Na'urar tsabtace ruwa

Na'urar tsabtace ruwa (MSD) wani kayan aiki ne ko tsarin inji wanda aka keɓe don magance, sarrafawa, da / ko adana raw, wanda ba a kula da shi ba wanda zai iya tarawa a cikin jiragen ruwa. Ba ya nufin na'urorin da za a iya ɗauka kamar ɗakunan wanka masu ɗaukar hoto.

 Nau'ikan MSD da ke akwai 
A Amurka, Hukumar Kare Muhalli (EPA) ta kafa ka'idojin aiki don na'urorin tsabtace ruwa, kuma Amurka Coast Guard (USCG) ta ba da ka'idoji da ke kula da ƙira, gini, takaddun shaida, shigarwa da aiki na MSDs.

 Nau'in I 
Wani nau'in MSD yana da ƙirar fitarwa ta hanyar gudana. Ana rushe datti kuma ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar amfani da chlorination da / ko Maceration. Yawan ƙwayoyin cuta a kowace mililita ɗari na ruwa dole ne ya zama ƙasa da dubu ɗaya. Rashin fitarwa daga nau'in I MSDs dole ne ba su da wani abu mai ƙarfi a kan ruwa. Nau'in I MSDs kuma sun dogara sosai ga chlorination da maceration don karya abubuwa masu ƙarfi da kashe duk wani ƙwayoyin cuta da ke akwai.

 Nau'in II 
Nau'in II MSDs suna kama da Nau'in I, tare da fitarwa ta hanyar fitarwa. Koyaya, ana rushe datti ta hanyar amfani da ƙwayoyin cuta na aerobic ko wasu hanyoyin narkewar halittu. Yawan ƙwayoyin cuta da aka samu a cikin mililitar ɗari na ruwa da aka samar daga wannan tsarin ba zai iya zama fiye da ɗari biyu ba.

 Nau'in III 
Nau'in III MSDs suna da ƙirar daban idan aka kwatanta da Nau'in I da Nau'i na II. Yawanci ya ƙunshi babban tankin ajiya wanda ke riƙe da tsabtace ko ba a tsabtace shi ba wanda aka riƙe kuma aka saki lokacin da jirgin ya koma tashar jiragen ruwa. A tashar jiragen ruwa, ana canja fitar da Type III zuwa wurin kula da ruwa mai guba. Koyaya, MSDs na Type III na iya kunshe da tankin riƙewa tare da fasahar ci gaba, gami da amma ba a iyakance shi ga ƙonewa ba, sake zagayawa, da composting. Ba a fitar da ragowar zuwa ruwa ba, amma ana canja su lokacin da jirgin yake cikin tashar jiragen ruwa.

 Dokoki da ka'idoji 
A karkashin IMO, ko Ƙungiyar Ruwa ta Duniya, MARPOL 73/78, wanda aka fi sani da Yarjejeniyar Duniya don Rigakafin Ƙazantarwa Daga Jiragen Ruwa ("Marpol" takaice ne don gurɓataccen ruwa kuma 73/78 takaice ne ga shekarun 1973 da shekarar 1978.) Akwai jimlar abubuwan da suka hada da Marpol. Ƙaddamarwa ta IV tana magana ne game da gurɓataccen datti ta jiragen ruwa. A cikin Ƙaddamarwa na IV, akwai jimlar ƙa'idodi 11 game da dokoki da ƙa'idodinsu da ke kewaye da fitar da datti da tsire-tsire masu magani a cikin jirgin. Ba har sai Amurka ta aiwatar da Dokar hana gurɓata daga jiragen ruwa ba.Annex IV of MARPOL 73/78 Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by Sewage from Ships. (n.d.). Retrieved April 8, 2015, from 

 Dokokin Amurka 
A Amurka, babu wani jirgi da ke da bayan gida da za a iya sarrafawa sai dai idan akwai MSD da aka amince da shi a cikin jirgin wanda ke aiki sosai. Dokar Ruwa Mai Tsabtace (CWA) ta haramta fitar da datti marar tsabta a cikin ruwan Amurka. Har ila yau, akwai ƙuntatawa a kan masana'antun jiragen ruwa da masu aiki. Masana'antun ba za su iya sayar da kowane jirgi da ke da kayan wanka ba sai dai idan akwai nau'in II ko nau'in III MSD mai aiki, ko na'urar Type I mai aiki a kan jirgi wanda ke ƙasa da ƙafa 65 (20 . Babu wani mutum da zai iya sarrafa jirgin sai dai idan akwai nau'in nau'in II ko nau'in III MSD ko na'urar nau'in I mai aiki. Idan jirgin yana cikin jikin ruwa fitar da datti mara magani ko magani ta haramta ta EPA, mai aiki da jirgin dole ne ya tabbatar da na'urar.Annex IV of MARPOL 73/78 Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by Sewage from Ships. (n.d.). Retrieved April 8, 2015, from 

 Manazarta 
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba