Retezat National Park

Gidan shakatawa na kasa na Retezat (Romania: Parcul Naţional Retezat) yanki ne mai kariya wanda ke cikin tsaunukan Retezat a gundumar Hunedoara, Romania. An kafa shi a cikin 1935, shine wurin shakatawa mafi tsufa a cikin ƙasar kuma an kasafta shi azaman wurin shakatawa na ƙasa II IUCN.

Retezat ya shahara musamman ga flora iri-iri, tare da nau'ikan tsirrai sama da 1,000 da ke cikin wurin shakatawa. Hakanan gida ne ga wasu dazuzzukan dazuzzuka na ƙarshe na ƙarshe a Turai. Duk da matsayin da ake da shi na kariya, a shekarun baya-bayan nan an samu karuwar ayyukan da za su yi barna kamar su sare itatuwa da kiwo a dajin, da kuma barazana ga matsayinsa na kadarorin jama'a.

 Tarihi 
Yankin Retezat ya kasance wani batu na sha'awar kimiyya, musamman game da flora, tun aƙalla farkon karni na 19.Coldea, Gheorghe; Cristea, Vasile (2022). "Chapter 2: History of Floristic and Vegetation Research". The Vascular Plant Communities of the Retezat National Park (Southern Carpathians). Geobotany Studies. Berlin: Springer Nature. pp. 11–14. ISBN 978-3-031-05618-5.. A cikin shekarun 1930s, ƙwararrun masana kimiyya da yawa kamar Alexandru Borza da Emil Racoviţă sun yi kamfen don ƙirƙirar wuraren ajiyar yanayi a cikin ƙasar.Guţă, Daniel (6 March 2018). "Savanţii care au transformat Retezatul în primul parc naţional al României: "În aceşti munţi vom sorbi aerul de libertate lăsat moştenire de Craiul Decebal"". Adevărul. Retrieved 22 August 2023.A shekara ta 1935, gwamnatin Tătărescu ta ware murabba'in kilomita 100 na tsaunukan Retezat, wanda ya samar da wurin shakatawa na farko a kasar. An ɗauki ƙarin shekaru huɗu kafin a zartar da doka game da matsayin wurin shakatawa, wanda ke ba da hanya ga duk wuraren da ake karewa na Romania a nan gaba.

A cikin 1979, UNESCO ta hada da wurin shakatawa a cikin Man da Biosphere Programme na kasa da kasa na cibiyar sadarwa ta biosphere reserves, yayin da a cikin 1993 ta haɗa da Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Duniya don Kare Halitta a cikin ayyukanta na nuna ci gaban karkara.[5]. A shekara ta 2008 an ba ta Diploma na yankunan da aka karewa na Turai.[6]

Tun a shekarun 1990 kiwo da saren tumaki ya karu sosai a yankin, abin da ya lalata babban birnin wurin shakatawa. A cikin karni na 21st Retezat ya kasance batun ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce na gyare-gyaren muhalli da yawa.[7][8]

A shekara ta 2006 gwamnatin Romania ta yanke shawarar ba da magada ga dangin Austriya-Hungarian aristocratic Kendeffy, wadanda suka yi ikirarin kadada 10,000 na fili a tsaunukan Retezat, gami da manyan wuraren shakatawa, a karkashin dokar da ta ba da damar maido da kadarorin da gwamnatocin baya suka kwace. Kwalejin Romanian, wanda aka ba da filin a cikin 1930s, ya kalubalanci shawarar. Bayan doguwar shari'a, an dauki matakin mayar da fili a matsayin doka ta hanyar yanke hukunci na 2022, kuma wurin shakatawa ya koma mallakar gwamnati.[9][10]

 Manazarta