'Yancin Dan Adam a Denmark

Haƙƙin ɗan adam a cikin Masarautar Denmark ana kiyaye su ta Tsarin Mulkin Jiha (Danmarks Riges Grundlov); yin aiki daidai a Denmark daidai, Greenland da Tsibirin Faroe, kuma ta hanyar amincewa da yarjejeniyoyin haƙƙin ɗan adam na duniya. Denmark ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen karbar Yarjejeniyar Turai kan 'Yancin Dan Adam da kuma kafa Kotun 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Turai (ECHR). A shekara ta 1987, Majalisar Dokokin Masarauta (Folketinget) ta kafa cibiyar kare hakkin dan adam ta kasa, Cibiyar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Denmark, yanzu Cibiyar Kare hakkin Dan Adam ta Danish.

Duk da yake Denmark da sauran Kasashen Scandinavia a tarihi sun kasance "masu kare dokar kasa da kasa da haƙƙin ɗan adam",  batutuwan da suka shafi haƙƙin ɗanɗano har yanzu suna nan ko kuma sun fito a cikin 'yan kwanakin nan, gami da tashin hankali ga mata, haƙƙin Mutanen LGBTI,  da kuma sa ido kan ƙungiyoyin da aka ware. 

A cikin rahotonta na Freedom in the World na 2024, Freedom House ta kima kasar "yanci" da maki 97 (cikin 100). 

 Tarihi 

 Dokar Tsarin Mulki na Masarautar Denmark 
Yanci na mutum ba zai iya keta doka ba. Babu wani dan kasar Denmark da za a hana shi 'yancinsa saboda ra'ayinsa na siyasa ko na sojojin ko kuma saboda zuriyarsa.

Sashe na 71Masarautar Denmark sarauta ce ta tsarin mulki. Dokar Tsarin Mulki ko (Grundloven), wacce aka karɓa a ranar 5 ga Yuni 1849, ta kafa tushen dimokuradiyya a cikin ƙungiyar Masarautar Denmark.

An yi wa Kundin Tsarin Mulki kwaskwarima sau uku tun lokacin da aka amince da shi a cikin 1849. Mafi mahimmancin waɗannan gyare-gyaren ya faru ne a cikin 1953, wanda ya haifar da amfani da Kundin Tsarin Mulki a yau, yayin da ya ba da "babban ikon tsarin mulki don raba ikon mallakar Denmark tare da wasu ƙasashe". Wannan yana da mahimmanci yayin da yake da niyyar shirya Denmark don yiwuwar zama memba a Tarayyar Turai.

Duk da yake rawar da Dokar Tsarin Mulki ke takawa ita ce ta ƙuntata ikon mulkin mallaka, kuma don tabbatar da cewa an tabbatar da haƙƙin ɗan adam da haƙƙin jama'a da na siyasa ga 'yan ƙasar Denmark. Misalan waɗannan sun haɗa da haƙƙin 'Yanci na Mutum (Sashe na 71), ''Yanci na Magana (Sashe ta 77) da' Yancin Taron (Sashe ya 79).

Bugu da ƙari, Kundin Tsarin Mulki ya ba da tabbacin ’Yancin Addini (Sashe na 67), muddin waɗannan al’ummomin addini ba su yi barazana ga “dabi’a mai kyau ko zaman jama’a ba".

Wadannan hakkoki, waɗanda aka tsarkake a cikin Kundin Tsarin Mulki, suna jin daɗin "yanayin musamman".  Bugu da kari, kamar yadda aka tsara a Sashe na 88 na Kundin Tsarin Mulki, waɗannan haƙƙoƙin sune "mafi girman tushen Dokar Danish" 

 Yarjejeniyar Turai kan 'Yancin Dan Adam 
Yarjejeniyar Turai kan 'Yancin Dan Adam (ECHR) yarjejeniya ce da kasashe mambobi 47 na Majalisar Turai suka tabbatar a ranar 3 ga Satumba 1953.  Manufar yarjejeniyar ita ce "kare mulkin doka" da kuma amincewa da demokradiyya a Turai. Yarjejeniyar Turai ita ce yarjejeniya ta farko don samar da hanyoyin sa ido da kuma tabbatar da haƙƙin ɗan adam a duk faɗin Turai. Don cimma wannan, yarjejeniyar ta kafa matakai biyu na tilasta aiki - Hukumar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Turai da Kotun Kare Hakkin dan Adam ta Turai.

Kodayake an tabbatar da shi a 1953, ba a sanya taron a cikin dokar Danish ba har zuwa 29 ga Afrilu 1992. A sakamakon shigar da shi cikin Dokar cikin gida, kotunan Denmark suna da aikin tilasta yarjejeniyar. Yarjejeniyar Turai kan 'Yancin Dan Adam ita ce kawai yarjejeniya game da' yancin dan adam a cikin dokar Danish a halin yanzu. Muhimman hakkoki na farar hula da na siyasa waɗanda Yarjejeniyar Turai kan 'Yancin Dan Adam ta tabbatar sun haɗa da haƙƙin 'yanci, haƙƙin shari'a mai kyau, 'yancin tunani, 'yanci na lamiri da' 'yancin addini da' yanci na faɗar albarkacin baki.

 Kotun 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Turai 
Kotun Turai na yancin ɗan adam (ECtHR ko ECHR), wadda aka kafa a shekara ta 1959 ta Yarjejeniyar Turai akan yancin ɗan adam, ita ce Kotun Dokokin Turai. Manufarta ita ce bincika tare da yanke hukunci kan korafe-korafen da ake zargin tauye haƙƙin ɗan adam.

A farkon matakai na kafuwar ECtHR, ƙasashen Scandinavian sun kasance wasu daga cikin na farko da suka yarda da sassan zaɓi akan ikonta, don haka karfafa halayenta na siyasa. Bugu da kari, Denmark da sauran jihohin Nordic sun kasance fitattun mutane a cikin tsarin farko na tsarin ECtHR, da kuma kammala shi.

 Muhimman batutuwa a cikin Kundin Tsarin Mulki 

 'Yancin jama'a da' yanci 

 Sashe na 71: 'Yanci na Mutum 
Sashi na 71 na Kundin Tsarin Mulki ya mayar da hankali ne kan haƙƙoƙin da ba za a iya tauyewa ba, da kuma tabbatar da tsaron ƴan ƙasa daga kamewa da bai dace ba da kuma tabbatar da ‘yancin yin shari’a ta gaskiya. Maganar kai tsaye da ke ƙasa tana bayyana gaskiyar cewa ba za a iya tsare ɗan ƙasar Danish ba saboda addininsu, launin fata ko ra'ayin siyasa:

 Sashe na 77: 'Yanci na faɗar albarkacin baki 
Sashi na 77 na Kundin Tsarin Mulki ya ba da tabbacin 'yancin faɗar albarkacin baki, da 'yancin 'yan jarida, dukansu an amince da su a matsayin 'yancin ɗan adam a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar Haƙƙin Dan Adam ta Duniya (UDHR). Yayin da gwamnati ta fi mutunta waɗannan haƙƙoƙin, hane-hane na shari'a ana yin su don zagi, sabo da wariyar launin fata. 

A cikin Maris 2015, an dakatar da tattaunawa game da cire takunkumin doka don yin sabo yayin da gwamnatin Denmark ta tabbatar da cewa dokar da ta haramta sabo za ta ci gaba da aiki.

 Sashe na 79: 'Yanci na taro 
Sashi na 79 na kundin tsarin mulkin kasa ya kare hakkin ‘yan kasa na yin taro cikin lumana. An amince da wannan a matsayin haƙƙin ɗan adam a ƙarƙashin ƙa'idodin haƙƙin ɗan adam na duniya kamar Yarjejeniyar Haƙƙin Dan Adam ta Duniya da Yarjejeniyar Turai kan Haƙƙin Dan Adam. Ana fahimtar 'yancin Majalisa a matsayin 'yancin yin zanga-zangar lumana, kuma ba tare da makamai ba.

Sashe na 79 ya kuma ba da cewa idan taron ya zama barazana ga zaman lafiyar jama'a, 'yan sanda na iya rushe shi.

 'Yanci na addini 

 Sashe na 67: 'Yanci na addini 
A cikin rahoton Freedom in the World na 2024, Freedom House ya ba da izinin kasar 4 daga 4 don 'yancin addini.

Ana ɗaukar 'yancin addini a matsayin babban haƙƙin ɗan adam, kamar yadda aka zayyana a cikin Mataki na 18 na Yarjejeniyar Haƙƙin Dan Adam ta Duniya. Bugu da kari an kafa shi a sashe na 67 na Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Danish, wanda ya tanadi cewa 'yan ƙasa suna da damar kafa da shiga ikilisiyoyi ko al'ummomi na addini. Duk da haka, ya kuma bayyana cewa ƙungiyar addini ba za ta iya kawo barazana ga "dabi'a mai kyau ko zaman lafiyar jama'a ba".

Da karuwar tsatsauran ra'ayin addini, takunkumin gwamnati kan addini ya fara karuwa.

Misalan sun haɗa da haramcin majalisar dokokin Masarautar kan sanya cikakken fuska, wanda aka kafa a watan Mayu 2018. burqa-ban-comes-into-effect-amid-protests&quot;},&quot;title&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Protests in Denmark as 'burqa ban' comes into effect&quot;},&quot;agency&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Reuters in Copenhagen&quot;},&quot;date&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;2018-08-01&quot;},&quot;work&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;The Guardian&quot;},&quot;access-date&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;2019-06-07&quot;},&quot;language&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;en&quot;},&quot;issn&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;0261-3077&quot;}},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}\" data-ve-no-generated-contents=\"true\" id=\"mwA2k\">&nbsp;</span><cite about=\"#mwt86\" class=\"citation news cs1\" id=\"mwA2o\" data-ve-ignore=\"\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/aug/01/danish-burqa-ban-comes-into-effect-amid-protests\" id=\"mwA2s\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\">\"Protests in Denmark as 'burqa ban' comes into effect\"</a>. <i id=\"mwA2w\">The Guardian</i>. Reuters in Copenhagen. 2018-08-01. <a class=\"mw-redirect cx-link\" data-linkid=\"735\" href=\"./ISSN_(identifier)\" id=\"mwA20\" rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" title=\"ISSN (identifier)\">ISSN</a><span id=\"mwA24\" typeof=\"mw:Entity\">&nbsp;</span><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077\" id=\"mwA28\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\">0261-3077</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\" id=\"mwA3A\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"mwA3E\">2019-06-07</span></span>.</cite>"}}" id="cite_ref-:2_16-0" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Human_rights_in_Denmark#cite_note-:2-16 [1]] Ana ganin wannan dokar a matsayin matsala saboda tana da niyya ga kasa da 0.1% na yawan mutanen Denmark - matan Musulmai waɗanda suka zaɓi sa niqab ko burqa.

Bugu da kari, dokar da aka gabatar a cikin 2019 tana buƙatar mutum ya girgiza hannu tare da jami'ai a bikin zama 'yan ƙasa idan suna so su zama ɗan ƙasar Denmark. Wannan ya haifar da damuwa game da haƙƙin ɗan adam game da 'yancin addini kamar yadda ake jayayya cewa yana da niyya ga kungiyoyin Musulmai da Yahudawa waɗanda ke nuna "rashin daidaitawa". Gwamnatin Denmark, duk da haka, ta ci gaba da cewa an kafa wannan dokar ne kawai don ɗaga "al'adar zamantakewa zuwa darajar ƙasa".

 Tushen haƙƙin ɗan adam a cikin dokar ƙasa da ƙasa 

 Sanarwar 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Duniya 
Bayan kisan gilla da aka yi a yakin duniya na biyu, kasashen duniya sun kafa Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a shekara ta 1945. Domin inganta zaman lafiya da daidaito na kasa da kasa, sun samar da yarjejeniyar kare hakkin dan Adam ta kasa da kasa (UDHR), wadda Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta amince da ita a ranar 10 ga Disamba 1948. An kafa sanarwar a matsayin "ma'auni na nasara ga dukan al'ummomi da dukan al'ummomi".

UDHR ita ce ta farko a irin ta, saboda ita ce tsarin haƙƙin ɗan adam ba tare da nuna bambanci ba kuma ta haɗa haƙƙoƙin da suka shafi duk fannoni na rayuwar ɗan adam da mutuntaka. Kodayake ba yarjejeniya ba ce sabili da haka ba doka ba ce, ana fatan zai zama abin koyi ga dokokin cikin gida da kuma yarjejeniyar da ta ɗaure daga baya. Bugu da kari, UDHR, wanda har yanzu ake amfani dashi a yau, yana aiki ne a matsayin hanyar da za ta inganta dabi'u kamar "daidaitawar duniya da 'yanci, tallafawa mulkin mallaka, kyakkyawan shugabanci da gwagwarmaya da nuna bambanci".

 Kasancewa cikin kamfen ɗin haƙƙin ɗan adam na duniya 
A ranar 21 ga Afrilun 1967, aka hambarar da zababbiyar gwamnati a kasar Girka a wani juyin mulki karkashin jagorancin wasu gungun Kananan Hukumomin kasar Girka a watan Satumba na shekarar 1967, kasashen Nordic da suka hada da Denmark da Sweden da Norway da kuma Netherlands suka yi kira ga hukumar kare hakkin dan Adam ta Turai da ta dorawa kasar Girka alhakin tauye hakkin dan Adam da suka yi a yarjejeniyar Turai kan hakkin dan Adam. A sakamakon haka, Majalisar Turai ta zartar da ƙuduri a ranar 15 ga Afrilu 1970 wanda ya sanya Rahoton Hukumar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam kan Shari'ar Girka a fili. Wannan rahoto ya gano cewa, kamar yadda jihohin Nordic suka gabatar da farko, yawancin haƙƙin ɗan adam a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar Turai kan 'Yancin Dan Adam gwamnatin Girka ta keta su.

Bugu da ƙari, daga shekarun 1970s jihohin Nordic sun taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tallafawa kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo wadanda ba na gwamnati ba. Misali, Helsinki Watch, kungiya mai zaman kanta da ke zaune a Amurka kuma an kafa ta a 1978, tana da mahimmanci ga bayar da shawarwari game da haƙƙin ɗan adam a wannan lokacin. Helsinki Watch ta jagoranci kafa kungiyar Helsinki ta Duniya don 'Yancin Dan Adam (IHF) da aka kafa a shekarar 1982.  Tun a farkon 1985, IHF tana da kwamitoci a kasashe da yawa na Turai ciki har da Denmark. Wannan goyon baya na farko ga 'yancin ɗan adam na duniya shine abin da ya tabbatar da sunansa a Denmark a matsayin "moto na canji mai ci gaba".

 Batutuwan yanzu 

 'Yan gudun hijira da masu neman mafaka 
Wasu suna jayayya da Denmark cewa tana da wasu daga cikin "mafi tsattsauran ra'ayi na adawa da baƙi" a Turai.  Mutanen Denmark sun rabu da ra'ayoyinsu game da shige da fice - wasu suna karɓar shi kuma wasu da suka damu kuma don haka suna son manufofi masu hanawa a wurin.

A cikin 2016, Danish ta soke yarjejeniyarta A shekarar 2016, kasar Denmark ta soke yarjejeniyar da ta kulla da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNHCR) da ta ce za ta karbi 'yan gudun hijira 500 a kowace shekara domin sake tsugunar da su.

A cikin 2018, Denmark ta ba da sanarwar cewa ba za ta sake dawo da 'yan gudun hijira a ƙarƙashin tsarin ƙididdigar Ƙasar ba, tare da shawarar karɓar' yan gudun hijira da gwamnati ke yi ba.

Bugu da kari, a ƙarshen 2018 gwamnatin Denmark ta ba da sanarwar cewa kasafin kudin 2019 zai haɗa da kudade don wani makirci wanda zai ga masu aikata laifuka na kasashen waje waɗanda suka kammala hukuncin ɗaurin kurkuku, amma ba za a iya fitar da su ba, don a tura su zuwa tsibirin Lindholm. Tsibirin Lindholm yana da nisan kilomita uku daga kudu maso gabashin Denmark, kuma a baya ya kasance dakin gwaje-gwaje ga dabbobi masu kamuwa da cututtuka masu yaduwa. An lakafta manufofin a matsayin "barbaric" da kuma "mai banƙyama sosai". 

A cikin Janairu 2021, Gidan Yanar Gizo na Turai akan Haɗin kai ya ba da rahoton cewa, "Denmark ba ta bin ƙa'idodin EU game da abin da ya shafi 'yan gudun hijira da shari'a kuma Denmark ta ƙi shiga cikin yarjejeniyar rarraba son rai tsakanin EU".

A cikin Maris 2021, gwamnatin Danish ta ba da sanarwar iyaka kan baƙi 'wadanda ba na yamma' ba, ta soke izinin zama na 'yan gudun hijira da masu neman mafaka. Har ila yau, wani babban bincike na cikin gida ya nuna cewa kashi uku na 'yan gudun hijirar ba su da kariya yadda ya kamata.

Haka kuma, a ranar 19 ga Mayu 2021, Denmark ta fuskanci hukunci daga 'yan majalisar EU, UNHCR, da kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam saboda soke matsayin zama na 'yan gudun hijirar Syria. Duk da mawuyacin halin da ake ciki na tsaro a Siriya, Denmark ta yi iƙirarin cewa yanzu haka wasu sassan ƙasar sun sami kwanciyar hankali da za su iya komawa. Bayan haka, a watan Afrilu na 2021, mai kula da haƙƙin ɗan adam na Yuro-Mediterranean ya yi kira ga Denmark da ta koma ga shawarar dawo da 'Yan gudun hijirar Siriya zuwa Siriya kuma ta yi la'akari da cewa sanya sunan Denmark na Siriya a matsayin 'mai aminci' yana da haɗari, rashin mutunci, kuma ba bisa ka'ida ba.

 Cin zarafin mata 
A cikin 2014, Denmark ta tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar Istanbul (Kwamitin Majalisar Turai kan Rigakafi da Yaki da Rikicin Mata da Rikicin Cikin Gida). Ya rarraba "cinye-cinye da duk sauran Ayyukan da ba a yarda da su ba na jima'i" a matsayin laifuka masu laifi. Koyaya, ma'anar fyade a cikin dokar cikin gida ta Danish ba ta dogara ne akan ra'ayin yarda ba kuma a maimakon haka ta dogara ne da kasancewar " tashin hankali na jiki, barazanar ko tilasta" ko "idan an sami wanda aka azabtar ya kasa tsayayya".

Ana ganin wannan yana da matsala yayin da tunanin cewa wanda aka azabtar ya ba da izinin yin jima'i idan ba su yi tsayayya da shi ba a jiki ya yi watsi da yiwuwar "paralysis na son rai" ko "daskarewa," don haka rashin iya jurewa.

A cikin 2014 kuma, Hukumar Kare Hakki ta Tarayyar Turai ta ce, "Denmark tana da mafi girman yaduwar tashin hankali na jiki da na jima'i a kan mata a Turai. "  Bugu da ƙari, rahotanni da yawa sun ce Denmark tana da mafi yawan tashin hankali na jima'a a Turai. Har ila yau, Amnesty International ta nuna cewa Denmark tana da "yaduwar tashin hankali na jima'i" da matsalolin tsarin yadda take magance fyade. Dangane da binciken da aka gudanar, sun bayyana cewa kimanin mata 5,100 a kowace shekara ne wadanda aka yi wa fyade ko kuma aka yi musu yunkurin fyade. Wani rahoto da Amnesty International ta buga a watan Maris na shekara ta 2019 ya bayyana cewa mata a Denmark ba su bayar da rahoton fyade ba saboda "rashin amincewa da tsarin adalci" da kuma rashin kula da wadanda abin ya shafa a duk lokacin shari'a. Har ila yau, Denmark ta sami zargi mai tsanani saboda rashin isasshen dokoki game da cin zarafin jima'i.

A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2018, 'yan adawar Denmark sun ba da shawarar gabatar da "ma'anar fyade" kamar yadda aka tsara a karkashin Yarjejeniyar Istanbul. An yi watsi da hakan a majalisar. Bugu da kari, kungiyar kwararru ta Turai ta matsa wa gwamnatin Denmark lamba kan matakin da ya kamata a dauka kan cin zarafin mata da cin zarafin cikin gida (GREVIO) don daidaita dokokinta na cin zarafin jima'i tare da ra'ayin "ba da izini kyauta".

 Hakkin 'yan asalin ƙasar 
A ranar 18 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 1996, Denmark ta tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar 'yan asalin ƙasar da kabilanci ta duniya, 1989 (taron ILO 169)  kuma ta kada kuri'a a kan amincewa da shawarar sanarwar kasa da kasa kan' yancin 'yan asalin a ranar 13 ga Satumba 2007. 

Denmark tana da ƙungiyoyin ƴan asalin ƙasar da aka amince da su a hukumance: Inuit - Greenlandic Inuit na Greenland da mutanen Greenland a Denmark (Inuit da ke zaune a Denmark). Duk da cewa akwai kusan mutane 70.000 da ke rayuwa kuma suna bayyana a matsayin ɗan Inuk, babu wani rajista na hukuma a hukumance da ke ayyana Inuit a matsayin 'yan asalin ƙasar ko kuma a matsayin wani yanki na musamman a cikin Masarautar Denmark. Greenlandic Inuit a matsayin ɗan ƙasa na Greenland, Jama'ar Mulkin Denmark, da kuma 'yan ƙasa na EU saboda alaƙar Greenland da Tarayyar Turai.

Inuit 'yan asalin yankin Arctic ne kuma sun kasance a al'adar Greenland da arewacin Kanada da Alaska. Inuit dai sun shafe shekaru da dama suna fama da wariya da cin zarafi daga manyan ‘yan mulkin mallaka daga Turai, wadancan kasashen da ke ikirarin mallakar filayen Inuit. Inuit ba su taɓa zama al'umma ɗaya ba a cikin yanki ɗaya na Inuit.

Daga karni na 18 har zuwa 1970s, gwamnatin Danish (Dan-Norwegian har zuwa 1814) ta lokaci-lokaci ta yi ƙoƙarin daidaita Inuit na Greenland, yana ƙarfafa su su rungumi yare, al'adu da addini mafi rinjaye. Denmark ta sha suka sosai daga al'ummar Greenland saboda siyasar Danization (50's da 60's) da nuna wariya ga 'yan asalin ƙasar. An aiwatar da tsauraran matakan biyan ma'aikatan da ba 'yan Inuit albashi mafi girma fiye da mutanen yankin ba, da mayar da iyalai gaba daya daga yankunansu na gargajiya zuwa matsuguni, da raba yara da iyayensu tare da tura su Denmark don zuwa makaranta. [better source needed]

A Denmark, Inuit na Greenlandic suna da hakkoki iri ɗaya kamar duk wanda ke da Dan kasar Denmark, amma mutanen da ke da asalin Inuit na Groenlandic suna fuskantar ƙalubale da yawa dangane da jin daɗin daidaito da dama kamar sauran 'Yan ƙasa na masarautar. Gabaɗaya, ba a ɗaukar Greenlanders a matsayin ƙabilu na kabilanci ba, kodayake wasu suna fuskantar ƙalubalen harshe, al'adu da zamantakewa na musamman a cikin Al'ummar Danish daidai da 'yan ƙasa da ke da asalin ƙabilu.

A cikin Greenland Inuit har yanzu suna kula da al'adun gargajiya na asali, kamar farauta da kamun kifi. Inuit ya kasance ƙarƙashin mulkin mallaka na Danish daga 1721 har zuwa karni na ashirin. A cikin 1953, Greenland ta zama wani yanki mai cikakken haɗin kai na Masarautar Denmark a matsayin gundumar Greenland yayin da Denmark ta aiwatar da tsauraran manufofin zamani ta hanyar haɓaka birane, ta ƙaura da Inuit daga ƙananan ƙananan al'ummominsu na rayuwa zuwa manyan biranen. A cikin 1979, Greenland ta sami nasarar neman yancin cin gashin kai daga Denmark kuma ta sami Mulkin Mulki na Gida, wanda aka faɗaɗa zuwa Mulkin Kai a cikin 2009.

Dangantakar farko ta Denmark da ƴan asalin ƙasar ta nuna irin mulkin mallaka na Yammacin Turai.

Har zuwa yau, tsarin mulkin Danish bai kare ikon cin gashin kansa na Greenland ba. Greenland har yanzu ƙasa ce mara ƙasa inda mutanenta ba su da nasu jihar,  kuma ba su da mafi yawan jama'a a cikin ƙasar da ke cikin mulkin Denmark.  Kalmar "marasa ƙasa" tana nuna cewa Greenland da mutanenta "ya kamata su sami" irin wannan jiha (ƙasa). Ya bambanta da idan Masarautar Denmark ta kasance ƙasa mai yawa wanda ya ƙunshi Denmark, Greenland da Tsibirin Faroe a matsayin ƙasashe ko jihohin daidai a cikin Masarautar a cikin tarayya, suna ba da ikon mallaka juna.

Greenland ba memban kowace Jiha ba ce, Majalisar Jiha da Majalisar Ministocin Masarautar, amma sun cimma iyakacin sasantawa da 'yan majalisar Greenland suka yi a Majalisar Mulki (Folketinget).

 Nuna wariyar launin fata 
A ranar 7 ga 2022 wuraren, Euro-Med Monitor ya nuna cewa Denmark na da matakan wariyar launin fata a kan matakin da aka keɓe da "Ghetto." Yankunan ghetto sun haɗa da alamu 29 a duk faɗin Denmark, kuma suna wakiltar da matalauta da ciyarn jama'a, yawansu canza ƙabilun da ba na yamma ba ne da kuma cutar ba farar fata ba. A tsare tsare, Ghettos na matakan korarsu, da tsare su na tilas, da hukunta su sau biyu, da kuma matakan tsaro fiye da kima. Haka kuma, tsare tsare Danish game da 'yan tsiraru, misali ne bayyananne na fayil da rubutu damammaki, da kuma sabon da 'yan tsiraru a cikin abin kunya don tabbatar da gazawar warware matsalar. tsare-tsare sun yada talauci, rashin aikin yi, rashin tsaro da amana ga yaran tsirarun kasa.

Rahoton na 2024 na Amnesty International, Rashin Adalci na Codeed: Sa ido da Wariya a cikin Jiha ta Danmark ta atomatik, ya soki hukumar jin daɗin Denmark, Udbetaling Danmark, don amfani da tsarin gano zamba na AI wanda ke haɗarin nuna wariya ga nakasassu, mutane masu karamin karfi, baƙi, da tsiraru. Rahoton ya nuna yadda amfani da algorithms har 60, gami da wadanda ke tantance "haɗin kan ƙasashen waje" da "sabon" yanayin rayuwa, yana ba da damar sa ido kan jama'a kuma yana iya haifar da hari mara kyau da kuma keta sirrin sirri. Amnesty ta yi jayayya cewa waɗannan tsarin na iya aiki azaman haramtacciyar “tsarin ƙididdige ƙima na zamantakewa” a ƙarƙashin Dokar EU AI kuma ta yi kira da a dakatar da su, ƙarin fayyace, da ƙarin kiyaye doka. Hukumomin Danish sun yi watsi da binciken na Amnesty amma ba su ba da cikakken haske game da ƙira ko amfani da bayanai ba.

 Hakkin mutanen LGBTQ 
Denmark ita ce ƙasa ta farko da ta amince da haɗin gwiwar rajista (Danish) tsakanin ma'aurata masu jinsi ɗaya, a cikin dokar da aka kafa a ranar 7 ga Yuni 1989. Wannan ya ba wa Al'ummar LGBTQ dama da yawa kamar ma'aurata masu jima'i; duk da haka bai ba su "yancin karɓar ko samun kulawar yaro ba". A ranar 15 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 2012, Denmark ta zama kasa ta goma sha ɗaya a duniya da ta halatta aure jinsi guda, dokar da ke akwai ta maye gurbin dokar auren jinsi.

A watan Janairun 2016, Majalisar dokokin Denmark ta aiwatar da wani kuduri wanda ya hana a rarraba transgender a matsayin Yanayin lafiyar kwakwalwa. A yin haka, Denmark ta saba wa ka'idodin Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO), wanda ya rarraba rikicewar jinsi a matsayin batun lafiyar kwakwalwa har zuwa Yuni 2018.

Rahoton Amnesty International na 2017-2018 game da 'Yancin Dan Adam na Duniya' ya bayyana cewa ka'idojin tsarin Denmark da ke kewaye da samun damar maganin hormone na transgender da tiyata na tabbatar da jinsi "ba daidai ba ne ya tsawaita tsarin ganewar jinsi". Bugu da kari, Amnesty International ta bayyana cewa Hukumar Lafiya ta Denmark ba ta riga ta kafa jagororin kasa da ke bayyana yadda ya kamata likitoci su bi da yara masu bambancin halaye na jima'i. A sakamakon haka, ana iya gudanar da "tsarin kiwon lafiya marasa gaggawa da ba za a iya juyawa ba" a kan yara a ƙarƙashin shekaru 10. Wannan kai tsaye ya saba wa Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan 'Yancin Yara.

 azabtarwa da Kurkuku 
A watan Mayun 2025, Kotun Turai ta Turai ta yanke wa Denmark hukunci bisa laifin keta hakkin rai bayan Ekrem Sahin mai shekaru 23 ya mutu a 2011 a kurkukun Kolding. Jami’an gidan yarin da dama ne suka sanya wa fursunoni a kulle a kafa sannan kuma suka daure shi a cikinsa na kusan mintuna 20. Kotun ta gano cewa gidan yarin ba shi da takamaiman ka'idoji da horar da ma'aikatan da suka dace don amfani da wannan dabarar kamewa. Sahin ya rasa hayyacinsa ya rasu bayan kwana uku a suma. Mahaifiyarsa ce ta shigar da karar, inda ta yi misali da Labari na 2 da 3 na Yarjejeniyar Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam ta Turai. Wannan dai shi ne karo na farko da kotun ta samu Denmark da laifin keta hakkin rayuwa. A baya dai kotunan cikin gida sun yi watsi da karar.

A cikin Janairu 2016, wani matashi a gidan yarin Vridsløselille ya fuskanci ɗaurin bel a ɗaurin kwana tara. Daga baya an mayar da mutumin zuwa kurkukun Herstedvester, inda ya mutu jim kadan bayan haka. Shari'ar, wadda Hukumar Kula da Fursunoni ta Danish ta kiyaye ta daga sanin jama'a sama da shekaru biyu, ta haifar da tsananin damuwa game da yiwuwar take haƙƙin ɗan adam. Masanin kare hakkin bil'adama na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Jens Modvig ya ba da shawarar cewa tsawaita wa'adin na iya zama cin zarafi ko ma azabtarwa. A cikin wannan shekarar, Cibiyar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Danish ta lura da "damuwa ta gaba ɗaya game da yanayin da aka tsare 'yan kasashen waje [a Vridsløselille], gami da rashin bayanai, sadarwa da hulɗa da ɗan adam".

A watan Mayun 2022, yayin zanga-zangar yanayi da 'yan tawaye suka shirya a Copenhagen, 'yan sanda sun ci zarafin masu zanga-zangar da yawa. An ba masu fafutuka 19 daga cikin 121 da daga baya suka kai karar 'yan sandan Copenhagen diyya, kamar yadda kotun birnin Copenhagen (Københavns Byret) ta gano tsawon lokacin da ake tsare da kuma tube masu fafutuka ba bisa ka'ida ba a karkashin sashe na 3 na Yarjejeniyar Turai kan 'Yancin Dan Adam, da kuma dokar 'yan sandan Denmark. Zanga-zangar, wacce ta hada da toshe hanyoyi da zanga-zanga a kusa da Slotsholmen da filin jirgin saman Copenhagen, da nufin sukar manufofin yanayi na Denmark.

 Dubi kuma 


 'Yanci na' yan jarida a Denmark

 Bayanan da aka ambata 

 Haɗin waje 

 Masarautar Denmark


 Mai ba da shawara game da Folketing
 Cibiyar Danish don 'Yancin Dan Adam
 'Yancin Dan Adam a Denmark, Ofishin Babban Kwamishinan' Yancin Dan Adam (OHCHR), Majalisar Dinkin Duniya
 Tabbatar da Denmark, Kungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya (ILO), Majalisar Dinkin Duniya

 Tsibirin Faroe

 Matsayin Tsarin Mulki na Tsibirin Faroe - Gwamnatin Gida ta Tsibirin Faroes

 Bayyanawa ga Tsibirin Faroe, Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Duniya (ILO), Majalisar Dinkin Duniya

 Greenland

 Tsarin Shari'a - Gwamnatin Kai ta Greenland
 Mai ba da shawara na Inatsisartut
 Majalisar 'Yancin Dan Adam ta Greenland
 Cibiyar Danish don 'Yancin Dan Adam Greenland Entry
  An adana shi 2022-06-25 a 
 Bayyanawa ga Greenland, Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata ta Duniya (ILO), Majalisar Dinkin Duniya

'Yanci a cikin Duniya Score, Freedom House 
 20152016201720182019KasarPRCL'Yanci'PRCL'Yanci'PRCL'Yanci'PRCL'Yanci'PRCL'Yanci'Pts*111111111197

 Manazarta 
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba