James Stuart MacDonald

James Stuart MacDonald (28 Maris 1878) 12 ga Nuwamba 1952) ƙwararren mai fasaha ne ɗan ƙasar Australiya, mai sukar fasaha kuma Daraktan Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa na New South Wales daga 1929 zuwa 1937.Geoffrey Serle, 'MacDonald, James Stuart (Jimmy) (1878 – 1952)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 10, Melbourne University Press, 1986, pp 251-252.

 Rayuwa ta farko 
An haifi MacDonald a ranar 28 ga Maris, 1878 a Carlton, Melbourne, ɗan lauya Hector MacDonald da matarsa 'yar Amurka Anna Louisa, wacce aka haifa a Flett. Ya halarci Makarantar Sakandare ta Kew da Makarantar Grammar Hawthorn, amma ya gaza a karatunsa. Tun yana yaro, MacDonald ya haɗu da masu zane-zane da yawa ta hanyar alaƙar iyali, kuma a tsakiyar shekarun 1890, ya yi karatu a National Gallery of Victoria 's school. 

MacDonald ya bar Ostiraliya zuwa Landan a shekarar 1898 don halartar Makarantar Fasaha ta Westminster. Daga nan ya yi shekaru biyar a Paris inda ya halarci Académie Julian da Académie Colarossi. Ya baje kolin ayyukansa a Paris a Royal Academy of Arts da Old Salon. Ya koma Melbourne ya auri ɗalibar fasaha ta Amurka, Maud Keller, a ranar 4 ga Agusta, 1904. Sun ƙaura zuwa New York inda ya koyar da fasaha a wata makarantar sakandare har zuwa 1910. Da ya dawo Ostiraliya ya zana wasu hotuna da shimfidar wurare, sannan ya koma zane a cikin gawayi da kuma zane-zanen lithographic.

 Daraktan Gallery 
A watan Oktoban 1928, an naɗa MacDonald a matsayin darektan Gidan Tarihi na Fasaha na Ƙasa na New South Wales. A wannan matsayin ne ya sami suna wajen ra'ayin mazan jiya na fasaha, don haka ya yi daidai da masu kula da gidan tarihi. MacDonald ya gudanar da nune-nunen ayyukan Australiya fiye da yadda aka saba kuma ya ƙara bita da ɗakunan ajiya a cikin gidan tarihi. A shekarar 1936, ya yi nasarar neman zama darektan Gidan Tarihi na Ƙasa na Victoria. Dangantakarsa da amintattun ta yi tsami, musamman shugaban, Sir Keith Murdoch, wanda ya ƙi jinin hare-haren da ya kai wa fasahar zamani. A shekarar 1939, Jaridar The Herald ta shirya wani baje kolin zane-zane na Faransa da Ingilishi, wanda MacDonald ya bayyana a matsayin "zane-zane marasa kyau ... nama mara kyau ... samfurin lalatattun abubuwa da ƙazanta ... ƙazanta". [1] A shekarar 1940, amintattun sun ba da shawarar a hana sake naɗa shi kuma an kore shi a shekarar 1941.[2]

 Manazarta 

Category:Mutuwan  1952