikitar da ra'ayin "Baltimore accent". A cewar masana harsuna, harshen fararen blue-collar Baltimoreans ya bambanta da harshen Ingilishi na Afirka na Amurka na baƙar fata Baltimoreans. Iyalan fararen ma'aikata waɗanda suka yi ƙaura daga Baltimore zuwa yankunan arewa maso yamma sun kawo furcin gida tare da su.

 Lafazin lafazin 
Lafazin Baltimore wanda ya samo asali a tsakanin mazauna farin kwala mai shuɗi yayi kama da shuɗin kwalar Philadelphia-rea lafazin Turanci ta hanyoyi da yawa. Wadannan biranen guda biyu sune kawai manyan tashar jiragen ruwa a Gabashin Tekun Tekun da ba su taɓa yin magana ba a tsakanin masu magana da Amurkawa na Turai; Hiberno-Ingilishi, Ingilishi na Scotland, da Ingilishi na Ƙasar Yamma sun yi tasiri sosai a farkon haɓakarsu. Saboda gagarumin kamanceceniya tsakanin jawaban Baltimore, Philadelphia, Delaware da kudancin New Jersey, masana ilimin zamantakewa suna kiran su gaba ɗaya azaman yaren yankin tsakiyar Atlantika.  A cikin lafuzzan Baltimore, suna sauti a kusa da  yawanci ana "lalata" ko kuma a rufe . Misali, kalma kamar bureau ana kiranta da  (misali, Federal Beer-o of Investigation ) kuma ana kiran madubi da  ("zama"); Akwai kuma hadewar mare– magajin gari.

 Wasula 

 Wasulan wasali da yawa suna fuskantar gaba . /aʊ / gaba zuwa  ko  . /uː / gaba zuwa  .  Hakazalika, /oʊ / yana canzawa zuwa  ko ma  . Lokacin da kalma-ƙarshe kuma aka rubuta as -ow, ana kiranta kamar , yana haifar da kalmomi na magana ko na ban dariya kamar pila don matashin kai da taga don taga .
 Babu haɗin gadon da aka kama : Kalmomin cot  kuma kama  kada ku yi waƙa, tare da wasali na ƙarshe yana riƙe matsayi mai girma. Haka nan, kalmar wakoki tare da wayewar gari ba don .
 Kamar yadda yake a Philadelphia, ana yawan furta kalmar ruwa da itace  ko, fiye da na musamman, warter  .
 Kamar yadda yake a yawancin biranen tsakiyar Atlantika, ana kiran <i id="mwfA">gajeriyar</i> a tare da tsaga murya : misali, kalmar bakin ciki  ba ya magana da kalmar mahaukaci  . Furuci ya dogara ne akan tsarin ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'idodi waɗanda suka bambanta daga birni zuwa birni.  Baltimore yana bin tsarin Philadelphia.  Don ƙarin cikakkun bayanai kan tsarin Philadelphia, New York, da Baltimore duba /æ/ kiwon .

 Ta  wasali a kalmomi kamar farawa sau da yawa ana ɗagawa da goyan baya, yana haifar da wasali kusa da  . Hakanan,  kamar a cikin bore  na iya matsawa har zuwa  kamar in boor . An kuma lura cewa wannan tsari yana faruwa a Philadelphia da New York. 
 Ƙirar Kanada tana faruwa don /aɪ / kafin baƙon murya, kamar yadda yake a Philadelphia; alal misali, kalmar kamar [ɫʌɪk] tana farawa da babban tsakiya fiye da rayuwa [ɫaɪv]. 
 A gefe guda, /aɪ / na iya yin laushi kafin ruwa, ya zama  kafin  kuma  ; misali, ana kiran wuta kamar , a cikin abin da wani mashahurin Baltimore Kirsimeti barkwanci: "Me ya sa aka rufe Uku Masu hikima maza da soot?" "Saboda daga nesa suka zo."
  sau da yawa ana kawar da gaba ɗaya daga kalma a gaban baƙar fata; misali Annapolis = Naplis, taba = sigari, kamfani = compny, Italiya = Italiya.

 Bambance-bambancen Ba-Amurke 
A cewar masana ilimin harshe, yaren "hon" da ya shahara a kafafen yada labarai wanda kuma ya samo asali a tarihi daga jawaban fararen fata mazauna Kudu da Kudu maso Gabashin Baltimore ba ita ce kawai lafazin da ake magana a yankin ba. Hakanan akwai takamaiman lafazin Baltimore da aka samo a tsakanin Black Baltimoreans: ƙaramin nau'in Ingilishi na Vernacular na Afirka-Amurka . 

Misali, a tsakanin masu magana da baki, ana kiran Baltimore kamar "Baldamore" , idan aka kwatanta da "Bawlmer"  . Wasu fitattun sifofi na sauti sun haɗa da daidaita wasula kafin  (kamar kalmomin kamar "ɗaukar" da "iyaye" galibi ana kiran su "curry" ko "purrents", kuma "Haruna ya sami baƙin ƙarfe" na iya zama kamar "Urrun urned an arn urn") da tsakiyar tsakiya na , musamman a cikin kalmar "kare," sau da yawa ana kiranta kamar "dug," da "frog" a matsayin "frug."  DeShields, Inte'a (17 May 2011). "Baldamor, Curry, and Dug': Language Variation, Culture, and Identity among African American Baltimoreans". Podcast. Retrieved 17 July 2011. Lafazin Baltimore na Ba-Amurke, ko kuma bambancinsa, yawancin Ba'amurke Baƙi a duk faɗin Maryland da yankin babban birnin Washington .

 Sanannen masu magana da harshe 

 Masu magana na rayuwa 

 Judy Agnew – Uwargidan Biyu ta Amurka 
 Spiro Agnew – Mataimakin Shugaban Amurka 
 Ben Cardin – Sanatan Amurka na Maryland (2007-present) 
 Mary Pat Clarke – Matar Majalisar Birnin Baltimore (1975-2020)
 Allahntaka – actor
 Charley Eckman – Kocin NBA kuma alkalin wasa, mai wasan motsa jiki
 Stavros Halkias – ɗan wasan barkwanci
 Mel Kiper Jr. – manazarcin kwallon kafa na ESPN 
 Barbara Mikulski – Sanatan Amurka ta Maryland (1987 – 2017) 
 Felicia Pearson – actress a kan Waya
 Nancy Pelosi – tsohuwar kakakin majalisar wakilai ta Amurka 
 Babe Ruth – Gidan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Famer
 Chip Silverman – marubuci kuma kocin lacrosse 
 John Waters – mai yin fim  

 Manazarta