Hukumar Kula da Ci Gaban Kasa da Kasa ta Amurka

An kirkiro hukumar raya kasashe ta Amurka ( USAID ) don ba da agajin kasashen waje, da agajin bala’o’i, da bunkasar tattalin arziki.  An kafa shi a cikin 1961 a lokacin yakin cacar baka ta Shugaba John F. Kennedy, USAID an tsara shi don yakar Tarayyar Soviet ta hanyar amfani da karfi mai laushi a fadin duniya. A cikin 1998, Majalisa ta sake tsara USAID a matsayin hukuma mai zaman kanta .  

Tare da matsakaita rarrabawar shekara-shekara na kusan dala biliyan 23 daga 2001 zuwa 2024, USAID tana da ayyuka a cikin ƙasashe sama da 100, a fannoni daban-daban kamar ilimi, kiwon lafiyar duniya, kare muhalli, da gudanar da mulkin demokraɗiyya. An kiyasta mutuwar mutane miliyan 91.8, ciki har da miliyan 30.4 a cikin yara 'yan kasa da shekaru biyar, ta hanyar tallafin USAID tsakanin 2001 da 2021. 

A farkon rabin shekarar 2025, gwamnatin Trump ta dakatar da kashi 83% na ayyukan USAID.   Kafin wannan, USAID ita ce babbar hukumar ba da agaji ta ketare a duniya. A cikin Yuli 2025, gwamnatin ta ba da sanarwar cewa an shigar da shirye-shiryen USAID a cikin Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje,  wanda yanzu ke ba da taimakon Amurka daga ketare,  tare da USAID yayin rufewa.   Duk da haka, buƙatun kasafin kuɗi,  Ofishin Sufeto Janar,  da ƙararrakin kotu  sun ci gaba da tabbatar da wanzuwar USAID fiye da wannan ranar. A matsayinta na hukuma mai zaman kanta ta gwamnatin Amurka, dokar Majalisa ce kawai za ta iya soke USAID,  duk da cewa ta lalace sosai. Rage kudaden USAID na iya haifar da mutuwar akalla mutane miliyan 14 nan da shekarar 2030, ciki har da yara miliyan 4.5 'yan kasa da shekaru biyar.  

 Halitta (1961) da sake tsarawa (1998) 
Majalisa ta zartar da Dokar Taimakon Kasashen Waje a ranar 4 ga Satumba, 1961, wadda ta sake tsara shirye-shiryen taimakon kasashen waje na Amurka tare da ba da umarnin kafa wata hukuma da za ta gudanar da taimakon tattalin arziki. Manufar wannan hukuma ita ce ta tinkarar tasirin Tarayyar Soviet a lokacin yakin cacar baka da kuma ciyar da Amurka gaba ta hanyar ci gaban tattalin arziki.   Daga baya aka kafa USAID bisa ga umarnin shugaban kasa John F. Kennedy, wanda ya nemi hada kan kungiyoyi da shirye-shirye da dama da ake da su a kasashen waje karkashin wata hukuma guda.  USAID ta doka an sanya shi ƙarƙashin "ikon kai tsaye da jagorar manufofin Sakataren Gwamnati ". 

A cikin 1998, Majalisa ta kafa USAID a matsayin hukumar gudanarwa mai cin gashin kanta tare da Dokar sake fasalin Harkokin Waje da Sake Tsarin Mulki, wanda ya ba shugaban kasa kwanaki 60 ya soke ko sake tsara USAID. Shugaba Bill Clinton ya zaɓi zaɓi na biyu kuma ya sake tsara hukumar ta USAID, wacce ta ci gaba da samun 'yancin kai daga Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka .   

 Tarihi (1961-2025) 
Lokacin da gwamnatin Amurka ta ƙirƙiri USAID a watan Nuwamba 1961, ta gina bisa ga gadon hukumomin taimakon raya ƙasa da jama'arsu, kasafin kuɗi, da hanyoyin gudanar da aiki. Hukumar USAID da ta gabace ta ta riga ta kasance mai mahimmanci, tare da ma'aikatan Amurka 6,400 a ayyukan fage masu tasowa a cikin 1961. Ban da lokacin yakin Vietnam na 1965-70, wannan ya fi ma'aikatan fage na Amurka fiye da yadda USAID za ta samu a nan gaba, kuma ya ninka adadin da USAID ke da shi a fagen fage a cikin  .

 Canje-canje a lokacin gwamnatin Trump ta biyu 

 Daskare na kwanaki 90 na farko 
A ranar 24 ga Janairu, 2025, Shugaba Donald Trump ya ba da umarnin dakatar da duk wani tallafin da ake ba wa kasashen waje.     A watan Fabrairu, gwamnati ta sanya mafi yawan ma'aikata hutun gudanarwa.  Rashin izini daga Majalisa ya kai karar gwamnatin Trump.   Har ila yau, a cikin Fabrairu, gwamnatin ta yi zargin kashe kudade da yawa da kuma zamba, zarge-zargen da aka ruwaito gabaɗaya karya ne.  

Kwanaki da dama bayan haka, sakataren harkokin wajen Amurka Marco Rubio ya ba da sanarwar janye tallafin jin kai.   Duk da haka, wani muhimmin batu ya taso kan ko haƙiƙanin taimako na ceton rai suna fassarawa zuwa agajin da ke gudana.   Duk da ƙetare, har yanzu akwai rudani game da abin da hukumomi ya kamata su yi.   Fiye da ma'aikata da 'yan kwangilar USAID 1,000 aka kori ko fusata sakamakon dakatar da tallafin da Amurka ta yi a duniya da gwamnatin Trump ta biyu ta aiwatar.    

 Shirin cin hancin da ya shafi kwangilar dala miliyan 550 
A watan Yunin 2025, wani tsohon jami'in hukumar ta USAID ya amsa laifin karbar cin hanci da rashawa domin yin magudin tsarin kwangila. Shugabannin uku na kamfanoni guda biyu, Apprio da Vistant, suma sun amsa laifinsu. An fara cin hancin ne a cikin 2013 kuma ya haɗa da abubuwa kamar tsabar kuɗi, kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka, tikitin ɗakin kwana na NBA, bikin auren kulob na ƙasa, biyan bashin jinginar gida, wayoyi, da ayyukan yi ga dangi. Wadannan ana zargin sun kai sama da dala miliyan daya. A musayar, jami'in na USAID ya yi amfani da matsayinsa wajen ba da shawarar Apprio da Vistant don ba da lambobin yabo mara gasa, fallasa mahimman bayanai, bayar da kimantawa masu kyau, da kuma amincewa da shawarwarin kwangila. Jimlar darajar waɗannan kwangilolin ta kai kusan dala miliyan 550.  

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba