Canjin yanayi a Lesotho

Lesotho ƙasa ce a kudancin Afirka wacce ta riga ta fuskanci mummunan tasirin canjin yanayi, gami da karuwar yawan matsanancin yanayi, kamar fari, karuwar yawan lalacewar ƙasa da hamada, da rage yawan amfanin ƙasa. Lesotho ƙasa ce da ba ta da iyaka wacce ke da mummunar tasiri na canjin yanayi da canje-canje a cikin ruwa da Tsaro na abinci, da kuma mummunan yanayi ga kiwon lafiya, mazaunan mutane, da kuma bangaren makamashi.

Babban bushewa a Lesotho, haɗe da lokutan fari mai tsanani, yana kara asarar bambancin halittu, lalacewar filayen, da raguwar amfanin gona da yawan dabbobi saboda hamada. Wadannan kalubalen suna taimakawa ga karuwar rauni a kasar."World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal". climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org. Retrieved December 17, 2023.

 Rashin iskar gas 
Climate Trace ya kiyasta fitar da iskar gas ga Lesotho a cikin 2022 a tan miliyan 2.62, tare da kusan rabin daga noma,  Kamar yadda yawan mutanen Lesotho ya kai kimanin miliyan 2.2 wannan kusan tan 1.2 ne a kowace shekara ga kowane mutum, wanda ke ƙasa da matsakaicin duniya na kimanin tan 6.5.  Kimanin hukuma na shekara ta 2017 ya kai tan miliyan 5.66, wanda kuma ya fi ƙasa da matsakaicin duniya ga kowane mutum. : 19 : 19 

 Yanayin yanayi 
Kasar tana da hunturu mai sanyi da lokacin rani mai zafi. Matsakaicin zafin jiki ya kasance daga 0 ° C zuwa 30 ° C, dangane da tsawo. Lesotho na iya zama mafi zafi da bushewa a duk yanayin da aka tsara a nan gaba."World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal". climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org. Retrieved December 17, 2023.  


 Tasirin a kan manyan fannoni 
Babban bangarorin Lesotho kamar noma, ruwa, makamashi, da kiwon lafiya suna da rauni ga canjin yanayi.

 Aikin noma 
Bangaren noma shine kashin bayan tattalin arzikin kasar Lesotho kuma yana da matukar rauni ga sauyin yanayi. Tuni dai fannin ke fuskantar raunin yanayi tare da fari, ambaliya, kwari, da matsanancin yanayin zafi da ke faruwa akai-akai. An kira zaman lafiyar abinci a Lesotho. Kashi 30% na masara, wanda shine babban abincin da ake nomawa, ake nomawa a kasar. Noman da aka fi samun ruwan sama ya sa Lesotho ta zama mai saurin kamuwa da illolin fari. Domin biyan bukatar abinci na cikin gida, Lesotho ta dogara ne kan shigo da masara daga makwabciyarta ta Afirka ta Kudu. Farashin masara a Lesotho yana da tasiri sosai akan farashin a Afirka ta Kudu. Idan aka yi la’akari da kusancin da ke tsakanin kasashen biyu, akwai yiwuwar fari da ya addabi Lesotho zai yi tasiri a Afirka ta Kudu ma. Wannan zai haifar da raguwar samar da kayayyaki a kasashen biyu. Wannan yanayin ya faru a baya, kamar a cikin 2007 lokacin da fari mafi muni da tauraron dan adam ya taɓa faruwa ya shafi Lesotho da Afirka ta Kudu lokaci guda. Sakamakon haka, fari ya haifar da gazawar amfanin gona a kasashen biyu, wanda ya haifar da raguwar noman masara da ake fitarwa zuwa Lesotho..

albarkatun ruwa na Lesotho suna da matukar damuwa ga tasirin canjin yanayi. Kasar ta riga ta fuskanci raguwar wadatar ruwa saboda fari da karuwar bukatar ruwa saboda karuwar yawan jama'a."Climate Risk Country Profile - Lesotho - Lesotho | ReliefWeb". reliefweb.int. August 14, 2021. Retrieved December 17, 2023. Yanayin Lesotho yana da alamun bayyanar lokutan bushewa da lokutan ruwan sama a tarihin da aka rubuta. Wadannan sauye-sauyen yanayi sun yi tasiri sosai a kan muhalli. Tasirin da ke tattare da lokacin bushewa sun haɗa da karancin abinci, yunwa, barkewar cututtuka, mamayewar tsire-tsire da ba na asali ba da kwari masu lalatawa, guguwar ƙura, da kuma farawar lalacewa ta koguna. Mafi tsawo bushewa a cikin rikodin shekaru 200 ya faru ne tsakanin 1991 da 1995 . An tsara Lesotho don canza yanayin zafin jiki da hazo, wanda ke haifar da yanayin bushewa da zafi. Ana sa ran tsananin da kuma yawan abubuwan da suka faru kamar ambaliyar ruwa da fari za su karu, musamman a yamma da arewacin ƙasashe. Abubuwan da ke cikin ruwa za su shafi mummunan ruwan sama da karuwar zafin jiki, wanda ke haifar da ƙimar evaporation, raguwar runoff, da raguwar sake cika ruwan kasa. Yanayin Rangeland na iya lalacewa kuma a ƙarshe za a ƙasƙantar da shi ta hanyar sauye-sauyen yanayi, yana tasiri ga ingancin dabbobi da kayan dabbobi. dazuzzukan da ke akwai na iya canzawa zuwa nau'ikan busasshiyar ƙasa, yayin da samar da aikin gona zai ragu, wanda zai haifar da karancin abinci. Lesotho tana tsaye a matsayin al'umma daya tilo a duniya tare da duk ƙasar da ke sama da mita 1000. An rufe shi gaba ɗaya da Afirka ta Kudu, yana cikin mafi girman matsayi na Drakensberg escarpment a kan iyakar gabashin filin Afirka ta Kudu.   

 Makamashi 
Sashin makamashi na Lesotho yana da matukar damuwa ga tasirin canjin yanayi. Kasar ta riga ta fuskanci raguwar samar da wutar lantarki saboda raguwar wadatar ruwa. Fiye da 95% na wutar lantarki da aka cinye a Lesotho daga wutar lantarki ce (MEMWA, 2013). Irish Aid, Irish Aid (November 2015). "LESOTHO CLIMATE ACTI ON REPORT" (PDF). Irish Aid.

 Manazarta