Dam din Baram

Dam din Baram, wanda kuma aka sani da Baram 1 Dam da Baram Hydro-electric Dam Project (Malay: Empangan Baram) wani dam mai nauyi ne da aka tsara a kan kogin Baram a Sarawak, Malaysia. Wurin da aka yi dam din yana da tazarar kilomita 250 (mil 160) daga ciki daga Miri, birni na biyu mafi girma a Sarawak. Dam din wani bangare ne na hanyar Sarawak Corridor na makamashi mai sabuntawa kuma, idan an kammala shi, zai tallafawa tashar wutar lantarki mai karfin MW 1,200. A watan Nuwamban 2015, Babban Ministan Sarawak Tan Sri Adenan Satem ya sanar da cewa gwamnatin Sarawak ta yanke shawarar shirya madatsar ruwan Baram saboda mutanen Baram ba su yi maraba da shirin ba.

 Tsarin 
Idan aka gina, madatsar ruwan zai zama tsayin mita 162 (531 ft) kuma tafkin ta zai mamaye fadin murabba'in kilomita 389 (sq mi 150; 96,000). Tsawon madatsar ruwan dam a bakinsa zai zama 685 m (2,247 ft). Tsawon madatsar ruwa mai tsayin mita 70 (230 ft) mai nisan kilomita 5 (3.1 mi) kudu maso yammacin babban dam zai taimaka rike tafki.

 Tarihi 
Baram 1 yana ɗaya daga cikin madatsun ruwa 12 da za a gina a Sarawak kuma Sarawak Energy ne ke haɓaka shi. Ita ce ta gaba da za a gina bayan tafkin Murum Dam da aka kwace a cikin 2013. Kamfanin Injiniya na Snowy Mountains yana aiwatar da ƙirar madatsar ruwa da tashar wutar lantarki ta 1,200 MW. A cikin 2010, Fichtner GmbH & Co. KG da ke zaune a Jamus sun kammala binciken yiwuwar a madatsar ruwa da tashar wutar lantarki. A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2012, an fara kimanta tasirin zamantakewa da muhalli (SEIA) don aikin.  A ranar 11 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2014, gwamnatin jihar Sarawak ta amince da aikin madatsar ruwan ba bisa ka'ida ba duk da cewa ba a kammala rahoton SEIA ba. Ya zuwa 17 ga Disamba 2014, Sarawak Energy ta ba da sanarwar cewa har yanzu ba ta kammala cikakken binciken yiwuwar ba da rahoton SEIA saboda zanga-zangar da ke gudana game da aikin madatsar ruwan Baram.

An kuma zargi cin hanci da rashawa, dan majalisar Baram Jacob Dungau Sagan, wanda tsohon mataimakin ministan kasuwanci da masana'antu na Malaysia ne, da laifin tallafa wa aikin bayan da ya samu kwangilar RM63 m da na katako na gundumar Baram. Ya yi watsi da zargin da cewa wata dabara ce ta siyasa gabanin zaben ‘yan majalisa. 

 Tasirin 

 Rashin aiki 
Akalla mutane 20,000 daga gidaje masu tsawo 25 za su yi hijira idan aka gina madatsar ruwan, a cewar International Rivers. Binciken yiwuwar ya kiyasta cewa mutane 6,000 zuwa 8,000 daga gidaje masu tsawo 32 za su rasa muhallinsu. Ofishin Miri Resident ya tabbatar da wannan lambar. Al'ummomin da suka rasa muhallinsu galibi sun kunshi al'ummomin Kenyah, Kayan, da Penan. A cikin SEIA mai zuwa, za a samar da rajistar gida don sake zama na al'ummomin da suka rasa muhallinsu. A cewar Sarawak Energy, aikin madatsar ruwan zai hanzarta ci gaban garin Baram da kuma samar da damar aiki da ingantaccen ci gaban ababen more rayuwa ga al'ummomin yankin.

Tare da barazanar tarwatsewa, zanga-zangar da 'yan kasar da kungiyoyin kare madatsar ruwa na kasa da kasa suka yi na nuna adawa da madatsar ruwan ya zama ruwan dare gama gari tare da dakatar da gine-gine na farko kamar gina hanyar shiga. A cikin watan Satumba na 2012, an ƙaddamar da takarda mai ɗauke da dubunnan sa hannun ga ofishin Babban Ministan Sarawak.[1] Sai dai kuma a shekarar 2012, kungiyar Orang Ulu Association Malaysia, wata kungiya ce da ke wakiltar kabilun yankin da ke zaune kusa da wurin, sun yi alkawarin ba da goyon baya ga aikin.

Wani rukuni na 'yan asalin 300 sun shirya zanga-zanga a lokacin IHA 2013 World Congress wanda International Hydropower Association (IHA) ta gudanar a Cibiyar Taron Borneo Kuching a watan Mayu 2013. An gabatar da rubuce-rubucen buƙatun ga babban darektan IHA, Richard M Taylor .  A ranar 23 ga Oktoba 2013, 'yan asalin ƙasar sun rushe ma'aikatan Sarawak Energy Berhad (SEB) 30 waɗanda ke yin nazarin ilimin ƙasa a yankin da aka tsara. Shingen hanya ya shafi gine-gine, an gina shingen daya a kusa da Long Lama kuma an gina wani a kusa da wurin ginin madatsar ruwa da aka tsara. Harin ya ci gaba kusan shekara guda har zuwa 21 ga Oktoba 2014 lokacin da ma'aikatan 'yan sanda 50 suka rushe shingen "KM15" a Long Kesseh. An sake gina wani toshewa bayan 'yan sa'o'i kadan. A ranar 23 ga Oktoba 2014, masu zanga-zangar sun yi bikin cika shekaru daya da ci gaba da toshewa.

A watan Nuwamban 2015, Marigayi Babban Ministan Sarawak Tan Sri Adenan Satem ya ce gwamnatin Sarawak ta yanke shawarar cewa an ajiye aikin dam na Baram, duk da cewa an bayyana hakan a matsayin na wucin gadi"."Adenan: Sarawak's Baram Dan project temporarily shelved - Nation – The Star Online". 

 Dubi kuma 


 Jerin tashoshin wutar lantarki a Malaysia
 Tasirin muhalli na tafkuna
 Tsayar da gandun daji na asali a Sarawak

 Bayanan da aka ambata