Kulab din yanayi

Ƙungiyar Climate wani shiri ne na ƙasa da ƙasa da ke da nufin haɓaka haɗin gwiwar duniya don rage yawan hayaƙin iskar gas da kuma hanzarta rage fitar da iskar gas, musamman a manyan masana'antu da tattalin arziki masu tasowa. Kungiyar G7 ta kaddamar da ita a shekarar 2022, kungiyar ta Climate Club ta mai da hankali kan samar da hadin gwiwa tsakanin kasashe, masana'antu, da sauran masu ruwa da tsaki don cimma burin da aka tsara a yarjejeniyar Paris da kuma takaita yanayin zafi a duniya zuwa 1.5°C.

 Tarihi 
Ƙungiyar sauyin yanayi haɗin gwiwa ne na son rai a tsakanin ƙasashen da ke son ɗaukar tsauraran manufofin rage sauyin yanayi. Wani lokaci ana amfani da kalmar a hankali don komawa zuwa irin wannan kawancen yanayi na duniya. Koyaya, manufar ƙungiyar yanayi ta shahara sosai ta hanyar William Nordhaus, wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ta Nobel ta 2018 a fannin tattalin arziki.Chen, Cuicui; Zeckhauser, Richard (2018-02-01). "Collective action in an asymmetric world". Journal of Public Economics. 158: 103–112. doi:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2017.12.009. ISSN 0047-2727.Nordhaus, William (2015-04-01). "Climate Clubs: Overcoming Free-riding in International Climate Policy". American Economic Review. 105 (4): 1339–1370. doi:10.1257/aer.15000001. ISSN 0002-8282 A cikin tunaninsa, kulab din yanayi ya gabatar da farashin carbon a tsakanin kasashe mambobin kungiyar tare da biyan haraji kan duk wasu kayayyaki da ake shigo da su daga kasashen da ke wajen kulob din kuma ba su bullo da irin wannan farashin carbon ba. Ana sa ran hakan zai karfafawa wasu kasashe gwiwa don shiga kungiyar da kuma gabatar da farashin carbon.Hagen, Achim; Eisenack, Klaus (August 2019). "Climate Clubs Versus Single Coalitions: The Ambition of International Environmental Agreements". Climate Change Economics. 10 (3): 1950011. doi:10.1142/S2010007819500118. ISSN 2010-0078. S2CID 191735215.

Sigar G7 ta Ƙungiyar Yanayi ta ɗan bambanta kaɗan, tana mai da hankali kan haɗin gwiwa da hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa maimakon matakan ladabtarwa. Tunanin kafa kulob din yanayi ya samo asali ne daga kokarin da ake na dinke barakar da ke tsakanin kasashen da suka ci gaba da kuma masu tasowa kan harkokin yanayi. G7 ke jagoranta, musamman a ƙarƙashin jagorancin shugabar gwamnatin Jamus Olaf Scholz, an sanar da shirin ne a cikin Disamba 2022 yayin taron G7. An ƙera shi don haɓaka haɗin gwiwar kasa da kasa a cikin lalata carbon tare da guje wa manufofin kasuwanci na karewa da ɗigon carbon (matsar da masana'antu masu ƙarfin carbon zuwa ƙasashen da ke da ƙa'idodin sassauƙa). Bugu da ƙari kuma, ana gayyatar abokan ciniki cewa abokan ciniki suna tallafa wa juna wajen kawo sauyi a fannin masana'antu, a cikin samar da hydrogen, ammonia, danyen mai, methanol da man fetur na roba.28th Climate Change Conference in Dubai | Federal Government". Website of the Federal Government | Bundesregierung. 2023-12-13. Retrieved 2024-10-24.

 Tsari da Kasancewa 
Ƙungiyar Climate ƙungiya ce ta sa kai ta ƙasashe da abokan haɗin gwiwa da suka himmantu don haɓaka haɓaka masana'antu da ƙarfafa haɗin gwiwar yanayi. A cikin 2022, membobin da suka kafa sune: Jamus, Faransa, Italiya, Japan, Kanada, United Kingdom, Amurka da Tarayyar Turai. An bude kulob din sauyin yanayi ga wasu kasashe, kuma ana iya aika goron gayyata zuwa ci gaba da kuma sauran kasashe masu tasowa da tattalin arziki da kasashe masu tasowa, bisa bukata.

Tun daga watan Mayun 2025, akwai ƙasashe mambobi 46. Jamus da Chile su ne kujeru. Kungiyar Hadin Kan Tattalin Arziki da Ci Gaban Tattalin Arziki ne ke karbar bakuncin Sakatariyar, tare da Hukumar Kula da Makamashi ta Duniya.

 Kasashe membobi 
Kasashe masu shiga sun himmatu wajen inganta ayyukan sauyin yanayi ta hanyar manufofin cikin gida da yin aiki tare da abokan hulda na kasa da kasa don cimma burin kawar da iskar gas. Kungiyar ta kuma hada da manyan masu ruwa da tsaki daga masana'antu masu zaman kansu, kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu (NGOs), da cibiyoyi daban-daban kamar Hukumar Makamashi ta Duniya (IEA) da Tsarin Tsarin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan sauyin yanayi (UNFCCC) da Hukumar Raya Masana'antu ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNIDO).

 Duniyar Matchmaking Platform 
Kungiyar bunkasa masana'antu ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya tare da hadin gwiwar kungiyar kula da yanayi a COP29 a birnin Baku ne ake sa ran kaddamar da Dandalin Matchmaking na Duniya. Wannan yunƙuri na musamman an sadaukar da shi ne don haɓaka ɓarnawar sassan masana'antu masu nauyi a cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa da masu tasowa. A matsayin dandali na farko da ya mayar da hankali musamman kan hada kasashe da taimakon fasaha da kudi na duniya, yana bayar da tallafi don baiwa sassan masana'antu damar canzawa zuwa ayyukan da ba su da iska da sifili. Ta hanyar magance ƙayyadaddun buƙatun ƙasa, dandalin ya dace da ƙasashe tare da haɗin gwiwar abokan hulɗar bayarwa, da sauƙaƙe jigilar sabbin fasahohi, damar saka hannun jari, da jagorar manufofi don fitar da ƙaddamar da masana'antu masu ƙarfin kuzari kamar ƙarfe da siminti.

 Suka 

 Ra'ayi 
Ra'ayin kulob din yanayi ya sha suka daga kasashen da ke fargabar sanya kudade kan kayayyakin da suke fitarwa da kuma masu bincike da ke nuna shakku kan farashin carbon gaba daya. Wasu sun yi iƙirarin cewa wasu daga cikin waɗanda ake zaton sun yi hasara, kamar China da Indiya, za su samu a zahiri daga ƙungiyar yanayi da sakamakon ƙaddamar da farashin carbon.

An yi wa lakabin Tsarin Daidaita Kan Iyakar Carbon (CBAM) na EU a matsayin yuwuwar farkon kulab ɗin yanayi. Wasu suna ganin CBAM a matsayin kunkuntar da ba ta iya aiki a matsayin kulob din yanayi.Tarr, David G.; Kuznetsov, Dmitrii E.; Overland, Indra; Vakulchuk, Roman (2023-06-01). "Why carbon border adjustment mechanisms will not save the planet but a climate club and subsidies for transformative green technologies may". Energy Economics. 122: 106695. doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2023.106695. ISSN 0140-9883.

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