Hukuncin kisa a Georgia (ƙasa)

An soke Hukuncin kisa a Georgia gaba daya a ranar 1 ga Mayu 2000 lokacin da kasar ta sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar 6 ga ECHR. Daga baya Georgia ta kuma karɓi Yarjejeniyar Zaɓuɓɓuka ta Biyu ga ICCPR. An maye gurbin hukuncin kisa da ɗaurin rai da rai.

Mutumin karshe da aka kashe a Georgia ya kasance a shekarar 1995, bayan da aka yanke masa hukunci kan kisan kai. An kashe mutumin ta hanyar harbi daya a bayan kai.

 Tarihi 
A zamanin da Tsakiyar Tsakiya, an ba da hukuncin kisa a Georgia don laifukan da aka dauka a matsayin mafi muni, kamar cin amana, fashi, zagi na jama'a ga sarki da sauransu. A cikin 1170, Sarki George III na Georgia ya ba da umarnin hukuncin kisa don "sata-sata". An yi amfani da hanyoyi da yawa don kisa: ratayewa, maƙurewa, jefawa daga dutse, ƙonewa da rai da dai sauransu.

Tamar na Georgia shine sarki na farko da ya soke hukuncin kisa a Georgia. Wannan ya danganta da rage sata da fashi a cikin masarautar a lokacin mulkinta saboda karuwar jin daɗi yayin da Masarautar Georgia ta zama ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashe mafi ƙarfi a yankin. An yi la'akari da wannan kawarwa har zuwa rabi na biyu na karni na 13, lokacin da Mongols sun mamaye Georgia.

A cikin karni na 19 na Rasha Georgia, Ilia Chavchavadze na ɗaya daga cikin fitattun masu goyon bayan kawar da hukuncin kisa. Ya yi kamfen don kawar da shi a cikin Duma na Rasha, bisa ga abin da matarsa ta yi kira ga hukumomin Tsarist kada su kashe masu kisansa.

Mataki na 19 na Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Georgia ya soke hukuncin kisa a Georgia. Koyaya, an zartar da wannan kundin tsarin mulki a ranar 21 ga Fabrairu 1921, 'yan kwanaki kawai kafin Sovietization na Georgia. 

 Soviet Georgia 
Koyarwar gurguzu ta ki amincewa da amfani da hukuncin kisa, kuma a hukumance ka'idar aikata laifuka da hukunci ta Soviet ta ba da fifiko ga gyara da sake ilimi. Koyaya, an yi amfani da hukuncin kisa a cikin mafi yawan Tarihin Soviet. An kira hukuncin kisa a matsayin "ma'auni na musamman na azabtarwa" wanda ke aiki har sai "cikakken kawar da shi".

Shari'ar farko a cikin sashen ajiyar rajista na Cheka na Georgia ta shafi mutane bakwai waɗanda Cheka ta zarge su da cinye kayan abinci. An yanke wa mutane uku hukuncin kisa kuma an kashe su ba tare da shari'a ba. Gwamnati ta ba da hukuncin kisa don tarawa a ranar 25 ga Maris 1921 don magance karancin kayayyaki, wanda aka zargi da hasashe a madadin 'Yan kasuwa.

Tsakanin 1921 da 1924, Cheka ta aiwatar da kisan gilla da yawa a lokacin rani a kan "masu adawa da juyin juya hali" kamar jami'an soja na Georgia da ke cikin Kwamitin Independence na Georgia.  A lokacin Babban Purge a cikin 1937-1938, NKVD Troika na Musamman na SSR na Georgia (Особая Тройка при НКВД ГССР) sun gwada mutane sama da dubu 20 bisa ga Dokar NKVD No. 00447 don kasancewa "Kulaks, masu laifi da sauran abubuwan adawa da juyin juya hali". A watan Oktoba 1937, Lavrentiy Beria ya nemi a ba da izinin aikin Kwamitin Soja na Kotun Koli na Tarayyar Soviet ga Troika na Musamman na gida, wanda ke nufin izinin yin la'akari da shari'o'i a kan mutanen da ake zargi da zama memba a cikin "Kungiyoyin 'yan ta'adda masu tayar da kayar baya" da kuma "kungiyoyin' yan ta'adda na 'yan tawaye". An yarda da wannan buƙatar. Gabaɗaya, an kiyasta cewa Troika na Musamman a Georgia ta yanke wa mutane sama da 10,000 hukuncin kisa saboda dalilai daban-daban. Bugu da ƙari, NKVD "National Troika" ta gwada mutane 1982, ta kashe 432. 

 Manazarta