Cocin Huguenot

Cocin Huguenot, wanda kuma ake kira Cocin Huguenot na Faransa ko Cocin Furotesta na Faransa, cocin Furotestanti ne wadanda ba na addini ba wanda ke kan titin Cocin 136 a Charleston, South Carolina .  An gina shi a cikin 1844 kuma masanin gine-gine Edward Brickell White ne ya tsara shi, shi ne cocin Gothic Revival mafi tsufa a Kudancin Carolina, kuma an sanya shi a matsayin Tarihin Tarihi na Kasa kuma an jera shi a cikin National Register of Historic Places. Ikilisiyar da take hidima ta samo asali ne daga shekarun 1680, kuma ita ce kawai cocin Huguenot mai zaman kanta a Amurka.

A matsayin Furotesta a cikin yawancin Katolika na Faransa, Huguenots sun fuskanci tsanantawa a cikin ƙarni na 16 da 17. Bayan soke dokar Nantes a shekara ta 1685, yawancin Huguenots sun tsere daga Faransa zuwa sassa daban-daban na duniya, gami da Charleston . Ikilisiyar farko ta Cocin Huguenot na Charleston ta haɗa da yawancin waɗannan 'yan gudun hijira, kuma zuriyarsu ta ci gaba da taka rawa a cikin al'amuran cocin shekaru da yawa. Ikilisiyar da farko tana da alaƙa da Ikilisiyar Calvinist Reformed Church of France, kuma koyarwarta har yanzu tana riƙe da abubuwa na koyarwar Calvinist. Ayyukan cocin har yanzu suna bin liturgy na Faransanci na karni na 18, amma ana gudanar da su cikin Turanci.

Cocin yana cikin yankin Charleston da aka sani da Faransanci Quarter, wanda aka ba da wannan sunan a 1973 a matsayin wani ɓangare na kokarin adanawa. Ya fahimci cewa yankin yana da tarihin tarihin 'yan kasuwa na Faransa. Peter Manigault, wanda ya kasance mutum mafi arziki a yankunan Burtaniya na Arewacin Amurka, an binne shi a cikin makabartar coci.

 Tarihi 
Huguenots, wadanda suka kasance 'yan Calvinist na Faransa wadanda suka fuskanci matsin lamba a Faransa, sun fara zama a wasu yankuna a karni na sha shida, sun kafa irin wadannan yankuna da suka gaza kamar Fort Caroline a Florida da Charlesfort a Carolina ta Kudu ta zamani, da kuma zama a yankunan da aka kafa, kamar Afirka ta Kudu, Burtaniya, da yankunan da ke akwai kamar New Netherlands da Virginia. A cikin shekara ta 1598, Sarki Henry na IV na Faransa ya ba da Dokar Nantes, yana ba da wasu hakkoki da kariya ga Huguenots. Louis na sha huɗu ya soke wannan dokar a cikin shekara ta 1685, wanda ya haifar da fitowar Huguenots daga Faransa.
Wani rukuni na Huguenots 45 sun isa Charleston a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1680, bayan da Sarki Charles na biyu na Ingila ya tura su zuwa mulkin mallaka don yin aiki a matsayin masu sana'a, kuma sun fara gudanar da ayyukan lokaci-lokaci a shekara mai zuwa. An yi imanin cewa Reverend Phillip Trouillard ya gudanar da hidimar farko. A shekara ta 1687, Elias Prioleau ya zama fasto na farko na cocin. Prioleau ya kasance fasto na coci a garin Pons na Faransa kafin a rushe cocinsa a shekara ta 1685. Prioleau ya kasance fasto na Cocin Huguenot na Charleston har zuwa mutuwarsa a shekara ta 1699.

Iyalai da ke da alaƙa da cocin a farkon shekarun da suka gabata sun haɗa da Gourdin, Ravenel, Porcher, de Saussure, Huger, Mazyck, Lamar da Lanier, kodayake farkon shekarun cocin sun kasance da wahala a rubuta saboda asarar bayanan farko a cikin wuta a cikin 1740. Iyalai da ke da alaƙa da cocin a cikin shekaru masu zuwa sun haɗa da iyalan Bacot, de la Plaine, Maury, Gaillard, Meserole, Macon, Gabeau, Cazenove, L'Hommedieu, L'Espenard, Serre, Marquand, Bavard, Boudouin, Marion, Laurens, Boudinot, Gibert, Robert, da Fontaine.  Huguenots sun ci gaba da ƙaura zuwa Carolina a cikin rabin farko na karni na 18, kodayake yawancin ikilisiyoyinsu sun shiga cikin Ikilisiyar Episcopal.

Ikilisiyar Huguenot ta farko, da ke wurin cocin na yanzu, hukumomin birni ne suka fashe ta a kokarin dakatar da yaduwar wuta. An maye gurbinsa da coci mai sauƙi na tubali a cikin 1800. An rushe wannan ginin a cikin 1844 don buɗe hanyar cocin yanzu, wanda aka kammala a shekara mai zuwa. Wannan coci na uku ya sami lalacewa a lokacin Yaƙin basasa da Girgizar kasa ta Charleston ta 1886, kuma an mayar da shi da kudade daga zuriyar Huguenot Charles Lanier na New York. Cocin yana kewaye da kabari inda aka binne Huguenots da yawa.

Saboda raguwar membobin a farkon karni na 19, cocin ya fara fassara liturgy na Faransanci zuwa Turanci a cikin 1828. Tare da sabon liturgy na Ingilishi, sabon gini mai zurfi, da fastocin karni na 19 masu ban sha'awa kamar Charles Howard da Charles Vedder, membobin coci da halarta sun karu.

A shekara ta 1912, membobin sun sake raguwa,  kuma a mafi yawan karni na 20, ba a amfani da cocin don ayyukan addini na yau da kullun ba. Al'ummar yankin na zuriyar Huguenot a wasu lokuta suna buɗe shi don bukukuwan aure, wasan kwaikwayo na jiki, da wasu ayyuka na lokaci-lokaci da Huguenots Society of South Carolina ta shirya. Ikilisiyar yau ta samo asali ne daga shekara ta 1983.

 Tsari da gini 
Ikilisiyar ta yanzu ta tsara ta Edward Brickell White, wani gine-ginen gida wanda ya kuma tsara gine-ginan Girka da Roman da yawa a yankin, mafi mahimmanci Kasuwanci Hall, steeple na St. Philip's Episcopal Church, da St. Matthew's German Evangelical Lutheran Church. Masallacin ya gina shi ne ta hanyar dan kwangila na yankin Ephraim Curtis . 

Cocin tsari ne na tubali, uku bays fadi da shida bays tsawo, tare da kowane bay raba ta da kunkuntar buttresses da aka rufe da pinnacles. Fensho uku na gaba an rufe su da ƙuƙwalwar ƙarfe, kuma ganuwar katako ta kewaye saman cocin. Gidan ciki ya kunshi bangon da aka yi da gyare-gyare, tare da allunan marmara da aka zana da sunayen iyalan Huguenot.

Kwayar cocin, wacce aka saya a 1845, kungiya ce ta musamman da aka tsara ta hanyar mai yin kwayar halitta ta New York Henry Erben (1801-1883). "Mai bin diddigin" yana haɗa maɓallan da bawul ɗin bututu, kuma yana amsawa ga mai kunnawa da sauri fiye da hanyoyin zamani. Sautin kwayar halitta yayi kama da gabobin da aka yi amfani da su a lokacin Baroque.

 Amfani na yanzu 
Cocin yanzu yana gudanar da ayyuka na yau da kullun, waɗanda ke cikin Turanci, kodayake tun daga 1950 ana gudanar da hidimar shekara-shekara a kowane Afrilu tare da karatun liturgical na Faransanci don tunawa da karɓar Dokar Nantes, wanda ya faru a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1598. Ikilisiyar har yanzu tana koyar da koyarwar Calvinist, kuma ayyukanta na liturgical sun samo asali ne daga waɗanda Neufchâtel da Vallangin suka haɓaka, daga 1737 da 1772, bi da bi. Cocin yana karkashin jagorancin kwamitin daraktoci da ƙungiyar dattawa.[1]￼

 Dubi kuma 

 Cocin Reformed na Faransa
 Furcin Bangaskiya na Faransa
 Jerin Huguenots
 Fassarar Littafi Mai-Tsarki zuwa Faransanci
 Jerin Tarihin Tarihi na Kasa a Kudancin Carolina
 Jerin wuraren tarihi na kasa a Charleston, South Carolina

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba