Cibiyar Sadarwar Yanayi ta Duniya ta Duniya

Cibiyar Sadarwar Yanayi ta Duniya ta Duniya (GHCN) saitin bayanai ne na zafin jiki, hazo da bayanan matsa lamba da Cibiyar Bayanai ta Kasa (NCDC), Jami'ar Jihar Arizona da Cibiyar Nazarin Bayanin Carbon Dioxide ke gudanarwa. Tun daga 2015 Cibiyar Kula da Muhalli ta Kasa (NCEI) ce ke kula da CHCN.

Ana tattara jimillar bayanan daga yawancin tashoshi masu ci gaba da ba da rahoto a saman duniya. A cikin 2012, akwai tashoshi 25,000 a cikin ƙasashe da yankuna 180. Wasu misalan masu canjin sa ido sune jimlar hazo yau da kullun da matsakaicin matsakaicin zafin jiki. Abin lura ga wannan shine kashi 66% na tashoshin tashoshi suna ba da rahoton hazo na yau da kullun.Menne, Matthew (15 Dec 2018). "The Global Historical Climatology Network Monthly Temperature Dataset, Version 4". Journal of Climate. 31 (24): 9835–9854. Bibcode:2018JCli...31.9835M. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0094.1. S2CID 134797632.

Tunanin asali na aikace-aikacen bayanan GHCN-M shine don samar da nazarin yanayin yanayi don saitin bayanai waɗanda ke buƙatar kulawa ta yau da kullun. Manufarsa ita ce ƙirƙirar saitin bayanan layi na duniya wanda za a iya haɗa shi daga tashoshi a duk duniya.Lawrimore, Jay (15 October 2011). "An overview of the Global Historical Climatology Network monthly mean temperature data set, version 3". Journal of Geophysical Research. 116 (D19). Bibcode:2011JGRD..11619121L. doi:10.1029/2011JD016187.

An yi amfani da wannan aikin sau da yawa a matsayin tushe don sake gina yanayin yanayin duniya da ya gabata, kuma an yi amfani da shi a cikin sigogin baya na biyu daga cikin sanannun sake ginawa, waɗanda NCDC ta shirya, da kuma waɗanda NASA ta shirya kamar yadda Cibiyar Nazarin Sararin Samaniya ta Goddard (GISS) ta saita. Matsakaicin rikodin zafin jiki shine tsawon shekaru 60 tare da ~ 1650 rikodin fiye da shekaru 100 da ~ 220 mafi girma fiye da shekaru 150 (dangane da GHCN v2 a cikin 2006). An tattara bayanan farko da aka haɗa a cikin bayanan a cikin 1697.

 Tarihi 
An haɓaka sigar farko ta hanyar sadarwa ta Tarihin Climatology ta Duniya a lokacin bazara na 1992.[3] Wannan sigar farko, wacce aka fi sani da Shafin 1, haɗin gwiwa ne tsakanin tashoshin bincike da kuma bayanan da aka tsara daidai da shirin rikodin yanayi na duniya da kuma tashar yanayin yanayin sararin samaniya na wata-wata ta duniya daga Cibiyar Nazarin yanayi ta ƙasa. A cikin tashoshin, dukkansu suna da aƙalla shekaru 10 na bayanai, 2/5 suna da bayanan fiye da shekaru 50, kuma 1/10 suna da bayanan shekaru 100. Siga 1, ko fiye da aka fi sani da V1 shine tarin yanayin zafi na kowane wata daga tashoshi 6,000. Akwai, kamar na 2022, nau'ikan 3 na gaba na GHCN - M an ƙirƙira su kamar yadda aka bayyana a ƙasa.Menne, Matthew J.; Durre, Imke; Vose, Russell S.; Gleason, Byron E.; Houston, Tamara G. (2012-07-01). "An Overview of the Global Historical Climatology Network-Daily Database". Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology. 29 (7): 897–910. Bibcode:2012JAtOT..29..897M. doi:10.1175/JTECH-D-11-00103.1. ISSN 0739-0572. S2CID 120956769

 Taswira da bayanin 
GHCN ɗaya ce daga cikin abubuwan da aka tattara na farko na bayanan zafin jiki da aka yi amfani da su don nazarin yanayin yanayi, kuma shine tushe na Rikodin Zazzabi na GISTEMP. Wannan taswirar da aka danganta da nau'in GHCN na 3 yana nuna tashoshin zafin jiki na 7,280 a cikin kundin kasida na GHCN wanda aka tsara ta tsawon rikodin da aka samu a cikin 2007. Shafukan da aka sabunta su sosai a cikin bayanan (2,277) ana yiwa alama "aiki" kuma an nuna su a manyan alamomi, sauran rukunin yanar gizon ana yiwa alama "tarihi" kuma an nuna su a cikin ƙananan alamomi. A wasu lokuta, shafukan "tarihi" suna ci gaba da tattara bayanai amma saboda ba da rahoto da jinkirin sarrafa bayanai (fiye da shekaru goma a wasu lokuta) ba sa taimakawa ga kiyasin yanayin zafi na yanzu.

Bayan da aka kirkiro wannan taswira, an fitar da nau'in 4 na GHCN kuma ya kara adadin tashoshin da aka ruwaito zuwa sama da 24,000.

 Amfani 
Waɗannan su ne kai tsaye, ma'auni na cikin-wuri waɗanda ba a haɗa su ba ko bisa simintin ƙira. Wannan hoton yana nuna rikodin 3,832 fiye da shekaru 50, rikodin 1,656 fiye da shekaru 100, da kuma rikodin 226 fiye da shekaru 150. Rikodin mafi tsawo a cikin tarin ya fara ne a Berlin a cikin 1701 kuma har yanzu ana tattara shi a yau.

 Rashin amfani 
Kamar yadda ya tabbata daga wannan makircin, yanki mafi yawan kayan aiki na duniya yana cikin Amurka, yayin da Antarctica shine yanki mafi ƙarancin kayan aiki. Yawancin sassan Afirka ba su da bayanan yanayin zafi na yanzu. Yawancin bayanai sun iyakance ga wuraren da mutane ke zama. Sassan tekun Pasifik da sauran tekuna sun fi keɓanta daga ƙayyadaddun tashoshi na zafin jiki, amma ana ƙara wannan ta hanyar masu sa kai masu lura da jiragen ruwa waɗanda ke rikodin bayanan zafin jiki yayin tafiye-tafiyensu na yau da kullun. Bayanan da aka yi rikodi na iya kasancewa ƙarƙashin rashin daidaituwa, kamar ƙaura tasha, canji a aikin lura (misali daga lura da ma'aikata zuwa mai sarrafa bayanai ta atomatik) da canji a cikin kayan aiki.

 Manazarta