Greenhouse gas

Gas din Greenhouse ( GHGs ) su ne iskar da ke cikin wani yanayi da ke danne zafi, wanda ke kara yawan zafin jiki na sararin samaniya kamar duniya. Ba kamar sauran iskar gas ba, iskar gas ɗin da ke haifar da iska tana ɗaukar radiyon da duniya ke fitarwa, wanda ke haifar da tasirin greenhouse .  Duniya tana ɗumama da hasken rana, wanda ke sa samanta ya haskaka zafi, wanda mafi yawa daga cikin iskar gas ke mamaye shi. Idan ba tare da iskar gas a cikin yanayi ba, matsakaicin zafin jiki na saman duniya zai kasance kusan ,  maimakon matsakaicin halin yanzu na  .  

Gishiri biyar mafi yawa a cikin yanayin duniya, waɗanda aka jera a cikin raguwar tsari na matsakaicin ɓangaren duniya, sune:  tururin ruwa, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone. Sauran iskar gas din da ke damun sun hada da chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs da HCFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbures, SF6, da NF3. Rashin ruwa yana haifar da kusan rabin tasirin greenhouse, yana aiki don mayar da martani ga wasu iskar gas a matsayin ra'ayi na canjin yanay

Ayyukan ɗan adam tun farkon juyin juya halin masana'antu (kusan 1750) sun haɓaka carbon dioxide sama da 50%,  da matakan methane da 150%.  Iskar carbon dioxide yana haifar da kusan kashi uku cikin hudu na dumamar yanayi, yayin da iskar methane ke haifar da yawancin sauran.  Mafi rinjayen iskar carbon dioxide da mutane ke fitarwa suna fitowa ne daga konewar albarkatun mai,  tare da ragowar gudummawar da aka samu daga noma da masana'antu .  Hatsarin methane ya samo asali ne daga noma, samar da man fetur, sharar gida, da dai sauransu.  Tsarin carbon yana ɗaukar dubban shekaru don ɗaukar CO  gaba ɗaya daga yanayin,  yayin da methane ya kasance a cikin yanayi na matsakaicin shekaru 12 kawai. 


 Halitta da hanyoyin 
alt=refer to caption and adjacent text|right|thumb|Rashin sha da warwatsewar yanayi a nau'o'i daban-daban na raƙuman lantarki. Mafi girman rukunin sha na carbon dioxide ba shi da nisa da matsakaicin fitarwa daga ƙasa, kuma yana rufe taga na nuna gaskiya na ruwa - yana bayanin babban tasirin zafi na carbon dioxide.
Gas din greenhouse suna aiki ne na infrared, ma'ana suna shanyewa da fitar da radiation na infrared a cikin wannan tsawo mai tsawo kamar yadda abin da ke fitowa daga farfajiyar Duniya, girgije da yanayi. 

Kashi 99% na busasshen yanayi na Duniya (ban da tururin ruwa ) ya ƙunshi nitrogen ( N2 ) (78%) da oxygen ( O2 ) (21%). Saboda kwayoyin halittarsu suna dauke da kwayoyin halitta guda biyu guda biyu, ba su da asymmetry wajen rarraba cajin wutar lantarkin su,  don haka kusan ba su shafe su ta hanyar infrared thermal radiation,  tare da wani ɗan ƙaramin tasiri kawai daga haɗuwa ta haifar da haɗuwa .    Ƙarin 0.9% na yanayi yana samuwa ta hanyar argon (Ar), wanda shine monatomic, kuma don haka gaba daya a bayyane ga radiation ta thermal. A daya bangaren kuma, carbon dioxide (0.04%), methane, nitrous oxide da ma iskar iskar iskar gas ba ta kai kashi 0.1% na iskar duniya ba, amma saboda kwayoyin halittarsu na dauke da kwayoyin zarra na abubuwa daban-daban, akwai asymmetry a rarraba cajin wutar lantarki wanda ke ba da damar girgizar kwayoyin don yin mu’amala da hasken lantarki. Wannan yana sa su infrared aiki, don haka kasancewar su yana haifar da tasirin greenhouse. 

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