Gidan Tarihi na Kasa na Minuteman Missile

Gidan Tarihi na Makami mai linzami na Minuteman wani wurin tarihi ne na ƙasar Amurka wanda aka kafa a cikin 1999 kusa da bangon bango, South Dakota, don kwatanta tarihi da mahimmancin Yaƙin Cacar, tseren makaman nukiliya, da ci gaban makami mai linzami na nahiyoyi (ICBM). Gidan yanar gizon yana adana tsarin Minuteman II ICBM na ƙarshe a cikin Amurka, a cikin kwancen makamai da matsayi na soja. Akwai tafiye-tafiyen jagora na Cibiyar Kula da Kaddamar da ƙasa, kuma ana iya ganin silo mai linzami daga sama.  Wasu 450 na sabbin makamai masu linzami na Minuteman III har yanzu suna kan aiki a Malmstrom AFB, Montana, Minot AFB, North Dakota, da FE Warren AFB, Wyoming.

 Kayayyakin aiki 
Wannan wurin tarihi na ƙasa ya ƙunshi wurare guda uku: cibiyar baƙo da mahimman wurare guda biyu na zamanin Yaƙin Yakin ; cibiyar kula da ƙaddamarwa; da kuma wurin harba makami mai linzami, wanda 66th Strategic Missile Squadron ke aiki da shi na 44th Strategic Missile Wing, hedkwata a Ellsworth Air Force Base a Box Elder, kusa da Rapid City . Wuraren suna wakiltar abubuwan da suka rage kawai na filin makami mai linzami na nukiliya wanda sau ɗaya ya ƙunshi makamai masu linzami 150 Minuteman II, cibiyoyin sarrafa harba 15, kuma sun rufe sama da    kudu maso yammacin Dakota. 

Silo, wanda aka fi sani da ƙaddamar da wurin Delta Nine (D-09) an gina shi a cikin 1963. Ya mamaye kadada 1.6 (6,000 m 2 ) kusan mil ɗaya (800m) kudu maso yamma na Interstate 90 a Fita 116 da  daga garin Wall, South Dakota, a gabashin Pennington County . Ya ƙunshi bututun harba ƙasa ("makami mai linzami")  a diamita da  mai zurfi, wanda aka yi da simintin da aka ƙarfafa tare da layin karfe-farantin karfe. An nuna makami mai linzami mara makami a ciki. An jujjuya murfin bututun harba tan 90 a wani bangare kuma an haɗa shi zuwa layin dogo da yake hawa. Sannan an rufe bututun ƙaddamarwa da shingen kallon gilashi. Ba wai kawai wannan yana ba baƙi damar ganin makami mai linzami ba, yana ba da damar tauraron dan adam na Rasha don tabbatar da cewa rukunin yanar gizon ba ya aiki, don haka ya bi yarjejeniyar rage yawan makamai . Domin hanya ɗaya tilo don isa ga ɓangaren ƙasa na rukunin yanar gizon ita ce ta wani tsani mai  tsawo, ba a gudanar da yawon shakatawa a karkashin kasa don dalilai na tsaro. Masu ziyara za su iya gudanar da rangadin kai tsaye na shafin a cikin rana ta hanyar kiran lamba ta wayar salula da zagayawa a shafin, suna sauraron bayanin wurare daban-daban ta wayar.

Wurin sarrafa ƙaddamarwa, wanda aka sani da Delta One (D-01), yana da nisan  nesa, zuwa gabas-kudu maso gabas a arewa maso yammacin gundumar Jackson . Ya mamaye kusan kadada shida (24,000 m 2 ) kimanin  arewa da I-90 a Exit 127. Ya ƙunshi wani gini na sama wanda ke ɗauke da kicin, wuraren kwana, ofisoshi da kayan tallafi na rayuwa. A ƙasan wannan ginin shine ainihin cibiyar sarrafa ƙaddamarwa, binne  mai zurfi, an haɗa shi da ginin ta hanyar lif. Ana gudanar da rangadin jagora a ƙarƙashin ƙasa anan, amma an iyakance shi ga mutane shida a lokaci ɗaya saboda ƙaramin ƙaramin cibiyar kula da harba ƙasa ("capsule") kuma tsawon rabin sa'a. Yawon shakatawa na jagorancin kai ba zai yiwu ba a nan; Ƙofar shingen da ke kusa da D-01 koyaushe yana kulle, kamar yadda ya kasance lokacin da yake wurin sarrafa ƙaddamar da aiki.

Rukunin, daya daga cikin shida da ke tsakiyar Amurka, an gina shi ne a matsayin wani mataki na dakile harin nukiliya na farko da Tarayyar Soviet ta yi. Ta hanyar sanya makamai masu linzami a karkashin kasa a wurare daban-daban, ana fatan cewa ko da kuwa girman harin makami mai linzami na Soviet, isassun makamai masu linzami na Amurka za su tsira don tabbatar da barna a kan al'ummar da ke cin zarafi. Mintunan da ke cikin wannan rukunin sun kasance a faɗake na kusan shekaru 30 har sai da reshe bai kunna ba bayan rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar rage makamai masu linzami (START) da Shugaba George Bush da shugaban Soviet Mikhail Gorbachev suka yi a 1991. A cikin yarjejeniyar, an cire makamai masu linzami da ke cikin wannan rukunin daga silonsu, kuma a cikin 14994 an kunna makami mai linzami na W4 . Dukkanin rukunin yanar gizon, ban da D-01 da D-09, an lalata su. 

D-01 da D-09 sun kasance 'yan takara don zama wurin tarihi na kasa saboda dukansu suna kusa da babbar hanya ( Interstate 90 ) da kuma wuraren shakatawa na yanzu (wato, Badlands National Park da Dutsen Rushmore ). Kamar yadda yake tare da duk rukunin yanar gizon a cikin 44th Strategic Missile Wing, dukansu sun ga iyakanceccen gyare-gyare tun lokacin da aka gina su a cikin 1960s.

The Minuteman makami mai linzami National Historic Site Canja wurin Dokar (S. 459; 113th Congress) ya kara game da  na ƙasar zuwa wurin shakatawa a cikin 2013, girmansa sau uku ya haɗa da wurin baƙo. Yawancinsa an canza shi daga yankin Buffalo Gap National Grassland . 

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