Rubutun Maghrebi

Rubutun Maghreb ko Rubutun Maghribi ko Rubutun Larabci na Maghrebe (Arabic) yana nufin dangin da ba su da alaƙa da rubutun Larabcin da suka bunkasa a Maghreb (Arewancin Afirka), al-Andalus (Iberia), da <i id="mwFg">Bilad as-Sudan</i> (Sahel na Yammacin Afirka). Rubutun Maghrebi an samo shi ne kai tsaye daga rubutun Kufic,    kuma an rubuta shi da al'ada tare da maɓallin maɓallin (), yana samar da layin ma da kauri. 

Rubutun <i id="mwLw">Za'a'<span about="#mwt47" class="nowrap" data-cx="[{&></i> da siffofin haruffa masu zagaye, siffofi masu tsawo, da kuma budewa na ƙarshe a ƙasa da layin tushe. Har ila yau, ya bambanta da rubutun Mashreqi a cikin bayanin haruffa faa' (Maghrebi; Mashreqi: ) da qāf (Maghribi; Mashriqi: ).   

Shekaru da yawa, an yi amfani da rubutun Maghrebi don rubuta rubuce-rubuce Larabci da yin rikodin wallafe-wallafen Andalusi da Maroko, ko a cikin Larabci na gargajiya, Larabci Maghrefi, ko yarukan Amazigh.

 Tarihi 

 Asalin 
Rubutun Larabci ya fara zuwa Maghreb tare da cin nasarar Islama (643-709).  Masu cin nasara, karkashin jagorancin Uqba ibn Nafi, sun yi amfani da rubutun Hijazi da Kufic, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin tsabar kudi da aka yi a 711 a ƙarƙashin Musa ibn Nusayr. Rubutun Maghrebi ya fito ne kai tsaye daga tsohuwar Rubutun Kufic wanda ya riga ya wuce al-khat al-mansub na Ibn Muqla (الخَطَنْسُوب) gyare-gyare na daidaitawa, wanda ya shafi rubutun Mashreqi.van de Boogert, N. (1989). "Some notes on Maghribi script" (PDF). Manuscripts of the Middle East. ISSN 0920-0401. OCLC 615561724. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-11-18. Retrieved 2007-06-16. Rubutun Larabci a cikin nau'in Kufic na Iraqi ya bazu daga cibiyoyin kamar Fes, Cordoba, da Qayrawan a duk yankin tare da Islama, yayin da aka yi nazarin Alkur'ani kuma aka rubuta shi. Qayrawani Kufic rubutun ya samo asali ne a cikin al-Qayrawan daga rubutun Kufic na Iraqi.

 Rubutun Afirka da Andalusi 
Da farko, akwai makarantu biyu na rubutun Maghrebi: rubutun Afirka (, ) da rubutun Andalusi (, al-khatt al-ʾandalusiyy).  Rubutun Afirka ya samo asali ne a Ifriqiya (Tunisia) daga Kufic na Iraqi ta hanyar Kufic na Qairawan .  Rubutun Andalusi ya samo asali ne a Iberia daga rubutun Kufic na Damascene tare da kafa jihar Umayyad ta biyu, wacce za ta zama Khalifancin Córdoba .  Rubutun Andalusi ya kasance na musamman ga haruffa masu zagaye, kamar yadda aka tabbatar a cikin littafin Al-Maqdisi na The Best Divisions in the Knowledge of the Regions .  Rubutun Afirka ya bazu a duk faɗin Maghreb kafin yaduwar rubutun Andalusi. Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun masu amfani da rubutun Larabci shine Salih ibn Tarif, shugaban Barghawata Confederacy kuma marubucin rubutun addini da aka sani da Alkur'ani na Salih . 

In A cikin  (, 'Yammacin Yamma', Morocco ta zamani), rubutun ya samo asali ne daga Kufic na Maghrawa da Bani Ifran a ƙarƙashin Daular Idrisid (788-974);  ya sami siffofin Mashreqi a ƙarƙashin Imam aIdris I, wanda ya zo daga Arabiya. Rubutun a ƙarƙashin Idrisids na asali ne kuma ba a yi masa ado ba; Kufic na Iraqi ne ya rinjayi shi, wanda aka yi amfani da shi a kan Idrisid dirham .  (, 

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