Binciken Shirin Yanayi

Shirin Binciken Yanayi shine shirin kimiyya na Birtaniya wanda aka mayar da hankali kan binciken fasahar Injiniyan yanayi da aka tsara don rage tasirin dumamar duniya. Babban manufar shirin ya haɗa da bincika hanyoyi daban-daban don rage yawan zafin jiki na duniya ta hanyar iyakance Hasken rana don yiwuwar jinkirta Ci gaban canjin yanayi.

ta watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2025, Cibiyar Bincike da Invention (ARIA) da Majalisar Binciken Muhalli ta Kasa sun ba da jimlar fam miliyan 61 a cikin tallafin gwamnati ga shirin injiniyan yanayi a cikin ayyukan bincike da yawa.

 Ƙaddamarwa 
Darakta na Shirin Kayan Kayan Kariya na Yanayi Farfesa Mark Symes ya bayyana ra'ayin cewa haɗarin da ke ƙaruwa na yanayin yanayi - kamar yiwuwar rushewar yaduwar yaduwa na Atlantic ko manyan kankara - yana buƙatar bincike a cikin hanyoyin da za su iya sanyaya duniya cikin sauri. Shugabannin shirin, bayan tuntubar daruruwan masu bincike, sun yi iƙirarin cewa an fara aikin ne saboda rashin bayanan da aka samu daga gwaje-gwajen jiki na ainihi game da kokarin rage sauyin yanayi, wanda simulations na dakin gwaje-gyare da samfuran kwamfuta kadai ba za su iya samarwa ba.

A ƙarshen 2024, Cibiyar Bincike da Invention (ARIA) ta ware fam miliyan 50 zuwa ga cikakken shirin bincike wanda ya haɗa da ƙananan gwaje-gwaje na waje. Daidaita wannan ƙoƙari, Majalisar Binciken Muhalli ta Kasa (NERC) ta ba da ƙarin fam miliyan 11 a ranar 3 ga Afrilu, 2025, don bincika yiwuwar tasirin tasirin tasirin injiniyan hasken rana. Kudin biyu ya haifar da Burtaniya ta zama daga cikin manyan masu ba da gudummawa ga kimiyyar injiniyan yanayi, a lokacin da aka yi hasashen gudummawar Amurka za ta ragu a karkashin Gwamnatin shugaban kasa ta biyu ta Donald Trump.

Shirin ya yi niyyar gwada hanyoyi da yawa don gudanar da radiation na rana (SRM). Wadannan sun hada da allurar aerosol ta stratospheric, wanda ya haɗa da gabatar da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin sararin samaniya don dawo da hasken rana zuwa sararin samaniya; haskaka girgije na ruwa, wanda ya shafi yayyafa ruwan teku don inganta hasken girgije; da kuma raguwar girgije na cirrus, wanda ya ƙunshi shuka ƙwayoyin kankara a cikin girgije na cerrus don rage tsawon su.

Shirin ya ba da matakai da yawa don rage yiwuwar cutar da gwaje-gwajen suka haifar, kamar hana sakin abubuwa masu guba, buga cikakkun kimantawar tasirin muhalli kafin gwaje-gaje, da tuntuɓar wakilan al'umma a yankunan da gwaje'o'in suka shafa. Masu binciken shirin sun nuna fatan cewa za a iya kara matakan da aka gwada a cikin shekaru goma, idan gwaje-gwajen sun nuna alamun nasara.

 Rikici 
Masu sukar, gami da wasu fitattun Masu binciken yanayi, sun nuna gwaje-gwajen kula da radiation na hasken rana da shirin zai gudanar a matsayin hanyar da ba a fahimta ba wanda ke karkatar da hankali daga muhimmin aiki na rage hayakin carbon. Manyan masu bincike Michael Mann da Raymond Pierrehumbert sun bayyana kokarin a matsayin "matsananciyar jan hankali" daga tushen canjin yanayi, kuma suna kama da "karɓar aspirin don ciwon daji".  

 Manazarta