Garkuwa da amarya

Garkuwa da amarya, wanda aka fi sani da aure ta hanyar sacewa ko aure ta hanyar kamawa, al'ada ce inda namiji ya sace matar da yake so ya aure.

An yi satar amarya (saboda haka portmanteau bridenapping ) a duk faɗin duniya da kuma a cikin tarihin da tarihi, tsakanin mutane daban-daban kamar Hmong a kudu maso gabashin Asiya, Tzeltal a Mexico, da Romani a Turai. Har yanzu satar amarya tana faruwa a sassa daban-daban na duniya, amma ya fi yawa a Caucasus, Pakistan, Asiya ta Tsakiya, da wasu sassan Afirka.

A mafi yawan kasashe, satar amarya ana daukar ta a matsayin Laifin jima'i saboda abin da ke tattare da fyade, maimakon ingantaccen nau'in aure. Wasu nau'ikan kuma ana iya ganin su a matsayin suna fadawa tsakanin auren tilasta da auren da aka shirya. Kalmar wani lokaci ana rikitar da shi tare da tserewa, inda ma'aurata suka gudu tare kuma suka nemi yardar iyayensu daga baya. A wasu lokuta, matar tana ba da hadin kai ko kuma ta yarda da satar, yawanci a kokarin adana fuska ga kanta ko iyayenta. A cikin yankuna da yawa, ana ƙarfafa wannan ta hanyar abin da ake kira dokokin aure-mai fyade. Ko da a cikin ƙasashe inda aikin ya saba wa doka, idan tilasta bin shari'a ba ta da ƙarfi, dokar al'ada ("al'adun gargajiya") na iya rinjaye.

Garkuwa da amarya sau da yawa (amma ba koyaushe ba) wani nau'i ne na auren yara. Ana iya danganta shi da aikin Farashin amarya, dukiyar da ango da iyalinsa suka biya wa iyayen amarya, da rashin iyawa ko rashin son biyan shi.

Garkuwa da amarya ya bambanta da raptio a cikin cewa tsohon yana nufin sace mace daya da namiji daya (da abokansa da dangi), kuma har yanzu yana da yawa, yayin da ƙarshen yana nufin sace satar da kungiyoyin maza, watakila a lokacin yaƙi. An ɗauka cewa Raptio al'ada ce ta tarihi, saboda haka kalmar Latin, amma ƙarni na 21 ya ga sake farfado da fyade na yaki, wasu daga cikinsu suna da abubuwan sace amarya; alal misali, mata da 'yan mata da Boko Haram ta sace a Najeriya, Sojojin Tsayayya na Ubangiji a Uganda da ISIS a Gabas ta Tsakiya masu sace su sun ɗauke su a matsayin mata.

Ayyukan da ke nuna satar amarya na alama har yanzu suna nan a wasu al'adu (kamar Circassians ), a matsayin wani ɓangare na al'adun da ke kewaye da bikin aure. A cewar wasu kafofin, hutun amarya shine abin tunawa na aure ta hanyar kamawa, bisa ga al'adar mijin da ke ɓoyewa tare da matarsa don kauce wa ramuwar gayya daga danginta, tare da niyyar cewa matar za ta yi ciki a ƙarshen watan.

 Tarihi da hujja 
Kodayake dalilan da ke bayan satar amarya sun bambanta da yanki, al'adun da ke da al'adun aure ta hanyar satar su gabaɗaya suna da matsayi na ubanni tare da tsananin kunya game da jima'i ko ciki a waje da aure da haihuwa ba bisa ka'ida ba.See Brian Stross, "Tzeltal Marriage by Capture", Anthropological Quarterly, Vol. 47, No. 3, Kidnapping and Elopement as Alternative Systems of Marriage (Special Issue) (July 1974), pp. 328–346 (describing Tzeltal culture as patriarchal with a few opportunities for "pre-marital cross-sex interaction")[hereinafter Stross, Tzeltal Marriage by Capture]; Sabina Kiryashova, "Azeri Bride Kidnappers Risk Heavy Sentences", Institute of War and Peace Reporting, 17 November 2005 (discussing the shame brought on Azeri kidnap victims who spend a night outside of the house); Gulo Kokhodze & Tamuna Uchidze, "Bride Theft Rampant in Southern Georgia", (discussing the Georgian case, where "great social stigma attaches to the suspicion of lost virginity."). Compare with  A wasu lokuta na zamani, ma'auratan sun yi makirci don tserewa a karkashin kama da satar amarya, suna gabatar da iyayensu da wani abu da aka cika. A mafi yawan lokuta, duk da haka, maza da ke kama matar sau da yawa suna da matsayi mafi ƙasƙanci, saboda talauci, cuta, halin talauci ko aikata laifuka. Wani lokaci ana hana su neman matar bisa ka'ida saboda biyan kuɗin da dangin matar ke tsammani, Farashin amarya (kada a rikita su da sadaki, wanda dangin matar suka biya). 

 Manazarta 
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba