Agnes Sampson

Agnes Sampson (ta mutu a ranar 28 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1591)  ta kasance mai warkarwa ta Scotland kuma mai suna maƙaryaci. Har ila yau an san shi da "Matar Keith mai hikima",  an kashe Sampson a lokacin gwajin mayu na Arewacin Berwick a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata na karni na 16. 

 Tarihi 
Sampson ya zauna a Nether Keith, wani ɓangare na barony na Keith Marischal, East Lothian, Scotland .  An dauke ta da ikon warkarwa kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin mai juna biyu. Shari'ar da aka yi mata ta nuna cewa ita gwauruwa ce mai talauci, tare da yara.  

A cikin bazara na shekara ta 1590, James VI ya dawo daga Copenhagen bayan ya auri Anne ta Denmark, 'yar Sarkin Denmark-Norway. Kotun Danish a wannan lokacin ta damu sosai da maita da zane-zane, kuma wannan dole ne ya burge Sarki James. Tafiyar dawowa daga Denmark ta sha wahala daga hadari. A cikin watanni masu zuwa farautar maƙaryaci ya fara a Denmark, gwajin maƙaryacin Copenhagen, wanda Admiral Peder Munk na Denmark ya fara. Ɗaya daga cikin wadanda aka kashe shi ne Anna Koldings, wanda ya ba da sunayen mata biyar, gami da Malin, wanda ya auri burgomaster na Helsingor. Matan sun furta cewa suna da laifin maita a cikin tayar da guguwa wanda ya yi barazanar tafiyar Anne na Denmark, kuma ya aika da aljanu su hau kan keel na jirgin ta. A watan Satumbar 1590 an ƙone mata biyu a matsayin mayu a Kronborg .  James ya yanke shawarar kafa kotunsa a Scotland.

Labarin kamawa, fitina, da ikirarin Agnes Sampson da sauran da ake zargi da maita an san su ne daga sassan da aka samu a cikin wata takarda da aka buga a London a cikin 1591, Newes daga Scotland, da kuma daga haruffa na zamani da bayanan shari'a.

Masanin tarihi Edward J. Cowan ya yi jayayya cewa wani labari da aka fada game da ita, wanda James Melville na Halhill ya rubuta, game da karbar kyautar hoto na James VI daga Iblis a madadin Francis Stewart, 5th Earl na Bothwell bai dace da shaidar lokaci ba. An ce wannan abin da ya faru ya faru ne a bakin teku a Morrison's Haven kusa da Prestongrange .  An ce Iblis ya bayyana a Aitchison's Haven, kamar yadda ake kira shi a lokacin, a cikin "kamar wani Black man". An ce Agnes Sampson ta yi hoton sarki don Iblis ya yi sihiri don haifar da mutuwar Sarki James.

 Kamawa da azabtarwa 
A cikin kaka na shekara ta 1590 Scotland ta cika da farautar mayu kuma da yawa daga cikin wadanda aka aika zuwa shari'a Sarki da kansa ya yi musu tambayoyi. Gillis Duncan ne ya zargi Agnes Sampson, ya kama shi tare da wasu kuma ya yi tambaya game da rawar da ta taka a cikin guguwar. An azabtarwa da ita kuma ta furta bayan an aske jikinta kuma an bincika al'aikatarta  don bayyana "alama ta sirri" ko alamar mayu. An bayyana waɗannan ayyukan a cikin littafin London na 1591 Newes from Scotland: 

 Hawan guguwa da iska mai saurin 
A cewar Newes daga Scotland, Agnes Sampson ta furta cewa ta haifar da guguwar da ta nutsar da Jane Kennedy a ranar 7 ga Satumba 1589 lokacin da jiragen ruwa suka yi karo a lokacin guguwa ta kwatsam a kan Forth. Ta yi kyau ta hanyar nutsewar wani mamaci, wanda sahabbansa suka haɗa da sassan mamaci, a cikin teku kusa da Leith. Wannan kyakkyawa ta haifar da guguwa da tasirin yanayi wanda ya yi barazanar sarki a kan tafiyarsa ta dawowa daga Denmark a cikin 1590. 

Agnes Sampson ta yi amfani da kalmar nan "iska mai saurin iska", kuma wannan yana bayyana akai-akai a cikin wasiƙu na zamani da ke kwatanta tafiye-tafiye, amma Agnes Sampson ya yi amfani da shi a ma'ana ta musamman.Willumsen, Liv Helene (1 December 2020). "Witchcraft against Royal Danish Ships in 1589 and the Transnational Transfer of Ideas". International Review of Scottish Studies. 45: 54–99. doi:10.21083/irss.v45i0.5801. hdl:10037/20205. S2CID 229451135. Retrieved 14 April 2023 – via www.irss.uoguelph.ca. Ta ce jirgin sarki ya sami "iska da ta saba wa sauran jiragen ruwa, sannan yana cikin kamfaninsa, abin da ya fi ban mamaki da gaskiya, kamar yadda Mai Girma ya yarda, domin lokacin da sauran jiragen suna da iska mai kyau da mai kyau, to iska ce ta saba da Mai Girma". Sauran rundunonin sun sami damar tafiya a gaba, yayin da jirgin sarki kadai ya kwantar da hankali ko kuma ya koma baya.

Wannan alama ce ta abin da ya faru a cikin tarihin David Moysie. Lokacin da James VI ya tashi zuwa Norway an kori jirginsa zuwa St Monans a Fife .  Wannan yanayin yanayi watakila ba sabon abu ba ne a cikin Forth, a watan Mayu na shekara ta 1583 wani jirgin ruwa na James Gourlay dauke da Manningville, jakadan Faransa, an kore shi zuwa Burntisland ta hanyar "iska mai sabawa".

 Sampson da jakadan Ingila 
Jakadan Ingila Robert Bowes ya rubuta a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1590 cewa Sampson ya furta wa Sarki da kansa, kuma ya ambaci yunkurin samun rigar sarki ko wasu lilin na mutum don yin aiki da kyau.[1] A ranar 27 ga watan Janairu ta furta cewa Iblis ya ba da gudummawa don taimaka mata da 'ya'yanta saboda ita gwauruwa ce matalauciya. Iblis ya bayyana a gare ta a matsayin baƙar fata, kare, ko hay rick. Ta halarci gidan maƙaryaci a Arewacin Berwick tare da surukinta. Sun tattara ƙasusuwa kuma sun ƙura su don kyawawan halaye don maganin ciwon haihuwa.￼

Sampson ya ce Robert Bowes "wani ɗan baƙar fata ne mai ƙiba tare da baƙar gashi", wanda ya ba da zinariya da ake zargi a cikin ɗaki yayin da James VI yake Denmark don yin kwarkwasa tare da toad don cutar da sarki kuma ya sa shi ba shi da haihuwa. Bowes ya lura cewa wannan bayanin kansa ba daidai ba ne. Sampson ta ce ta yi hoton surukinta ga wata mace da ta koka game da halinsa.

 Sampson da Sarki James ya yi tambaya 
A cewar Newes daga Scotland, James VI ya yi hira da Agnes Sampson, wanda ya yi shakku game da kayan da ke cikin ikirarin, kuma ta gaya masa abubuwa game da tattaunawar da ya yi a daren bikin aurensa da Anne na Denmark a Oslo, wanda ba za ta iya sani ba:

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba