Rikicin cikin gida a Iran

Rikicin cikin gida a Iran wani nau'i ne na tashin hankali da abokin tarayya ko abokan tarayya suka nuna akan wani abokin tarayya ko abokin tarayya a cikin abubuwan da ke cikin dangantaka ta kusa a Iran.

 Al'adun ƙasa da na siyasa 
A Iran, dangantakar cikin gida tsakanin ma'aurata tana ƙarƙashin ikon Ali F, wanda ke gina aure a matsayin ma'aikata inda miji ke da iko a kan matarsa. Mataki na 1105 ya karanta: "A cikin dangantakar da ke tsakanin miji da mata; matsayin shugaban iyali shine haƙƙin mijin". Mijin ya tilasta kula da matarsa, amma wannan wajibi ya daina wanzuwa idan matar ba ta yi aikinta ba: Mataki na 1108 ya ce: "Idan matar ta ki cika ayyukan matar ba tare da uzuri ba, ba za ta sami damar biyan kuɗin kulawa ba".

Yanayin tashin hankali na cikin gida yana da rikitarwa ta hanyar al'adun ƙasa da kuma ikon da ke tallafawa iko, zalunci da tashin hankali ga mata. "Gwamnati tana yin hakan ta hanyar inganta ra'ayoyin masu tsatstsauran ra'ayi na mata a matsayin dukiyar maza. Tana yin hakan ta wurin kafa tsarin shari'a mara daidaituwa kuma ba ta hukunta hari ba koda kuwa ya haifar da mummunan rauni ko, a wasu lokuta, har ma da mutuwa. Tattaunawar tashin hankali na gida ba za ta iya zama kawai a cikin gida ba amma ta fara ɗaukar siffar tashin hankali na tsari ba, wanda al'ada ta haifar da addini, wanda aka karfafa shi da ikon mulki, kuma ta hanyar talauci da jahilci. "

A cikin zuciyar batun shine imani, wanda ya samo asali daga doka ta kowa, cewa maza suna da alhakin al'amuran gidajensu, musamman ma yadda ake bi da danginsu, kuma bai kamata gwamnati ta shiga tsakani ba.

'yan mata na Iran sun yi imanin cewa dole ne a ci gaba da bincike kan batutuwan mata tunda mata da yawa suna fuskantar tashin hankali na gida a Iran. "Masu ilimi na addini sun amsa ta hanyar shiga cikin bincike mai ban sha'awa game da yadda Tambayar mace ke gabatar da kanta a cikin mahallin Iran. Ya zuwa yanzu, bincikensu ya kasa la'akari da tasirin jinsi na gwagwarmayar da ke tattare da mulkin mallaka da ikon gargajiya. Koyaya, ma'amala mai ƙarfi na aikin sake fasalin tare da buƙatu da burin bangarori daban-daban na rayuwar jama'a ta Iran ba za su bari batun ya huta a nan ba. "

An yi wasu matsin lamba ga kokarin mata don rage tashin hankali na cikin gida a Iran ta wasu masu ra'ayin mazan jiya na al'ummar Iran. Misali, shugaban Basij na mata, Minu Aslani, ya yi tsayayya da kokarin yaki da cin zarafin gida a Iran, saboda ta ji cewa yana barazana ga dabi'un gargajiya na Iran. Mutane da yawa a cikin matsayi na iko suna da irin wannan ra'ayi, suna kallon kokarin mata don cimma daidaiton jinsi a matsayin barazana ga ka'idodin Islama.

 Sakamakon cin zarafin gida a Iran 
A cikin labarinsa "'Tashin hankali na gida game da mata marasa aure da mata masu aure a cikin al'ummar Iran", Azad Moradian' ya nakalto wata sanarwa ta hadin gwiwa ta kasa game da yanayin tashin hankali na gida:

 "Census Bauru a Iran, wata hukuma ce ta gwamnati, ta hana kungiyoyin kasa da kasa yin nazarin tashin hankali na gida a Iran kuma ba ta taɓa gudanar da nasu binciken tashin hankali a kan mata ba".

An ambaci yaduwar tashin hankali na gida a matsayin dalilin yawan Kashe kansa, galibi ta hanyar cinye kansa, tsakanin matan Kurdawa a Iran.

 Nazarin Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya 
Binciken Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) a Babol ya gano cewa a cikin shekarar da ta gabata, an yi wa mata cin zarafi, an yi musu cin zarafin jima'i da kashi 42.4% kuma mazajensu sun yi musu cin hanci da rashawa (zuwa digiri daban-daban), suna zargin karamin kudin shiga, ƙuruciya, rashin aikin yi da karancin ilimi.

 Nazarin tashin hankali na cikin gida na 2004 
A shekara ta 2004, Dokta Ghazi Tabatabaei, sanannen Masanin ilimin zamantakewa na Iran, ya jagoranci binciken tashin hankali na cikin gida don aikin hadin gwiwa da Cibiyar Mata don Ba da Shawara ga Shugaban kasa, Ma'aikatar Ilimi Mafi Girma da Ma'aikatu ta Cikin Gida suka gudanar. Sauran sanannun malamai, masu sana'a, masu ilimin halayyar dan adam da masu gurguzu sun shiga cikin binciken manyan biranen larduna 28 na Iran wanda ya haifar bayan shekaru da yawa a cikin sakamakon 32. Binciken da aka samu daga tambayoyin sun hada da wadannan fannoni na mayar da hankali: tashin hankali ga mata da yara, aure da sake aure, saki, tasirin ilimi da aiki kan tashin hankali da batutuwan iyali.

Binciken da aka samu na 32 yana samuwa ne kawai ga malamai da masu bincike a Cibiyar Bincike a Tehran kuma an raba su tare da 'yan majalisa da hukumomin gwamnati. Nazarin Iran, ƙasa daban-daban na kabilanci da al'adu da yawa, ya haifar da sakamako daban-daban ta lardin, kuma musamman daban-daban da mata ke zaune daga Tehran, babban birnin Iran. Ana iya danganta wannan ga rashin ilimi mafi girma, tattalin arziki, da mamayar addini.

 Kashi 53% na mata masu aure a Iran suna fuskantar wani nau'i na tashin hankali na gida a cikin shekara ta farko ta aurensu, ko dai daga mazajensu ko kuma daga surukansu.
 Dukkanin matan da suka yi aure wadanda suka halarci wannan binciken a Iran sun fuskanci kashi 7.4% na nau'ikan cin zarafi 9.
 Yawancin yara a cikin iyali, yiwuwar tashin hankali na gida zai faru ga mata.
 9.63% na mata a cikin binciken sun ba da rahoton cewa suna fatan mazajensu za su mutu, sakamakon cin zarafin da suka fuskanta.

+9 Manyan nau'o'in tashin hankali na cikin gida Babban nau'in cin zarafiKididdigaBayaniRashin amfani da maganganuBa a bayar da shi a cikin labarin ba.Cin zarafin jiki8.37% na mata masu aure a cikin binciken sun ba da rahoton cewa sun fuskanci mummunar cin zarafin jiki.Cin zarafin motsin raiKashi 52% na matan da suka yi aure a cikin binciken sun ba da rahoton cewa sun fuskanci cin zarafin motsin rai.Cin zarafin tattalin arziki, kamar: ƙin haƙƙinta na samun aiki, ƙuntata damarta, karɓar kuɗin shiga, ƙuntatawa alawusBa a bayar da shi a cikin labarin ba.Cin zarafin doka, alal misali: miji yana da haƙƙin doka a Iran don karɓar cikakken haƙƙin matarsa, ta hanyar hana ta tafiya, da fita daga gidanBa a bayar da shi a cikin labarin ba.Cin zarafin ilimi: ƙuntata haƙƙin zuwa makaranta7.27% na mata masu aure a cikin binciken sun ba da rahoton cewa sun sami ƙuntatawa na ilimi da aiki.Mata da ke da ilimi mafi girma kuma mata masu aiki suna fuskantar ƙananan tashin hankali na gida.Rashin kulawa ta hanyar ƙuntata abinci ko rashin ciyarwa / samar da iyali yadda ya kamataBa a bayar da shi a cikin labarin ba.Cin zarafin jima'i, gami da fyade a aure, tilasta ciki, tilasta zubar da ciki, ƙuntata damar matar samun kiwon lafiya da hana haihuwa.2.10% na mata masu aure a cikin binciken sun ba da rahoton cewa sun fuskanci cin zarafin jima'i; duk da haka, wannan adadi na iya kasancewa da mummunan rahoto saboda haramtacciyar da ke kewaye da batun. Daga cikin matan da suka bayar da rahoton cin zarafin jima'i, kashi 5.2% sun bayar da rahoton zubar da ciki saboda mummunan duka da mijinta ya yi.Kashewa da girmamawa, kisan kai, da Kisan mata5.23% na mata masu aure a cikin binciken sun ba da rahoton cewa sun fuskanci tashin hankali kusa da mutuwa ko kuma sun ji tsoron rayukansu saboda tashin hankali na gida.Shugaban 'yan sanda a Iran ya bayyana cewa kashi 40% na dukkan kisan kai a Iran ya faru ne saboda tashin hankali na gida kuma kashi 50% na dukkan matan da aka kashe wani ne a cikin danginsu kuma galibi daga gidan matar ne.

 Ilimi da gwagwarmaya 
Tun daga shekara ta 1994, akwai adadi mai yawa na Masters' da PH. D rubutun da aka rubuta game da batutuwan mata saboda mata a ilimi mafi girma, gami da jami'o'i a Iran. Saboda takardun ba su iya haifar da canji ko ci gaba ba, jami'o'i da yawa yanzu suna hana maganganun da suka danganci batutuwan mata na Iran.

Moradian ya rubuta a shekara ta 2009 cewa "Kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam, Ƙungiyoyin adawa na siyasa / bil'adama da kungiyoyin kare hakkin mata sune kawai muryoyin da suka amince da wanzuwar wannan yaduwar abu a Iran kuma suka yi yaƙi don canje-canje a cikin doka da ilimi a cikin al'ummomi".

Ramezan Shojaei Kiyasari, Fatema Alia, mambobin Majalisar dokokin Iran, sun wakilci Iran a taron "Taron Yankin na Majalisar Dokokin Asiya" kan 'Kariya da amsawa ga tashin hankali ga mata da 'yan mata: Daga doka zuwa aiwatar da aiki' da aka gudanar a New Delhi, Indiya a cikin 2011. Misis Fatemeh Alia ta ba da sanarwar cewa an sanya sabbin dokoki da suka shafi cin zarafin mata a cikin ajanda na majalisar dokokin Iran.

 Dokoki 
Dokokin da ke akwai (Iranian Code of Criminal Procedure articles 42, 43, 66) sun yi niyyar hana tashin hankali ta hanyar satar mutane, cin zarafin mata masu juna biyu da kuma "laifuka game da hakkoki da alhakin cikin tsarin iyali", amma saboda al'adun al'adu da siyasa ba sa kare mata, gurfanar da masu cin zarafinsu kuma samar da sabis ga wadanda abin ya shafa.

 Dokokin da aka gabatar 
An sanya dokoki don inganta aiwatar da dokokin da ke akwai da kuma kare mata daga tashin hankali a kan ajanda a gaban Majalisar dokokin Iran a makon da ya ƙare 16 ga Satumba 2011, yana mai da hankali kan kariya da rigakafin tashin hankali a ga mata, gami da mayar da hankali kan fataucin mutane, inganta kariya da sabis ga wadanda aka yi wa zalunci, farfadowa (musamman game da cin zarafin gida) da kuma ingantaccen matakai don gudanar da tambayoyin mata masu laifi. Ɗaya daga cikin mabuɗin samun nasara mafi girma shine canza ra'ayoyin al'adun al'umma game da amfani da tashin hankali ga mata.[1]￼

 Dubi kuma 

 'Yancin Dan Adam a Iran

 Manazarta 

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