Shirin Muhalli na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya

Shirin Muhalli na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNEP) yana da alhakin daidaita martani ga batutuwan muhalli a cikin Tsarin Majalisar Dinkinobho. Maurice Strong ne ya kafa shi, darakta na farko, bayan Tsarin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Muhalli na Mutum a Stockholm a watan Yunin 1972. Manufarta ita ce samar da jagoranci, isar da kimiyya da haɓaka mafita a kan batutuwa da yawa, gami da canjin yanayi,  gudanar da yanayin ruwa da na ƙasa, da ci gaban tattalin arzikin kore.  Har ila yau, kungiyar tana haɓaka yarjejeniyar muhalli ta duniya; tana buga da inganta kimiyyar muhalli kuma tana taimaka wa gwamnatocin ƙasa cimma burin muhalli.

A matsayinta na memba na Kungiyar Ci Gaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, UNEP tana da niyyar taimaka wa duniya ta cika Manufofin Ci Gaban 17 masu dorewa. UNEP ta dauki bakuncin sakatariyoyin yarjejeniyoyin muhalli da kungiyoyin bincike da yawa, gami da Yarjejeniyar Biological Diversity (CBD), Yarjejeniyar Minamata akan Mercury, Basel, Rotterdam da Yarjejeniyoyin Stockholm, Yarjejeniyar kan Nau'o'in Migration da Yarjejeniya kan Ciniki na Duniya a cikin Dabbobi da Flora masu haɗari (CITES), da sauransu.

 Tarihi 
A cikin shekarun 1970s, ba a yarda da bukatar kula da muhalli a matakin duniya ba, musamman ta kasashe masu tasowa. Wasu sun yi jayayya cewa damuwa game da muhalli ba fifiko ba ne ga kasashe masu talauci. Jagorancin jami'in diflomasiyyar Kanada Maurice Strong ya shawo kan yawancin gwamnatocin kasashe masu tasowa cewa suna buƙatar fifita wannan batun. A cikin kalmomin farfesa Na Najeriya Adebayo Adedeji: "Mista Strong, ta hanyar sahihancin shawararsa, nan da nan ya bayyana cewa dukkanmu, ba tare da la'akari da matakin ci gabanmu ba, suna da babban gungumen azaba a cikin al'amarin."

 Gudanarwa 

 Babban darektan 
A watan Disamba na shekara ta 1972, Babban Taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya zabi Maurice Strong a matsayin shugaban farko na Majalisar Dinkinobho. Ya kuma kasance babban sakatare na taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 1972 kan Muhalli na Dan Adam da Taron Duniya (1992).

Mostafa Kamal Tolba ne ya rike mukamin na tsawon shekaru 17 (1975-1992), wanda ya taimaka wajen kawo la'akari da muhalli a gaban tunanin duniya da aiki. A karkashin jagorancinsa, nasarar da aka fi sani da muhalli na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya - yarjejeniyar tarihi ta 1987 don kare Layer na ozone - an tattauna Yarjejeniyar Montreal. Elizabeth Dowdeswell (1992-1998), Klaus Töpfer (1998-2006), Achim Steiner (2006-2016), da Erik Solheim (2016-2018) ne suka gaje shi.

 Manazarta