Yara na Ruhu

Yaron ruhu kalma ce Dan Ghana don yaro mai nakasa wanda aka yi imanin yana da ikon sihiri wanda ke haifar da masifa. Naƙasasshi a Ghana an nuna musu mummunan ra'ayi kuma sau da yawa kawai hanyar da ake la'akari da ita don magance yara masu nakasa ita ce kashe su ko fitar da su tare da taimakon likita. Ana kiran yara Ɗan Ruhu a matsayin Chichuru ko kinkiriko a tsohuwar Gundumar Kassena-Nankana ta Arewacin Ghana .  Wadannan yara da farko sun fito ne daga matalauta, yankunan karkara. Koyaya, idan an sami yaro mai ruhu "mai kyau" babu wani hukunci ga yaron ko danginsu.

Irin waɗannan ra'ayoyi da al'adu sun haɗa da "yara maƙaryaci" na Benin, "yara maciji" na Mali da Ivory Coast, da "yara masu banƙyama" na Tanzania. "

 Dalilan da suka haifar 

 Halayen jiki 
Rashin daidaituwa na haihuwa da yara masu ruhu ke nunawa sune manyan ko ƙananan kawuna, spina bifida, hydrocephalus, hakora da suka yi tsami da kuma karye ko gurɓataccen gaɓoɓin. Ana iya zargi yaro mai ruhu da gazawar amfanin gona ko mutuwar dabbobi na ƙauye. Kisan babba da gangan ana zaton zai sa ruhun dabba da aka ambata ya tsalle cikin rundunar mutum.

 Naƙasasshiyar cuta 
Yara masu ruhu galibi suna da nakasa ko wasu cututtuka masu tsanani.Denham, Aaron R.; Adongo, Philip B.; Freydberg, Nicole; Hodgson, Abraham (2010-08-01). "Chasing spirits: Clarifying the spirit child phenomenon and infanticide in Northern Ghana". Social Science & Medicine. 71 (3): 608–615. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.04.022. ISSN 0277-9536. PMID 20605304. Idan mahaifiyar ba ta da lafiya a lokacin daukar ciki, ana iya ganin yaron a matsayin yaro mai ruhu. Idan yaro ya ki cin abinci, suna iya zama yaro na ruhu.Anas Aremeyaw Anas (2018-06-03). "Spirit Child: Ritual Killings in Ghana". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 2020-01-19. Wannan "ƙin bunƙasa" yana nuna cewa yaron na iya zama ruhu mai cutarwa. Iyalai suna tsoron yaransu saboda akwai karancin bayanai game da kula da yara na zamani da za su iya samu  kuma sun yi imanin cewa yaron zai lalata gidan iyali."FAQs". AfriKids. Retrieved 2020-11-16.

 Ruhohi masu jan hankali 
An yi imanin cewa mata na iya jawo hankalin ruhu mai cutarwa idan sun yi tafiya yayin da suke cin abinci. An yi la'akari da cewa, waɗannan ruhohi masu cutarwa suna janyo hankalin abinci na ɗan adam kuma za su shiga ciki mahaifar mace. Sauran ayyukan da ke jan hankalin ruhohi masu cutarwa sun haɗa da "amfani da hanyoyin shiga da ba a yarda da su ba da kuma fita zuwa gida", wanke wasu mata a gefen kogi, da wanka da dare. Mutane da yawa suna la'akari da jerin jarirai a cikin ƙauye don zama wannan ruhun yaro da ke dawowa.Allotey, Pascale; Reidpath, Daniel (2001-04-01). "Establishing the causes of childhood mortality in Ghana: the 'spirit child'". Social Science & Medicine. 52 (7): 1007–1012. doi:10.1016/S0277-9536(00)00207-0. ISSN 0277-9536. PMID 11266045. Lokacin da wannan ya faru, mazauna ƙauyen sun lalata jarirai da aka haifa kwanan nan don yaron ɗaya ba zai iya dawowa ba.

 Abubuwan Al'umma 
Membobin al'umma sun bayyana yara masu ruhu a matsayin "masu saurin motsawa, Mai hikima, masu wayo, da kuma masu lalata".  Membobin al-umma sun kuma lura cewa yara masu ruhu galibi suna da cututtukan Rashin abinci mai gina jiki. Daga cikin dukkan kabilun da aka samu a Ghana, mata sun fi maza damar samun imani na maita.

Lalle ne, imani mai ƙarfi na addini da aka haɗa da Rashin tsaro na abinci yana ƙarfafa waɗannan ayyukan. An yi imanin cewa yara masu ruhu ba su cancanci wuri tsakanin mutane ba. Wannan imani mai karfi na addini na bambancin jarirai ya bayyana al'adun al'adu na iyaye da ke kashe yaransu.  

 Manazarta