Damuwar zafi na sana'a

Damuwar zafi yana haifar da rashin lafiya amma kuma yana iya haifar da karuwar hatsarori a wurin aiki, da raguwar yawan yawan ma'aikata. Raunin da ma'aikaci ke iya dangantawa da zafi ya haɗa da waɗanda ke haifar da su: gumi na dabino, gilashin tsaro da aka haɗe, da tashin hankali. Hakanan kuna iya faruwa sakamakon haɗuwa da wuri mai zafi ko tururi na bazata. A cikin Amurka, damuwa zafi na sana'a yana ƙara zama mai mahimmanci yayin da matsakaicin yanayin zafi ya ƙaru amma har yanzu ba a kula da shi ba. Akwai 'yan bincike da ƙa'idodi game da bayyanar zafi na ma'aikata.

 Abubuwan haɗari 
Cututtuka masu alaƙa da zafi daga matsalolin zafi na sana'a suna tasiri ta abubuwa da yawa. Ma'aikatan da ke fuskantar matsanancin zafi, zafi, da ƙayyadaddun motsin iska, musamman ma'aikata a waje, suna da rauni ga ciwon zafi. Abubuwan da ke tattare da ilimin halittar jiki kuma na iya yin tasiri ga raunin ma’aikaci, musamman idan aikinsu yana buƙatar motsa jiki, wanda ke haifar da zafin jiki. Haka nan ma’aikata za su iya zama masu saurin kamuwa da ciwon zafi idan sun rasa ruwa saboda zufa da rashin shan ruwa mai yawa ko kuma rashin lafiyar jiki. Wasu magunguna kuma na iya sa ya zama da wahala ga wani ya saba da yanayin zafi, kamar wasu maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta, da kuma wasu cututtukan suga, cututtukan zuciya, da magungunan tabin hankali. Ma'aikatan da ke fama da cututtukan zuciya, cututtukan numfashi, ciwon sukari, hauhawar jini, ko kiba, ko kuma waɗanda ke da juna biyu a halin yanzu, suma suna cikin haɗarin cutar zafi. Bugu da ƙari, sanya kayan kariya masu nauyi ko kauri da tufafi na iya hana ma'aikata yin gumi yadda ya kamata, wanda ke hana jiki yin sanyi sosai. Har ila yau, ma'aikata za su iya daidaitawa don yin aiki a cikin yanayin zafi mai zafi don haka jikinsu zai iya zama mafi kyau a sanyaya a kan lokaci, kodayake wannan daidaitawar yana buƙatar tsarin haɓakawa na mako-mako.

Wani bincike ya yi kiyasin cewa sauyin yanayi ne ke da alhakin ƙarin sa'o'in aiki biliyan 25 da ake asarar kowace shekara a Indiya daga 2001 zuwa 2020 idan aka kwatanta da shekaru 20 da suka gabata.MacNamara, Kelly (2022-01-13). "Climate change worsening toll of humid heat on outdoor workers: study". phys.org. Retrieved 2023-01-20.

 Acclimatization 
Bisa ga Cibiyar Tsaro da Lafiya ta Kasa (NIOSH), ƙaddamarwa wani tsari ne na ilimin halitta wanda mutum zai bi don daidaitawa zuwa wani abin ƙarfafawa bayan ci gaba da fallasa. A ilimin halittar jiki, haɓaka zuwa zafi zai ba da damar jikin ma'aikaci ya yi sanyi da kyau lokacin da yanayin zafi ya tashi. Lokacin da ma'aikaci ya daidaita da yin aiki a cikin yanayi mai zafi, za su sami raguwar bugun zuciya, farkon zufa, da kuma ƙara yawan jini zuwa magudanar jini kusa da fata, wanda zai ba da damar jikinsu ya fi dacewa da sanyi fiye da ma'aikacin da bai dace ba. (duba sashe na ƙasa akan jadawalin haɓakawa don takamaiman matakai).Heat Stress Acclimatization | NIOSH | CDC". www.cdc.gov. 2020-02-20. Retrieved 2020-11-03.

 Misalai na manyan ayyukan haɗari 
Ma'aikata a cikin sana'o'i da yawa suna cikin babban haɗari don fuskantar damuwa mai zafi. Musamman masu rauni su ne ma'aikatan waje waɗanda ke da ayyuka na zahiri don kammalawa, kamar masu kashe gobara, masu hakar ma'adinai, ma'aikatan soja, ma'aikatan gini ma'aikatan gine-gine, masu fa'ida, 'yan wasa, masu bayarwa, da ma'aikatan aikin gona. Bugu da ƙari, yawancin ayyukan cikin gida kuma suna buƙatar aiki mai ƙarfi a cikin yanayi mai zafi sosai, misali ma'aikatan masana'anta, ma'aikatan ɗakin dafa abinci, masu walda, da ma'aikatan dafa abinci. A cikin yanayin zafi da ba a saba gani ba, duk ma'aikata ya kamata su san haɗarinsu na rashin lafiyar zafi kuma su tabbatar sun sha ruwa mai yawa kuma su yi hutu a wurare masu sanyi don guje wa duk wani mummunan tasiri."California Code of Regulations, Title 8, section 3395 Heat Illness Prevention". www.dir.ca.gov. Retrieved 2016-03-21.

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