Bessie Dunlop na Lynn

Bessie Dunlop, Elizabeth Dunlop ko Elizabeth Jack (ta mutu a shekara ta 1576), matar manomi ce ta Scotland daga Ayrshire wacce aka maƙure ta sannan aka ƙone ta, a Edinburgh saboda laifin maita, maita, da sihiri. Halin ta ya kasance mai ban mamaki a cikin adadin cikakkun bayanai da aka danganta a cikin shaidarta da kuma rashin wani abu sai dai sakamako mai kyau ko tsaka-tsaki na ayyukanta da ayyukanta. Amincewa da ita ga amfani da ruhun da aka saba da shi da kuma alaƙa da fairies sune babban dalilin da ya sa aka yanke mata hukunci da hukuncin kisa.

 Rayuwa da halayyar 
Bessie ita ce matar Andrew Jack na Lynn, Lyne, Lin, ko Linn, wani ƙauye da sunan wani glen wanda Caaf Water ke gudana, yana kwance a cikin Barony na Lynn, sannan mallakar Robert, Master of Boyd, ɗan fari na Ubangiji Boyd.  Da alama saboda haka gonarsu ta kasance kusa ko a kasan Lynn Glen a kan Caaf Water, kusa da Dalry a Arewacin Ayrshire, Scotland. Ta auri Andrew Jack kuma sunanta ya nuna alaƙar Ayrshire kamar yadda garin Dunlop a cikin tsohuwar gundumar Cunninghame ke kusa da Ikklisiya na Dunlop . An rubuta ta a matsayin tuki da shanu a wani lokaci kuma an ambaci tumaki tare da doki da tafiya zuwa Edinburgh da Leith tare da mijinta don tattara abincin dabbobi, don haka an nuna karamin gonar iyali aƙalla. Bessie kuma ta rubuta wani taro a 'Thorn of Dawmstarnik' wanda mai yiwuwa ne Dalmusternock a kan Kilmarnock zuwa hanyar Glasgow.

An ambaci murhu a daya daga cikin ziyarar Thomas Reid zuwa gidan Bessie kuma yana yiwuwa mijinta ya kasance mai niƙa a ɗaya daga cikin ma'adanai a Lynn Glen. An kira ta 'mahaifiyar kirki' wacce ta kasance mataki daya daga laird kuma matar mai niƙa za ta sami damar wannan aikin. Tana da shekarun haihuwa a lokacin wadannan abubuwan kuma tana da yara masu rai tare da wani da aka haifa a cikin shekaru hudu da ta san Thomas Reid.

Mijinta yana da ƙarancin bayani a cikin labarin yayin da yake la'akari da sau da yawa Thomas Reid yana cikin kamfaninta, amma akwai ƙananan shaidu game da duk wani rashin dace da shi ban da karya ƙananan tarurruka na zamantakewa kamar ƙoƙarin ja ta da igiyoyinta don ƙarfafa ta ta zuwa elfhame. An ambaci John Jack a matsayin mahaifin daya daga cikin marasa lafiya.

 Haɗin kai tare da Thomas Reid da Sarauniyar Elfland 

 Thomas Reid 
Lokacin da aka zargi Bessie Dunlop da maita ta amsa masu tuhumar ta cewa ta sami bayanai game da annabce-annabce, inda kayan da suka ɓace da magunguna na halitta daga Thomas ko Tom Reid, tsohon jami'in barony na Blair kusa da Dalry wanda ya yi iƙirarin cewa an kashe shi a Yaƙin Pinkie kimanin shekaru 29 da suka gabata a shekara ta 1547. Ta bayyana shi a cikin sharuddan dattijo, mai ado mai kyau, mai gaskiya kuma mai daraja tare da dogon gemu mai launin toka wanda ke ɗauke da fararen sandar. Bessie ta bayyana wa masu tambayoyin cewa "Ba ta taɓa sanin shi ba lokacin da yake da rai",  amma ta fara saduwa da Thomas ko Tom Reid a kusa da shekara ta 1572 yayin da take tuka shanu zuwa makiyaya na yau da kullun tsakanin gidanta da yadi ko lambun Monkcastle kuma bayan tattaunawa sai ya ɓace ta hanyar rami a cikin bango ko dyke a lambun Monkicastle, a bayyane rami ne da ya fi karami ga mutum mai rai ya wuce.  Sabis ɗin ya rubuta cewa ya fito ne daga dutse, fiye da sau ɗaya, ba tare da ambaton wani abu mai ban mamaki ba.

A ganawarsu ta farko ta kasance tana kuka kuma a cikin asarar da ke cike da damuwa saboda wata saniya ta mutu, jaririn da aka haifa shi yaro ne mara lafiya, har yanzu tana da rauni daga kokarin haihuwar jariri kuma a ƙarshe an dauki mijinta da 'ƙasa mara lafiya' kuma ba ta tsammanin shi ya rayu ba. A wannan lokacin ne suka fara haduwa, lokacin da ya kusanci ta.

An gabatar da shi daga hanyoyi da yawa na tunani cewa Thomas Reid a zahiri firist ne na Katolika ko mai bin wannan bangaskiya, a ɓoye a cikin sabon mulkin Furotesta. Da alama ya san ta saboda yana gaishe ta da "Gude day, Bessie" kuma yana amfani da gaisuwar Katolika "Sancta Maria". Lokacin da ta gaya masa game da matsalolinta sai ya amsa a cikin salon firist da farko yana tambaya "Me ya sa dole ne ya yi irin wannan dole kuma ya yi kuka ga wani abu na duniya?",  ya kara da cewa dole ne ta fusata Allah ta hanyar tambayarsa kuma shawararsa ita ce ta yi wa Mai Iko Dukkanin.  Ya bayyana ra'ayi cewa Juyin Juya Halin bai yi kyau ba  kuma lokacin da ya yi ƙoƙari ya janye ta daga Kristanci ya kara da sharhi game da bangaskiyar da ta dauka a dutsen rubutu.  Wurin da suka haɗu da farko da kuma ɓacewarsa mai ban mamaki, Monkland ko Monkcastle, tsohon mallakar abbots ne na Kilwinning Abbey  wanda zai iya ba da wuri mai kyau don ɓoyewa kuma yana da ƙananan ramuka ko gibin a cikin ganuwar lambu, gidan kankara, babban gida da ɗakunan ajiyarsa, da dai sauransu waɗanda za a iya gani a matsayin ƙananan don matsawa, musamman kamar yadda yake a wani nesa da ita a lokacin.  Shi da kansa ya ce ya zauna tare da fairies a cikin Elfhame.

Ba a tabbatar da mutuwar Thomas Reid a yakin Pinkie ba, amma ma'aikacinsa, John Blair, ya mutu a yakin. Shaidar Thomas Reid kasancewa fatalwa ba ta da yawa saboda yana waje a rana, yana iya riƙe abubuwa, ya ja a kan rigarta har ma da ɗaukar 'ya'yan itace, da dai sauransu. Tafiya ta hanyar ƙanƙanin rami a cikin bango ko dyke ba ta da tabbas kuma wasu ba su san kasancewarsa a cikin gidanta ba lokacin da mijinta yake aiki yana magana da masu gyaran tufafi uku kuma batun ra'ayi ne game da yadda ya kamata a fassara wannan. An hana ta yin magana da shi lokacin da wasu ke wurin, kamar a Dalry da Edinburgh. Har ila yau, hulɗarsa da membobin 'Court of the Elves' yana buɗewa ga fassarar ko wanene su da gaske. Ziyarar da ta yi a madadinsa ga ɗansa da dangi  ya kara da hoton wani mutum da ke ɓoyewa koyaushe yana rufe waƙoƙinsa kamar yadda wani abu mai ban mamaki ya faru lokacin da Bessie ta ziyarci wanda ya tsira daga Yaƙin Pinkie tare da tabbacin wanda ya aiko ta amma babu wani dalili na ziyarar. 

 Kotun Elfhame 
Bessie ta tambayi Thomas dalilin da ya sa aka zaba ta a matsayin mai karɓar lokacinsa, ilimi da shawara, amsar ita ce Sarauniyar Elfland ta umarce shi ya taimake ta. Ya bayyana cewa a lokacin aikinta na baya-bayan nan wata mace mai tsayi ta zo ƙofarta neman abin sha kuma wannan ba canji ba ne face Sarauniya kanta. An ba da abin sha kuma wannan kashi ya kawo al'adun gargajiya daban-daban a cikin daidaitattun kamar jariri mai canzawa yayin da ta ke rashin lafiya kuma ita da Thomas sun annabta mutuwarta da kuma warkewar mijinta.

Bessie ta taba saduwa da Thomas a 'Thorn of Dawmstarnik' (watakila Dalmusternock Farm kusa da Craufurdland Castle ) a kan hanyar Glasgow zuwa Kilmarnock inda ya yi ƙoƙari ya rinjayi ta ta hana Kristanci don dawo da rayuwa 'rayuwa ta alatu'. Ta ƙi shi kuma ya tafi cikin ƙyamar duk da haka ya sake bayyana ba da daɗewa ba a gidanta kuma a wannan lokacin yana da mata takwas da maza huɗu daga Kotun Elfland waɗanda suke fatan shawo kanta ta shiga cikinsu. Abin mamaki Thomas ya shawarce ta da kada ta yi magana kuma sun tafi da mummunan sauti mai kama da guguwa. An yi musu ado da kyau kuma Thomas ya kira su 'mai kyau' ko fairies.

Bessie a wani lokaci ta ɗaure doki a kusa da Edinburgh a Restalrig Loch lokacin da ta fahimci ƙungiyar mahayan da ke wucewa da ɓacewa cikin tafkin. Thomas ya bayyana cewa waɗannan su ne fairies a daya daga cikin "cavalcades a duniya".

 Elfhame na Blair 
Wani bangare mai ban sha'awa na labarin Bessie Dunlop shine cewa babban shafin Cleeves Cove, daya daga cikin manyan wuraren tarihi na Ayrshire, yana kan Dusk Water kawai 'yan mil daga Lynn Glen da Monkcastle. A matsayinsa na jami'in barony na Blair, Thomas Reid zai san wannan yanki sosai. Hadisin ya rubuta cewa koguna sun kasance "Elfhame o'the Blair" ko 'Elfhouse' [undefined] kuma mazauna yankin a wannan lokacin sun yi imanin cewa waɗannan halittu masu sihiri sun sanya wannan mazauninsu a cikin ɗakuna da yawa da ke dauke da stalactites da stalagmites. [1] A lokacin Halloween an ce za su zo suna hawa daga koguna a kan dawakai waɗanda suka kasance girman beraye, dogon gashin su mai launin rawaya ko kuma a ɗaure su a cikin maɗaura tare da ƙuƙwalwar zinariya. Quaichs din su kofuna ne kuma suna shan ruwan inabi a ƙarƙashin toadstools. Tufafin su na kore ne kuma kibiyoyin su an yi su ne da moss-reed da aka kai da kawunan kibiyoyi na flint waɗanda aka tsoma a cikin guba. An yi baka daga ƙasusuwan haƙarƙari na jarirai marasa baftisma waɗanda aka binne su a asirce a cikin shaws da glens.[2] Ba a san shekarun da waɗannan al'adun 'Elfhame' suke ba, duk da haka tonowa ya nuna cewa mutum ne ya zauna a ciki kuma Covenanters ne suka yi amfani da shi don neman wurin ɓoyewa daga sojojin sarki.￼

 Warkarwa da sauran ayyuka 
Gaskiyar shaidar Bessie a kotu ba za a taɓa sanin ta ba, duk da haka an yi amfani da azabtarwa kamar yadda Service ya rubuta cewa "doctor, wani skeillie, an kawo shi frae yont Glesco' don magance shari'ar". Ya ci gaba da cewa an cire ta kuma an yi bincike don Alamar Iblis kuma an kuma "scored abune the breath",  wanda ake yanka shi da wuka sama da baki a matsayin nau'in azabtarwa da aka yi amfani da shi a kan mayu  kuma ana iya amfani da wasu azabtarwa. Kamar dai ba ta amfana da kudi daga taimakon da ta ba mutane ba duk da cewa an lura da kyaututtuka na abinci kamar "wani abinci da wasu cuku". Bessie tana da abokan ciniki daban-daban daga aristocracy da 'yan kasuwa, babu wanda ya zo mata taimako a shari'arta. Laird na matar Stanely, 'yar Lady Johnstone ta nemi taimakon Bessie lokacin da 'yarta ta yi rashin lafiya kuma Bessie ta shirya maganin giya mai karfi, wanda aka ƙarfafa shi da ginger, cloves, aniseed da liquorice. Lady Kilbowie tana fama da 'ƙafa mai laushi' kuma Thomas a wannan lokacin ya ba da shawara cewa babu wani abu da za a iya yi don taimakawa tsofaffi mai haƙuri ba tare da yin yanayin ya fi muni ba. Lady Thirdpart a cikin barony na Renfrewshire ta haɗa da Bessie a cikin neman tsabar zinariya da aka sace daga jakarta kuma hakika an sami kuɗin bayan Bessie ya kira ɓarawo.

 Manazarta 

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