Anne Gunter

Anne Gunter (c.1584 - 16??) mace ce ta Ingila wacce aka yi zaton aljani ne ya mallake ta bayan da aka ce ta kawo fil daga ramuka da yawa. Zargin ya ja hankalin James I na Ingila. Mahaifinta, Brian Gunter, wanda a baya ya kashe 'ya'ya maza biyu na iyalin Gregory yayin wasan kwallon kafa ne ya goyi bayan lamarin. Gunter ya zargi mata uku, ciki har da Elizabeth Gregory, da maita a kan 'yarsa Anne. Kamfanin Star Chamber ne ya warware lamarin wanda ya gano cewa abin da take da shi shine kirkirar mahaifinta. An yi iƙirarin cewa mummunar Anne ita ce mafi kyawun shari'ar maita Ingilishi da aka rubuta.

 Rayuwa 
An yi wa Anne Gunter baftisma a shekara ta 1584 a Hungerford . Ita ce ta biyar kuma ƙarama ta Anne da Brian Gunter .  Mahaifinta shi ne shugaban majalisa a Arewacin Moreton wanda ya ji mummunan rauni ga 'yan wasa biyu mai suna John da Richard Gregory a lokacin wasan kwallon kafa a watan Mayu na shekara ta 1598. Yaƙi ya ɓarke tsakanin John Fields da Richard Gregory inda suka "kashe... sun faɗi tare da kunnuwa. " William Gunter, ɗan Brian na biyu, ya shiga tsakani kuma Richard da ɗan'uwansa John Gregory suka kai masa hari. Brian Gunter ya kai kan kafadu na mutanen da ke gwagwarmaya kuma, ya buge Gregorys biyu a kai da kumfa na wuka. Dukansu sun mutu "a cikin makonni biyu". Wannan mummunan lamari ya haifar da mummunan rikici tsakanin Gunters da Gregorys.

Anne ta fara rashin lafiya a lokacin rani na shekara ta 1604 kuma lokacin da cutar ta dawo a watan Oktoba na wannan shekarar an zargi cutar ta da maita. Ta bayar da rahoton alamomi da yawa ciki har da amai da fitsari. An ce ta haifar da fil a cikin amai, a cikin ruwanta, da kuma "sauka".Imogen Knox, 'Pin-Swallowing and Self-Destruction in Early Modern British and Irish Supernatural Narratives', Cultural and Social History, 20:4 (October 2023).  Ta ambaci mata uku a matsayin mayu: Agnes Pepwell, 'yarta Maryamu, da Elizabeth Gregory, matar manomi Walter Gregory kuma a kan asusun da yawa, mace mafi ban sha'awa a Arewacin Moreton. Agnes ta gudu amma an yi wa Maryamu da Elizabeth shari'a don maita a Abingdon a watan Maris na shekara ta 1605. Masana kimiyya sun binciki shari'ar Anne. Ɗan'uwanta a matsayin surukinsa shi ne Farfesa na Allahntaka Thomas Holland na Jami'ar Oxford kuma an kira shi Farfesa na magani Bartholomew Warner .  A ranar 1 ga Maris 1605, an yi wa Elizabeth Gregory da Mary Pepwell shari'a don maita amma ba a same su da laifi ba.

Brian Gunter bai gamsu da shari'ar ba kuma ya sami masu sauraro tare da Sarki lokacin da 'yarsa ta kasa samun sauki. Sarki James ya ga rawa. Ta gaya masa cewa likita ya taimaka mata da talisman, allon da ta sa a matsayin wuyan hannu. Sarki ya tura shari'ar ga, Richard Bancroft, Babban Bishop na Canterbury wanda ya ba da matsalar ga Samuel Harsnett. Harsnett ya yanke shawarar cewa babu shari'a.

A cikin 1606 Harsnett da Richard Neile, Dean na Westminster, kuma mai yiwuwa Bancroft sun fara shari'a a cikin Star Chamber mai tasiri a kan Anne da mahaifinta. An dauki shaidar daga aristocrat Sir Francis Stuart wanda ya ga Anne a cikin ta. Neile ya sami £ 300 don kawo shaidu zuwa kotun.

Dole ne Gunters su amsa zarge-zargen da ake yi na yin zarge-arge na maita. Surukinta, Thomas Holland, ya ki yarda cewa shaidan ya mallake ta kamar yadda mahaifinta ya ce. An ce Anne na iya karatu tare da idanunta rufe amma ta kasa nuna wannan iyawa. A karkashin jarrabawa Anne ta yarda cewa ra'ayin maita shine kirkirar mahaifinta. Ya yi fushi da iyalin Gregory kuma ya shawo kan 'yarsa ta yi amfani da alamun la'ana. Ya ba ta ruwa daban-daban don sha ciki har da cakuda jaka (ya'yan inabi) da man saladi (sallet), da kuma abin da aka bayyana a matsayin 'ruwa mai kore' ga 'yarsa don sa ta yi amai don ƙarawa ga shaidar da aka yi wa Elizabeth Gregory da abokan hulɗarta guda biyu.

An yi tunanin cewa shari'ar ta zama sananne saboda malamai da ke da hannu suna so su lalata waɗanda suka sami imani da mallaka na aljanu ta hanyar fitar da aljanu. Ba a san abin da ya faru da Gunters ba sakamakon shari'ar, kodayake mai yiwuwa ne cewa Anne, saboda an tilasta masa, an gafarta masa. Wannan da alama an tabbatar da shi, saboda James I ya rubuta a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1605, cewa Anne ta fada cikin soyayya da bawan Archbishop Bancroft, Asheley, kuma hakan ya kasance ma'ana. Ma'auratan sun shirya yin aure tare da albarkar sarauta da sadaki da sarki ya bayar.[1] An ce Anne tana gab da yin aure a shekara ta 1605 kuma mahaifinta ya mutu a Oxford a shekara ta 1628.[2]￼