Tasirin muhalli na noman dabbobi

Tasirin muhalli na noman dabbobi ya bambanta saboda yawancin ayyukan noma da ake amfani da su a duniya. Duk da haka, an gano duk ayyukan noma suna da tasiri iri-iri ga muhalli zuwa wani lokaci. Noman dabbobi, musamman samar da nama, na iya haifar da gurɓata yanayi, hayaki mai gurbata muhalli, hasarar rayayyun halittu, cututtuka, da yawan cin ƙasa, abinci, da ruwa. Ana samun nama ta hanyoyi daban-daban, da suka hada da noman kwayoyin halitta, noma kyauta, yawan kiwo, da noman abinci. Bangaren kiwo kuma ya hada da ulu, noman kwai da kiwo, da dabbobin da ake amfani da su wajen noma, da noman kifi.

Noma na dabba yana ba da gudummawa mai mahimmanci ga fitar da iskar gas. Shanu, tumaki, da sauran namomin jeji na narkar da abincinsu ta hanyar ɓarkewar ciki, kuma burbushinsu shine babban tushen hayakin methane daga amfani da ƙasa, canjin amfanin ƙasa, da kuma ddazuzzuka.https://www.rfi.fr/ha/shirye-shirye/muhallinka-rayuwarka/20241123-tsarin-noma-mai-%C9%97orewa-don-magance-%C6%99arancin-abinci-da-baiwa-muhalli-kariya-a-najeriya Tare da methane da nitrous oxide daga taki, wannan ya sa dabbobi su zama tushen fitar da iskar gas daga noma.Scanes, Colin G. (2018). "Chapter 18 - Impact of Agricultural Animals on the Environment". Animals and Human Society. Academic Press. pp. 427–449. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-805247-1.00025-3. ISBN 978-0-12-805247-1 Rage yawan cin nama yana da mahimmanci don rage sauyin yanayi, musamman yayin da yawan bil'adama ya karu da kimanin biliyan 2.3 a tsakiyar karni.Eisen, Michael B.; Brown, Patrick O. (2022-02-01). "Rapid global phaseout of animal agriculture has the potential to stabilize greenhouse gas levels for 30 years and offset 68 percent of CO2 emissions this century". PLOS Climate. 1 (2): e0000010. doi:10.1371/journal.pclm.0000010. ISSN 2767-3200. S2CID 246499803.

 Abubuwan amfani da abubuwan samarwa 
Nazarin da yawa sun gano cewa haɓakar cin nama a halin yanzu yana da alaƙa da haɓakar yawan ɗan adam da hauhawar kuɗin shiga na mutum ɗaya ko GDP, sabili da haka, tasirin muhalli na samar da nama da cinyewa zai karu sai dai idan halayen yanzu sun canza.Parlasca, Martin C.; Qaim, Matin (5 October 2022). "Meat Consumption and Sustainability". Annual Review of Resource Economics. 14: 17–41. doi:10.1146/annurev-resource-111820-032340. ISSN 1941-1340.

Canje-canje na buƙatun nama zai yi tasiri ga yawan abin da ake samarwa, don haka canza tasirin muhalli na samar da nama. An yi kiyasin cewa cin nama a duniya na iya ninka sau biyu daga shekara ta 2000 zuwa 2050, galibi sakamakon karuwar yawan al'ummar duniya, amma kuma wani bangare saboda karuwar yawan cin naman kowane mutum (tare da karuwar yawan cin naman kowane mutum yana faruwa a kasashe masu tasowa).FAO. 2006. World agriculture: towards 2030/2050. Prospects for food, nutrition, agriculture and major commodity groups. Interim report. Global Perspectives Unit, United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization. 71 pp. An yi hasashen yawan mutanen zai karu zuwa biliyan 9 nan da shekarar 2050, kuma ana sa ran noman nama zai karu da kashi 40%. Samar da naman kaji a duniya yana karuwa kwanan nan fiye da kashi 5% a shekara. Yawan cin nama yana ƙaruwa yayin da mutane da ƙasashe ke ƙaruwa.Ritchie, Hannah; Roser, Max (2017-08-25). "Meat and Dairy Production". Our World in Data Hanyoyi kuma sun bambanta tsakanin sassan dabbobi. Alal misali, cin naman alade a duniya ya karu kwanan nan (kusan gaba ɗaya saboda canje-canjen da ake samu a cikin kasar Sin), yayin da cin naman naman da aka yi amfani da shi a duniya ya ragu.FAO. 2006. World agriculture: towards 2030/2050. Prospects for food, nutrition, agriculture and major commodity groups. Interim report. Global Perspectives Unit, United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization. 71 pp.

 Ingantaccen samar da abinci 
Kimanin kashi 85 cikin 100 na noman waken soya na duniya ana sarrafa su zuwa abinci da kuma man kayan lambu, kuma kusan dukkanin wannan abincin ana amfani da su wajen ciyar da dabbobi. Kusan kashi 6% na waken soya ana amfani da su kai tsaye azaman abincin ɗan adam, galibi a Asiya.

A cikin kowane kilogiram 100 na abinci da aka yi wa ɗan adam daga amfanin gona, ana samar da nau'ikan kilogiram 37 waɗanda ba su dace da amfani da ɗan adam kai tsaye ba. Kasashe da yawa sai su mayar da wadannan amfanin gona da ba za a iya ci ba a matsayin abincin dabbobi. Kiwon dabbobi don amfanin ɗan adam ya kai kusan kashi 40% na yawan amfanin gona a ƙasashe masu arzikin masana'antu. Haka kuma, ingancin samar da nama ya bambanta dangane da takamaiman tsarin samarwa, da kuma nau'in abinci. Yana iya buƙatar ko'ina daga 0.9 da 7.9 na hatsi don samar da kilo 1 na naman sa, tsakanin kilogiram 0.1 zuwa 4.3 na hatsi don samar da kilo 1 na naman alade, da 0 zuwa 3.5 na hatsi don samar da kilo 1 na kaza.

Manyan kamfanoni suna sayen filaye a kasashe masu tasowa daban-daban a Latin Amurka da Asiya don tallafawa yawan noman noman abincin dabbobi, galibi masara da waken soya. Wannan al’adar tana rage yawan filayen noman amfanin gona da za su iya amfani da su a cikin wadannan kasashe, yana jefa al’ummar yankin cikin hadarin samun abinci.

Wani bincike da aka gudanar a Jiangsu na kasar Sin ya nuna cewa, mutanen da ke da karin kudin shiga sukan fi cin abinci fiye da wadanda ke da karancin kudin shiga da kuma iyalai masu yawa. Don haka, da wuya wadanda ke aikin noman abincin dabbobi a wadannan yankuna ba su cinye naman da suke cin amfanin gonakin da suke nomawa ba. Rashin sarari don noman amfanin gona don cinyewa, tare da buƙatar ciyar da iyalai masu yawa, yana ƙara ta'azzara rashin abinci.Zheng, Zhihao; Henneberry, Shida Rastegari (2010). "The Impact of Changes in Income Distribution on Current and Future Food Demand in Urban China". Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics. 35 (1): 51–71. ISSN 1068-5502. JSTOR 23243036

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