Bayanan bayanai

Kwamitin Shugaban kasa na 1989 American Library Association (ALA) ya bayyana ilimin ilimin bayanai (IL) a matsayin halayen mutum, yana mai cewa "don zama mai ilimin bayanai, dole ne mutum ya iya gane lokacin da ake buƙatar bayanai kuma yana da ikon ganowa, kimantawa da amfani da bayanan da ake buƙata yadda ya kamata".   A cikin 1990, masanin kimiyya Lori Arp ya buga takarda yana tambaya, "Shin koyarwar ilimin bayanai da koyarwar wallafe-wallafen iri ɗaya ne?"  Arp ya yi jayayya cewa babu wani lokaci da aka bayyana sosai ta hanyar masu ilimin kimiyya ko masu aiki a fagen. Ana buƙatar ƙarin karatu don rage rikice-rikice kuma ci gaba da bayyana sigogi na tambaya.

Sanarwar Alexandria ta 2005 ta bayyana kalmar a matsayin batun haƙƙin ɗan adam: "Bayani na Bayanai yana ba mutane a kowane bangare na rayuwa damar neman, kimantawa, amfani da ƙirƙirar bayanai yadda ya kamata don cimma burinsu na sirri, zamantakewa, sana'a da ilimi. Hakki ne na ɗan adam a CILIP duniyar dijital kuma yana inganta haɗin kai a cikin al'umma".  Ƙungiyar Amurka kan Bayanai ta bayyana ilimin bayanai a matsayin "ikon sanin lokacin da akwai buƙatar bayanai, don yin amfani da jiki, da kuma yin amfani da shi a hankali ga kowane bayani a hankali". Yana ba mu damar zama 'yan ƙasa don haɓaka ra'ayoyi masu ilimi da kuma yin aiki sosai tare da al'umma. ”

An yi wasu ƙoƙari da yawa don bayyana manufar da alaƙar ta da wasu ƙwarewa da siffofin karatu da rubutu. Sauran sakamakon koyarwa da suka shafi ilimin bayanai sun haɗa da ilimin gargajiya, Ilimin kwamfuta, ƙwarewar bincike da ƙwarewar tunani mai mahimmanci. Bayanan bayanai a matsayin karamin horo shine batun da ke fitowa na sha'awa da ma'auni tsakanin malamai da masu ɗakin karatu tare da yaduwar bayanan ƙarya, Labarai na ƙarya, da kuma bayanan karya.

Masana sun yi jayayya cewa don kara yawan gudummawar mutane ga al'umma ta dimokuradiyya da ta jam'iyya, ya kamata malamai su kalubalanci gwamnatoci da bangaren kasuwanci don tallafawa da tallafawa shirye-shiryen ilimi a cikin ilimin bayanai.

 Tarihin ra'ayin 
Kalmomin "bayyanar bayanai" sun fara bayyana a bugawa a cikin wani rahoto na 1974 da aka rubuta a madadin Hukumar Kula da Litattafai da Kimiyya ta Bayanai ta Paul G. Zurkowski, wanda a lokacin shi ne shugaban kungiyar masana'antar bayanai (yanzu kungiyar masana'antu da bayanai). Zurkowski ya yi amfani da wannan magana don bayyana "ƙwarewa da ƙwarewa" da aka koya ta hanyar ilimin bayanai "don amfani da kayan aikin bayanai da yawa da kuma tushen farko a cikin gyaran hanyoyin magance matsalolin su" kuma ya zana layi mai ƙarfi tsakanin "masu karatu" da "masu ilimin bayanai". 

Ma'anar ilimin bayanai ta sake bayyana a cikin takarda ta 1976 da Lee Burchina ya gabatar a taron karatu na Jami'ar Texas A & M. Burchina ya gano saitin ƙwarewar da ake buƙata don ganowa da amfani da bayanai don warware matsala da yanke shawara. A cikin wani labarin 1976 a cikin Library Journal, M.R. Owens ya yi amfani da manufar ga ilimin bayanai na siyasa da alhakin jama'a, yana mai cewa, "Dukkanin [mutane] an halicce su daidai amma masu jefa kuri'a tare da albarkatun bayanai suna cikin matsayi don yin yanke shawara mai basira fiye da 'yan ƙasa waɗanda ba su da ilimi. Aikace-aikacen albarkatun bayani ga tsarin yanke shawara don cika alhakin Jama'a ne mai mahimmanci".

A cikin wani bita na wallafe-wallafen da aka buga a cikin wata mujallar ilimi a cikin 2020, farfesa Angela Sample na Jami'ar Oral Roberts ya ambaci raƙuman ra'ayoyi da yawa na ma'anar ilimin bayanai kamar yadda yake bayyana bayanai a matsayin hanyar tunani, saitin ƙwarewa, da aikin zamantakewa. Gabatar da waɗannan ra'ayoyin ya haifar da karɓar hanyar da ake kira metaliteracy da kuma kirkirar ƙofar ra'ayoyi da abubuwan ilimi, wanda ya haifar da kirkirar Tsarin Bayanai na ALA.  

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