Guguwar Tropical Chedza

Guguwar Tropical Chedza wata guguwa ce mai kisa da ta mamaye Madagascar a watan Janairun 2015. Ya samo asali ne daga Yankin Intertropical Convergence kuma ya koma kan Mozambique, Bayan ya motsa ruwa mai budewa, Taron ya fara shirya a ranar 14 ga Janairu, ya zama Tropical Storm Chedza kwana biyu bayan haka. Da sauri ya kara karfi a kan Tashar Mozambique saboda ruwan dumi da yanayi mai kyau, kuma guguwar ta kai minti 10 na iska mai tsayi na  km / h (60  a ranar 16 ga Janairu. A wannan rana, Chedza ya koma yammacin Madagascar tsakanin Belo sur Mer da Morondava, kuma da sauri ya haye tsibirin yayin da yake raunana. Guguwar ta sake karuwa a takaice, ta wuce kudu maso yammacin Réunion kafin ta juya zuwa kudu maso gabas. Chedza ya zama extratropical a ranar 19 ga Janairu, kuma an lura da shi na karshe kwana biyu bayan haka.    

Matakan da aka samu na Chedza sun kawo ruwan sama a yankin da ya riga ya ambaliyar ruwa a kudu maso gabashin Afirka. Makonni na ruwan sama mai yawa ya kashe mutane 117 a Mozambique da 104 a makwabciyar Malawi, inda ambaliyar ruwa ta fi muni a cikin shekaru 24. A Madagascar, Chedza ta fadi bayan makonni na ruwan sama mai yawa, wanda ya sa koguna su karu kuma ambaliyar ruwa ta mamaye wuraren gonakin amfanin gona. A babban birnin Antananarivo, ambaliyar ta lalata babban famfo na ruwa wanda ke sarrafa matakan ruwa a yankin. Ruwan sama ya haifar da laka da lalacewar hanyoyi. A duk faɗin ƙasar, ambaliyar ruwa daga Chedza ta kori mutane 54,792, bayan ta lalata gidaje 4,430 kuma ta mamaye wasu 3,442, galibi a Vatovavy-Fitovinany a yankin kudu maso gabashin. Chedza ta kashe mutane 80 kuma ta haifar da kusan dala miliyan 40 a cikin lalacewa (2015 USD). Daga baya, guguwar ta kawo ruwan sama mai yawa da iska mai ƙarfi zuwa tsaunukan tsaunuka na Réunion.       

 Tarihin yanayi 
Yankin convection, ko tsawa, ya samo asali ne a ranar 9 ga Janairu a cikin Yankin Intertropical Convergence tsakanin bakin tekun Mozambique da Tashar Mozambique, yayin da yake motsawa gabaɗaya zuwa kudu. Ya samo asali ne daga wannan kwandon da ya haifar da Cyclone Bansi mai ƙarfi. An kafa yaduwar yaduwa a cikin Taron a ranar 12 ga watan Janairu tare da bakin tekun Mozambique, wanda ya taimaka ta hanyar fitarwa mai kyau zuwa kudu. Yanayin zafi na teku ya fi son ci gaba, kodayake yana cikin yankin matsakaici zuwa iska mai ƙarfi. A ranar 14 ga watan Janairu, ofishin Météo-France (MFR) a Réunion ya fara saka idanu kan tsarin, yana lakafta shi Zone of Disturbed Weather 6 game da 170 km (105 mi) gabashin kudu maso gabashin Pebane, Mozambique.

Wani tudun a arewa ya jagoranci tsarin zuwa gabas- kudu maso gabas. Convection ya ci gaba da bugawa a kusa da tsarin, wasu daga cikin tsawa da ke nesa da tsakiya,  kuma akwai zagayawa da yawa. Tsarin ya shirya cikin sauri a cikin Tropical Disturbance 6 da 12:00  a ranar 14 ga Janairu yayin da yanayin ya zama mafi kyau. Hadari ya ci gaba da canzawa, yana fallasa yaduwar a takaice,  kafin tsarin ya zama mafi kyau a ranar 15 ga Janairu.  Daga baya a wannan rana, tashin hankali ya kara karfi a cikin Tropical Depression 6,  kuma a 00:00 UTC a ranar 16 ga Janairu, MFR ta inganta tsarin zuwa Tropical Storm Chedza .  A lokaci guda, Cibiyar Gargadi ta Hadari (JTWC) [nb 3] ta fara bin diddigin tsarin a matsayin Tropical Cyclone 05S. Duk da cewa ya kara karfi a cikin guguwa mai zafi, Chedza da farko ya yi kama da mummunan yanayi. Koyaya, ana sa ran ƙarfafawa saboda ƙarancin iska da ruwan dumi. Guguwar ta yi sauri yayin da take kusantar yammacin Madagascar, kuma MFR ta inganta shi zuwa guguwa mai tsanani tare da iska mai ƙarfi na minti 10 na  km / h (60 .  Convection ya kunshi cikin yaduwar yayin da yaduwar ta karfafa kuma ta zama mafi bayyana, wanda ya sa JTWC ta kiyasta iska ta minti 1 na 95 km / h (60 mph).  Kafin 18:00 UTC a ranar 16 ga watan Janairu, Chedza ya koma bakin teku a yammacin Madagascar tsakanin Belo sur Mer da Morondava, kuma da sauri ya raunana zuwa yanayin matsanancin yanayi a ƙasa.           

 Tasirin 
A cikin matakan da aka kafa, Chedza ta koma kan Mozambique a ranar 14 ga watan Janairu,  wanda ya haifar da ambaliyar ruwa a kasar da makwabta Malawi da Zimbabwe.  

A Malawi, matakai na farko na Chedza sun kawo ruwan sama mai yawa wanda ya haifar da ambaliyar ruwa mai kisa,  bayan makonni biyu na hazo. Ambaliyar ruwa ta rufe gidaje da gonaki a kudancin kasar.

Akalla mutane 260,000 sun rasa gida, kuma akwai mutane 176 da suka mutu. Gwamnatin Malawi ta nemi dala miliyan 430 a cikin taimakon kasa da kasa don magance ambaliyar ruwa. Wannan shi ne ambaliyar ruwa mafi muni a Malawi a cikin shekaru 24,  lokacin da ambaliyar a shekarar 1991 ta haifar da lalacewar dala miliyan 24 (1991 USD).       

Lokacin da mai gabatarwa zuwa Chedza ya koma Mozambique, ruwan sama mai yawa ya haifar da ambaliyar ruwa wanda ya kashe mutane 120. 

A yammacin Madagascar, Morondava ya ba da rahoton iska ta minti 10 na 99 km / h (62 mph) yayin da Chedza ke sauka. Kafin guguwar, MFR ta yi tsammanin guguwar guguwa ta 1 zuwa 2   tare da bakin tekun. Guguwar ta auku bayan Madagascar tana fuskantar makonni da yawa na ruwan sama mai yawa, tare da matakan kogi sun riga sun karu. A farkon watan Fabrairu, yawancin kasar sun sami ruwan sama sau biyu a lokacin. Bayan guguwar ta ratsa yankin, Kogin Ikopa ya kai    a Bevomanga, sama da matakin faɗakarwa na  m ().  Kogin ya fadi a kasa matakin faɗakarwa a ranar 21 ga watan Janairu. Kogin Sisaony a Ampitatafika ya kai   .  Babban ruwan sama ya lalata tashar famfo na ruwa a Antananarivo, wanda ke sarrafa matakan ruwa a cikin birni; wannan ya haifar da karuwar ambaliyar ruwa da lalacewa tare da koguna da ke kusa. A duk faɗin ƙasar, ambaliyar ruwa daga Chedza ta kori wasu mutane 54,792,  bayan ta lalata gidaje 4,430 kuma ta mamaye wasu 3,442, galibi a Vatovavy-Fitovinany.  Chedza ta lalata ko ambaliya ɗakunan ajiya 969, ta rushe ilimin dalibai 48,000. Har ila yau, guguwar ta lalata cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya 44 da asibitoci na gundumar takwas,  tare da gine-ginen gudanarwa 80 da suka shafi.  Ambaliyar ta mamaye hekta  (24,520 acres) na filayen,  ciki har da hekta  (20,990 acres) na gonakin shinkafa da suka lalace, ya bar kawunan shanu 1,226 sun ɓace.  Har ila yau, guguwar ta lalata hanyoyi 42 da gadoji shida,  kuma lalacewar daya ta lalace. A duk faɗin ƙasar, Chedza ta kashe mutane 80,  da yawa daga cikinsu sun mutu ta hanyar rushewar ƙasa,  kuma an kiyasta lalacewar sama da Ariary biliyan 100 (US $ 40 miliyan). 

A ƙarshen lokacinsa, Chedza ya yada gashin ruwa a fadin Réunion  kwanaki uku. Salazi  tsaunuka na tsakiya na tsibirin ya rubuta   in), ciki har da   in) a cikin awanni 12 kawai. A lokacin da guguwar ta wuce zuwa kudu maso yamma, Chedza ta samar da iska mai ƙarfi na  km / h (56  a Gîte de Bellecombe . Har ila yau, guguwar ta haifar da manyan raƙuman ruwa a gefen yammacin Réunion, tare da raƙuman raƙuman  

 Manazarta 
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba