Alamun gargadin guguwar yanayi mai zafi na Hong Kong

Cibiyar sa ido ta Hong Kong ta fitar da siginonin gargaɗin guguwar yanayi mai zafi na Hong Kong don yin gargaɗi game da yuwuwar barazana ko tasirin guguwar mai zafi a yankin Hong Kong mafi girma. Ana wakilta sigina tare da saitin lambobi da alamomi. A baya can, ana amfani da fitilu da dare.

Tsarin gargaɗin da ake amfani da shi a halin yanzu a Hong Kong yana dogara ne akan matakin sigina daga matakin mafi ƙasƙanci, Siginar Hurricane No. 1, zuwa matakin mafi girma, Siginar Hurricane No. 10. Lambobin sigina na iya canzawa daidai da yanayin. Da zarar an fitar da duk wata sigina da ta haura na 3, hukumomin gwamnati, makarantu, kasuwannin hada-hadar kudi, da kuma mafi yawan kamfanoni sun rufe ayyukansu.

A lokacin manyan guguwa kamar Typhoon Hato a cikin 2017 da Typhoon Mangkhut a cikin 2018, an dakatar da zirga-zirgar jama'a kuma an rufe makarantu da kasuwanci.

 Sharar fage 

 Farko 
A cikin Mayu 1884, Cibiyar Kula da Hong Kong ta fara gargadi game da guguwar yanayi mai zafi ta hanyar sanar da jaridu da kamfanonin telegraph. Daga baya waccan shekarar, cibiyar lura ta aiwatar da tsarin gargadi na gani na farko a cikin watan Agusta. Ya yi amfani da tsarin ganguna, mazugi, da ƙwallo don nuna kasancewar guguwar yanayi mai zafi a kewayen Hong Kong da matsayinta. An cilla siginar ne a kan wani mastayi da ke gaban barikin 'yan sanda na Tsim Sha Tsui. Ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa da farko sun yi amfani da shi don taimakawa tsara hanyarsu. Alamar ba ta nuna wata barazanar mahaukaciyar guguwa da ke shafar Hong Kong ba.Lui, WH; Lee, TC; Shun, CM (2018). Technical Note No. 109 Evolution of the Tropical Cyclone Warning Systems in Hong Kong since 1884 (PDF). Hong Kong Observatory. pp. 3–10.

A watan Agusta 1884, Hong Kong Observatory ya fara amfani da bindigar mahaukaciyar guguwa don gargadi mazauna yanayi masu haɗari. An harba harbi daya don nuna lokacin da ake tsammanin gales mai karfi. An harba biyu a lokacin da ake tsammanin iska mai karfin guguwa kuma an sake harba bindiga a duk lokacin da iskar ta canza hanya. Da farko, an kuma yi amfani da wannan bindigar don sanar da isar da saƙo daga London. Wannan ya haifar da rudani ga mazauna, don haka a cikin 1886, an daina amfani da bindigogi don isar da wasiku.Choy, Chun-wing; Lui, Yuk-sing (May 2023). "A Brief History of "Typhoon Gun" ｜Hong Kong Observatory(HKO)｜Educational Resources". hko.gov.hk.

 Siginar gani da aka bita 
A cikin 1890, an fara amfani da launin baƙar fata tare da ganga, mazugi, da siginar gani na ball don nuna nisan hadari daga Hong Kong. An ci gaba da amfani da ja don guguwa aƙalla kilomita 300 daga nesa, yayin da aka yi amfani da baƙar fata don guguwar da ke kusa da kilomita 300.

A cikin Fabrairun 1897, alamun guguwar da Admiral Robert FitzRoy ya kirkira a cikin 1861 an gabatar da su a Hong Kong tare da ƙaramin canji. Tsarin gargadin guguwa da aka gyara ya ƙunshi sigina na guguwa a cikin nau'in mazugi ko ganga da sigina na dare. An ɗaga mazugi mai nuni zuwa sama don faɗakar da gales daga arewa ko gabas, yayin da mazugi mai nuni zuwa ƙasa yayi gargaɗin gales daga kudu ko yamma. An ƙara ganga a cikin mazugi lokacin da ake tsammanin guguwa mai ƙarfi da za ta iya kaiwa ga guguwa. Sigina na dare ya ƙunshi fitilu masu launi daban-daban guda uku da aka rataye a kan firam ɗin triangular, suna nuni zuwa sama ko ƙasa. Babu fitulun da aka ɗaga don wakiltar ganga.

 Tsarin Lambobin Farko 
A cikin 1917, Hong Kong ta fara amfani da sigina masu lamba. Sabon tsarin ya ƙunshi sigina bakwai (A'a. 1-7). An yi amfani da sigina na 1 azaman siginar jiran aiki, Sigina No. 2-5 an yi amfani da su bi da bi don gales da ke fitowa daga kowane shugabanci na Cardinal (arewa, kudu, gabas, da yamma), Sigina No. 6 don gales na karuwa mai karfi, da Sigina No. 7 don iskar guguwa.

 Tarihi 
A cikin 1917, an aiwatar da tsarin sigina mai lamba don faɗakar da yanayin iska a cikin ƙasa

Tsarin halin yanzu

bisa ga ka'idojin doka da kwastam a Hong Kong, da zarar an fitar da duk wata sigina da ta fi lamba 3, duk hukumomin gwamnati sun rufe ayyukansu. Makarantu, kasuwannin kuɗi, da yawancin kamfanoni masu zaman kansu suna rufe. Ana sakin ma'aikatan da ba su da mahimmanci daga aiki ta hanyar da ba ta dace ba don guje wa cunkoson ababen hawa. Hukumomin zirga-zirgar jama'a gabaɗaya suna ci gaba da aiki da farko amma suna iya daina aiki cikin ɗan gajeren sanarwa. Tun a shekarar 1987 cibiyar sa ido ta Hong Kong ta ba da gargadin sa'o'i biyu gabanin bayar da siginar gargadi na lamba 8."Related Advisory Information and Arrangements from Bureaux and Departments in Tropical Cyclone Situations". Hong Kong Observatory

 Suka 
A cikin farkonsa, tsarin ya dogara da saurin iska da aka auna a kusa da tashar jiragen ruwa na Victoria. Yayin da aka mayar da hankali ga yin hidima ga al’ummar da ke cikin birane, ana ganin irin waɗannan abubuwan da aka lura ba su da wani tasiri.Regional Wind Information". Hong Kong Observatory. An soki cibiyar sa ido ta Hong Kong a lokacin Typhoon Prapiroon a 2006, lokacin da yanayi a cikin birane ya yi tsanani sosai fiye da na tashar jiragen ruwa, wanda ya ba da hujjar yin amfani da sigina na 3 kawai. Dangane da martani, a cikin 2007, Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya ta Hong Kong ta faɗaɗa hanyar sadarwar ta zuwa na'urori takwas na kusa da teku a kusa da Hong Kong.

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