Sahara ta Oltenian

Sahara Oltenian (Romania: Sahara Olteniei) suna ne da aka ba wa wani yanki a yankin Romania na Oltenia wanda ke rufe yankin da ke tsakanin birnin Calafat da garin Dăbuleni, mai fadin fili kimanin hekta 80,000 (acres 200,000), ko kuma kashi 6% na gundumar Dolj. A cikin 2023, yankin hamada ya bazu arewa don ya kasance tsakanin kilomita 20 daga Craiova.

Yankunan yashi a yankin sun kara fadada saboda abubuwan da suka faru na sare dazuzzuka a cikin shekarun 1960, lokacin mulkin gurguzu. Karkashin jagorancin Nicolae Ceaușescu, kashi 26% na ruwan Romania an shayar da su don filayen noma, gami da dukkanin rukunan ruwa na Oltenia guda biyar. Ɗaya daga cikin irin wannan ruwa shi ne tafkin Potelu mai tsawon kilomita 47 (29 mi) (kusa da ƙauyen Potelu), yanzu ya bushe gaba ɗaya. Wani kauye da ke gabar tafkin shi ne Grojdibodu; mazauna yankin sun tuna yadda mutane suka tsira da kamun kifi, kuma iskar ta kasance mai danshi da tsafta, kafin hukumomin gurguzu su gina madatsun ruwa da tashar famfo domin shafe tafkin. A cewar Dan Popescu, shugaban kungiyar "Sake Haihuwar Dajin" na yankin, an sare hectare 13,000 (kadada 32,000) na gandun daji tare da maye gurbinsu da bishiyoyin acacia don dakatar da iska da yashi. Iskar "Băltărețu" (wanda take da dumi da sanyi kuma ta kawo ruwan sama) ta bace; a lokacin rani, yanayin iska zai tashi sama da 30 °C (86 °F) da zafin yashi zuwa sama da 70 °C (158 °F). 

Lamurra sun kara tabarbarewa bayan juyin juya halin Romania na 1989. An mayar da kasar hannun masu zaman kansu, amma masu mallakar gonakin sun kwashe hekta 30,000 (kadada 74,000) na gandun daji, ciki har da katako na Acacia, kuma suna girma duk abin da suke so, wanda ya mamaye tsarin ban ruwa. A farkon shekarun 2000, wasu manoma sun nemi yin ban ruwa da kansu, amma ba tare da goyon bayan gwamnati ba, wannan yunkurin ya ci tura, kuma daga karshe barayin karfe sun wargaza tsarin.Moldoveanu, Ioana (7 October 2019). "Southern Romania Is Being Swallowed By Desert". Vice. Retrieved 17 February 2021.

Sakamakon kwararowar hamada da aka yi a yankin, sunan "Sahara ta Olteniya" da sauri ya mamaye mutanen yankin. Dăbuleni ma ya sami lakabin "babban birnin" na Saharar Oltenian, kuma wuri ne kawai a Turai inda gidan kayan gargajiya ya kasance. Duk da yunƙurin da aka yi na hana kwararowar hamada a yankin, har yanzu ana ci gaba da aiwatar da aikin a kan kadada 1,000 (kadada 2,500) a kowace shekara. Yana da wuya a daina sai dai idan ba a ɗauki tsauraran matakai ba.

A watan Yulin 2025, Ministar Muhalli ta Romania, Diana Buzoianu, ta sanar da cewa, "Romania na fuskantar mummunar matsalar muhalli a kudancin kasar: fiye da kadada 100,000 sun koma hamada ko kuma sun kusa zama hamada." Mafita a bayyane da ke gudana ita ce shuka gandun daji da sake dazuzzuka. A cikin shekaru 2 da suka gabata, an shuka kusan kadada 9,000 na itatuwa, kuma a shekarar 2025-6, burin shi ne dasa wani hekta 18,000.

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