María Elena Moyano

María Elena Moyano Delgado (29 Nuwamba 1958 - 15 Fabrairu 1992) ta kasance mai shirya al'umma ta Afro-Peruvian  kuma mai fafutukar Matasa wanda Shining Path ta kashe shi. Ta girma cikin talauci a Villa El Salvador pueblo joven, sannan ta shiga cikin gwagwarmayar yankin. Ta kasance shugabar FEPOMUVES sau biyu (Majalisar Mata ta Villa El Salvador) kuma a lokacin mutuwarta mataimakiyar magajin gari ce. Mutane 300,000 ne suka halarci jana'izarta kuma hakan ya haifar da raguwar goyon baya ga Shining Path. Ta sami lambar yabo ta Peruvian Order of Merit bayan mutuwarta.

 Rayuwa ta farko 
An haifi María Elena Moyano a Santiago de Surco a Lima a ranar 29 ga Nuwamba 1958.  Tana da 'yan uwa shida kuma iyayenta sune Eugenia Delgado Cabrera da Hermógenes Moyano Lescano .  Iyalin sun koma Villa El Salvador pueblo joven lokacin da take da shekaru 13. Ta girma cikin talauci kuma ta sami tallafin karatu don karatun doka a Jami'ar Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, amma daga nan ta dakatar da karatunta bayan shekaru biyu don mayar da hankali kan gwagwarmayar al'umma. Moyano ta auri Gustavo Pineki a 1980 kuma suna da 'ya'ya biyu.

 Yunkurin fafutuka 
alt=View of shacks in settlement with mountain behind|right|thumb|Villa El Salvador da aka zana a 1975
A Villa El Salvador, Moyano ta taimaka wajen kafa makarantun firamare, gidajen dafa abinci da kungiyoyi ga uwaye. A shekara ta 1983, Moyano ta shiga cikin kafa Federacion Popular de Mujeres de Villa El Salvador (FEPOMUVES, Ƙungiyar Mata ta Villa El Salvador). Kungiyar ta ba da horo ga mata, ta kafa ayyukan kuma ta wakilci bukatun su. An zabi Moyano a matsayin shugaban kasa sau biyu. Tarayyar ta shirya gidajen cin abinci na unguwa kuma ta gudanar da shirin Vaso de Leche, wanda ke da niyyar samun kowane yaro a cikin garin shanty ya sha gilashin madara kowace rana. Magajin garin Lima Alfonso Barrantes Lingán da United Left ne suka fara shirin, sannan FEPOMUVES ta karbe shi. : 44-46 A shekara ta 1991, Moyano ya kasance mataimakin magajin garin Villa El Salvador . A wannan shekarar, Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso) ta jefa bam a cibiyar rarraba FEPOMUVES wanda aka goyi bayan cafes 90.

Moyano ya soki Gwamnatin Peru karkashin jagorancin Alberto Fujimori da Shining Path . Ta yi tunanin cewa gwamnati ba ta da ƙarfi wajen sanya tsari kuma 'yan sanda suna da cin hanci da rashawa. Fujimori yana sanya matakai masu tsattsauran ra'ayi waɗanda ke haifar da raguwar hauhawar farashin kayayyaki. Ko da yake ta san cewa za a iya kashe ta, ta kuma tsaya a kan Shining Path, tana cewa ayyukansu ba su da juyin juya hali. The Shining Path ta amsa ta hanyar sukar ta a matsayin "mai gyarawa". : 27 Bayan Shining Path ta buga wata takarda da ke zargin ta wanda ya bayyana cewa ta yi aiki ga gwamnati kuma ta jefa bam a cibiyar rarrabawa, Moyano ta amsa ta karyata zarge-zargen. : 29 Juana López León, wani mai fafutukar Vaso de Leche, Shining Path ne ya kashe shi a ranar 31 ga watan Agustan 1991 kuma Moyano ya fara karbar barazanar mutuwa. : 29 Ta bar kasar na ɗan lokaci kuma lokacin da ta dawo an ba ta masu tsaron gida biyu. Lokacin da Shining Path ta yi kira ga yajin aiki da makamai kuma kowa ya zauna a gida a ranar 14 ga Fabrairu 1992, ta yi zanga-zanga ta hanyar jagorantar tafiya ta zaman lafiya. : 34 Moyano ya yi imani da rashin tashin hankali, yana magana don goyon bayan adalci na zamantakewa da gwamnati.   : 46 

 Mutuwa da gado 
A ranar 15 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1992, an kashe Moyano a gaban 'ya'yanta a wani taron jama'a a Villa El Salvador da mambobin Shining Path suka yi."Peru: Women's Human Rights. In memory of María Elena Moyano" (PDF). Amnesty International. Retrieved 5 March 2021. Masu kisan sun fara harbe ta sannan suka fashe jikinta da fashewa.

Kimanin mutane 300,000 ne suka halarci jana'izar María Elena Moyano. Tare da kama shugaban Sendero Luminoso, Abimael Guzmán, a watan Satumbar 1992, ana ganin fushi da kisan Moyano a matsayin babban mataki a cikin raguwa don tallafawa kungiyar. : 30  Shugaba Pedro Pablo Kuczynski bayan mutuwarsa ya ba da lambar yabo ta Peruvian Order of Merit for Distinguished Service ga Moyano. Mahaifiyarta ce ta karɓa a shekarar 2017.

 Manazarta 
Rukuni:Haihuwan 1958
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba