André Gedalge

André Gedalge (27 Disamba 1856 - 5 Fabrairu 1926) ya kasance mawaki da malami na Faransa. 

 Tarihin rayuwa 
An haifi tAndré Gedalge a 75 rue des Saints-Pères a Paris inda ya fara aiki a matsayin mai sayar da littattafai da edita, ƙwararre ne a cikin littattafai na makarantun jama'a. A wannan lokacin mahaifinsa da shi sun buga littattafan Marie Laubot da Edmond About don Librairie Gedalge .

A shekara ta 1886, yana da shekaru 28, ya shiga Conservatoire de Paris . A wannan shekarar ya lashe Prix de Rome na biyu . Ya yi karatu a karkashin Ernest Guiraud, farfesa na counterpoint da fugue, wanda kuma ya kasance malamin Jules Massenet.

In 1891, Gedalge composed the score for Le Petit Savoyard, a pantomime in four acts performed at the Théâtre des Nouveautés. In 1895, Pris au Piège was awarded the Prix Cressant. In June 1900, his one act ballet Phoebé debuted at the Opéra-Comique. He composed Quatuor d'archet, Les Vaux de Vire (a collection of mélodies), children's songs, and three symphonies. These illustrated the proud motto that he followed: "Neither literature, nor painting", which defined "pure music". His Third Symphony in F Major and his Concerto for Piano and Orchestra (written in 1899) were considered masterpieces of French music.[<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2011)">citation needed</span>]

A cikin shekaru kafin Yaƙin Duniya na I, Gedalge ya yi aiki a matsayin magajin gari na Chess, Seine-et-Marne, inda daga baya ya mutu kuma aka binne shi.

 Koyarwa 
Ya rinjayi ɗaliban kiɗa da yawa Duba: Jerin ɗaliban kiɗan ta malami: G zuwa J#André Gedalge. Dukansu Ravel da Enesco, waɗanda suka yi karatu a ƙarƙashin Gedalge, sun See:  waƙoƙi a gare shi, Ravel ya keɓe wa'adin Piano uku kuma Enescu ya keɓe octet don igiyoyi. Sauran ɗaliban da suka keɓe ayyukan sun haɗa da Charles Koechlin, wanda ya keɓe 7 Rondels, Op.8, da Eugène Cools, wanda ya sadaukar da Violin Sonata, Op.79.

Ya kuma rubuta ayyukan koyarwa ga ɗalibai: Traité de la fugue ("Treatise of the Fugue", 1904) da L'Enseignement de la Musique par l'éducation de l'oreille ("The Instruction of Music by the Education of the Ear", 1922). Ya kasance mai tawali'u kuma, saboda haka, bai sami babban suna a matsayin mawaƙi ba, amma ya amfana sosai daga karɓar ɗalibansa. A ranar da ya mutu, an rubuta:Ya ba wa ɗalibansa mafi kyawun ɓangaren kansa: ilimi, fahimtar mutum da kyauta mafi girma wanda shine nagarta. Ya isa cewa ya kasance matalauci kuma ya cancanci sunan mawaƙi saboda haka ya ba da shawara, ya koyar, kuma ya ba da maraba mai ƙauna ba kawai ga ajin sa ba, amma a cikin kusanci da gidansa. (Ya ba wa ɗalibansa mafi kyawun kansa: ilimi, ilimin mutane da kuma wannan baiwa mafi girma na alheri. Ya isa mutum ya kasance matalauci kuma ya cancanci sunan mawaƙi don ya sami shawara, darussan da maraba da ƙauna ba kawai ga ajin sa ba, har ma a cikin gidansa.) 

 Ayyukan da aka zaɓa 

 Ayyuka 

 Volapük-Revue (1886), Play, littafin William Busnach da Albert Vanloo 
 An kama shi a cikin tarko (1890), Opera ComicWasan kwaikwayo mai ban dariya
 Ƙananan Savoyard (1891), Pantomime
 Rabin (1891), Opera mai ban dariya
 Helen (1893), Wasan kwaikwayo
 Farce na cadi (1897) 
 Sita, Labari mai ban mamaki
 Yvette, Pantomime

 Ballets 

 Fada (1900) 

 Ayyukan kiɗa 

 Symphony No. 1 a cikin D mai girma (1893) 
 Concerto for Piano and Orchestra in C minor, Op. 16 (1899) 
 Symphony No. 2 a cikin C minor (1902 sake tsarawa 1912) 
 Symphony No. 3 a cikin F mai girma (1910) 
 Violin Concerto a cikin ƙarami (ranar da ba a sani ba) 
 Symphony No. 4 a cikin A major (ba a gama ba) 

 Ayyukan ɗakin 

 Menuet don String Trio (1873) 
 Romance ba tare da kalmomi ba don violin da piano (1880) 
 String Quartet a cikin B mai girma (1892) 
 Sonata No 1 a cikin G mafi girma don violin da piano, Op. 12 (1897) 
 Sonata No 2 a cikin ƙarami don violin da piano, Op. 19 (1900) 

 Piano 

 Séguedille (1884) 
 3 Valses (1888) 
 An yi amfani da shi a cikin littafin nan Four Prelude and Fugues.
 4 Piano da hannu 4, Op. 18 (1901) 
 3 Nazarin kide-kide, Op. 23 (1902) 

Har ila yau, yana aiki don piano, piano da murya, requiem da sauran ayyukan mawaƙa.

 Rubuce-rubuce 

 Littafin Fugue (1901) 
 Koyarwar Kiɗa ta hanyar ilmantarwa na kunne (1922) 

 Bayanan da aka yi 

 Waƙoƙi da waƙoƙi Geneviève Laurenceau, violin; Mario Hacquard, baritone; Lorène de Ratuld da Claude Collet, piano; Benny Sluchin, trombone; Antoine Curé, ƙaho (CD, Polymnie, 2007) 

 Manazarta