Yanayin Kosovo

Kosovo karamar ƙasa ce.  Saboda yanayin yanayi da tsarin rikitarwa na taimako yana da nau'ikan tsarin yanayi.

Kosovo tana cikin kudancin tsakiyar latitude na arewacin arewa kuma yanayin yanayi na Bahar Rum da Yanayin Yammacin Turai sun shafe shi. Muhimman abubuwan da ke shafar yanayin Kosovo sune: matsayinta ga Eurasia da Afirka, yawan ruwa (Ocean Atlantika da Tekun Bahar Rum), yawan yanayi (na wurare masu zafi, arctic da na nahiyar) da sauransu. Ƙananan dalilai sune: taimako, hydrography, fili da ciyayi.

 Yankuna 
Yanayin fari na kwarin Ibar yana da tasiri da yawan iska a nahiyar.  Don haka, a wannan yankin, lokacin sanyi ya fi sanyi tare da matsakaicin zafi sama da -10 °C (14 °F), amma wani lokacin yana ƙasa zuwa -26 °C (-15 °F).  Lokacin zafi yana da zafi sosai tare da matsakaita yanayin zafi na 20 °C (68 °F), wani lokacin har zuwa 37 °C (99 °F).  Wannan yanki yana da yanayin bushewar yanayi da jimlar hazo na shekara-shekara na 600 mm a kowace shekara, kusan.  Yankin yanayi na Metohija, wanda ya hada da magudanar ruwa na kogin White Drin, yana da tasiri sosai daga yawan iska mai zafi, da ke ratsa Tekun Adriatic.  Matsakaicin yanayin zafi a lokacin hunturu kewayo daga 0.5 °C (32.9 °F) zuwa wani lokacin 22.8 °C (73.0 °F).  Matsakaicin hazo na shekara-shekara na wannan yanki na yanayin yana kusan 700 mm (28 a) kowace shekara.  Lokacin hunturu yana da tsananin dusar ƙanƙara.  Yanayin yanayi na tsaunuka da sassan gandun daji yana da yanayin yanayin dazuzzuka, wanda ke da alaƙa da ruwan sama mai yawa (900 zuwa 1,300 mm (35 zuwa 51 a) kowace shekara), da lokacin rani mai gajeru da sanyi, da lokacin sanyi mai sanyi da dusar ƙanƙara.  A ƙarshe, ana iya bayyana cewa yankin Kosovo yana da yanayin yanayin rana tare da yanayin zafi da yanayin zafi.[1]  Gabaɗayan tafiyar iska, yanayin lokaci  suna tilasta sauye-sauyen yanki da na ɗan lokaci na abubuwan yanayi.

 Yanayin zafi na iska 
Yanayin zafi na iska shine babban yanayin yanayi wanda ke nuna matakin zafi na iska kusa da yadudduka na duniya. A Kosovo akwai bambance-bambance na zafi a kwance da kuma tsaye. Yankin gabas ya fi sanyi fiye da yamma.

Matsakaicin zafin jiki na Kosovo na shekara guda shine 9.5 °C (49.1 °F).  Watan mafi zafi shine Yuli tare da 28.3 °C (82.9 °F), mafi sanyi shine Janairu tare da -18.7 °C (-1.7 °F).  Matsakaicin zafin jiki mafi girma na shekara yana cikin Prizren (12 ° C (54 °F)), mafi ƙarancin zafin jiki a Podujevë (9 °C (48 °F)).  Ban da Prizren da Istog, duk sauran tashoshin yanayi, a watan Janairu suna da matsakaicin zafi ƙasa da 0 °C (32 °F).

Baya ga matsakaicin yanayin zafin jiki, za a fahimci halaye na zafi na Kosovo a cikin nazarin ƙimar ƙima. Matsakaicin dabi'u a duk tashoshin yanayi sun fi  ° C (95 ° F), yayin da aka yi rajistar ƙimar mafi ƙanƙanta a ranar 6 ga Yuni, 1963 a Gjilan tare da darajar -32.5 ° C (-26.5 ° F). Dangane da taƙaitaccen, girman matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙimar a Kosovo shine  ° C (68.9 ° F). Motsawar zafin iska daga shekara zuwa shekara suna da kyau sosai. A ƙananan sassan Kosovo, kwanakin wurare masu zafi yawanci suna ɗaukar kwanaki 30.
BirniHawan samaJanFabrairuTekunAfriluMayuYuniYuliAugSatumbaOktobaNuwambaDisambaShekaraPeja5230.11.35.911.515.419.522.220.917.712.67.90.811.3Prizren4361.43.17.812.916.821.123.722.819.3149.32.512.9Mitrovica521 -0.70.55.310.514.918.921.520.316.811.97.20.510.6Pristina630 -0.90.14.810.514.919.121.12016.311.87.10.310.4Yanayin iska a Kosovo an auna shi a Celsius (°C) 
Ruwan sama muhimmiyar alama ce ta yanayi a Kosovo kuma tana wakiltar wani yanki na meteorological tare da manyan canje-canje tare da lokaci da ƙasa.  Babban fasali na ruwan sama na kowane yanki sune: nau'ikan ƙaddamarwa, rarraba su a cikin shekara, adadin shekara, tsarin tsarin pluviometric, adadin kwanakin tare da hazo da ƙarfin su.  Kuna iya ganin duk nau'ikan hazo a Kosovo.  Muhimmiyar mahimmanci yana da ruwan sama a cikin tsaunuka da kwaruruka, da kuma dusar ƙanƙara mai yawa a cikin manyan tsaunuka kamar tsaunukan la'anannu da Šar Mountains.  Kasancewar ƙanƙara wani lamari ne mara daɗi ga aikin noma a Kosovo.  Wannan nau'i na hazo yawanci yana faruwa a cikin Yuli da Agusta.

Kodayake Kosovo tan karamin yanki, akwai bambance-bambance tsakanin yankuna da yawan ruwan sama. Kosovo ta shafar tsarin ruwan sama na tsakiyar teku da na tsakiyar nahiyar. A yamma, nau'in tsakiyar teku ya fi kasancewa. Wannan nau'in tsarin hazo an san shi da manyan ruwan sama  shekara (sama da  mm ()), matsakaicin adadin a lokacin Nuwamba da mafi ƙaranci a lokacin bazara. Yankin gabas yana shafar nau'in ruwan sama na tsakiya, wanda aka sani da rashin ruwan sama  shekara guda (sama da   in)), matsakaicin adadin a lokacin Mayu da mafi ƙaranci a lokacin hunturu. Mafi yawan ruwan sama yan yammacin ɓangaren tsaunuka masu haɗari tare da sama da   in), yayin da mafi ƙarancin ruwan sama za'a iya samun shi a ɓangaren gabas - Kosovska Kamenica tare da ƙasa da 600 mm (24 in). Snowfall abu ne na yau da kullun a lokacin watanni masu sanyi na shekara. A cikin ƙananan sassan Kosovo akwai matsakaicin kwanaki 26 tare da dusar ƙanƙara, yayin da manyan sassan suna da sama da kwanaki 100. Yawan kwanaki tare da dusar ƙanƙara da kauri ya dogara da taimako. Snowfall yana da mahimmanci akan kiyaye rigar farfajiyar, samar da ajiyar ruwa, yawon shakatawa da sauransu.

Iska wani abu ne na yanayi a Kosovo. Hanyar iska mai rinjaye yawanci tana da ƙarfi da sauri. Matsakaicin saurin iska a Kosovo shine 1.3 m / s a Peja zuwa 2.4 m / s Ferizaj. Babban saurin iska a Kosovo yana kusa da 31 m / s wanda ke faruwa a lokacin Maris da Afrilu; yawanci yakan ƙare tare da haifar da lalacewa a gidaje.   
Insolation wani ma'auni ne na hasken rana da aka karɓa a kan wani yanki da aka ba shi kuma an rubuta shi a lokacin da aka ba da shi. Insolation wani bangare ne na yanayi wanda ke da mahimmanci a cikin ayyukan tattalin arziki daban-daban kamar: noma, yawon bude ido da sauransu.

Lokacin insolation ya dogara da abubuwan astronomical, meteorological da kuma taimakon. Insolation ya fi karami a cikin Ƙananan kwari, kwarin kogi da tsaunuka sakamakon karuwar hazo da tsawo.

Kosovo tana da matsakaicin sa'o'i 2,066 tare da rana a kowace shekara ko kimanin sa'o-i 5.7 a kowace rana. Mafi girman darajar insolation yana cikin Pristina tare da awanni 2.140 na shekara 1, yayin da Peja tare da mafi ƙanƙanta darajar insonlation na awanni 1.958, tare da awandi 2.067 da Prizren tare da awann 2.099. Matsakaicin insolation a Kosovo yana faruwa a watan Yuli, yayin da mafi ƙarancin insolation ke faruwa a watan Disamba.

 Bambancin yanayi 
Canjin yanayi wanda ya danganci yankuna ya dogara da dalilai daban-daban, kamar: ciyayi, danshi na yankin da dai sauransu. Rarrabawar yanayi yawanci ya dogara ne akan: hasken iska, tsawo da shugabanci, tasirin yanayi akan ciyayi da hanyoyin ruwa. Daga dukkan rarrabawar yanayi da aka yi a Kosovo, wanda ya fi dacewa shine wanda W. Köppen ya bayar. Dangane da wannan rarrabuwa, Kosovo wani ɓangare ne na nau'ikan yanayi na  D. Matsakaicin yanayin zafi na Kosovo a lokacin watanni na rani yana ƙasa da  ° C (72 ° F) kuma matsakaicin sanyi yana sama da -3 ° C (27 ° F). Dangane da halaye na zafi, yawan ruwan sama da mulkin su a ƙananan sassan Kosovo, muna samun nau'ikan yanayi guda biyu:

 Dukagjin kwarin subtype da
 Ƙananan nau'in Kwarin Kosovo

Yanayin yanayi na yammacin yana da hunturu mai laushi da ruwan sama mai yawa. Wadannan halaye sun gaji Yanayin yanayi mai laushi na Bahar Rum. Yanayin yanayi na Kosovo yana da hunturu mai sanyi da rashin ruwan sama, halaye da aka gada daga nau'in yanayi na nahiyar. Kodayake Kosovo tana da waɗannan halaye na yanayi mafi yawan lokuta, akwai yiwuwar babban canji a cikin yanayi a wasu shekaru kawai. A shekara ta 1992, Kosovo tana da lokacin zafi da bushewa sosai, wanda ya dace da nau'in yanayi na B na Köppen. Irin yanayi na D wanda aka sani da matsakaicin yanayin zafi na -3 ° C (27 ° F) a lokacin watanni masu sanyi da  ° C (59 ° F) yayin watanni masu zafi ana iya samun su a manyan sassan Kosovo, kamar Dutsen da aka yi amfani da su, Dutsen Šar da Kopaonik. Wannan nau'in yanayi an san shi da sunan subalpine da alpine.

 Tasirin Canjin Yanayi 
Canjin yanayi yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a aikin gona, hutawa, nishaɗi, yawon shakatawa, sufuri, magani, da yanayin tsabta. 

Kosovo ta fuskanci hauhawar yanayin zafi a cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, tare da hunturu da zama mai sauƙi da lokacin rani da ke ƙara zafi. Hakanan, wannan canjin a cikin yanayin zafin jiki yana haifar da karuwar amfani da makamashi na Kosovo don sanyaya a lokacin watanni na rani da kuma shafar noma da albarkatun ruwa.

Binciken da Asusun Yara na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNICEF) ya yi game da tasirin canjin yanayi a Kosovo ya nuna cewa ana shafar 'yan ƙasa mafi ƙanƙanta a ƙasar musamman. Binciken ya gano cewa saurin raguwar muhalli da kara gurɓataccen iska saboda canjin yanayi suna barazana ga hakkinsu na asali ga kiwon lafiya, ilimi, da aminci.

Manazarta 

Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba