Mucilage na Ruwa

Marine mucilage, wanda kuma ake kira snot na teku ko haushi na teku yana da kauri, kwayoyin halitta da aka samo a kusa da tekun duniya, musamman a cikin 'yan kwanakin nan a cikin Bahar Rum. 

Abubuwan da ke cikin ruwa suna da rikitarwa, saboda suna iya ɗaukar ƙwayoyin cuta da yawa. Abubuwan da ke haifar da mucilage na ruwa sun fito ne daga karuwar phosphorus, yanayin fari, da dumamar yanayi. Sakamakon mucilage na ruwa ma ya yadu, yana shafar masana'antun kamun kifi, yana shanye rayuwar teku, da yaduwar ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin halitta. 'Yan ƙasa da gwamnatoci a duk duniya suna aiki don kafa matakan da suka hada da magani, tsaftace ruwan teku, da sauran manufofin jama'a. 

 Rubuce-rubuce 
Marine mucilage yana da abubuwa da yawa ciki har da nau'ikan microorganisms da suka hada da ƙwayoyin cuta da prokaryotes, da mahadi na exopolymeric tare da kaddarorin colloidal. Duk da yake yana da ma'anoni masu yawa da ba daidai ba a duk lokacin, an yarda cewa an kafa mucilages don zama nau'ikan nau'ikan sinadarai masu rikitarwa, da kuma kayan halitta masu rikitarwe. Abinda ke cikin mucilage na iya canzawa a tsawon lokaci kuma kowane nau'in mucilage na ruwa ba kawai an bayyana shi ta hanyar mucilage ba. Wasu abubuwan da ke cikin mucilage na ruwa ba kwayoyin mucilage ba ne amma sunadarai, tarkace, sunadarai، ƙwayoyin cuta, ma'adanai, da sauransu.

 Dalilan da suka haifar 
Tsararren mucilage na ruwa ya faru ne saboda karuwar phosphorus (an auna dabi'un phosphorum sau uku zuwa hudu fiye da shekarar da ta gabata) da sauran abubuwan gina jiki masu yawa  haɗe da yanayin fari da kuma yanayin zafi mai tsawo da yanayin kwanciyar hankali. Hakanan ana samar da mucilage na ruwa ta hanyar phytoplankton lokacin da aka matsa musu.Leppard, Gary G. (1995). "The characterization of algal and microbial mucilages and their aggregates in aquatic ecosystems". Science of the Total Environment. 165 (1–3): 103–131. Bibcode:1995ScTEn.165..103L. doi:10.1016/0048-9697(95)04546-d. ISSN 0048-9697. PMID 7754351.

Canjin yanayi na duniya na Anthropogenic ya haifar da canji mai ban mamaki a cikin yawan amfanin phytoplankton. Wasu tsiro sun kasance saboda canjin yanayi. Ruwan da ya fi zafi, mai saurin motsi yana ƙara samar da mucilage na ruwa kuma yana ba da damar tarawa a cikin manyan blobs. Daga bayanan da aka karɓa daga Bahar Rum a cikin shekarun 1950 zuwa yanzu, a bayyane yake cewa yayin da yanayin zafin jiki ke ƙaruwa, yawan bayanan mucilage yana ƙaruwa.Danovaro, Roberto; Fonda Umani, Serena; Pusceddu, Antonio (2009). "Climate Change and the Potential Spreading of Marine Mucilage and Microbial Pathogens in the Mediterranean Sea". PLOS ONE. 4 (9): e7006. Bibcode:2009PLoSO...4.7006D. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007006. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 2739426. PMID 19759910.

 Tasirin 
Babban karuwar yawan mucilage na ruwa ya zama batun lafiyar jama'a, tattalin arziki, da muhalli a duniya. An lura da mucilage mai yawa na ruwa yana tarawa aƙalla tun farkon shekara ta 2009, yayin da aka fara bayar da rahoton mucilage na ruwa a cikin shekara ta 1729.

 Lafiyar Jama'a 
Marine mucilage yana da tasiri a kan tattalin arziki a duniya, musamman wadanda ke kewaye da Tekun Bahar Rum. Tun lokacin da aka gano shi, an ga mucilage na ruwa a matsayin matsala ga masana'antar kamun kifi, yayin da yake toshe tarun kamun kiɗa. Yawon shakatawa ma yana shafar, saboda garuruwan bakin teku da suka dogara da yawon bude ido suna fama da ruwa mara kyau. Properties na mucilage na ruwa yana samar da mummunan ƙanshi kuma yana sa ruwan teku bai dace da wanka ba.

 Tattalin Arziki 
Marine mucilage yana da tasiri a kan tattalin arziki a duniya, musamman wadanda ke kewaye da Tekun Bahar Rum. Tun lokacin da aka gano shi, an ga mucilage na ruwa a matsayin matsala ga masana'antar kamun kifi, yayin da yake toshe tarun kamun kiɗa.Danovaro, Roberto; Fonda Umani, Serena; Pusceddu, Antonio (2009). "Climate Change and the Potential Spreading of Marine Mucilage and Microbial Pathogens in the Mediterranean Sea". PLOS ONE. 4 (9): e7006. Bibcode:2009PLoSO...4.7006D. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007006. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 2739426. PMID 19759910. Yawon shakatawa ma yana shafar, saboda garuruwan bakin teku da suka dogara da yawon bude ido suna fama da ruwa mara kyau. Properties na mucilage na ruwa yana samar da mummunan ƙanshi kuma yana sa ruwan teku bai dace da wanka ba.

 Muhalli 
Har ila yau, mucilage na ruwa na iya rufe gills na halittun teku da ke cikinsa, yana yanke iskar oxygen kuma ya kashe su.  Magudanar ruwa da ke shawagi a saman ruwa kuma na iya iyakance hasken rana da ke isa ga yanayin teku. [ ]

 Rashin Man Fetur 
Ruwan mai na Deepwater Horizon a cikin Tekun Mexico ya haifar da adadi mai yawa na mucilage na ruwa. Masana kimiyya ba su da tabbacin yadda ainihin zubarwar ta haifar da mucilage mai yawa na ruwa don samarwa, amma wata ka'ida ta tabbatar da cewa zai iya zama sakamakon kisan gilla na Rayuwar ruwa mai microscopic wanda ke haifar da "tsinkaye" na dusar ƙanƙara. Masana kimiyya sun damu da cewa tarin mucilage na ruwa na iya haifar da haɗari ga rayuwar ruwa a yankin. An yi imanin cewa mucilage na ruwa da ya rage ta hanyar zubar kai tsaye ya haifar da asarar rayuwar teku a cikin Tekun Mexico, kamar yadda aka tabbatar da wani wuri mai zurfi na murjani mai zurfi kilomita 11 daga tashar Deepwater Horizon.

 Tekun Bahar Rum 
Tekun Bahar Rum ya lura da mummunar tasirin mucilage na ruwa, kamar yadda shekara ta 2021 ta sami ci gaba mai yawa yayin da ta kai matsayi a cikin Bahar Rum da sauran tekuna.Danovaro, Roberto; Fonda Umani, Serena; Pusceddu, Antonio (2009). "Climate Change and the Potential Spreading of Marine Mucilage and Microbial Pathogens in the Mediterranean Sea". PLOS ONE. 4 (9): e7006. Bibcode:2009PLoSO...4.7006D. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007006. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 2739426. PMID 19759910. A farkon 2021, mucilage na ruwa ya bazu a cikin Tekun Marmara, saboda gurɓataccen ruwa daga ruwan da aka zubar cikin ruwan teku, wanda ya haifar da yaduwar phytoplankton, kuma ya haifar da babbar barazana ga Yanayin ruwa. Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Erdek a Tekun Marmara ta rufe ta da mucilage na ruwa, inda ma'aikatan Turkiyya suka fara babban ƙoƙari don kwashe kayan kwalliya a watan Yunin 2021. Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Yalıköy a Lardin Ordu ta kuma shaida tarin mucilage a watan Yunin 2021, a cikin Tekun Baƙi.

 Matakai na hanawa 
Matakan gajeren lokaci sun haɗa da tattara mucilage na ruwa daga saman teku da kuma shimfiɗa shingen a saman teku. Matakan tsauraran matakai sun haɗa da inganta Maganin ruwa mai guba, ƙirƙirar wuraren da aka kiyaye a cikin ruwa, da kuma iyakance canjin yanayi. Wani ƙoƙari na iya zama haɓaka irin waɗannan ruwa kamar wuraren yawon bude ido don ruwa ba ya tsayawa na dogon lokaci wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga tarawar teku. Wani na iya gabatar da irin wannan nau'in ruwa a cikin teku wanda zai iya cinye abinci mai gina jiki, don tsaftacewa kawai kuma daga baya kiyaye su a cikin wuraren da aka haɓaka.

Matakan da ake dauka a yanzu don sarrafawa da cire kasancewar mucilage na ruwa a cikin Bahar Rum ana ganin su a cikin manufofin gwamnatin Turkiyya, kamar yadda Turkiyya ta fara kwanan nan mafi girma da kuma mafi yawan tsaftace teku don ceton teku na Marmara. An ba da haraji ga kamfanonin da aka gano suna zubar da sharar gida daga wuraren ruwa mai guba zuwa cikin teku.

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba