Mata a Jordan

Matsayin siyasa, zamantakewa da tattalin arziki na mata a Jordan ya bambanta bisa ga dabi'un doka, al'adu, al'ada da addini a lokacin. Hakkin mata da abubuwan da suka faru a Jordan sun dogara da wasu dalilai, kamar aji, wurin asali, addini, da sauran dalilai, kamar iyali.[1] Wadannan tasirin sun bambanta da yanki, tare da mutanen Bedouins, Druze, da Chechen kowannensu yana da al'adun al'adu da halaye daban-daban. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an sami canje-canje masu mahimmanci a cikin sa hannun mata a siyasa, da kuma karuwar sa hannun jari a cikin zane-zane da wasanni. A cikin Global Gender Gap index, Jordan ta kasance a matsayi na 131 daga cikin kasashe 156 a cikin 2021.[2] Wannan ya haɗa da shiga tattalin arziki da dama, shiga ma'aikata, da rashin daidaito na albashi don irin wannan aikin.[2]

Yunkurin kare hakkin mata a Jordan yana da dogon tarihi mai wadata, tare da kungiyoyi kamar Kungiyar Mata ta Jordan da ke ba da shawara ga ilimin mata, haƙƙin siyasa, da sake fasalin shari'a. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, Jordan ta gabatar da sauye-sauyen shari'a da nufin inganta haƙƙin mata, kodayake manyan shingen daidaito tsakanin jinsi sun kasance a cikin ma'aikata.[1]

Har yanzu tashin hankali ga mata babban matsala ne a Jordan, tare da tashin hankali na gida, cin zarafin jima'i, da kashe-kashen girmamawa da ke faruwa a wasu al'ummomi. Kokarin magance wannan batun ya sami cikas saboda rashin kariya ta shari'a da al'adun rashin hukunci ga masu aikata laifin.[1]

 Mata da siyasa a Jordan 
Mata a Jordan suna ba da gudummawa mai mahimmanci ga duniyar fasaha, suna nuna ƙarfinsu da ƙarfafawa ta hanyar maganganunsu na fasaha. Wani nune-nunen da aka yi kwanan nan a Zara Gallery mai taken "Layin Ƙarfi" ya ƙunshi ayyukan mata huɗu na gida. [1] Hotunan su sun ɗauki kyan gani, da hankali, da sirrin mata, yayin da ke nuna kwarin gwiwa, sha'awarsu, da sha'awarsu. Ta hanyar salo da fasahohi daban-daban, waɗannan masu fasaha sun ba da motsin rai, ƙalubalanci ka'idojin zamantakewa, da zaburar da masu kallo. Ayyukan zane-zanen su na murna da juriyar mata kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga ƙarin fahimtar zƙoƙarin mata na fasaha a Jordan. [1]

 Wakilin siyasa 

 Tsarin shari'a na aiki 
Tsarin aiki na yanzu don haƙƙin mata a Jordan ya haɗa da Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Jordan, lambar matsayi na jama'a, Dokar Yanayin Mutum da dokar ƙasa da ƙasa game da haƙƙin ɗan adam. Ka'idodin gargajiya da al'adu na mata suna tasiri ga yadda ake kallon mata da kuma bi da su a Jordan.[1] Mata na Jordan, duk da haka, ba su sami damar jefa kuri'a ba har zuwa 1974. Wannan ya yi marigayi sosai ga yankin, inda wasu ƙasashe da yawa duk sun ba mata damar yin zabe a shekarar 1967.[2]

 Tsarin Mulki na Jordan 
An rubuta Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Jordan a shekara ta 1952 kuma ya ce duk "Jordaniyawa za su kasance daidai a gaban doka. Wannan ya haɗa da cewa maza da mata sun kasance daidai da doka kuma mata ba za su kasance ƙarƙashin maza ba kuma, kuma ba za a yi wariya ga 'yanci ba. ko ayyuka. An bayyana sashin "daidai da shari'a" a cikin labarin na 6. [1] Kada a nuna bambanci a tsakanin su dangane da hakkokinsu da ayyukansu na kabila, harshe ko addini." [2] Yawancin tanade-tanaden tsarin mulki sun tabbatar da haƙƙin asali da wakilcin siyasa ga kowa. A matsayin karin misali, Mataki na ashirin da biyu ya bayyana cewa kowane dan kasar Jordan yana da daidai daman nadawa da kuma yin aiki a ofishin gwamnati, cewa irin wadannan nade-naden "za a yi su ne bisa cancanta da cancanta." [3] Wani gyara a watan Janairu 2003 ya aiwatar da tsarin rabo a majalisar dokokin Jordan, kuma yayin da tsarin addini ya kasance na kujerun majalisar dokoki a cikin kundin tsarin mulki, ba da kujeru ga mata sabon abu ne kuma ya nuna cewa gwamnati ta amince da kuma tana son rushe shingen da mata ke fuskanta. tsayawa takara. [3] Dokar hukunta laifuka ta wucin gadi ta rage yanke hukunci ga mazan da suka aikata ta'addanci a kan mata a cikin "girmamawa" mahallin (duba ƙasa: "Ci gaba da Cin Hanci da Jinsi"). A cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, duk da haka, an gyara lambar. Yayin da dokar ta asali ta ba maza damar aiwatar da dokar da kansu, sabon gyara ya bar hukunci da yanke hukunci ga tsarin shari'a na jihar. [3] Babu wani tanadi a ƙarƙashin Dokar Ma'aikata ko Penal Code don kare mata daga cin zarafin mata . Kasar Jordan mamba ce ta kungiyoyin kasa da kasa da dama wadanda ke tabbatar da hakkin dan adam ga mata. [4]

 Yarjejeniyar kasa ta 1990 
Mata a Jordan sun ba da gudummawa mai mahimmanci ga duniyar fasaha, suna nuna ƙarfinsu da ƙarfafawa ta hanyar maganganunsu na fasaha. Wani nune-nunen da aka yi kwanan nan a Zara Gallery mai taken "Layin Ƙarfi" ya ƙunshi ayyukan mata huɗu na gida. [1] Hotunan su sun ɗauki kyan gani, da hankali, da sirrin mata, yayin da ke nuna kwarin gwiwa, sha'awarsu, da sha'awarsu. Ta hanyar salo da fasahohi daban-daban, waɗannan masu fasaha sun ba da motsin rai, ƙalubalanci ka'idojin zamantakewa, da zaburar da masu kallo. Ayyukan zane-zanen su na murna da juriyar mata kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga ƙarin fahimtar ƙoƙarin mata na fasaha a Jordan. [1]

 Yarjejeniyar kawar da dukkan nau'ikan nuna bambanci 
Yarjejeniyar kawar da dukkan nau'ikan nuna bambanci ga mata (wanda ake kira CEDAW) yarjejeniya ce ta babban taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. An karbe shi a shekara ta 1979 [1] Kasashe da yawa sun sanya hannu kan wannan yarjejeniyar, gami da Jordan a shekarar 1980, kuma Jordan ta tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar a shekarar 1992 [2] Wannan Yarjejeniyar ta samar da cikakken daidaito tsakanin maza da mata. Wannan ya haɗa da daidaito a rayuwar siyasa da jama'a da kuma aiki gabaɗaya.[3] Wannan taron ya kasance babban ci gaba a kan haƙƙin mata. Kasashen da suka sanya hannu kan wannan yarjejeniyar suna da iyaka ta hanyar doka don aiwatar da wannan yarjejeniyar a cikin ƙasarsu.[4] Taron ya kuma haɗa da ingantawa a fagen daidaito na aure, nauyin yara, da 'yancin zaɓe.

 Wakilin da aka zaba 
Yayin da shigar mata a majalisar dokokin Jordan ya karu cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, har yanzu ba a yi kasa a gwiwa ba. Duk da dokar ta 1974 da ta bai wa mata ‘yancin yin kamfen da yin aiki a ofis, kaɗan daga cikin matan Jordan a yau ne ke da kuzari ko jin daɗin tsayawa takara a siyasance, yayin da ma kaɗan ne ake zaɓe kuma a ƙarshe suna hidima. [1] A cikin 2016 da 2020, Sisterhood is Global Initiative a Jordan ta ƙaddamar da wani shiri mai suna "Ido Kan Mata" don sa ido kan ayyuka da liyafar kamfen ɗin siyasa na mata. [2] [3] Sarkin Jordan na yanzu, mai martaba Sarki Abdallah II, ya zartar da dokar da ke bukatar kason yawan mata a majalisar dokoki. [4] Tunda aka kafa kalmomin, 15 daga cikin kujerun 130 a cikin ƙananan gidan majalisa da suka saba kuma an sami nasarar samun nasarar mata. Sai dai mata sun samu kujeru 19 a zaben 2013. [5]

Dokta Alia Mohammed Odeh Abu Tayeh ta kasance fitacciyar ‘yar majalisar dattijai ta kasar Jordan, inda ta ke ba da gudummawa sosai ga harkokin majalisar dokokin kasar. A matsayinta na dan majalisar dattawa, tana wakiltar muradun mazabarta kuma tana shiga cikin ci gaban manufofi da yanke shawara da ke tsara makomar Jordan. Matsayinta na Sanata ya samo asali ne sakamakon jajircewar da ta yi wajen yiwa jama’a hidima da kuma sadaukar da kai wajen magance kalubalen al’umma. [1] Zaben Dr. Abu Tayeh a matsayin dan majalisar dattawa yana da matukar muhimmanci a fagen wakilcin mata a fagen siyasar kasar Jordan.

Nasarar da Dr. Abu Tayeh ya samu a matsayinsa na 'yar majalisar dattawa ta mata ya nuna irin ci gaban da ake samu wajen inganta shigar mata cikin harkokin siyasa na kasar Jordan. Zaben nata ya nuna mahimmancin inganta daidaiton jinsi da kuma baiwa mata damar gudanar da shugabanci. A zabukan 2020, kujeru 15 ne aka ware wa mata kuma an zabi daidai adadin (sake cikin kujeru 130).  'Yan takarar mata sun kasance 20.5% na mutane 1,674 da ke neman kujerar majalisar dokoki a 2020; a karshe sun samu kashi 11.5% na kujerun. 

Sarauniya Rania ta Jordan ta yi amfani da matsayinta da ikonta don tallafawa haƙƙin mata.[1] Iyalinta sun fito ne daga asalin Palasdinawa (mahaifinta ya fito ne daga Ṭūlkarm, mahaifiyarta daga Nablus) kuma an haife ta kuma ta girma a Kuwait . [1] Rania tana da ilimi sosai; tana da digiri na gudanar da kasuwanci daga Jami'ar Amurka da ke Alkahira (1991) kuma kafin ta auri Sarki Abdullah II a watan Janairun 1993, ta yi aiki a matsayin mai banki.[1] A matsayinta na Sarauniya, Rania ta goyi bayan haƙƙin mata, samun ilimi, damuwa game da muhalli, da ci gaban al'ummomin Jordan masu ƙarfi. A watan Maris na shekara ta 2008, ta kaddamar da shafin yanar gizon bidiyo a matsayin wani ɓangare na kokarin da ta yi na rushe ra'ayoyi game da Larabawa da inganta tattaunawa da Yamma.[1]

 Hukumar Mata ta Jordan 
Manufar Hukumar Kula da Mata ta Jordan (JNCW) ita ce ta "taimakawa da haɓaka hangen nesa na daidaito tsakanin jinsi a duk fannonin manufofi da kuma rage gibin tsakanin amincewa da haƙƙin mata kamar yadda doka ta bayyana da kuma ainihin halin al'umma ga mata ta hanyar inganta matsayin mata da haɓaka rawar da suke takawa a ci gaban ƙasa. " [1] Suna aiki don daidaita matsayin mata na zamantakewa, siyasa, da tattalin arziki a Jordan ta hanyar gabatar da dokokin da ke akwai game da haƙƙin Mata. [2] Har ila yau, JNCW tana aiki tare da cibiyoyin gwamnati daban-daban da kungiyoyin ba da agaji da fatan samun reshe da haɓaka ƙungiyarsu. A shekara ta 1996, majalisar ministocin Jordan ta sanya JNCW a matsayin hukuma "maɓallin magana" a kan dukkan batutuwan da suka shafi mata; yanzu tana ba da rahoto kai tsaye ga Firayim Minista. JNCW ta zama kusan cibiyar gwamnati da ke da alhakin tsara manufofi na kasa game da haƙƙin mata da ci gaban tattalin arziki.[3] Sarauniyarta ta sarauta Princess Basma tana zaune a matsayin shugaban kasa na yanzu kuma marigayi Sakatare Janar Asma Khader ne ya jagoranci, sanannen lauya mai rajin kare mata kuma Ministan Al'adu na baya wanda kuma ya kasance Shugaba na Jordan's Sisterhood is Global Institute (SIGI). [4] Janar Janar Maha Ali ne ya gaje ta.[5]

 Daidaitawar jinsi a Jordan 
Daidaiton jinsi yana da babban fa'ida, kuma rabin mutanen Jordan sun fahimci hakan. Duk da haka, ana buƙatar ƙarin ƙoƙari don cimma wannan, tun da kashi 18 cikin 100 ne kawai ke taka rawa wajen cimma wannan. [1] Mata suna fuskantar ƙalubale da yawa saboda jinsinsu a Jordan, gami da matsayin iyali, ƙa'idodin al'adu, rashin wakilci, ƙalubalen shari'a, da kuma kula da maza. [1] Koyaya, kashi 29 na tunanin cewa an riga an yiwa maza da mata cikakkiyar daidaito a Jordan. [1]

 wakilcin zamantakewa 

 Ilimi 
Kasar Jordan ce ke da mafi girman yawan karatun mata a Gabas ta Tsakiya a kashi 98.1%. [1] [2] Galibin matan Jordan sun yi karatu da ilimi sosai; bambance-bambance a cikin tsammanin aiki dangane da jinsi yakan samo asali ne daga ayyukan al'adu, ba gaskiyar cewa mata ba su da fifiko kamar maza. [1] Ilimin mata a Jordan kuma shine mafi girma a yankin MENA. [3]

Sharuɗɗan Tsarin Mulki sun tabbatar da haƙƙin asalin 'yan ƙasar Jordan ga ilimi. Mataki na 20 ya sanya ilimin firamare da ake buƙata ga dukan 'yan Jordan kuma kyauta a makarantun gwamnati.The Economic Advancement of Women in Jordan: A Country Gender Assessment.  An bayyana wannan tanadin kuma an ƙarfafa shi a cikin Dokar Ilimi. Gwamnatin Jordan tana kashe kashi 3.2% na GDP a kan ilimi (2021),  kuma tun daga 1980, Yawan karatu da rubutu a Jordan ga mata ya karu daga 69.2% zuwa 91% (2002), zuwa 97.4% (2012) kuma a ƙarshe zuwa 98.1% (2021). 

Mata da suka shiga a kowane mataki na makaranta suna da girma kuma matan Jordan suna da matsakaicin matsakaicin shekarun makaranta idan aka kwatanta da mata a Kuwait da Bahrain. Duk da yake tun daga shekara ta 2005 maza a Jordan sun sami shekaru 1.7 da yawa fiye da mata a Jordan, wannan bambancin ana ɗaukarsa ƙasa sosai ga yankin.[1] Adadin masu barin ba ya wuce gona da iri. Mata da suka bar makaranta suna da'awar ainihin dalilin su (a matakai daban-daban) shine aure da alhakinsu a gida, yayin da maza da suka bar suna cewa suna yin hakan ne da farko don samun aiki da taimaka wa iyalansu samun kuɗi.[1]

Amincewar iyali game da ilimin mace yana da mahimmanci. Lokacin da iyali mafi talauci ba zai iya sanya yara fiye da ɗaya a makaranta ba, yaron zai iya samun ilimi kuma ana sa ran yarinyar za ta mai da hankali kan ƙwarewar gida, kuma wannan ya samo asali ne daga rashin daidaito tsakanin jinsi.[1] Duk da yake mata suna da damar zuwa makaranta na asali, samun damar horar da fasaha yana da iyaka yayin da ake sa ran mata suyi nazarin batutuwa da ke da alaƙa da matsayinsu na mata da uwaye - kamar fasaha, bil'adama, da koyarwa (2005). [2] Akwai yawan jinsi a cikin litattafan Jordan.[3]

Mata na Jordan sun kasance masu aiki a ilimi sama da ƙarni guda, kamar yadda mace ta farko da ta koyar da darussan makarantar sakandare a Jordan ita ce Zainab Abu Ghneimah a shekarar 1922. An fara gabatar da darussan mata a Jami'ar Jordan ta hanyar Rula Quawas, wanda a baya ya kafa kuma Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Mata ta Jami'ar.

Sarauniyar Jordan, Rania, tana tallafawa ilimi ga dukkan yara a Jordan tare da tushe 'The Queen Rania Foundation for Education and Development' wanda aka kafa a shekarar 2013.[1] Gidauniyar tana taimakawa wajen bincike da ci gaba a cikin ilimin Jordan kuma kwanan nan ta gano cewa a Jordan 'yan mata ne ke da mafi yawan kashi a ilimi idan aka kwatanta da yara maza wanda ya haifar da bambancin jinsi.[2] Sarauniya Rania kuma mai ba da shawara ce ga UNICEF kuma ta kasance shugabar girmamawa ta duniya ta UNICEF United Nations Girls' Education Initiative a shekara ta 2009.[3]

 Aiki 
Akwai tanade-tanaden kundin tsarin mulki da suka tabbatar da ainihin hakkin 'yan kasar Jordan na yin aiki. Babu wani abu a cikin Islama, mafi yawan addini a Jordan, ya hana mata yin haka. [1] Kundin Tsarin Mulki ya ce, "Aiki shine haƙƙin dukan 'yan ƙasa," "Ayyukan sun dogara ne akan iyawa ," da kuma "Dukan [1] yan Jordan suna daidai da doka. harshe ko addini ." [1] Dokokin Ma'aikata sun kara fayyace Kundin Tsarin Mulki: "By Jordanians ana nufin duka maza da mata." [1] Dokar Ma'aikata ta bayyana ma'aikaci / ma'aikaci / ma'aikaci a matsayin "kowane mutum, namiji ko mace, wanda ke yin aiki don mayar da albashi." Kundin tsarin mulki ya ce gwamnati "za ta tabbatar da aiki da ilimi a cikin iyakokin iyakoki, kuma za ta tabbatar da zaman lafiya da dama ga dukkan 'yan Jordan." [1] Aiki shine "haƙƙin kowane ɗan ƙasa," kuma "Jihar za ta ba da damar yin aiki ga dukan 'yan ƙasa ta hanyar jagorancin tattalin arzikin ƙasa da haɓaka matsayinsa." Dokokin ƙwadago na Jordan sun kare mata daga rasa ayyukansu yayin da suke da juna biyu kuma suna ba su taimako da kulawa da yara . [2] Yayin da dokokin da kansu ke inganta adalci da daidaito, al'adun gargajiya na maza da mata da kuma "yanayin ubangida na tsarin shari'a " suna ba da gudummawa ga rashin ganin mata a wuraren aiki da kuma rashin daidaito da suke fuskanta sau ɗaya a can. [1]

Rashin daidaito tsakanin jinsi a Jordan a yau ya samo asali ne daga matsayin jinsi na gargajiya wanda ya shiga cikin al'adun Jordan. "A tushen shingen ga aikin mata shine halayen gargajiya waɗanda ke sanya babban darajar matsayin mata a cikin masu zaman kansu da kuma cikin iyali wanda ke da mahimmanci a cikin al'ummar Jordan. " The Economic Advancement of Women in Jordan: A Country Gender Assessment. ra'ayoyin sun dogara ne akan ra'ayoyinsu cewa: " (a) maza da mata sun bambanta da halitta kuma waɗannan bambance-bambance na halitta sun ƙayyade aikin zamantakewarsu; (b) maza da Mata suna da ayyuka daban-daban da suka dace a cikin iyali; kuma (c) suna da hakkoki daban-daban amma daidai da ke da ke da alaƙa da waɗannan alhakin. "

"Tsarin gargajiya" na jinsi na Jordan yana sa ran mata su yi aure da wuri kuma su ba da gudummawa ga iyali a matsayin mai gida, matar da uwa.[1] Ya ɗauka cewa mutumin zai kula da gidan kuma zai ciyar da iyalinsa ta hanyar kuɗi. Mata, a matsayin mata da uwaye, ana ganin su a matsayin masu rauni kuma suna buƙatar kariya da ya kamata mijin ya bayar. Hakkin maza na kare matansu da 'ya'yansu ana ɗaukarsa isasshen hujja don yin amfani da iko a kan mata a duk fannoni na yanke shawara game da bangarorin jama'a da masu zaman kansu. Saboda wannan al'ada, hulɗar mata da wakilci a siyasa da al'umma mijinta ne ke shiga tsakani.[1] Duk da yake wannan tsarin ya wanzu har zuwa wani mataki a duk faɗin duniya, ya fi shahara a Jordan yayin da ya zama tsari kuma ya mamaye tsarin doka.
alt=Four women, one in a wheelchair and two wearing headscarves, sitting around a table assembling mosaics with tools and materials|left|thumb|Mata suna tattara mosaics a cikin shirin da gwamnati ke tallafawa
7rashin aikin yi, rashin aikin yi, bambance-bambance a cikin albashi da rarrabewar aiki sune manyan dalilai huɗu a cikin tattalin arziki waɗanda ke tasiri ga matakin aikin mata.[1] Dangane da rashin aikin yi, kashi 15% na maza ba su da aikin yi yayin da kashi 25% na mata ba su da aiki kuma kashi 82% na mata masu shekaru 15-29 ba su da sana'a.[1] Mata ba su da aiki saboda ana daukar su aiki ƙasa da maza da ke da karancin ilimi saboda manyan sassan tattalin arzikin Jordan sun kasance kuma an rufe su ga mata.[1] Maza da ba su da ilimi galibi suna da ayyuka da yawa yayin da mata ke da ilimi mafi kyau, wanda ke haifar da mata da yawa da ke buƙatar ayyukan da ke buƙatar ƙaramin ilimi fiye da yadda suke da su. Nuna bambanci a Jordan ba ya bambanta da ko'ina a duniya, amma a hade da al'adun gargajiya da al'adu - kamar kasancewa da alhakin yankin masu zaman kansu (iyali da gida) - ana fitar da mata daga ma'aikata.[2] Dokar Jordan ta ba da shawarar cewa ya kamata mata su yi biyayya ga mazajensu saboda maza suna tallafa wa iyali, kuma idan ta yi rashin biyayya mijinta na iya dakatar da tallafin kudi.[1] Bugu da kari, maza sun ɗauki ikon hana matansu aiki, kuma kotunan Jordan sun tabbatar da waɗannan dokoki.[1] Bugu da ƙari, yayin da kisan gilla na girmamawa ke faruwa akai-akai kuma a halin yanzu suna kan karuwa, mata ba su da ƙwazo don barin lafiyar gidajensu.[1] Dokoki a Jordan game da kisan gilla na girmamawa suna ci gaba da ba da damar kotuna su magance masu aikata laifin a hankali.[1]

Rarrabawar aiki ta wanzu a kowane bangare na ma'aikatan Jordan kamar yadda rabuwa ta tsaye da ta kwance take.[1] Rarrabawar tsaye tana nufin manufar R7ufin gilashi, inda mata ke mai da hankali kan ƙananan ayyuka, ƙananan ayyuka kuma ba za su iya shiga cikin matakan da suka fi girma ba. Rarrabawar kwance tana faruwa ne lokacin da wasu ayyukan suka fi dacewa da mata. Misali, yawancin maza na Jordan ma'aikatan gwamnati ne kuma suna cika manyan mukamai yayin da matan Jordan ke mai da hankali kan ayyukan matsakaici. Sakamakon iyakantaccen ci gaban tattalin arzikin mata da ƙarancin shiga cikin mata a cikin ma'aikata yana haifar da ƙaranciyar amfani da ƙarfin samar da ƙasa (Bankin Duniya ya kiyasta cewa a halin yanzu yana cikin rabin damarsa), ƙananan matsakaicin kuɗin shiga na gida da ƙananan GDP na kowane mutum.[1] Babban ƙalubale ga haɗa mata daidai a cikin wurin aiki shine shawo kan halayen gargajiya ga mata da ayyukan da ake tsammani a matsayin uwaye da mata.[1] Canjin halin zai haifar da canjin "dokokin jinsi" da kuma rawar da mata ke takawa a matsayin masu kula da gida.[1]

A watan Yulin 2021, Ministan yada labarai na Jordan Sakher Dudin ya yi kira ga hadin gwiwar jama'a da masu zaman kansu don karfafa mata a tattalin arziki, tunda mata a Jordan sun kunshi kashi 15 cikin dari na ma'aikata gaba ɗaya, a cewar rahoton da Ma'aikatar Kididdiga ta buga.[1]

 Ma'aikatan ƙaura na gida a Jordan 
Kimanin ya sanya ma'aikatan ƙaura miliyan ɗaya a cikin aiki a Jordan (ko da yake kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku ne kawai aka rubuta) kuma yawancin su mata ne da suka zo daga Philippines, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, da Uganda.[1][2] Wadannan mata galibi suna aikawa da kudade zuwa kasashensu a matsayin tushen samun kudin shiga na iyali. Ma'aikata da yawa a ƙarƙashin tsarin "Kafala" (Sponsorship) wanda ke da amfani sosai don tsara dangantakar tsakanin ma'aikata da ma'aikata, gami da sanya matsayin ma'aikata a cikin ƙasar ya dogara da ma'aikatan. Mutane da yawa suna sukar aikin Kafala, gami da Kungiyar Ma'aikata ta Duniya, Kungiyar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Jordan Tamkeen, da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.[3][4] Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Cikin Gida ta Duniya (a shekara ta 2009) tana aiki tare da cibiyoyin sadarwa a Jordan don inganta yanayin aiki mai kyau, kodayake mata masu ƙaura da yawa sun dogara da cibiyoyi na al'ada don tallafi.[1] A shekara ta 2009, Jordan a matsayin ƙasa ɗaya a yankin ta karɓi ma'aikatan gida masu ƙaura a ƙarƙashin dokar aiki ta ƙasa.[5] Tsarin Kafala, duk da haka, har yanzu ba a ambaci shi musamman a cikin waɗannan dokoki ba wanda ke nufin bai warware batutuwan rashin daidaito ga ma'aikatan ƙaura na cikin gida ba.[6]

 Cibiyar sadarwa ta yau da kullun 
Cibiyar Taimako ta Musulunci a Jordan misali ne na wata hanya ta matsakaicin matsakaicin mata na Jordan suna iya sadarwa da haɗawa akan abubuwan da suka faru. Maimakon yin aiki kamar "taimako" na gargajiya, an kafa waɗannan cibiyoyin agaji na Islama a kan tushen zamantakewa.[1] Duk da yake waɗannan ba su da alaƙa da jihar a hukumance, suna tasiri ga ƙasar a cikin zamantakewa da siyasa.

Sauran kungiyoyin al'umma a Jordan, kamar Asusun Hashemite na Jordan, suna ƙarfafa mata su kafa kwamitocin su, su gudanar da zaben kananan hukumomi, kuma su kafa kananan hadin gwiwar mata kawai. Lokacin da yawancin waɗannan shirye-shiryen suka fara a cikin shekarun 1980, sun sami adawa mai mahimmanci daga shugabannin al'umma, tare da wasu barazanar rufe kwamitocin mata a yankinsu.[1]

A cikin zane-zane, Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Mata ta Jordan, wadda aka ƙaddamar a cikin 2020 ta dan kasuwa mai kula da kiɗa Mais Sahli, yana cikin ƙungiyoyin da ke aiki don inganta matan Jordan a masana'antun kere-kere.

Wani muhimmin mace a cikin sadarwar yau da kullun a Jordan ita ce Sarauniya Rania . Tare da tushe ta shirya shirye-shirye da yawa a fannonin ilimi, haƙƙin mata da haƙƙin yara.[1] Sarauniya Rania ta nuna cewa ta himmatu ga mutanenta kuma ta saka hannun jari wajen inganta rayuwar talakawanta ta hanyar ƙoƙarin buɗe Jordan zuwa tasirin zamani tare da kasuwancin ta.[2] A matsayinta na mace mai matsayi a Jordan, Sarauniya Rania ta tabbatar da kanta ba kawai kasancewa Uwargidan Shugaban kasa ba, matar sarki, da uwa; amma kuma ta zama mace da ke cikinta kuma tana ba da gudummawa ga al'ummarta.[2]

 Wasanni 
Dima da Lama Hattab (Disamba 31, 1980) 'yan'uwa mata tagwaye ne daga Jordan, da farko an san su a matsayin 'yan gudun hijirar mata na farko a Gabas ta Tsakiya don shiga tseren jimiri, Marathon des Sables . [1] Dima da Lama Hattab sun fuskanci kalubale lokacin da suke neman tallafi daga manyan kamfanoni a Jordan saboda rashin goyon bayan ayyukan wasanni. Duk da fuskantar matsaloli, sun kuduri aniyar tabbatar da iyawar matan Larabawa ga duniya. [2] Qamar Majali, wacce ke jagorantar hukumar kula da keken keke ta mata, ta yarda cewa duk da cewa ba a nuna wa mata wariya a wasannin motsa jiki a Jordan, samun tallafin daukar nauyin ‘yan wasa mata yana da matukar wahala.

Majali ya bayyana cewa, kamfanoni gaba daya suna shakku wajen daukar nauyin mata, saboda imanin cewa mata da wuya su samu nasara a gasar wasanni. [1] Sai dai, ba kamar a wasu kasashen Larabawa ba, matan da suka yi fice a fagen wasanni a kasar Jordan ba sa fuskantar suka. Idan tagwayen sun cimma burinsu, za su shiga cikin wasu zababbun matan Larabawa da suka shahara ta fannin wasanni, irinsu Gimbiya Haya, matar Sheikh Mohammad bin Rashed, Yariman Dubai mai jiran gado. [1] Gimbiya Haya tana da banbancin kasancewarta 'yar wasan Larabawa mafi ƙanƙanta don fafatawa a wasan dawaki kuma mace Balarabe ta farko kuma 'yar gidan sarautar Larabawa da ta shiga gasar Olympics. [1]

 Kare kai don yakar yancin mata 
Akwai na musamman na kariyar kai da kuma wasan motsa jiki na mata, waɗanda suke so su koyi tsayawa kansu da kare kansu. [1] Lina Khalifeh ce ta kafa wannan, kuma ta yi jayayya cewa hakan yana da babban tasiri a rayuwar mata. Hakan zai taimaka wa mata su kare kansu daga cin zarafin da maza ke yi musu.

Mata a Jordan sun ba da gudummawa mai mahimmanci ga duniyar fasaha, suna nuna ƙarfinsu da ƙarfafawa ta hanyar maganganunsu na fasaha. Wani nune-nunen da aka yi kwanan nan a Zara Gallery mai taken "Layin Ƙarfi" ya ƙunshi ayyukan mata huɗu na gida. [1] Hotunan su sun ɗauki kyan gani, hankali, da sirrin mata, yayin da suke nuna amincewarsu, sha'awarsu, da sha'awarsu. Ta hanyar salo da fasahohi daban-daban, waɗannan masu fasaha sun ba da motsin rai, ƙalubalanci ka'idojin zamantakewa, da zaburar da masu kallo. Ayyukan zane-zanen su na murna da juriyar mata kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga ƙarin fahimtar ƙoƙarin mata na fasaha a Jordan. [1]

Ta hanyar hanyoyin fasaha daban-daban, kamar zane-zane, sassaka, da fasahar wasan kwaikwayo, waɗannan matan suna ƙalubalantar ƙa'idodin al'umma kuma suna sake fayyace matsayin jinsi na gargajiya. [1] Ayyukan zane-zanen su yana aiki azaman kayan aiki mai ƙarfi don bayyana kai, gwagwarmaya, da sharhin zamantakewa. Ta hanyar dawo da wuraren jama'a da kuma haɗa ra'ayoyin mata a cikin aikinsu, waɗannan masu fasaha sun yi tasiri sosai a kan yanayin birane. [1] Sana'arsu ba wai kawai tana magance batutuwan zamantakewa ba har ma tana ƙarfafa tattaunawa da haɓaka haɗa kai tsakanin al'umma. Ƙoƙarin fasaha na matan Jordan sun ƙunshi jigogi iri-iri, gami da ƙarfafa mata, asalin al'adu, da adalci na zamantakewa. Ta hanyar ra'ayoyinsu na musamman da ba da labari, waɗannan masu fasaha suna ba da gudummawa ga fage mai ban sha'awa da fa'ida a cikin Jordan. [1]

 Hakkin iyali 

 Aure 
Mazajen Jordan sun ƙayyade iyawar matansu don amfani da haƙƙoƙin da aka tabbatar da su ta hanyar tsarin mulki don aiki da sauran ayyukan jama'a. Dokokin Jordan da al'adu sun nuna cewa maza suna da wani iko a kan matansu don yin sulhu da hulɗarsu da jama'a. Maza suna sa ran matansu su yi biyayya saboda suna aiki don tallafa wa iyali ta hanyar kudi.[1] Wasu gyare-gyare sun jinkirta wannan "mallaka" ga 'yan mata. Misali, Majalisar Dokokin Jordan ta kara shekarun aure zuwa 18 ga yara maza da mata, kamar yadda dokar da ta gabata ta sanya shekarun doka don aure a 16 ga yara maza kuma 15 ga 'yan mata, wanda ya inganta auren farko da kuma barin makaranta ga' yan mata masu aure.[1]

 Saki 
Mata ‘yan kasar Jordan wadanda suke son shigar da karar auren dole ne su yi hakan ta kotunan addini da aka fi sani da tsarin kotunan Shari’a.  Bambance-bambancen tawili da aiwatar da dokar saki, duk da haka, akwai a tsakanin kotunan Musulunci a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Musamman ma kisan aure a kasar Jordan ya kan yi watsi da yancin mata kuma ya bar mata ba komai idan iyalansu ba sa tallafa musu. Sau da yawa matan Jordan ba sa son neman saki saboda akwai babban rashin mutuncin al'ada ga matan Jordan da suka rabu tun da ana zargin wadannan matan da laifin barin auren da kuma cin amanar iyali. 

A shekarun baya-bayan nan, tun daga shekarar 2010, gwamnati ta dukufa wajen ganin an gyara matsalar a tsarin kotuna, ta hanyar sauya tsarin shari’a tare da ba wa mata karin hakki. [1] Alal misali, "An samar da wata sabuwar doka da za ta tilasta wa maza biyan kudin alawus na tsawon shekaru uku maimakon watanni shida, wanda a baya haka yake." [1] Saboda maza suna da 'yancin sakin aure kuma su daina tallafa wa matansu idan sun kasance "masu rashin biyayya" wata doka ta samar da wani asusu na wajaba ga matan da aka sake su, ta tabbatar musu da sulhu daga tsohon mijin nasu. [2]

 Yara 
Uban yana da alhakin fasaha na kayan yara, kulawa da ilimi yayin da mahaifiyar ke da alhakin "kulawan jiki da reno" na yara. [1] <> yayin da ake ɗaukar uba a matsayin " majibincin halitta", idan iyayen suka rabu, uwar za ta ɗauki nauyin kulawa. [1] A yau, duk da haka, yara "na ne" na iyaye biyu amma uwar gaba ɗaya tana zama a gida don renon yara.

 Dukiya 
Yayin da binciken mata da haƙƙin mallaka ya nuna cewa kotunan Islama sun “taimaka wa mata haƙƙin mallaka,” mata a Jordan sun mallaki ƙasa da ƙasa da danginsu maza. [1] A cikin tarihi har yau, lokacin da mata suka mallaki dukiya kuma suka gaji, an sha matsa musu akai-akai don ba da ƙasarsu ga ’yan uwa maza. [1] Sakamakon haka, kasa da kashi hudu na dukkan kadarorin da ke Jordan mallakar mata ne. [1]

 Tashin Hankali Na Jinsi 

 Bayanan tushe 
A cikin kasashen Larabawa, harkokin cikin gida da na aiki sun banbanta sosai, kuma tattaunawa kan 'yancin mata na tafe. Cibiyoyi da yawa ba su wanzu a Amurka har yanzu suna tsaye a Jordan, kamar rashin samun damar samun ilimi ga mata a kasashen Larabawa . A cikin 1988, Binciken Ma'aikata da Rashin Aiki ya gano cewa kashi 22% na matan Jordan dalibai ne kuma ba kasa da kashi 76% na mata matan gida ne. [1] Bugu da kari, mata kan fara aiki a kasar Jordan tun suna kanana, wadanda yawancinsu ba su da ilimi. [1] Abin da ake tsammani ga yawancin matan Jordan shine ko dai su kasance a gidansu ko kuma su yi aure su zauna tare da mazajensu, suna sarrafa gidajensu yayin da mazajensu suka tafi. [1] Kusan dukkan matan kasar Jordan sun dogara da maza a fannin tattalin arziki a rayuwarsu, wanda hakan ya sa su fi fuskantar tashin hankali a gidajensu. [1]

A Jordan, gidan mace zai iya zama wuri mafi haɗari a gare su. Mafi akasarin cin zarafin mata a kasar Jordan na faruwa ne a cikin gida, wadanda a mafi yawan lokuta ke da alaka da wanda aka azabtar. Binciken da aka yi a yanzu ya nuna cewa akwai hanyoyi da dama da ake iya yin tashin hankali a cikin gida, tun daga zagi har zuwa lalata . [1] Mafi matsananci duka shine kisan gilla, inda ake kashe matan da ake zargi da kaucewa ka'idojin da al'umma suka gindaya don dawo da martabar mutum. [1] Al'ummar Jordan galibi ana daukar su a matsayin wani sabon tsarin mulki, a ma'anar cewa dangantakar iko ba ta jinsi kadai ke tasiri ba, har ma ta hanyar aji, dangi, ko ikon dangin ku na iya rikewa. [1] Kisan girmamawa shine yanayin kula da zamantakewa, ta yin amfani da tsoro don kiyaye mata a cikin matsayi na ƙasa don kiyaye ikonsu da mutuncinsu.

 Kisan mutuntaka 
.

Laifukan girmamawa wani abu ne na cin zarafi da ’yan uwa suke yi wa matan da ake ganin sun kunyata iyali ta wata hanya. Mata za su iya " kunyata" danginsu ta hanyar yin " cin amanar aure, jima'i kafin aure da kwarkwasa ", ko kuma yin fyade [1] Dokar hukunta laifuka ta Jordan a yau har yanzu ta ƙunshi tanadin da ke ba da uzuri don girmama laifuffuka ta hanyar ba mai laifi sassauci ga hukunci. Yawancin wadannan kashe-kashen ba a bayar da rahotonsu ba, amma a kowace shekara ’yan uwa ne ke kashe mata goma domin a “dawo da martaba”. [1] Kisan girmamawa yana faruwa a Gabas ta Tsakiya da ma duniya baki daya. Hukumar kare hakkin bil adama ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta bayar da rahoton kisan gilla a Bangladesh, Birtaniya, Brazil, Ecuador, Masar, Indiya, Isra'ila, Italiya, Jordan, Pakistan, Maroko, Sweden, Turkiyya, da Uganda sun fallasa cewa wannan al'ada " ta shiga cikin al'adu kuma a fadin addinai." [1]

Yana da wuya a canza doka (musamman sashe na 340 na kundin hukunta manyan laifuka na Jordan) domin a al'adance ana ɗaukar cin zarafin mata a matsayin "batun sirri" maimakon "alhakin ƙasa." [1] A haƙiƙa, an yi wani yaƙin neman zaɓe na kare hakkin mata a duk faɗin ƙasar, wanda Sarki Abdullah da Sarauniya Rania suka goyi bayan, don gyara Mataki na 340, wanda ya ba masu aikata laifin kisan gilla sassauci a kotunan Jordan. [1]

 Mataki na 340 (a) 
Dokar Jordan tana kare masu laifi waɗanda suka kashe a cikin sunan girmamawa a ƙarƙashin Mataki na 340 A. Dokar ta ce "Duk wani mutumin da ya kashe ko ya kai hari ga matarsa ko kowane danginsa mata a cikin yin zina ko a cikin "gadon da ba bisa ka'ida ba" yana amfana daga rage hukunci".[1] An yi gyare-gyare na Mataki na 340 A a shekara ta 2001 bayan da mutane da yawa suka tura su gyara dokar kuma suka sami karin hankali bayan Kungiyar Mata ta Jordan ta kafa gidan yanar gizo na farko na tashin hankali na cikin gida. Rana Husseini, wani shahararren ɗan jarida kuma mai fafutuka na Jordan, ya kuma rinjayi sauya dokokin ta hanyar rufe kisan girmamawa a cikin kafofin watsa labarai. A cikin 1999, fadar ta kawar da hanyoyin iyali da kabilanci don magance batutuwan da suka shafi girmamawa. Kashe-kashen girmamawa yanzu babban lamari ne wanda aka kawo kotun masu aikata laifuka. Duk da yunkurin da aka yi na musanta gyare-gyaren da aka yi wa Zababben Ƙananan Majalisar a cikin 1999 da 2000, a shekara ta 2001 an canza Mataki na 340 A don haɗa mata, yana mai da shi tsaka-tsaki na jinsi. Wannan ya yiwu ne kawai bayan dakatar da majalisar dattijai a ƙarshen shekara ta 2001, wanda ya ba da damar yin gyare-gyare. A cewar Human Rights Watch, "A cikin labarin 340, an yi wa dokar "na wucin gadi" gyare-gyare maimakon sokewa: ba za a sake wanke mazaje ba saboda kisan mata marasa aminci, amma a maimakon haka za a dauki yanayin a matsayin shaida don rage hukunci. Kuma, a bayyane ƙoƙarin sauƙaƙe masu goyon bayan sokewa, an mika ragewa ga mata da maza".[1]

 Mataki na 98 
Mas’ala ta 98 ta bayyana cewa “za a kebe wanda ya aikata laifin kisan kai idan laifin da ya aikata ya kasance saboda ‘yanayin fushi mai tsanani don mayar da martani ga wani zalunci da babban abin da aka yi wa wanda aka azabtar.” [1] Wannan doka yana yanke hukunci ga wanda ya aikata laifin kuma zai iya yanke musu hukuncin kasa da watanni 6. A cikin matsanancin yanayi, mafi ƙarancin hukuncin yana ƙara zuwa shekara guda kawai. [2] Mataki na 98 yana aiki ne lokacin da aka sami ko ƴan shaida na wani haramtaccen aiki da ke haifar da fushi. "Wannan dokar ta ba da umarnin rage hukunci ga mai laifi (kowane jinsi) wanda ya aikata laifi a cikin "yanayin fushi mai girma (ko "fushi da fushi") sakamakon wani haramtaccen aiki da haɗari daga bangaren wanda aka azabtar. "Wannan na iya zama ko'ina daga hunch zuwa ainihin shaidar wani lamari. Idan wanda ya aikata laifin ya aikata hukuncin da aka kayyade a lokacin da shari'a ta yi, za a iya sake shi a matsayin mai 'yanci bayan an yi masa shari'a. [2]

 lamuran 
Ɗaya daga cikin misalai na kisan kai a Jordan ya faru ne a sansanin 'yan gudun hijira na Hussein, a ranar 1 ga Satumba 2002, inda ɗan'uwanta mai shekaru 19, Ra'ed ya kashe Su'ad mai shekaru 21.[1] Takardun kotu, maganganun shaida, da maganganun karewa sun bayyana cewa Su'ad tana cikin dangantaka da maƙwabcinta, Mahmoud. Wannan dangantakar ta haifar da ciki, tare da Su'ad daga ƙarshe ya tafi Sashin Tsaro na Iyali saboda ciwon ciki.[1] Iyayen Su'ad sun sanar da juna biyu ta hanyar Family Protection Unit, kuma ɗan'uwan Su'ad, Ra'ed ya isa gidan iyali a ranar 31 ga watan Agusta, ba tare da sanin ciki ba. Makwabta na iyayen Su'ad sun kira Ra'ed "ɗan'uwan karuwa" lokacin da ya isa, wanda ya sa iyayen Ra'ed su sanar da Ra'ed game da ciki na Su'ad.[1] An ruwaito cewa Ra'ed ta kusanci Su'ad kuma ta yi tambaya game da ciki, wanda Su'ad ta amsa ta hanyar tabbatar da cewa tana da "yanci don yin abin da take so tare da jikinta da rayuwarta".[1]

Washe gari da misalin karfe 5:30 Ra'ed ya shiga dakin Su'ad da igiyar igiya ya shake ta har lahira, bayan ya mika kansa ga hukuma. Daga baya Ra'ed ya shaida cewar ya kashe 'yar uwarsa ne saboda "babu wanda yake da girma da zai yarda 'yar uwarsa ta bata sunan danginsa." A daya daga cikin wasikun da lauyan da ke kare ya rubuta zuwa ga alkali, an rubuta cewa Su’ad “ya cancanci mutuwa saboda daukar ciki ba tare da aure ba ya wuce duk wani tunani na addini ko na dabi’a. [1] Lauyan wanda ake tuhuma ya kuma yi aiki don shawo kan alkali ya aiwatar da Mataki na ashirin da 98, labarin da ke bayyana cewa girmama wadanda suka aikata laifin kisan gilla na iya samun raguwar hukunce-hukunce idan aka tabbatar da cewa suna cikin "halin fushi mai tsanani wanda ya haifar da wani haramtaccen aiki da hadari daga bangaren wanda aka kashe." [1] Alkalin ya sanar da laifin kisan kai, ba da gangan ba, ta hanyar sashi na 326 na kundin laifuffuka, sannan kuma ya aiwatar da Mataki na 98 don baiwa Ra'ed rangwamen hukunci na shekara guda, yana mai cewa ya rasa "masu iko akan nasa". ayyuka" cikin tsananin fushinsa. [1]

An yi wa doka ta 98 kwaskwarima a shekarar 2017, inda a yanzu ke bayyana cewa "wadanda suka aikata laifuka "da mata" ba za su iya samun rangwame hukunce-hukunce ba. [1] Duk da haka, Mataki na ashirin da 340 na wannan doka har yanzu ya ba da izinin rage hukunce-hukunce ga "waɗanda suka kashe matansu sun gano suna yin zina." [1] [2]

A watan Afrilun 2010, an tuhumi wani mutum mai shekaru 33 da laifin "dakatar da matarsa har lahira tare da jefar da gawarta a kan babbar hanyar da ta kai ga filin jirgin sama na Sarauniya Alia ". Maigidan cikin sauki ya furta cewa ya kashe matarsa ne domin ya kare mutuncinsa, kasancewar ta fita haduwa da wani abokinsa ba tare da izininsa ba.

A ranar 18 ga watan Yulin 2020, wani babban tashin hankali game da kisan gilla ya fara ne a Jordan bayan wani kisan gishiri mai ban tsoro ya faru a bayyane a kan titin jama'a. "Wani mutum ya kashe 'yarsa, Ahlam, ta hanyar murkushe kanta da wani katako a bayyane a kan titin jama'a, sannan ya zauna kusa da jikinta, yana shan sigari kuma yana shan kofin shayi. Masu shaida sun ruwaito wannan labarin kuma ana iya ganinsa a cikin bidiyon bidiyo da ke yawo a kafofin sada zumunta, inda masu kallo za su iya jin kukan Ahlam. Shaidu sun kuma sun yi iƙirarin cewa 'yan uwan Ahlam sun hana kowa ya zo mata. " 

A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2023, an kashe mata uku a Jordan a cikin mako guda saboda 'girmamawa' a cewar mai gabatar da kara na Babban Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka.[1] Ɗaya daga cikin shari'o'in ya shafi mahaifin da ya ƙone 'yarsa mai shekaru 19 ta hanyar zuba man fetur a kusa da gadonta yayin da take barci saboda auren da suka gaza biyu.[1] Wani kuma ya shafi wani mutum da ya dauki wuka na kicin kuma ya yanke wuyan 'yar uwarsa mai shekaru 19 kuma ya kashe ta saboda ya yi tunanin tana cikin dangantaka.[1] Shari'ar ta uku ta yi kama da ita kuma ta shafi wani mutum da ya soke 'yar'uwarsa a wuyanta da kirji saboda ya yi zargin cewa tana da hannu da wani.[1] Dukkanin maza uku an tuhume su da kisan kai, wanda zai iya ɗaukar hukuncin kisa ta hanyar ratayewa idan an aikata laifi.[1]

Wani abin da ba a saba gani ba, amma mai yuwuwar dalilin kisan gilla shi ne sakamakon ciki ta hanyar lalata. Ɗaya daga cikin misalin hakan shi ne Kifaya mai shekara 16 sa’ad da ɗan’uwanta mai shekaru 32, Khalid, ya daba mata wuƙa har lahira. [1] Kifaya tana daya daga cikin ‘yan’uwa guda 10 kuma ta samu juna biyu a lokacin da kaninta mai suna Mahmoud ya yi mata fyade. Da farko an yanke wa Khalid hukuncin daurin shekaru bakwai a gidan yari, amma an rage shi zuwa shekara guda sannan kuma aka yanke wa Mahmoud hukuncin daurin shekaru 13 a kan laifin fyade da kashe kanwarsa da gangan. [1]

 "Dokar fyaden aure" 
A baya can, Mataki na 308 na kundin hukunta manyan laifuka na Jordan ya bayyana cewa masu aikata laifuka na musamman, ciki har da fyade, za su iya "guje wa yanke hukunci mai tsanani idan sun auri wadanda aka yi wa lalata da su," don haka, a tsakanin masu fafutuka da suka saka hannun jari a soke dokar, labarin. ya zama sananne da " dokar fyaden aure ." [1] An soke dokar a watan Agusta 2017, wanda aka yaba a matsayin nasarar jama'a ga kungiyoyin mata. [1] An buga irin wannan doka a Tunisiya a lokacin wannan bazara, [2] kuma don haka ana iya ganin canjin code na Jordan a matsayin wani ɓangare na yakin duniya na duniya, baya ga la'akari da shi a matsayin 'ya'yan itatuwa na gida. [1]

 Duba kuma 

 Taimakon kasashen waje don daidaiton jinsi a Jordan
 Mata A Musulunci
 Mata a cikin al'ummar Larabawa
 Hakkokin mata
 Hakkokin LGBTQ a Jordan
 Islamophobia

 Manazarta 

 Hanyoyin haɗi na waje 

Rukuni:Mata
Rukuni:Matan Jordan
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba