Hukuncin kisa don fataucin miyagun ƙwayoyi

Kasancewa cikin Cinikin miyagun ƙwayoyi ba bisa ka'ida ba a wasu ƙasashe, wanda zai iya haɗawa da shigo da miyagun ƙ ƙwayoyi, fitarwa, siyarwa ko mallaki ƙwayoyi masu yawa, ya zama babban laifi kuma yana iya haifar da hukuncin kisa ga fataucin miyagun ƙwalwa, ko mallaka da ake zaton don fataucin ƙwayoyi ne. Har ila yau, akwai kisan gillar da ake zargi da masu amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi da masu fataucin miyagun ƙ ƙwayoyi a akalla kasashe 2 ba tare da hukuncin kisa ta doka ba: Mexico da Philippines. 

Ya zuwa watan Disamba na shekara ta 2022 Harm Reduction International (HRI) ya ba da rahoton cewa mutane 3700+ suna kan layi na mutuwa saboda laifukan miyagun ƙwayoyi a duk duniya. A shekara ta 2022 HRI ta ba da rahoton aƙalla kisa 285 ta hanyar doka don laifukan miyagun ƙwayoyi a duniya a cikin ƙasashe 6. 252+ a Iran. 22 a Saudi Arabia. 11 a Singapore. Ba za a iya samun daidaitattun lambobi ba saboda "matsananciyar rashin tabbas" a wasu ƙasashe: China, Koriya ta Arewa, da Vietnam.

Wani Bayani na Duniya na Harm Reduction na 2022 ya ba da rahoton: "HRI ta gano kasashe da yankuna 35 da ke riƙe da hukuncin kisa don laifukan miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin doka. Ƙananan daga cikin waɗannan ƙasashe suna aiwatar da kisa don laphukan miyagun kwayoyi a kai a kai. A zahiri, Amnesty International ta rarraba shida daga cikin waɗannan jihohin a matsayin abolitionist a aikace. Wannan yana nufin cewa ba su aiwatar da kowane laifi a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata ba (ko da hukuncin kisa ga wani ba a wasu lokuta ba a yanke musu hukunci na mutuwa ba). 

Wani rahoto na Maris 2018 na Harm Reduction International ya ce: "Tsakanin Janairu 2015 da Disamba 2017, an san akalla mutane 1,320 da aka kashe saboda laifuka masu alaƙa da miyagun ƙwayoyi - 718 a 2015; 325 a 2016; da 280 a 2017. Wadannan ƙididdigar ba su haɗa da China ba, saboda adadi masu aminci suna ci gaba da kasancewa ga ƙasar". 1,176 daga cikin 1,320 duka sun kasance a Iran.

A cewar wata kasida ta 2011 ta Lawyers Collective, wata kungiya mai zaman kanta a Indiya, "kasashe 32 sun sanya hukuncin kisa ga laifuka da suka shafi kwayoyi da abubuwan da ke haifar da hankali. "  Wata kasida ta 2015 ta The Economist ta ce dokokin kasashe 32 suna ba da hukuncin kisa ga safarar miyagun ƙwayoyi. 

 Bayani na gaba ɗaya 
Hukunce-hukunce don laifuka masu alaƙa da miyagun ƙwayoyi, musamman don fataucin mutane, sune mafi tsauri a ƙasashen Asiya. A watan Janairun shekara ta 2014, Shugaba Thein Sein na Myanmar ya sauya dukkan hukuncin kisa na kasar zuwa ɗaurin rai da rai. A Koriya ta Kudu, doka ta ci gaba da samar da hukuncin kisa ga laifukan miyagun ƙwayoyi, kodayake a halin yanzu tana da jinkiri kan hukuncin kisa: ba a yi kisa ba tun 1997, amma har yanzu akwai mutane a kan layin mutuwa, kuma ana ci gaba da ba da sabon hukuncin kisa. Duk da yake an soke hukuncin kisa a Philippines, Yaƙin Magunguna na Philippines ya haifar da dubban kisan gillar da ba a yi wa masu fataucin miyagun ƙwayoyi ba, wanda shugaban kasar Rodrigo Duterte da gwamnatinsa suka amince da shi.

 Amfani da ƙasa 
Harm Reduction International ya rushe kasashe ta hanyar babban aikace-aikace, ƙananan aikace-aikacen, aikace-aikacin alama, da rashin isasshen bayanai.

Lura: Asterisk  (*)  bayan sunan ƙasar yana nuna Laifi a cikin hanyoyin LOCATION.
+Nations that retain the death penalty for drug offenses by law or extrajudicial execution.LocationApplicationNotes LowArchived . October 10, 2015 was 13th World Day.  Low  Symbolic  HighRanks first in the world by number of executions related to drug trafficking. Symbolic  Low Low  SymbolicOption when a second conviction for drug trafficking in quantities specified.  HighDeath penalty for drug-related crimes depending on severity (drug trafficking, possession of large amounts of drugs, etc.), other drug-related crimes may result in life sentencing or other harsh punishments. See also: Bali Nine.  HighDrug trafficking cases are handled under the jurisdiction of the Islamic Revolutionary Court, a special court system that tries individuals accused of smuggling, blaspheming, or committing acts of treason. In 1988, the country's Guardian Council passed a law allowing courts to impose mandatory death sentences on drug-traffickers found in possession of specified amounts of proscribed narcotics. Iran ranks second in the world for most executions. In 2023, the country executed 853 individuals, with 481 of them convicted of drug-related offenses.  Low  Symbolic Low  Low Insufficient data  HighA Moroccan man was sentenced to death by the High Court on May 30, 2013, for trafficking in more than six kilograms of methamphetamine. A man was sentenced to death by hanging on September 3, 2021, for 299 grams of cannabis presumed to be for trafficking.Symbolic ExtrajudicialExtrajudicial executions. See Mexican drug war. SymbolicAccording to the cartography available on the French version of the website of the International Federation of Human Rights, drugs crimes can still be punished by the death penalty in Myanmar in theory.  High  Symbolic  Symbolic Low ExtrajudicialBy law the Philippines has no death penalty for anything. But the Philippine Drug War that was enacted under president Rodrigo Duterte has led to thousands of extrajudicial executions against suspected drug users and traffickers.  HighSaudi Arabia ranks third in the world for the most executions. 43 percent of those executed in 2015 had been convicted of smuggling drugs, ranging from heroin to marijuana. "Since May [2024], Saudi Arabia has executed 28 people on drug-related charges, according to an AFP tally based on official statements, up from just two in all of 2023."  HighSee Misuse of Drugs Act (Singapore).  SymbolicDrug trafficking can result in a death penalty; however, South Korea has not had an execution for such offenses since 1997.  Symbolic  Low  Symbolic Insufficient data  SymbolicLegal penalty under Narcotics Hazard Prevention Act, though rarely enforced in recent years. Last execution for drug trafficking offense is on October 7, 2002, although there exists those on death row.  Low Low  SymbolicVery large quantities or mixtures (e.g. on an industrial scale) of heroin, cocaine, ecgonine, phencyclidine (PCP), lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), marijuana, or methamphetamine may result in the death penalty in the United States. So far, no prisoner has been put on death row for this reason. While the United States Supreme Court in Kennedy v. Louisiana (2008) struck down capital punishment for crimes that do not result in the death of a victim, it has left open the possibility for "offenses against the State" – including crimes such as "drug kingpin activity" (also, treason and espionage). From a March 2018 article: "This week, U.S. Attorney General Jeff Sessions sent a memo to the nation’s federal prosecutors urging them to seek the death penalty in cases involving large-scale drug traffickers. The memo points to an existing but little-known federal law that already allows for such a punishment. Sessions’ memo talks largely about opioids, but federal law contains no such drug-specific limitation on prosecutors’ power."  High  Insufficient dataHarm Reduction International reports: "imposition of one death sentence for drug use and trafficking of amphetamines and cannabis resin in June 2022. This is the first drug-related death sentence noted by a reputable source in 11 years".

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba