Canjin yanayi a Tuvalu

Canjin yanayi yana da barazana ga zama na dogon lokaci na tsibirin tsibirin Tuvalu, wanda ke da yanki na  kilomita 26 kawai (10 sq  da matsakaicin tsawo na kasa da mita 2 (6.6  sama da matakin teku, tare da mafi girman matsayi na Niulakita yana da kimanin mita 4.6 (15  sama le matakin teku. Halin da zai iya yi wa kasar saboda canjin yanayi ya haɗa da hauhawar matakan teku, guguwa mai tsanani na wurare masu zafi, yanayin zafi mai yawa, da fari. Tsuntsayen sarki (Perigean spring tide) na iya haɗuwa da guguwar guguwa da hauhawar matakin teku don ambaliya a ƙananan tsibirai.

An yi la'akari da Tuvalu a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashe na farko da za su iya yin tasiri sosai ta hanyar hauhawar matakin teku saboda Canjin yanayi na duniya. Dangane da wasu kimantawa, mafi girman raƙuman ruwa na iya ambaliya a kai a kai 50% na yankin ƙasar babban birnin Funafuti a tsakiyar karni na 21, da kuma 95% ta 2100. Tebur mai ruwan gishiri mai tasowa na iya lalata amfanin gona mai zurfi kamar kwakwa, pulaka, da taro kafin ambaliyar ruwa ta mamaye su. A halin yanzu, wani binciken 2018 daga Jami'ar Auckland ya ba da shawarar cewa Tuvalu na iya ci gaba da zama a cikin karni na gaba, gano cewa tsibirin ƙasar sun girma a cikin yanki gaba ɗaya a cikin shekarun da suka gabata, kodayake marubutan sun jaddada cewa "Canjin yanayi ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan barazanar muhalli ga rayuwar da jin daɗin mutanen Pacific" kuma cewa "hawan matakin teku da canjin yanayi suna barazana ga kasancewar ƙasashen tsibirin"

The Human Rights Measurement Initiative  ya gano cewa rikicin yanayi ya kara tsananta yanayin haƙƙin ɗan adam a Tuvalu sosai (5.4 daga 6).  Masana kare hakkin dan adam sun ba da cewa rikicin yanayi ya shafi abinci, ruwa, da tsaro na gidaje da kuma tilasta ƙaura. 

Ikon samar da PV da aka shigar a Funafuti a cikin shekara ta 2020 ya kasance 735 kW idan aka kwatanta da 1800 kW na dizal (16% shiga).   

Hukumar Kula da Geoscience ta Kudancin Pacific (SOPAC) ta ba da shawarar cewa, yayin da Tuvalu ke da rauni ga canjin yanayi, matsalolin muhalli kamar ci gaban yawan jama'a da rashin kula da bakin teku suma suna shafar ci gaba mai ɗorewa. SOPAC ta sanya kasar a matsayin mai matukar rauni ta amfani da Cibiyar Kula da Muhalli.

 Rashin iskar gas 
A ranar 27 ga  watan Nuwamba, shekara ta 2015 Gwamnatin Tuvalu ta ba da sanarwar gudummawar da ta yi niyya a cikin kasa (INDCs) dangane da rage iskar gas (GHGs) a karkashin tanadin Yarjejeniyar Tsarin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Canjin Yanayi (UNFCCC): 

 Tasirin yanayi 
Tuvalu tana fuskantar ƙalubale ga yanayin halitta wanda canjin yanayi zai kara tsanantawa: Rushewar bakin teku, shigar da Ruwan gishiri da karuwar cututtukan da ke dauke da ruwa saboda hauhawar matakin teku.

 Tsarin yanayi da ke shafar Tuvalu 
Tuvalu ta shiga cikin ayyukan Sakatariyar Shirin Muhalli na Yankin Pacific (SPREP).  Yanayin yankin Pacific a ma'auni yana da tasiri daga dalilai da yawa; kimiyya ce ta ci gaba da bincike.

 Manazarta