Linda Andre

Linda Andre (1959 - 2023) ta kasance Mai fafutukar kare lafiyar kwakwalwa ta Amurka kuma marubuciya, tana zaune a Birnin New York, wacce ta kasance darakta na Kwamitin Gaskiya a cikin Kwarewar kwakwalwa (CTIP), kungiyar da Marilyn Rice ta kafa a 1984 don ƙarfafa Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna ta Amurka (FDA) don tsara injunan maganin lantarki (ECT). 

 Yunkurin adawa da ECT 
Tun lokacin da ya karbi ECT a farkon shekarun 1980 yana da shekaru 25, Andre ya rubuta kuma yayi bincike don taimakawa wasu wadanda suka tsira daga ECT su jimre da asarar hankalinsu da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, da kuma sanar da jama'a game da haɗarin ECT. An yi hira da Linda ta hanyar 20/20, The Atlantic, New York Times  da Washington Post.

Lokacin da aka yi hira da Los Angeles Times a shekara ta 2003, Andre ya yi sharhi game da binciken Burtaniya wanda ya gano cewa lokacin da marasa lafiya suka taimaka  tsara ko gudanar da binciken ECT, kashi ɗaya bisa uku na masu amsa sun yi iƙirarin samun ECT mai taimako, amma lokacin da likitoci suka tsara kuma suka gudanar da binciken, kashi uku cikin huɗu sun yi ilar samun ECT da ke da amfani. "Wannan shi ne abin da ke faruwa lokacin da kuka tambayi marasa lafiya abin da suke tunani, "in ji Andre, "...kun sami labarin daban-daban daga ɗayan likitocin kwakwalwa suke fada. "  Ita da abokanta sun kafa Kwamitin Gaskiya a cikin Psychiatry tare da [yaushe?] sama da 500 tsoffin marasa lafiya na lantarki. 

A shekara ta 2009, an buga littafinta, Doctors of Deception: What they don't want you to know about shock treatment. Da yake nazarin wannan aikin, James Wood, na Jami'ar Edinburgh ya rubuta a cikin mujallar Social History of Medicine, "[A] a cikin surori 17 da aka yi bincike sosai, Andre ya ba da bambanci mai amfani ga da'awar da aka yi a cikin waƙar Edward Shorter da David Healy na baya-bayan nan ga ECT da mutanen da suka taimaka wajen ci gabanta (Edward Shorter daDavid Healy, Shock Therapy, 2007), kuma yana ba da yiwuwar lalacewa ga duka ECT da sana'ar ilimin halayyar zamani ta Amurka.

 Ayyukan da aka buga 




 Andre, Linda (2023). Elektroschocks. In: Will Hall, Jenseits der Psychiatrie – Stimmen und Visionen des Wahnsinns im Madness Radio. Berlin & Lancaster: Peter Lehmann Publishing, pp. 60–62. ISBN 978-3-910546-23-3 (paperback),  (e-book)

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 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Mutuwan 2023
Rukuni:Haihuwan 1959
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba