Harry J. Capehart

Harry Jheopart Capehart Sr. (2 ga Mayu, 1881 - 15 ga Mayu, 1955) lauya ne na Amurka, ɗan siyasa, kuma ɗan kasuwa a jihar West Virginia ta Amurka . Capehart ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na West Virginia House of Delegates, yana wakiltar McDowell County na wa'adi uku a jere, daga 1919 zuwa 1925. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin mai tantancewa, wakilin gari, da lauyan gari na Keystone, West Virginia .

An haifi Capehart a shekara ta 1881 a Charleston, West Virginia . Ya yi karatu a makarantun jama'a na Charleston, ya halarci Kwalejin Fairview Normal a Proctorville, Ohio, kuma ya sami digiri na farko na Shari'a (LL.B.) tare da girmamawa daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Howard a 1913. A cikin mako guda bayan kammala karatunsa daga Howard, an shigar da Capehart don yin aiki a gaban Kotun Koli ta West Virginia. A wannan shekarar, ya bude ofishin lauya a Keystone.

Capehart ya kasance mai aiki a cikin Jam'iyyar Republican ta Yammacin Virginia kuma ya zama shugaban jam'iyya a McDowell County . Bayan ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara na birnin Keystone kuma a matsayin mai kula da gari, an zabi Capehart zuwa wa'adi uku a jere a cikin West Virginia House of Delegates wakiltar McDowell County. A matsayinsa na memba na gida, Capehart ya cimma nasarori masu yawa na majalisa. A cikin 1919, ya gabatar da Dokar Gida (H.B.) 15, wanda ya kafa ma'aikatar jihar ga ɗaliban Afirka da makafi na West Virginia a ƙarƙashin gudanarwar Hukumar Kula da Jiha. Kuma a cikin 1921, Capehart ya gabatar da H.B. 270, wanda ya kafa hukunci don lynchings kuma ya zama sananne da Dokar Capehart Anti-Lynch.  

Bayan ya yi aiki a Majalisar Wakilai ta Yammacin Virginia, an nada Capehart Mataimakin Lauyan Amurka na Kudancin Yammacin West Virginia a 1932, kuma a 1934, an nada shi kwamishinan sulhu na Hukumar Kula da Kudin Noma a lokacin Babban Mawuyacin hali. Capehart ya ci gaba da aiki a cikin Jam'iyyar Republican a matakin kasa, jihohi, da na gida. Ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan Sashen Launi na Hedikwatar Jam'iyyar Republican ta Yammacin Virginia, kuma ya jagoranci Kwamitin Shirye-shiryen Sashen Launin Gabas na Jamhuriyar Republican (RNC) don yakin neman zaben Wendell Willkie wanda ya kai ga zaben shugaban Amurka na 1940. A shekara ta 1937, Ƙungiyar Lauyoyi ta Kasa ta nada Capehart a matsayin darakta na yanki na Virginia da West Virginia. Ya mutu a 1955 a Bluefield, West Virginia .

 Rayuwar farko da ilimi 
An haifi Harry Jheopart Capehart a Charleston, West Virginia, a ranar 2 ga Mayu, 1881,   ɗan ɗan kasuwa Joseph Capehart da matarsa Maggie Woodyard Capehart .   Kakannin mahaifiyar Capehart sun kasance bayi a Arewacin Carolina; an ba su kyauta kafin Sanarwar Emancipation kuma an ba su gonar gona a cikin Logan County na yanzu, West Virginia, inda suka shiga aikin gona da katako. 

Capehart ya sami ilimin farko a makarantun jama'a na Charleston. Daga nan ya kammala karatu daga Kwalejin Fairview Normal a Proctorville, Ohio, a cikin 1901   Koyaya, an tilasta Capehart ya jinkirta ƙarin karatun sakandare don samun kuɗi don taimakawa mahaifiyarsa gwauruwa wajen tayar da 'yan uwansa huɗu. Kafin ya halarci makarantar shari'a, ya yi aiki a matsayin mai sa tufafi, ɗan kasuwa, da kuma malamin makaranta. Capehart ya yi karatu a Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Howard, inda ya sami digiri na farko na Shari'a (LL.B.), ya kammala karatu tare da mafi girman girmamawa a shekara ta 1913.  

 Ayyukan shari'a da kasuwanci 
alt=Photograph view of buildings in downtown Welch, West Virginia, in 1915.|right|thumb|Cibiyar Welch, 1915
A cikin mako guda bayan kammala karatunsa daga Howard, an shigar da Capehart don yin aiki a gaban Kotun Koli ta West Virginia.  Ya yi jayayya da shari'arsa ta farko a gaban Kotun Koli ta Jiha shekara guda bayan haka a shekara ta 1914. A cikin 1913, Capehart ya fara aiki da doka kuma ya kafa ofishin lauya mai nasara a Keystone. Ya kasance daya daga cikin lauyoyi 23 na Afirka da Amurka a Yammacin Virginia a shekarar 1920, kuma daya daga cikin 20 kawai a shekarar 1930.  Ya koma daga Keystone zuwa Welch, West Virginia, a cikin 1920s.    A Welch, Capehart ya kafa kamfanin lauya Froe da Capehart tare da Mai rikodin Ayyuka na Gundumar Columbia, Arthur G. Froe. A shekara ta 1930, Leon P. Miller, mataimakin lauyan mai gabatar da kara na McDowell County, ya shiga Froe da Capehart, ya kafa Froe, Capehart da Miller,   kuma a shekara ta 1937, Capehart ya zama babban abokin tarayya na kamfanin, wanda ya zama Capehart and Miller.     Ɗansa, Harry J. Capehart Jr., ya shiga kamfanin, bayan haka ya zama sananne da Capehart, Miller, da Capehard.  A duk lokacin da yake aiki a matsayin lauya, ayyukan Capehart sun kasance masu neman gaske daga abokan ciniki na Afirka da fari. 

Bayan shekaru biyar na yin aiki a matsayin lauya, a cikin 1918 Capehart ya zama mai aiki a masana'antar ƙasa. A shekara ta 1923, ya ci gaba da cinikin ƙasa mai cin nasara tare da ofisoshi a Welch da Bluefield, West Virginia . 

 Rayuwa da mutuwa daga baya 
A watan Yulin 1942, Capehart ya gabatar da wasu maganganu a lokacin da aka keɓe sansanin Negro 4-H na Jihar Virginia a sansanin Washington-Carver Complex kusa da Clifftop .  Ya kasance babban mai magana da ya fara a bikin kammala karatun Mayu 1943 a Kwalejin Jihar North Carolina A&T .  A shekara ta 1943, an zabi Capehart a matsayin memba na Kwamitin Amintattun Jami'ar Howard,  kuma an sake zabarsa a watan Afrilu 1950, yana aiki a matsayin mai amincewa har zuwa 1952.  

Capehart ya ci gaba da yin aiki a matsayin lauya kusan har zuwa mutuwarsa. A cikin babban shari'arsa ta ƙarshe, ya kare Melvin Loveless a lokacin shari'ar kisan kai da kuma roko game da kisa. Capehart ya mutu a ranar 15 ga Mayu, 1955, a asibitin St. Mary a Bluefield bayan wani ɗan gajeren rashin lafiya. A lokacin mutuwarsa, Capehart yana zaune a 14 Virginia Avenue a Welch. Ya mutu ne daga zubar da jini na ciki wanda ya haifar da aneurysm na ciki da arteriosclerosis. An gudanar da jana'izar Capehart a cocin Virginia Avenue Methodist Church a Welch a ranar 19 ga Mayu, 1955.   An binnewa shi a Kabari na Oak Grove a Bluewell, West Virginia, a wannan rana.   

 Kyauta 
A cikin Arthur Bunyan Caldwell's West Virginia Edition of the History of the American Negro (1923), Caldwell ya bayyana Capehart a matsayin " lauya mai cin nasara da ɗan kasuwa" kuma ya yaba masa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan shugabannin da ke kare "dokokin gine-gine da ci gaba da suka shafi al'amuran launin fata" na West Virginia. Caldwell ya kara da cewa Capehart ya kasance "ɗalibi ne mai hankali na yanayi" kuma ya yi imanin cewa, "ci gaban dindindin na tseren dole ne ya dogara da ilimi da faɗaɗa aiki a cikin kasuwancin kasuwanci da masana'antu".

A watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2005, Hukumar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Yammacin Virginia ta girmama Capehart bayan mutuwarsa a bikin Ranar Kare Hakkin Jama'a ta Yammaci Virginia a Cibiyar Ayyukan Ayyuka ta Charleston . 

 Manazarta 

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