Shekarar barin makaranta

Shekarar barin makaranta ita ce mafi ƙarancin shekarun da aka ba mutum izinin dakatar da halarta a makarantar sakandare ta tilas. Yawancin ƙasashe suna da shekarun barin makaranta daidai da mafi ƙarancin shekarun aiki na cikakken lokaci, don haka suna ba da damar sauyawa mai sauƙi daga ilimi zuwa aiki, yayin da wasu suka saita ƙasa da shekarun da aka ba da izinin aiki ga mutum.

Sabanin haka, akwai kasashe da yawa waɗanda ke da shekaru da yawa tsakanin shekarun barin makaranta da mafi ƙarancin shekarun aikinsu na doka, don haka a wasu lokuta suna hana irin wannan canji na shekaru da yawa. Kasashen da aka sanya shekarun aikinsu a ƙasa da shekarun barin makaranta (yawanci kasashe masu tasowa) suna iya ba yara damar barin karatunsu da wuri don samun kuɗi ga kansu ko iyalansu.

 Barin shekaru ta ƙasa 
Wasu ƙasashe suna da shekaru daban-daban na barin ko aiki, amma a wasu ƙasashe kamar China da Japan, matsakaicin shekarun da mutane ke kammala karatu shine 15, dangane da ilmantarwa ko cikakken lokaci ko aiki. Teburin da ke ƙasa ya bayyana shekarun barin makaranta a ƙasashe a duk faɗin duniya da mafi ƙarancin shekarun aikinsu, yana nuna kwatankwacin ƙasashe da yawa da suka daidaita waɗannan shekarun. Dukkanin bayanai an ɗauke su ne daga teburin Shirin Hakkin Ilimi sai dai idan an nuna in ba haka ba.
Labarin launiLabarin Shekaru  (13) yana nuna aikin ɗan lokaci daga 13 ? yana nuna shekarun da aka saita ba a sani ba   

 Afirka 
Bambancin shekaruKasarDe jureShekaraBayaniShekarar barin makarantaShekarar aiki0Aljeriya20112Angola2010Benin2005Botswana2004 -1Burkina Faso2009.4Burundi20100Kamaru2001 -2Cape Verde2001Chadi2007Comoros19980Kongo20060Misira20101Eritrea2007Habasha20050Gabon2001Gambiya2000 -3Ghana20050Guinea2012Kenya20060Libya20024Madagascar2010Malawi2008Mozambique2009Maroko2003 -2Namibia2011 -2Nijar2008 -3Najeriya20200Rwanda2012 -1Senegal20060Seychelles2011Saliyo2006 -2Somaliya20180Afirka ta Kudu2011Yaro tsakanin shekaru 15 zuwa 18 na iya aiki ne kawai idan sun kammala aji na 9.Sudan2010Ya haɗa da Sudan ta KuduTanzania2005 -1Togo20100Tunisiya2008Uganda2004Zambia2002Zimbabwe1995

 Amurka 
Bambancin shekaruKasarDe jureShekaraBayaniShekarar barin makarantaShekarar aikiArgentina2008Barbados19970Belize2004 -2Bolivia2009 -3Brazil2006Makaranta wajibi ne ga yara 6-18 (shekaru 1-12 a cikin sabon tsarin makarantar Brazil). Bayan haka, babu wani wajibi na doka don zama a makaranta. Daliban da ke son cancanta don shiga jami'a dole ne duk da haka su kammala ƙarin shekaru uku (shekaru 10-12) na makarantar sakandare (ensino médio), don haka yawanci suna barin makaranta a shekara 18. Mafi ƙarancin shekaru don aikin lauya shine 18. Idan ranar haihuwar dalibi ta kasance tsakanin 1 ga Janairu da 31 ga Maris, shekaru 17, yayin da idan ranar haihuwar ɗalibin ta kasance tsakanin 3 ga Afrilu da 31 ga Disamba, to shekaru 18, kuma yana faruwa a ranar ƙarshe ta aji na 12 (farkon-tsakiyar Disamba).Kanada12-18, ya bambanta da iko da masana'antu Shekarar barin makaranta ita ce 16 a duk larduna da yankuna na Kanada ban da lardunan Manitoba, New Brunswick, da Ontario, inda shekarun barin makaranta shine 18  A Ontario, idan ranar haihuwar dalibi mai shekaru 17 ta fadi tsakanin ƙarshen shekara ta makaranta zuwa 31 ga Disamba, za su iya janyewa daga makaranta a ƙarshen wannan shekarar makaranta ta yanzu. -3Chile2005Dalibai sun gama karatun sakandare (Educación Media a cikin Mutanen Espanya) suna da shekaru 18, kuma aiki doka ce kawai idan ma'aikacin da bai kai shekara 17 ba (shekaru 17 ko ƙarami) ya sami izini daga mai kula da doka ko iyaye. -1Colombia2005 -1Costa Rica20100Cuba2010 -4Dominica2004?0Jamhuriyar Dominica2007?0Grenada20090Guyana2003Haiti2002 -2Jamaica20030Mexico20140Paraguay2009Tun lokacin da aka fara gyaran Ilimi a 1993, ilimin asali na tsawon shekaru tara ne zuwa shekaru 15. Dangane da Kundin Tsarin Mulki, ilimin tilas ya ƙare a 12.2Peru2009Ma'aikata suna da alhakin bayar da rahoto a kai a kai game da aikin da halartar ɗaliban da suke amfani da su don taimakawa wajen tabbatar da iliminsu ya sha wahala saboda aikinsu.0Saint Kitts da Nevis1997Saint Vincent da Grenadines2001Suriname20050Trinidad da Tobago20040Amurka2010Shekarar barin makaranta ta bambanta daga jiha zuwa jiha tare da mafi yawan suna da shekaru 18 masu barin, amma kaɗan suna da shekarun barin sama da wannan adadin. Daliban da suka kammala wani matakin ilimin sakandare ("makarantar sakandare") na iya yin gwajin da aka daidaita kuma su kammala karatu daga ilimin tilas, Janar Equivalency Degree. Har ila yau, jihohi da yawa suna ba da izini ga ɗalibai masu baiwa da basira don hanzarta iliminsu don samun difloma kafin su kai shekarun barin. Matasa na iya neman aiki a shekaru 14 a jihohi da yawa. *Bambance-bambance ta Jiha ko Yankin1Uruguay20060Venezuela2007

 Asiya 
Bambancin shekaruKasarDe jureShekaraBayaniShekarar barin makarantaShekarar aiki2Afghanistan2010Armenia2011Azerbaijan2005 -1Bahrain20104Bangladesh2008 -3Brunei2003Ilimi na tilas a Brunei daga ilimin firamare zuwa ilimin sakandare. Ana ƙarfafa ilimin sakandare.Myanmar2011Babu wani a zahiriKambodiya20101Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin2012Ilimi na tilas yana ɗaukar shekaru 9. Ana lissafin shekarun barin makaranta a ƙarƙashin zaton cewa ɗalibai za su shiga makaranta a shekara 6 kuma su kammala karatun sakandare a shekara 18.2Georgia20070Indiya2003Gwamnati tana yin doka ta tilastawa ilimi har zuwa shekaru 14. Duk wanda yake so ya ci gaba da karatunsa na iya ci gaba da aiki.0Hong Kong, kasar Sin2019An haramta yara 'yan kasa da shekaru 15 daga aiki a duk ayyukan masana'antu. 
Yara masu shekaru 13 da 14 na iya aiki a cibiyoyin da ba na masana'antu ba, dangane da yanayin cewa suna halartar makarantar cikakken lokaci idan ba su kammala Form III na ilimin sakandare ba da kuma wasu yanayi waɗanda ke da niyyar kare lafiyarsu, lafiya da jin dadin su. -2Indonesia2018Shekarar barin makaranta ta bambanta tsakanin larduna tare da mafi yawan suna da shekaru 15 na barin, amma kaɗan suna da shekaru 18 na barin. An haramta yara 'yan kasa da shekaru 15 daga aiki a duk ayyukan masana'antu.0Iran2015Ilimi na tilas yana ɗaukar shekaru 9, gami da ilimin firamare da ƙananan sakandare. Ana lissafin shekarun barin makaranta a ƙarƙashin zaton cewa ɗalibai za su shiga makarantar firamare a shekara 6 kuma su kammala karatun sakandare a shekara 15.Iraki1996 -4Isra'ila2011?An rage shekarun aiki, shekarun barin makaranta sun tashi.0Japan2009Mafi yawan (> 90%) na ɗaliban Jafananci sun kammala karatun sakandare saboda matsin lamba, duk da shekarun barin.0Jordan20061Lebanon2005 -3Mongolia2009Nepal20040Koriya ta Arewa20080Koriya ta Kudu2011Yawancin ɗaliban Koriya sun kammala karatun sakandare saboda matsin lamba da kuma gamsuwar kai, duk da shekarun barin. Ana samun taimakon gwamnati ga iyalai. -1Kuwait2012 -3Malaysia2006?Makarantar firamare tilas ce, sannan makarantar sakandare ta biyo baya. 17 shine shekarun barin makaranta; mutum na iya barin ne kawai bayan da aka saki sakamakon Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia don shiga makarantar sakandare. 14 shine mafi ƙarancin shekarun aiki. Ba a yarda da mutanen da ba su kai shekaru ba su yi aiki ko kuma Ma'aikatar Harkokin Dan Adam ta yi musu hadari.Maldives20064Pakistan2009?Kodayake mafi ƙarancin shekaru don barin makaranta shine shekaru 10 ko firamare, wanda ke nufin ilimi na shekaru 7, mafi ƙaranci shekarun aiki ana ɗaukarsa 14. Mutanen da ke da shekaru 14 na iya yin aiki mai sauƙi kawai kuma ba aiki mai haɗari ba. -3Philippines2015Aiwatar da shirin K-12 (duba Ilimi a cikin Philippines) ya kuma nuna hauhawar barin makaranta zuwa 18.0Saudi Arabia2010?Ɗalibi na iya barin makaranta bayan ya kai shekara 15 idan aka ba da izinin mahaifinsa. In ba haka ba, ɗalibin dole ne ya kammala makaranta har zuwa shekara 18. Shekarar aiki a cikin aikin ɗan lokaci ko a lokacin hutun makaranta shine 15. -1Singapore2010?Makarantar firamare tilas ce, sannan makarantar sakandare ta biyo baya. 16 shine shekarun barin makaranta; mutum na iya barin ne kawai bayan da aka saki sakamakon GCE 'O' na Singapore don shiga polytechnics, ƙananan kwalejoji, Cibiyar Ilimi ta Fasaha, ko aiki. 15 shine mafi ƙarancin shekarun aiki. Ba a yarda da mutanen da ba su kai shekaru ba su yi aiki ko kuma Ma'aikatar Ma'aikata ta yi musu hadari.0Sri Lanka2014Don ƙarin bayani http://www.moe.gov.lk/sinhala/images/publications/Education_First_SL/Education=First_SR.pdfhttp://www.moe.gov.lk/sinhala/hotuna/bugawa/Ilimi_First_SL/Ilimi _First_SR.pdf 0Siriya20100Taiwan2010Ilimi na tilas ya kai Grade 9. Grades 10-12 (babban matsayi) ana ɗaukarsa nau'in ilimi na asali, amma ba tilas ba ne. -2Tajikistan20090Thailand2011Dalibai dole ne su kammala karatun sakandare har zuwa Matthayom 3 sannan su sami zaɓi na ci gaba zuwa sakandare, makarantun sana'a ko barin, duk da haka, saboda matsin lamba yawancin ɗalibai sun gama karatun sakandare kuma su ci gaba zuwa Matthyom 6, matriculation ko wasu nau'ikan ilimin kafin jami'a.Turkiyya????3Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa2001 -2Uzbekistan2012 -3Vietnam2011?Makarantun sakandare na ƙarami yanzu tilas ne, amma a wasu yankuna masu tsaunuka, yara da yawa suna barin makarantu a baya don taimakawa iyayensu. Gwamnati na kokarin rage wannan abin da ke faruwa. Yara dole ne su kasance aƙalla 15 don yin aiki bisa doka. -1Yemen2004Ilimi na asali yana ɗaukar shekaru 9 kuma wajibi ne ga masu shekaru 6-15. Ana lissafin shekarun barin makaranta a ƙarƙashin zaton cewa ɗalibai za su shiga ilimi na asali a shekara 6 kuma su kammala karatu a shekara 15.

 Turai 
Bambancin shekaruKasarDe jureShekaraBayaniShekarar barin makarantaShekarar aiki0Andorra20010Ostiraliya2011 -2Belarus2010 -2Belgium2021Ilimi na cikakken lokaci ya zama tilas daga shekaru 5 har zuwa shekaru 16. Bayan shekaru 16 dalibai na iya bin ilimi na ɗan lokaci ko cikakken lokaci. A wannan shekarun ɗalibai na iya fara aiki a lokacin hutun su, tare da takamaiman dokokin aiki a wurin. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa Belgium tana da tsarin makaranta daban-daban guda uku daya ga Al'ummar Flemish, daya ga al-Al'ummar Jamus kuma daya ga al"Al'ummar Faransa.Bosnia da Herzegovina20110Bulgaria20070Croatia20030Cyprus2011 -1Jamhuriyar Czech2012 -3Denmark20100Estonia2002 -1Finland2010Dole ne 'yan ƙasa su kammala makarantar sakandare. Shekarar kammala shi ya bambanta dangane da shekarun fara makaranta (yawanci 7) da shekarun da aka riƙe a baya. Yawancin sun kammala karatu daga makarantar sakandare suna da shekaru 16. Daliban da ba su gama makarantar sakandare ba tun suna da shekaru 17 (wanda ba shi da yawa) na iya barin makaranta. Ilimi na sakandare (na uku) na son rai ne.0Faransa2010Mafi ƙarancin shekarun barin makaranta shine 16. Akwai, duk da haka, wasu takamaiman lokuta inda matasa zasu iya shiga aiki kafin su kai shekara 16, kamar aiki a kamfanin iyaye, aiki na lokaci-lokaci, ko matasa da suka bar makaranta da wuri suna fara koyo a shekara ta 15, don ambaci kaɗan. -3Jamus2003A Jamus, shekarun da dalibai suka gama makaranta ya dogara da irin makarantar da suke halarta. Tare da shekarun barin makaranta da aka saita a 16 a mafi yawan makarantu, bar Gymnasium inda dalibai suka kammala karatu a maimakon haka a shekara 18. 
Dokar tarayya Jugendarbeitsschutzgesetz (Dokar Kare Aiki ta Matasa) ta tsara mafi ƙarancin shekarun aiki, wanda aka saita a 15.0Girka20110Hungary2019Ɗalibi mai shekaru 15 na iya aiki a lokacin hutun makaranta, tare da izinin iyaye. Tsakanin 16 da 18 ƙarami na iya aiki a lokacin shekara ta makaranta, amma kawai tare da izinin iyaye. Yara ba za su iya aiki fiye da awanni 40 a mako ba, kuma za su iya yin aiki ne kawai tsakanin karfe 6 na safe da karfe 10 na yamma, ba tare da sauye-sauyen dare ba.0Iceland2010 -2Ireland2000Mafi ƙarancin shekaru na doka shine 16, ban da waɗanda suka kammala ƙasa da shekaru uku na ilimin sakandare, waɗanda suke da shekaru 18.    Mafi ƙarancin shekarun aiki sune: 14 a lokacin hutun makaranta; 15 a lokacin wa'adi; 16 don aiki har zuwa awanni 40 a kowane mako da awanni 8 a kowace rana; 18 don aiki ba tare da ƙuntatawa na shekaru ba.   Dole ne a yi rajistar ma'aikata a ƙasa da shekara 18.  Ministan Kasuwanci, Yawon Bude Ido da Ayyuka na iya ƙayyade 'yanci; an yi wannan ga dangi na kusa. -2-0Italiya2010Ilimi na cikakken lokaci ya zama tilas daga shekaru 6 zuwa 16. Daga ranar 16 zuwa ranar haihuwar mutum, za su iya zaɓar ci gaba da makaranta na cikakken lokaci ko fara koyo yayin da suke zuwa makaranta aƙalla mako guda a wata.0Latvia20050Liechtenstein20050Lithuania20110Luxembourg1997 -3Jamhuriyar Makidoniya2009?Ilimi na sakandare na tilas ya fara ne a shekara ta 2008 (Gazette na hukuma na Jamhuriyar Makidoniya No. 49 daga 18 ga Afrilu 2007).0Malta2012Kodayake ilimin tilas ya ƙare a 16, yawan yara suna ƙaruwa don ci gaba da karatunsu yayin da suke yin aiki na ɗan lokaci. -1Moldova20080Monaco20120Montenegro2010 -5Netherlands2014A cikin Netherlands, halartar makaranta wajibi ne ga duk yara masu shekaru 5 zuwa 16. 
Matasa masu shekaru daga 16 zuwa 18 dole ne su sami ƙwarewar asali kafin su bar makaranta. -3Netherlands Antilles2010? -1Norway2009 -3-1Poland2002Bayan kammala karatu daga makarantar firamare ta shekaru 8 (yawanci yana da shekaru 14 ko 15) mutum na iya barin makaranta amma ana buƙatar doka ta ci gaba da ilimi har zuwa shekaru 18. Koyaya, ana iya gamsar da wannan buƙata ta hanyar horar da sana'a, ba tare da halartar makaranta ba. Ana iya yin wannan a matsayin wani ɓangare na aiki, don haka a zahiri mutumin ya bar makaranta kuma ya yi aiki na cikakken lokaci. -2Portugal2009 -1Romania20250Rasha20040San Marino20031Serbia2007 -2Slovakia2006?Daga 14 zuwa 17, ayyukan ɗan lokaci ne kawai aka ba da izini. Dalibi na iya barin makaranta bayan shekaru 10 na halartar makaranta (yawanci shekaru 16) ko kuma lokacin da shekara ta farko ta makaranta bayan ranar haihuwarsa ta 16 ta gama (duk abin da ya zo da farko). Yawancin ɗalibai suna ci gaba har zuwa jarrabawar maturita a shekarar da ta gabata ta makarantar sakandare (ɗalibi yawanci 19 ne a wannan lokacin).0Slovenia20120Spain19970Sweden20040Switzerland2001 -1Ukraine2010 -1Ingila2015Cikakken shekarun aiki na shari'a a Ingila ya dace da ƙarshen ilimi na yau da kullun, wanda ya zama tilas daga farkon Satumba bayan yaro ya cika 5, zuwa Jumma'a ta ƙarshe ta Yuni a cikin Shekara 11 (lokacin da mutum yana da shekaru 15-16). 
Aikin cikakken lokaci ba bisa ka'ida ba ne kafin wannan batu, kodayake ana iya yin aiki na ɗan lokaci daga 14 kuma a wasu lokuta, misali isar da jaridu, a 13. Dokar Ilimi da Kwarewa ta 2008 (wanda aka fara aiwatarwa a Ingila a cikin 2013) tana kula da shekarun barin makaranta a Ingila a 16, amma tana buƙatar cewa mutane sama da shekarun barin makarantar (waɗanda ke tsakanin shekaru 16-18) ko dai suna aiki na cikakken lokaci ko kuma sun shiga makarantar sakandare (tare da zaɓuɓɓukan ilimi mafi girma a buɗe ga waɗanda ke da shekaru 16 da sama ciki har da kwalejojin ilimi ko siffofi na shida, jami'o'i daga shekaru 17). 

Wannan tanadin (kamar yadda aka tsara) ya shafi Ingila kawai kuma babu wata doka da ake buƙata don mutum ya yi aiki ko ya kasance yana cikin makarantar ilimi, sama da shekaru 16, a kowane ɗayan Burtaniya. -1Arewacin Ireland2014 -3Scotland2013Ilimi na tilas yawanci ya ƙare bayan shekaru 16 wanda yawanci bayan shekara ta huɗu, kodayake wannan yana cikin rabin Shekara ta biyar ga wasu. Koyaya, ɗalibai da yawa suna ci gaba zuwa shekara ta biyar da / ko ta shida, inda ake samun cancanta don shiga jami'a. Ƙuntatawa ta shafi lokutan aiki na waɗanda ke da shekaru 13 zuwa 16 (watau matsakaicin sa'o'i, izinin aiki, nau'in aiki) don tabbatar da cewa aikin ya dace da bukatun ilimi na cikakken lokaci. -2Wales2013Aikin cikakken lokaci yana farawa da 16.
Bambancin shekaruKasarDe jureShekaraBayaniShekarar barin makarantaShekarar aikiOstiraliya2011Mafi ƙarancin shekaru daga 2009 zai zama kamar haka: Yankin Arewa - 15; ACT - 15; Kudancin Australia - 17; Queensland - 17; Dalibai dole ne su kasance a makaranta har sai sun cika shekaru 16 ko kammala Shekara 10, duk abin da ya zo da farko. Daga can dole ne su kasance "koyon ko samun" wanda ke nufin dole ne a yi amfani da su aƙalla awanni 25 a mako, ko kuma su kasance a cikin cikakken lokaci ko kuma su zama a cikin haɗuwa da aikin ɗan lokaci da ilimi na ɗan lokaci wanda ya ƙara zuwa aƙalla sa'o'i 25 a mako har sai sun cika 17 ko kammala Shekara 12 ko daidai, wanda ya zo da farko. Victoria - 17; Yammacin Australia - 15; NSW - 17 (idan ba sa so su yi HSC suna buƙatar yin aiki aƙalla awanni 25 a kowane mako ko a TAFE suna karatu har sai sun cika shekara 17); Tasmania - 17.Fiji19964Tsibirin Marshall2005Jihohin Tarayyar Micronesia19960New Zealand2010Wadanda akalla 15 na iya barin makaranta tare da izini daga Ma'aikatar Ilimi.Papua New Guinea2003Palau2000Tsibirin Solomon2002

 Ci gaba da makaranta ta ƙasa 
Kasar2009OECD 1986Michael Hill %-shekaru shigar da lokaci-lokaci (shekaru 15-19) %-shekaru shigar da lokaci-lokaci (shekaru 17) Ƙananan leavingagereOstiraliya785015Ostiraliya84N⁄AN⁄ABelgium918616Brazil70N⁄AN⁄AKanada807915/16Jamhuriyar Czech93N⁄AN⁄ADenmark897516/17Estonia89N⁄AN⁄AFinland909117Faransa908016Jamus9310016Girka885514.5Hungary93N⁄AN⁄AIceland884115Ireland83N⁄AN⁄AIsra'ila69N⁄AN⁄AItaliya844614Japan9115Luxembourg95N⁄AN⁄AMexico61N⁄AN⁄ANetherlands908716New Zealand735415Norway817616Matsakaicin OECD84N⁄AN⁄APoland94N⁄AN⁄APortugal85N⁄AN⁄ASlovakia91N⁄AN⁄ASlovenia94N⁄AN⁄ASpain805314Sweden888616Switzerland858315/16Turkiyya56N⁄AN⁄AƘasar Ingila784916Amurka858917

 Dubi kuma 

 Ilimi na tilas
 Lissafin Ilimi
 Shekarar aiki ta doka
 Girman shekarun barin makaranta

 Bayani 

 Haɗin waje 

 Hakkin Ilimi