Emma Guffey Miller

Emma Guffey Miller (Yuli 6, 1874 Fabrairu 23, 1970) ɗan gwagwarmayar mata ne na Amurka kuma jami'in jam'iyyar Democrat na dogon lokaci. Ta kasance babbar mai ba da goyon baya ga Daidaita Haƙƙin Mata. 

 Rayuwar farko 
An haifi Miller Mary Emma Guffey a ranar 6 ga Yuli, 1874, a tashar Guffey, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, ga John Guffey (dan kasuwa wanda ya yi aiki a man fetur, gas, da kwal) da Barbaretta (Hough) Guffey. Tana da ɗan'uwa ɗaya, Joseph Guffey, wanda ya zama ɗan majalisar dattawan Amurka.  Miller ya halarci Kwalejin Bryn Mawr, ta kammala karatunsa a 1899.  Ta koyar da shekaru uku kafin ta sadu da Carroll Miller a tafiya zuwa Japan, inda a lokacin yana aiki.  Carroll Miller yayi aiki a matsayin injiniyan injiniya, zartarwa na kasuwanci, da jami'in gwamnati. Sun yi aure a ranar 28 ga Oktoba, 1902, kuma suka ci gaba da zama a Japan na tsawon shekaru biyar, wani ɓangare na lokacin ta koyar.  Suna da 'ya'ya hudu: William Gardner III (an haife shi 1905), tagwaye John da Carroll, Jr. (an haifi 1908), da Joseph (an haife shi 1912). 

 Rayuwar jama'a 
Miller ya kasance mai goyon bayan gwagwarmayar mata kuma a cikin 1920s yana ɗaya daga cikin masu shiryawa waɗanda suka haɗa ƙungiyoyin mata na Demokraɗiyya zuwa Ƙungiyar Matan Dimokuradiyya ta Pennsylvania.  Daga 1921 zuwa 1925 ta kasance memba a hukumar Pennsylvania ta League of Women Voters, amma mai kwazo na Democrat, ta yi murabus saboda dagewar da kungiyar ta yi akan rashin nuna banbanci.  Har ila yau, ta goyi bayan soke haramcin da kuma shugabannin Amurka Franklin D. Roosevelt da Harry S. Truman . 

Miller ta kasance wakili a kowane babban taron jam'iyyar Demokradiyar da ya fara a 1924, lokacin da ta zama mace ta farko da ta samu kuri'u don zaben shugaban kasa, har zuwa mutuwarta fiye da rabin karni.  Har ila yau, ta zama memba na Kwamitin Kasa na Democratic a 1930. 

 Shiga Jam'iyyar Mata ta Kasa 
Miller ya kasance memba na Jam'iyyar Mata ta Kasa kuma ya zama kujera a cikin 1960.  A cikin wannan matsayi ta yi aiki don Daidaita Daidaita Daidaita (ERA) ga Tsarin Mulki, yana mai dagewa cewa zaɓen ya kasance kawai rabin ma'auni kuma ya kasa sanya mata daidai da maza a cikin harkokin kasuwanci. Ta ce: "Mun fita daga ajin wawa, amma har yanzu a ajin yara."  A cikin 1938, ta ba da shaida a gaban Kwamitin Shari'a na Majalisar Dattijai don goyon bayan ERA da Sanata Burke ya gabatar kuma a cikin 1943 ta shawo kan Jam'iyyar Democrat ta shigar da ERA a cikin dandalin jam'iyya.  Masanin tarihi Rebecca DeWolf ya rarraba Miller a matsayin mai 'yanci wanda ya yi imani da daidaito ga mata. 

 Rayuwa ta sirri 
Mijin Miller ya mutu a shekara ta 1949. Miller ya mutu sakamakon bugun zuciya a ranar 23 ga Fabrairu, 1970, a Grove City, Pennsylvania .  Sannan yana da shekaru 95, Miller shine mafi tsufa memba na Kwamitin Kasa na Democratic .  An binne ta a makabartar Hollywood . 

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Mutuwan 1970
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba