Sauyin yanayi na Greenland

Yanayin Greenland yanayi ne na tundra (Köppen ET) a kan da kusa da gabar teku da kuma Yanayin kankara (Köpp EF) a cikin yankunan cikihttps://www.bbc.com/hausa/topics/c7zp510jdzpt. Yawanci yana da gajeren lokaci, lokacin rani mai sanyi da kuma dogon lokaci, sanyi mai sanyi.

Tasirin rafin Gulf yana sa yanayin hunturu na Greenland yayi laushi sosai don latitude.  A Nuuk, babban birnin kasar, matsakaita yanayin sanyi na sanyi -9 °C (16 °F).    Idan aka kwatanta, matsakaicin yanayin sanyi na Iqaluit, Nunavut, Kanada, yana kusa da -27 °C (-17 °F).  Wannan ya yi ƙasa da ƙasa don kiyaye bishiyoyi, kuma ƙasar tundra maras bishiya ce.

A kan kankara na Greenland, zafin jiki yana ƙasa da daskarewa a duk shekara,  kuma rikodin yanayin zafi ya kai dan kadan sama da daskyawa. Rubuce-rubucen zafin jiki a sansanin Summit shine  ° C (36.0 ° F). 

A kudancin Greenland, akwai karamin gandun daji a cikin Kwarin Qinngua, inda yanayin zafi na lokacin rani bai isa ya ci gaba da itatuwa ba. Akwai duwatsu sama da mita 1,500 (4,900  da ke kewaye da kwarin, wanda ke kare shi daga sanyi, iska mai sauri da ke tafiya a fadin kankara. Ita ce kawai gandun daji na halitta a Greenland kuma tana da tsawon kilomita 15 kawai (9.3 .

 Canjin yanayi 
Yankin kankara na Greenland yana da nisan kilomita 3 (1.9  kuma yana da faɗi sosai don rufe yankin da girman Mexico. Ginin yana da yawa sosai cewa nauyinsa yana matsawa dutsen Greenland a ƙasa da matakin teku kuma yana da ɓoyewa sosai har zuwa kwanan nan masana kimiyya sun gano Grand Canyon na Greenland ko yiwuwar cewa Greenland na iya zama tsibirai uku.

Idan kankara ta narke, dutsen da ke ciki a ƙasa da matakin teku zai rufe da ruwa. Ba a bayyana ko wannan ruwa zai kasance a matakin teku ko tafkin sama da matakin teku ba. Idan zai kasance a matakin teku zai iya haɗawa da teku a Ilulissat Icefjord, a Baffin Bay da kusa da Nordostrundingen, ƙirƙirar manyan tsibirai uku. Amma mai yiwuwa ne cewa zai zama tafki tare da magudanar ruwa guda ɗaya.

An yi tunanin cewa kafin Ice Age na ƙarshe, Greenland yana da gefen tsaunuka da kuma cibiyar ƙasa (kuma mai yiwuwa bushewa sosai) wanda ya kwarara zuwa teku ta hanyar babban kogi daya da ke gudana zuwa yamma, ya wuce inda Tsibirin Disko yake yanzu.

Akwai damuwa game da hawan matakin teku sakamakon asarar kankara (narkewa da glaciers da ke faɗowa cikin teku) akan Greenland.  Tsakanin 1997 da 2003 asarar kankara ya kasance 68-92 km3/a (16–22 cu mi/a), idan aka kwatanta da kusan 60 km3/a (14 cu mi/a) na 1993/4-1998/9.  Rabin karuwar ya kasance daga mafi girma narkewar lokacin rani, tare da sauran sakamakon motsin wasu glaciers ya wuce saurin da ake buƙata don daidaita tarin dusar ƙanƙara. Cikakken asarar kankara a kan Greenland zai haifar da hauhawar matakin teku har zuwa mita 6.40 (21.0 .

Masu bincike a NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory da Jami'ar Kansas sun ba da rahoton a watan Fabrairun 2006 cewa kankara suna narkewa sau biyu da sauri kamar yadda suke shekaru biyar da suka gabata. A shekara ta 2005, Greenland ta fara rasa yawan kankara fiye da yadda kowa ke tsammani - asarar shekara-shekara har zuwa 52 cubic miles ko 217 cubic kilometers a kowace shekara, bisa ga ma'aunin nauyi na tauraron dan adam na baya-bayan nan da JPL ta fitar. Ƙarin asarar kankara na iya raguwa ta hanyar ƙara yawan dusar ƙanƙara saboda karuwar ruwan sama.

Tsakanin 1991 da 2006, saka idanu kan yanayi a wuri daya (Swiss Camp) ya gano cewa matsakaicin zafin hunturu ya tashi kusan  ° F  ° C).

Kwanan nan, manyan kankara guda uku na Greenland sun fara motsawa da sauri, bayanan tauraron dan adam. Waɗannan su ne Jacobshavn Isbræ a Ilulissat a gefen yammacin Greenland, da Kangerdlugssuaq da Helheim glaciers a gefen gabashin Greenland. Biyu na ƙarshe sun hanzarta sosai a cikin shekarun 2004-2005, amma sun koma saurin kafin 2004 a cikin 2006.  Hawan kankara ya kasance tare da karuwar ayyukan girgizar ƙasa. A watan Maris na shekara ta 2006, masu bincike a Jami'ar Harvard da Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory a Jami'a ta Columbia sun ba da rahoton cewa kankara yanzu suna haifar da girgizar ƙasa har zuwa girman 5.0.

Komawar kankara na Greenland yana nuna tsibirai waɗanda aka yi zaton suna cikin ɓangaren ƙasar. A watan Satumbar 2005 Dennis Schmitt ya gano tsibirin kilomita 400 (644  a arewacin Arctic Circle a gabashin Greenland wanda ya ba shi suna Uunartoq Qeqertaq, Inuit don "tsibirin dumama".

 Tsinkaya na gaba 
A cikin Arctic, yanayin zafi yana tashi da sauri fiye da ko'ina a duniya.  Greenland tana asarar tan biliyan 200 na kankara a kowace shekara.  Bincike ya nuna cewa hakan na iya kara yawan hawan teku da santimita 30 a karshen karni.  Wadannan hasashe suna da yuwuwar canzawa kamar yadda bayanan tauraron dan adam ya fara ne kawai shekaru 40 da suka gabata.  Wannan yana nufin cewa dole ne masu bincike su duba tsoffin hotuna na kankara kuma su kwatanta su da waɗanda aka ɗauka a yau don sanin makomar kankara ta Greenland.

 Bayanan yanayi 

 Yawan zafin jiki 

 Mafi girman yanayin zafi 
WataYanayin zafiRanarWurin da yakeJanairu29 Janairu 2003Nuuk, SermersooqFabrairu20 Fabrairu 2005Nanortailak, KujalleqMaris31 Maris 1975Narsarsuaq, KujalleqAfrilu26 ga Afrilu 2016Narsarsuaq, KujalleqMayu29 ga Mayu 2012Narsarsuaq, KujalleqYuni23 Yuni 1915Ivittuut, SermersooqYuli6 ga Yulin 2008Nuuk, SermersooqAgusta3 ga Agusta 1899Tasiilaq, SermersooqSatumba2 ga Satumba 2010Nuuk, SermersooqOktoba5 ga Oktoba 2016Tasiilaq, SermersooqNuwamba21 ga Nuwamba 2015Tasiilaq, SermersooqDisamba21 ga Disamba 2001Narsarsuaq, Kujalleq

 Yanayin zafi mafi ƙasƙanci 
WataYanayin zafiRanarWurin da yakeJanairu9 ga Janairu 1954Arewacin Ice, Arewa maso gabashin GreenlandFabrairu21 ga Fabrairu 2002Tashar sansanin Summit, Arewa maso gabashin GreenlandMaris18 Maris 2011Tashar sansanin Summit, Arewa maso gabashin GreenlandAfrilu21 ga Afrilu 2011Tashar sansanin Summit, Arewa maso gabashin GreenlandMayu9 ga Mayu 2018Tashar sansanin Summit, Arewa maso gabashin GreenlandYuni1 ga Yuni 2011Tashar sansanin Summit, Arewa maso gabashin GreenlandYuli4 ga Yulin 2017Tashar sansanin Summit, Arewa maso gabashin GreenlandAgusta29 ga watan Agusta 2004Tashar sansanin Summit, Arewa maso gabashin GreenlandSatumba24 ga Satumba 2009Tashar sansanin Summit, Arewa maso gabashin GreenlandOktoba26 ga Oktoba 2018Tashar sansanin Summit, Arewa maso gabashin GreenlandNuwamba26 ga Nuwamba 2001Tashar sansanin Summit, Arewa maso gabashin GreenlandDisamba22 ga Disamba 1991Tashar Klinck, Arewa maso gabashin Greenland

 Manazarta 
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba