100 Shahararrun Dutsen Japan

100 Shahararrun tsaunukan a Jafananci (日本百名山, Nihon Hyaku-meizan) littafi ne da aka rubuta a cikin  shekaru 1964 ta mai hawan dutse kuma marubuci Kyūya Fukada.] Jerin ya kasance batun jigon shirye-shiryen NHK, da sauran littattafan yawo.  An buga wani bugu na Turanci, Duwatsu ɗari na Japan, wanda Martin Hood ya fassara, a cikin 2014 Jami'ar Hawaii Press ( ). 

Cikakken jerin (an tsara su cikin yankuna daga arewa maso gabas zuwa kudu maso yamma) yana ƙasa.

 Tarihi 
An samar da zaɓen tsaunukan da aka yi murna tun lokacin Edo.  Tani Bunchō ya yaba da tsaunuka 90 a cikin 日本名山図会 (Tarin taswirori da hotuna na shahararrun tsaunukan Japan), amma daga cikin waɗannan an haɗa da ƙananan tsaunuka kamar Dutsen Asama a cikin Ise, Mie, da Dutsen Nokogiri a tsibirin Bōsō.  Bai gamsu da wannan zaɓi ba, Fukuda, wanda ya haura tsaunuka da yawa a Japan, ya zaɓi tsaunukan Japan 100 da aka yi bikin bisa ga haɗin kai na alheri, tarihi, da ɗaiɗaikun mutane.

Ko da yake ba a sani ba da farko ban da wasu masu sha'awar tafiya da masu karatu, rahotannin cewa jerin suna ɗaya daga cikin (a lokacin) littattafan da Yariman Sarki ya fi so ya ƙaru.  Sarkin ya kasance mai kishin tsauni har ma ya kasance a wani kulob na tsaunuka, kuma an ruwaito cewa mafarki ne nasa ya kai kololuwar kowane dutsen da ke cikin jerin.

Tun daga shekarun 1980, an sami bunƙasar hawan hawan tsakanin masu matsakaicin shekaru.  Ba alpinism ba ga ƙwararru, wani lokaci har da hawan dutse, an shahara, amma a maimakon haka ya fi yin tafiye-tafiye na yau da kullun ko tafiya ga talakawa.  Duk da haka, saboda samar da karin gidajen kwana da hanyoyin tsaunuka, da kuma inganta fasahar hawan dutse, an samu damar hawa tsaunukan da a da ake ganin sun yi kaca-kaca.

Jerin ya zama gama gari, kuma mutane da yawa sun zaɓi tsaunuka daga littafin don hawa.  A cikin yin koyi da Sarkin sarakuna, mutane da yawa kuma sun kafa burin kaiwa kowane koli a jerin sunayen.

Shirye-shiryen hawan dutse a kan NHK sun taimaka wajen yada jerin.  Tashar ta watsa wani shirin talabijin game da ɗaukar tsaunukan da ke cikin jeri ɗaya bayan ɗaya, da kuma matakin hawan dutse na Rambo Minami na masu matsakaicin shekaru.  Waɗannan sun sami shahara sosai, kuma jerin sun shahara sosai.  Tun daga wannan lokacin, jerin tsaunuka 200 da 300, jerin ɗaruruwan tsaunuka a yankuna daban-daban, da jerin duwatsun furanni 100 sun bayyana.

A shekara ta 2002, an kafa sabon rikodin lokacin da aka ratsa dukkan duwatsun cikin kwanaki 66. An maye gurbin wannan a cikin 2007, tare da sabon rikodin kwanaki 48 masu ci gaba. An kara rage wannan zuwa kwanaki 33 a cikin 2014 

 Bincike 
Idan aka kwatanta da sauran kasidu na zamani a kan tsaunukan Japan kamar hawan dutse da bincike a cikin tsaunukan Jafananci na Walter Weston, littafin gajere ne.  Fukuda ya rubuta tarihin tsaunuka, musamman ma asalin sunayensu.  Ba rubutu ba ne da mutane za su iya karantawa don jin daɗin hawan hawa ko yanayi.  Wasu na ganin cewa dalilin da ya sa aka sami karbuwa sosai a jerin sunayen shi ne, an sanya shi cikin tsaunuka 100 da aka riga aka sani..

 Ka'idodin Zaɓuɓɓuka 
Fukada ya zabi tsaunuka 100 daga cikin wadanda ya hau bisa ka'idoji guda uku: alheri, tarihi da daidaikun mutane.  Akwai ɗan sassauci game da tsayi, tare da wasu tsaunuka, kamar Dutsen Tsukuba da Dutsen Kaimon, suna ƙarƙashin iyaka.. 

Akwai ra'ayoyi mabanbanta da yawa game da ma'aunin zaɓi.  Yawancin lokaci ana nuna cewa jerin suna jaddada tsaunuka a yankin Chubu.  An ruwaito cewa Fukada, wanda ya fito daga Ishikawa Prefecture, ya taso yana duban Dutsen Haku, amma ya zaɓi 13 kawai zuwa yamma. 

Duk da haka, alheri da ɗaiɗaikun mutane suna cikin idon masu kallo, kuma a cikin tarihi, an yi ta yaɗuwar almara da yawa game da tsaunuka a cikin yankin Kinki.  Haka kuma, yawancin masoyan tsaunuka[wane?] sun yi jayayya cewa tun da Dutsen Tsukuba, mai tsayin mita 877 (876 a lokacin), ya kamata a zabi wasu tsaunuka a wasu yankuna.. 

 Jerin ta hanyar yanki 

 Gidan wuta na Akan (阿寒岳) 
 Daisetsuzan Volcanic Group (大雪山) 
 Dutsen Poroshiri
 Dutsen Rausu
 Dutsen Rishiri
 Dutsen Shari
 Dutsen Tokachi (十勝岳) 
 Dutsen Tomuraushi
 Dutsen Yōtei

 Yankin Tōhoku 

 Dutsen Adatara (安達太良山) 
 Dutsen Aizu-Komagatake
 Dutsen Asahi (朝日岳) 


 Dutsen Azuma (mahaifiyar dutse) 
 Dutsen Bandai (岩梯山) 
 Dutsen Chōkai (tsuntsaye海山) 
 Dutsen Gassan (月山) 
 Dutsen Hachimantai
 Hakkōda (八甲田山) 
 Dutsen Hayachine (早池峰山) 
 Dutsen Hiuchigatake
 Dutsen Iide (飯豊山) 
 Dutsen Iwaki (dutse mai tsawo) 
 Dutsen Iwate (dutse mai tsawo) 
 Dutsen Zaō (蔵王山) 

 Yankin Kantō 

 Dutsen Akagi (赤城山) 
 Dutsen Asama (浅間山) 
 Dutsen Azumaya (四阿山) 
 Dutsen Hiragatake (平ヶ岳) 
 Dutsen Hotaka (武尊山) 
 Dutsen Kumotori (雲取山) 
 Dutsen Kusatsu-Shirane (草津白根山) 
 Dutsen Nantai (dutse na maza) 
 Dutsen Nasu
 Dutsen Nikkō-Shirane (日光白根山) 
 Dutsen Ryōkami
 Dutsen Shibutsu (zuwa仏山) 
 Dutsen Sukai (duniya) 
 Dutsen Tanigawa (谷川岳) 
 Dutsen Tanzawa
 Dutsen Tsukuba (筑波山) 

 Yankin Chūbu 

 Dutsen Aino (間ノ岳) 
 Dutsen Akaishi (赤石岳) 
 Dutsen Amagi (dutse na sama) 
 Dutsen Amakazari
 Dutsen Daibosatsu (babban菩薩岳) 
 Dutsen Ena
 Dutsen Fuji (富士山) 
 Dutsen Goryu (五竜岳) 
 Dutsen Haku (farin dutse) 
 Dutsen Hijiri (Mai Tsarki) 
 Dutsen Hiuchi (ƙone dutse) 
 Dutsen Hōō


 Dutsen Shirouma (白馬岳) 
 Dutsen Takatsuma (dutse mai tsawo) 
 Dutsen Tateshina
 Dutsen Tate (立山) 
 Dutsen Tekari (光岳) 
 Dutsen Tsurugi
 Dutsen Uonuma-Komagatake (魚沼駒ヶ岳) 
 Dutsen Utsugi (空木岳) 
 Dutsen Warusawa, wanda aka fi sani da Dutsen Arakawa (荒川岳) 
 Dutsen Washiba
 Dutsen Yake
 Dutsen Yakushi
 Dutsen Yari
 Yatsugatake (八ヶ岳) 
 Utsukushigahara Highland (美ヶ原) 

 Yammacin Japan 

 Dutsen Arashima (荒島岳) 
 Dutsen Aso (Asu山) 
 Daisen (babban dutse) 
 Dutsen Ibuki (伊吹山) 
 Dutsen Ishizuchi
 Dutsen Kaimon (開聞岳) 
 Dutsen Kirishima (霧島山) 
 Dutsen Kujū (九重山) ko Kokonoe
 Dutsen Miyanoura (宮之浦岳) 
 Dutsen Ōdaigahara (babban台ヶ原山) 
 Dutsen Ōmine (babban tsaunin dutse) 
 Dutsen Sobo (mahaifiyar dutse) 
 Dutsen Tsurugi (剣山) 
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba