Rashin ƙasa

Rashin ƙasa shine kalmar da aka saba amfani da ita don komawa ga jujjuyawar ƙasar bakin teku zuwa ruwa mai buɗewa ta hanyar hanyoyin halitta da ayyukan ɗan adam. Kalmar asarar ƙasa ta haɗa da rushewa bakin teku. Lokaci ne mai faɗi fiye da rushewar bakin teku saboda asarar ƙasa ta haɗa da ƙasar da aka canza zuwa ruwa mai buɗewa a gefen koguna da bays da tabkuna na ciki da kuma raguwar filayen bakin teku. Abubuwan da suka fi muhimmanci da ke haifar da asarar ƙasa a cikin filayen bakin teku sune rushewa, rashin isasshen wadataccen ruwa ga rairayin bakin teku da wuraren da ke da ruwa, raguwa, da hauhawar matakin teku na duniya. Haɗin matakai da ke da alhakin mafi yawan asarar ƙasa zai bambanta bisa ga takamaiman ɓangaren filin bakin teku da ake bincika.Morton, R.A., 2003. An overview of coastal land loss: with emphasis on the Southeastern United States. Open-File report 03-337. US Geological Survey, Center for Coastal and Watershed Studies, St. Petersburg, Florida. 28 pp.Britsch, L.D. and Kemp III, E.B., 1990. Land loss rates: Mississippi River deltaic plain. Technical Report no. WES/TR/GL-90-2. Geotechnical Lab, Army Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Mississippi. Ma'anar asarar ƙasa ba ta haɗa da asarar ƙasashen bakin teku don amfani da aikin gona, birni, ko wasu ci gaba ba.Barras, J.A., P.E. Bourgeois, and L.R. Handley. 1994. Land loss in coastal Louisiana 1956-90. National Biological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center Open File Report 94-01. 4 pp.

 Rashin ruwa 
Kodayake yana da alaƙa, asarar wuri mai laushi, an bayyana shi daban da asarar ƙasa. Yawancin lokaci, an bayyana asarar wuri mai laushi a matsayin jujjuyawa wuraren da ke da ciyayi zuwa ko dai tsaunuka ko wuraren da aka zubar da ruwa, wuraren da ba su da ciyayi (misali, laka), ko (mazaunin da ke cikin ruwa (ruwa mai buɗewa). Dangane da wannan, da kuma irin wannan ma'anar, asarar wuri mai laushi ya haɗa da asarar ƙasa da Amfani da ƙasa a matsayin abubuwan da ke ciki. A lokutan tarihi, duka wuri mai laushi da asarar ƙasa yawanci sakamakon bambancin, sau da yawa rikice-rikice na abubuwan halitta da na ɗan adam. Akwai wasu ma'anoni na asarar wuri mai laushi da aka saba amfani da shi. Misali, wasu masu bincike sun bayyana asarar wuri mai laushi a matsayin "matsayin cirewa na wuri mai lahi daga rawar da yake takawa a ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi".

 Hanyoyin asarar ƙasa 
Babban abubuwan da ke haifar da asarar ƙasa shine Rushewar bakin teku, rashin isasshen wadataccen ruwa, raguwa, da hauhawar matakin teku. Rushewar bakin teku tana faruwa ne lokacin da yawan yaduwar yaduwar ya fi jinkiri fiye da yawan cire yaduwar da ke bakin teku. Mafi mahimmancin dalilin raguwar raguwar laka shine gina madatsun ruwa da tafkuna kodayake kula da laka da shirye-shiryen kiyayewa na iya taka rawa. Da zarar an gina madatsar ruwa, turɓaya da ta yi tafiya kyauta a cikin kogi ta makale a cikin tafkin. Rage nauyin turɓaya a cikin madatsar ruwan yana hana turɓaya daga sake cika delta. Subsidence shine tarwatsa ƙasa wanda ke haifar da ƙananan tsawo. Rashin ruwa na iya faruwa lokacin da aka cire mai, gas, ko ruwan kasa. Wadannan abubuwa suna riƙe da ƙasar har sai an cire su. Haɗuwa saboda manyan ababen more rayuwa na birane ma yana faruwa. Hawan matakin teku saboda Canjin yanayi wani barazana ne ga ƙasar bakin teku.

 Rashin ƙasa da deltas 
Saboda babban yanayin haɗewar hawan matakin teku, yunwar daɓar ruwa, zaizayar ruwa, tabarbarewar ƙasa mai dausayi, da sauran ayyukan ɗan adam, asarar ƙasa a cikin filayen delta babbar matsala ce ta duniya.  Manyan filayen filayen duniya, ciki har da Danube, Ganges, Brahmaputra, Indus, Mahanadi, Mangoky, McKenzie, Mississippi, Niger, Nilu, Shatt el Arab, Volga, Yellow, Yukon, da Zazzazi deltas, duk sun sha wahala mai yawa na ɓarkewar ƙasa, ko dai ta hanyar zazzagewar ƙasa, ko dai ta hanyar zazzagewar ƙasa, ko dai ta hanyar zazzagewar ƙasa. hade biyu. Ga deltas 15 da Coleman da sauransu suka yi nazari,  waɗannan deltas sun sami asarar ƙasa gabaɗaya ta    na wuraren dausayi tsakanin farkon shekarun 1980 zuwa 2002. A wannan lokacin, jimillar asarar filaye na duk wadannan deltas ya kai kusan    a kowace shekara. Game da Kogin Mississippi Delta, sun gano cewa a cikin shekaru 12, wasu    na dausayi an canza su zuwa sabon buɗaɗɗen ruwa akan adadin    a kowace shekara.  Abubuwan da ke haifar da asarar ƙasa a cikin ɓangarorin da ke ƙasa ba su haɗa da jujjuyawar gandun daji na delta kai tsaye zuwa ƙasar noma ko birane ba, kodayake wannan yana faruwa a lokaci ɗaya a yawancin su.Ericson, Jason P. et al., 2006. "Effective sea-level rise and deltas: Causes of change and human dimension implications." "Global and Planetary Change", 50, pp. 63-82.

 Danube_Delta" id="mweQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Danube Delta">Kogin Danube yana cikin Romania da Ukraine inda Kogin Danuba ya shiga cikin Bahar Maliya. Rashin wannan delta ya samo asali ne daga yunwa da madatsun ruwa suka haifar da kogi. Bayan gina manyan madatsun ruwa guda biyu, madatsun ruwan Iron Gates, turɓaya a cikin kogi ya ragu da kashi 60% - 70% .

 Ganges_Delta" id="mwhQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Ganges Delta">Ganges Delta ya samo asali ne inda ruwan Ganges da Brahmaputra suka shiga Bay of Bengal. Delta ya lalace ta hanyar yunwa saboda gina madatsar ruwa da yawa. Har ila yau, wurin yana da saukin kamuwa da hauhawar matakin teku, tare da mafi yawan delta a ƙasa da 5 m a tsawo.

 Kogin Indus Delta ya samo asali ne yayin da Kogin Indos ya shiga Tekun Larabawa a Indiya da Pakistan. Gina madatsun ruwa da tafkuna don ban ruwa ya rage yawan kwararar Indus da ikonsa na ɗaukar laka.

 Mahanadi_River_Delta" id="mwmg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Mahanadi River Delta">Kogin Mahanadi Delta ya samo asali ne daga inda kogin Mahanidi, Brahmani, da Baitarini suka shiga cikin Bay of Bengal a gabashin gabar Indiya. Kamar Kogin Ganges Delta, adadi mai yawa na Mahanadi Delta yana ƙasa da 5 m a tsawo kuma yana fuskantar barazanar hauhawar matakin teku. Dams don ban ruwa da kula da ambaliyar ruwa, gami da Hirakud Dam, suna ba da gudummawa ga yunwa. Kashi 65% na bakin tekun suna fuskantar rushewa.

 Kogin Mangoky Delta ya samo asali ne daga Kogin Mangaky wanda ke shiga cikin Mozambique Channel daga yammacin gabar tekun Madagascar. dazuzzukan Mangrove suna fuskantar lalacewar gandun daji ta hanyar masunta da manoma na cikin gida, suna ƙara lalacewar bakin teku.

 Kogin Mackenzie Delta ya samo asali ne daga Kogin Mackenz a Kanada wanda ke gudana a arewa zuwa Tekun Arctic. Hawan matakan teku tare da narkewar permafrost kusa da teburin permafrest yana haifar da raguwar ƙasa.

 Don Kogin Mississippi Delta duba shafin Kogin Mississippi.

 Kogin Neja ya shiga cikin Tekun Guinea a yammacin Afirka. Dams, rushewa, da raguwa saboda jujjuyawar wuri mai laushi sune manyan abubuwan da ke ba da gudummawa ga asarar delta.

 Kogin Nilu Delta ya samo asali ne daga Kogin Niru wanda ke gudana a arewa ta Masar kuma yana shiga cikin Bahar Rum. Babban dalilin da ya sa aka rasa Delta ta Nilu shi ne tarwatsawar turɓaya a bayan madatsar ruwa ta Aswan. Dalilai na biyu sun haɗa da raguwa, hauhawar matakin teku, da kuma karfi na bakin teku.

 An kafa Kogin Shatt al-Arab lokacin da Kogin Shamt al-Arabic ya shiga cikin Tekun Farisa. Kogin da kansa ya samo asali ne daga haɗuwa da kogin Tigris da Yufiretis. Ragewar ruwan sha da ke shiga kogi saboda ban ruwa kuma, saboda haka, raguwar nauyin laka ya kara lalacewar bakin teku na delta. Tsarin ruwa da hauhawar matakin teku suma suna taka rawa a cikin asarar delta.

 An kafa Volga Delta lokacin da Kogin Volga ya shiga cikin Tekun Caspian a Rasha. Ya sami ƙasa tare da faduwa a matakin Tekun Caspian. Kamar yadda matakin ruwa ya sake tashi a cikin shekaru ashirin da suka gabata, delta har yanzu bai sami wani asarar ba. Kamar yadda aka bayyana kalmomin da ke sama, delta ya sami asarar wuri amma ba asarar ƙasa ba.

 An kafa Kogin Yellow River Delta yayin da Kogin Yellow ke gudana cikin Tekun Yellow. Kogin Yellow yana gudana ta hanyar Loess Plateau kuma yana ɗauke da adadi mai yawa na laka. Har zuwa 1998, Kogin Yellow yana fadada, amma yana raguwa tun daga lokacin. An gina madatsun ruwa da yawa a kan Kogin Yellow kuma suna fama da yunwa a bakin tekun.

•An kafa Yukon River Delta lokacin da kogin Yukon da Kuskokwim suka shiga cikin Tekun Bering a Alaska. Delta yana fuskantar barazanar hauhawar matakin teku; karuwar 0.5 m zai kara lalacewa saboda raƙuman ruwa mafi girma. Yankunan ambaliyar ruwa marasa aiki inda raƙuman ruwa da ƙimar sedimentation ba su cikin daidaituwa sun fi haɗari.

•An kafa Kogin Zambezi Delta lokacin da Kogin Zambèzi ya shiga Mozambique Channel daga gabar gabashin Afirka. Ginin madatsar ruwan Kariba, madatsar ruwa ta Cahora Bassa, da kuma dyke sun canza ambaliyar ruwa da kuma zubar da turɓaya. Yankin bakin tekun Delta yana cikin yanayin lalacewa saboda yunwa da kuma saurin tashi a matakin teku.

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