Medu Art Ensemble

Medu Art Ensemble (1979 – 1985) ƙungiya ce ta masu fafutukar al'adu da ke Gaborone, ta ƙasar Botswana, na ƙabilu, Pan-Afrika, da masu adawa da mulkin mallaka da ke zaune a Gaborone, Botswana a lokacin tsayin gwagwarmayar adawa da nuna wariyar launin fata a ƙarshen ƙarni na ashirin. Ƙungiyar ta samo asali ne a cikin shekarar 1979 kuma an kafa ta don ba da murya ga manufofin wariyar launin fata na Afirka ta Kudu (1948-1994) da gwagwarmayar neman 'yanci a ƙasashe makwabta Angola, Botswana, Mozambique, Namibia, da Zimbabwe. An kafa ƙungiyar ne bayan 1976 Soweto Uprising, lokacin da aka tilasta wa yawancin masu fafutuka na Afirka ta Kudu gudun hijira. Ƙungiyar ta ƙunshi mawaƙa sama da 60, masu fasaha, masu fasahar gani, masu bincike, marubuta, da mawaƙa. Yawancin mambobin sun kasance 'yan Afirka ta Kudu, amma wasu sun fito daga Amurka ta Amurka, Kanada, Cuba, Brazil, Sweden, da Botswana. A matsayin ƙungiyar "marasa haɗin kai", Medu tayi aiki tare da masu fasaha daga bambancin launin fata, zamantakewa, siyasa, da al'adu daban-daban. Medu's members, ko kuma "ma'aikatan al'adu" kamar yadda suka fi son a kira su, ƙarshe shirya da kuma ƙaura zuwa Gaborone, Botswana a shekarar 1978. Sun ji cewa kalmar "ma'aikatan al'adu" ya fi dacewa da manufar su maimakon yin la'akari da kansu a matsayin masu zane-zane saboda an ɗauki irin wannan neman a matsayin wani abu maras muhimmanci kuma saboda haka ƙwararru da fari.  Tare da goyon bayan jam'iyyar African National Congress (ANC), a Gaborone, Medu ta yi rajista a hukumance a matsayin ƙungiyar al'adu tare da gwamnatin Botswanan. Medu tana nufin "tushen" a cikin harshen Sepedi na arewacin Sotho, kuma ta bayyana ayyukan gama gari na ƙarƙashin ƙasa (wanda ya sabawa dokar gwamnatin nuna wariyar launin fata ta hana jam'iyyun siyasa da ƙungiyoyi masu adawa). An raba aikin al'adu na gama gari zuwa ruƙuni shida; Littattafai da Bincike, Zane-zane da Zane-zane, Kiɗa, Gidan wasan kwaikwayo, Hoto, da Fim.

A Gaborone, Medu ta shirya kiɗe-kiɗe, gudanar da tarurrukan zane-zane da rubuce-rubucen kirkire-kirkire, shirya fina-finai, shirya kamfen na kiwon lafiyar jama'a, da kuma nune-nune tsakanin sauran ayyuka. Kungiyar ta kuma samar da labarai masu tayar da hankali da fastoci na siyasa, waɗanda dukkansu biyun suka nemi karfafa haɗin kan yankin a lokaci guda, da sukar rashin adalcin ƙasar nuna wariyar launin fata, da kuma inganta wayewar baki. Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da suka faru na Medu shine bikin Al'adu da Juriya na shekarar 1982 da Taro, wanda ya tattaro dubban masu fafutuka, ma'aikatan al'adu, da talakawa (daga ko'ina cikin Afirka, Amurka, da Turai) na tsawon mako guda na kiɗe-kiɗe, nune-nunen, tattaunawa, tarurruka da sauran nau'o'in shirye-shiryen al'adu masu tsattsauran ra'ayi. Wannan gagarumin aiki ya ba da kulawa sosai ga fafutukar Medu, musamman ma gwamnatin mulkin nuna wariyar launin fata ta duba ayyukan gama gari. Medu ta watse a cikin shekarar 1985, biyo bayan kisan gillar da Sojojin Afirka ta Kudu suka yi a Gaborone, wanda ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar mutane goma sha biyu, ciki har da membobin Medu Mike Hamlyn, Thamsanga Mnyele, George Phahle, da Lindi Phahle.

 Membobi 
A matsayin ƙungiyar ma'aikatan al'adu da yawa, Medu ta ƙunshi masu fasaha na gani sama da sittin, ƴan wasan kwaikwayo, da marubuta waɗanda aka haɗa baki ɗaya don 'yantar da yanki da juriya ga mulkin nuna wariyar launin fata. Membobin ƙungiyar sun haɗa da Gwen Ansell, Theresa Devant, Sergio-Albio González, Jonas Gwangwa, Basil Jones, Michael Kahn, Heinz Klug, Keorapetse Kgositsile, Adrian Kohler, Mandla Langa, Hugh Masekela, Gordon Metz, Thamsanqa Mnyele, Semalt, Seyro Walga, Mondyro, Mondyro, Seyro Seyro, Seyro Seyro, Mondyro, Seyro Seyro, Seyro Seyro, Seyro Selihu da Tim Williams, da dai sauransu. A waje ne ya ƙunshi kawai ɗan Afirka ta Kudu kawai kamar yadda aka kafa na jin daɗinsa wanda ya yi imani da shi sosai.  A bayyane yake wannan matsayi na imani ya canza kuma an daidaita shi don dacewa da manufa na gaba na Afirka ta Kudu wanda zai kasance gida ga dukan maza ba tare da la'akari da launin fata ba kuma an yarda da fararen fata su shiga kuma don haka ya taimaka wajen samun kudade na kasa da kasa don Ƙungiyar.

 Ilham 
Mambobin Ƙungiyar Art Medu sun sami wahayi daga masu fasaha a duniya. Duk da cewa kungiyar ta ɗauki kansu a matsayin ƙungiya mai mabambantan akida, ayyukan zane-zanen nasu sun karkata ne ga koyarwar gurguzu da gurguzu. Membobin gwagwarmaya daban-daban na 'yanci sun yi tasiri a duk duniya kuma suna so su rabu da cibiyoyin fasaha na yau da kullum, da masu fasahar Marxist a duk faɗin duniya. Masu ra'ayi irin su Frantz Fanon, Mao Zedong, da Bertolt Brecht, tare da marubutan Afirka irin su Wole Soyinka da Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o sun ciyar da tunanin al'adun ƙungiyar. Hoton hoton da aka samu a cikin fastocin ƙungiyar sun ƙunshi ƙamus na gurguzu na ƙasa da ƙasa da na juyin juya hali na karya sarƙoƙi, dunƙule dunƙule, ɗaga hannu, da jarumtaka na masu fafutuka da masu fafutukar yanci. Wannan alamar ta samo asali ne a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na-lokaci na aiki da ƙungiyoyi masu adawa da zalunci a duk faɗin duniya kuma an bayyana su a cikin ayyukan Soviet da masu fafutuka na antifascist, masu zane-zane na Mexico da membobin taron bita, da kuma mahalarta a Harlem Renaissance. Saboda waɗannan tasirin al'adu sun saba wa tsattsauran ra'ayi na fasaha, Medu ta yi amfani da aikinsu don yin tunani a kan gaskiyar mutanen da ake zalunta a ƙarƙashin mulkin nuna wariyar launin fata. 

 Manazarta