Judy Chalmers

Judy Chalmers (née Bellhouse; An haife ta a ranar 16 ga watan Nuwamba shekara ta 1932) 'yar Afirka ta Kudu 'yar siyasa ce kuma mai fafutuka mai ritaya wacce ta wakilci jam'iyyar ANC a Majalisar Dokoki ta ƙasa  daga shekarun 1994 zuwa 2009. A lokacin mulkin nuna wariyar launin fata, ta kasance shugabar Black Sash a Gabashin Cape.

 Rayuwar farko da gwagwarmaya 
An haifi Chalmers a ranar 16 ga watan Nuwamba shekara ta 1932 a Port Elizabeth a tsohuwar lardin Cape.  Mahaifinta shine Edgar Bellhouse, memba mai kafa kuma tsohon shugaban jam'iyyar masu sassaucin ra'ayi (farar fata) Progressive Party, kuma 'yar uwarta ta kasance sananniya mai fafutuka Molly Blackburn.   Ta yi karatu a Port Elizabeth kuma ta ɗan yi karatun koleji a Ingila. Yayin da mulkin nuna wariyar launin fata ya tsananta, Chalmers da Blackburn sun yi rashin jin daɗi da siyasar farar fata na gargajiya, musamman bayan da suka halarci jana'izar Robert Sobukwe a Graaff-Reinet a  shekara ta 1978.

A farkon shekarun 1980s, Chalmers ta shiga Black Sash; ta zama shugabar ta a Gabashin Cape. A cikin wannan lokaci, tare da Blackburn da sauransu, ta sake buɗe Ofishin Shawarwari na Black Sash ta Port Elizabeth, ta hanyar da ta gudanar da wayar da kan baƙi mazauna yankin tare da sanya ido kan cin zarafin ɗan adam daga gwamnatin nuna wariyar launin fata.   Ofishin ya kasance yana fuskantar ɓarna sau da yawa kuma a ƙarshe an kunna shi.

A ƙarshen watan Disamba shekara ta 1985, Chalmers da Blackburn sun kasance cikin hatsarin mota yayin da suke tuƙi zuwa Port Elizabeth daga Oudtshoorn tare da ɗan'uwan Black Sash Diana Bishop. Chalmers da Bishop sun ji rauni, amma Blackburn da mijin Bishop, Brian, sun mutu.

 Majalisa: 1994-2009 
A zaɓukan farko da aka yi a Afirka ta Kudu bayan mulkin nuna wariyar launin fata a shekarar 1994, an zaɓi Chalmers a matsayin wakiliyar jam'iyyar ANC a majalisar dokokin ƙasar.  Ta yi wa'adi uku, inda ta sake yin zaɓe a shekarun 1999 da 2004, kuma ta wakilci yankin Gabashin Cape.

 Rayuwa ta sirri 
Chalmers tana da aure kuma tana da 'ya'ya mata uku da jikoki da dama. Bayan barin majalisar, ta yi ritaya zuwa Summerstrand a Port Elizabeth.

 Manazarta 

 Hanyoyin haɗi na waje 

 Jawabin bikin zagayowar ranar haihuwar Nelson Mandela  (2008)
 Hira daga Diana Russell (1987)
Rukuni:Haifaffun 1932
Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane