Ashraf Marwan

Mohamed Ashraf Abu El Wafa Marwan,  known as Ashraf Marwan ( Arabic   ‎ Fabrairu 1944 - 27 ga Yuni 2007), jami'in Masar ne wanda ake zargin ya yi leken asiri ga hukumar leken asiri ta Isra'ila Mossad, kodayake tsohon shugaban Masar Hosni Mubarak daga baya ya musanta ikirarin. Wasu labaran sun yi zargin cewa ya yi aiki a matsayin wakili biyu ga Masar, yana ba da bayanai masu ɓatarwa ga Isra'ila.

Daga 1969 zuwa gaba, Marwan ya yi aiki a Ofishin Shugaban kasa, da farko a karkashin Gamal Abdel Nasser sannan kuma a matsayin mai taimakawa ga magajinsa, Anwar Sadat . A cikin jagorancin Yakin Yom Kippur a 1973, Marwan ya ba da bayani ga Isra'ila.

A cikin shekarun 1980s, Marwan ya koma Landan, inda ya zama dillalin makamai. Ya mutu a karkashin yanayi mai ban mamaki a ranar 27 ga Yuni, 2007, bayan ya fadi daga baranda na gidansa a London. Matarsa da dangi sun shaida cewa kafin mutuwarsa, ya nuna damuwa cewa ana bin sa.

 Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi 
An haifi Marwan a ranar 2 ga Fabrairu, 1944, a unguwar Manshiyat al-Bakri ta Alkahira, Misira .  Kakansa shi ne shugaban Kotunan Shari'a a Misira, kuma mahaifinsa, jami'in soja, ya kai matsayin babban janar a cikin Sojojin Masar, tare da aiki na karshe a matsayin mataimakin kwamandan Jamhuriyar Republican Guard. Mahaifiyar Marwan ta kasance daga cikin shahararrun dangin al-Fayyad.

Marwan ta kammala karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Kubri al-Quba a kan hanyar kimiyya. A shekara ta 1965, Marwan ya kammala karatu daga Jami'ar Alkahira, inda ya kasance wani ɓangare na shirin horar da jami'in soja; bayan kammala karatunsa tare da digiri a fannin injiniyan sinadarai, ya fara aiki a Masana'antar soja ta Masar tare da matsayi na biyu.  A wannan shekarar, yana da shekaru 21, ya sadu da Mona Nasser, 'yar shugaban kasa ta biyu, wacce ke da shekaru 17 a lokacin, a Heliopolis Sporting Club .  Ta fada cikin soyayya da shi, amma mahaifinta ya yi zargin cewa sha'awar Marwan ga 'yarsa ta samo asali ne daga matsayinta na siyasa fiye da kyawawan halayenta. Nasser ta amince da auren, wanda ya faru a watan Yulin 1966, a karkashin matsin lamba. : 15 

 Ayyuka 
Ayyukan Marwan a Ofishin Shugaban kasa sun dauki shekaru takwas (1968-1976). Kodayake yana da ƙaramin matsayi ne kawai a ƙarƙashin Nasser, shugaban kasa a wasu lokuta yana amfani da shi don ayyukan da suka dace, kamar kwantar da hankalin rikicin da ya ɓarke bayan murabus din Janar Saad el-Shazly daga sojoji don mayar da martani ga zaben abokin hamayyarsa a matsayin shugaban ma'aikata. 

 Jagora zuwa Yakin Larabawa da Isra'ila na 1973 
Masar ta fara shirya yaki don sake karbar Yankin Sinai, wanda ta rasa ga Isra'ila a lokacin Yaƙin Kwanaki shida a shekarar 1967. Marwan ya zama mai leken asiri ga Isra'ila, yana ba da ayyukansa a matsayin "tafiye-tafiye" ga Ofishin Jakadancin Isra'ila a London a shekarar 1969.  Da farko ya ƙi, leken asirin Isra'ila ya ɗauke shi a matsayin tushen a shekarar 1970. Mossad ta kira shi "maɓuɓɓugar" kuma ta ba shi sunayen Angel da Babylon.

Marwan ya ci gaba da samar da bayanai ga leken asirin Isra'ila a London bayan mutuwar Nasser da tashiwar Anwar Sadat . Coffey, Thomas G. (6 March 2017). "Review: The Angel: The Egyptian Spy Who Saved Israel" (PDF). Central Intelligence Agency Library. Intelligence in Public Media. Ya zama wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar Sadat ta ciki. Samun damar Marwan ga asirin da aka fi kiyayewa na kasarsa, musamman bayan da ya ci gaba a watan Mayu 1971, ya ba shi damar samar da bayanai game da Yakin Yom Kippur mai zuwa (1973), gami da cikakken bayani game da shirye-shiryen yaki da motsa jiki na soja na Masar, takardun asali na makamai na Masar da ke hulɗa da Tarayyar Soviet da sauran ƙasashe, Dokar Yakin Masar, minti daga tarurrukan babban kwamandan, asirin Sadat da sauran shugabannin Larabawa, har ma da minti na tarurrukan sirri a Moscow tsakanin Sadatzhat da shugaban Soviet Leon Breidnev. Bayanan da Marwan ya bayar sun kai ga teburin Firayim Ministan Isra'ila Golda Meir, Ministan Tsaro Moshe Dayan, da Shugaban Ma'aikatan Tsaro na Isra'ila Chaim Bar-Lev a cikin tsari mara kyau. : 74, 114 Meir ya raba bayanan sirri game da taron Sadat-Brezhnev tare da Shugaban Amurka Richard Nixon da babban mai ba shi shawara Henry Kissinger.  Duk da mahimman bayanai da Marwan ya bayar a cikin shekaru da yawa, wasu a cikin leken asiri na Isra'ila sun yi tambaya game da gaskiyar bayanan da ya bayar; Zvi Zamir, darektan Mossad, ya tabbatar da Meir cewa Marwan ya cancanci.
Rukuni:Matattun 2007
Rukuni:Haifaffun 1944
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