Babban Green Wall (Afirka)

Babban Green Wall ko Babban Green Wall na Sahara da Sahel (Faransa: Grande Muraille Verte pour le Sahara et le Sahel; Larabci: السور الأخضر العرية,  ) wani aikin ne da Tarayyar Afirka ta karɓa a cikin 2007, da farko an tsara shi azaman hanyar yaki da hamada a yankin Sahel da kuma hana fadada hamada Sahara, ta hanyar dasa bango na bishiyoyi da ke fadin Sahel daga Djibouti, Djiboute, Senegal. Girman asali na "bango" ya kasance 15 km (9 mi) fadi da 7,775 km (4,831 mi) tsawo, amma shirin ya fadada ya kunshi kasashe a arewa da yammacin Afirka. Manufar ta samo asali ne daga inganta dabarun girbi na ruwa, kariya ta kayan lambu da inganta dabarun amfani da ƙasa na asali, da nufin ƙirƙirar mosaic na kore da shimfidar wurare masu amfani a duk faɗin Arewacin Afirka. Daga baya ya karɓi ra'ayin cewa iyakokin hamada suna canzawa bisa ga bambancin ruwan sama.

 Tarihi 
A shekarun 1950, wani mai bincike ɗan Birtaniya Richard St. Barbe Baker ya yi wani balaguro a Sahara. A lokacin tafiyar St. Barbe  balaguron ya gabatar da shawarar "Green Front" don yin aiki a matsayin  ma'ajiyar bishiyoyi don hana hamada mai faɗaɗawa.  Wannan ra'ayin ya sake bayyana a shekarar 2002, a taron koli na musamman da aka gudanar a N'Djamena, babban birnin Chadi, a lokacin bikin Ranar Yaƙi da Hamada da Fari ta Duniya . [ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2 Taron Shugabanni da Shugabannin Ƙasashe na Ƙungiyar Kasashen Sahel da Sahara ne ya amince da shi a lokacin zaman taronsu na bakwai na yau da kullun da aka gudanar a Ouagadougou, babban birnin Burkina Faso, a ranakun 1-2 ga Yuni 2005. Tarayyar Afirka ta amince da shi a shekarar 2007 a matsayin Babban Bangon Kore ga Sahara da Shirin Sahel (GGWSSI).

 Ci gaba 
A watan Maris na shekara ta 2, an kammala kashi 15% na bango tare da gagarumin nasarorin da aka samu a Najeriya, Senegal da Habasha.  A Senegal, an dasa bishiyoyi sama da miliyan 11. Najeriya ta dawo da hekta miliyan 4.9 (12 miliyan acre; 49,000 km2) na ƙasar da ta lalace kuma Habasha ta dawo da ha miliyan 15 (37 miliyan acre) 150,000 km2).   

A lokacin bikin cika shekaru goma sha biyar da aka ƙaddamar da shirin, Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don Yaki da Yaki da Desertification (UNCCD) ta ba da rahoton kuma an buga shi a ranar 7 ga Satumba, 2020.  An ruwaito cewa Babban Green Wall ya rufe kashi 4% kawai na yankin da aka tsara, tare da hekta miliyan 4 kawai (acre miliyan 9.8) da aka dasa. Habasha ta sami nasara mafi girma tare da shuke-shuke biliyan 5.5 da aka shuka, amma Chadi ta shuka miliyan 1.1 kawai. An gabatar da shakku game da yawan tsira na bishiyoyi miliyan 12 da aka dasa a Senegal.

 Kulawa 
An gudanar da ƙananan saka idanu da adana rikodin, har ma da inda ayyukan suka faru.

Rikicin Sudan da Sudan ta Kudu sun kara rikitarwa. Tsuntsaye sun lalata ayyukan da yawa.

 Manazarta