Yin fina-finai a mulkin mallaka na Najeriya

Yin fina-finai a cikin mulkin mallaka na Najeriya gabaɗaya yana nufin wani zamani a cikin fina-fakka na Najeriya, yawanci yana ƙunshe da shekarun 1900 zuwa shekarun 1950, lokacin da samar da fina-fallace da nune-nunen ko rarraba ke ƙarƙashin ikon Gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta Burtaniya. Tarihin fina-finai a Najeriya ya samo asali ne tun farkon Tarihin fim da kansa; musamman a ƙarshen karni na 19, tare da amfani da kallon hotuna na na'urorin hoto. Ba da daɗewa ba aka maye gurbin waɗannan a farkon karni na 20 tare da ingantaccen na'urorin nune-nunen hoto, tare da saitin farko na fina-finai da aka nuna a Glover Memorial Hall a Legas daga 12 zuwa 22 ga Agusta 1903.

Masu shirya fina-finai sun fara samar da fina-fallace ga masu sauraro na cikin gida a cikin Najeriya tun daga shekarun 1920, galibi suna amfani da sinima mai tafi-da-gidanka a matsayin hanyar nune-nunen;  fim din farko da aka yi a Najeriya shine Palaver na 1926 wanda Geoffrey Barkas ya samar. Fim din kuma shine fim na farko da ya taba nuna 'yan wasan Najeriya a cikin rawar Magana  Gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta yi amfani da fina-finai a matsayin kayan aiki don yada manufofin Burtaniya, da kuma inganta farfagandar addini.Olubomehin, Oladipo O. (2012). "CINEMA BUSINESS IN LAGOS, NIGERIA SINCE 1903". Historical Research Letter. 3. ISSN 2224-3178.

An kafa Sashin Fim na Najeriya a cikin 1949. A shekara ta 1954, motocin fina-finai na hannu sun buga wa akalla mutane miliyan 3.5 a Najeriya, kuma fina-fukkunan da aka samar da su ta hanyar Fim na Najeriya an nuna su kyauta a cikin fina-fakka na 44 da ke akwai. Fim na farko da aka ba da haƙƙin mallaka ga Ƙungiyar Fim ta Najeriya shine Fincho (1957) na Sam Zebba; wanda kuma shine fim na farko na Najeriya da za a harbe shi da launi. An kuma dauki fim din a matsayin fim na canji zuwa Zamanin Zinariya.

 Tarihi 
Fim a matsayin matsakaici ya fara zuwa Najeriya a ƙarshen karni na 19, kallon na'urorin fim din motsi."X-raying Nigerian Entertainment Industry At 49". Modern Ghana. 30 September 2009. Retrieved 13 April 2015. Ba da daɗewa ba aka maye gurbin waɗannan a farkon karni na 20 tare da ingantaccen na'urorin baje kolin hoto; fina-finai na farko da aka nuna a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya fina-ffinai ne na Yamma, tare da fim na farko da ake nunawa a Glover Memorial Hall a Legas daga 12 zuwa 22 ga Agusta 1903.Emeagwali, Gloria (Spring 2004). "Editorial: Nigerian Film Industry". Central Connecticut State University. Africa Update Vol. XI, Issue 2. Archived from the original on 27 November 2009. Retrieved 16 July 2014.Olubomehin, Oladipo O. (2012). "CINEMA BUSINESS IN LAGOS, NIGERIA SINCE 1903". Historical Research Letter. 3. ISSN 2224-3178. A wannan shekarar, Herbert Macaulay ya gayyaci Najeriya, Balboa da Kamfanin, Spain don shirya yawon shakatawa na fina-finai marasa sauti a Najeriya. Kodayake Mista Balboa daga baya ya rufe Nuninsa a Legas, yayin da ya ci gaba da nuna fina-finai a wasu ƙasashen Yammacin Afirka, nasarar baje kolinsa ta haifar da wani ɗan kasuwa na Turai, Stanley Jones, don fara nuna fina-filimu a cikin wannan Glover Memorial Hall, tun daga Nuwamba 1903. Wannan ya haifar da kwararar masu nuna fina-finai na Turai zuwa Najeriya.

Fim na farko da aka buga a wannan farkon lokacin ya zo ne a ranar 3 ga watan Agusta 1904, lokacin da aka nuna fim din game da ziyarar idan Abeokuta" id="mwZA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Alake of Abeokuta">Alake na Abeokuta zuwa Ingila. Abeokuta ita ce babban birnin Jihar Ogun . 

Masu shirya fina-finai sun fara samar da fina-fukkuna ga masu sauraro a cikin Najeriya tun daga shekarun 1920, galibi suna amfani da sinima mai tafi-da-gidanka a matsayin hanyar nune-nunen."Nigerian Film Unit". Colonial Film. Retrieved 29 March 2015. A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na farko, Gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta yi amfani da fina-finai a matsayin hanyar tara kudade don taimakon yaki da Red Cross. Gwamnati kuma tana da sha'awar samarwa da amfani da fina-finai na shirye-shirye don "wankewar da hankali ga mazauna da kuma yada manufofin Burtaniya". Ya zuwa 1921, akwai wasu dakuna huɗu da ke nuna fina-finai sau biyu a mako a Legas Mainland da kuma zauren daya kowannensu a Ebute Metta da Oshodi. A wannan lokacin, fim din ya zama sananne a Legas tare da taron matasa da tsofaffi yawanci suna jira a ƙofofin dakunan wasan kwaikwayo. Addini kuma ya taimaka wajen fadada al'adun fina-finai yayin da masu wa'azi na Kirista suka yi amfani da fina-falla don farfagandar addini.Olubomehin, Oladipo O. (2012). "CINEMA BUSINESS IN LAGOS, NIGERIA SINCE 1903". Historical Research Letter. 3. ISSN 2224-3178.

Fim din farko da aka yi a Najeriya shine Palaver na 1926 wanda Geoffrey Barkas ya samar. Har ila yau, fim ne na farko da ya nuna 'yan wasan Najeriya a cikin rawar Magana; 'yan wasan fim na Najeriya a Palaver sun hada da Dawiya da Yilkuba . An harbe fim din ne tsakanin mutanen Sura da Angas na yanzu a jihohin Bauchi da Plateau a Arewacin Najeriya, kuma ya ba da labarin kishiyar tsakanin Jami'in Gundumar Burtaniya da mai hakar ma'adinai wanda ke haifar da yaki.Ekenyerengozi, Michael Chima (21 May 2014). "Recognizing Nigeria's Earliest Movie Stars - Dawiya, King of the Sura and Yilkuba, the Witch Doctor". IndieWire. Shadow and Act. Archived from the original on 29 May 2014. Retrieved 13 April 2015."PALAVER: A ROMANCE OF NORTHERN NIGERIA". Colonial Film. Retrieved 13 April 2015. Har ila yau a wannan zamanin akwai fina-finai da yawa da aka kafa a Najeriya, daya daga cikin shahararrun shine Sanders of the River na 1935 na Zoltán Korda, wanda ke nuna ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya Orlando Martins . Martins ya kuma fito a wasu sanannun fina-finai ciki har da The Man from Morocco (1945), Men of Two Worlds (1946) da sauransu, kuma wannan ya kafa Martins a matsayin daya daga cikin sanannun 'yan wasan Najeriya na lokacinsa.Emeagwali, Gloria (Spring 2004). "Editorial: Nigerian Film Industry". Central Connecticut State University. Africa Update Vol. XI, Issue 2. Archived from the original on 27 November 2009. Retrieved 16 July 2014.

Kamar yadda gidajen silima suka zama fasalin rayuwar jama'a a cikin birni mai tasowa na Legas, ƙarshen shekarun 1930 zuwa 1940 sun nuna farkon kafa manyan gidajen silimi na kasuwanci tare da rassa a sassa masu mahimmanci na ƙasar. Ɗaya daga cikin masu ba da fina-finai na farko a Legas shine "Kamfanin Hotuna na Yammacin Afirka" mallakar Mista S. Khalil, memba na al'ummar Siriya a Legas. Ya kafa Rex Cinema a Ebute Metta, Regal Cinema da Royal Cinema . Sauran shahararrun sarkar fina-finai sun haɗa da: Capitol Cinema, Casino Cinema, Kings Cinema, Central Cinema, Rialto Cinema, Corona Cinema, Odeon Cinema, Road House Cinema, Ikeja Arms Cinema da Glover Hall. A cikin 1937, gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta kafa Kwamitin Censorship don kula da al'amuran da suka shafi kafawa da ayyukan gidajen silima a cikin mulkin mallaka.Olubomehin, Oladipo O. (2012). "CINEMA BUSINESS IN LAGOS, NIGERIA SINCE 1903". Historical Research Letter. 3. ISSN 2224-3178. Abubuwan Najeriya a cikin fina-finai da aka yi kuma aka nuna a cikin fina'finai na Najeriya a wannan lokacin duk da haka kusan ba su wanzu ba yayin da baƙi ke sarrafa samarwa da rarrabawa. A sakamakon haka, nishaɗin hoto na motsi ya haɗu da ƙungiyoyin wasan kwaikwayo na Yoruba, waɗanda suka fito a cikin shekarun 1930 zuwa 1940; Ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan su ne ƙungiyoyin wasan kwaikwayon Agbegijo da Alarinjo, waɗanda suka haɗa da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo kamar Duro Ladipo, Ishola Ogunmola, Lere Paimo, da Oyin Adejobi.

A shekara ta 1949, an kafa Sashin Fim na Najeriya a matsayin wani ɓangare na shirin rarraba samar da fina-finai na mulkin mallaka. Daga baya aka sake tsara wannan rukunin zuwa yankuna daidai da canje-canjen kundin tsarin mulki a Najeriya a shekara ta 1954. The Colonial Film Unit, a cikin shekaru goma, ya nuna fina-finai na kiwon lafiya da ilimi ga masu sauraro na gida ta hanyar motocin fim dinsa. Har ila yau, ya samar da labarai da gajerun shirye-shirye, suna nuna bukukuwan da nasarorin mulkin mallaka ga masu sauraro na cikin gida da na kasashen waje.

A cikin shekarun 1950, yanayin al'amuran ya canza kadan, tare da karin abubuwan Najeriya da ake nunawa a cikin fina-finai, "History of Nollywood". Nificon. Archived from the original on 26 March 2011. Retrieved 15 October 2014.
Category:CS1: unfit URL tare da fitarwa don samar da fim din "African". "Nigerian Film Unit". Colonial Film. Retrieved 29 March 2015. Ya zama babban karuwar masu sauraron fina-finai a sakamakon haka, tare da kimanin masu sauraro miliyan 3.5 a shekara-shekara tun daga shekara ta 1951. Yayinda masana'antar fina-finai ta zama rukuni a matsayin sashen bayanai na "Ma'aikatar Bayanai" a cikin 1954, sashin fim ɗin yana aiki da farko don samar da fina-fukkuna da labarai game da abubuwan da suka faru a cikin gida masu mahimmanci. A sakamakon haka, yawancin fina-finai da aka nuna a cikin shekarun 1950 galibi shirye-shiryen ilimi ne; fina-fukkukan da suka mamaye gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Najeriya musamman a ƙarshen shekarun 1950 har zuwa 'yancin kai sun haɗa da: fina-ffinai da Gwamnati ke tallafawa kan kiwon lafiya da ilimi, shirye-shirye game da ziyarar Sarauniya zuwa Najeriya, wasannin kwallon kafa na Ingila, muhawara na Westminster da fina-fukan cowboy.Emeagwali, Gloria (Spring 2004). "Editorial: Nigerian Film Industry". Central Connecticut State University. Africa Update Vol. XI, Issue 2. Archived from the original on 27 November 2009. Retrieved 16 July 2014.Soyingbe, Anthonia (30 September 2009). "Nigeria: X-Raying The Country's Entertainment Industry at 49". allAfrica.com. Retrieved 29 March 2015. Har ila yau, gwamnati ta yi amfani da sinima don manufar talla, kuma an kawo kamfen ɗin soja daban-daban ga mutane ta hanyar nune-nunen sinima.Olubomehin, Oladipo O. (2012). "CINEMA BUSINESS IN LAGOS, NIGERIA SINCE 1903". Historical Research Letter. 3. ISSN 2224-3178.

 Hotunan fina-finai 

 Palaver (fim na 1926)
 Sanders na Kogin (1935) 
 Mutumin daga Maroko (1945) 
 Maza na Duniya Biyu (1946) 

 Dubi kuma 

 Fim na Najeriya
 Zamanin Zinariya na Fim na Najeriya
 Kafofin watsa labarai a Najeriya

 Manazarta