Kanada da Netherlands v. Jamhuriyar Larabawa ta Siriya

A ranar 8 ga watan Yunin 2023, gwamnatocin Kanada da Netherlands sun gabatar da karar da aka yi wa Siriya a gaban Kotun Shari'a ta Duniya inda suka zargi Gwamnatin Siriya da azabtarwa da sauran mummunan, rashin mutunci da wulakanci da kuma azabtar da jama'arta tun daga aƙalla a cikin 2011   (lokacin da Yaƙin basasar Siriya ya fara), da kuma kasa cika wajibai game da haramtacciyar azabtarwa wanda ya saba wa Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da azabtarwa.

Gwamnatin Siriya, a mayar da martani, ta soki rikodin haƙƙin ɗan adam na Kanada da Netherlands, ta yi iƙirarin cewa suna tallafawa kungiyoyin ta'addanci masu dauke da makamai a Siriya, cewa suna "yi aiki da ajanda na [ICJ] na siyasa na Amurka",  kuma cewa zarge-zargen karya ne da ƙarya.  Siriya ta kaurace wa sauraron farko.

Kotun ta amince da Matakan wucin gadi da suka umarci Siriya da ta dauki matakai don hana ayyukan azabtarwa da sauran mummunan, rashin mutunci ko wulakanci da kuma adana duk shaidun da suka shafi azabtarwa.

 Ci gaban shari'a 
A ranar 18 ga Satumba 2020, Netherlands ta sanar da Siriya a hukumance cewa tana neman tattaunawa bisa ga Mataki na 30 (1) na Yarjejeniyar da ke adawa da azabtarwa, ta hanyar Note Verbale .  A mayar da martani, Gwamnatin Siriya ta yi tir da ayyukan Netherlands a fili kuma ta fitar da wata sanarwa da ta soki rikodin haƙƙin ɗan adam na Netherlands kuma ta yi iƙirarin cewa suna tallafawa kungiyoyin ta'addanci masu dauke da makamai a Siriya kuma suna aiki da ajanda na maigidan su na siyasa na Amurka.Dabin, Bushra; Eyon, Mazen (19 September 2020). "Foreign Ministry: Government of the Netherlands is the last one who has the right to talk about the Human rights". Syrian Arab News Agency. Archived from the original on 23 September 2023. Retrieved 12 November 2023.

A ranar 3 ga Maris 2021, Kanada ta sanar da Siriya a hukumance game da bukatar da take yi na tattaunawa bisa ga Mataki na 30 (1) ta hanyar Note Verbale ga Ofishin Jakadancin Dindindin na Jamhuriyar Larabawa ta Siriya a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.

A ranar 12 ga Maris 2021, Kanada da Netherlands sun ba da sanarwar niyyar su ga niyyar hadin gwiwa don gabatar da karar.

Kanada da Netherlands sun yi ikirarin yin kokari na dogon lokaci a cikin fiye da shekaru biyu, kuma ba za a iya warware rikicin ta hanyar tattaunawa ba. Kuma a hukumance ya shigar da kara a kan Siriya a gaban Kotun Shari'a ta Duniya a ranar 8 ga Yuni 2023. Shari'ar ta zargi Gwamnatin Siriya da azabtarwa da sauran zalunci, rashin mutunci da kuma wulakanci da kuma azabtar da jama'arta tun daga aƙalla a cikin 2011, kuma sun kasa cika wajibai game da haramtacciyar azabtarwa ta keta Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da azabtarwa.  Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya, Ba ta son kai da Mai Zaman Kanta (IIM) wacce Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta kirkira don bincika laifuka a Siriya ta yi maraba da shari'ar ta bayyana shirye-shiryen ta don tallafawa aikin. Amurka ma ta yi maraba da aikin.

Za a bude sauraron farko a ranar 19 ga watan Yulin 2023 amma an sake tsara shi zuwa 10 ga watan Oktoba 2023.  Sabuntawa ya faru ne saboda bukatar Gwamnatin Siriya. Kanada da Netherlands sun yi nadamar jinkirin. Gwamnatin Siriya ta mayar da martani ta hanyar kai farmaki ga shari'ar, ta kira maganganun karya da karya. Kuma ya sake da'awar cewa kasashen biyu suna tallafawa 'yan ta'adda da kuma kai farmaki kan Siriya. Kuma cewa ba su da halatta don yin magana game da haƙƙin ɗan adam. Kuma cewa tarihin su ya cika da laifukan da aka aikata a cikin yankuna da kuma a kan 'yan asalin ƙasarsuOthman, Nisreen; Qreima, Shaza (26 July 2023). "Foreign Ministry: Canada and the Netherlands lack any legitimacy to give lessons on human rights". Syrian Arab News Agency. Archived from the original on 12 November 2023. Retrieved 12 November 2023.

A ranar 10 ga Oktoba, an gudanar da sauraron farko. Kanada da Netherlands sun gabatar da hujjojin su na baki. Siriya ba ta shiga cikin Magana ba  kuma tawagarta ta shari'a ba ta halarci sauraron ba. "Syria a no-show at torture court case brought by Canada, Netherlands". CBC Canada. 10 October 2023. Archived from the original on 12 November 2023. Retrieved 12 November 2023.

A cikin muhawara, Kanada da Netherlands sun nemi Siriya:

 Nan da nan ya ɗauki matakai masu tasiri don dakatar da hana duk ayyukan da suka kai ko taimakawa ga azabtarwa da sauran mugunta, rashin mutunci ko wulakanci ko azabtarwa.
 Dakatar da tsare-tsare, kuma a saki duk mutanen da aka tsare su da gangan ko ba bisa ka'ida ba.
 Bayar da damar shiga duk wuraren da aka tsare su ta hukuma da wadanda ba hukuma ba ta hanyar hanyoyin sa ido masu zaman kansu.
 Ɗauki matakan gaggawa don inganta yanayin duk wuraren tsare-tsare na hukuma da ba na hukuma ba.
 Bayyana wurin da aka binne mutanen da suka mutu sakamakon azabtarwa.
 Adana duk wani bayani da ya shafi dalilin mutuwar duk wanda aka tsare kuma ba za a lalata duk wata hujja da ta shafi shari'ar ba.

A ranar 16 ga Nuwamba 2023,  kotun ta amince da Matakan wucin gadi guda biyu:

 Siriya za ta dauki dukkan matakai don hana ayyukan azabtarwa da sauran mummunan, rashin mutunci ko wulakanci.
 Siriya za ta dauki matakai masu inganci don hana lalacewa da kuma tabbatar da adana duk wata shaida.

Dukansu biyu sun wuce da kuri'u 13 zuwa 2, tare da alƙalin Rasha Gevorgian da alƙalan kasar Sin Xue suna kada kuri'a a kan hukuncin.

Kanada da Netherlands sun yi maraba da hukuncin a cikin wata sanarwa ta hadin gwiwa. Hukumar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta Siriya ta kuma yi maraba da hukuncin. Human Rights Watch ta kira hukuncin a matsayin muhimmiyar mahimmanci ga kare fararen hula.

A ranar 1 ga Fabrairu 2024, Kotun ta sanya iyakar lokacin shari'ar, ta bayyana 3 ga Fabrairun 2025 a matsayin lokacin da aka ƙayyade don Tunawa da Kanada da Masarautar Netherlands, da kuma 3 ga Fabriiru 2026 don Tunawa na Siriya.

 Dubi kuma 

 Cin zarafin 'yancin Dan Adam a Siriya

 Manazy 

Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba