Anna Tait

Anna Tait (wanda aka fi sani da Anne Tait), wani lokacin ana kiranta Hononni, wata mace ce ta Scotland da ake zargi da maita a Haddington, East Lothian a cikin 1634. An kashe ta a shekara ta 1635. Shari'arta ta mayar da hankali ne kan maganganun baƙin ciki da laifi, gami da ra'ayin kashe kansa, wanda ya shafi kisan mijinta na farko da mutuwar 'yarta bayan zubar da ciki a gida.

 Tarihi 
Masanin tarihi da maita Louise Yeoman ya lura cewa sunan Tait bai bayyana a cikin Sourcebook of Scottish Witchcraft na Christina Larner ba, wanda aka dauka a matsayin mafi girman bayani game da maita ta Scotland tun lokacin da aka buga shi a 1977. Wannan watsi ya faru ne saboda Tait, tare da kusan mutane ɗari da ake zargi da maita, ba a san su ba ga masu tara littafin a lokacin. A maimakon haka an adana sunayensu a cikin wani rubutun da aka yi watsi da shi wanda National Library of Scotland ke gudanarwa.

A lokacin shirye-shiryen kundin da aka buga na Registry of the Privy Council of Scotland a ƙarshen karni na 19, an cire wani kundin Registry of Commissions wanda ya rufe shekarun 1630-1642 ba tare da saninsa ba. A sakamakon haka, daruruwan kwamitocin majalisa - da yawa daga cikinsu sun haifar da shari'o'in aikata laifuka - sun kasance ba tare da rubuce-rubuce ba a cikin tushe na biyu. Shari'ar Anna Tait ta kasance daga cikin wadanda aka yi watsi da su.

Yeoman ya yaba da Dokta Michael Wasser, masanin tarihi wanda ya kware a laifukan tashin hankali a karni na 16 da 17 a Scotland a Jami'ar McGill, tare da sake gano rubutun da kuma fahimtar muhimmancinsa.

 Hononni 
A wani lokaci a rayuwarta, Tait ta sami sunan "Hononni", bambancin Scottish na kalmar Turanci "Hey nonny no!" - wanda aka fi ji a cikin waƙoƙin lokacin. Sunan laƙabi, tare da sautin da ba shi da ma'ana, ya kasance mai farin ciki ga Tait, wanda rayuwarsa, a cewar masana tarihi, ta kasance alama ce ta "kisan kai, bala'i, da fidda rai". 

 Tarihin rayuwa 
Tait ta auri William Johnston, mai niƙa. A cewar bayanan da aka yi kafin shari'a, an fara kama ta ne a ranar 18 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 1634 saboda yunkurin kashe kanta ta hanyar "hanging  a cikin kotun   ko kuma kawunanta].[her]

Masanin tarihi Louise Yeoman ya bayyana cewa:

 John Coltart 
Yayinda ake tuhumar ta a tolbooth, Tait ta furta wa ministoci da baillies na Haddington cewa shekaru 28 da suka gabata,  yayin da take zaune a Ingila, ta kashe mijinta na farko, John Coltart, wanda aka bayyana a matsayin "mutumin da ya tsufa" kuma direban nolt (mai kiwon shanu).  Ta yi iƙirarin cewa ta sa masa guba ta amfani da abin sha da aka yi da ganye. A cewarta, ya mutu cikin sa'o'i uku bayan ya cinye cakuda. Tait ta bayyana cewa ta auri Coltart a 1606 a wani wuri da ake kira "Furd Kirk" a Ingila.

 Elisabeth Johnston 
Tait kuma ta furta kisan 'yarta daga aurenta na biyu, Elizabeth Johnston .  A cewar ikirarin, Elizabeth ta mutu bayan zubar da ciki a gida. Tait ta yarda da shirya wani concoction - wani mutchkin (wani Scottish pint) - wanda aka yi da farin ruwan inabi da gishiri, wanda ta ba 'yarta don kawo karshen ciki da ba a so. Elizabeth ta sha abin sha a kan shawarar mahaifiyarta.

Tait ya ki bayyana ainihin mahaifin yaron kuma daga baya aka zarge shi da "neman duk hanyar da za a kashe, don kashe yaron a cikin ciki, cewa watakila ba za a bayyana ko wanene mahaifinsa ba, ko kuma yadda aka samu, ko ta hanyar zina ko dangi, ko kuma ta wata hanya ba bisa ka'ida ba. "

Ba da daɗewa ba bayan cinye cakuda, Elizabeth ta fara kumbura, kuma ba da daɗewa ga haka ita da yaron da ba a haifa ba sun mutu.

 Tsayawa da tambayoyi 
A lokacin tambayoyin, tambayoyin da suka jagoranci sun sa Tait ta furta cewa ta tuntubi Iblis a cikin aikata laifukanta, kuma ya umurce ta da yadda za a shirya duka abin sha masu kisa. A cewarta, Iblis ya bayyana mata a gida a matsayin mutum kuma ya yi jima'i da ita a gadonta. An yi zargin cewa ya dawo a ranar 11 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 1634, ya kama ta da gashi, kuma ya sanya mata alama da "nip" a gefen hagu.

Tait da farko ta isa tolbooth a ranar 18 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 1634, tana bayyana kanta a matsayin mai son kashe kansa kuma "mai damuwa da lamiri". [1][e] A karkashin tambayoyi na tilas, ta fadada ikirarin ta don hada da tuhumar kisan kai, maita, da zina.[1] Ta yarda cewa dangantakarta da mijinta na biyu, William Johnston, ta fara ne yayin da take da aure ga mijinta na farko: "kafin auren ta yi lalata da William Johnston na yanzu, kuma a lokacin auren ta yi zina da shi. "[2][3]￼

Tait ita ce kaɗai mayya da ake zargi a wannan lokacin wadda aka rubuta shari'arta a cikin bayanan kotun Haddington ta burgh. Yayin da take jiran shari'a, an ruwaito ta yi ƙoƙarin rataye kanta daga baya kuma ta yi ƙoƙarin yanke mata makogwaro da wuka. Ko da an ɗaure hannunta kuma an sanya ƙafafunta a cikin rumfuna, ta ci gaba da ƙoƙarin cutar da kanta ta hanyar buga kanta a bango da rumfuna.[1] A lokacin da take tsare, an ƙara zargin cewa ta yi yarjejeniya da Shaiɗan, wanda ya ziyarce ta a siffar baƙar fata, kuma a wasu lokutan, a matsayin iska, wanda aka ce ta yi jima'i da shi.[2]

 Shari'ar 
An yi shari'ar Tait ne a ranar 6 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1635. 

A lokacin shari'ar, mai gabatar da kara ya tambayi ko tana so ta kira wani don yin magana a kare ta. Tait ta ki amincewa, an ruwaito ta amsa cewa tana son "nan [babu] amma Allah a cikin nauyi".  An same ta da laifi kuma an yanke mata hukuncin kisa. 

 Mutuwa 
Anna Tait ta mutu "a cikin fidda rai, ba tare da sulhu da al'ummarta da Allah ba".

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba