Genomics na abinci mai gina jiki

Genomics na gina jiki, wanda kuma aka sani da nutrigenomics, kimiyya ce da ke nazarin dangantakar dake tsakanin kwayoyin halittar ɗan adam, abinci mai gina jiki da lafiyar ɗan adam . Mutanen da ke cikin filin suna aiki don haɓaka fahimtar yadda jiki duka ke amsa abinci ta hanyar ilimin halitta, da kuma alaƙar mahaɗin mahalli / abinci guda ɗaya.   Genomics na abinci mai gina jiki ya fito a matsayin sabon fagen bincike a 2001.  

 Gabatarwa 
Kalmar "genomics na gina jiki" kalma ce ta laima da ta haɗa da rukunoni da yawa, irin su nutrigenetics, nutrigenomics, da epigenetics na gina jiki . Kowanne daga cikin waɗannan rukunonin sun bayyana wani bangare na yadda kwayoyin halitta ke amsawa ga abubuwan gina jiki da bayyana takamaiman abubuwan halitta, kamar haɗarin cuta.  Akwai aikace-aikace da yawa don ilimin genomics mai gina jiki, misali nawa za a iya samun nasarar amfani da sa baki da jiyya don rigakafin cututtuka da magani. 

 Bayanan Bayani da Lafiya na Rigakafi 
Kimiyyar abinci mai gina jiki ta samo asali ne a matsayin filin da ya yi nazari kan mutanen da ba su da wasu abubuwan gina jiki da kuma abubuwan da suka biyo baya,  irin su scurvy na cututtuka wanda ke haifar da rashin bitamin C. Kamar yadda sauran cututtuka masu dangantaka da abinci (amma ba rashi ba), irin su kiba, ya zama mafi girma, kimiyyar abinci mai gina jiki ya fadada don rufe waɗannan batutuwa kuma.  Binciken abinci mai gina jiki yawanci yana mai da hankali kan matakan rigakafi, ƙoƙarin gano abin da abinci mai gina jiki ko abinci zai haɓaka ko rage haɗarin cututtuka da lalata jikin ɗan adam.  

Alal misali, ciwo na Prader-Willi, cuta wanda mafi mahimmancin mahimmanci shine rashin cin abinci, an danganta shi da wani nau'i na epigenetic wanda aka share kwafin uba a cikin yankin chromosomal da kuskure, kuma an kunna loci na uwa ta kan methylation .  Duk da haka, ko da yake ana iya haɗa wasu cututtuka zuwa wasu nau'ikan polymorphisms guda-nucleotide (SNPs) ko wasu ƙirar gida, bambancin tsakanin yawan jama'a na iya haifar da ƙarin polymorphisms. Bisen, Prakash A.; Debnath, Mousumi; Prasad, Godavarthi B.K.S. (2010). Molecular Dianostics: Promises and Possibilities. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 26..

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