Kamfanin Yammacin Indiya na Faransa

Kamfanin Faransanci na Yammacin Indiya (Faransanci: Compagnie française des Indes occidentales) kamfani ne na kasuwanci na Masarautar Faransa wanda aka kafa a watan Mayu na shekara ta 1664 kuma daga ƙarshe an rufe shi a ƙarshen shekara ta 1674. Tunanin Ministan farko na Sarki Louis na sha huɗu Jean-Baptiste Colbert, kamfanin ya kasance wani ɓangare na dabarun da za a yi don yin gasa tare da ayyukan mulkin mallaka na Jamhuriyar Dutch a matakin duniya,  amma bai tsira daga rikici da ke tattare da Yaƙin French-Dutch a farkon shekarun 1670. A Afirka, Compagnie du Sénégal ne ya maye gurbinsa, da kuma ayyukan 'yan kasuwa masu zaman kansu a Amurka.

 Farawa 
A ranar 28 ga Mayu 1664 Conseil du Roi ta kirkiro Kamfanin Indiya ta Yamma kuma ta ba shi iko kan musayar kasuwanci tsakanin Faransa da "... duk ƙasashen biyayya a Arewa da Kudancin Amurka da tsibirin Amurka" da kuma wuraren kasuwanci na Faransa a bakin tekun Afirka daga Cape Verde zuwa Cape of Good Hope. Da farko an yi niyya ne don dawo da riba da fa'idodi na geopolitical na cinikayya mai nisa ga Faransa, da kuma bunkasa masana'antun jiragen ruwa da jiragen ruwa da kuma aikin tashar jiragen ruwa na Faransa.Philippe Haudrère & Gérard Le Bouedec (31 May 2023). "Fondation des Compagnies françaises des Indes". France Archives.

A lokacin da aka kafa shi, kamfanin ya amfana daga babban sadaukarwa na albarkatun kudi na jihar. Sarki ya yi rajista da Littattafan Faransanci miliyan biyu zuwa babban birninsa na farko, a kan miliyan 1.3 kawai daga masu biyan kuɗi masu zaman kansu. Bugu da ƙari, jihar ta himmatu ga tallafawa asarar kamfanin a cikin shekaru huɗu na farko na aiki kuma ta ba shi tallafi da aka jera akan yawan kasuwancin ta.Philippe Haudrère & Gérard Le Bouedec (31 May 2023). "Fondation des Compagnies françaises des Indes". France Archives.

Cibiyar aiki ta kamfanin a ƙasar Faransa da farko a Le Havre. Yin amfani da babban babban birnin kamfanin, a cikin ƙasa da watanni shida an sanye jiragen ruwa 45 kuma sun tashi zuwa wurare daban-daban a cikin tallafin kamfanin.

 Faransanci Kanada 
A shekara ta 1665 kamfanin ya sami Regiment Carignan-Salières don samar da tsaro daga hare-haren Iroquois, kuma ya ba da gudummawa ga daidaita mulkin mallaka tare da isowar mutane 1200 daga Dauphiné, Liguria, Piedmont da Savoy. A shekara ta 1666, Jean Talon ya shirya ƙidayar jama'a ta farko, inda ya ƙidaya mazauna 3215. Yawan jama'ar mulkin mallaka ya karu zuwa mazauna 6700 a cikin shekara ta 1672, sakamakon manufofi da ke ƙarfafa aure da haihuwa. A shekara ta 1667, kabilun Iroquois da yawa, Mohawks da Oneidas, sun amince da yin zaman lafiya.

Charles Aubert de La Chesnaye, ɗan kasuwa na fata a Tadoussac tsakanin 1663 da 1666, an nada shi babban magatakarda na kamfanin daga 1666 zuwa 1669, lokacin da ya bar kamfanin don yin katako a Lac-Saint-Jean, hutu da kuma zama na dogon lokaci a La Rochelle, wanda ya ba shi damar kafa dangantakar kasuwanci tare da ƙasashen Turai da yawa kuma ya mallaki tasoshin da yawa.

Bayan ya dawo Kanada Charles Aubert de La Chesnaye ya sami jim kadan bayan rushewar kamfanin, daga 1675 har zuwa 1681, haƙƙin kamfanin Kamfanin Yamma da abokinsa Jean Oudiette, kuma yana riƙe da mallakar fata na beaver, sannan babban fitarwa na Kanada. A shekara ta 1672, Jean Talon ya ba shi, tare da wasu abokan tarayya guda biyu, ikon mallakar Percé don zama tashar jiragen ruwa don jiragen kamun kifi. Ya sami ikon Riviere-du-Loup a ranar 23 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta 1673. Chesnaye ya kuma sayi rabin fiefs na St. Francis da St. John (1677), masarautar wurin shakatawa a gabashin Rivière-du-Loup (1675), da Hare Island (1677).

 Faransanci Caribbean 
Shuke-shuke na taba sun bunƙasa sosai a wasu yankunan Faransa. Kamfanin ya sami iko kan cinikin bayi daga Senegal, wanda tun daga shekara ta 1658 na Kamfanin Cape Verde da Senegal ne. A cikin shekara ta 1666 kamfanin ya kirkiro masu lissafi biyu a Dahomey (Benin), Savi da Ouidah, waɗanda suka sayi wasu samfuran wurare masu zafi.

Kamfanin ya fuskanci bukatun mazauna Faransa a cikin Caribbean, waɗanda ke shiga cikin smuggling tare da Dutch. Kasuwancinsa na kasuwanci ya haifar da farashin sake siyar da sukari ya zama haramtacce idan aka kwatanta da sukari da aka samar da kuma inganta a Barbados da Jamaica.

Masu shuka sukari na Faransa sun koka kuma sun zargi kamfanin da rashin isar da isasshen bayi, yayin da tsibirai makwabta da wasu manyan kasashen Turai ke sarrafawa suka shigo da bayi da yawa daga farkon shekarun 1670.

 Afirka 
[<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2025)">citation needed</span>]A cikin shekara ta 1669, Colbert da magoya bayansa sun shirya wani shiri na sirri don kwace sansanonin kasuwanci na Dutch a Gold Coast. An shirya ayyukan bincike da yawa. Daga Nuwamba 1670 zuwa Disamba 1671, alal misali, Colbert ya aika da jirgin Le Tourbillon, wanda Kyaftin Louis de Hally ya umarce shi tare da injiniya Louis Ancelin Gémozac. An haifi shirin, duk da haka, kuma hankalin Colbert da Sarki nan da nan ya juya zuwa Yakin Dutch. Duk da haka, an kafa dangantakar diflomasiyya mai dorewa tare da jihohin Afirka na Gold Coast. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida

 Mutuwa 
A shekara ta 1670, Colbert ya yi iƙirarin cewa kamfanin ya yi nasara a burinsa na ci gaba na motsa zirga-zirgar kasuwanci masu zaman kansu zuwa Faransa Amurka.Philippe Haudrère & Gérard Le Bouedec (31 May 2023). "Fondation des Compagnies françaises des Indes". France Archives. A lokacin yakin Franco-Dutch, kamfanin ya shiga cikin matsalolin kudi. Dole ne ya ranta kuɗi mai yawa kuma ya rabu da damarsa ta musamman ga gabar tekun Guinea. Kamfanin ya fara ne a watan Janairun shekara ta 1672, kuma an soke ikon mallakarsa a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1674, inda gwamnatin Faransa ta karɓi iko kai tsaye kan kadarorinta na Amurka.
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba
Manazarta