Kogon Salemas

Kogon Salemas yana kusa da ƙauyen Lousa a cikin gundumar Loures a gundumar Lisbon ta Portugal . Masu binciken kayan tarihi sun gano a cikin shekarun 1950, kogon ya bayyana cewa mutane sun mamaye kogon a matsayin mafaka na wucin gadi yayin Upper Paleolithic kuma an yi amfani da shi azaman kabari a lokacin Neolithic . 
Kogon ya kasance a cikin wani dutsen dutsen ƙasa na Cretaceous, kogon yana da nisan mil 100 daga arewacin dolmen Neolithic da aka sani da Anta do Alto da Toupeira . Kogon mafita ne kuma yana kunshe da wata tuggu mai jujjuyawa mai tsayin mita 30 da fadin mita daya. Ko da yake ba shi da banbanci a yankin, shi ne kogon da ya fi ci gaba, ta fuskar girma da zurfinsa. An fara gano shi a cikin Satumba 1959 ta L. Albuquerque e Castro sannan kuma wata ƙungiya daga Cibiyar Nazarin Geological ta Portugal ta hako ta, wanda O. de Veiga Ferreira, José Camarate Andrade França da Georges Zbyszewski ke jagoranta, yayin tono biyu a cikin Nuwamba 1959 da kuma a cikin Oktoba- Disamba "Gruta de Salemas". Megalithic Portal. Retrieved 1 May 2019.   

Manyan matakan da aka tono sun ƙunshi kayan Neolithic, kamar kayan yumbu, tare da ƙasusuwan ɗan adam daidai da kasancewar necropolis da ƙasusuwan ƙananan dabbobi. Kayan aikin da aka samu kaɗan sun nuna cewa kogon bai taɓa zama wurin zama na dindindin ga mutane ba. Ƙananan matakan sun ƙunshi shaidar Solutrean lithic kayan aikin kashi da kayan tarihi na Upper Paleolithic, tare da ƙasusuwan dabbobi daban-daban. Akwai shaida cewa an cire wasu daga cikin matakan Paleolithic a wani ɓangare na kogon a lokacin Neolithic don yin hanya don necropolis. Kasusuwan dabbar da aka gano sun hada da na beraye masu launin ruwan kasa ( Ursus arctos ) da kogon kogo ( Ursus spelaeus ); damisa ( Felis pardus ) da kuma Iberian lynx ( Felis pardina ); kuraye ; kyarkeci; da dawakai.  

Ana adana abubuwan da aka tattara a Gidan Tarihi na Geological na Lisbon ( Museu Geológico ). Haɗin gwiwar carbon yana sanya kwanakin ƙasusuwan ɗan adam da hakori daga Paleolithic kamar yadda ya kasance daga kusan shekaru 25,000 zuwa 20,000 da suka gabata. "Gruta de Salemas". Megalithic Portal. Retrieved 1 May 2019.

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