Masarautar Bille

Masarautar Bille, dake cikin Jihar Ribas, a Nijeriya, ƙabilar Ijaw ce da ke a yamma da tsibirin Bonny da kudancin  Fatakwal. Tana cikin karamar hukumar Degema ta jihar Ribas, ta kunshi matsugunai 30, ciki har da garin Bille, wanda ke zama hedikwatar masarautar kuma yana da mazauna kusan 41,000 daga cikin adadin mutane kusan 77,000.[<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2025)">citation needed</span>]

Mutanen Bille ƙungiya ce ta musamman a cikin Yankin Gabashin Neja Delta kuma suna ɗaya daga cikin dangin Ijaw na Gabas, tare da Kalabari, Bonny, Andoni (Obolo) , Opobo, Nembe, da Okrika . 

Sarkin gargajiya na Masarautar Bille na yanzu shine Mai Martaba Mai Martaba Hon. Sarki Igbikingeri Ngowari Cornelius Herbert (AgbaniyeJike XVIII), Amayanabo na Bille. An nada shi sarauta ne a ranar Asabar, 4 ga Afrilu, 2021, bayan shafe shekaru 12 da yi wa sarauta bayan rasuwar Mai Martaba Sarki Justus H. Igolima-Dappa (AgbaniyeJike XVII).

Bayanan tarihi sun nuna cewa mutanen Bille sun yi hijira daga Akpata-Bille zuwa inda suke a karni na 9. Garin Bille, cibiyar gudanarwa na masarauta, ana kyautata zaton Sarauniya Ikpakiaba ce ta kafa ta a wannan lokacin.

Bille an san shi da kyawawan al'adunsa, wanda ya samo asali daga al'adun mutanen Ijaw. Al'umma na jaddada ka'idojin dimokuradiyya da daidaitattun 'yanci, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga tsarin zamantakewar al'umma.[<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2025)">citation needed</span>]

Kafin bayyanar masana'antar mai, tattalin arzikin Bille ya dogara ne akan kamun kifi da kasuwanci. Ci gaban al'umma ya samo asali ne ta hanyar ayyukan taimakon kai, tare da samar da kayan aiki don gina gine-gine kamar makarantu, cibiyar kiwon lafiya, da zauren gari. Haka kuma an gudanar da ayyukan gyaran filaye ta hanyar hadin gwiwa. Koyaya, tare da haɓakar tattalin arzikin mai, waɗannan ayyukan dogaro da kai sun ragu yayin da dogaro ga kamfanonin mai ya karu, yana mai da hankali kan tattalin arziki daga ayyukan gargajiya. Alagoa, Ebiegberi Joe (2005). A History of the Niger Delta, Port Harcourt: Onyoma Research Publications. 

 Tarihi 
Al’adar baka ta yi nuni da cewa hijirar Bille ta kudu ta samo asali ne sakamakon takaddama kan kifi mai daraja—tilapia—wanda ya haifar da rarrabuwar kawuna a tsakanin al’ummarsu. Tafiyar hijira ta Bille ta fara ne da matsuguninsu kusa da kabilar Tarakiri a tsakiyar Ijaw. Daga nan ne suka koma Okolo Bille, da ke garin Abua a yau, a arewacin Degema, kafin daga bisani su zauna a mahaifarsu ta yanzu, wato garin Bille, da ke gabar tekun kudancin Najeriya.

 Tattaunawa da Farko da Haɗin Ruhaniya 
Wani ma'anar tarihin farkon Bille shine haduwarsu da ruhohin ruwa, wanda aka fi sani da owama be apu. Waɗannan ruhohin sun taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tsara ainihin ruhaniya da al'adu na mutanen Bille. Bisa ga al'ada, waɗannan halittu masu rai sun bayyana a matsayin 'yan iska masu yin ado, kuma kasancewarsu yana da mahimmanci ga fahimtar al'umma game da muhalli da wanzuwarsu. Yayin da mazaunan Bille suka nufi kudu, sun yi shawarwari da waɗannan ruhohin, waɗanda da farko suna yin barazana ga zamansu. Duk da haka, ta hanyar sadaukarwa da al'ada na ruhaniya karkashin jagorancin Sarauniya Ikpakiaba, ruhohin sun daina bayyanuwansu, suna barin mazauna su zauna kuma a ƙarshe su ci gaba a sabuwar ƙasarsu.

 Tashin Mulkin Bille 
A ƙarni na 15, dangin Bille sun kafa daula mai ƙarfi. Wannan lokaci ne da tasirin Bille ya fara girma a fadin yankin. Sarki Agbaniye Jike, Amanayabo na Bille ya yi fice a karni na 17, inda ya fadada masarautar ta hanyar yakin soji akan al'ummomin makwabta. A karkashin mulkinsa, Bille ya karfafa ikonsa a yankin, inda ya tabbatar da matsayinsa a matsayin babban dan wasa a cikin hadaddun hanyoyin kasuwanci na lokacin.

Kamar sauran dangin ijaw, Bille ya shiga cinikin bayi. A shekara ta 1520, an rubuta shigar Bille a cikin cinikin bayi na transatlantic a farkon bayanan Turai, yana nuna mahimmancin masarautar a cikin kasuwancin duniya. 

 Shige da Fice da Kafa Sabbin Gidaje 
Yayin da mutanen Bille suka yi ƙaura zuwa kudu, rassa daban-daban na al'umma sun zauna a yankuna daban-daban, suka kafa garuruwa da yawa waɗanda ke da'awar asalin Bille. Musamman ma, Opu Ada ye Sira, dan kabilar Sira ne ya kafa Kula, yayin da Agbaniye Kio, dan uwan ​​Sarki Jike, ya kafa Idama bayan takaddama. A tsawon lokaci, wasu garuruwan sun nemi kawance da wasu masarautu, irin su Kalabari, musamman a lokacin mulkin mallaka. 

A lokacin hijirarsu, su Bille sun ga bullar ƙauyuka waɗanda ƴan ƴan asalin al'ummarsu suka kafa. Opu Ogulaya da Opu Suma ana yaba su da kafa Ogoloma, wanda daga baya ya zama wani yanki na Okrika. Opu Okurukuru ya kafa Kugbo, Opu Ikiya ya kafa Ikiakiama, kuma Opu Ogini ya zauna a Oginiama. A halin yanzu, Opu Krobo ya koma yankin da a yanzu ke zama Nkoro, a karamar hukumar Andoni. Wani abin sha'awa shi ne, mutanen Nkoro suna ci gaba da yin watsi da tilapia, abin tunawa da al'adu daga farkon rikicin kifin da ya haifar da hijirar Bille.

 Sarauniya Ikpakiaba: Matriarch na Ruhaniya 
Kamar yadda tarihin baka ya nuna, rawar da Sarauniya Ikpakiaba, wadda aka fi sani da Amabinbo ta Bille, ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a tarihin mutanen Bille. A matsayinta na fitacciyar shugaba, ta jagoranci mutanenta kan ƙaura zuwa kudu daga Okolo Bille. An bayyana jagorancinta a lokacin tafiya a cikin al'adun baka da cewa yana da mahimmanci ga rayuwa da nasarar mazauna Bille. A cewar wadannan tatsuniyoyi, mutanen Bille sun bi ta kasa bakarare kamar Ogonobe Ingbetokuru (Obuama na zamani) da Sukube Ingbetokuru (wanda a yanzu yake ofishin karamin ofishin Degema), kafin su isa kasar da za su zauna a ciki—Garin Bille.

Tun farko yankin tsibiri ne da wata karamar tashar ta raba, wanda daga baya aka rufe shi, duk da cewa har yanzu akwai alamun sa. Bayan isowarsu, mazaunan sun ci karo da ruhohin ruwa owama be apu, wanda ke nuna farkon dangantakarsu ta ruhaniya da ƙasar. Ita dai Sarauniya Ikpakiaba an yaba da irin sadaukarwar da ta kamata domin ganin al’ummar Bille za su zauna a yankin na dindindin, tare da aza harsashin masarautun da za ta ci gaba da bunkasa.

 Bayani game da mulkin Bille 
Masarautar Bille ta ƙunshi ƙauyuka da yawa waɗanda, tare da garin Bille, sune tsakiyar wannan yanki mai tarihi. Waɗannan ƙauyuka sun warwatse a cikin yankunan da al'ummar Bille ke iko da su a zamanin kafin mulkin mallaka. A tsakiyar ita ce Garin Bille, mafi girman mazauni kuma cibiyar gudanarwa ta tsohuwar masarautar Bille."About Bille". www.billedevelopment.com. Retrieved 2025-01-26.

 Yanayin garin Bille 
Da yake a yankin kudu maso gabashin yankin Degema a Jihar Rivers, Bille Town tsibiri ne mai ƙasƙanci a cikin manyan gandun daji na Nijar Delta. An sanya shi a cikin 'yan ƙafa sama da matakin teku, yana kwance tare da Bille Creek, wani yanki na Kogin Sombrero (wanda aka sani da Akuku Toru).  A tarihi, an raba garin ta hanyar tashar halitta zuwa sassa biyu: kala anga da opu anga. Koyaya, a ƙarshen shekarun 1970s, ƙoƙarin cika yashi ya faɗaɗa garin zuwa yankunan kudancin Angula da Osia, haɗakar ƙasar da aka dawo da ita tare da ƙauyen da ke akwai kuma ya faɗaɗa cikin gandun daji na mangrove da ke kewaye.

 Hanyoyin shiga garin Bille 

 Tafiya daga Degema 
Baƙi daga Degema za su iya shiga garin Bille ta hanyar tafiya kudu tare da Kogin Sombrero, shiga Opu Bille Kubu Creek, da kewaya ta Kala Bille Kubu Creek. Bayan 'yan bidi'o'i ne, garin ya shigo, yana ba da kyakkyawar tarba. 

 Tafiya daga Port Harcourt 
Matafiya daga Fatakwal yawanci suna hawa kwale-kwale masu gudu ko wasu jiragen ruwa a jetties a kan titin Creek. Tafiya ta ratsa sabon kogin Calabar cikin mintuna 15 sannan ta bi hanyar Awun Toru, Touma Creek, da Oro Kubu kafin isa Garin Bille. Alamar gari ta farko da ake iya gani shine Iwo-Ama, sabon yanki da aka kwato tare da makarantu da filayen wasa. Jiragen ruwa suna wucewa ta hanyoyin ruwa daban-daban kamar su Green Poku, Asuka Poku, da Abekereme Poku—kafin su isa Sira Poku, inda babban jirgin yake.

 Abubuwan shiga da koguna 
Garin Bille yana da wuraren shiga firamare guda biyar, duk ta rafuka: Kala Bille Kubu, Besi Kubu, Oliyama Anga, Oro Kubu, da Oruama Boko. Hakanan waɗannan raƙuman ruwa suna ba da damar zuwa wasu yankuna a cikin masarautar, gami da tashoshin kamun kifi da ƙananan ƙauyuka. Misali, Oliyama Anga yana haɗawa da wuraren kudanci irin su Bille 1 Flow Station, Krikama, Gogoboama, Ekema, Ke, Kula, da Abissa.

 Al'ummomi da ƙauyuka a masarautar Bille 
Masarautar Bille ta ƙunshi al’ummomi da yawa inda ’yan asalin Bille, masunta, da ’yan kasuwa ke zama. An rarraba waɗannan al'ummomin zuwa manyan ƙauyuka da ƙananan ƙauyuka, galibi ana amfani da su don shuka. Wasu daga cikinsu sun hada da;

 Manyan Gidaje 

 Touma
 Oruama
 Imopeleama
 Krikama
 Kariama
 Opu Bille Boko
 Oruama Boko

 Ƙananan ƙauyuka 

 Enesirama
 Kinibapu piri
 Furuapu
 Makiridikianga
 Momuapu yana so
 Egbe Piri
 Fingiapu
 Borma
 Amabiofiema
 Oboma
 Maduama
 Ariapu yana son
 Ninama
 Kalatirama
 Saurin aiki
 Emmanuelama
 Feni Paan
 Nonjuama
 Owu Poky-Obu
 Shi ne
 Ibi-Iriawoama
 Gogoboama
 Dappama
 Ibia-Ama
 Bebeama
 Ibidaboama
 Iwoama
 Ikpakiaba Ama

Wadannan al'ummomin gaba ɗaya sun kewaye garin Bille, tsakiya na tsakiya da cibiyar gudanarwa ta masarautar.

 Yankunan yankuna na tarihi 

 1935 Rahoton leken asiri game da dangin Bille 
Bayanan tarihi suna ba da haske game da iyakokin yankin Bille. A cikin rahoton sirri na 1935 game da Bille Clan a sashin Degema, Jami'in Gundumar Kyaftin Kelsey ya lura cewa Bille ya raba haƙƙin kogin da Bonny, musamman tare da sabon kogin Calabar, wanda ya samo asali daga Anya Creek. Rahoton ya kuma yi cikakken bayani kan wuraren da tashoshin kamun kifi na Bille ke kan wasu manyan koguna da rafuka, kamar Tunduro Bokobe Kiri, Green Kiri, Wosaba, da Touma. Bugu da kari, rahoton ya gano kogunan da Bille ke kula da su, wadanda suka hada da shimfidar kogin Sombrero da sauran wadanda suka karade zuwa Anya Creek.

 1949/50 Kwamitin Bincike 
An kara tabbatar da iyakokin yankin Bille a cikin kwamitin binciken rikicin Okrika da Kalabari na 1949/50, karkashin jagorancin Mai shari’a G.G. Robinson. Hukumar ta tabbatar da ‘yancin kan Bille, inda ta bayyana cewa filayen ta sun bambanta da yankin Kalabari. Hakan ya zo ne a cikin wata takarda da Cif (Dr.) Harold J. Dappa-Biriye ya gabatar a shekarar 1997, wanda ya karfafa iyaka tsakanin Bille da Kalabari a matsayin tsakiyar sabon kogin Calabar.

 Bayanan da aka ambata