Rhinotomy

Rhinotomy shine yankewa, yawanci yankewa, na hanci. Hanya ce ta azabtar da shari'a a duk duniya, musamman ga laifuffukan jima'i, amma a yanayin zina sau da yawa ana amfani da shi ne kawai ga mata.

 Amfani da Tsohon 
Dokar Hammurabi ta ƙunshi nassoshi game da yankewa na bayyanar jiki (kamar leɓuna, hanci, nono, da dai sauransu), kamar yadda dokokin tsohuwar Misira suke yi, kuma a cikin maganin Hindu rubuce-rubucen Charaka da Sushruta Samhita.

Fir'auna na tsohuwar Masar, Horemheb, ya rubuta wani rubutu na doka, Edict of Horemheb , wanda akai-akai ya bayyana rhinotomy a matsayin hukunci na laifi.

Rhinotomy a matsayin horo ga zina al'ada ce a farkon Indiya,  kuma Helenawa da Romawa ne ke yi, amma da wuya; aikin ya fi yawa a Byzantium da tsakanin Larabawa, inda aka sanya mace marar aminci yayin da mutumin zai iya tserewa da bulala - kuma "sau da yawa an umurci mijin da matarsa ta kasance marar aminci ya yi aiki a matsayin mai kisa". Sperati, G. (2009). "Amputation of the nose throughout history". Acta Otorhinolaryngol Italica. 29 (1): 44–50. PMC 2689568. PMID 19609383.

 Zamanin Tsakiya 
Byzantine Sarkin sarakuna na Romawa Justinian II ya cire hanci daga janar wanda ya tsige shi. Ya dawo tare da rundunar barbarians don dawo da kursiyinsa, ya zama sananne da "Rhinotmetos" (ὁ ̆ номинаτμητος, "hanci mai laushi"), kafin ya maye gurbinsa da kwafin zinariya. A Yammacin Turai, Sarkin Merovingian Childebert II, yana bin al'adun abokinsa na Byzantine, ya hukunta masu makirci zuwa rhinotomy, a cewar Gregory na Tours, kuma ya fallasa su ga ba'a.

A cikin 1120, Majalisar Nablus ta tabbatar da cewa matan da aka samu suna yin zina a Masarautar Urushalima za a hukunta su da rhinotomy. Har ila yau, ya kafa rhinotomy a matsayin azabtarwa ga matan Kirista waɗanda ke da alaƙa da jima'i tare da maza Musulmai da mata Musulmai waɗanda ke da dangantaka ta jima'i da maza Kirista. Ana zaton aiwatar da wannan hukunci ya fito ne daga azabtarwar gargajiya ta Byzantine.

"Bisclavret" na ƙarni na 12 na Marie de France yana da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun maciji a hanci na matarsa marar aminci. Littafin Geoffroy IV de la Tour Landry na ƙarni na 14 The Book of the Knight of the Tower yana da misali na jarumi ya karya hanci na matarsa, a matsayin umarni ga mata su yi biyayya ga mazajensu.

Frederick II ya yi amfani da wannan al'ada don azabtar da masu zina da masu fashi.Sperati, G. (2009). "Amputation of the nose throughout history". Acta Otorhinolaryngol Italica. 29 (1): 44–50. PMC 2689568. PMID 19609383.

A cikin karni na 14 da 15 na Poland, an yi amfani da rhinotomy (kazalika da glossectomy) don azabtar da laifuka da aka aikata ta hanyar magana. An bayar da rahoton aikin ne a Naples na ƙarni na 15.

Likitan tiyata na Jamus Wilhelm Fabry ya bayyana wani lamari daga 1590 inda wata mace ("Susanne the Chaste") ta yi tsayayya da fyade kuma an yanke hanci a sakamakon haka.Sperati, G. (2009). "Amputation of the nose throughout history". Acta Otorhinolaryngol Italica. 29 (1): 44–50. PMC 2689568. PMID 19609383.

 Rashin son kai 
Mafi yawan sanannun shari'o'in rhinotomy da aka yi wa kansu damuwa da nuns waɗanda suka yanke hanci da fatan guje wa fyade. 'Yan majami'ar Saint-Cyr a Marseille, a cikin karni na 9, an kare su ne a yi musu fyade amma an kashe su duka, kuma' yan majami'a na Saint Clare a Acri sun sha wahala iri ɗaya a cikin 1291.Sperati, G. (2009). "Amputation of the nose throughout history". Acta Otorhinolaryngol Italica. 29 (1): 44–50. PMC 2689568. PMID 19609383. An kuma ba da irin wannan labarin game da Æbbe the Younger da nunanta a Coldingham, a cikin karni na 9.

 Dubi kuma 

 Ina da hanci
 Kabarin hanci, kaburbura na Jafananci na ƙarni na 16 da ke dauke da hanci da aka yanke daga sojojin Koriya da fararen hula 
 Mimizuka, sanannen irin wannan wuri mai tsarki, wanda ke dauke da akalla hanci 38,000
 Yanke siyasa a cikin al'adun Byzantine
 Rhinoplasty - Hanyar tiyata don inganta ko sake gina hanci na mutum
 Cin zarafin mata

 Manazarta 

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