Canjin yanayi a Malawi

Malawi kasa ce da ke da kulle-kulle a kudu maso gabashin Afirka da ke gefen kudu mafi hannun kudu na Tsarin Rift-Valley na Gabashin Afirka tsakanin latitudes 9°22' da 17°03' kudu da equator, da tsayin 33°40' da 35°55' gabas da Greenwich Meridian. Tana da iyaka da Tanzaniya a arewa da arewa maso gabas, Mozambique a kudu maso yamma, kudu da gabas, da Zambia a yamma."World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal". climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org. Retrieved 2023-12-22. Malawi na da matukar rauni ga illolin sauyin yanayi yayin da mafi yawan jama'ar Malawi suka dogara ga kananan noma da ruwan sama, wanda hakan ya sa su dogara sosai kan yanayin yanayi. Sauyin yanayi yana ƙara tsananta fari, ambaliya, da rashin daidaituwar ruwan sama - yana ba da gudummawa ga ƙarancin abinci da kuma barazanar hana ci gaba zuwa burin Malawi na dogaro da kai.Malawi Climate Change Country Profile". U.S. Agency for International Development. 2023-11-28. Archived from the original on December 8, 2023. Retrieved 2023-12-22.

 Tushen Gas na Greenhouse 
Malawi ta fitar da jimillar metric ton miliyan 10.85 na carbon dioxide kwatankwacin (MtCO2e) a cikin 2011, wanda ya kai kashi 0.02 cikin ɗari na hayaƙi mai gurbata yanayi (GHG). Bangaren canjin kasa da gandun daji ya ba da gudummawar kashi 56 cikin 100 na hayakin GHG na Malawi, sai kuma bangaren noma, sharar gida da masana'antu, wanda a dunkule ya ba da kashi 40 cikin 100, da kashi 2, da kashi 2 bisa dari. Tsakanin shekarar 1990 zuwa 2011, hayakin GHG a Malawi ya karu da kashi 14 cikin 100, yayin da GDPn kasar ya samu gagarumin ci gaba na kashi 126 cikin dari a lokaci guda. Koyaya, duk da saurin haɓakar GDP, tattalin arzikin Malawi ya fitar da kusan sau uku fiye da GHG dangane da GDP idan aka kwatanta da matsakaicin duniya a cikin 2011, yana nuna yuwuwar haɓakawa. A cewar UNDP, Malawi tana da kaso 0.04% na hayakin GHG na duniya, tare da ma'aunin raunin yanayi 158, kididdigar ci gaban bil'adama 169, 51% Maƙasudin rage hayaki na yanayi nan da 2040 kamar na Yuli 2021.Malawi". UNDP Climate Promise. Retrieved 2023-12-22.

 Tasiri kan Yanayin Halitta 

 Zazzabi da canjin yanayi 
Kasar Malawi ta fuskanci sauyin yanayi da sauye-sauyen yanayi a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, lamarin da ya haifar da yaduwar munanan bala'in da ke da alaka da yanayin da aka samu karuwa a cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata wanda ya haifar da mummunar girgizar yanayi da ta zama ruwan dare a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Waɗannan firgita sun haɗa da ruwan sama mara kyau, fari, tsawan lokacin bushewar yanayi, da iska mai ƙarfi. Sauyin yanayi ya yi tasiri a sassa da dama na tattalin arziki, ciki har da noma, kiwon lafiya, ruwa, makamashi, sufuri, ilimi, jinsi, gandun daji, namun daji, da ababen more rayuwa.

Malawi tana fuskantar yanayi na farko guda biyu: sanyi, lokacin rani, wanda ke faruwa tsakanin Mayu da Oktoba, tare da matsakaicin yanayin zafi kusan 13 ° C a watan Yuni da Yuli, da lokacin zafi, lokacin damina, wanda ke faruwa daga Nuwamba zuwa Afrilu, tare da yanayin zafi daga 30 ° - 35 ° C. Matakan hazo sun bambanta dangane da tsayin daka, tare da benayen kwarin da ke samun kusan milimita 600 na ruwan sama a shekara da kuma yankunan tsaunuka suna fuskantar kusan 1600 mm. Bambance-bambancen yanayi na yanayin ruwan sama yana tasiri ta hanyar rikitaccen yanayin yanayi, wanda ke haifar da karkatar da iskar da ke ɗauke da danshi, a ƙarshe yana haifar da hazo da inuwar ruwan sama a wurare daban-daban."MALAWI CLIMATE CHANGE FACT SHEET | Fact Sheet | Malawi". USAID. 2016-09-26. Archived from the original on December 22, 2023. Retrieved 2023-12-22.

 Tasiri kan albarkatun ruwa 
Rikicin da ke da nasaba da yanayi na kara yawaita da yin barna a kasar, tare da fitattun misalan su ne manyan ambaliyar ruwa na shekarar 2015 da Cyclone Idai a shekarar 2019. A halin yanzu Malawi na fuskantar tashin gwauron zabi saboda tsananin ruwan sama, wanda ya haifar da raguwar gurbacewar ruwa da kuma ajiyewa a cikin ruwan karkashin kasa da na ruwa. Yawancin yankuna a kasar sun riga sun lura da raguwar ruwa, tare da wasu rafukan da ba su da yawa suna canzawa zuwa na yanayi. Yankin kudu, musamman, yana baje kolin wurare daban-daban don girgizar da ke da alaƙa da yanayin da ake dangantawa da raguwar ruwan sama na shekara-shekara da ƙaura.Global Water, Partnerships; UNICEF (2022). "Malawi snapshot on water and climate" (PDF). Global Water Partnerships.

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