Dutsen Maunganui (dutse)

Dutsen Maunganui, ko Mauao, wanda mazauna wurin suka fi sani da Dutsen,  wani dome ne mai tsayin mita 232 (ƙafa 760) mai aman wuta a ƙarshen wani tsibiri a yankin Tauranga na Dutsen Maunganui a New Zealand, kusa da ƙofar gabas zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa na birnin.

Maori na gida suna ɗaukar Mauao a matsayin tapu (tsarki), kuma yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a tatsuniyoyinsu . Sun mallaki dutsen kuma suna gudanar da shi tare da majalisar birnin Tauranga .

Mauao yana buɗe wa jama'a kuma ya shahara don tafiye-tafiye na ban mamaki, tsere, parasailing da rataye. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, gobara da lalacewar guguwa sun buƙaci sake shukawa da kuma gyara waƙa.

 Etymology 
'Maunganui' na nufin 'babban dutse' a Turanci. Madadin sunan 'Mauao' yana nufin 'kama da safiya rana'.

 Maori labari 
A zamanin d ¯ a na mutanen Māori, akwai wani tudu marar suna. Ya zauna shi kaɗai a cikin wani yanki da aka watsar kuma ya kasance bawa ga Otanewainuku, babban tsaunin Tauranga Moana (yankin Tauranga mafi girma). Kusa da wurin akwai wani tudu mai ban sha'awa mai suna Puwhenua; An yi mata ado da kyawun Tanemahuta (Allahn daji). Mara sunan ta so soyayyar Puwhenua, amma Otanewainuku ya riga ya ci zuciyarta. Wannan ya haifar da rarrabuwar kawuna wanda ya sa wanda ba shi da suna ya nutsar da kansa a Te Moananui-a-Kiwa (Tekun Pasific). Don haka ya kira sahabbansa, patupaiarehe (mutanen aljana), wadanda suke zaune a cikin duhun dajin. Patupaiarehe mutanen dare ne kuma suna da ikon sihiri. Wanda ba shi da suna ya san cewa da taimakonsu burinsa na kawo karshen rayuwarsa zai cika. Da dare ya yi, sai suka ɗaure wa wanda ba shi da suna da igiyoyi da yawa, suka fara ɗagawa suna ja. Ƙasar ta yi ruri yayin da patupaiarehe ya tilasta wa maras suna daga matsayinsa. Wani kwari da aka zagaya yayin da suka ɗaga shi, suka kafa kogin Waimapu. Sun ci gaba da tashar Tauranga Moana inda Hairini, Maungatapu da Matapihi suke zaune. Da isowarsu kusa da babban tekun Kiwa, gari ya waye yana gabatowa. Abin baƙin ciki ga marar suna wannan yana tabbatar da aiki mai rikitarwa da matsala. Hasken Tama Nui te Ra (Sun) ya fara haskaka kololuwar tsaunin da ba shi da suna kuma patupaiarehe ya fallasa hasken haske, don haka suka koma cikin zurfin dazuzzuka.

Patupaiarehe ya yanke shawarar ba da sunan Mauao zuwa wannan dutsen, wanda a yanzu ke nuna hanyar shiga Tauranga Harbour. Fassara ta zahiri ta Mauao "da wayewar gari ya kama". A cikin lokaci wannan dutsen ya ɗauki kansa mai girma da daraja har ma a kan abokin hamayyarsa na dā Otanewainuku kuma a yanzu yana tsaye a matsayin alamar dukan kabilun Tauranga Moana. [ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2023)">abubuwan da ake bukata</span> ]

 Geology 
Dutsen Maunganui babban dome ne na rhyolitic lava wanda yake a arewacin ƙarshen Cibiyar Volcanic ta Tauranga .  Yana ɗaya daga cikin aƙalla 17 lava domes a cikin Ƙungiyar Minden Rhyolite. A ƙarshe ya fashe kusan 2.35 ± 0.06 shekaru miliyan da suka gabata.

 Tarihin farko na Tauranga da Mauao 
Ana iya fassara sunan Tauranga a matsayin ma'anar 'wurin hutawa' ko 'anchorage'. Farkon mutanen da aka sani da zama a yankin Tauranga sune Purukupenga, waɗanda sunansu kaɗai ya rayu, da Ngamarama, waɗanda suka zauna a duk ƙasar tun daga rafin Waimapu har zuwa Kaimai Ranges . 

Mutane da yawa na waka daban-daban sun wuce wasu kuma suka zauna. Wannan ya haɗa da na jirgin ruwa na Tainui, wanda ya yi ɗan ɗan lokaci kaɗan, kodayake ana iya danganta shaidar ziyarar tasu da "nga pehi o Tainui", ballast na Tainui, wanda yanzu ake kira Ratahi Rock.

Wani kuma kwalekwalen Te Arawa wanda ya yi kasa a Maketu, tare da wasu ma'aikatanta sun mamaye filin dake tsakanin tashar Tauranga da kogin Kaituna. Bayan tashi daga Tainui kwalekwalen Takitimu ya shiga tashar Tauranga. Kyaftin ɗin ta, Tamatea Arikinui, ya haura zuwa ƙoli na Mauao (Dutsen Maunganui) don yin addu’o’i na karakia kuma ya binne mauri (ƙarfin rai) na mutanensa a can.

Tamatea ya gina pa (kauyen da aka tara) a kan tudun da aka fi sani da Maungatawa, inda mutanensa suka zauna. Ngati Ranginui duk sun fito ne daga jikan Tamatea, Ranginui.  A cikin shekarun baya Ngaiterangi bayan yunƙurin neman zaunar da kansu a wani yanki na dindindin ya jagoranci wani gagarumin farmaki a kan shafin Ngati Ranginui a saman Mauao (wajen 1700). Wannan harin ya haifar da fadowa Ngaiterangi, kuma ana kiranta da 'Yaƙin Kokowai'. 

A cewar masanin ilimin kimiya na kayan tarihi, an sami shaidar shafuka uku da aka rubuta a saman da kewayen Mauao. Gamuwar yaƙi ta ƙarshe ta ƙare a tsaunin Mauao tsakanin Ngaiterangi da Ngapuhi. Masu rike da makami Ngapuhi sun yanke shawarar tsoratarwa tare da tilasta musu wucewa a karkashin umarnin Te Morenga a cikin 1820, ba a sake mamaye babban wurin ba bayan wannan yakin. An yi zaman lafiya da Ngapuhi jim kadan bayan Te Waru na Ngaiterangi. 

 MV Ranui 
Da misalin karfe 5 na yamma a ranar 28 ga Disamba, 1950, mutane 23 ne suka nutse (ma'aikatan jirgin uku da fasinjoji 20) lokacin da wata babbar igiyar ruwa mai karfin gaske ta tuko Ranui mai nauyin ton 6, mita 14 (kafa 45) zuwa Dutsen Arewa maso Yamma a gindin dutsen. Ƙaddamarwar ta kife kuma aka farfasa gunduwa-gunduwa. Wanda ya tsira shine ɗan shekara 19 Phillip "Bluey" Smith. Kotun ruwa ba ta sami wani laifi ga maigidan jirgin ko masu shi ba. 

Injin jirgin ya rataye ne a tsakanin duwatsun da ke gefen tekun bakin tudun da ke sama da Dutsen Arewa maso Yamma. An sanya plaque na tagulla don tunawa da waɗanda suka mutu. 

 Mallaka 
A ranar 14 ga Mayu 2008, Majalisar New Zealand ta canja ikon mallakar Mauao daga Crown zuwa Ngāi Te Rangi, Ngati Ranginui da Ngati Pukenga iwi . Sun yi hasarar dutsen bayan yakin duniya na 1863. 

Iwi tare suna gudanar da Mauao tare da Majalisar Garin Tauranga .

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba