Cinikin mutane a Iraki

Iraki ta tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar TIP ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta 2000 a watan Fabrairun 2009.

A shekara ta 2010, Iraki ta kasance ƙasa ce mai tushe da kuma makoma ga maza, mata, da yara da ke fuskantar fataucin mutane, musamman tilasta karuwanci da aikin tilas. Mata da 'yan mata na Iraqi, wasu tun suna da shekaru 11, sun fuskanci yanayin fataucin mutane a cikin ƙasar da kuma a Masar, Lebanon, Jordan, Bahrain, Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa, Turkiyya, Qatar, kuma mai yiwuwa Saudi Arabia don tilasta karuwanci da cin zarafin jima'i a cikin gidaje."Trafficking in Persons Report 2010 Country Narratives - Countries G Through M". US Department of State. 2010-06-18. Archived from the original on 2010-06-18. Retrieved 2023-02-14. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

A wasu lokuta, an ja hankalin mata zuwa cin zarafin jima'i ta hanyar alkawarin aiki na ƙarya. Hanyar da ta fi dacewa ta fataucin mutane ta hanyar siyarwa ko auren tilasta. 'Yan uwa sun tilasta wa' yan mata da mata cikin karuwanci don guje wa yanayin tattalin arziki, biyan basussuka, ko warware rikice-rikice tsakanin iyalai. Wasu mata da 'yan mata an fataucin su a cikin Iraki don manufar cin zarafin jima'i ta hanyar al'adun gargajiya na auren wucin gadi (muta'a). A karkashin wannan tsari, iyalin suna karɓar sadaki daga mijin kuma an dakatar da auren bayan wani lokaci. Har ila yau, mazajen Iraki sun yi amfani da muta'a don siyar da mata da yawa zuwa wasu lardunan Iraki ko ƙasashe makwabta, musamman Siriya, don dalilai na tilasta karuwanci. Rahotanni sun ba da labarin cewa iyalai na Iraqi da ke fama da matsananciyar damuwa sun watsar da 'ya'yansu a kan iyakar Siriya tare da tsammanin cewa masu fataucin mutane a bangaren Siriya za su karbe su kuma su shirya takardun karya don haka matasan mata da 'yan mata su zauna a Siriya don musayar yin aiki a cikin gidan rawa ko gidan karuwai. Yawan Mutanen da suka rasa muhallinsu a cikin gida da 'yan gudun hijira da ke motsawa a cikin Iraki da kuma fadin iyakokinta suna cikin haɗarin fataucin mutane.United Nations Treaty Collection website, Chapter XVIII Penal Matters section, Section 12a, retrieved August 19, 2024

A shekara ta 2010 Iraki ta kasance ƙasa ce ga maza da mata waɗanda suka yi ƙaura daga Siriya, Indiya, Indonesia, China, Yemen, Najeriya, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Falasdinu, Turkiyya, da Uganda kuma daga baya an sanya su cikin yanayin aikin tilas kamar ma'aikatan gini, masu tsaro, masu tsabtace, ma'aikatan hannu, da ma'aikatan gida. Irin waɗannan maza da mata galibi sun ba da rahoton cewa ma'aikatansu sun kwace fasfo da takardun hukuma, sun ki girmama kwangilar aiki, kuma sun yi barazanar korar su a matsayin hanyar kiyaye su a cikin yanayin tilasta aiki. Wasu gwamnatoci sun haramta wa 'yan ƙasarsu yin aiki a Iraki. Wadannan haramtacciyar ba su da tasiri, duk da haka, kamar yadda yawancin ma'aikata masu ƙaura da masu ba da sabis suka kewaye doka. Wasu daga cikin wadannan baƙi na ƙasashen waje an ɗauke su aiki a wasu ƙasashe kamar Jordan ko Jihohin Larabawa na Tekun Farisa amma an tilasta su ko tilasta su su yi tafiya zuwa Iraki, inda aka kwace fasfo ɗinsu kuma aka hana su albashinsu, don biyan masu ba da sabis don farashin daukar ma'aikata, sufuri, da abinci da masauki. Sauran baƙi na ƙasashen waje sun san cewa an ƙaddara su zuwa Iraki amma da zarar sun shiga ƙasar, sun gano cewa sharuddan aiki ba abin da suke tsammani ba ne ko kuma ayyukan da aka yi musu alkawari ba su wanzu ba, kuma sun fuskanci tilastawa da mummunar lahani, kudi ko in ba haka ba, idan sun yi ƙoƙari su bar. A wani lamari da ya fito a cikin shekara ta 2009, an tilasta wa mata 14 na Uganda aiki a Iraki. An gaya wa waɗannan mata cewa za su yi aiki a sansanonin soja na Amurka a matsayin ma'aikatan gida, kodayake babu 'yan kwangila na Amurka ko masu kwangila da ke da hannu wajen kawo su Iraki. Bayan isowa, an tura mata don aiki a matsayin ma'aikatan gida ga iyalai masu zaman kansu na Iraqi kuma sun sami albashi mafi ƙanƙanta. Wasu daga cikin matan an kulle su a cikin ɗakuna, an sace fasfo ɗinsu, kuma ko dai wakilin daukar ma'aikata ko mai aiki sun yi musu fyade a jiki ko jima'i, ayyukan da za a iya amfani da su don kiyaye su a cikin tilasta musu hidima.

 Shari'a (2010) 
Gwamnati ta sami ci gaba kaɗan a kokarin tilasta bin doka na yaki da fataucin mutane a cikin shekarar da ta gabata. Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Iraki na 2005 ya haramta aikin tilas, Bautar, Cinikin bayi, fataucin mata ko yara, da cinikin jima'i, kodayake Kundin Tsarin mulki bai ba da takamaiman hukunci ga waɗannan ayyukan ba kuma ba za a iya amfani da shi don gurfanar da masu laifi ba. Gwamnatin Iraki ba ta riga ta zartar da dokar hana fataucin mutane ba; duk da haka, an ba da rahoton cewa dokar ta ci gaba ta hanyar Majalisar Shura. Kodayake babu wata doka da ta bayyana fataucin mutane ko kuma ta kafa shi a matsayin laifi, tanadi daban-daban na dokar Iraqi sun shafi fataucin. A cikin watanni shida da suka gabata, gwamnatin Iraqi ta fara bincike kan masu aikata laifuka da na kare hakkin dan adam game da zargin aikata laifukan fataucin ma'aikata, wanda ya haifar da bayar da takardun kamawa guda biyu. Babu wata hanyar da za a tattara bayanai game da laifuka ko tilasta aiki. Akwai wasu shaidu na hadin kai a fataucin da jami'ai suka yi. Binciken da ake zargi da fataucin da ya shafi darektan mafaka na mata a yankin KRG a shekarar da ta gabata ba a kammala shi ba a lokacin wannan rahoton

 Karewa (2010) 
Gwamnatin Iraqi ta nuna ƙaramin ƙoƙari don tabbatar da cewa an ba wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane damar samun sabis na kariya a lokacin rahoton. Iraki ba ta da tsari na yau da kullun don gano wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane tsakanin kungiyoyi masu rauni, kamar mata da aka kama saboda karuwanci ko ma'aikatan kasashen waje da masu ba da izini suka shigo da su zuwa Iraki, wasu daga cikinsu an ruwaito sun samar da ma'aikata ga 'yan kwangila da' yan kwangila na Amurka. Gwamnati ba ta ba da kuɗin ko da mafaka na wucin gadi ga wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane ba, kuma ba ta nuna ƙoƙari don haɓaka ko aiwatar da hanyoyin da jami'an gwamnati ke tura wadanda ke fama leken asiri ga kungiyoyin da ke ba da sabis na shari'a, likita, ko na tunani ba. Koyaya, ma'aikatu biyu suna tura tsofaffi da yara zuwa gwajin likita idan sun ba da rahoton cin zarafi; ana bincika rahotanni game da cin zarafin yara, kodayake ba a san sakamakon waɗannan binciken ba. Dukkanin kulawa ana gudanar da su ne ta hanyar kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, waɗanda ke gudanar da wuraren kula da wadanda aka azabtar da su da kuma mafaka ga wadanda aka yi wa fataucin mutane. Saboda tilasta ba a gane shi a kotunan Iraqi a matsayin kariya ta shari'a don shiga cikin wani abu ba bisa ka'ida ba, an gurfanar da mata da aka tilasta su cikin karuwanci kuma an yanke musu hukunci. An bayar da rahoton cewa an gurfanar da wadanda ke fama da fataucin jima'i saboda karuwanci kuma wasu sun kwashe watanni da yawa a tsare suna jiran shari'a. A cikin 'yan shari'o'in da aka sani na yara da aka tilasta su shiga aikin soja, an gurfanar da yaran da aka azabtar saboda laifuffukan ta'addanci. An sanya wasu wadanda ke fama da fataucin yara a wuraren kariya, gidajen marayu, da kulawa, yayin da aka sanya wasu a cibiyoyin tsare yara. Tun da ba a kafa fataucin mutane a matsayin laifi a Iraki ba, gwamnati ba ta karfafa wadanda abin ya shafa su taimaka a bincike ko gurfanar da su. Wadanda ke fama da cutar ba su da kariya ta doka game da cirewa zuwa ƙasashe inda za su iya fuskantar wahala ko fansa. Iraki ba ta taimaka wa wadanda ke fama da fataucin kasashen waje ba ta hanyar samar da matsayin zama na wucin gadi ko na dindindin ko wani taimako daga korar su. Babu wani shirin Maidowa da wadanda abin ya shafa. A watan Agustan shekara ta 2009, gwamnatin Iraqi ta taimaka wajen dawowa da matan Uganda 14 da aka tilasta aiki a Iraki. Iraki ba ta ba da horo na musamman ga jami'an gwamnati don gano wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane ba. Bugu da ƙari, gwamnati ta hana izinin wata kungiya mai zaman kanta ta ziyarci gidan yarin mata na Baghdad, inda kungiyar mai zaman kanta a baya ta gano wadanda aka yi wa fataucin mutane a cikin matan da aka tsare saboda laifuka da aka aikata sakamakon fataucin.

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