Inertia na sauyin yanayi

Inertia yanayi ko inertia sauyin yanayi lamari ne da tsarin yanayin duniya ke nuna juriya ko jinkirin kaucewa daga yanayin da aka bayar.  Yana iya biye da kwanciyar hankali da sauran tasirin amsawa a cikin hadaddun tsarin, kuma ya haɗa da inertia da aka nuna ta motsin jiki na kwayoyin halitta da musayar makamashi.  Kalmar kalmar magana ce da ake amfani da ita don haɗawa da sassauƙan siffanta saƙon hulɗar da ke tsawaita ma'auni a kusa da hankalin yanayi.  Inertia yana da alaƙa da direbobi na, da kuma martani ga, canjin yanayi

Karin fitar da carbon na burbushin halittu shine babban abin da ke haifar da canji ga yanayin duniya a cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, kuma ya tashi tare da haɗin gwiwar zamantakewar tattalin arziki na mazauna mutane biliyan 8. Yawancin abubuwan da ke cikin tsarin sun nuna martani ga wannan direba, wanda aka fi sani da tilasta. Yawan hauhawar zafin jiki na duniya (GST) musamman an yi tsayayya da shi ta hanyar 1) yanayin zafi na farfajiyar duniya, da farko teku,  da 2) halayyar inertiya a cikin ra'ayoyin sake zagayowar carbon. Sauran ra'ayoyin halittu daban-daban sun ba da gudummawa ga ƙarin juriya. Makamashi da aka adana a cikin teku biyo bayan martani na inertial ya fi ƙayyade canjin da ba za a iya juyawa ba wanda aka sani da sadaukar da yanayi.   

Amsawar duniya tana da mahimmanci saboda suna samar da bambancin ragewa na duniya da wayewar ɗan adam don daidaitawa da matakin da ya dace na canjin duniya. Koyaya, canjin da ba za a iya daidaitawa ba kamar wannan tare da wasu maki na tipping na iya zama kawai mai gujewa tare da fahimtar farko da rage haɗarin irin waɗannan sakamako masu haɗari. Wannan shi ne saboda inertiya kuma yana jinkirta yawan dumama sai dai har sai an dauki mataki don rage hayaki cikin sauri. Manufar ƙididdigar ƙididdiga, wanda aka taƙaita misali a matsayin Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP), shine bincika Hadarin tsarin duniya wanda ke tare da babban inertia da rashin tabbas a cikin yanayin direbobi na canji.

 Lokaci na Inertial 
+Lokaci na amsawa ga tilasta yanayi Tsarin DuniyaLokaci-lokaci (shekaru) Hanyar amsawaYanayiRuwan Ruwan Ruwa10−2-10EC, WCBinciken Gishiri10−1-108CCRuwa mai zurfiOcean MixedLayer10−1-10EC, WC,CCTekun Ruwa Mai zurfi10-103EC, CCLithosphereYankin ƙasa da ƙasa10−1-102EC, WC,CCRashin ƙasa104-109CCCryosphereGilashin kankara10−1-10EC, WCIce na Tekun10−1-10EC, WCGilashin kankara103-106EC, WCYanayin RayuwaBabban Ruwa10−1-102CCDuniya10−1-102Wuri, CCEC=Kayan kuzari WC=Kayan ruwa CC=Kayan carbon Tsarin Carbon
Rubuce-rubucen paleoclimate ya nuna cewa tsarin yanayi na Duniya ya samo asali ne tare da hanyoyi daban-daban kuma tare da lokuta da yawa. Jihohin da ke da kwanciyar hankali wanda zai iya ci gaba da dubban shekaru an katse shi ta hanyar gajeren lokaci zuwa dogon lokaci na rashin kwanciyar hankali. : 19-72 Nazarin yanayin yanayi da rashin ƙarfi suna damuwa da ƙididdigar hanyar da ta fi dacewa wanda rikici-rikicen tilas zai sa tsarin ya karkatar da shi a ciki ko da farko daga yanayin da ya dace na zamanin Holocene na yanzu.

"Matsayi na lokaci" ma'auni ne masu amfani don taƙaita tasirin tsari na farko (layi) na abubuwan da suka faru daban-daban a cikin tsarin mai sauƙi da rikitarwa. Suna ƙididdige lokacin da kashi 63% na cikakken amsawar fitarwa ke faruwa bayan canjin mataki na shigarwa. Ana lura da su daga bayanai ko kuma ana iya kimanta su daga ƙididdigar lambobi ko nazarin tsarin da aka ɗora. A cikin kimiyyar yanayi ana iya amfani da waɗannan hanyoyin ga sake zagayowar makamashi na Duniya, sake zagayowar ruwa, sake zagaye na carbon da sauran wurare. Misali, jigilar zafi da ajiya a cikin teku, cryosphere, ƙasa da yanayi abubuwa ne a cikin binciken zafi. : Lokaci na amsawa ga tilasta radiative ta hanyar yanayi yawanci yana ƙaruwa tare da zurfin ƙasa da farfajiya.

Inertial lokaci constants nuna wani tushe kudi ga tilasta canje-canje, amma dogon dabi'u ba su samar da tabbacin dogon lokaci tsarin juyin halitta tare da hanya mai santsi. An gano abubuwa masu yawa masu tasowa da ke da ƙofofi daban-daban da kuma lokutan sauyawa a cikin yanayin duniya na yanzu. Irin waɗannan abubuwan na iya haifar da sake tsarawa ba tare ba layi ba na kwararar makamashi na ciki tare da sauye-sauye masu sauri a cikin yanayi da / ko wasu tsarin a yanki zuwa duniya. : 10–15, 73–76 

 Lokacin amsawar yanayi 
Dangane da yanayin yanayin yanayin duniya (GST) zuwa mataki-kamar ninki biyu na maida hankali na yanayi na CO2, da sakamakonsa na tilastawa, an ayyana shi da Ma'aunin Ma'aunin Yanayi (ECS).  Amsar ECS ta wuce ga ɗan gajeren lokaci da dogon lokaci, duk da haka babban lokaci akai-akai da ke da alaƙa da ECS Jule Charney, James Hansen da sauransu sun gano su azaman ma'auni mai amfani don taimakawa jagorancin tsara manufofi. Masu bincike sun yi amfani da RCPs, SSPs, da sauran abubuwa makamantan haka don daidaita yawan canjin yanayi na tilastawa.  Ta hanyar ma'anar, ECS yana ɗauka cewa hayaƙin da ke gudana zai lalata teku da ƙasa mai nitsewar iskar carbon biyo bayan ɓarna a cikin yanayi na CO2. 

Lokacin amsawar ECS daidai yake da ECS kuma ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar inertiya na zafi na mafi girman cakuda da ƙananan ƙananan teku.Hansen, J.; Russell, G.; Lacis, A.; Fung, I.; Rind, D.; Stone, P. (1985). "Climate response times: Dependence on climate sensitivity and ocean mixing" (PDF). Science. 229 (4716): 857–850. Bibcode:1985Sci...229..857H. doi:10.1126/science.229.4716.857. PMID 17777925. S2CID 22938919. Babban lokaci mai mahimmanci da aka dace da sakamakon daga samfuran yanayi sun kasance daga 'yan shekarun da suka gabata lokacin da ECS ke ƙasa, har zuwa ƙarni lokacin da ECE ke da girma. Wani bangare na bambancin tsakanin kimantawa ya samo asali ne daga jiyya daban-daban na jigilar zafi zuwa cikin zurfin teku.Gregory, J.M. (1 July 2000). "Vertical heat transports in the ocean and their effect on time-dependent climate change". Climate Dynamics. 16 (7): 501–515. Bibcode:2000ClDy...16..501G. doi:10.1007/s003820000059. S2CID 54695479.Hansen, James E.; Sato, Makiko; Simons, Leon; Nazarenko, Larissa S.; Sangha, Isabelle; Karecha, Pushker; Zachos, James C.; von Schuckmann, Karina; Loeb, Norman G.; Osman, Matthew B.; et al. (2 November 2023). "Global Warming in the Pipeline". Oxford Open Climate Change. 3 (1): kgad008. doi:10.1093/oxfclm/kgad008.

 Abubuwan da aka haɗa 

 Rashin zafi 
thermal wani lokaci ne wanda ke nufin jinkirin da aka gani a cikin martanin zafin jiki yayin canja wurin zafi.  Jiki mai babban zafin jiki na iya adana makamashi mai yawa saboda ƙarfin zafinsa, kuma yana iya watsa makamashi yadda ya kamata bisa ga ƙimar canjin zafi.  Sakamakon rashin inertia na thermal ana bayyana ta ta hanyar ra'ayoyin sauyin yanayi da yawa saboda dogaron zafinsu;  ciki har da ta hanyar karfi stabilizing feedback na 

Tekun duniya shine mafi girman tafkin zafi na duniya wanda ke aiki don daidaita yanayi duniya; yana aiki a matsayin sink da kuma tushen makamashi.Michon Scott (2006-04-24). "Earth's Big Heat Bucket". NASA Earth Observatory. Rashin zafi na teku yana jinkirta wasu dumamar duniya na shekaru da yawa ko ƙarni. An lissafa shi a cikin Tsarin yanayi na duniya, kuma an tabbatar da shi ta hanyar ma'auni na yanayin zafi na teku.Hansen, James; Kharecha, Pushker; Sato, Makiko; Masson-Delmotte, Valerie; et al. (3 December 2013). "Assessing "Dangerous Climate Change": Required Reduction of Carbon Emissions to Protect Young People, Future Generations and Nature". PLOS ONE. 8 (12): e81648. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...881648H. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0081648. PMC 3849278. PMID 24312568. Halin da aka lura da shi na ɗan lokaci ya dace da sikelin lokacin zafi na teku mai zurfi.

 Inertiya na kankara 
Ko da bayan an rage hayakin CO2, narkewar kankara zai ci gaba kuma ya kara karuwar matakin teku na ƙarni. Saurin jigilar zafi a cikin zurfin teku, ƙasa mai zurfi, da kankara mai zurfi za su ci gaba har sai an kai ga sabon tsarin daidaitawar duniya.

Permafrost kuma yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo don amsawa ga duniyar dumama saboda inertiya na zafi, saboda kayan da ke da wadataccen kankara da kauri na permafrost.

 Inertia daga sake zagayowar carbon 
Ra'ayoyin sake zagayowar carbon na duniya sun haɗa da ra'ayoyi masu kyau (wanda aka gano a matsayin ra'ayoyin yanayi-carbon) wanda ke tsawaita dumama na ƙarni, da kuma ra'ayoyyar da ba ta dace ba (wanda aka bayyana a matsayin ra-ayoyin carbon) wanda ke iyakance amsawar dumama ga fitar da burbushin carbon. Sakamakon kusa da lokacin da ya biyo bayan hayaki ba daidai ba ne tare da tsarin ƙarshe ya kasance kusan sau huɗu ya fi girma, Gregory, J.M.; Jones, C.D.; Cadule, P.; Friedlingstein, P. (2009). "Quantifying Carbon Cycle Feedbacks" (PDF). Journal of Climate. 22 (19): 5232–5250. Bibcode:2009JCli...22.5232G. doi:10.1175/2009JCLI2949.1.  kuma yana haifar da gudummawar raguwar saurin saurin tsarin yanayi a cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata bayan hayaki. Mathews, H. Damon; Solomon, Susan (26 April 2013). "Irreversible Does Not Mean Unavoidable" (PDF). Science. 340 (6131). American Association for the Advancement of Science: 438–439. Bibcode:2013Sci...340..438M. doi:10.1126/science.1236372. PMID 23539182. S2CID 44352274.

 Rashin daidaituwa na muhalli 
Dangane da yanayin halittu, tasirin canjin yanayi na iya nunawa da sauri, yayin da wasu ke ɗaukar ƙarin lokaci don amsawa. Misali, murfin murjani na iya faruwa a cikin lokacin zafi guda ɗaya, yayin da bishiyoyi na iya ci gaba da shekaru da yawa a ƙarƙashin sauyin yanayi, amma ba za su iya sake farfadowa ba. Canje-canje a cikin mitar abubuwan da suka faru na matsanancin yanayi na iya rushe yanayin halittu a sakamakon haka, dangane da lokutan amsawa na jinsuna."Climate Change 2001: Synthesis Report". IPCC. 2001. Retrieved 11 May 2015.

 Tasirin manufofi na inertia 
IPCC ta kammala da cewa rashin sanin yakamata da rashin tabbas na tsarin yanayi, muhallin halittu, da tsarin zamantakewar al'umma yana nuna cewa ya kamata a yi la'akari da ragi don aminci.  Don haka, saita dabaru, manufa, da jadawalin lokaci don guje wa tsangwama mai haɗari ta hanyar canjin yanayi.  Bugu da ari IPCC ta kammala a cikin rahoton su na 2001 cewa daidaitawar yanayi na CO2 maida hankali, zazzabi, ko matakin teku yana shafar"Climate Change 2001: Synthesis Report". IPCC. 2001. Retrieved 11 May 2015.

 Inertiya na tsarin yanayi, wanda zai haifar da canjin yanayi ya ci gaba na wani lokaci bayan an aiwatar da ayyukan ragewa.Tebaldi, Claudia; Friedlingstein, Pierre (13 October 2017). "Delayed detection of climate mitigation benefits due to climate inertia and variability". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 110 (43): 17229–17234. doi:10.1073/pnas.1300005110. PMC 3808634. PMID 24101485.
 Rashin tabbas game da wurin da yiwuwar ƙofofin canji ba za a iya juyawa ba da kuma halin tsarin da ke kusa da su.
 Lokaci ya kasance tsakanin karɓar burin ragewa da nasarorin da suka samu.
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba