Ma'amala da masu amfani

Ma'amala da mabukaci da albarkatun sune ainihin jigon sarkar Abinci na muhalli ko shafukan yanar gizo na abinci,  kuma suna da kalmar laima don nau'ikan nau'ikan jinsunan halittu masu yawa ciki har da ganima-mai cin nama (duba farauta), mai karɓar bakuncin-parasite (duba parasitism), shuka-herbivore da tsarin mai cin zarafi. Wadannan nau'ikan hulɗa an yi nazari da kuma tsara su ta hanyar masu ilimin muhalli na kusan ƙarni guda. Dabbobi a kasan jerin abinci, kamar algae da sauran autotrophs, suna cinye albarkatun da ba na halitta ba, kamar ma'adanai da abubuwan gina jiki iri daban-daban, kuma suna samun makamashi daga haske (photons) ko tushen sunadarai. Dabbobi da ke sama a cikin jerin abinci suna rayuwa ta hanyar cinye wasu nau'o'in kuma ana iya rarraba su ta hanyar abin da suke ci da kuma yadda suke samun ko samun abincin su.

Kalmomi daban-daban sun taso don bayyana masu amfani da abin da suke ci, kamar Masu cin nama, Masu cin kifi, Masu cin kwari, masu cin shuke-shuke, Masu cin ganyayyaki, masu cin iri, da masu cin 'ya'yan itace da masu cin nama ne da masu cin shuka. Akwai rarrabuwa mai zurfi na nau'ikan masu amfani bisa ga jerin halaye na ciyarwa. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida][citation needed]

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