Yarjejeniya ta 'Yancin Dan Adam da 'Yanci

Yarjejeniya ta Afirka kan haƙƙin ɗan adam da jama'a (kuma aka sani da Yarjejeniya Banjul) kayan aiki ne na ƙasa da ƙasa na kare haƙƙin ɗan adam wanda aka yi niyya don haɓakawa da kare haƙƙin ɗan adam da 'yancin ɗan adam a cikin nahiyar Afirka.

Ta bullo ne a karkashin inuwar Kungiyar Hadin Kan Afirka (Tun lokacin da Tarayyar Afirka ta maye gurbinsa) wanda a Majalisar shugabannin kasashe da gwamnatocinta na shekarar 1979, ta zartar da wani kuduri da ke kira da a kafa kwamitin kwararru don tsara wani na'urar kare hakkin bil'adama ta nahiyar baki daya, kwatankwacin wanda ya riga ya wanzu a Turai (Yarjejeniyar Turai kan 'Yancin Bil'adama) da Amurka (Amurka). An kafa wannan kwamiti bisa tsari, kuma ya fitar da wani daftarin da aka amince da shi gaba daya a babban taron OAU na 18 da aka yi a watan Yunin 1981, a birnin Nairobi na kasar Kenya.African Charter on Human and People's Rights" (PDF). Organisation of African Unity. 1981. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-03-02. Retrieved 2021-02-07. Bisa ga labarin na 63 (wanda zai fara aiki watanni uku bayan liyafar da babban sakataren Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na kayan aikin tabbatarwa ko kuma riko da mafi rinjaye) na kasashe mambobin OAU), Yarjejeniya ta Afirka kan Hakkokin Dan Adam da Jama'a ta fara aiki ne a ranar 21 ga Oktoba 1986 – don girmama ranar 21 ga Oktoban Afirka da aka ayyana ranar 'yancin ɗan adam ""1: Resolution on the Celebration of an African Day of Human Rights / Resolutions / 5th Ordinary Session / ACHPR". www.achpr.org. Archived from the original on 2012-07-19. Retrieved 2018-01-17 Afirka.

Sa ido da fassarar Yarjejeniya aiki ne na Hukumar Haƙƙin Bil Adama da Jama'a ta Afirka, wadda aka kafa a ranar 2 ga Nuwamba, 1987 a Addis Ababa (PM Ebbaa.A), Habasha, kuma yanzu tana da hedkwata a Banjul, Gambia.[3] Daga baya aka amince da wata yarjejeniya ta Yarjejeniya a cikin 1998 inda za a kafa Kotun Kotu akan 'Yancin Dan Adam da Jama'a na Afirka. Yarjejeniyar ta fara aiki ne a ranar 25 ga Janairun 2004.

A watan Yulin 2004, Majalisar AU ta yanke shawarar cewa za a shigar da ACHP cikin kotun shari'a ta Afirka. A watan Yulin 2005, Majalisar AU ta yanke shawarar cewa ACHP ta fara aiki duk da cewa yarjejeniyar da aka kafa kotun shari'ar Afirka ba ta fara aiki ba. A kan haka ne zaman taro na takwas na majalisar zartarwar kungiyar Tarayyar Afirka a birnin Khartoum na kasar Sudan, a ranar 22 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2006, ya zabi alkalan kotunan kare hakkin bil'adama da al'ummar Afirka na farko. Har yanzu ba a tantance dangantakar da ke tsakanin sabuwar Kotun da aka kafa da hukumar ba.

Ya zuwa 2019, jihohi 53 sun amince da Yarjejeniyar.Ambf CMS". Archived from the original on 2021-02-25. Retrieved 2021-02-07

 Abun ciki 
Yarjejeniya ta Afirka game da yancin ɗan adam da na jama'a ta ƙunshi gabatarwa, sassa 3, babi 4, da labarai 63.[1] Yarjejeniya ta kafa tsarin kare hakkin dan Adam na yanki ga Afirka. Yarjejeniya ta raba fasali da yawa tare da sauran kayan aikin yanki, amma kuma tana da fitattun halaye na musamman game da ƙa'idodin da ta sani da kuma tsarin sa ido.

Gabatarwar ta yi nufin kawar da sahyoniyanci, wanda ya kwatanta da mulkin mallaka da wariyar launin fata, [6] ya sa Afirka ta Kudu ta cancanci shiga 1996 tare da ajiyar cewa Yarjejeniya ta fadi daidai da kudurorin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya "game da halayyar Sihiyoniya."

Ka'idoji da ke ƙunshe a cikin Yarjejeniya

 Hakkokin jama'a da na siyasa 
Yarjejeniya ta amince da mafi yawan abubuwan da ake ɗaukar haƙƙoƙin farar hula da na siyasa. Haƙƙoƙin farar hula da na siyasa da aka amince da su a cikin Yarjejeniya sun haɗa da 'yancin 'yanci daga nuna bambanci (Mataki na 2 da 18 (3)), daidaito (Mataki na 3), amincin rayuwa da amincin mutum (Mataki na 4), mutunci (Mataki na 5), 'yanci daga bauta (Mataki na 5), 'yanci daga zalunci, rashin ɗan adam ko wulaƙanta mu'amala ko hukunci, sashe na 6 (Mataki na 5) zuwa ga shari'a ta gaskiya (Mataki na 7 da 25), 'yancin yin addini (Mataki na 8), 'yancin yin bayani da faɗar albarkacin baki (Mataki na 9), 'yancin ƙungiyoyi (Mataki na 10), 'yancin yin taro (Mataki na 11), 'yancin motsi (Mataki na 12), 'yancin shiga siyasa (Mataki na 13), 'yancin mallakar dukiya (Mataki na 14), da haƙƙin mallaka (Mataki na 14), da haƙƙin mallaka.

Wasu malaman haƙƙin ɗan adam duk da haka suna ɗaukar ɗaukar bayanan Yarjejeniya game da wasu haƙƙoƙin farar hula da na siyasa da bai isa ba. Misali, haƙƙin keɓantawa ko haƙƙin haƙƙin tilastawa ko aiki na tilas ba a bayyana a sarari ba. Ana ganin tanade-tanaden da suka shafi shari'a na gaskiya da kuma shiga siyasa ba su cika ba bisa ka'idojin kasa da kasa.Christof Heyns, the essentials of...Human Rights, 2005African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights". African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights. Archived from the original on 19 January 2013. Retrieved 9 December 2012.

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