Jirgin Gas na Yammacin Afirka

Jirgin Gas na Yammacin Afirka (Faransanci: Gazoduc yammacin Afirka; WAGP ko GOA) bututun gas ne don samar da iskar gas daga yankin Escravos na Najeriya na yankin Nejar Delta zuwa Benin, Togo da Ghana . Shi ne na farko yanki gas watsa tsarin a sub-Saharan Afirka.

 Tarihi 
An fara aikin ne a shekarar 1982, lokacin da Ƙungiyar Tattalin Arziƙi ta Yammacin Afirka (ECOWAS) ta ba da shawarar ci gaban bututun gas a duk faɗin Yammacin Afrika. A cikin shekarar 1991, wani rahoto na yiwuwar da Bankin Duniya ya gudanar game da samar da iskar gas ta Najeriya ga kasuwannin Afirka ta Yamma ya yi la'akari da cewa aikin yana da damar kasuwanci.

A watan Satumbar 1995, gwamnatocin kasashe hudu na Afirka sun sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar Shugabannin Jihohi. An gudanar da binciken yiwuwar a cikin 1999. A ranar 11 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1999, kasashe masu halarta sun sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar fahimtar juna a Cotonou, Benin. A watan Fabrairun 2000, an sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar Gwamnati. An sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar aiwatarwa ta WAGP a shekara ta 2003. An gudanar da bukukuwan kaddamar da aikin a Sekondi-Takoradi, Ghana, a ranar 3 ga Disamba 2004.  Ginin ya fara ne a shekara ta 2005. 

An kammala bututun mai a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2006 kuma an shirya fara aiki a ranar 23 ga watan Disamban shekarar 2007 amma an jinkirta bayan an gano kwararar bututun mai na Najeriya. An shirya ranar isar da ta biyu a ranar 13 ga Fabrairu 2008, amma an sake jinkirta isar da ita na yau da kullun, lokacin da aka harbe daya daga cikin 'yan kwangila na Willbros kuma aka kashe shi a Najeriya da' yan fashi masu dauke da makamai.

Ana sa ran isar da iskar gas a ƙarshen shekara ta 2009 bayan ƙaddamar da tashoshin daidaitawa da ma'auni a Takoradi da Tema, Ghana, Lagos Beach, Najeriya, Cotonou, Benin, da Lomé, Togo a watan Mayu na shekara ta 2008.  Koyaya, an sake jinkirta isar da su saboda yawan danshi da aka samu a cikin bututun gas na bakin teku.

 Hanyar da za a yi amfani da ita 
Jirgin ya kunshi sassan uku tare da jimlar tsawon kilomita 678 (421 .  Yankin 569 kilomita (354  na bakin teku ya fara ne a tashar Itoki a kudu maso gabashin Najeriya kuma yana gudana ta cikin ruwan Benin, Togo da Ghana daidai da bakin tekun, kusan kilomita 15 (9.3  zuwa kilomita 20 (12  na teku a cikin zurfin ruwa tsakanin mita 30 (98  da mita 75 (246 . Sashe na Najeriya na bututun mai ya haɗa tashar compressor na sashin bakin teku a Legas Beach tare da Tsarin bututun mai na Escravos-Lagos mallakar Chevron, yana aiki tun 1989. Yana yiwuwa daga baya za a faɗaɗa WAGP zuwa Côte d'Ivoire kuma a cikin dogon lokaci har ma da Senegal.

 Bayani na fasaha 
Diamita na ɓangaren kan tudu shine inci 30 (760 . Diamita na bututun mai na bakin teku shine inci 20 (510  kuma ƙarfin yana da mita cubic biliyan 5 (bcm) na iskar gas a kowace shekara. Willbros ne ya gina bututun, tare da Bredero Shaw Ltd suna amfani da murfin kankare ga bututun a wurin da yake a Tema, Ghana. BJ Process da Pipeline Services ne suka samar da ayyukan kafin a ba da umarni. Jimlar bututun mai tana kusa da dala miliyan 974, wanda Bankin Duniya ya ba da garantin dala miliyan 50 ga Ghana, yayin da Hukumar Kula da Kasuwancin Kasuwanci ta Multilateral ta ba da garantar haɗarin siyasa na dala miliyan 75 ga WAGPo gaba ɗaya.    

 Kamfanin aikin 
Kamfanin West African Gas Pipeline Company Limited (WAGPCo) ne ke mallakar bututun mai, ƙungiyar Chevron (36.7%), Kamfanin Man Fetur na Najeriya (25%), Royal Dutch Shell (18%), Hukumar Kogin Volta ta Ghana (16.3%), Société Togolaise de Gaz (SoToGaz - 2%) da Société Beninoise de Gaz SA (SoBeGaz - 2%).  Manajan darektan kamfanin shine Walter Perez .  Kamfanin Chevron ne ke sarrafa shi.

 Masu amfani 
A Ghana, an samar da iskar gas don Takoradi_Power_Station" id="mwnA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Takoradi Power Station">Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Takoradi a Aboadze kusa da Takoradi, wanda Hukumar Kogin Volta da Kamfanin Kasa da Kasa na Takoradi (TICO) ke sarrafawa.  Ya zuwa shekara ta 2014, duk da haka, ana cinye mafi yawan iskar gas a Legas.

 Rikici 
Kungiyar muhalli ta Friends of the Earth ta soki aikin, bayan da al'ummomin yankin a Najeriya suka koka cewa zai lalata ƙasa, lalata hanyoyin rayuwa da gurɓata wuraren kamun kifi.

 Lalacewar da 'yan fashi suka yi 
A ranar 27 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2012, bututun gas na Yammacin Afirka ya lalace lokacin da 'yan fashi da suka yi ƙoƙari su shiga cikin tankar mai a cikin ƙoƙari na tserewa daga rundunar sojan ruwa ta Togo, sun lalata bututun mai sosai tare da tashar su. Kusan shekara guda, samar da iskar gas ga Ghana, Togo da Benin ya ƙare, wanda ya haifar da manyan matsalolin samar da wutar lantarki ga ƙasashen da abin ya shafa.

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba