Sheila Michaels

Sheila Babs Michaels, wanda aka fi sani da Sheila Shiki-y-Michaels (8 ga Mayu, 1939 - 22 ga Yuni, 2017), 'yar Amurka ce kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin bil'adama wacce aka ba ta lambar yabo ta Ms. a matsayin hanyar adireshin mata ba tare da la'akari da matsayin aurensu ba.

An haifi Michaels a St. Louis, Missouri, ga Alma Weil Michaels (née Weil), marubucin wasan kwaikwayo da mai gabatar da wasan kwaikwayo,  da kuma Ephraim London, lauyan kare hakkin bil'adama daga Birnin New York, wanda bai taba amincewa da Michaels a matsayin 'yarsa ba. Mahaifiyar Michaels a wannan lokacin ta rabu da mijinta, Maurice "Bill" Michaels, wakilin takalma na Edison Brothers Stores a St. Louis.

Mahaifiyarta ba ta so ta zauna tare da ƙaramin yaro, don haka an tura Michaels mai shekaru uku zuwa Birnin New York don ya zauna tare da kakanninta na uwa, Irving Weil da Frances (Feigela) Weil (née Sacks), a Bronx. Lokacin da take kimanin shekaru takwas, an mayar da ita zama tare da mahaifiyarta da mijinta na biyu, mai arziki mai suna Harry H. Kessler . An kuma ba ta sunan karshe Kessler . Shekaru da yawa bayan haka, mahaifiyarta da Harry Kessler, ba su yarda da gwagwarmayarta ta siyasa ba, sun musanta ta kuma sun nemi ta daina amfani da sunan Kessler. A sakamakon haka, ta koma Michaels.

A shekara ta 1957, ta kammala karatu daga makarantar sakandare a St. Louis . Bayan makarantar sakandare ta halarci Kwalejin William &amp; Mary amma an kore ta a wani bangare saboda rubuta labaran adawa da wariyar launin fata ga jaridar dalibai. Bayan wani lokaci yana zaune a St. Louis yana aiki a matakin shigarwa, Michaels ya koma Birnin New York a watan Oktoba 1959. 

 Ayyuka da gwagwarmaya 
Michaels ya kasance memba na Congress of Racial Equality . 

A shekara ta 1961, ta yi ƙoƙari ta yi amfani da kalmar Ms. lokacin da ta ga abin da ta yi tunanin kuskure ne na rubutu a kan lakabin adireshin kwafin News & Letters da aka aika wa abokin zama.Misis piece of puzzle in story of 'Ms.'&quot;},&quot;author&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Jeffs, Angela&quot;},&quot;newspaper&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;[[The Japan Times]] Online&quot;},&quot;date&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;November 5, 2000&quot;},&quot;url&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/fl20001105a1.html&quot;}},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}\" data-ve-no-generated-contents=\"true\" id=\"mw_w\">&nbsp;</span><cite about=\"#mwt25\" class=\"citation news cs1\" id=\"CITEREFJeffs,_Angela2000\" data-ve-ignore=\"\">Jeffs, Angela (November 5, 2000). <a class=\"external text\" href=\"http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/fl20001105a1.html\" id=\"mwAQA\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\">\"Missing piece of puzzle in story of 'Ms.'\"</a>. <i id=\"mwAQI\"><a class=\"cx-link\" data-linkid=\"126\" href=\"./The_Japan_Times\" id=\"mwAQM\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" title=\"The Japan Times\">The Japan Times</a> Online</i>.</cite>"}}" id="cite_ref-7" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Sheila_Michaels#cite_note-7 [1]] Michaels "yana neman lakabi ga mace wacce ba 'ta' cikin namiji ba".  Ta san rabuwa da kalmomin da aka saba amfani da su yanzu Miss da Mrs. sun samo asali ne daga Mistress, amma mutum ba zai iya ba da shawarar cewa mata su yi amfani da taken asali tare da ma'anarsa na yanzu ba. Da farko an yi watsi da kokarin da ta yi na inganta amfani da sabon girmamawa. A shekara ta 1969, a cikin wani shiru yayin wata hira ta rediyo ta WBAI tare da ƙungiyar The Feminists, Michaels ya ba da shawarar amfani da Ms. Abokin Gloria Steinem ya ji hira kuma ya ba da shawara a matsayin taken sabon mujallarta. Mujallar Ms. ta fara fitowa a kan jaridu a watan Janairun 1972, kuma sunanta da aka yada da sauri ya haifar da yaduwar amfani.

A shekara ta 1975, Michaels ya tafi Laos, yana aiki tare da yara da suka ji rauni a lokacin yakin Vietnam . 

Michaels ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin Masanin tarihin baki inda ta yi hira da mambobin Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) .  :<span typeof="mw:Transclusion" data-mw="{&quot;parts&quot;:[{&quot;template&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Rp&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;./Samfuri:Rp&quot;},&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;170&quot;}},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}" data-cx="[{&quot;adapted&quot;:true,&quot;partial&quot;:false,&quot;targetExists&quot;:true,&quot;mandatoryTargetParams&quot;:[],&quot;optionalTargetParams&quot;:[]}]"></span> Ta kuma tuka taksi a <i><a href="./New_York_(magazine)" rel="mw:WikiLink" data-linkid="99" data-cx="{&quot;adapted&quot;:false,&quot;sourceTitle&quot;:{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;New York (magazine)&quot;,&quot;description&quot;:&quot;American lifestyle and politics magazine&quot;,&quot;pageprops&quot;:{&quot;wikibase_item&quot;:&quot;Q1507987&quot;},&quot;pagelanguage&quot;:&quot;en&quot;},&quot;targetFrom&quot;:&quot;source&quot;}">Birnin New York</a></i> na tsawon shekaru goma, kuma ta gudanar da gidan cin abinci na Japan tare da mijinta. Ta rubuta gajerun abubuwan lura game da fasinjojin taksi don mujallar New York).ee.

Ana adana takardun Sheila Michaels a cikin ɗakin karatu na McCain, Jami'ar Kudancin Mississippi . 

 Rayuwa ta mutum 
Michaels ya yi tafiya kuma ya yi aiki a Singapore, Turkiyya, Indiya, Laos, Koriya da Japan. Michaels ta auri Hikaru Shiki, mai dafa abinci na Japan a Birnin New York. Sun gudanar da gidan cin abinci na Jafananci sama da shekaru 10 kuma Michaels ta canza sunanta yayin auren. Daga baya suka sake aure.

Michaels ya mutu daga cutar sankarar jini a ranar 22 ga Yuni, 2017, yana da shekaru 78.   Ta hanyar mahaifinta, kakan Michaels ya kasance wakilin Amurka Meyer London, kuma 'yan uwanta sun hada da' yan'uwa mata Rosalyn Baxandall da Harriet Fraad .
Rukuni:Mutuwan 2017
Rukuni:Haifaffun 1939
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba
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