Ci gaba da aikin gona a arewacin Najeriya

Rashin dorewar aikin gona a Arewacin Najeriya yana buƙatar sassauci a cikin kula da muhalli da kuma ayyukan tattalin arziki. Yawan jama'a na yankunan karkara a wannan yankin ya hau daga mutane 243 zuwa 348 a kowace murabba'in kilomita tsakanin 1962 da 1991, amma yankin ƙasar da ke ƙarƙashin noma na dindindin ya kasance kusan iri ɗaya. Ƙarin yawan jama'a yana haifar da buƙatun abinci mai yawa tsakanin mazauna birane da ƙauyuka, yankunan noma, da rage yawan amfanin ƙasa. Koyaya, akwai lokuta inda ayyukan noma na yau da kullun ba su da alaƙa da lalacewa kamar a Kano da yankin makwabta. Kodayake talauci da rashin isasshen abinci sun wanzu a yankin, ba ya shafar amfanin gona saboda ci gaba da ƙoƙari na samar da abinci don amsawa ga babban buƙata.

 Gabatarwa 
Saboda yanayin zamantakewa da muhalli a arewacin Najeriya, sassauci na gudanar da muhallar muhalli da ayyukan tattalin arziki sune muhimman abubuwan da ke tattare da kowane dabarun aikin gona da yankunan karkara a yankin. Sau da yawa ana jayayya cewa manoman Afirka ba su yi nasara ba wajen kara aikin gona ta hanyar amfani da hanyar da ke da dorewar muhalli da kuma tattalin arziki. Shuke-shuke na arewacin Najeriya galibi suna da iyaka ko gajeren ciyawa Savannah  (duba Hoto 1), kuma wannan yankin yana da yanayin zafi tare da ruwan sama na yanayi da kuma lokacin bushewa. Draper, Dianne, and Maureen G. Reed. Our Environment: A Canadian Perspective. United States: Nelson Education Ltd., 2009. Matsin karuwar yawan jama'a (duba Hoto na 2) an fahimci shi don haifar da karuwar buƙatun abinci daga masu amfani da birane da manoma na karkara, fadada wuraren noma, rage lokacin da ba a noma ba tare da rashin shigarwa da ake buƙata don ramawa kuma a sakamakon haka rage yawan amfanin ƙasa. Wannan yana nufin cewa yawan amfanin ga kowane mutum da kuma yawan Amfanin gona zai ragu kuma abinci zai zama da wuya, musamman ga waɗanda ke cikin yankunan karkara. Koyaya, karuwar yawan jama'a na iya samun tasiri mai kyau maimakon mummunan sakamako ga tattalin arziki da muhalli. Nazarin da aka gudanar a yankin Kano Close-Settled Zone da yankin da ke kewaye da shi   ya nuna cewa a wasu wurare, a wasu lokuta, karuwar ayyukan noma na iya faruwa ba tare da lalacewa. da ke tattare da shi ba. Duk da yake akwai talauci a yankin, da kuma mutanen da ba su da isasshen abinci, ba ya bayyana a matsayin raguwar amfanin gona. Maimakon haka, shaidu sun nuna cewa an yi ƙoƙari mai ɗorewa don ƙara samar da abinci a ƙoƙarin ci gaba da buƙata mai ƙaruwa.

 Ƙasa ta yankin 
Ƙasa a yankin arewacin Najeriya an rarraba su a matsayin launin ruwan kasa ko launin ruwan kasa na Yankunan da ba su da ruwa. An kuma san su da Ƙasa ta Ferruginous ta wurare masu zafi kuma ana ɗaukar su a matsayin kwatankwacin Ferric Luvisols. Waɗannan ƙasa ce mai yashi wanda ya ƙunshi kusan kashi 85% yashi. Darajar pH ɗin su ke tsakanin 6.0 da 7.0 kuma yawan su kusan 1.4 g / cm3 ne.

Ƙasa a mafi yawan sassan arewacin Najeriya ita ce Sandy da ke da ƙarancin ƙarfin riƙe ruwa. Sai dai ƙasa a Kebbi, Sokoto, Zamfara da Adamawa da aka sani da ƙasa ta fadama tare da babban abun ciki na ruwa da kwayoyin halitta. Yawancin ƙasa a arewa suna da wadataccen abun ciki na nitrogen phosphorus.

 Tsaro da sarrafa danshi na ƙasa 
Duk da yake akwai talauci a yankin, da kuma mutanen da ba su da isasshen abinci, ba ya bayyana a matsayin raguwar amfanin gona. Maimakon haka, shaidu sun nuna cewa an yi ƙoƙari mai ɗorewa don ƙara samar da abinci a ƙoƙarin ci gaba da buƙata mai ƙaruwa.

 Manazarta