Scaphism

Scaphism (daga Girkanci friφη, ma'ana "jirgi"),  wanda aka fi sani da jiragen ruwa, Plutarch ya ba da rahoton shi a cikin Rayuwar Artaxerxes a matsayin hanyar kisa ta Farisa ta dā. Ya bayyana cewa wanda aka azabtar ya makale tsakanin ƙananan jiragen ruwa guda biyu, ɗayan ya juya a saman ɗayan, tare da gaɓoɓin da kai suna fitowa, suna ciyar da su da kuma shafa su da madara da zuma, kuma suna ba su damar yin amfani da kwari da sauran ƙwayoyin cuta a tsawon lokaci. Rahoton Plutarch ya samo asali ne daga tushen da ake la'akari da shakku.

 Bayanan tarihi 
Magana ta farko game da scaphism shine bayanin Plutarch game da kisan soja Mithridates, wanda sarki Artaxerxes II ya ba shi a matsayin horo don ɗaukar jaruntakar sarki kuma yana da'awar cewa shi ne wanda ya kashe ɗan'uwansa Cyrus the Younger, wanda ya yi tawaye a ƙoƙarin da'awar kursiyin Daular Achaemenid:

Marubucin tarihin Byzantine na ƙarni na 12 Joannes Zonaras daga baya ya bayyana hukuncin, bisa ga Plutarch:

An yi imanin cewa labarin Plutarch na Scaphism ya fito ne daga Ctesias, likitan Girka kuma masanin tarihi. Koyaya, amincin Ctesias yana da shakku saboda sunansa na labaran da ba su da kyau. Labaran da ba a tabbatar da su ba sun haifar da muhawara game da gaskiyar aikinsa.

 A cikin almara 

 A cikin Shakespeare's The Winter's Tale, mai bautar gumaka Autolycus ya gaya wa makiyayi da ɗansa cewa saboda Perdita ya fada cikin soyayya da yarima, za a jajjefe mahaifinta mai kula da shi, yayin da za a azabtar da ɗan'uwanta mai kula: Yana da ɗa, - wanda za a kashe shi da rai; sannan 'an ba shi da zuma, ya saita a kan kan shugaban gida; sannan ya tsaya har sai ya kasance uku da rabi kuma ya mutu; sannan zai sake farfado da shi da ruwa-vitae, idanu, ya fuska da shi mai zafi; sa'a kan shi, sa'a, sa'ana, sa'an nan kuma ya sake farfitar da shi, sa a kan shi, ya sake farka da shi, ya fuskanci wani abu mai zafi; sannan ya fuska a kan shi.Yana da ɗa, - wanda za a kashe shi da rai; sa'an nan kuma 'ya shayar da zuma, ya sa a kan kan kan gidan wasp; sa'annan ya tsaya har sai ya zama kashi uku cikin huɗu da dram ya mutu; sa'a ya sake farfadowa da aqua-vitae ko wasu ruwan zafi; sa'o'in, kamar yadda yake, kuma a cikin rana mafi zafi ya yi shelar, za a sa shi a kan bango na tubali, rana tana kallon shi da ido a kudu a kai shi, - inda zai ga mutuwa.
 A cikin H. Rider Haggard's The Ancient Allan mai gabatarwa Allan Quatermain ya sami wahayi game da ɗaya daga cikin rayuwarsa ta baya, inda ya kasance babban mafarauci na Masar mai suna Shabaka . A wani lokaci "Sarkin sarakuna" ya hukunta shi da "mutuwa ta jirgin ruwa" saboda fare na farauta da suka yi. Lokacin da Shabaka ya tambayi abin da zai faru da shi, wani bābān ya gaya masa: Wannan, Ya mai kisan zakuna na Masar. Za a kwantar da ku a kan gado a cikin ƙaramin jirgi a kan kogi kuma za a sanya wani jirgi a kansa, domin ana kiran waɗannan jirage Twins, Masarawa, a irin wannan hanyar da kai da hannunka za su nuna a wannan gefen kuma ƙafafunku a ɗayan. Za ku kasance a can, ku kasance da kwanciyar hankali a matsayin jariri a cikin jariri, kuma sau biyu a kowace rana za a kawo muku mafi kyawun abinci da abin sha. Idan abincinku ya gaza, kuma, zai zama aikinta na farfado da shi ta hanyar tsage idanunku da ma'anar wuka har sai ya dawo. Har ila yau, bayan kowane abinci zan wanke fuska, hannunka da ƙafafunka da madara da zuma, don kada kwari da ke kewaye da su su su sha yunwa, kuma don kare fatarka daga ƙonewa daga rana. Don haka sannu a hankali za ku yi rauni kuma a ƙarshe ku yi barci. Wanda ya karshe da ya shiga cikin jirgin - shi, mutumin da ba shi da sa'a, ya yi yawo a cikin kotun gidan mata kuma ya ga wasu daga cikin matan da aka bayyana a can - kawai ya rayu na kwana goma sha biyu, amma kai, kasancewar kai mai ƙarfi, na iya fatan ya kasance na goma sha takwas.[1]Wannan, Ya mai kashe zakuna na Masar. Za a kwantar da ku a kan gado a cikin ƙaramin jirgi a kan kogi kuma za a sanya wani jirgi a kansa, domin ana kiran waɗannan jirage Twins, Masarawa, a irin wannan hanyar da kai da hannunka za su nuna a wannan gefen kuma ƙafafunku a ɗayan. Za ku kasance a can, ku kasance da kwanciyar hankali a matsayin jariri a cikin jariri, kuma sau biyu a kowace rana za a kawo muku mafi kyawun abinci da abin sha. Idan abincinku ya gaza, kuma, zai zama aikinta na farfado da shi ta hanyar tsage idanunku da ma'anar wuka har sai ya dawo. Har ila yau, bayan kowane abinci zan wanke fuska, hannunka da ƙafafunka da madara da zuma, don kada kwari da ke kewaye da su su su sha yunwa, kuma don kare fatarka daga ƙonewa daga rana. Don haka sannu a hankali za ku yi rauni kuma a ƙarshe ku yi barci. Wanda ya karshe da ya shiga cikin jirgin - shi, mutumin da ba shi da sa'a, ya yi yawo a cikin kotun gidan mata kuma ya ga wasu daga cikin matan da aka bayyana a can - kawai ya rayu na kwana goma sha biyu, amma kai, kasancewar kai mai ƙarfi, na iya fatan ya kasance na goma sha takwas.Haggard, H. Rider (1920). "VI. The doom of the boat". The Ancient Allan. London and Melbourne: Cassell and Co.
 A cikin shirin The Venture Bros. "The Bellicose Proxy" an bayyana bambancin wannan azabtarwa tare da tubs a maimakon jiragen ruwa.
 A cikin Instinct, Season 2 Episode 5 "Tarihin Tsohon", an nuna wanda aka azabtar da wannan azabtarwa.
 A cikin Your Pretty Face is Going to Hell's Season 4 episode "Milk and Honey" wannan azabtarwa (da aljani a cikin kasuwancin sayar da jiragen da aka yi amfani da su) sananne ne.
 Labarin Blindboy Boatclub "Scaphism" ya bayyana kisan da aka yi ta amfani da wannan hanyar.
 A cikin Inside No. 9's Season 8 episode "The Last Weekend", ana amfani da wannan azabtarwa a matsayin hanyar fansa. 

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