Tsarin Kasuwancin Fitowa ta Burtaniya

Tsarin Kasuwancin Fitar da iska na Burtaniya (UK ETS) shine tsarin ciniki na fitar da iskar carbon na Burtaniya.Policy briefing: Get ready for the UK's emissions trading scheme". www.endsreport.com. Retrieved 2021-02-02. Yana da iyaka da kasuwanci kuma ya fara aiki a ranar 1 ga Janairu 2021 bayan ficewar Burtaniya daga Tarayyar Turai.Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, Participating in the UK Emissions Trading Scheme (UK ETS), published 17 December 2021, accessed 15 January 2021 An rage hular daidai da sadaukarwar sifili na 2050 na Burtaniya.Ng, Gabriel (2021-01-23). "Introducing the UK Emissions Trading System". Cherwell. Retrieved 2021-02-02.

 Mataki na 1: 2021 zuwa 2025 
Ko da yake da farko ya ɗan yi kama da shigar Burtaniya ta farko a cikin Tsarin Kasuwancin Kasuwancin Tarayyar Turai (EU ETS), akwai bambance-bambance. Matsakaicin farko shine 5% ƙasa da rabon Burtaniya a ƙarƙashin kashi huɗu na EU ETS.

 Tsayar da farashi 
Farashin ajiyar gwanjo shine £22 akan kowace tonne, kuma gwamnati na da niyyar yin doka don matakan iyakance hauhawar farashin.

 Rufewa 
Birtaniya ETS da farko an iyakance shi ne ga jiragen cikin gida, samar da wutar lantarki da masana'antu waɗanda ke amfani da makamashi mai yawa: amma za a fadada tsarin.

 Ƙimar Ƙasashen Duniya 
Har zuwa 2021 na ƙasa da ƙasa ba a ba da izini ba.

tilastawa

Tun daga 2021 tarar wuce gona da iri shine £ 100 kowace tonne.

 Tsohon tsarin son rai 
Tsohuwar Tsarin Kasuwancin Fitar da Iskar hayaki ta Burtaniya tsarin ciniki ne na fitar da hayaki na son rai da aka kirkira a matsayin matukin jirgi kafin EUETS ta tilas. Ya gudana daga 2002 kuma an rufe shi ga sababbin masu shiga a 2009. Gudanar da tsarin ya koma Ma'aikatar Makamashi da Canjin Yanayi a 2008.

A lokacin, shirin ya kasance sabon tsarin tattalin arziki, kasancewar tsarin kasuwancin carbon na farko na masana'antu da yawa a duniya. (Denmark ta gudanar da shirin cinikin gas na matukin jirgi tsakanin 2001 zuwa 2003 amma wannan ya shafi kamfanonin wutar lantarki takwas ne kawai). An yi la'akari da ra'ayin da aka samu na kasa da kasa game da fa'idar cinikin carbon da aka gabatar a cikin yarjejeniyar Kyoto ta wajibi, wanda ba a amince da shi ba a wancan lokacin, kuma ya ba da damar gwamnati da kamfanoni da wuri-wuri da kuma samun kwarewa a tsarin gwanjo da tsarin kasuwanci wanda tsare-tsare na baya suka ƙunsa. Ya gudana daidai da haraji kan amfani da makamashi, Levy Canjin Yanayi, wanda aka gabatar a cikin Afrilu 2001, amma kamfanoni na iya samun rangwame kan haraji idan sun zaɓi yin ragi ta hanyar shiga cikin tsarin ciniki.

Shirin ciniki na son rai ya dauki mahalarta 34 daga masana'antu da kungiyoyi na Burtaniya wadanda suka yi alkawarin rage fitar da iskar Carbon da suke fitarwa, tun daga wannan lokacin ya fadada zuwa sassa 54 na tattalin arzikin Burtaniya. A sakamakon haka sun sami kaso na £215 miliyan "asusun ƙarfafawa" daga Sashen Muhalli, Abinci da Rural (DEFRA). Kowannensu ya amince ya rike isassun alawus-alawus don rufe ainihin hayakinsa na wannan shekarar, da kuma shiga cikin tsarin yin ciniki da ciniki, tare da rage adadin kowace shekara. Sannan kowane mahaluki zai iya yanke shawarar daukar matakin sarrafa hayakin da yake fitarwa don cimma daidai da manufarsa, ko rage fitar da hayakin da yake fitarwa a kasa da abin da ya sa a gaba (ta yadda za a ba da alawus-alawus da zai iya sayar da su, ko ajiyewa don amfani da su a cikin shekaru masu zuwa), ko kuma sayen alawus-alawus daga sauran mahalarta don cika duk wani abin da ya wuce.UK Emissions Trading Scheme DEFRA 2006

Daga Maris 2002, DEFRA ta gudanar da gwanjon alawus-alawus na fitar da hayaki don aiwatar da kasafi ga mahalarta, bayan fara tsarin tilas na EU.

Ofishin Binciken Kasa na Burtaniya da masu ba da shawara na DEFRA sun gudanar da bitar tsarin don kafa tushen sa kuma sun zana darussa daga gare ta.

Binciken ya kammala da cewa shirin ya cimma wasu raguwar fitar da hayaki daga mahalarta taron, duk da cewa za a iya cimma fiye da haka idan maƙasudan sun fi buƙata.

Kamfanoni 34 da suka shiga, sun yi amfani da asusun tallafi don biyan matakan rage yawan iskar gas, kuma a aikace an karfafa yawancinsu don yin karin yunƙuri don ƙara rage hayaƙi fiye da abin da aka sa a gaba. Sun sami gogewa a dabarun farashi kuma an shirya su tun kafin fara tsarin dole.

Kamfanonin da suka ba da dillanci da tabbatar da hayaki sun sami damar kafa sabbin kasuwancinsu a Burtaniya, kuma tun daga lokacin sun fassara wannan fa'idar mai motsi ta farko don kafa kansu a fagen kasuwancin Turai da faɗin duniya.

DEFRA ta gano al'amurra da ayyuka masu amfani na yin shawarwari da kafa tushe da gudanar da aikin gwanjo.

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