Yanayin yanayi na Seychelles

Seychelles wata karamar tsibiri ce a gabashin nahiyar Afirka da ke cikin Tekun Zanj a arewacin Madagascar, tare da Antsiranana a matsayin birni mafi kusa da ketare.  Seychelles tana tsakanin kusan 4ºS da 10ºS da 46ºE da 54ºE.  Al'ummar tsibiri ce mai tsibiran wurare masu zafi 155, wasu granite da wasu murjani, yawancinsu kanana ne kuma ba kowa.  Fadin kasa ya kai murabba'in kilomita 452 (sq mi) amma tsibiran sun bazu a kan keɓantaccen yanki na tattalin arziki mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 1,336,559 (516,048 sq mi).  Kusan kashi 90 cikin 100 na al'ummar 100,000 suna zaune a Mahé, kashi 9 cikin 100 a Praslin da La Digue.  Kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na yankin shine tsibirin Mahe da ƙarin kashi uku na adadin Aldabra.

Akwai yankuna biyu daban-daban, tsibirin dutse, tsibirin teku kawai na dutse na dutse da tsibirin coralline na waje. Tsibirin dutse sune tsibirai mafi tsufa a duniya, yayin da tsibirai na waje galibi matasa ne, kodayake ƙungiyar Aldabra da St Pierre (Farquhar Group) ba su da kyau, tsibirai masu tasowa waɗanda suka fito kuma suka nutse sau da yawa a cikin tarihin su, mafi yawan nutsewa daga kimanin shekaru 125,000 da suka gabata 

 Yanayin jiki 
The archipelago consists of 155 islands and thirty prominent rock formations scattered throughout a self-proclaimed exclusive economic zone of more than  of ocean. Some forty islands are granitic and lie in a  radius from Mahé, the main island. The remaining islands are coralline, stretching over a  radius from Ile Aux Vaches in the northeast to the Aldabra Atoll in the southwest. The country's Inner Islands are the granitic islands plus two nearby coralline islands, Bird Island and Denis Island.[<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span>] The remaining coralline islands are the Outer Islands.[<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span>] The islands are all small—the aggregate land area is only .

Mahé is  long and no more than  wide, with an area of .[<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span>] It contains the capital and only city, Victoria, an excellent port. Victoria lies approximately  east of Mombasa, Kenya;  southwest of Mumbai;  north of Mauritius; and  northeast of Madagascar. The only other important islands by virtue of their size and population are Praslin and La Digue, situated about thirty kilometers to the northeast of Mahé.

An kafa tsibirin dutse a kan wani yanki da ya rabu da farantin nahiyar Indiya a lokacin Palaeocene kimanin shekaru miliyan 66 da suka gabata yayin fashewar babban nahiyar Gondwana. Wannan rabuwar tana da alaƙa da aikin dutsen wuta wanda ya gina Mascarene Plateau .  Wadannan tsibirai na dutse suna da halayen tsaunuka da duwatsu masu tsawo har zuwa mita 940 (3,080  da ke tashi kwatsam daga teku. A wani wuri kuma, ƙananan filayen bakin teku sun kai ga gindin tuddai. Ana samun coral reefs da suka bunkasa sosai galibi a gabar gabas saboda iskar kasuwanci ta kudu maso yamma da halin yanzu. Kashi casa'in da tara na yawan jama'a suna kan tsibirin dutse, kuma mafi yawansu suna kan Mahé.

Tsibirin coralline sun bambanta sosai daga dutsen dutse saboda suna da faɗi sosai, sau da yawa suna tashi kawai da 'yan ƙafa (mita ɗaya) sama da matakin teku. Ba su da ruwa mai kyau, kuma kaɗan ne kawai ke da mazauna mazauna. Mutane da yawa, kamar Ile aux Vaches, Ile Denis, Isles Amirante, Platte Island, da Coetivy Island, yashi ne wanda aka kafa gonakin kwakwa masu yawa. Wasu daga cikin tsibirai na coralline sun kunshi reefs da atolls da aka rufe da tsire-tsire. Da yawa daga cikin wadannan tsibirai sun kasance muhimman wuraren kiwo ga turtles da tsuntsaye, da kuma shafukan yanar gizo na manyan ajiyar guano, wanda a baya ya zama muhimmin bangare na tattalin arzikin Seychellois amma yanzu ga mafi yawan sun ƙare. Tsibirin Aldabra, mafi girman tsibirin coralline tare da yanki mafi girma fiye da Mahe, wuri ne mai tsarki ga dabbobi da tsuntsaye masu ban mamaki.

Ƙungiyoyin tsibirai biyar na coralline da suka hada da Tsibirin Outer sune Kudancin Coral Group (wani lokaci na Île Platte da Coëtivy Island), Tsibirin Amirante, Ƙungiyar Alphonse (Alphonse Atoll da St. François Atoll), Aldabra_Group" id="mwoQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Aldabra Group">Kungiyar Aldabra (Aldabra Atoll, Tsibirin Assumption, da kuma Cosmoledo Group, wanda ya ƙunshi Cosmoleedo Atoll da Tsibirin Astove), da Farquhar Group (Farquhar Atoll, Providence Atoll da Tsibirin St. Pierre). 

 Ilimin ƙasa 
Bankin Seychelles an kafa shi ne a kan wani ginshiki na dutse, wani yanki da ya rabu da farantin nahiyoyin Indiya a lokacin Palaeocene kimanin shekaru miliyan 66 da suka gabata.  Wannan rabuwar tana da alaƙa da aikin volcanic wanda ya gina Mascarene Plateau.  Abubuwan da suka faru na syenite, diorite da microgranite a yammacin bankin Seychelles na iya yin nuni da cewa ajiyar da aka samu a arewa maso yammacin Tekun Indiya a fili ya kori Seychelles zuwa kudu maso yamma, wanda ya sa ta yi karo da gefen arewa maso gabas na Mascarene Basin.  Wannan karon zai iya haifar da ci gaban titin Amirante.  Wannan ƙirƙira na ɓarna yana da alaƙa da hotspot na Réunion wanda kuma ke da alhakin Tsibirin Réunion da Tarkon Deccan a Indiya.  Saboda dogon ware, Seychelles yana ba da bakuncin jinsi da yawa ciki har da Coco de mer, wata dabino wanda ke da mafi girma tsaba na kowane shuka mai girma a duniya.  [ana binciken hujja] [<span title="Wannan da'awar na bukatar nassoshi ga amintattun majiyoyi.>]

 Yanayi 
Yanayin Seychelles na wurare masu zafi ne, yana da ɗan bambancin yanayi. Yanayin zafi a kan Mahe da wuya ya tashi sama da  ° C (84 ° F) ko ya sauka ƙasa da  ° C (75 ° F).  Rashin zafi yana da yawa, amma tasirinsa na enervating yawanci ana inganta shi ta hanyar iskõki masu yawa. Ruwan kudu maso gabas daga ƙarshen Mayu zuwa Satumba yana kawo yanayin sanyi, kuma ruwan arewa maso yamma daga Maris zuwa Mayu, yanayin zafi.

Iska mai ƙarfi ba ta da yawa saboda yawancin tsibirai suna waje da belin guguwar Tekun Indiya; Mahe ta sha wahala kawai  tarihin da aka rubuta a 1862.  Matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a Mahe matsakaicin 2,880 millimeters (113 in) a matakin teku kuma kusan 3,550 millimeters (in) a kan gangaren dutse. Ruwan sama ya ɗan ƙasa a sauran tsibirai, matsakaicin matsakaicin 500 millimeters (20 in) a kowace shekara a tsibirin coral na kudancin.

Saboda karɓar ruwa yana samar da mafi yawan hanyoyin ruwa a Seychelles, bambancin shekara-shekara a cikin ruwan sama ko ma ɗan gajeren lokacin fari na iya haifar da ƙarancin ruwa. An gina ƙananan madatsun ruwa a kan Mahe tun daga shekara ta 1969 a kokarin tabbatar da wadatar ruwa mai aminci, amma fari har yanzu na iya zama matsala a kan Ma He kuma musamman a kan La Digue . 

 Tsire-tsire da dabbobi 
Seychelles ta ƙunshi aƙalla nau'ikan tsire-tsire na furanni 75, nau'in dabbobi masu shayarwa guda uku, nau'in tsuntsaye 14, nau'ikan dabbobi masu rarrafe 30 da masu rarrafe, da nau'ikan katantanwa da kwari da gizo-gizo da sauran nau'ikan katantanwa da ba a samu a wani wuri ba[1].  Bugu da ƙari, ruwan ya ƙunshi nau'ikan kifaye fiye da 900, waɗanda fiye da kashi ɗaya bisa uku suna da alaƙa da murjani reefs.  Misalai na musamman na tsuntsayen su ne Seychelles paradise flycatcher, Seychelles black parrot, Seychelles warbler, [2] da jirgin kasa mara tashi. Mafi shahara daga cikin dabbobin Seychelles sune manyan kunkuru na aldabrachelys.  [ana yanayi hujja] [citation need]

 Barazanar muhalli 
Vast amounts of plastic debris accumulate on beaches across Seychelles. Observational analysis suggests that most terrestrial debris originates from Indonesia, India, and Sri Lanka. Debris associated with fisheries including fish aggregating devices also poses a major problem.  Rats have reduced biodiversity on many islands.[<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span>] Climate change is also a significant issue.

Seychelles ta fara magance matsalar kiyayewa a ƙarshen shekarun 1960 ta hanyar kirkirar Hukumar Kula da Yanayi, daga baya aka sake masa suna Hukumar Kula da Muhalli ta Seychelles. An ware tsarin wuraren shakatawa na kasa da wuraren adana dabbobi wanda ke rufe kashi 42% na yankin ƙasar kuma kimanin  kilomita 260 (100 sq  na wuraren ruwa da ke kewaye. Shari'a tana kare namun daji kuma tana hana ayyuka daban-daban masu lalacewa.

Babban aikin ya sami tallafin Fonds Francais pour l'environnement Mondiale (FFEM) kuma Island Conservation Society ta aiwatar da shi. Wannan yana da niyyar farfadowa da haɓaka tsibirai don kula da bambancin halittu na asali a Seychelles ta hanyar kawar da nau'in da aka gabatar, farfado da wuraren zama da sake gabatar da nau'ikan da ba su da yawa ko barazana. An kawar da Rats daga Arewacin tsibirin, Cosmoledo Atoll da Conception Island.

 Gaskiya da adadi 
Yanayin ƙasa: 4°35′S 55°40′E / 4.583°S 55.667°E / -4.583; 55.667

Yankin: jimillar:: 459 km2 ƙasa: 459 км2 ruwa: 0 km2   

Yankin ƙasa: 0 km 

Maritime claims:
continental shelf:
 or to the edge of the continental margin
exclusive economic zone:
 with 
territorial sea:

Matsakaicin tsawo: mafi ƙasƙanci: Tekun Indiya 0 m mafi girma: Morne Seychellois 905 m

Albarkatun halitta: kifi, copra, itatuwan cinnamon

Muhalli - yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa: jam'iyya zuwa: Daban-daban na Halitta, Canjin Yanayi, Hamada, Nau'in Halitta, Haɗaɗɗiyar Sharar gida, Dokar Teku, Jibgar Ruwa, Haramtacciyar Gwajin Nukiliya, Kariyar Layer Ozone, Gurɓatar Jirgin ruwa, Whaling sanya hannu, amma ba a tabbatar da shi ba: Canjin Yanayi-Kyoto ProtocolYarjejeniyar Kyoto

 Tebur na Tsibirin 
TsibirinBabban BirniSauran biraneYankin (km2)  Yawan jama'aTsibirin InnerVictoriaHanyar wucewa, Babban Anse247.2089521Tsibirin MaheVictoria163.2078333Ba a san sunansa baBa a san sunansa baAnse Pimen Verde,0.105DokiGidaKapok Tree Beach, West Beach, Turtle Beach, South Point,1.27100Tsarin da aka tsaraRashin fahimta0.60AdninShirin Eden0.56100Ga shanu0.040Tsawon LokaciAnse Shangri-LaKurkukun Anse0.23100MahéVictoriaKashi, Anse Royale, Anse Boileau, Beau Vallon156.7077983MamaMama0.10Matsakaicin matsakaiciGidan Brendon GrimshawAnse Jolly Roger0.091ZagayeÎle Ronde[usurped]0.021Anne mai tsarkiBabban AnseAnse dutsen da ke cike da furanni, Anse Royal, Anse Tortue, Anse Manon,2.1940ThereseAnse Therese0.743Sauran TsibirinRomainville   An adana shi 2012-11-27 a Tsibirin Rana 0.560Tsibirin PraslinBabban AnseAnse Volbert, St. Anne42.207682Rashin ruwaƘauyen da ba shi da ruwaRobinson Crusoe rairayin bakin teku, Turtle rairayin kan teku,0.688Chauve SourisAnse Chauve Souris  An adana shi 2013-01-23 a 0.012Dan uwanDan uwansa0.296Dan uwanYankin gabasYammacin rairayin bakin teku, Arewacin rairayar bakin teku0.2616Mai son saniLaraie BayAnse St. Joseph, arse papao, babban arse, ja tip (ja), arse badamer, caimant tip, turtoise point,2.867Hauwa'uShirin Tsibirin Hauwa'u0.27100PraslinBabban AnseAnse Volbert, Bay St. AnneBayar St. Anne37.567533ZagayeAnse RoundAnse Chez Gaby0.1910Sauran TsibirinTsibirin Booby0.070La Digue da Tsibirin InnerTafiya41.803506TsuntsuGarin Tsibirin TsuntsuMasu kallon tsuntsaye0.7538DenisSt. Denisiyakar arewa, katako na azurfa, baƙar fata,1.4380Farin CikiLa PeniceShekaru Zil Pasyon, Shekaru Masu Girma,2.6820Jirgin RuwaJirgin RuwaAnse Lesange, Anse Bambous,2.20214Tsibirin 'Yan uwaOtal din Grand SoeurƘaramar Ƙaramar1.182DigueTafiyaAnse dankali, cap bayard, babban anse, dutse itace, L'Union, La Reunion10.302800MarianneShekaru da KotunYankin da ke kan dutsen Joncs, Yankin da ake kira Grand Glacis0.970ArewaNorth Island LodgeGabashin Gabas, Yammacin Yamma (ko Babban Anse), Honeymoon Cove, Dive Beach2.00152Siffar mutumTafiyaBabban Barbe,20.00200Sauran TsibirinCocosRecife0.290Tsibirin waje (Coëtivy) Rashin jinin da aka yi amfani da shiAlphonse211.8503Kungiyar AldabraTunanin rairayin bakin teku na yammaTashar tsibirin Picard, Aldabra anse mais, Aldabr anse var,178.2412AldabraTashar tsibirin PicardAnse amma, anse var,155.40TunaninTunanin rairayin bakin teku na yamma11.612Cosmoledo5.130Astove7.90Sauran Tsibirin0.0Ƙungiyar AlphonseGabashin GabasKudancin Anse2.284AlphonseGabashin GabasKudancin Anse1.784St. Francis0.50Sauran Tsibirin0.0Ƙungiyar AmiranteRushewaD'Arros, Arewacin Piri, Remire (Eagle), Marie Louise9.9123D'ArrosGidanYankin rairayin bakin teku na arewa1.542Rushewaƙauyen kudancinarewa maso gabas, Bombe Bay,3.2450AlbasaPiri na ArewaKudancin Kudancin2.4810Rashin (Jama'a) 0.6Marie LouiseƘauyen arewa maso yamma0.5315Sauran Tsibirin2.150Kungiyar FarquharFarquhar Anse FrancGudanarwa13.221FarquharAnse FrancAshirin da biyar8.0015Gudanarwa3.56Tsibirin St. Pierre1.60Sauran Tsibirin0.10Kungiyar Kudancin CoralHaɗin kaiTsibirin Platte9.96263Haɗin kaiHaɗin kai9.31260FarantinTsibirin Platte0.653Sauran Tsibirin0.00SeychellesVictoria459.090024

 Abubuwa masu tsanani 
Wannan jerin manyan wurare ne na Seychelles, wuraren da ke arewa, kudu, gabas ko yamma fiye da kowane wuri.

 Yankin arewacin - Tsibirin Bird, Gundumar Tsibirin Outer
 Yankin Gabas mafi Girma - Tsibirin Coëtivy, Gundumar Tsibirin waje
 Yankin kudu - Tsibirin Goelette, Farquhar Group, Gundumar Tsibirin waje
 Yammacin Yamma - Tsibirin Yamma, Tsibirin Aldabra, Gundumar Tsibirin Outer
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba