Fumbar hayaki ta ASTM

ASTM Smoke Pump, ko 'spot pump', kayan aiki ne don kimanta yawan duhu na hayaki. Ana amfani dashi sosai (2014) ta hanyar injiniyoyin dumama don tantance hayaki, galibi daga kayan aikin kone mai kamar murhun itace ko bututun mai. Ya ƙunshi silinda mai girman gaske wanda aka ja piston mai dacewa, yana shan samfurin hayaki ta hanyar karamin bututun akan takardar tacewa (daidai da takardar Whatman No2) don a kafa 'spot' a kan takarda, wanda za'a iya kwatanta duhu da daidaitattun ginshiƙi don nuna maida hankali ga hayaki.

Matakan da aka yi ta amfani da ASTM Smoke Pump sun zama wani ɓangare na bukatun doka a Amurka da Jamus. Ba kamar sauran hanyoyin auna hayaki ba, ASTM Pump yana ba da rikodin dindindin da samfurin hayaki. Saboda amfani da shi yana ɗaukar 'yan sakan kaɗan, yana iya samar da jerin samfuran hayaki a tsawon lokaci, yana ba da damar yin amfani da bututun ruwa da sauransu don a kimanta su a kan cikakken zagaye na konewa da bayanan hoto don tattara su.

Saboda tsarin ya dogara da kwatankwacin maimakon kimantawa na yawan launi, kuma saboda ana iya ɗaukar samfurori da yawa, ana ɗaukarsa abin dogaro sosai. ASTM Standard ya ba da rahoton cewa, "Bambanci tsakanin sakamakon gwajin da aka samu ta wannan mai aiki tare da wannan na'urar a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na yau da kullun akan kayan gwaji iri ɗaya zai, a cikin dogon lokaci, a cikin aiki na al'ada da daidai na hanyar gwajin, ya wuce rabin lambar hayaki don kawai ɗaya cikin ashirin. "

 Ka'ida 
Kungiyar Amurka don Gwaje-gwaje da Kayan aiki (ASTM) ta bayyana na'urar a cikin Standard D2156 "Standard Test Method for Smoke Density in Flue Gases", wanda aka fara bugawa a shekarar 1965, an sake duba shi sau da yawa, kwanan nan a shekarar 2018.

 Daidaitawa 
Kayan aikin yana ba da ma'aikacin wuri mai duhu a kan takardar takarda wanda aka kwatanta shi da daidaitattun ginshiƙi, wanda aka ƙidaya 0 zuwa 10, 0 gaba ɗaya fari ne kuma 10 gaba ɗaya baƙar fata. Za'a iya danganta duhu da yiwuwar maida hankali ga ƙwayoyin hayaƙi masu duhu a cikin iskar gas ta hanyar tsari mai mahimmanci wanda ba na layi ba  bisa ga Takardar OECD 'Hanyar Aunawa da Ruwan Ruwa'. Inda: Sd = Gaskiyar hayaki a kan takarda, a cikin micrograms (mcg) a kowace murabba'in cm. Ob = Ruwan takarda da aka lura, a matsayin rabo (watau 0 = fari, 0.5 = 50% baki, 1.0 = baki

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba