Roundabout

Wannan labarin yana game da mahaɗin hanya. Don wasu amfani, duba Roundabout (bayyanewa) da Rotary (bayyanewa).

"Da'irar zirga-zirga" yana juyawa a nan. Don yankin da ke da ƙanƙara a Antarctica, duba Traffic Circle (Antarctica).

Roundabout a La Crosse, Wisconsin

Roundabout na BurtaniyaThe New Shorter Oxford English Dictionary,Volume 2, Clarendon Press, Oxford (1993), page 2632

Motsi a cikin zagaye a cikin zirga-zirgar hagu; lura da zagaye a hannun agogo

Sparta Army National Guard

Motsi a cikin zagaye a cikin zirga-zirgar hannun dama; lura da zagaye a hannun agogo

Roundabout na Otal ɗin Indonesia a Jakarta, Indonesia

Mahadar zobe a Hemel Hempstead, Birtaniya

Zagaye, juyawa da da'irar zirga-zirga nau'ikan hanya ce mai zagaye inda ake ba da izinin zirga-zirga ta gudana a hanya ɗaya a kusa da tsibirin tsakiya.

A Amurka, injiniyoyi suna amfani da kalmar zamani roundabout don nufin mahaɗar da aka sanya bayan 1960 waɗanda suka haɗa da ƙa'idodin ƙira don ƙara aminci. Idan aka kwatanta da alamun tsayawa, siginar zirga-zirga, da nau'ikan zagaye na baya, zagaye na zamani yana rage yuwuwar da tsananin karo sosai ta hanyar rage saurin zirga-zirga ta hanyar karkatar da kwance da rage karo na T-bone da kai-kan. Bambance-bambancen da ke kan manufar asali sun haɗa da haɗa layukan tram ko jirgin ƙasa, kwararar hanyoyi biyu, manyan gudu da sauransu da yawa.

Ga masu tafiya a ƙasa, zirga-zirgar ababen hawa da ke fita daga zagayen suna zuwa daga hanya ɗaya, maimakon uku, suna sauƙaƙa yanayin gani na mai tafiya a ƙasa. Zirga-zirgar ababen hawa tana motsawa a hankali don ba da damar hulɗa da masu tafiya a ƙasa, suna ƙarfafa girmamawa gare su. Sauran fa'idodi sun haɗa da rage rikicewar direbobi da ke da alaƙa da mahaɗar tsaye [ana buƙatar ambato] da rage layi da ke da alaƙa da fitilun zirga-zirga. Suna ba da damar U-turns a cikin kwararar zirga-zirgar yau da kullun, wanda galibi ba zai yiwu ba a wasu nau'ikan haɗuwa. Bugu da ƙari, tunda motocin da ke aiki da man fetur ko dizal galibi suna ɓatar da ƙarancin lokaci suna aiki a kan roundabouts fiye da a mahadar hanyoyi masu alama, amfani da roundabout na iya haifar da ƙarancin gurɓatawa. Lokacin da suke shiga motoci kawai suna buƙatar barin hanya, ba koyaushe suke yin cikakken tsayawa ba; sakamakon haka, ta hanyar kiyaye wani ɓangare na ƙarfinsu, injin zai buƙaci ƙarancin aiki don sake dawo da saurin farko, wanda ke haifar da ƙarancin hayaki. Bincike ya kuma nuna cewa zirga-zirgar ababen hawa a cikin roundabouts ba ta yin hayaniya fiye da zirga-zirgar ababen hawa waɗanda dole ne su tsaya su fara, su yi sauri su kuma birki.

An fara daidaita roundabouts na zamani a Burtaniya a shekarar 1966 kuma an gano cewa sun zama babban ci gaba fiye da da'irar zirga-zirga da rotary na baya. Tun daga lokacin, roundabouts na zamani sun zama ruwan dare a duk faɗin duniya,: har da Ostiraliya, Burtaniya da Faransa.

 Tarihi 
Asalin da kuma mutuwar da'irar zirga-zirga

An riga an sami mahaɗar da'ira kafin zagaye, ciki har da:

1768 Burtaniya: An kammala da'irar da ke birnin Bath, Somerset. An gina wannan ne bisa la'akari da gine-gine ba don dalilai na zirga-zirga ba.

1780 (kimanin) Faransa: Wurin da ke kewaye da Arc de Triomphe a birnin Paris.

1791 Amurka: Pierre Charles L'Enfant ya tsara ainihin tsarin Washington, D.C., wanda ya ƙunshi manyan hanyoyin ketare tituna da dama. A cikin kowace mahadar akwai wani fili - wasu suna da zane-zane masu kusurwa huɗu wasu kuma suna da zane-zane masu zagaye.

1821 Amurka: Da'irar Gwamna (wanda daga baya aka sake masa suna Monument Circle) na Indianapolis, Indiana (wanda ya ba birnin laƙabi "The Circle City");

1877 Faransa: Mai ginin Faransa Eugène Hénard yana tsara mahaɗar da'ira mai hanya ɗaya.

1879 Netherlands: Keizer Karelplein a Nijmegen.

1899 Jamus: Brautwiesenplatz a Görlitz.

1904 Amurka: Da'irar Columbus a Manhattan, New York.

1905 Amurka: Mai zane-zanen Amurka William Phelps Eno ya fifita ƙananan da'irar zirga-zirga.

Ya sake tsara shahararren Da'irar Columbus ta birnin New York, wanda aka kammala a 1905.

1907 Amurka: Mai zane John McLaren ya tsara ɗaya daga cikin da'irar zirga-zirgar Amurka ta farko don motoci da motocin titi (trams) a Hanchett Residence Park a abin da yanzu ake kira San Jose, California.

1909 Burtaniya: An gina mahaɗin zagaye na farko na Burtaniya a Letchworth Garden City.

Kodayake wasu har yanzu ana iya kiransu da zagaye, halayen aiki da shiga na waɗannan da'irar zirga-zirga sun bambanta sosai da zagaye na zamani.

An gina mahaɗin zagaye a Amurka, kodayake da yawa manyan 'juyawa' ne waɗanda ke ba da damar haɗa sauri da saƙa. Da'irar zirga-zirgar tsofaffi na iya sarrafa shiga zirga-zirgar ta hanyar alamun tsayawa ko fitilun zirga-zirga. Mutane da yawa suna barin shiga cikin sauri mai girma ba tare da karkacewa ba, ko kuma suna buƙatar tsayawa da juyawa digiri 90 don shiga. Saboda waɗannan yanayi sun haifar da haɗarin ababen hawa da yawa, ginin da'irar zirga-zirga da juyawa sun daina a shekarun 1950, kuma an cire wasu.: 3:02"Why The U.S. Hates Roundabouts".