McKinley Burnett

McKinley Burnett (9 ga Janairu, 1897  - 24 ga Yuli, 1968 ) ɗan gwagwarmayar Amurka ne. Ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin Brown v. Hukumar Ilimi ta Topeka a matsayin Shugaban Topeka NAACP ta hanyar daukar iyalan Topeka 13 don shiga cikin aikin kotu.

 Rayuwa ta farko 
An haifi McKinley Langford Burnett a Oskaloosa, Kansas a shekara ta 1897. A cikin shekarun da yake girma ya fuskanci ayyukan nuna bambanci da yawa. A makaranta ba a yarda ya shiga cikin wasan kwaikwayo sai dai idan ya kasance mai rawa, a cikin Sojoji a matsayin soja an nuna masa wariya, kuma a matsayin magatakarda na kayan aiki ga Gwamnatin Tsohon Sojoji yana da iyakoki da yawa saboda launin fatarsa. Ya so ya yi wani abu game da wannan, don kawo karshen nuna bambanci ga 'Yan Afirka na Afirka.

A shekara ta 1948, Burnett ya zama Shugaban reshen Topeka na NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Coloured People). Ya mai da hankali a matsayin shugaban kasa kan kawar da makarantun gwamnati a Topeka, Kansas. Shekaru biyu ya gudanar da tarurruka kuma ya rubuta wasiƙu, yana ƙoƙarin shawo kan hukumar makarantar don haɗa makarantu. Sun ci gaba da ƙin yarda.

 Brown v. Hukumar Ilimi 
A cikin 1950, Burnett ya ɗauki ƙoƙarinsa zuwa matakin na gaba. Ya sanar da hukumar makarantar idan ba su raba makarantu ba, shi tare da NAACP za su je kotu. Kwamitin makarantar ya yi watsi da barazanar. Don haka NAACP ta dauki hukumar makarantar Topeka zuwa kotu.

Burnett da kansa ya dauki iyalai goma sha uku na Afirka don ƙoƙarin yin rajistar yaransu a makarantun fararen fata na Topeka don farkon semester na 1950. Dukkanin yara 20 an hana su shiga. A watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1951, NAACP ta shigar da kara. An yi ƙoƙari goma sha ɗaya kafin kawo ƙarshen rarrabewa a Kansas.

Shekaru uku bayan an shigar da karar, Kotun Koli ta sake duba karar. An kira karar Brown v. Hukumar Ilimi. A duk lokacin sauraro da muhawara, Burnett ya halarci duka. Babban Alkalin Earl Warren ya gabatar da hukuncin Kotun Koli: "Mun kammala cewa a fagen ilimin jama'a koyarwar 'raba amma daidai' ba ta da wuri. Cibiyoyin ilimi daban-daban ba su da daidaito.

An nakalto McKinley Burnett yana cewa, "Ina cewa, 'na gode wa Allah ga Kotun Koli.'"

 Rayuwa ta baya 
Burnett ya ci gaba da aikinsa a matsayin shugaban NAACP har zuwa 1963. Ya mutu a ranar 24 ga Yuli, 1968, yana da shekaru 71. A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, 2001, an sake sunan Cibiyar Gudanar da Makarantun Jama'a ta Topeka don girmama shi.

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Mutuwan 1968
Rukuni:Haifaffun 1897