Berenice A. Carroll

Berenice Anita Carroll ( née Jacobs ; Disamba 14, 1932 - Mayu 10, 2018) masaniyar kimiyyar siyasar Amurka ce kuma mai fafutuka kwararriya kan nazarin zaman lafiya da rikice-rikice, ka'idar mata, da karatun mata. Carroll ya jagoranci ƙirƙirar shirin nazarin mata a Jami'ar Illinois Urbana-Champaign kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan shirin nazarin mata na Jami'ar Purdue. Ta ƙaddamar da kafa Kwamitin Gudanarwa kan Mata a Sana'ar Tarihi a 1969.

 Rayuwar farko da ilimi 
An haifi Carroll a ranar 14 ga Disamba, 1932, a Birnin New York zuwa Margaret da Morris Jacobs.  Carroll ya ba da kansa kuma ya rayu a cikin kibbutz a farkon 1950s.  Ta halarci Kwalejin Queens, Jami'ar City ta New York daga 1949 zuwa 1953, ta kammala karatun digiri a cikin Satumba 1953 tare da BA a tarihi, magna cum laude .  An zabe ta zuwa Phi Beta Kappa kuma ta gudanar da karatun Jami'ar Jihar New York. 

A Jami'ar Brown, Carroll ya kammala karatun digiri na digiri daga 1953 zuwa 1954 da kuma aikin koyarwa daga 1954 zuwa 1955. Ta gudanar da haɗin gwiwar Miss Abbott's School Alumnae da kuma digiri na digiri daga 1955 zuwa 1956.  Ta yi karatun tarihin Turai na zamani, tarihin sake fasalin tattalin arziki na Turai, tarihin ilimin kimiyya, tarihin kimiyya da tarihin Turai. tarihi, da tarihin siyasar Amurka tun daga 1783.  Carroll ya sami lambar yabo ta Fulbright kuma ya yi karatu a Jami'ar Frankfurt am Main daga 1956 zuwa 1957 da Jami'ar Göttingen a 1957.  A cikin 1957, ta sami wani haɗin gwiwar Miss Abbott's Alumnae na Jamusanci a cikin binciken haɗin gwiwar Alexandria. Sakamakon haka, daga Disamba 1957 zuwa Yuli 1959, Carroll ya shiga cikin ma'aikatan aikin microfilming na kwamitin Tarihi na Amurka don nazarin takardun yaƙi a Alexandria. 

Carroll ya kammala Ph.D. daga Jami'ar Brown a 1960.  Ƙididdigar ta na Yuni 1960 an yi wa lakabi da Design for Total War: Gasar 'Wehrwirtschaft' a ƙarƙashin Reich na Uku . Donald G. Rohr shi ne mashawarcinta na digiri. 

 Sana'a 
Carroll shi ne shugaban sashin karatun gabaɗaya a Jami'ar Illinois Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) daga 1966 zuwa 1969. 

An kafa Kwamitin Gudanarwa kan Mata a Sana'ar Tarihi a cikin 1969 bayan Carroll ya watsa wata wasiƙa yana kira ga matan da za su halarci taron shekara-shekara na Ƙungiyar Tarihi ta Amirka a Washington, DC, a cikin Disamba, su taru su tattauna ƙirƙirar ƙungiyar haɗin gwiwa.  Daga 1969 zuwa 1970, Carroll da Gerda Lerner sun yi aiki a matsayin kujeru.    Carroll shi ne kujera a 1971.  

Carroll ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan UIUC na sashen nazarin jinsi da mata daga 1983 zuwa 1987 kuma ya jagoranci ƙirƙirar shirin nazarin mata. Karamar karatun mata kuma an amince da ita a lokacin da take aiki. 

Carroll ya zama darektan shirin nazarin mata na Jami'ar Purdue a cikin 1990.  An ba ta lambar yabo ta Violet Haas "don bunkasa shirin ilimi wanda ya inganta ci gaban mata da hakkokinsu" yayin da yake Jami'ar Purdue. 

 Kamfen don Daidaita Haƙƙin Daidaita 
Carroll ya kasance mai goyan bayan Haƙƙin Daidaita Daidaita (ERA). A cikin 1981, Carroll ya kafa ƙungiyar da ake kira Grassroots Group of Citizens Class na biyu tare da masu fafutuka Mary Lee Sargent .  Georgia Fuller, mai fafutuka daga Kungiyar Mata ta Kasa a Virginia, ita ma ta shiga cikin wannan yakin kamar yadda sanannen mai goyon bayan ERA Sonia Johnson ta kasance. Wadannan matan sun shirya jerin ayyukan da ba na tashin hankali ba don wayar da kan jama'a game da gyara wanda ya kasa ganin amincewa da jihohi 38 da suka dace kafin 1982.  Bayan gazawar ERA a 1982, mambobin kungiyar Grassroots na Jama'a na biyu sun shirya jerin zanga-zangar kai tsaye tare da Mata masu tasowa a Resistance . 

 Rayuwa ta sirri 
Carroll ya auri Robert Carroll. Suna da 'ya'ya maza biyu.  Daga baya ta auri masanin ilimin halayyar dan adam Clint Flink.  Shel ya mutu a ranar Mayu 10, 2018, a Lafayette, Indiana . 

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Mutuwan 2018
Rukuni:Haifaffun 1932
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba