Muhalli na New Zealand

yanayin New Zealand yana da alamun tsire-tsire da Dabbobi waɗanda suka samo asali ne daga sauran duniya. Manyan tsibirai na New Zealand sun mamaye halittu guda biyu, masu matsakaici da masu zafi, masu rikitarwa da manyan tsaunuka sama da layin bishiyoyi. Har ila yau, akwai ƙananan tsibirai da yawa waɗanda suka kai ga subantarctic. Tsarin yanayi na yau da kullun yana kawo ruwan sama mai yawa a yammacin kasar. Ruwa na yankin New Zealand ya rufe yanki mafi girma fiye da ƙasarsa kuma ya shimfiɗa a kan shelf na nahiyar da kuma tsaunuka masu zurfi a Kudancin Tekun Pacific, Tekun Tasman da Tekun Kudancin.

 Yanayi na zahiri 

 Rashin jituwa na halitta 
alt=|thumb|293x293px|Tasirin dutse a kan ƙasa da muhalli. Ultramafic rock (hagu) da mafic rock (dama).
New Zealand tana da rikice-rikice na halitta da yawa ga mahallinta wanda nau'o'in da ke cikin yankin suka samo asali don jurewa. Wadannan sun hada da abubuwan da suka faru a cikin gida tare da gajeren lokacin dawowa kamar rushewar ƙasa, ambaliyar ruwa, el nino da gobara (da wuya kafin isowar mutane).  Abubuwan da suka faru na dogon lokaci kamar manyan fashewa da mafi girman glacial sun kuma shafi rarraba nau'in jinsuna a New Zealand.

 Ƙasa 
Ƙasa ta New Zealand tana shafar dutse, yanayi, ciyayi da lokacin da ya ci gaba, A tsakiyar tsibirin Arewa duwatsun dutsen dutsen dutse na felsic ba su da abubuwa (kamar cobalt) da shuke-shuke ke buƙata,  yayin da duwatsun ultramafic masu ban sha'awa na tsibirin Kudancin suna da wadata sosai a cikin abubuwan da ake buƙata ana amfani da su azaman taki.  Yanayin zafi na Arewacin Arewa Arewa ya fi sauri yana haifar da ƙasa mai zurfi. A cikin Fiordland da irin wannan yanayin da ke da ruwa mai tsawo ya rage lokacin da aka kafa ƙasa.

 Yanayi 
Babban yanayin ƙasa da ke tasiri ga yanayin New Zealand shine latitude mai matsakaici, tare da iskõki na yamma; yanayin teku; da duwatsu, musamman Kudancin Alps. Yanayi sun bambanta sosai a fadin yankuna daga matsanancin rigar a Yammacin Yamma Tsibirin Kudancin zuwa kusan tsaka-tsaki a Otago" id="mwVw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Central Otago">Tsakiyar Otago da Mackenzie Basin na cikin Canterbury da subtropical a Northland. Mafi girma da mafi ƙarancin tarihi sune  ° C (108.32 ° F) a Rangiora, Canterbury da -25.6 ° C (-14.08 ° F) A Ranfurly, Otago.

 Tsarin halittu da muhalli 

 dazuzzuka 
Gidajen daji na New Zealand (ko "bishi") an raba su zuwa gandun daji na matsakaici (broadleaf) da gandun daji, an gabatar da gandun dajin pine kuma sun rufe babban ɓangare na ƙasar. Tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsalle na asali suna da matukar wuya, tare da nau'o'i 11 kawai da suka rasa dukkan ganye a cikin hunturu, babu wani daga cikinsu da ke samar da bishiyoyi na yau da kullun. dazuzzukan beech sun fi yawa a cikin tsaunuka masu tsawo da yanayin sanyi, yayin da gandun daji masu matsakaici suka mamaye wasu wurare. Gidajen da ke da matsakaici suna da bambancin halittu mafi girma a wani bangare a cikin rufin da tsire-tsire. Ya zama ruwan dare ga gandun daji na New Zealand a matsayin gandun daji musamman a Yankunan ruwan sama na yamma.

 Manazarta