Inganta muhalli

Muhalli ko inganta muhalli tsari ne wanda a cikinsa tsaftace gurɓacewar da samar da kayan more rayuwa kore yana haɓaka ƙimar kadarorin gida kuma yana jan hankalin mazauna wurin masu arziki zuwa ƙazantar ƙazanta ko a baya. Abubuwan more rayuwa na kore sun haɗa da sararin samaniya, wuraren shakatawa, rufin kore, lambuna da kayan gini masu amfani da makamashi. Wadannan shirye-shiryen na iya warkar da cututtukan muhalli da yawa daga masana'antu da kuma kyautata wuraren birane. Bugu da ƙari, shuke-shuke yana da mahimmanci don cimma makomar mai ɗorewa. Koyaya, idan suna tare da gentrification, waɗannan shirye-shiryen na iya samun tasirin zamantakewa. Fiye da haka, a wasu lokuta gabatar da kayan lambu na iya haifar da (1) motsi na jiki na gidaje masu karamin karfi saboda hauhawar farashin gidaje,  da / ko (2) motsi na al'adu, zamantakewa, da siyasa na mazauna dogon lokaci.  Na farko da Sieg et al. (2004),  gentrification na muhalli sabon ra'ayi ne, kodayake ana iya la'akari da shi azaman sabon haɗin tsofaffi da batutuwa masu yawa na gentrification da Adalci na muhalli. Tasirin zamantakewa na ayyukan shuke-shuke musamman dangane da iya biyan gidaje da ƙaurawar 'yan ƙasa masu rauni. Shuke-shuke a cikin birane na iya zama lafiya da adalci.

 Ma'anar 
Ƙaddamar da muhalli shine tsarin da yunƙurin inganta yanayin birane da ƙauye kamar haɓaka wuraren kore ko rage gurɓata yanayi, haɓaka darajar dukiya da tsadar rayuwa, sau da yawa yana raba mazauna masu karamin karfi da kuma jawo hankalin jama'a masu arziki.. Gabatar da sararin samaniya a cikin birane a tarihi ya haifar da karuwar dabi'un dukiya, wanda zai iya kawar da mazauna dogon lokaci. Wannan tsari, wanda ake kira gentrification na muhalli, yana faruwa ne lokacin da ake biyan farashi daga mazauna da ke da ƙarancin kuɗi daga unguwarsu sakamakon ci gaban sararin samaniya na birane da rashin ci gaban gidaje ga ƙarin mutanen da ke son zama a yankin. Ana fahimtar gentrification na muhalli a matsayin tsari wanda inganta sararin samaniya na birane ke haifar da ƙaurawar al'ummomin da ke da ƙarancin kuɗi, kodayake ainihin ma'anar ta kasance batun muhawara. Green gentrification yana da alaƙa da Tsarin birane da ƙoƙarin rage yanayi. Shirye-shiryen kamar shigar da tsarin inuwa, ganuwar kore, rufin kore, da siffofin ruwa galibi ana aiwatar da su don yaki da tasirin tsibirin zafi na birane. Koyaya, waɗannan ci gaba na iya haifar da ƙimar dukiya mafi girma da kuma ƙaura mai zuwa. Bincike ya nuna alaƙa tsakanin ƙirƙirar sararin samaniya na birane da ƙaruwa a farashin gidaje lokacin da babu isasshen gidaje don biyan buƙatun gidaje ko na yanki. Misali, farashin dukiya a kusa da High Line a Birnin New York ya karu da kashi 35% tare da gyare-gyaren yanzu, yayin da farashin kusa da Chicago's Bloomingdale Trail ya tashi da kashi 13.8% zuwa 48.2% tare da aiwatar da sabon kayan lambu.

 Gentrification 
Gentrification tsari ne wanda aka canza unguwa don biyan mai sayen gida mai arziki ko mai saka hannun jari. Sau da yawa ana aiwatar da shi a cikin unguwanni masu aiki waɗanda mazauna ƙasa ke zaune. Ci gaban gidaje irin su gidaje masu alatu ko sauya tsoffin masana'antu zuwa ɗakunan da suka dace, suna jan hankalin masu saka hannun jari masu arziki. Yayin da tsarin ke ci gaba, ana fitar da mazauna masu karamin karfi ko zuwa gefen unguwar yayin da ake karuwar farashin gidaje da haya saboda buƙata. Har ila yau, yayin da mazauna matsakaicin matsayi suka shiga cikin kasuwancin da ke kewaye da su suna canzawa don karɓar sha'awa. Gentrification sau da yawa ana inganta shi ta hanyar manufofi da ke inganta 'sabunta birane'.  Gabaɗaya, ana ɗaukar wannan tsari don amfanin tattalin arzikin yankin da inganta unguwanni.

An gane matakai uku na gentrification a Arewacin Amurka:

 1960s-1970s - Tsarin da gwamnati ta jagoranta, wanda ke fatan sake saka hannun jari a cikin gari.
 1970s - Ya bazu a manyan birane kuma ya bazu zuwa ƙananan garuruwa a duk faɗin Arewacin Amurka. Misali shine inganta al'ummomin fasaha kamar Soho Manhattan don jawo hankalin mazauna da masu saka hannun jari.
 1990s - Ci gaban ci gaba mai girma ya karu da sikelin da rikitarwa ta hanyar haɗin gwiwar jama'a da masu zaman kansu.

Yayin da ’yan kasa masu arziki suka fara neman ababen more rayuwa na korayen, biranen sun karkata akalarsu wajen aurar da ci gaban birane tare da koren tsare-tsare duk suna bin irin wannan tsari.  Ana iya ganin wasu daga cikin waɗannan tsare-tsare ta hanyar sauye-sauyen ababen more rayuwa daban-daban, mutane suna canza hanyoyin sufuri zuwa abubuwa kamar su keke da tafiya, da kuma ƙaura da mutane, waɗanda duk hakan na iya haifar da ɓacin rai a unguwa..

 Shirye-shiryen birane da dorewa 
Gwamnatoci da masu haɓakawa suna amfani da dorewa don inganta shirye-shiryen kore da sararin samaniya na birane. Asalin girma daga inganta ci gaba mai ɗorewa a ƙasashe masu tasowa, dorewa ya sami karbuwa a duniya bayan taron koli na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na 1992, wanda ya gabatar da Manufofin Ci Gaban (SDGs).  Ma'anar dorewa ta dogara ne akan cimma daidaituwa tsakanin ginshiƙai uku: tattalin arziki, muhalli, da daidaito na zamantakewa. Koyaya, aiwatar da wannan ma'auni a aikace ya kasance ƙalubale. Rashin amincewa ya taso ne game da yadda kokarin dorewar birane ke inganta daidaito na zamantakewa, kamar yadda ayyukan ci gaba da yawa ba sa la'akari da tasirin da ci gaban tattalin arziki ke da shi a kan al'ummar da ke akwai.

Al'amarin daidaito na zamantakewa na dorewa yana mai da hankali kan ba da damar al'ummomin yankin su shiga cikin hanyoyin yanke shawara da amfana daga ayyukan ci gaba. An yi niyyar shiga jama'a don tabbatar da cewa an cika bukatun da damuwar mazauna yankin. Koyaya, al'ummomi da yawa tare da yawan mutanen da ke da launi da ƙananan gidaje suna fuskantar yanayin muhalli mara kyau saboda iyakancewar shigarwa a cikin yanke shawara na muhalli da rashin samun damar wurare masu tsabta. Wadannan dalilai suna haifar da bambancin kiwon lafiya wanda ya haifar da gurɓataccen muhalli. Sabunta wuraren da aka yi amfani da su, gami da wuraren da aka gina bayan masana'antu da kuma abubuwan da aka watsar, ya zama babban bangare na manyan ayyukan shuke-shuke na birni. Wadannan shafuka, waɗanda galibi suna kusa da yankunan gari ko wuraren ruwa, yawanci suna buƙatar gyaran muhalli kuma suna samun tallafi ta hanyar tattalin arziki daga hukumomin gwamnati daban-daban. Wadannan sake ginawa akai-akai suna inganta dorewa ta hanyar tsarin tsara birane kamar sabon tsarin birane, wanda ke jaddada kirkirar biranen da za su iya zama, masu dorewa, masu sanyi, da kuma tafiya.

Birane da mutane suna ƙara amsawa ga ƙalubalen muhalli ta hanyar tsarawa da shirye-shiryen muhalli. Birane irin su Chicago, tare da Bloomingdale Trail (606), da New York City, tare da The High Line, sun gabatar da sararin samaniya a cikin yankunan da ke da yawan jama'a don inganta ciyayi da samar da sararin birane. Dangane da kimantawa daga Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, kusan kashi 54% na yawan mutanen duniya a halin yanzu suna zaune a cikin birane, tare da wannan adadi da ake sa ran zai karu zuwa kashi 66% nan da shekara ta 2050. Ana iya fahimtar birane kamar yadda suke aiki kamar kwayoyin halitta, cirewa, amfani, da kuma zubar da albarkatu a tsawon lokaci. Nazarin Yanayin birane na iya bayyana alamu na Rashin daidaito na sararin samaniya, kamar yadda aka lura da mummunan alaƙa tsakanin samar da sararin samaniya da kasancewar jama'ar Afirka da Hispanic a Amurka. Yankunan kore a cikin waɗannan unguwanni galibi ba a kiyaye su da kuma 'yan sanda, yayin da waɗanda ke cikin yankuna masu wadata suna tallafawa ayyukan ga mazauna masu arziki, don kula da wani tsari na zamantakewa.

 Inganta da adalci na muhalli a Amurka 
Gudanar da muhalli batu ne wanda ya haɗu da Adalci na muhalli. Yankunan da aka sake ginawa tare da niyyar ƙara ƙarin wuraren shakatawa masu kyau da wuraren lambu, ana zaɓar su gabaɗaya saboda dukiyar da aka yi watsi da ita da za a iya saya don ƙarancin farashi. Tare da sayen dukiya da ƙasa masu rahusa, niyyar gyarawa da gyara waɗannan kadarorin tare da niyyar samun riba a ƙarshe ya bayyana. Wadannan kaddarorin galibi suna cikin yankunan da yawancin mutanen da ke da kabilanci da kabilun, kuma an tsara su da dabarun a yankunan da suka fi saukin kamuwa da kuma kusa da zubar da sharar gida mai guba da sauran nau'ikan gurɓata. Duk da wadannan tasirin da ba su dace ba, ba su bayyana suna tasiri ga ayyukan Hukumar Kare Muhalli (EPA) dangane da ƙayyade fifiko don shiga tsakani. Yayinda ake tsabtace unguwanni ta hanyar shirye-shiryen tsaftace Superfund, akwai canje-canje masu mahimmanci waɗanda ke da halin bi, kamar karuwar yawan mutanen da ke ƙaura zuwa yankin, tare da ƙarin albarkatun kuɗi da matakan ilimi mafi girma. Yayin da mutanen da ke da ƙarin albarkatun kuɗi ke shiga, ana fitar da mazauna da suka gabata a hankali yayin da farashin rayuwa ya zama mai sauƙi idan aka kwatanta da kafin ci gaba da haɓaka yankin. Yawanci waɗannan unguwanni suna mamaye yawan fararen fata, wanda ke haifar da fararen unguwa. Yayin da unguwanni ke samun karin fararen jama'a, akwai karuwar lokuta na 'yan sanda na matasa, kamar ba kawai bayanin martaba ba, har ma da kiran da ba shi da tushe na tilasta bin doka, wanda ba daidai ba ne da aka yi niyya ga mutane masu launin fata. An ga cewa a cikin manyan shirye-shirye don bunkasa yankuna daban-daban, kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu waɗanda ke mai da hankali kan ci gaban wurin shakatawa da wuraren lambu suna dogara da su, kuma saboda rashin ƙwarewarsu tare da ci gaban ababen more rayuwa, sakamakon gentrification kamar rashin gidaje masu araha sun yi watsi da su yayin da aka gina wuraren shakatawa.

Yankunan kore na birane yankunan da ke cikin sararin samaniya tare da kallon yanayin halitta tare da ciyayi kuma a wasu lokuta siffofin ruwa. Yankunan kore suna inganta kyan gani da kuma motsa jiki tsakanin mutane a cikin al'umma, wanda ke inganta lafiyar jiki da tunani. Ana amfani da green gentrification ga sararin kore bisa ga samun damar waɗannan ci gaba. Za'a iya sanya wuraren kore, kamar wuraren shakatawa da filaye, a cikin unguwar da ba ta da tsaro ko unguwar da ke da wadataccen arziki, lokacin da akwai yankunan da ba su da wuraren kore. Bugu da ƙari, rashin sararin samaniya a cikin ƙananan kuɗin shiga, yankunan birane kore gentrification saboda waɗannan al'ummomin a halin yanzu suna gwagwarmaya da batutuwan kuɗi. Inganta yankunan kore yana da tasiri mai kyau a kan al'ummomi, kuma rashin daidaituwa na kayan lambu a cikin masu arziki da yankunan da ba su da isasshen kuɗi yana nuna rashin adalci na muhalli. Nazarin ya nuna sararin samaniya a cikin birane don yin tasiri ga yanayi da haɗarin kiwon lafiya ta hanyar rage yawan zafin jiki na gida da inganta ingancin iska.

 Misalan 

 Barcelona 
Binciken shekaru 15 (1990-2005) ya bincika tasirin zamantakewa ko haɓaka sararin samaniya na birane a duk faɗin birnin Barcelona. A cikin shekarun 1990s da 2000s, an kara sabbin wuraren shakatawa na birane 18 a cikin ajanda na tsara birni. Na farko kuma mafi mahimmanci, yayin da aka ba Barcelona lambar yabo ta Wasannin Olympics na 1992, birnin ya shirya don taron ta hanyar ci gaban birane da yawa wanda ya rinjayi canjin wuraren jama'a. A baya, birnin ya damu da samar da wuraren shakatawa na birane don manufar zamantakewa da motsa jiki. Koyaya, yayin da wasannin Olympics ke gabatowa da sauri, masu tsara birane da gwamnatocin birane sun yi amfani da damar don haɓaka sararin samaniya don manyan abubuwan da suka faru. Wadannan sabbin nau'ikan sarari suna ba da fifiko ga siffofi masu kyau na sararin samaniya na birane a kokarin jan hankalin masu yawon bude ido da bayar da shimfidar wurare masu tunawa. Ana iya lura da gado na wuraren shakatawa na birane a cikin sanannun wuraren shakatawa guda uku da ke kewaye da birnin - Parc del Port Olimpic, Parc del Poblenou da Parc de Diagnol Mar. Dukkanin waɗannan wuraren shakatawa uku sun canza yawan jama'a na unguwa zuwa mafi girma.

Birnin Barcelona ya fitar da shirinsa na dorewa mai taken Barcelona Green Infrastructure and Biodiversity Plan 2020. Wannan takardar ba ta ƙunshe da tsare-tsare don biyan gidaje ko tasirin zamantakewa wanda shine sakamakon ci gaba mai girma. Aikin Diagonal Mar yana ba da misali na shirye-shiryen kore da aka haɗa tare da sake gina birane masu yawa a shafin brownfield na baya. A tarihi, yankin ya kasance cibiyar masana'antu saboda yana kusa da Tekun Bahar Rum. Aikin Diagonal Mar ya haɗa da gidaje masu alatu, otal-otal guda uku, gine-ginen ofis guda uku, babban kantin sayar da kayayyaki da ke cikin sararin samaniya na birni. An soki aikin saboda rashin la'akari da shigar da gida cikin tsarawa kamar yadda ba su da sarari don hulɗar zamantakewa ga 'yan ƙasa.Dooling, Sarah (2009). "Ecological gentrification: A research agenda exploring justice in the city". International Journal of Urban and Regional Research. 33 (3): 621–639. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2427.2009.00860.x.Sauri, David (2009). "Changing conceptions of sustainability in Barcelona's public parks". Geographical Review. 99 (1): 23–36. Bibcode:2009GeoRv..99...23S. doi:10.1111/j.1931-0846.2009.tb00416.x. S2CID 144161148.

Nazarin ya nuna cewa koren gentrification ya faru a cikin wasiƙa tare da haɓaka wuraren shakatawa a gundumar Sant Marti.  Yin amfani da ma'aunin dukiya na unguwanni, marubutan sun ba da shawarar cewa sauye-sauyen al'umma na unguwar sun faru a cikin wani yanayi mai ban tsoro 1990-2005.  Bugu da ƙari, yankunan da ke kewaye da wuraren shakatawa sun sami cikakkun alamun waɗannan canje-canje kamar yadda aka samu karuwa a: mazauna da ke da digiri na farko, mazauna daga Arewacin duniya, samun kudin shiga gida ko sayar da gida da kuma raguwar yawan mazauna 65 da kuma tsofaffi da ke zaune kadai..Anguelovski, Isabelle (2017). "Assessing green gentrification in historically disenfranchised neighborhoods: a longitudinal and spatial analysis of Barcelona". Urban Geography: 1–34.
+Kashi na Canjin Jama'a a cikin 300m na Parks Idan aka kwatanta da Matsakaicin Gundumar Sant Marti Anguelovski, Isabelle (2017). "Assessing green gentrification in historically disenfranchised neighborhoods: a longitudinal and spatial analysis of Barcelona". Urban Geography: 1–34.Lokacin BayanaiSunan wurin shakatawa (Shekarar da aka gina) Digiri na farkoGundumar Avg.Fiye da Shekaru 65Matsakaicin GundumarBaƙi na Arewa na DuniyaMatsakaicin GundumarKudin IyaliMatsakaicin Gundumar(1991–2006)Gidan shakatawa na Port Olympic (1992) 27.92%7.59%−1.52%1.82%7.4%3.22%19.21%2.8%(1991–2006)Gidan shakatawa na Poblenou (1992) 25.98%7.59%−2.97%1.82%6.9%3.22%14.42%2.8%(2004–2006)Gidan shakatawa na Diagnol Mar (2002) 4.69%1.37%−0.18%0.06%1.71%2.19%4.2%2.1%
Babban Layin yana da wurin shakatawa mai tsawon kilomita 2.33 wanda aka gina a kan layin jigilar kayayyaki na tarihi tare da yammacin Manhattan a Birnin New York. Kafin sake ginawa, Babban Layin ya wakilci lalacewar masana'antar New York, unguwar da ke kusa da Babban Layin, Chelsea, tana da yawan aikata laifuka. Tun daga shekarun 1980s gwamnatin birni ta yi ƙoƙari ta rushe shi. A mayar da martani, masu gwagwarmaya sun yi ƙoƙari su adana Babban Layin  sun ba da shawarar cewa za a iya mayar da shi ga al'umma a matsayin tanadin amfanin jama'a. Kamar yadda CSX Transportation Inc. ta sayi High Line a cikin 1999, tarurrukan kwamitin al'umma sun ba da hanya don wasu amfani da za a gabatar. a lokaci guda, Joshua David da Robert Hammond sun kafa wata kungiya mai zaman kanta da suka kira Friends of the High Line da babban burinsu na samun kudaden gwamnati da na masu zaman kansu domin ceto gadar daga rugujewa.  Fitattun mashahurai - Edward Norton, Martha Stewart da Kevin Bacon sun ba da tallafin kuɗi don aikin.[1]  Abokan Babban Layi sun gabatar da dabarun sake ginawa ga gwamnatin Bloomberg, suna ba da shawarar cewa za a iya canza gadar zuwa wurin shakatawa na jama'a, suna jayayya cewa hakan zai ba da fa'idodin tattalin arziki ga maƙwabtan da ke kewaye da kuma samar da kudaden shiga na haraji mai yawa.[2]  Gwamnatin Bloomberg ta amince da shirin, kuma magajin garin Bloomberg ya ba da sanarwar goyon baya ta hanyar cewa, "Hukuncin hukumar babbar nasara ce ga dukan mazauna birnin New York. Yana ba mu damar aiwatar da tsare-tsarenmu don adana wannan albarkatu mai mahimmanci na tarihi, samar da wani fili da ake bukata na jama'a da kuma karfafa tattalin arzikin birninmu."

Ana iya lura da shaidar cewa wannan aikin ya haifar da gentrification ta hanyar hauhawar farashin ƙasa da kuma nau'ikan ayyukan da ake janyo hankalin High Line da yankunan da ke kewaye da shi. A cikin shekaru biyu kawai, an samar da gine-gine na dala biliyan 2 wanda ya ba da gudummawar ƙarin dala miliyan 900 a cikin kudaden shiga na haraji. Bugu da ƙari, sake komawa Whitney Museum of American Art kusa yana haskakawa akan shahararren wurin shakatawa.

Babban Layin, kodayake an gabatar da shi a matsayin wurin shakatawa na jama'a, yana ba da dama ga wasu masu amfani da ayyukan.Loughran, Kevin (2014). "Parks for profit: The high line, growth machines, and uneven development of urban public spaces". City & Community. 13 (1): 49–68. doi:10.1111/cico.12050. S2CID 153523725. Abokan High Line suna ba da izini ga wasu nau'ikan masu siyarwa kawai tare da samar da masu tsaro masu zaman kansu. Baƙi na High Line na iya jin daɗin abinci na sana'a, giya mai ƙwayoyin cuta da bincika ɗakunan kasuwanci masu tasowa. Inganta ci gaban tattalin arziki da wasu nau'ikan amfani tare da sa ido yana haifar da Neoliberalization na wannan sararin jama'a. Babban Layin, kodayake sanannen gunkin birni ne, na iya kasa samar da sarari da fa'idodi ga duk 'yan ƙasa suyi amfani da jin daɗi. Maimakon haka ya fi kama da wani wuri na sararin samaniya 'privilege'  inda da'awar sararin jama'a ta mamaye 'yan ƙasa masu girma.

A lokaci guda a cikin 2007, gwamnatin Bloomberg ta fitar da PlaNYC 2030: A Greater, Greener New York wanda ke da niyyar yaki da canjin yanayi ta hanyar fadada dorewa da aka auna tare da shirye-shirye 132. Ɗaya daga cikin burin yana nuna ginshiƙan zamantakewa na dorewa ta hanyar samun burin cewa kowane ɗan ƙasa a cikin birni zai sami sararin samaniya a cikin nisan tafiya na minti 10 daga gidansu.

 Vancouver 

 Kogin Ƙarya 
Tsarin al'adar birane na Vancouver ya kasance abin tunawa da ƙaramin gari.  Titunan da aka yi wa tsarin grid-baƙin ƙarfe suna cike da gidaje guda ɗaya, ana iya samun kasuwanci a kan manyan tituna kuma masana'antu sun ta'allaka ne a kan gaɓar teku da mashigai.  1960s sun haifar da canji zuwa manyan yawa ta hanyar manyan gine-ginen zama a cikin tsakiyar gari.  A cikin 1980s, sake fasalin wuraren brownsites (tsohon wuraren masana'antu) don haɓaka gidaje a yankin False Creek ya kasance sakamakon kasancewar wurin Expo 1986.]  A baya can, wannan yanki shine cibiyar masana'antu kuma ya fara lalacewa yayin da masana'antu ke motsawa.  Bayan bikin baje kolin, hamshakin attajirin Hong Kong Li Ka-Shing ya mallaki shafin kan dala miliyan 320 kuma ya biyo bayan wasu abubuwan more rayuwa na alfarma. Waɗannan abubuwan haɓakawa sun haɓaka sautin ɗorewa waɗanda aka tallafawa ta takaddun tsarawa kamar Tsarin Dabarun Yankin Rayayyar Rayuwa (1996).  Dabarun tsare-tsare na birni kamar haɓakar kaifin basira wanda ya jaddada manufofin muhalli za a iya cimma ta hanyar samar da yankunan birane masu tafiya da kuma gauraye waɗanda za su rage bazuwar birane[3].  Ƙididdigar haɓaka mai kaifin basira yana ba da haske game da daidaito na dabarun, saboda sau da yawa yana yin watsi da mazauna masu karamin karfi.  Samun damar gidaje ya zama batu a tsakanin 2001-2007 yayin da farashin daki mai daki biyu na yau da kullun a ƙarshen yammacin Vancouver ya ƙaura daga $260,000 zuwa $650,000. A cikin 2008, majalisar birni ta karɓi EcoDensity a matsayin mafita ga wadatar gidaje wanda ya haɓaka ƙarin haɓakar cikin gari da kewaye.  EcoDensity shine mafita ga wadatar gidaje maimakon samar da gidaje na zamantakewa.  An gina hasumiya da yawa a cikin tsakiyar garin Gabas ta Tsakiya kusan mazauna 4,000 masu karamin karfi daga Yuni 2007 - Janairu 2008. Sharhi na EcoDensity ya nuna cewa dabarar ba ta da isassun gudummawar ɗan ƙasa a cikin matakan tsarawa.

Vancouver ta zama ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun biranen duniya don rayuwa yayin da take ba da ra'ayoyin dutse masu ban sha'awa da kuma samun damar zuwa rairayin bakin teku da yawa. Kamar yadda aka ba Vancouver lambar yabo ta Wasannin Olympics na hunturu na 2010, wanda ya haifar da ci gaban "Millenium Water" tare da yankin Kudu maso Gabas na False Creek wanda ya zama shafin yanar gizon Olympic Athlete Village. Wannan aikin ya yi alfaharin hanyoyin tafiya na Turai, rufin kore da halaye masu ɗorewa. Ba a samar da gidaje masu karamin karfi ba tare da wannan aikin kuma farashin farawa na ɗaki ɗaya shine $ 500,000. A kokarin rage Tasirin muhalli, aikin ya inganta aikin sabunta mazaunin inda aka yi amfani da datti da ya rage don ƙirƙirar tsibirin don tsuntsaye. A shekara ta 2006, an kori masu karɓar ruwa, mutanen da ke zaune a cikin jiragen ruwa a cikin ruwan False Creek, a kokarin tsaftace yankin. An tallata sake fasalin False Creek a matsayin yanayin wurin shakatawa ga sababbin mazauna da masu yawon bude ido kuma an inganta shi a matsayin sarari don nishaɗi. Masana sun ba da shawarar cewa akwai rashin alaƙa tsakanin inganta maganganun muhalli da batutuwan daidaito wanda ke haifar da rikice-Rikicin aji game da sararin samaniya a cikin birni. Kodayake Vancouver wuri ne mai matukar sha'awa don rayuwa, inganta dorewa ta hanyar manufofi ya yi watsi da samar da gidaje masu araha da ake buƙata.

 Amsar Jama'a 
Amsawar al'ummomi daban-daban da ke fama da yanayin muhalli sun bambanta. Misali, na Harlem, akwai tarihin juriya ga al'umma ga matakan da aka tsara waɗanda za su ta'azzara kyautata muhalli.  A cikin 2010, Lokacin da Harlem Community Development Corporation (HCDC) ya nemi rufe manyan tituna guda biyu waɗanda ke ɗauke da wuraren ajiye motoci don mazauna yankin don gina koren fili, membobin al'umma sun nuna rashin amincewarsu kan cewa suna buƙatar wuraren ajiye motoci.. Bugu da ƙari, membobin al'umma sun jaddada cewa sha'awar HCDC na gina wurin shakatawa ta tashi ne kawai bayan an gina sabbin gidaje a kusa, suna ba da shawarar cewa kirkirar wurin shakatawa zai kawar da mazauna ba tare da samun damar garage ba don amfanin mutanen da ke zaune a cikin sabbin gidajen. Koyaya, a cikin yanayin Calumet, yankin kudu maso gabashin Chicago, IL, amsar al'umma ba ta da ma'ana. Shugabannin birni da masu tsara birane sun nemi ƙirƙirar Calumet Open Space Reserve a cikin 2000: wannan an yi niyyar zama wurin shakatawa na yanayi tare da sararin samaniya, maido da wuraren da ake da ruwa, da sauran damar yin nishaɗi na waje kamar hanyoyin keke. Kodayake mazauna yankin sun fahimci cewa Calumet Open Space Reserve zai ba da gudummawa ga ci gaba da aiwatar da muhalli a wasu sassan babban birnin Chicago, ba su da damar tsayayya da ginin saboda suna da shakku game da tasirin irin wannan juriya. A waje da juriya ta al'umma ga gentrification muhalli bisa ga canjin tattalin arziki, akwai kuma misalai na tarihi na 'yan asalin da ke tsayayya da canjin muhalli a kan canjin al'adu. Don haka, martani na jama'a game da inganta muhalli ya dogara ne akan mummunan tasirin tattalin arziki na matakan dabarun shuke-shuke da kuma alaƙar al'adu da mazauna yankin ke da ita ga al'ummominsu.

Manazarta 

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