Hartwig Hirschfeld

Hartwig Hirschfeld MRAS ( Hebrew ; 18 Disamba 1854 - 10 Janairu 1934) ɗan asalin ƙasar Biritaniya ne, ɗan asalin ƙasar Prussian, marubuci, kuma malami . Sha'awarsa ta ilimi ta ta'allaka ne akan adabin yahudawa na Larabci da kuma alakar da ke tsakanin al'adun Yahudawa da Larabawa . [1] An fi saninsa da bugu na Juda Halevi 's Kuzari - wanda ya buga a cikin ainihin Judeo-Larabci da fassarar Ibrananci, Jamusanci da Ingilishi - da kuma karatunsa a kan Alkahira Geniza . [1] [2]

 Tarihin Rayuwa 
An haifi Hartwig Hirschfeld a cikin dangin Yahudawa a Thorn, Prussia . Mahaifinsa, Dr. Aron Hirschfeld, malamin addinin Yahudawa ne daga Dirschau, kuma kakansa na wajen uwa shi ne fitaccen malamin addinin Kirista Salomon Plessner .  Bayan kammala karatunsa daga Royal Marien Gymnasium da ke Posen, Hirschfeld ya yi karatun harsunan Gabas da falsafa a Jami'ar Berlin, a lokaci guda kuma ya halarci laccoci a taron Malamin addinin Musulunci na Azriel Hildesheimer .  Ya sami digirin digirgir daga Jami'ar Strasburg a shekarar 1878, kuma bayan shekara guda yana aikin soja a rundunar sojojin Prussia, ya sami tallafin karatu na tafiya a shekarar 1882 wanda ya ba shi damar yin karatun Larabci da Ibrananci a Paris a ƙarƙashin Joseph Derenbourg . 

Bayan ya koyar a Posen na tsawon shekaru kaɗan, Hirschfeld ya yi ƙaura zuwa Ingila a shekara ta 1889, inda ya zama farfesa a fannin tafsirin Littafi Mai Tsarki, harsunan Semitic, da falsafa a Kwalejin Montefiore .  A shekara ta 1901, ƙungiyar Syndicate ta Jami'ar Cambridge ta gayyace shi don ya binciki guntun Larabci a cikin tarin Taylor - Schechter .  A wannan shekarar, an naɗa shi mai kula da laburare kuma farfesa a harsunan Semitic a Kwalejin Yahudawa, matsayin da ya riƙe har zuwa 1929. A lokaci guda, ya zama malami a fannin rubutun Semitic a Kwalejin Jami'ar London a shekara ta 1903, malami a fannin Ethiopic a shekara ta 1906, kuma cikakken farfesa kuma malami a fannin Goldsmid a Ibrananci a can a shekara ta 1924.

 Littattafai 
Littattafan Hirschfeld sun haɗa da fassarar Jamusanci ta Judah Halevi 's Kuzari, wanda ya dogara da asalin Larabci (1885); bugu mai suka na rubutun Larabci da fassarar Ibrananci ta Judah ibn Tibbon (1887); fassarar Turanci (1905), wanda bugu da aka sake bugawa a cikin 1932;  Chrestomathy na Larabci a cikin Haruffan Ibrananci (1892); Al-Sab'iniyya, waƙar falsafa ta Larabci ta Musa ibn Tubi (1894); Beiträge zur Erklärung des Koran (1886), wanda aka yi bayani dalla-dalla a cikin Sabbin Bincike cikin Tsarin da Tafsirin Alƙur'ani (1902); fassarar Ibrananci ta Littafin Ma'anoni ta Isaac Israeli (1896); Sharhin Yefet ben Ali akan Littafin Nahum (1911); Zane na Nahawun Ibrananci (1913); Nazarin Qirqisānī (1918); Littafin Kalmomin Ethiopic-Falasi (1921); Sharhi kan Kubawar Shari'a (1925); da Tarihin Adabi na Malaman Nahawu da Masu Karatu na Ibrananci (1926). Daga cikin rubuce-rubucensa na littattafai akwai Katalogi Mai Bayani na Ibrananci MSS. na Laburaren Montefiore (1904). Hirschfeld ya kuma ba da gudummawar kasidu ga mujallu da dama, musamman jerin kasidu kan guntun Larabci a cikin Cairo Geniza a cikin Bita na Yahudawa na Quarterly (1903–1908). 

 Manazarta