Jerin barkewar cutar Legionnaires

Wannan jerin sunayen barkewar cutar Legionnaires ne; Legionnaire's wata cuta ce mai yaduwa mai yuwuwa ta hanyar Gram negative, ƙwayoyin cuta na aerobic na jinsin Legionella. Farkon barkewar cutar da aka ruwaito ya kasance a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania a 1976 a lokacin Yarjejeniyar Legionnaires a Otal din Bellevue-Stratford . 

An bayyana barkewar cutar a matsayin lokuta biyu ko fiye inda farawar cutar ke da alaƙa da lokaci (makonni maimakon watanni) da kuma sararin samaniya, inda akwai tuhuma, ko shaidar, tushen kamuwa da cuta, tare da ko ba tare da goyon bayan microbiological ba (watau wuri na sararin samaniya na lokuta daga tarihin tafiye-tafiye). 

 Jerin duniya ta shekara 

 Shekaru na 1960 
ShekaraBirniWurin da ake cikiTushenShari'o'iMutuwaYawan mutuwaBayani1965Washington, DC, AmurkaAsibitin St. ElizabethsBa a sani ba941617%Cutar ta faru ne a shekarar 1965, amma ba a gano ta a matsayin cutar legionnaires ba har sai an fallasa kwayar cutar da aka adana ga samfurori na ƙwayoyin cuta daga barkewar cutar Legionnaires ta Philadelphia ta 1976. 

 Shekaru na 1970 
ShekaraBirniWurin da ake cikiTushenShari'o'iMutuwaYawan mutuwaBayani1973,1977Benidorm, SpainOtal din Rio ParkJirgin wankaakalla 4ba a sani baFarkon barkewar cutar a Otal din Rio Park ya faru ne a shekarar 1973, masu yawon bude ido hudu sun mutu, amma a lokacin ba a gane shi a matsayin cutar Legionnaires ba har sai barkewar cutar ta gaba a wannan otal din a shekarar 1977. 1976Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Amurka1976 Yaduwar cutar Legionnaires ta PhiladelphiaYanayin iska15.4%Wannan shine farkon barkewar legionellosis, kodayake daga baya aka gano lokuta na legionellosus da suka gabata sun faru tun daga 1947. Yaduwar cutar ta Philadelphia, duk da haka, ta sami mafi girman mutuwar.1978Memphis, Tennessee, AmurkaAsibitin Tunawa da Baptist-Memphis (1912-2000) Hasumiyar sanyaya iska441978 Yaduwar Cutar Sojojin Memphis1979Melbourne, Ostiraliyagine-ginen masana'antu mai sauƙiMatsakaicin girman evaporative condenser1979Ballarat, OstiraliyaAsibitin mahaukacitsarin ruwan wanka

 Shekaru na 1980 
ShekaraBirniWurin da ake cikiTushenShari'o'iMutuwaYawan mutuwaBayani1985Wollongong, OstiraliyaGinin kulob din zamantakewaƙaramin hasumiyar sanyaya1985Stafford, IngilaAsibitin Gundumar StaffordYanayin iska16%A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1985, an kwantar da marasa lafiya 175 a asibitocin Gundumar ko Kingsmead Stafford tare da kamuwa da kirji ko cutar huhu. Jimillar mutane 28 sun mutu. Binciken likita ya nuna cewa cutar Legionnaires ce ke da alhakin kuma binciken yaduwar cututtuka na gaggawa ya gano tushen kamuwa da cutar zuwa hasumiyar sanyaya iska a rufin asibitin gundumar Stafford.1986Adelaide, Ostiraliyaal'ummaƙaramin hasumiyar sanyaya a asibiti1987Wollongong, OstiraliyaCibiyar cin kasuwaƙaramin hasumiyar sanyaya a shagon1988Adelaide, Ostiraliyaal'ummacakuda tukwane1988Westminster, IngilaHedikwatar BBChasumiyar sanyaya a Gidan watsa shirye-shirye1989Sydney, Ostiraliyakulob din bowlingƙaramin hasumiyar sanyaya1989Burnie, Ostiraliyaal'ummaƙaramin hasumiyar sanyaya a asibiti

 Shekaru na 1990 
ShekaraBirniWurin da ake cikiTushenShari'o'iMutuwaYawan mutuwaBayani1992Sydney, OstiraliyaCibiyar cin kasuwaƙaramin hasumiyar sanyaya1994Sunshine Coast, OstiraliyaGidan hutuntafkin wanka mai zaman kansa1995Sydney, OstiraliyaCibiyar cin kasuwaƙaramin hasumiyar sanyaya a asibiti1999Bovenkarspel, Netherlands1999 barkewar cutar Bovenkarspel legionellosisRuwa mai zafi10%A watan Maris na shekara ta 1999, barkewar cutar ta faru a Netherlands a lokacin baje kolin furen Westfriese Flora a Bovenkarspel . Mutane 318 sun yi rashin lafiya kuma akalla mutane 32 sun mutu. Akwai yiwuwar cewa mutane da yawa sun mutu daga shi (wanda zai iya sa ya zama mafi munin barkewar da aka rubuta), amma an binne waɗannan mutane kafin a gane cutar Legionella. Tushen kwayar cuta shine tub mai zafi a yankin nune-nunen.

 Shekaru na 2000 
ShekaraBirniWurin da ake cikiTushenShari'o'iMutuwaYawan mutuwaBayani2000Melbourne, OstiraliyaRayuwar Ruwa Melbourne AquariumHasumiyar sanyaya3.2%A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2000, barkewar cutar ''legionella pnemophila serogroup 1 ta faru a Melbourne, Australia. Cutar ta haifar da tabbatar da kamuwa da cutar Legionnaire 125, tare da 95 (76%) a asibiti. An bayar da rahoton cewa 4 sun mutu daga barkewar cutar. Binciken ya gano tushen kamuwa da cuta zuwa hasumiyar sanyaya a sabon akwatin kifaye. Tun lokacin da wannan barkewar cutar ta barke, ana buƙatar kididdigar kamuwa da cutar legionella ta ruwaito ta gwamnatin jihar a matsayin cuta mai sanar da ita. Jiha ta gabatar da ka'idoji don sarrafa legionella a cikin shekara ta 2001.
|-
|2000
|Vizela, Portugal
|Yankin jama'a
|Ruwan ado
|
|
|0%
|A watan Agustan 2000, barkewar cutar Legionnaires ta faru a Vizela, Arewacin Portugal .  An kwantar da jimlar mutane 11 da ke fama da cutar Legionnaires a asibitin. Babu wadanda suka mutu. Dukkanin marasa lafiya sun kasance a babban filin Vizela a daren Agusta 11-12, 2000, inda ake gudanar da bukukuwan shekara-shekara na gari. Masu bincike sun gano tushen barkewar cutar zuwa wani maɓuɓɓugar kayan ado da ke cikin filin.
|-
|2001
|Murcia, Spain
|Asibiti
|Hasumiyoyin sanyaya 
|+
|
|0.8%
|Babban barkewar cutar Legionnaires a duniya ya faru ne a watan Yulin 2001 tare da marasa lafiya da suka bayyana a asibiti a ranar 7 ga Yuli, a Murcia, Spain. Fiye da mutane 800 da ake zargi da kamuwa da cutar an rubuta su a lokacin da aka kula da cutar ta ƙarshe a ranar 22 ga Yuli; an kiyasta 636-696 daga cikin waɗannan shari'o'in kuma an tabbatar da 449 (don haka, akalla mutane 16,000 sun fallasa kwayar cutar) kuma 6 sun mutu. Adadin masu kamuwa da cutar kusan kashi 1 cikin 100.
|-
|2002
|Barrow-in-Furness, Ingila
|2002 Barrow-in-Furness legionellosis barkewar
|Yanayin iska
|
|
|4.1%
|A shekara ta 2002, Barrow-in-Furness a Ingila ya kamu da cutar Legionnaires. Mata shida da mutum daya sun mutu sakamakon cutar; wasu mutane 172 ma sun kamu da cutar. An gano dalilin ya zama hasumiyar sanyaya mai gurbata a cibiyar zane-zane ta Forum 28 ta garin. Majalisar Barrow Borough daga baya ta zama ta farko a Burtaniya da za a tuhume ta da kisan kai na kamfanoni amma an wanke su. Duk da haka, an ci su, tare da masanin gine-gine Gillian Beckingham, saboda keta ka'idojin Lafiya da Tsaro a cikin shari'ar da ta ƙare a shekara ta 2006.
|-
|2003-2004
|Pas-de-Calais, Faransa
|Shuka mai amfani da sinadarai
|Hasumiyar sanyaya
|
|
|20.93%
|Wannan shine mafi munin barkewar Legionnaires a tarihin Faransa.
|-
|2004
|Zaragoza, Spain
|Asibiti
|Hasumiyar sanyaya
|
|
|26%
|Biyar daga cikin bakwai daga cikin wadanda suka mutu sun wuce shekaru 50.
|-
|2005
|Toronto, Kanada
|Gidan Oaks Bakwai na Tsofaffi
|Hasumiyar sanyaya
|
|
|16.5%
|A ƙarshen Satumba, 2005, mazauna 127 na gidan jinya sun yi rashin lafiya da Legionella pneumophila'' . A cikin mako guda, ashirin da daya daga cikin mazauna sun mutu. Sakamakon al'adu da farko ba shi da kyau. An gano tushen barkewar ne a cikin hasumiyoyin sanyaya iska a kan rufin gidan tsofaffi.2005Fredrikstad, NorwayMasana'antuMai tsabtace iska9.7%Akalla mutane 103 sun yi rashin lafiya kuma goma sun mutu daga cutar Legionnaires ta haifar da ƙwayoyin cuta da ke girma a cikin iska mai tsabtace iska na masana'antar da ke kusa.2007Jastrzębie Zdrój, PolandAsibitin Kwararru na Gundumar na 2, Ophthalmic WardTsarin ruwa4375%A watan Janairun 2007 a asibitin kwararru na gundumar 2 a Jastrzębie-Zdrój marasa lafiya biyu a asibitar ido sun mutu ba zato ba tsammani. An lura cewa ba zato ba tsammani suna da zazzabi mai tsanani, tari da hallucinations. Da farko an tura su zuwa asibitin Cututtukan cututtuka na wasu sa'o'i tare da zargin cutar huhu, daga baya an tura su cikin kulawa mai tsanani. 
Gwaje-gwaje sun nuna cewa marasa lafiya biyu suna da legionellosis. Cutar ta zama sanadin mutuwar daya daga cikin marasa lafiya, ɗayan kuma yana da gazawar jini. An gano kwayar cutar da ke da alhakin legionellosis a cikin marasa lafiya huɗu daga wannan asibitin. Gabaɗaya barkewar cutar ta haifar da mutuwar mutane uku 2008New Brunswick, New Jersey, AmurkaAsibitin Jami'ar Saint PeterRuwa mai sha33.3%Chlorination a cikin tsarin ruwa ya sauka ƙasa da matakan tasiri.

 Shekaru na 2010 
+YearCityVenueSourceCasesDeathsFatality rateNotes2010WalesSouth Wales ValleysLikely cooling towers9%Thought to be cooling towers in local industry.2011Dayton, Ohio, United StatesDaytonHospital air conditioning45%Was the largest outbreak in Ohio since 1994 at the time.2012Québec City, CanadaLower Québec CityPossibly cooling towers7.22%180 confirmed cases as of September 14, 2012, probably due to contaminated water in industrial cooling towers.2012Calp, SpainAR Diamante Beach HotelPlumbing system17%Large hotel with solar water heating system for spa and domestic hot water. A month before the deaths, local government authorities may have known about the problem, but were accused of not alerting the public to avoid disruption of the tourism industry.2012Edinburgh, ScotlandSouth west of EdinburghPossibly cooling towers3%56 confirmed cases, with a further 36 suspected cases, bringing the total number of people affected to 92. Four people are known to have died from the outbreak.2012Chicago, Illinois, United StatesJW Marriott HotelDecorative Lobby Fountain30%8 confirmed cases with people who stayed at the JW Marriott Chicago during July–August 2012.2012Auckland, New ZealandUnknownWater Source and/or Air Conditioning9%The number of people affected in a major outbreak of Legionnaires' disease in Auckland, which has claimed one life, has risen to 11.2012Stoke-on-Trent, EnglandWarehouse, FentonHot tub5.2%Infection began in warehouse hot tub. Seventeen of the confirmed cases visited the warehouse a couple of weeks before becoming ill.2012Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United StatesVeteran's Administration Hospitalunknown27%2012 Pittsburgh legionellosis outbreak2014Portugal2014 Legionella outbreak in PortugalCooling tower3.2%A widespread outbreak in Vila Franca de Xira district, Portugal.2015Bronx, New York, United StatesCo-op City, South Bronx, and Morris ParkCooling Towers in the Bronx, such as Co-op City, Lincoln Hospital, and Concourse Plaza.9.3%12 people sickened in January 2015. No fatalities reported. The 2015 New York Legionnaires' disease outbreak was investigated the New York City Health Department Out of 17 buildings with cooling towers, five tested positive for the disease, including cooling towers in the Concourse Plaza Hotel and Lincoln Hospital. The Opera House Hotel in the South Bronx is also considered a source of the outbreak. The outbreak is currently being investigated by the New York City Health Department "Environmentalists sampled 35 cooling towers in the Morris Park area, and 15 came back with positive results." In total 52 buildings were sampled and 20 of them came back positive.2015Northland, New ZealandPahiatua Fonterra PlantUnknown30UnknownThis outbreak occurred at one of Fonterra's milk plants in Northland, New Zealand, in November 2015. Currently three cases have been reported, though currently no deaths.2015Quincy, Illinois, United StatesVeterans homeUnknown27.7%The outbreak investigation is ongoing2014–2016Flint, Genesee County, Michigan, United StatesCountywideMcLaren Regional Medical Center13.8%Investigation by <i id="mwA5c">Frontline</i> also examined cases diagnosed as pneumonia that could have been misdiagnosed and diagnosed as Legionnaires' Disease. McLaren and the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality is being sued for $100 million in regards to the outbreak.  See also Flint water crisis, possibly linked to legionnaires disease2016Sydney, AustraliaSydney Town HallSuspected cooling towerat least 402016Hopkins, Minnesota, United StatesCitrus Systems, Inc.Cooling tower2314.3%Confirmed by Minnesota Department of Health. 23 people became sick, 17 were hospitalized, and one person died.2017Manhattan, New York, United StatesLenox HillTBD7114.3%2017Las Vegas, Nevada, United StatesRio Hotel and CasinoWater system2002017Round Rock, Texas, United StatesSpringHill Suites hotelSwimming pool and hot tub6002017Anaheim, California, United StatesDisneylandCooling towers2214.5%2017Lisbon, PortugalSão Francisco Xavier HospitalCooling tower11%In November 2017, an outbreak of Legionnaires' disease occurred in São Francisco Xavier Hospital, in Lisbon, Portugal. The outbreak resulted in 56 confirmed cases of Legionnaire's disease, of which 6 died. The investigation traced the source of the infection to a cooling tower in the hospital.2018Bloomsbury, LondonUniversity College LondonWater cooler102018Washington Heights, New York, United StatesThe Sugar Hill Project (Building)Cooling towers2713.7%2019Westminster, London, EnglandDolphin SquareWater System300%First case confirmed by NHS England 20 March 2019. Samples taken from the flexible shower hose and bathroom sink of the affected resident's flat, showed legionella bacteria present in those specific locations. Third case confirmed by Public Health England 1 July 2019.2019Evergem, BelgiumGhent/Evergem Port Stora EnsoCooling Towers3226.7%Five samples collected from 17 initially suspected cooling towers at the Port of Ghent near Evergem, tested positive for Legionella pneumophila, 3 with average and 2 in high quantities. Genetic testing confirmed 1 of 2 towers with high quantities to have links with the patients. Swedish-Finnish Stora Enso admitted to be responsible.2019Ohio, New Jersey and Michigan, United StatesMultiple locationsNot yet determined Flint MI Water Crisis32618.75%As of June 4, 2019, 32 have fallen sick during the outbreaks across the states of New Jersey and Ohio. Many have fallen sick and died from drinking or being near the contaminated water in Flint, Mi.2019Atlanta, United StatesSheraton downtown110Legionnaires' Disease Outbreak May Have Sickened Dozens in Atlanta2019Fletcher, North Carolina, United StatesNorth Carolina Mountain State Fairhot tub display1414Four People Have Died From A Legionnaires' Outbreak Linked To A Hot Tub Display At A State Fair
Legionnaires' outbreak linked to hot tub display kills third North Carolina fairgoer
N.C. Officials Trace 124 Legionnaires' Disease Cases To Hot Tub At A Fair
Investigation of an Outbreak of Legionellosis in Western North Carolina

 Shekaru na 2020 
+ShekaraBirniWurin da ake cikiTushenShari'o'iMutuwaAdadin mutuwaBayani2020Illinois" id="mwBOE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Vernon Hills, Illinois">Vernon Hills, Illinois, 
AmurkaBrookdale Senior LivingA karkashin bincike5120%Yaduwar cutar Legionnaires har zuwa biyar da aka ruwaito a cibiyar zama ta Vernon Hills. Adadin Ma'aikatan Legionnaires ya tashi zuwa biyar a Brookdale Vernon Hills Senior Living Facility.2020Vila do Conde, Póvoa do Varzim, Matosinhos, Gundumar Porto, 
PortugalWuraren da yawaA karkashin bincike881517%88 masu kamuwa da cutar da kuma mutuwar 15 (11 daga cikin wadannan sun kamu da SARS-CoV-2). Har yanzu ba a san asalin kwayar cutar ba. Yaduwar Legionella mafi muni a Portugal, an ayyana shi a ranar 13 ga Janairu, 2021.2022San Miguel na Tucumán, Lardin Tucumán da 
ArgentinaAsibitin kiwon lafiyaA karkashin bincike22627%Rukunin cututtukan huhu da ke da alaƙa da asibitin kiwon lafiya. 22 masu kamuwa da cutar da 6 masu mutuwa (duk tare da cututtukan cututtuka). Har yanzu ba a san asalin kwayar cutar ba.2023Rzeszów, yankin Subcarpathian, 
PolandWuraren da yawaA karkashin bincike1644125%Yaduwar cutar da ke ci gaba. An yi zargin cewa tushen kwayar cuta shine tushen ruwa mai gurbatawa.2024New Hampshire">Lincoln, New Hampshire, AmurkaGidan shakatawa na RiverWalkHasumiyar sanyaya500%

 Gudanar da gwamnati don hana barkewar cutar 

 Ka'idoji da dokoki 
Jagoran da Hukumar Lafiya da Tsaro ta Burtaniya (HSE) ta bayar yanzu ya ba da shawarar cewa sa ido kan microbiological don tsarin sanyaya mai laushi, ta amfani da dipslide, ya kamata a yi shi kowane mako. Jagoran yanzu ya kuma ba da shawarar cewa a gudanar da gwajin yau da kullun don ƙwayoyin cuta na legionella a cikin tsarin sanyaya mai laushi aƙalla kwata-kwata, kuma sau da yawa lokacin da ake ba da umarni ga tsarin, ko kuma idan an gano ƙwayoyin a wani lokaci na baya. Ƙarin jagororin Burtaniya marasa doka daga Tsarin Ba da Shawara na Dokokin Ruwa yanzu ya wanzu don kafin dumama ruwa a aikace-aikace kamar tsarin dumama ruwa na hasken rana

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