Gorse a New Zealand

An gabatar da Gorse (Ulex europaeus) zuwa New Zealand a farkon matakan zama na Turai. Yanzu ya zama babban nau'in tsiro mai mamayewa tare da kashe miliyoyin daloli akan sarrafa shi.

 Gabatarwa ga New Zealand 
An gabatar da shi daga Yammacin Turai a farkon matakan zama na Turai, Charles Darwin ne ya rubuta shi yayin tafiya ta cikin ruwan New Zealand a 1835 yayin da yake girma a cikin shinge a cikin Bay of Islands.  Yaduwarta da ci gabanta a matsayin sako a cikin yanayin yanayi na New Zealand yana da sauri, amma mazauna sun kasa gane barazanar; An ci gaba da shigo da iri na goro kuma da gangan aka kafa shuka a cikin 1900s.

 Amfani da shi 
An yi amfani da Gorse don shinge da iska a kan Filayen Canterbury tun daga shekarun 1850. Wadannan iska suna da jimlar tsawon kilomita 300,000.
An gano Gassan don samar da gandun daji mai amfani ga yawancin nau'ikan halitta don sabuntawar daji. Lokacin matasa, gorse bushes suna da yawa sosai. Yayin da suke girma, suna zama 'ƙafa', kuma suna ba da kyakkyawan yanayi don 'ya'yan asali su yi girma da girma. Tsire-tsire na cikin gida suna girma ta cikin goro, suna yanke haskensa kuma a ƙarshe ya maye gurbinsa. Wannan dabarar tana aiki cikin nasara kuma cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci a Hinewai Reserve akan Bankunan Bankunan.

 Matsalolin 
Gabatarwar ta haifar da yaduwar cututtuka a kan daruruwan hekta, wanda ya kai kololuwa a ƙarshen shekarun 1940. An gane shi a matsayin barazana tun farkon 1861 tare da Majalisar Lardin a Nelson ta zartar da wani aiki don hana dasa shuke-shuke na gorse. Iri na iya kwance a ƙasa har zuwa shekaru 50, yana tsiro da sauri bayan an cire manya. Abin takaici, yawancin hanyoyin cire tsire-tsire masu tsayi, kamar ƙonewa ko bulldozing su, suna haifar da yanayi mai kyau ga tsaba na gorse don tsirowa kuma kawar da duka tare da fasahar yanzu ba zai yiwu ba. Gorse yanzu yana daya daga cikin sanannun ciyawa a New Zealand. Ya mamaye hekta 700,000 (1,700,000 acres) a wurare daban-daban - jimlar 5% na yankin ƙasar New Zealand lokacin da ba a haɗa da gandun daji na asali, yankunan sub-alpine da alpine ba. Gorse ya zama ciyawa mafi tsada a New Zealand don sarrafawa, kimanin dala miliyan 22 a kowace shekara a farkon shekarun 1980.

 Kula da kwayoyin halitta 
Yankunan bincike na yanzu sune gudanar da ayyukan sarrafawa, ci gaban maganin rigakafi, da kuma amfani da samfurin.

An bincika Kula da cututtukan halittu na gorse tun daga shekarun 1920. An saki jami'ai daban-daban guda bakwai a New Zealand. Sakamakon an gauraye su, amma gabaɗaya babu mai ciyar da iri ko kwari masu ciyar da ganye da ke yin isasshen lalacewa don zama mai yiwuwa a matsayin mai kula da kansa.

 Dubi kuma 

 Aikin noma a New Zealand
 Karewa a New Zealand
 Magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta a New Zealand

 Bayanan da aka ambata 

 Haɗin waje 

 Ulex europaeus a Cibiyar Kula da Noma ta Royal New Zealand