Ruwan murjani na Jamaica

Jamaica, tsibirin da ke cikin Tekun Caribbean, wanda aka sani da kasancewa sanannen wurin yawon bude ido saboda rairayin bakin teku na farin yashi, yanzu yana fuskantar batun raguwar murjani. Dukkanin abubuwan muhalli da na ɗan adam suna ba da gudummawa ga lalacewar waɗannan murjani, wanda ba za a iya gujewa ba ya shafi dorewar muhalli na Jamaica da tattalin arziki. An sanya matakai don magance mummunan sakamako da ke tattare da asarar murjani, wanda ke aiki a matsayin alama ce ta bege don farfado da yanayin Jamaica.

Halin ɗan adam yana da babban tasiri a kan murabba'in kilomita 479 na murabba'i na murabbaʼin murabba'ی na Jamaica, wanda ke da nau'ikan murabba'ikan murjani daban-daban 60. Wadannan reefs sune manyan abubuwan jan hankali ga masu yawon bude ido ga kasar, suna da asusun 27% na GDP. Saboda dogaro da tattalin arzikin Jamaica a kan wuraren ajiyar bakin teku, lalacewar coral reefs ya fi girma saboda ci gaba da lalacewar mazaunin.

 Yankin 
 na Jamaica na bakin teku    na murjani reefs kamar na 2014.  Duk da haka, raƙuman ruwa sun kasance mafi girma. Kimanin kashi 85% na murjani na Jamaica an rasa a tsakanin 1980 – 2000.  Rarraba ruwan Coral reef a arewacin gabar tekun Jamaica ya tashi daga Morant Point a gabas zuwa Negril a yamma. A bakin tekun kudu, raƙuman ruwa sun fi ƙuntatawa, suna faruwa galibi a yankin gabas na shelf na nahiyar kusa da Old Harbor da Port Royal . Reefs a gabar tekun kudu a wajen wannan yanki ƙanana ne tare da rarrabawa. 

 Bambancin murjani 
Ana samun nau'o'in murjani mai wuya a cikin reefs na Jamaica, gami da iyalai masu zuwa: Goreau, Thomas F. (1959). "The Ecology of Jamaican Coral Reefs I. Species Composition and Zonation". Ecology. 40 (1): 67–90. Bibcode:1959Ecol...40...67G. doi:10.2307/1929924. JSTOR 1929924.


 Dalilan raguwa 
Coral reefs suna cikin barazana saboda matsalolin muhalli kamar Yawan kamun kifi, gurɓata, guguwa, da cututtuka. Tun farkon matsakaiciyar su a cikin 1972, murfin murfin murjani na Jamaica ya ragu fiye da 50%. A shekara ta 2005, har zuwa kashi 95% na murjani an yi musu haske a wasu wurare."Jamaica". ClimateandReefs. Archived from the original on April 16, 2016. Retrieved 2017-08-06.
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 Ruwan murjani 
Haɓakawar matakan carbon dioxide a cikin yanayi kai tsaye yana da alaƙa da karuwar yanayin zafi na teku, wanda aka gani yana da mummunar tasiri ga lafiyar murjani. Canjin yanayi shine direba na murfin murjani wanda ke haifar da yanayin zafi na teku wanda ke tashi sama da matakan al'ada, don haka yana tilasta polyps na murjani su fitar da algae da suka raba dangantaka ta endosymbiotic tare da su. Corals na wurare masu zafi sun fi son ruwa mai zafi kuma yawanci suna zaune kusa da farfajiyar a iyakar zafi, sabili da haka lokacin da Yanayin teku ya fara tashi sama da ma'auni na al'ada ya zama damuwa. Da zarar yanayin muhalli ya zama mara kyau, murjani suna fuskantar wannan tsari a matsayin mafita ta ɗan gajeren lokaci na rayuwa, amma kasancewa mai tsawo ga yanayin da aka ambata na iya haifar da mutuwar murjani. Ba tare da babban mai ba da makamashi ba, corals za su fuskanci yunwa sannan su rasa launi, wanda zai haifar da gadaje na fararen corals "mai tsabta".

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