Batutuwan muhalli a Azerbaijan

Kamar yawancin tsoffin jumhuriyar Tarayyar Soviet, Azerbaijan ta sami ci gaban tattalin arziki cikin sauri wanda ya haifar da mummunan tasiri ga muhalli, gami da rashin amfani da albarkatun ƙasa .  Gwamnatin Azerbaijan ta yi niyya don haɓaka kare muhalli da kuma tabbatar da yin amfani da albarkatun kasa da ma'ana, kuma ta gabatar da wasu dokoki masu mahimmanci, takardun shari'a da shirye-shiryen jihohi don inganta yanayin muhalli a kasar. Duk da haka, waɗannan dokokin kiyayewa ba su yi tasiri ba kamar yadda ake so su kasance. Batun gaskiya ya kasance batun da ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a Azarbaijan, yayin da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da aka bai wa ikon tattara bayanai daga matatun mai galibi ana toshe su ko kuma a yi watsi da su, kuma ana tattara bayanansu ba bisa ka'ida ba. Masu kera mai na cikin gida sun sha kaucewa ka'idojin, kuma ba su hana kwararar mai a cikin Tekun Caspian ba. A cikin shekaru 30 masu zuwa.  Azerbaijan za ta samar da man fetur fiye da yadda ta ke hakowa a cikin karni na 20, kuma a halin yanzu babu wani tsari ko kiyaye muhalli a ayyukan hako mai. Haka kuma akwai karancin sadarwa da kasashen da ke makwabtaka da tekun Caspian.

Yankin Absheron, wanda ya haɗu da Tekun Caspian kuma inda babban birnin Baku yake, shine yankin da ya fi lalacewar muhalli a duniya saboda zubar da mai da kuma yaduwar amfani da sinadarai masu guba, gami da DDT.

 Tasirin lafiya 
Mafi tsananin nau'ikan gurɓata sune: man fetur da aka zubar a Lokacin Soviet, zubar da datti, raguwar stock na sturgeon, gurɓataccen iska mai tsanani, da kuma amfani da magungunan kashe kwari da taki. Yawancin mazauna yankin suna fuskantar gurɓataccen abu koyaushe, kuma sun yarda su zauna a ciki. Wasu ma sun yi sharhi game da kyawawan teku tare da man fetur da ke haskakawa a saman. Abin takaici, ƙanshi da tasirin bayyanar tururi mai cutarwa suna damuwa ga lafiyar yankin, musamman bakin tekun Azerbaijan. Sakamakon masana'antun man fetur sune damuwa game da kiwon lafiya masu zuwa: lahani ga huhu, narkewa, zagayawa, da tsarin rigakafi. A mafi munin yanayi, maye gurbin kwayar halitta na iya faruwa. Ruwan ƙasa kuma yana shafar zubar da mai, yana haifar da ciwon daji da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta kamar kwalara da hepatitis.

 Sauran nau'ikan gurɓata 
Wadannan sune manyan matsalolin muhalli na Azerbaijan:

 Rashin gurɓata albarkatun ruwa ta hanyar gabatar da ruwa mai gurɓata, gami da gurɓataccen ƙasa
 Samar da ruwa mai ƙarancin inganci ga yankunan da aka zauna, asarar ruwa mai kyau kafin isar da shi ga masu amfani na ƙarshe, rashin isasshen ci gaban tsarin sharaTsarin magudanar ruwa
 Rashin gurɓata iska daga masana'antu da motocin sufuri
 Rashin lalacewar ƙasa (rugujewa, hamada, da dai sauransu) 
 Kashe daji yayin da itatuwa masu cin wuta ke shafar sake zagayowar yanayi
 Rashin tsari na masana'antu da gidaje, da kuma sharar gidaje masu haɗari
 Ragewa a cikin bambancin halittu
 Ragewa a cikin gandun daji da dabbobi, musamman sakamakon kifi

 Manazarta