Alamar mutum

Alamar mutum ko Stigmating shine tsari wanda alama, yawanci alama ko tsari na kayan ado, ana ƙone shi a cikin fata na mutum mai rai, tare da niyyar sakamakon lalacewa ya sa ya zama na dindindin. Ana yin wannan ta amfani da ƙarfe mai zafi ko sanyi sosai. Saboda haka yana amfani da dabarun jiki na Alamar dabbobi a kan mutum, ko dai tare da yardar rai a matsayin wani nau'i na gyaran jiki; ko a karkashin tilastawa, a matsayin horo ko don gano Bautar, zalunci, ko kuma mutum mai sarrafawa. Hakanan ana iya yin sa azaman "al'adar wucewa", misali a cikin wata kabila, ko kuma nuna zama memba ko karɓa cikin ƙungiya.
Magana
Kalmomin Ingilishi "don ƙonewa", wanda aka tabbatar tun daga karni na 12, haɗuwa ne na Tsohon Norse brenna "don ƙonawa, haske", da kuma kalmomi biyu na asali na Tsohon Ingilishi: Bornan "don ƙuna" (mai wucewa) da beornan "don kasancewa a wuta" (mai canzawa), duka daga tushen Proto-Jamusanci bren (wanan) , watakila daga tushen Proto'Indo-Turai-n-u, daga tushe bhereu- "don tafasa gaba, da kyau". A cikin Yaren mutanen Holland, (duba) Branden yana nufin "ƙonewa", brandmerk alama ce; Hakanan, a cikin Jamusanci, Brandzeichen yana nufin "alama" da brandmarken, "zuwa alama".

Wani lokaci, ana amfani da kalmar cauterize. Wannan an san shi a Turanci tun daga shekara ta 1541, kuma an samo shi ne ta hanyar cauteriser na Faransanci na zamani daga Late Latin Cauterizare "don ƙonewa ko alama tare da baƙin ƙarfe mai zafi", kanta daga Girkanci καυτηρι糖ν, kauter, daga κα заблуρ kauter "ƙonewa ko alamar ƙarfe", daga kaiειν kaiein "don ƙona". Koyaya, ana fahimtar cauterization yanzu yana nufin tsarin kiwon lafiya - musamman, don dakatar da zubar da jini.
Tarihi
Turai, Amurka, da sauran masu mulkin mallaka sun sanya miliyoyin bayi a lokacin Cinikin bayi na Atlantic. Wani lokaci akwai alamomi da yawa, misali ga kambin Portuguese da (s) mai zaman kansa (s), ƙarin gicciye bayan baftisma da kuma masu kama bayi na Afirka.

Tsohon Romawa sun yi wa bayi masu gudu alama da haruffa FVG (don fugitivus).
A Sudan ta zamani, akwai rahotanni game da alamar bayi.https://www.hrw.org/reports/1995/Sudan.htm
Wani lamari na tsakiya tsakanin bautar da doka ta aikata laifuka shine lokacin da aka sanya wa wanda aka yanke masa hukunci alama kuma an rage shi bisa doka, tare da ko ba tare da iyakar lokaci ba, zuwa matsayin bawa, kamar a kan galleys (a Faransa ana kiranta GAL ko TF travaux forcés 'aikin tilasta' har zuwa 1832), a cikin mulkin mallaka, ko kuma a siyarwa ga mai zaman kansa.

A cikin dokar aikata laifuka, sanya alama tare da baƙin ƙarfe mai zafi shine yanayin azabtarwa wanda ya kunshi sanya alamar batun kamar kayan ko dabbobi, wani lokacin a lokaci guda tare da rage matsayinsu a rayuwa.

An kuma yi amfani da alamun alama a matsayin horo ga masu aikata laifuka da aka yanke musu hukunci, tare da haɗuwa da azabtarwa ta jiki, saboda ƙonewa yana da zafi sosai, tare da wulakanci na jama'a (mafi girma idan an yi alama a kan wani bangare na jiki) wanda a nan shine mafi mahimmancin niyya, kuma tare da sanya rikodin laifi wanda ba za a iya mantawa da shi bahttp://www.credoreference.com/entry/sharperail/punishments

A cikin karni na 16, an yi wa Anabaptists na Jamus alama da gicciye a goshin su saboda ƙin karkatar da bangaskiyarsu kuma su shiga cocin Roman Katolika.

A farkon matakai na Juyin Juya Halin Amurka, wasu Loyalists an yi musu alama a fuska tare da haruffa G.R (don George Rex, watau Sarki George) ta Patriots a matsayin horo don ganin bautar da aka yi wa Crown.https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4224&context=etdhttps://web.archive.org/web/20141006101204/http://www.stbenedictcollege.org/stlucija/files/Sandro%20Sciberras/Form%203%20Option%20Maltese%20History/Unit%20E_%20The%20Decline%20of%20the%20Order%20+%20WS%2010p.pdf
Manazarta