Gudanar da Kogin Rhine

Hukumar Kula da Tsaro ta Duniya (ICPR) da kwangilarta suna nuna daidaituwa tare da Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan hanyoyin ruwa na kasa da kasa kuma sun tabbatar da tasiri a cikin burinta na Rhine da Rhine Basin. Ya zama dole yarjejeniya ta zo ta cikin ƙasashe a cikin kwarin Rhine yayin da yake samar da ruwa bisa ga bukatun masana'antu da aikin gona kuma yana samar da ruwan sha ga mutane sama da miliyan 20.

 Gudanar da ruwa na kasa da kasa 
Ruwa hanya ce da idan aka raba tsakanin kasashe makwabta ke buƙatar tattaunawa ba don hana rikici ba, amma don taimakawa kiyaye shi don amfani a nan gaba. Bincike ya nuna cewa jayayya game da amfani da ruwa a tarihi ba ya bin tsarin rikici kamar yadda tsarin hadin gwiwa lokacin da tattaunawa ta sauya daga haƙƙin ruwa zuwa bukatun ruwa. Babban mataki don bunkasa ka'idojin daidaitawa don sarrafa ruwa shine Yarjejeniyar kan Dokar Amfani da Ruwa na Duniya, wanda ya yi kira ga daidaito, mai ma'ana, da kuma kariya na amfani da ruwa da aka raba a duniya. Wannan yana buƙatar ƙasashen da suka amince da waɗannan sharuɗɗa don samar da tsari ga waɗannan ka'idojin da za a iya amfani da su ga ruwan da aka raba.

Located yammacin tsakiyar Turai, tare da yanki na   , Basin yana ƙunshe da ƙasashe tara: Austria, Belgium, Faransa, Jamus, Italiya, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Netherlands, da Switzerland (hoto 1).  Waɗannan ƙasashe duk suna da hannu a cikin Yarjejeniyar Kare Rhine (CPR), yarjejeniyar da ke taimakawa wajen magance matsalolin rafin Rhine bayan yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan magudanar ruwa.  Akwai ayyuka na tarihi da suka shafi gurɓatar masana'antu da damuwa da ambaliyar ruwa wanda CPR zai iya ɗauka da samun tushe daga.  
Rhine Basin yana da yawan mutane 48,831,090 waɗanda ke buƙatar ruwa don ban ruwa, dabbobi, wutar lantarki, masana'antu, gida, da kuma amfani da Capita. Adadin ruwa ya fi girma ga Jamus, Netherlands, da Faransa a cikin wannan tsari tare da kashi 100 cikin 100 na yawan jama'ar da ke zaune a cikin birane. An yi manyan gyare-gyare na ruwa a saman tafkin don samar da kula da ambaliyar ruwa, da kuma zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa na Rhine da kuma ƙasar noma. Akwai manyan wuraren masana'antu a wurare daban-daban tare da Rhine waɗanda ke haifar da haɗari ga kwarin Rhine da tsarin halittu da yake riƙewa (Hoto na 2). 

 Yarjejeniya kan Hukumar Kare Rhine ta Duniya 1963 
Canje-canje ga kwandon da kasancewar wuraren masana'antu da ke fitar da gurbataccen abu sun ƙare a cikin lalacewar darajar muhalli na kwandon kanta, yana mai da kwandon Rhine mafi gurbatawa da ya taɓa kasancewa a tsakiyar karni na 20. Wannan ya haifar da Yarjejeniyar kan Hukumar Kasa da Kasa don kare Rhine daga gurɓataccen 1963 wanda ya kafa ICPR don magance batun lalacewar tafkin. Haɗin kai a kan babban burin inganta muhalli ya kasance mai girma sosai yayin da ƙasashe, ko kuma masu ruwa da tsaki, suka ga cewa ingancin albarkatun su yana cikin haɗarin rasawa. Matakan gurɓataccen ya ragu sakamakon raguwar fitar da masana'antu, da aiwatar da tsire-tsire na tsabtace ruwa.

 Manazarta