Ƴancin yin tsayayya

Haƙƙin adawa haƙƙin ɗan adam ne da aka amince da shi kusan a duk faɗin duniya, kodayake iyakarsa da abubuwan da ke cikinsa suna da gardama.Bielefeldt 2003, p. 1100 'Yancin adawa, ya danganta da yadda aka ayyana shi, na iya daukar nau'in rashin biyayyar jama'a ko tsayin daka da makami a kan gwamnatin azzalumi ko mamaya na kasashen waje; ko kuma ya kai ga gwamnatocin da ba azzalumai ba ana jayayya neBielefeldt 2003, pp. 1097, 1100–1101. Ko da yake fitaccen masanin shari'a Hersch Lauterpacht ya kira 'yancin yin tsayayya da babban haƙƙin ɗan adam, matsayin wannan haƙƙin a cikin dokokin haƙƙin ɗan adam na duniya yana da tsauri kuma ba kasafai ake tattaunawa ba. Kasashe arba'in da biyu sun amince da 'yancin da tsarin mulki ya ba shi, kamar yadda Yarjejeniya ta Afirka ta 'Yancin Dan Adam da Jama'a ta yi.

 Tarihi 
Ƙarin bayani: ka'idar juriya

A cewar masanin falsafa Heiner Bielefeldt, "Tambayar halaccin tsayin daka-ciki har da juriya na tashin hankali-da aka kafa hukuma ta tsufa kamar yadda tunanin siyasa da zamantakewa kanta." Ana iya samun goyon baya ga 'yancin yin tsayayya a cikin tsohuwar koyarwar mulkin zalunci na Girka da aka haɗa a cikin dokar Romawa, da kuma ta hanyar ra'ayoyi a cikin Littafi Mai-Tsarki na Ibrananci, jihadi a cikin duniyar musulmi, Dokar Sama a cikin falsafar siyasar kasar Sin ta dynastic, da kuma a cikin al'adun baka na Afirka ta Kudu sahara.Murphy 2012, p. 91 A tarihance, masu tunani na Yamma sun banbanta tsakanin ’yan boko da azzalumai, kawai suna ba da izini ga tsayin daka a kan na karshen saboda wadannan sarakunan sun keta hakki na asali baya ga rashin cancantar jama’a. Wasu 'yan masu tunani ciki har da Kant da Hobbes sun yi watsi da wanzuwar 'yancin yin tsayayya. John Locke ya yarda da shi kawai don kare dukiya. Ra'ayoyi sun bambanta kan ko 'yancin yin adawa ya wuce maido da matsayin da ake da shi ko kuma kare tsarin mulkin kasar. Marxists sun yi nisa fiye da marubutan juyin juya halin Faransa wajen tallafawa juriya don canza tsarin da aka kafa; Mao Zedong ya ce "daidai ne a yi tawaye ga masu mayar da martani".Ginsburg et al. 2012, p. 1206

Ko da yake Hersch Lauterpacht, daya daga cikin fitattun malaman fikihu, da ake kira ‘yancin yin tsayayya da haƙƙin ɗan adam mafi girma, matsayin wannan haƙƙin a cikin dokokin haƙƙin ɗan adam na ƙasa da ƙasa yana da tsauri kuma ba kasafai ake tattaunawa ba. Wa'adin wakilin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na musamman kan masu kare hakkin bil'adama ya kebe duk wanda ba ya amfani da hanyoyin lumana kadai, ba tare da la'akari da tsananin take hakki ba. A cewar Shannonbrooke Murphy, rashin mutunta 'yancin yin tsayin daka ya saba da gaskiyar cewa Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da kanta da dukkanin gine-ginen 'yancin ɗan adam ba za su wanzu ba idan magoya bayansu ba su yi amfani da karfi ba a kan ikon Axis. Bugu da ƙari, Murphy ya yi jayayya cewa wannan doka ba ta da adalci ga masu kare haƙƙin ɗan adam a cikin mafi munin yanayi kuma tasirinsa "ya haifar da mummunan yanayi wanda dokokin kare hakkin bil'adama na kasa da kasa suka yi watsi da mafi yawan mutanen da ke fuskantar manyan laifuffuka ko cin zarafi mai girma". A shekara ta 1964, Nelson Mandela ya kare hanyar da za a bi wajen kawo tashin hankali a gwagwarmayar yaki da wariyar launin fata, a cikin jawabinsa na "Na Shirya Mutuwa". A cewar masanin falsafa Gwilym David Blunt, "Hakkin tsayin daka muhimmin bangare ne na tunanin siyasa na 'yancin ɗan adam". Idan ba tare da shi ba, haƙƙoƙin zai zama gata ne kawai, amma 'yancin yin tsayayya yana ba da "maganin ƙarshe ga take haƙƙin ɗan adam"Blunt 2020, p. 70

 lamuran 

 Juriya da ta'addanci 
Ƙungiyoyin 'yantar da ƙasa suna amfani da tashin hankali kamar yadda suka faru a Aljeriya, Palastinu, da Ireland sau da yawa suna haifar da ra'ayoyi iri-iri, tsakanin annashuwa a matsayin ta'addanci da kuma tabbatar da cewa wani lokacin tilastawa ya zama dole don tsayayya da zalunciFinlay 2015, p. 313. Masanin ilimin siyasa Christopher Finlay ya rubuta littafi bisa ka'idar yaki kawai yana bayyana lokacin da ya yi imanin cewa gwagwarmayar makamai ta dace. Wani misali na musamman shi ne ‘yancin Falasdinawa na adawa da mamayar da Isra’ila ke yi wa yankunan Falasdinawa, wanda Isra’ila ta hana shi.Francis 2014, pp. 42–43

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