Rashin sharar gida na rediyo

Daga 1946 zuwa 1993, kasashe goma sha uku sun yi amfani da zubar da teku ko zubar da ruwa a matsayin hanyar zubar da sharar nukiliya / radiyo tare da kimanin tan 200,000 wanda ya samo asali daga kiwon lafiya, bincike da masana'antar nukiliya. 

Abubuwan sharar sun haɗa da ruwa da abubuwa masu ƙarfi da ke cikin kwantena daban-daban, da kuma tasoshin reactor, tare da kuma ba tare da amfani ko lalacewar man fetur na nukiliya ba. Tun daga shekara ta 1993, yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa ta haramta zubar da teku.  (Taron London (1972), Taron Basel, MARPOL 73/78). An yi watsi da ƙananan sharar gida (LLW) har zuwa yanzu dangane da zubar da teku kamar yadda aka haramta sharar gida sosai.

Kashe ƙasa ta teku (ko zubar da ƙasa a ƙarƙashin teku) - hanyar da ta fi dacewa ta isar da sharar gida zuwa ƙarƙashin teku da kuma ajiye shi cikin ƙarƙashin teku - Ƙasar Ingila da Sweden sun yi nazari, amma ba a taɓa aiwatar da shi ba.


 Tarihi 
Bayanai sun fito ne daga IAEA-TECDOC-1105,  shafuka 3-4.

 1946 Aikin zubar da kaya na farko a Arewa maso gabashin Tekun Pacific (kimanin kilomita 80 daga bakin tekun California)  
 1957 Taron Kungiyar Ba da Shawara ta IAEA na farko kan Kashe Rediyo a cikin Tekun
 1958 Taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na farko kan Dokar Tekun (UNCLOS I) 
 1964 A ranar 21 ga Afrilu, tauraron dan adam ya kasa ɗaukar janareta na radiothermal SNAP-9A. 17,000 Ci (630 TBq) man fetur na ƙarfe na plutonium ya ƙone.
 1972 Amincewa da Yarjejeniyar kan Rigakafin Ruwa ta Ruwa ta hanyar Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter (London Convention 1972) 
 1975 Yarjejeniyar London ta 1972 ta fara aiki (Hakkatar da zubar da sharar gida mai ƙarfi).
 1978 A ranar 24 ga watan Janairu wani tauraron dan adam mai suna Kosmos 954 ya gaza. An yi amfani da shi ta hanyar mai sauyawar sodium-potassium mai sauyawa wanda ke motsawa ta hanyar nukiliya wanda ke dauke da kusan kilo 50 (110 lb) na uranium-235.
 1983 Dakatar da zubar da sharar gida
 1988 Binciken Tasirin Rashin Ruwa mai zurfi na Rashin Rashin Rediyo a kan Rayayyun Rediyo. IAEA Fasaha Rahotanni Series No. 288
 1990 Kimanin Hadarin Radiation a Low Dose. IAEA-TECDOC-557
 1993 Rasha ta ba da rahoton zubar da babban sharar nukiliya ciki har da man fetur da tsohuwar USSR ta yi amfani da shi.
 1994 (Fabrairu 20) Cikakken haramtacciyar zubar da kaya a teku ya fara aiki

 1946–1993 
Bayanai sun fito ne daga IAEA-TECDOC-1105. Takaitaccen shafi na 27-120:

Ayyukan zubar da kaya sun yi ƙoƙari su sami wuraren zubar da abubuwa masu kyau bisa zurfi, kwanciyar hankali da raƙuman ruwa, da kuma magance, ƙarfafawa da ƙunshe da sharar. Koyaya, wasu zubar da su kawai sun haɗa da narkar da sharar gida tare da ruwa, ko kuma sun yi amfani da kwantena waɗanda suka fashe a zurfi. Ko da kwantena da suka tsira daga matsin na iya lalacewa a jiki a tsawon lokaci.
Kasashen da ke da hannu - waɗanda aka jera a cikin tsari na jimlar gudummawar da aka auna a TBq (TBq=1012 Beckerel) - sune Tarayyar Soviet, Ingila, Switzerland, Amurka, Belgium, Faransa, Netherlands, Japan, Sweden, Rasha, New Zealand, Jamus, Italiya da Koriya ta Kudu. Tare, sun zubar da jimlar 85,100 TBq (85.1x1015 Bq) na sharar gida a sama da wuraren teku 100, kamar yadda aka auna a farkon rediyo a lokacin zubar.  

 Sakamakon gwajin makaman nukiliya na duniya - 2,566,087x1015 Bq. 
 1986 Cikakken Bala'in Chernobyl - 12,060x1015 Bq. 
 2011 Fukushima Daiichi bala'in nukiliya, an kiyasta jimlar 340x1015 zuwa 780x1015 Bq, tare da 80% fadowa cikin Tekun Pacific.
 Fukushima Daiichi tashar nukiliya ruwan sanyaya da aka zubar (ya ɓace) zuwa teku - TEPCO ta kiyasta 4.7x1015 Bq, Hukumar Tsaro ta Nukiliya ta Japan ta kiyasta 15 Tq,  Kwamitin Tsaro na Nukiliya na Faransa ya kiyasta 27x1015 R.   
 Potassium 40 na halitta a duk tekuna - 14,000,000x1015 Bq. 
 Ɗaya daga cikin akwati (net 400 kg) na vitrified high-level radioactive sharar yana da matsakaicin radiyo na 4x1015 Bq (Max 45x1015 bq).   

+Rashin zubar da sharar gida na teku 1946-1993Kasarzubar da shi (unit TBq=1012 Bq)  Lokacinyawan shafuka, girma, da dai sauransu.*ArcticAtlanticPacificJimillar38,369087439,2431959–1992Yankunan Arctic 20, 222,000 m3 da reactor w ko w / o man fetur da aka yi amfani da shi; Tekun Pacific (musamman teku na Japan) Yankunan 12, 145,000 m3  035,088035,0881948–82Shafukan NE Atlantic 15, adadin kwantena da ba a sani ba, tan 74,052 da shafuka 18 a bakin tekun tsibirin Burtaniya fiye da 9.4 TBq  04,41904,4191969–1982NE Atlantic 3 shafuka, 7,420 kwantena, 5,321 ton 02,9425543,4961946–70Tsakiyar / NW Atlantic (9), Tekun Mexico (2) jimlar shafuka 11, kwantena 34,282, adadin da ba a sani ba; Tsakiyar/NE Tekun Pacific, jimlar shaguna 18, kwantena 56,261, ? sautuna 02,12002,1201960–1982NE Atlantic 6 shafuka, 55,324 kwantena, 23,100 ton 035403541967–1969NE Atlantic 2 shafuka, 46,396 kwantena, 14,300 ton 033603361967–1982NE Atlantic 4 shafuka, 28,428 kwantena, 19,200 ton 0015.0815.081955–1969Kudancin Honshu, shafuka 6 sau 15, kwantena 3,031, 606,000 m3 03.203.21959,61,69Baltic Sea 1 site, 230 kwantena, 64 ton; NE Atlantic 1 site, 289.5 kwantena, 1,080 ton,  0.702.12.81992–93Arctic 3,066 m3; Tekun Pacific 6,327 m3  001.041.041954–1976Gabashin gabar tekun New Zealand, shafuka 4, kwantena 9, 0.62 m3 00.200.21967NE Atlantic 1 shafin sau ɗaya, kwantena 480, tan 185 00.200.21969NE Atlantic 1 shafin, kwantena 100, tan 45. 00babu bayanai1968–1972Tekun Japan, 1 wuri 5 sau? , kwantena 115, tan 45. Jimillar38,36945,2621,44685,077Adadin duk adadin da aka ruwaito shine 982,3 m3. *Wasu ƙasashe suna ba da rahoton taro da ƙarar sharar da aka zubar da kuma wasu kawai tonnage. Amurka ba ta bayar da rahoton tonnage ko ƙarar kwantena 90,543 ba.

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba