Bautar a Afghanistan

Bautar a Afghanistan ta kasance a cikin Tarihin Afghanistan na gargajiya, ta ci gaba a lokacin Tsakiyar Tsakiya, kuma ta ci gaba har zuwa shekarun 1920. Asalin bayi a Afghanistan ya canza a lokuta daban-daban, kuma bayi a Afghanistan ba su da wata kabilanci. An soke bautar a hukumance a 1923. Wani nau'i na bautar jima'i na yara maza da ake kira bacha bāzī ya ci gaba har zuwa yau har zuwa 2025.

 Tarihi 
Kafin Daular Durrani (1747-1823), Afghanistan sau da yawa na wasu manyan jihohi, da farko Farisa. Tarihin ma'aikatar Afghanistan ta wakilci tarihin bautar a manyan jihohi. 

 Cinikin bayi 
Bayan nasarar Islama a Farisa, yankunan Farisa da Afghanistan da ba su tuba zuwa Islama an dauke su yankuna masu ridda, kuma a sakamakon haka, an dauke su a matsayin masu cin zarafin hare-haren bayi da aka kaddamar daga yankunan da yawan jama'arsu suka tuba zuwa Islami: misali Daylam a arewa maso yammacin Iran da yankin tsaunuka na 化ūr a tsakiyar Afghanistan dukansu sun fallasa hare-harun bayi waɗanda aka kaddara daga yankunan Musulmai

An yi la'akari da halatta don bautar da aka yi wa fursunoni; a lokacin da Afghanistan ta mamaye Farisa (1722-1730), alal misali, dubban mutane sun zama bayi, kuma Baluch sun kai hari a kai a kudu maso gabashin Iran don manufar kama mutane da juya su bayi. Cinikin bayi a Afghanistan ya kasance mai aiki sosai a arewa maso yamma, inda aka sayar da 400 zuwa 500 a kowace shekara. 

A cewar wani rahoto na balaguro zuwa Afghanistan da aka buga a Landan a 1871: Kasar gabaɗaya tsakanin Caubul (Kabul) da Oxus tana cikin yanayin da ba shi da doka; bautar tana da yawa kamar yadda ta kasance, kuma ta kai ta Hazara, Badakshan, Wakhan, Sirikul, Kunjūt (Hunza), da sauransu. Bawa, idan mutum mai ƙarfi zai iya tsayawa da aiki da kyau, a Upper Badakshan, an dauke shi da darajar daidai da ɗaya daga cikin manyan karnuka na ƙasar, ko na doki, yana da kusan daidai da Rs 80. Yarinyar bawa tana da daraja daga dawakai huɗu ko fiye, bisa ga kamanninta & c. ; maza, duk da haka, kusan koyaushe ana musayar su da karnuka. Lokacin da nake Little Tibet (Ladakh), wani bawa da ya dawo wanda ya kasance a cikin sojojin Kashmir ya nemi mafaka a sansanin na; ya ce an bi da shi sosai game da abinci da sauransu. , amma bai taba iya wucewa ba saboda an musanya shi da kare, kuma koyaushe yana magana a kan batun, mutumin da ya sayar da shi a bayyane yake yana tunanin kare shine mafi kyawun dabba daga cikin su biyu. A Lower Badakshan, da kuma wurare masu nisa, farashin bayi ya karu sosai, kuma ana biyan kuɗi a cikin tsabar kudi.A mayar da martani ga tashin hankali na Hazara na 1892, Sarkin Afghanistan Abdur Rahman Khan ya ayyana "Jihad" a kan Shi'a. Babban sojojinsa sun kayar da tawaye a tsakiya, a Oruzgan, a shekara ta 1892 kuma ana kashe jama'ar yankin. A cewar S. A. Mousavi, "an sayar da dubban Hazara maza, mata, da yara a matsayin bayi a kasuwannin Kabul da Qandahar, yayin da aka yi hasumiyoyi da yawa na kawunan mutane daga 'yan tawaye da aka ci nasara a matsayin gargadi ga wasu da za su iya kalubalanci mulkin Amir. "       

A Kudancin Iran, iyaye matalauta sun sayar da 'ya'yansu zuwa bautar, kuma a ƙarshen shekara ta 1900, shugabannin a kudancin Iran sun kai hari kan bayi."BARDA and BARDA-DĀRI iv. From the Mongols to the abolition of slavery". Encyclopædia Iranica. December 15, 1988. Retrieved 2022-10-12.

 Kasuwar bayi 
Kasuwannin fursunoni daga Kudancin Iran galibi suna cikin Arabiya da Afghanistan; "yawancin 'yan matan bayi da aka yi amfani da su a matsayin ma'aikatan gida a cikin gidajen sarakuna a Kandahar an kawo su ne daga gundumomin Ghayn"."BARDA and BARDA-DĀRI iv. From the Mongols to the abolition of slavery". Encyclopædia Iranica. December 15, 1988. Retrieved 2022-10-12.

Yawancin bayi suna aiki a matsayin ma'aikatan gona, bayi na gida da bayi na jima'i, yayin da wasu bayi suka yi aiki a mukamai na gudanarwa. Bayin a Afghanistan suna da wasu motsi na zamantakewa, musamman ma wadanda gwamnati ke da su. Bautar ta fi zama ruwan dare a garuruwa da birane, saboda wasu al'ummomin kabilun Afghanistan ba su shiga cikin cinikin bayi ba; a cewar wasu kafofin, yanayin rarrabawar kabilun Afghan ya tilasta wa yankunan birane da yawa su shigo da bayi don cika karancin ma'aikata. Yawancin bayi a Afghanistan an shigo da su ne daga Farisa da Asiya ta Tsakiya.

 Manazarta 
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba