Max Speter

Max Speter
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Max Speter (1 Afrilu ga watan 1883 - 30 ga watan Yuni 1942) ya kasance Bayahude-Jamus masanin ilmin sinadarai da tarihin kimiyya. 
Tarihin Rayuwa
An haifi Max Speter a Beszterce, Austria-Hungary (yanzu Bistrița, Romania), ƙaramin a cikin yara bakwai, ga iyayensa Yahudawa Johann Speter da Anna Dollberg. Ya girma a Bistrița kuma ya kammala karatunsa a cikin 1900 daga Gymnasium na Jamus. Speter ya fara karatun injiniya a Jami'ar Fasaha da Tattalin Arziki ta Budapest. Daga nan ya koma Hanover, kuma ya kammala karatunsa a Munich inda ya samu Diploma a fannin Injiniya. Bayan kammala karatunsa ya yi aiki tare da Oskar von Miller, wanda ya kafa gidan tarihi na Deutsches, a matsayin memba na ƙungiyar kafa gidan kayan gargajiya. A wani lokaci ya yi aiki a masana'antar sinadarai a Jamus da Hungary. Sannan aka dauke shi aikin bincike a Jami'ar Humboldt ta Berlin, inda ya kuma fara karatun digirin digirgir (Ph.D). littafin rubutu. Mashawarcinsa na digirin digirgir sune Hans Heinrich Landolt da Walther Nernst, wadanda daga baya suka lashe kyautar Nobel a fannin ilmin sinadarai a shekarar 1920. Speter ya sami digiri na uku a cikin 1910.

Karkashin mulkin NaziDaga shekara ta 1934, bayan mulkin Nazi, ya zama da wuya Speter ya yi bincike da bugawa saboda zuriyarsa ta Yahudawa. A shekara ta 1937 gidan rediyon Jamus ya soke shirin watsa jawabinsa na jama'a. Daga shekarar alif  1939 kuma aka dakatar da shi gaba daya daga bugawa a Jamus. Speter ya kashe kansa a ranar 30 ga watan Yuni shekarar alif 1942. 
Ayyukan sana'a 
Bincike da ci gaban masana'antu[gyara tushe] Yayin da take aiki a matsayin mai bincike a Jami'ar Humboldt ta Berlin, Speter ya kirkiro hanyoyin da za a cire Thorium da Scandium. A cikin 1911 da 1912 ya yi rajistar haƙƙin mallaka akan waɗannan hanyoyin. A cikin shekarun nan ya yi aikin dakin gwaje-gwaje don samar da manna na Tungsten, sannan aka yi amfani da shi wajen kera filaye masu haske. A cikin 1923 da 1925 ya yi rajistar haƙƙin mallaka don fitilar disinfecting dangane da acetaldehyde. A cikin 1927 da 1928 ya yi nazarin abubuwan da ke tattare da siliki, kayan filastik da kayan aikin roba. An buga sakamakon waɗannan karatun a cikin jerin labarai a cikin mujallolin ƙwararru da yawa.
Tarihin kimiyya Baya ga aikin nasa a matsayin masanin ilmin sinadarai, Speter yana da sha'awar nazarin tarihin sinadarai. Taken takardar karatunsa na digirin digirgir, wanda aka buga a shekara ta 1910, shi ne "Lavoisier and his Forerunners" Lavoisier und seine Vorläufer. Eine historisch-kritische Studie;Max Speter; Ferdinand. Enke, Stuttgart; 1910 Daga baya ya karanci fannoni daban-daban na ilmin sinadarai, amma babban abin da ya fi so shi ne tarihin sukari da superphosphate.
Manazarta