Madam d'Aulnoy

Marie-Catherine Le Jumel de Barneville, Baroness d'Aulnoy (1650/1651 - 14 Janairu 1705),  kuma aka sani da Countess d'Aulnoy, marubuciya Bafaranshiya ce wacce aka sani da tatsuniyoyi na adabi. Littafinta na 1697 "Contées Des Fairies" (Fairy-Tales) ya kirkiro sunan nau'in wallafe-wallafen kuma shine tatsuniya ta farko da ta nuna "Prince Charmant" ko Yarima Charming.

 Tarihin Rayuwa 

An haifi D'Aulnoy a Barneville-la-Bertran, a Normandy, a matsayin memba na dangin daraja na Le Jumel de Barneville. Ita ce 'yar'uwar Marie Bruneau des Loges, abokin François de Malherbe da Jean-Louis Guez de Balzac . A cikin 1666, an ba ta tana da shekaru goma sha biyar (mahaifinta) a cikin wani shiri na aure da ɗan Parisian mai shekaru talatin - François de la Motte, Baron d'Aulnoy, na gidan Duke na Vendôme . Baron ya kasance mai tunani kuma sanannen ɗan caca. A shekara ta 1669, an zargi Baron d'Aulnoy da cin amana (yana magana game da haraji da Sarki ya sanya) ta wasu maza biyu waɗanda watakila masoyan Mme d'Aulnoy (mai shekaru goma sha tara) da mahaifiyarta, wanda ta hanyar aure na biyu. Marchionness de Gadagne. [1] Idan aka same shi da laifi, da hukuncin zai zama kisa. Baron d'Aulnoy ya shafe shekaru uku a cikin Bastille kafin daga bisani ya shawo kan kotun cewa ba shi da laifi. An kashe mutanen biyu da ke da hannu a zargin a maimakon haka. An rubuta tuhume-tuhumen da zarge-zarge a cikin ma'ajiyar tarihin Bastille. Marchionness de Gadagne ta gudu zuwa Ingila, kuma ko da yake an ba da sammacin kama Mme d'Aulnoy, ta tsere daga hannun jami'an ta taga kuma ta ɓoye a cikin coci.

Zai yiwu ta yi aiki a matsayin ɗan leƙen asiri ga Faransa (kuma wataƙila ta ɗan yi ɗan lokaci a Holland, Spain, da Ingila) kafin ta koma Paris a 1685 (wataƙila a matsayin biyan kuɗi don leƙo asirin ƙasa).  Marchionness de Gadagne ya zauna a Madrid ne ta hanyar fensho daga Sarkin Spain. Mme d'Aulnoy ta gudanar da taron salon salon a gidanta da ke Rue Saint-Benoît wanda manyan mashahurai da sarakuna ke halarta, gami da kawarta, Saint-Evremond .

A cikin 1699, an fille kan Abokin Mme d'Aulnoy Angélique Ticquet saboda samun wani bawa ya rama wa mijin Angélique wanda ya zagi, shi ma daga auren dole. An rataye bawan ne saboda harbi da raunata kansila Ticquet. Mme d'Aulnoy ta tsere wa tsanantawa duk da zargin da ake mata kuma ta daina shiga cikin yanayin zamantakewar Paris tsawon shekaru ashirin.

D'Aulnoy ya wallafa littattafai goma sha biyu da suka haɗa da abubuwan tarihi guda uku, tarin tatsuniyoyi biyu da litattafai "tarihi" guda uku. Ta ba da gudummawa ga tarihin tarihin Recueil des plus belles pièces des poètes français a cikin 1692 kuma ta rubuta jerin abubuwan tarihin balaguro dangane da tafiye-tafiyen da ta yi a kotuna a Madrid da London. Kuma ko da yake ana iya yin bogi da ƙirƙira abubuwan da ta fahimta, amma daga baya waɗannan labarun sun zama ayyukanta da suka fi shahara. Ta sami suna a matsayin mai tarihi kuma mai rikodin tatsuniyoyi daga wajen Faransa, kuma an zabe ta a matsayin memba na Paduan Accademia dei Ricovrati, an kira ta da sunan gidan tarihin tarihi, Clio . Duk da haka, a wannan lokacin ra'ayin tarihi ya kasance mafi ƙarancin lokaci wanda ya haɗa da asusun ta na almara. A cikin shekaru 150, mafi tsananin rubuce-rubucen nau'i na kalmar ya sa aka ayyana asusunta "masu zamba". Duk da haka, a Faransa da Ingila a lokacin ana daukar ayyukanta a matsayin nishaɗi kawai, wani ra'ayi da aka nuna a cikin sake dubawa na lokacin. Ƙoƙarin da ta yi na gaskiya a cikin asusun tarihi na ba da labarin yaƙe-yaƙe na Dutch na Louis XIV bai yi nasara ba. Kuɗin da ta samu daga rubuce-rubucenta ya taimaka wajen haɓaka 'ya'yanta mata uku, ba duka aka samar ba a lokacin da take tare da Baron d'Aulnoy.

Shahararrun ayyukanta su ne tatsuniyoyinta da labaran kasada kamar yadda aka fada a cikin Les Contes des Fées (Tales of fairies) da Contes Nouveaux, ou Les Fées à la Mode . Ba kamar tatsuniyoyi na Grimm Brothers, waɗanda aka haifa wasu shekaru 135 bayan d'Aulnoy, ta ba da labarun ta a cikin salon tattaunawa, kamar yadda za a iya fada a cikin salons . Yawancin rubuce-rubucen nata sun haifar da duniyar ango da ango na dabbobi, inda soyayya da farin ciki suka zo ga jarumai bayan da suka mamaye manyan cikas. Waɗannan labarun sun yi nisa da dacewa da yara kuma yawancin gyare-gyare na Ingilishi sun bambanta da na asali. A Ingila, an san ta da sunan mai suna "Madame Bunch". 

Masanan Jack Zipes da David Blamires sun ba da shawarar cewa, saboda yawan kamanni na MMe. Ayyukan adabin d'Aulnoy tare da abubuwan ban mamaki na al'ada, tabbas ta san al'adar baka ko sake aikin adabin su a lokacinta.   Bugu da kari, Jacques Barchilon ya bayyana cewa d'Aulnoy ta ayyukan za a iya classified karkashin wasu rare tatsuniyoyi iri na kasa da kasa index na almara classification, wasu daga abin da "The Animal Bride" da kuma " Animal a matsayin amarya "tatsuniya iri. Barchilon, Jacques. "Adaptations of Folktales and Motifs in Madame D'Aulnoy's "Contes": A Brief Survey of Influence and Diffusion". In: Marvels & Tales 23, no. 2 (2009): 353-64. Accessed 23 June 2020. www.jstor.org/stable/41388930.

 Batu 
Madame d'Aulnoy tana da 'ya'ya shida, biyu daga cikinsu an haife su ne bayan ta rabu da mijinta, ko da yake sun ci sunansa.

 Marie-Angélique (26 Janairu 1667, ta mutu ƙuruciya, mai yiwuwa kafin Nuwamba 1669 Jeanne Roche-Mazon, Autour des contes de fées : recueil d'études de Jeanne Roche-Mazon, accompagnées de pièces complémentaires, Volume 55, 1968, p. 8 )
 Dominique-César, ɗanta tilo (23 Nuwamba 1667, ya mutu yana ƙarami)
 Marie-Anne, Dame de Barneville (27 Oktoba 1668 Raymond Foulché-Delbosc, Revue Hispanique, Volume 69, 1926, p. 11. - kafin 1726 Raymond Foulché-Delbosc, Revue Hispanique, Volume 69, 1926, p. 106. ); ta yi aure a ranar 29 ga Nuwamba 1685 Claude-Denis de Héère (1658 - kafin Yuni 1711  ), wani mai martaba daga Berry, wanda ya zama Sire de Barneville, kuma yana da:
 Jacques-Denis-Augustin de Héère (1698-?); ya yi aure a ranar 2 ga Nuwamba 1734 Geneviève Françoise de La Fauche. Babu batun.
 Marguerite de Héère, Dame de Vaudoy.
 Denise-Lucrèce de Héère (? - bayan 1772).
 Marguerite-Françoise de Héère; ta auri Jacques-François Tardieu, "Count" na Malissy.
 Marie-Anne de Héère (Agusta 6, 17013 ga Janairu 1737); Ta yi aure a ranar 24 ga Satumba 1735 Jean-Pierre de Fontanges, kuma ta haifi ɗa:
 François-Alexandre de Fontanges (28 Disamba 17361754).
 Judith-Henriette (14 Nuwamba 1669 - bayan 1711); ta yi aure a ranar 4 ga Satumba 1704 a Madrid Giulio Orazio Pucci, Marquis na Bargente na biyu (Barsento, a Italiya), kuma tana da aƙalla yara biyu:
 Antonio Pucci Raymond Foulché-Delbosc, Revue Hispanique, Volume 69, 1926, p 109.
 Luisa Maria Pucci; ita ce matar farko ta Francesco Guicciardini.
 Thérèse-Aimee (13 Oktoba 1676 - bayan 1726  ); ta auri Edmé des Préaux d'Antigny kuma ta haifi 'ya:
 Edmée-Angélique des Préaux d'Antigny (an haife shi a ranar 18 ga Nuwamba 1704 - ba a san ranar mutuwa ba); ta auri Pierre-Joseph Vermale amma an soke auren.
 Françoise-Angélique-Maxime (c. 1677 - 17 Nuwamba 1727); ba ta taba yin aure ba kuma ba ta da batun.

 Ayyuka 

 Sentiments of a Penitent Soul (Sentiments d'une Ame penitente)
 The Return of a Soul to God (Le Retour d'une Ame à Dieu)
 History of Hippolyte, Count of Douglas (Histoire d'Hippolyte, comte de Duglas) (1690)
 History of Jean de Bourbon, Prince of Carency (Histoire de Jean de Bourbon, Prince de Carency) (1692)
 The Count of Warwick (Le Comte de Warwick)
 The present court of Spain, or, The modern gallantry of the Spanish nobility unfolded in several histories and seventy five letters from the enamour'd Teresa, to her beloved the Marquess of Mancera (1693) (Memoire de la cour d'Espagne) (1690)
 Memories of the Court of Spain, Account of the Voyage to Spain (Memoires de la cour d'Espagne, Relation du voyage d'Espagne) (1690 or 1691)
 Memories of the Court of England (Mémoires de la cour d'Angleterre) (1695)
 From Fairy Tales (Les Contes des Fées) (1697)
 Graciosa and Percinet (Gracieuse et Percinet)
 The Story of Pretty Goldilocks or The Beauty with Golden Hair (La Belle aux cheveux d'or)
 The Blue Bird (L'Oiseau bleu)
 The Imp Prince (Le Prince Lutin)
 Princess Mayblossom (La Princesse Printanière)
 Princess Rosette (La Princesse Rosette)
 The Golden Branch (Le Rameau d'Or)
 The Bee and the Orange Tree (L'Orangier et l'Abeille)
 The Little Good Mouse (La bonne petite souris)
 The Ram or The Wonderful Sheep (Le Mouton)
 Cunning Cinders (Finette Cendron)
 The Fortunate One or Felicia and the Pot of Pinks (Fortunée)
 Babiole
 The Yellow Dwarf (Le Nain jaune)
 Green Serpent (Serpentin vert)
 From New Tales, or Fairies in Fashion (Contes Nouveaux ou Les Fées à la Mode) (1698)
 The Princess Carpillon (Princesse Carpillon)
 The Benevolent Frog or The Frog and the Lion Fairy (La Grenouille bienfaisante)
 The Hind in the Wood or The White Doe (La Biche au bois)
 The White Cat (La Chatte Blanche)
 Belle-Belle (Belle-Belle ou Le Chevalier Fortuné)
 The Pigeon and the Dove (Le Pigeon et la Colombe)
 Princess Belle-Etoile (La Princesse Belle-Étoile)
 Prince Marcassin (Le Prince Marcassin)
 The Dolphin (Le Dauphin)

 Bayani 

 Manazarta 


 Kara karantawa 

 Palmer, Nancy, da Melvin Palmer. "Buga na Ingilishi na Faransanci"Contes De Fees" da aka danganta ga Mme D'Aulnoy." Nazarin Littafi Mai Tsarki 27 (1974): 227-32. An shiga 29 Yuni 2020. www.jstor.org/stable/40371596.
 Planche, James Robinson. 'Tatsuniya ta The Countess d'Aulnoy, wanda JR Planché ya fassara . London: G. Routledge & Co. 1856.
 Verdier, Gabrielle. "Comment l'auteur des «Fées à la mode» dent «Mother Bunch»: Métamorphoses de Comtesse d'Aulnoy en Angleterre ("Yadda Marubucin 'Fairies à la yanayin' ya zama 'Uwar Bunch': Metamorphoses na Countess d' Aulnoy a Ingila". Merveilles & Contes 10, lamba 2 (Disamba 1996): 285-309. Jami'ar Jihar Wayne. An shiga 30 Yuni 2020. 

 Hanyoyin haɗi da albarkatu na waje 

 Shafukan Tatsuniyoyi na SurLaLune: Tatsuniyoyi na Madame d'Aulnoy (1893) tare da jagora ga tatsuniyoyi na d'Aulnoy a cikin Turanci Archived  
 Works by Madame d'Aulnoy  
 Works by or about Madame d'Aulnoy  
 Works by Madame d' Aulnoy   
 Aiki daga Madame d'Aulnoy a Toronto Public Library
 "Les Contes de Fées: The Literary Fairy Tales of France" 
 Comtesse d'Aulnoy  
 Madame d'Aulnoy