Yin farautar Rhino a Assam

Farautar karkanda a Assam haramun ne na kai hari kan karkanda a yankin Assam na Indiya. Farautar karkanda na ɗaya daga cikin manyan lamuran muhalli a Indiya wanda ke ci gaba a yankin Kaziranga National Park, Manas National Park, da kuma wasu ciyayi na Assam. Rhinos na Indiya sun mamaye mafi yawan filayen ambaliya na kogin Indogangetic da Brahmaputra da tsaunin makwabta.

 Tarihi 
Yin farautar wasanni ya zama ruwan dare a ƙarshen 1800s da farkon 1900s. An farautar rhinos na Indiya ba tare da jinkiri ba kuma suna ci gaba. Rahotanni daga tsakiyar karni na 19 sun yi iƙirarin cewa wasu jami'an soja a Assam da kansu sun harbe fiye da 200 rhinos. A shekara ta 1908, yawan jama'a a Kaziranga ya ragu zuwa kusan mutane 12. A farkon shekarun 1900, jinsin sun ƙi zuwa kusan halaka.

Farautar ƙahon karkanda ya zama dalili ɗaya mafi mahimmanci na raguwar karkanda na Indiya bayan da aka aiwatar da matakan kiyayewa daga farkon ƙarni na 20, lokacin da aka kawo ƙarshen farautar doka. Daga 1980 zuwa 1993, an fara farautar karkanda 692 a Indiya. A yankin Laochowa na kasar Indiya an kashe karkanda 41 a shekarar 1983, kusan daukacin mazauna wurin. A tsakiyar shekarun 1990s, farauta ta sa jinsin ya ƙare a can.

 Hanyoyin farauta 
An rubuta hanyoyi biyar na kashe rhinos: 

 Yin harbi shine hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita; 'yan kasuwa na ƙaho na rhino suna hayar masu harbi kuma galibi suna ba su bindigogi da takobi.
 Yin kamawa a cikin rami ya dogara da ƙasa da kuma kasancewar ciyawa don rufe shi; ana tono ramuka ta hanyar da dabba da ta fadi ba ta da damar yin aiki tare da kansa dan kadan sama da rami, don haka yana da sauƙin cirewa daga ƙaho.
 Ana amfani da wutar lantarki inda manyan layin wutar lantarki suka wuce ta ko kusa da wani yanki mai kariya, wanda masu farauta ke ratsa sandar da aka haɗa da waya, wanda aka dakatar da shi sama da hanyar rhino.
 Guba ta hanyar shafa guba ta zinc phosphide ko Magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta a kan gishiri da rhinos ke amfani da shi akai-akai.
 Tare da igiya, wanda ke yanke cikin fata na rhino kuma ya kashe shi ta hanyar maƙurewa.

 Dalilan da suka sa 
Sana'ar kahon karkanda ba bisa ka'ida ba ita ce babbar matsalar da manajojin yankunan da ke yankin Assam ke karewa. Bisa ga binciken da Traffic (shirin kiyayewa) da Asusun Duniya na Duniya ya nuna, wasu masu siyan Vietnamese sun yi imanin ƙaho zai zama maganin ciwon daji idan aka niƙa shi da foda mai kyau. A cewar wani bincike da Asusun Duniya na Duniya ya gudanar a Afirka ta Kudu, masu hannu da shuni a Vietnam sun ajiye shi a matsayin maganin "kwantar da hankali".

A cikin 1993, an cire ƙahon karkanda daga jerin sunayen magungunan gargajiya na kasar Sin. Yanzu ana sayar da shi ne kawai a Vietnam sakamakon jita-jita da ba ta da tabbas cewa ƙaho ya warkar da wani babban jami'i a Vietnam daga cutar kansa.

 Kididdiga 
Tebur mai zuwa yana nuna lambobin rhino da aka kama a Assam tun 1962: 
ShekaraKazirangaManasOrangesPobitoraLaokhowaSauran yankuna a AssamShekara-shekara Jimillar19621 - - - - -119631 - - - - -119640 - - - - -01965181 - - - -19196660 - - - -61967120 - - - -12196890 - - - -9196980 - - - -8197020 - - - -2197181 - - - -9197200 - - - -0197330 - - - -3197430 - - - -3197550 - - - -5197614 - - - -5197700 - - - -0197851 - - - -6197925206015198011030131819812422064381982251505844198337340417921984284340645198544182015619864513004521987237420743198824154194419894463338641990352020645199123311012919924911230267199340221403681994???4??141995???2??271996???5??261997???3??1219988??4??1219994??6??10200014??2??1520019?????1020025?????620036?????820045?????5200512?????1520066?????92007??????202008??????162009??????142010??????182011??????82012??????262013??????282014353????3820153?????32016191????20

 Matakan rigakafi da Gwamnati ta dauka 

 Rhinos da ke fitar da su 
Ma'aikatar gandun daji ta Assam ta dauki shawarar cire rhinoceres don ceton shi daga masu farauta a watan Fabrairun 2014. Gwamnatin Assam ta kuma yi kira ga ra'ayin jama'a da wani kwamiti karkashin jagorancin Babban Babban Jami'in kula da gandun daji (Namun daji) zai iya yanke shawara. Yawancin masana muhalli da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu sun yi adawa da shawarar. Shirin bai yi nasara ba.

 Dubi kuma 

 Yin farautar Rhino a Kudancin Afirka

 Bayanan da aka ambata