Tarihin bautar jima'i a Amurka

Tarihin Bautar jima'i a Amurka shine tarihin bautar don manufar cin zarafin jima'i kamar yadda yake a Amurka.

 Amurkawa na Farko 
Wasu suna jayayya cewa tun farkon shekarun 1490 Christopher Columbus ya kafa kasuwanci a cikin bayi na jima'i a Hispaniola, wanda ya haɗa da bayi na jimaʼi tun yana ƙarami 9. A cikin shekaru 25 da aka mallake su, yawan 'yan asalin Hispaniola sun ragu sosai, saboda tasirin bautar, kisan kiyashi, da cututtukan cututtuka.

Koyaya, wasu suna la'akari da wannan jayayya ta samo asali ne daga kuskuren karatun takardu na farko. Columbus ya ambaci sayar da bayi, amma a matsayin mummunan hali na ƙungiyar 'yan tawaye. Ya ci gaba da wannan sharhi, "Na bayyana cewa mutane da yawa sun tafi Indiya, waɗanda ba su cancanci baftisma a idanun Allah ko mutane ba, kuma yanzu suna dawowa can. ” 

 A karkashin bautar dukiya 
Saboda dangantakar iko a wurin aiki, matan bayi a Amurka suna cikin haɗari mai girma don fyade da cin zarafin jima'i. An ɗauke su da 'ya'yansu akai-akai kuma an sayar da su a matsayin dabbobi na gona; yawanci ba su sake ganin juna ba. Bayin da yawa sun yi yaƙi da hare-haren jima'i, kuma wasu sun mutu suna tsayayya. Sauran suna dauke da alamun tunani da na jiki daga hare-haren. Cin zarafin jima'i na bayi ya samo asali ne daga al'adun kudancin da ke bi da mata baƙi a matsayin dukiya ko dukiya. Al'adun Kudancin sun yi amfani da karfi wajen yaki da jima'i tsakanin fararen mata da baƙar fata a kan dalilin tsarkakar launin fata amma, a ƙarshen karni na 18, yawancin bayi da yara bayi sun nuna cewa fararen maza sun yi amfani ga mata bayi.

Masu arziki masu shuka gwauraye, musamman kamar John Wayles da surukinsa Thomas Jefferson, sun dauki mata bayi a matsayin Ƙwaraƙwarai; kowannensu yana da 'ya'ya shida tare da abokin aikinsa: Elizabeth Hemings da 'yarta Sally Hemings (yar'uwar marigayi matar Jefferson), bi da bi. Dukansu Mary Chesnut da Fanny Kemble, matan masu shuka, sun rubuta game da wannan fitowar a cikin antebellum South a cikin shekarun da suka gabata kafin yakin basasa. Wani lokaci masu shuka suna amfani da bayi masu launin fata a matsayin ma'aikatan gida ko masu sana'a saboda su 'ya'yansu ne ko wasu dangi. A sakamakon ƙarni na bautar da irin wannan dangantaka, binciken DNA ya nuna cewa yawancin 'yan Afirka na Afirka suna da tarihin asalin Turai, gabaɗaya ta hanyar layin uba. Bayin ƙwaraƙwarai ne kawai bayin mata waɗanda suka ba da umarni mafi girma fiye da ƙwararrun bayin maza.

Kiwon bayi shine yunkurin mai bautar don kara yawan haihuwar bayinsa don riba. Ya haɗa da jima'i na tilasta tsakanin bayi maza da mata, ƙarfafa ciki na bawa, jima'i tsakanin maigida da bawa don samar da 'ya'yan bayi, da kuma fifita mata bayi waɗanda ke da yara da yawa. Hana shigo da bayi zuwa Amurka bayan 1808 ya iyakance samar da bayi a Amurka. Wannan ya zo ne a lokacin da kirkirar gin din auduga ya ba da damar fadada noma a cikin tsaunuka na gajeren auduga, wanda ya haifar da share ƙasashe da ke noma auduga ta manyan yankuna na Deep South, musamman Black Belt. Bukatar ma'aikata a yankin ta karu sosai kuma ta haifar da fadada kasuwar bayi ta ciki. A lokaci guda, Upper South yana da yawan bayi saboda canjin zuwa aikin gona, wanda ba shi da yawa fiye da taba. Don ƙarawa ga wadatar bayi, masu bautar bayi sun kalli yawan haihuwa na mata bayi a matsayin wani ɓangare na yawan amfanin su, kuma a wasu lokuta sun tilasta mata su sami yara da yawa. 

 A cikin Louisiana 
Tun daga farkon bautar Afirka a cikin yankunan Arewacin Amurka, ana kallon bayi a matsayin dukiya, maimakon mutane. Plaçage, tsarin da aka tsara na ƙwaraƙwalwa tsakanin mata bayi ko 'yanci masu launin fata, wanda aka haɓaka a Louisiana kuma musamman New Orleans a ƙarni na 18. Tsarin sanyawa ya samo asali ne daga rinjaye na fararen maza tsakanin mutanen mulkin mallaka na farko, waɗanda suka ɗauki mata a matsayin ma'aurata daga 'yan asalin ƙasar Amirka da bautar Afirka. A wannan lokacin akwai karancin mata na Turai, kamar yadda mazauna masu bincike da masu mulkin mallaka suka mamaye yankuna a farkon rana. Idan aka ba da mawuyacin hali a Louisiana, shawo kan mata su bi maza ba abu ne mai sauƙi ba. Faransa ta aika da mata da aka yanke musu hukunci tare da mazajensu masu bashi, kuma a cikin 1719, ta fitar da mata masu laifi 209 "waɗanda suke da halin da za a aika su zuwa mazaunin Faransa a Louisiana. "  Faransa kuma ta sake komawa mata da 'yan mata da' yan mata da aka sani da King's Daughters (Faransanci: filles du roi) zuwa yankunan Kanada da Louisiana don aure.

 Manazarta