Rashin narkewa yana hana monolayers

Evaporation suppressing monolayers ne kayan da idan aka yi amfani da su ga iska / ruwa dubawa, zai yada (ko kai tsaye) kuma ya samar da wani m fim a fadin ruwa. Manufar waɗannan kayan shine don rage asarar ruwa daga madatsun ruwa da tafkuna.

 Hanyar aiki 
Takamaiman hanyar da ke haifar da juriya ta monolayer an danganta shi da shingen jiki wanda aka kafa ta kasancewar waɗannan kayan a saman ruwa (duba adadi). Har zuwa inda kayan zasu iya tsayayya da evaporation na ruwa ya fi dacewa a kan shari'a-da- shari'a, duk da haka, an bayar da rahoton wasu ka'idojin da aka samo asali. Kafin zuwan dabarun spectroscopic na farfajiyar kamar Brewster Angle Microscopy (BAM) da Glancing Incidence X-Ray reflectometry (GIXD), an yi tunanin cewa sararin samaniya tsakanin kwayoyin monolayer shine mafi girman abin da ke jagorantar murkushewar evaporation. Lokacin da yawan saman monolayer ya isa ya zama karami, an ɗauka kwayoyin ruwa su wuce cikin sararin samaniya tsakanin kwayoyin.   Sakamakon watsawa da hotunan, duk da haka, ya bayyana cewa nisan intermolecular tsakanin kwayoyin monolayer ya kasance ainihin koyaushe, kuma cewa evaporation ya fi dacewa a iyakokin yankin. Abubuwan da ke jagorantar ingancin evaporation suppressing monolayer shine ikon kasancewa a cikin ƙarfi duk da canje-canje a matsin lamba, ikon mannewa da saman ruwa, da kuma kwayoyin makwabta.

 Tarihi 
Irving Langmuir ya bayyana tsarin lissafi na fim din monolayer a kan ruwa a 1917, aikin da daga baya za a ba shi kyautar Nobel a ilmin sunadarai. Rideal ne ya fara bayar da rahoton abubuwan da ke hana tururi na waɗannan kayan a cikin shekarun 1920  A cikin shekarun 1940 Langmuir da Schaefer sun ƙididdige juriyar tururi da dogaro da zafin jiki. Archer da La Mer sun tsawaita wannan aikin a cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa, waɗanda suka lura da dogaro da matsin lamba, tsawon sarkar, matakin monolayer, abun da ke cikin ɓangaren da zafin jiki. Mansfield yana gudanar da gwaje-gwaje masu yawa a wannan lokacin a Ostiraliya  Ya ba da rahoton cewa sakamakon da aka gani a cikin dakin gwaje-gidan gwaje-gaje ba za a iya maimaita shi a cikin yanayin duniya na ainihi ba, tare da ƙura da iska ana nuna su kamar yadda suke shafar aikin hana evaporation.

A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, kokarin bincike ya mayar da hankali kan kayan monolayer masu yawa kamar su hexadecanol + octadecanol,  canza yawan carbon a cikin sarkar aliphatic,  kuma daga baya, ƙarin polymerised surfactants don kara kwanciyar hankali na monolayer. 

Ana buƙatar kayan monolayer mafi kyau kamar yadda hanyoyin rarraba monolayer mafi kyawun suke, kodayake babu ƙuduri na waɗannan matsalolin a halin yanzu.

Duk da bincike a wannan yanki na mafi yawan karni na 20, babu wani abu mai dorewa, mai tasiri da arha da ya zo kasuwa. Kwanan nan, ci gaba a cikin gwaji da dabarun ƙira sun kara fahimtar waɗannan kayan.

 Abubuwan da suka faru kwanan nan 
A lokacin fari mai tsawo a Ostiraliya a farkon wannan karni, masana kimiyya a can daga cibiyoyin bincike da yawa, gami da Pr. David Solomon, wanda ya kirkiro takardar kudi na polymer,  ya shirya game da haɓaka samfurin da ke da inganci, mai tsayayya da mummunar tasirin iska, kuma mai araha. Baya ga ƙananan gwaje-gwaje masu girma, an yi amfani da sabbin dabaru ciki har da sabon tankin evaporation tare da tsarin yanayi mai sarrafawa don kwaikwayon tasirin iska da raƙuman ruwa,  kuma an yi amfani dashi a karo na farko don danganta abubuwan da ke da ƙarfi da geometric a matakin atomistic, tare da evaporation yana hana aiki a matakin macroscopic. An gano amfani da ethylene glycol monooctadecyl ether don rage juriya a gaban iska, kuma ƙara polymer mai narkewa da ruwa ya kara inganta tasirinsa.  

 Kayayyakin Kasuwanci 
WaterGuard wanda Aquatain ya ƙera yana tallata wani abu mai tushe na polymer wanda ke rage ƙawancen ruwa.[1] Sauran kayayyakin sun hada da Solarpill[2] da Water$aver.[3] Ba a nuna ingancin waɗannan samfuran ba. [ana yanayi hujja] [citation need]

 Dubi kuma 

 Monolayer da aka haɗa da kansa
 Monolayers

 Manazarta