Harsunan Edoid

Harsunan Edo wasu harsuna ne da ake magana a kudancin Najeriya. Ƙungiyoyin kabilun Edo galibi suna cikin Jihohin Edo da Delta duk da haka, ƙananan al'ummomin Edoid suna cikin jihohin Ondo, Bayelsa, da Rivers. Kalmar "Edoid" don ƙungiyar harshe ta samo asali ne daga memba mafi yawan magana, Edo, wanda ake magana da shi a Kudancin Edo. Harsunan Edoid gabaɗaya suna da kusan masu magana da firamare da sakandare miliyan 10.

 Rarraba 

 Elugbe (1989) 
Rarrabawar da ke biyowa ta dogara ne akan na Elugbe (1989). [1]

Ihievbe da Aduge ba a rarraba su a cikin rassan su ba.

 Lewis (2013) 
Wani madadin rarraba harsunan Edoid ta Lewis (2013:160): 

Nazarin Lewis  ingantaccen ci gaba ne akan rarrabawar Elugbe, yayin da aka gano wasu harsuna kuma aka rarraba su. Koyaya, ya watsar da Uvbie na reshen Edoid na Kudu maso Yamma (cf. Emoefe et al. (2017).  ) 

 Sunayen da wurare 
Da ke ƙasa akwai jerin sunayen harsuna, yawan jama'a, da wurare daga Blench (2019). 
HarsheOfishin resheRukuninHarsunaSauran rubutunSunan kansa don harsheSunayen da ke cikiSauran sunaye (bisa ga wuri) Sauran sunayen harsheSunan wajeMasu maganaWurin (s) DegemaDeltaAtala, ana magana da shi a garin Degema, da Usokun ana magana da su a Usokun-DegemaYa sauka da sauriAtala, Usokun (Udekama ba a ba da shawarar ba) 10,000 (SIL) Jihar Rivers, Degema LGAEngenniDeltaEdiro, Inedua, da Ogua; Zarama a Yenagoa LGARashin jituwa da kumaRuwa10,000 (1963); 20,000 (1980 UBS) Jihar Bayelsa, Yenagoa da Ahoada LGAs JiharJihar KogunaEpieDeltaƘungiyoyi biyu, Epie da Atiṣa aƙalla garuruwa uku: Agudiama, Akẹnfai, YẹneguẹEpie-Atissa, Epie-Atiṣa12,000 (SIL) Jihar Bayelsa, Yenagoa LGAƘungiyar Emai-Iuleha-OraArewa-TsakiyarEmai-Iuleha-OraIvhimion. Harsunan karya Ihievbe da Uokha an jera su a cikin Ethnologue (2009) KunibumIvbiosakonkimanin 100,000 fiye (1987 Schaefer) Jihar Edo, Owan, LGAEmaiArewa-TsakiyarEmai-Iuleha-Orakimanin 20-25,000 (1987 Schaefer) IulehaArewa-TsakiyarEmai-Iuleha-OraAomakimanin 50,000 (1987 Schaefer) OraArewa-TsakiyarEmai-Iuleha-Orakimanin 30,000 (1987 Schaefer) EsanArewa-TsakiyarHarsuna da yawaIshanKa yi fice183,000 (1952); 500,000 da aka kiyasta a 1963: Okojie & Ejele (1987) Jihar Bendel (yanzu Jihar Edo da Jihar Delta), Agbazilo, Okpebho, Owan da Etsako LGAsIkpeshiArewa-Tsakiyar1,826 (Bradbury 1957) Jihar Edo, Etsako LGAEtsakoArewa-TsakiyarAuchi, Uzairue, Kudancin Ivbie, Uwepa-Uwano, (Weppa-Wano), Avbianwu (Fugar), Avbiele, IvbiadaobiYẹkhee: ba duk masu magana da harshe ba ne suka gane wannan a matsayin sunan harshe.EtsakọIyẹkhee, Afenmai, Kukuruku (ba a ba da shawarar ba) 73,500 (1952), 150,000 (UBS 1987) Jihar Edo, Etsako, Agbako da Okpebho LGAsGhotuọArewa-TsakiyarOtwa, wani wuri9,000 (1952)Jihar Edo, Owan da Akoko-Edo LGAsTarin Ivbie na Arewa-Okpela-ArhẹArewa-TsakiyarIvbie Arewa-Okpela-Arhẹ14,500 (1952); mai yiwuwa 20,000 (1973 SIL) Jihar Edo, Etsako da Akoko-Nego LGAsIvbie ta ArewaArewa-TsakiyarIvbie Arewa-Okpela-ArhẹOkpelaArewa-TsakiyarIvbie Arewa-Okpela-ArhẹOkpella, UkpillaArhẹArewa-TsakiyarIvbie Arewa-Okpela-ArhẹA cikinta, A cikintaYẹkheeArewa-TsakiyarAuchi, Uzairue, Kudancin Ivbie, Uwepa-Uwano, (Weppa-Wano), Avbianwu (Fugar), Avbiele, IvbiadaobiYẹkhee: ba duk masu magana da harshe ba ne suka gane wannan a matsayin sunan harshe.Etsakọ: yaren ba shine kawai yaren da aka jera kamar yadda ake magana a cikin Etsako LGA ba.Iyẹkhee, Afenmai, Kukuruku (ba a ba da shawarar ba) 73,500 (1952), 150,000 (UBS 1987) Jihar Edo, Etsako, Agbako da Okpebho LGAsRuwaArewa-TsakiyarOvioba, OviedoBeninẸdo (B) 203,000 (1952), 1,000,000 (1987 UBS) Jihar Edo, Ovia, Oredo da Orhionmwon LGAsOsususArewa-Tsakiyar6,532 (1957 Bradbury) Jihar Edo, Akoko-Edo LGASasaru-Enwan-IgwẹArewa-TsakiyarEnwan, Igwẹ, Sasaru3,775 (1952)Jihar Edo, Akoko-Edo LGAUnẹmẹArewa-TsakiyarUleme, Ileme, Ineme6,000 (1952).Jihar Edo, Etsako, Agbazilo da Akoko-Edo LGAs. Uneme kungiya ce ta ma'aikata kuma suna zaune a warwatse tsakanin sauran kungiyoyin harsuna.UhamiArewa maso YammaIsua5,498 (1963)Jihar Ondo, Akoko-Kudanci da Owo LGAsUkueArewa maso YammaUkpe, Ẹkpenmi5,702 (1963)Jihar Ondo, Akoko ta Kudu LGAEhuẹunArewa maso YammaRubuce-rubuce da aka yi amfani da su5,766 (1963)Jihar Ondo, Akoko ta Kudu LGAIyayuArewa maso YammaIdoani9,979 (1963)Jihar Ondo, kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na garin IdoaniẸmhalhẹArewa maso YammaSomorika (Semolika) 249 a garin Semolina (Temple 1922) Jihar Edo, Akoko-Edo LGAOkpamheriArewa maso YammaỌkpamheri yana nufin 'mu ɗaya ne": Okulosho (Okurosho), Yammacin Okpamheri, Emhalhe (Emarle, Somorika, Semolika). Bambance-bambance.OpameriAduge (ya zama sunan gari) 18,136 (1957 Bradbury); 30,000 (1973 SIL) Jihar Edo, Akoko-Edo LGA, Jihar Kwara, Oyi LGAỌkpẹ-Idesa-AkukuArewa maso YammaYankin da aka yi amfani da shi a lokacin da aka yi la'akari da shiJihar Edo, Akoko-Edo LGAOlomaArewa maso Yamma353 (1957 Bradbury) Jihar Edo, Akoko-Edo LGAẸrụwaKudancin YammaErohwa, Erakwa, ArokwaJihar Delta, Isoko LGAIsokoKudancin Yammadaban-dabanIgabo, Sobo (duba kuma a ƙarƙashin Urhobo) Biotu (ba a ba da shawarar ba) Akalla 74,000 (1952 REB); 300,000 (1980 UBS) Jihar Delta, Isoko da Ndokwa LGAsKayan aikiKudancin YammaUkpɛ8,722 (1957 Bradbury) Jihar Delta, Okpe LGAUrhoboKudancin YammaHarsuna da yawa, Agbarho an yarda da su a matsayin misali. Okpe da Uvbiẹ, galibi ana ɗaukar su a matsayin yarukan Urhobo, ana bi da su a matsayin harsuna daban-daban (q.v.) a kan tushen harshe kawaiSobo (ba a ba da shawarar ba) (Dubi kuma Isoko) Biotu (Dubi kuma Isoko) akalla 173,000 (1952 REB); 340,000 (1973 SIL) Jihar Delta, Habasha da Ughelli LGAsUvbiẹKudancin YammaUvwie, Evrie, Uvhria, Effurum, Effurun, Evhro (ba a ba da shawarar ba) 6,000 (1952)Jihar Delta, Habasha LGAFonKudancinDahomeyGbe5,000,000 (1957 Bradbury) Jamhuriyar BeninEweGabashin GhanaTogoGbe10,000,000 (1957 Bradbury) Ghana da Togo

 Kalmomin kwatankwacin 
Misali na asali na asali don wasu harsunan Edoid na arewa daga Lewis (2013):
Harsheidokunnehancihakoraharshebakijinikasusuwaitaceruwacin abincisunanGhotuoɛ́óYammacin Yammaa cikinɛ̄kɔ̄ma'auniinda aka haɗaādɛ̄ūgūāɔkpótāAāmɛ̄IjeEvàSasarurestaurantYa yi amfani da shia cikinHallaka:UreyaUnuOuraUguáKa yi la'akari da shiAāmɛ̄RéʒíōvanaIkhinɛ́ɣóYa sami karbuwaYammaakáUwɛ́rɛ́A inaOuraIguwaYa kasance a cikinAlamarèmāèēèEVAArokhoɛ̄xōYana da kyaua cikinAākɔ̄ko kuma abin da ya faruinda aka haɗaOjjaUguwaUraiAāmɛ̄ÉmaēEvàMa'aikataɛ̄xōYa yi amfani da shia cikinYa kasance a cikinÓrɛ̄mìinda aka haɗaɛ́rèák͡pókàórà̃Aāmɛ̄EmiremiêːɲìIgwe (Sale) ɛ̄xōYa ce za a yia cikiAākɔ̄A cikin abin da ya faruA inaOuraigúáYana da yawaabin da ake kiraīdɛ̄rédaga cikinIgwe (Oke) ɛ́rōYa kamata a yi amfani da shia cikiɛ̄kōYa kamata a yi amfani da shiinda aka haɗaO'aɔ̄tɛ̄kūUkan SinoribAāmɛ̄An yi amfani da shihujjaAkeōk͡pɛxòexɔa cikinYa yi magana a kaiUre'smìinda aka haɗaHarshen ƙasaRashin saurinYa kasanceabin da ake kiraYa kasance a cikinya ceOkpujeɛ̄xōA ce: ta kasanceErùèAiki neYa ce za a iya yin hakaninda aka haɗaɛ̄rēák͡púkàÓraabin da ake kiraÉbaèēhīSobongidaɛ̄xōe̋ːxɔ̀ya kasanceākū̃Ya ce za a iya yin hakaninda aka haɗaɛ̄rēāk͡pôːkàÓraYa kasancea cikinRashin kunya

 Fasahar sauti 
An sake gina Proto-Edo kamar yadda yake da bambanci tsakanin ƙayyadaddun baki da hanci da wasula na baki da hanji na musamman ga yankin. Koyaya, a wasu harsunan Edoid an sake nazarin wasula na hanci a matsayin allophones na wasula na baki bayan wasula na haɗi, kuma a wasu an sake nazarin sassan hanci a cikin allophones of oral consonants kafin wasula na fuska, rage yawan sautin hanci. Urhobo yana riƙe da hanci uku, , kuma yana da ƙayyadaddun baki guda biyar tare da allophones na hanci, /__yue____yue____wue____yure____yue__, j, w/; a cikin Edo wannan an rage shi zuwa ƙayyadadden hanci guda ɗaya, , amma ƙarin ƙayyadamuran ƙayyadakkyawan ƙayyadamshi guda takwas tare da allófon hanci, -p, /p, b, b, t, d, k, ɡ, ɡb/; kuma a cikin Ukue babu ƙayyadamar ƙayyadayirekuna biyu kawai tare da ƙayyuwa da ƙayuwa da ƙayƙolin hanci guda biyu tare da ƙayi biyu tare da allofono:

 Dubi kuma 

 Jerin sake ginawa na Proto-Edoid (Wiktionary) 

 Bayani 

 Manazarta 

 Bayanan littattafai 

 Frank Kügler, Caroline Féry, Ruben Van De Vijver (2009) Bambanci da Girma a cikin Phonetics da PhonologyBambanci da Gradience a cikin Phonetics da Phonology
 Elugbe, Ben Ohiọmamhẹ. 1989a. "Edoid". A cikin Bendor-Samuel (Ed.), Harsunan Nijar-Congo . Lanham: Jaridar United Press ta Amurka . 291-304.
 Elugbe, Ben Ohiọmamhẹ. 1989b. Kwatanta Edoid: phonology da lexicon. Delta Series No. 6. Port Harcourt: Jami'ar Port Harcoort Press.
 [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] Jerin kalmomin Delta Edoid.

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