'Yancin Dan Adam a Nauru

Nauru karamar tsibiri ce a Kudancin Pacific . Tare da yawan mutane 13,649, ita ce jamhuriya mai zaman kanta mafi ƙarancin jama'a a duniya. Gwamnatin Nauru tana aiki a karkashin kundin tsarin mulkinta, sashi na biyu wanda ya kunshi 'kare muhimman hakki da 'yanci. Hukumar Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam (UNHRC) ta gudanar da bitar Nauru ta Universal Periodic Review (UPR) a watan Janairun 2011. Bitar ta kasance mai kyau gabaɗaya tare da ƴan wuraren damuwa.

 Yarjejeniyar 'yancin Dan Adam 
Nauru ta zama memba na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a ranar 14 ga Satumba 1999.  Daga cikin manyan yarjejeniyoyin kare hakkin dan adam guda tara, Nauru ta tabbatar ko kuma ta shiga hudu - Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan 'Yancin Yara (UNCRC), Yarjejeniyar kan kawar da duk wani nau'i na nuna bambanci ga mata (CEDAW), Yarjejeniya kan azabtarwa (CAT), da Yarjejeniyar Kare Hakkin Mutanen da ke da Naƙasassu (CRPD). Nauru ta sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar Kasa da Kasa kan 'Yancin Bil'adama da Siyasa (ICCPR) da Yarjejeniyar Zaɓin Farko a ranar 12 ga Nuwamba 2001 amma har yanzu ta tabbatar da hakan. Nauru ta bayyana cewa nauyin bayar da rahoto, musamman farashin kudi, wani muhimmin abu ne a bayan karancin shiga cikin kayan aikin kare hakkin dan adam na kasa da kasa.

Saboda yadda Ostiraliya ta yi amfani da Cibiyar Tsaro ta Nauru don masu neman mafaka, da kuma martani ga shawarwari da yawa daga wasu jihohi da hukumomin sa ido kan 'yancin ɗan adam, a cikin Yuni 2011, Nauru ta amince da Yarjejeniyar 1951 da ta shafi Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira.  Nauru kuma ta shiga OPCAT a ranar 24 ga Janairun 2013.

 'Yancin mata 
Rikicin cikin gida matsala ce ta tsari a Nauru kuma an yi magana akai akai a cikin rahoton UPR. A cikin martani Nauru ya karɓi shawarwari don tabbatar da CEDAW kuma ya ja hankali ga matakan da aka riga aka ɗauka. Kawar da cin zarafi na cikin gida ya kasance fifikon ƙasa tun shekara ta 2002 lokacin da gwamnati ta kafa ofishin kula da mata.  A cikin 2008 Rundunar 'Yan sandan Nauruan ta sami tallafi don kafa Sashin Rikicin Cikin Gida da kuma mafaka ga waɗanda abin ya shafa. Ranar mata ta duniya hutu ce ta kasa. Dokar Laifukan Nauru ta 2016, ta mai da tashin hankali cikin gida da batsa na ramuwar gayya a matsayin laifi tun watan Mayu 2016.

 Hakkin LGBT 
Matakin na Mayu 2016 na Dokar Laifukan 2016 ya maye gurbin Nauruan Criminal Code 1899, ya cire duk wani hukunci na aikata laifuka don yin jima'i tsakanin yarda da manya na jinsi ɗaya a cikin sirri.

 Gyara 

 Shirye-shiryen gyare-gyaren kundin tsarin mulki 
A shekara ta 2009 Majalisar Nauruan ta zartar da wani kudiri na gyara sashi na II na Kundin Tsarin Mulki. Gyaran tsarin ya ba da shawarar tsawaita kare haƙƙin nakasassu, muhalli da yara tare da amincewa da haƙƙin samun lafiya, ilimi da hutun haihuwa a cikin Kundin Tsarin Mulki. Canjin ya gaza samun amincewar kashi biyu bisa uku da ake bukata a zaben raba gardama da aka gudanar a ranar 27 ga watan Fabrairun 2010. Kwamitin sake duba kundin tsarin mulki, zaunannen kwamitin majalisar dokoki, na da nufin gano wasu wasu tsare-tsare na zaben raba gardama na gaba.

 Dokar Laifuka ta 2016 
A watan Mayun 2016, Nauru ta aiwatar da sabuwar Dokar Laifukan 2016, wacce ta sabunta tsarin shari'ar laifuka na Nauru tare da kawo shi cikin layi da Yarjejeniyar 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Duniya.

 Cibiyar kare hakkin dan adam ta kasa 
Nauru ba shi da wata cibiyar kare hakkin bil'adama ta kasa. Sai dai a watan Nuwambar 2009 Nauru ya gayyaci wata tawaga da ta ziyarci kasar tare da baiwa gwamnati shawara kan yuwuwar kafa tsarin kare hakkin dan Adam na kasa. Wakilan sun hada da wakilai daga dandalin Asiya Pasifik da ofishin hukumar kare hakkin dan Adam ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (OHCHR). Jihohi da dama sun lura a cikin UPR cewa tun da tawagar Nauru ba ta dauki wasu matakai na kafa wata hukuma mai kare hakkin dan adam ba kuma ta ba da shawarar a magance hakan. Nauru ya yarda da waɗannan shawarwarin amma ya ambaci albarkatu da ƙwarewa a matsayin 'manyan cikas' wajen cimma wannan buri tare da bayyana cewa ba da tallafin wasu cibiyoyi ne ke kan gaba.

 Bayanan da aka ambata 

 Haɗin waje 

 Binciken Lokaci na Duniya na Nauru
 Rahoton 'Yancin Dan Adam na 2009 daga Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka