Hakkin Mata a cikin Autimism

Matan darikar Isma'ila suna cikin addinin Shi'a. Wasu rukunin suna da batutuwan da suka shafi haƙƙin mata, wasu kuma suna lura da yanayin ci gaba a cikin ƙungiyoyinsu, wanda kuma ya dogara da dokokin ƙasashen da ke wannan mazhaba.Lovat, Terence (2012-06-12). Women in Islam: Reflections on Historical and Contemporary Research. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-94-007-4219-2.

 Tarihi 

 Maudu'in Ismailism 
Isma'ilci ƙungiya ce a cikin Musulunci da ke girmama Imam mai rai, wanda shi ne zuriyar Ali da Fatima, surukin Annabi Muhammadu, bi da bi. Dangantakarsa ta gado da Annabi tana ba shi ikon yin hidima a matsayin jagorar ruhi (kuma ba na ruhaniya) na al'umma ba. Imam shi ne shugaban al'ummar Isma'iliyya kuma yana taka rawa wajen tafsirin kur'ani tare da kwarewa ta musamman ta fahimtar batin, ma'anonin rubutu na addini.Asani, Ali (2008). The Islamic Marriage Contract. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Law School. pp. 285–295. ISBN 978-0-674-02821-0.

Gyaran da Nizari Ismaili Imamai suka yarda dashi

Imamai Nizari Ismaili (wanda aka fi sani da Aga Khans tun daga karni na 18[2) sun kafa gyare-gyare kan matsayi da mu'amalar mata a cikin al'umma. Aga Khan III, Nizari Ismaili Imam na 48, ya kasance mai himma a cikin wannan yunkuri. Ya shiga aikinsa tun yana karami, saboda rasuwar mahaifinsa, don haka mahaifiyarsa, Uwargida Ali Shah, ta ci gaba da taka rawa a farkon shekarunsa. shekaru da matarsa Ummu Habiba.[2] Imam Aga Khan III ya yi mulki daga 1885 zuwa 1957 kuma Imami na 49 a halin yanzu, jikansa, Imam Aga Khan IV ya fara mulkinsa a shekara ta 1957. Yawancin kokarin Aga Khan III ya nemi gyara dokokin kwangilar aure na Musulunci, wanda ya taimaka wajen inganta matsayin mata a cikin al'ummar Nizari.

Gyarawa (kan aure, saki, rabuwa da ilimi)

Babban abin da sakon Imam Aga Khan III ya mayar da hankali a kai shi ne karfafa ra'ayin cewa mata suna da 'yanci da 'yanci. A cikin wani sako ga mabiyansa a cikin 1926, ya yi shelar cewa:

Ba na son matan Isma’ila su dogara da kowa – iyayensu, mazajensu, ko kowa sai Allah... Ba na shakka cewa ruhin da koyarwar kakana Manzon Allah mai tsira da amincin Allah sun karfafa juyin halitta na halaltacciyar ‘yanci da daidaito a gaban maza da mata.

Ya kuma kwadaitar da mata da su shiga harkokin zamantakewa da siyasa sannan ya soki lullubi da kuma wariya da jinsi da suka hada da ayyukan pardah (rufe kai daga jama’a) da zenana (hana mata barin gida).

Aga Khan III ya yi imanin 'yancin kai na tattalin arziki shine mabuɗin cimma wannan daidaito da 'yanci. Ta hanyar samun ilimi da samun abin dogaro da kai, ba za a daina ganin mata a matsayin wani nauyi a kan iyaye ko ma’aurata ba. Ya ce:

Ina ƙoƙarin jagorantar rayuwar 'yan matan mu zuwa sabbin tashoshi gaba ɗaya. Ina so in ga sun sami damar yin sana’o’i da sana’o’i, ta yadda ba za su dogara da tattalin arziki a kan aure ba, kuma ba su da wani nauyi a kan iyayensu da ‘yan’uwansu[4].

Hasali ma, ba za a ƙara sanya aure a kan mata ba saboda larura na tattalin arziki. Aga Khan III ya fahimci cewa ilimi shine kan gaba a wannan gyara kuma ya karfafawa iyayen da kawai suke da isasshen kuɗi don aika yaro ɗaya makaranta don tura 'ya'yansu mata[2]. Wannan shawarar ta ilimi ba ta takaitu ga karatun firamare ba. Don tabbatar da cewa 'yan mata sun sami damar yin karatu, an kafa mafi ƙarancin shekarun aure (na maza da mata) kuma an hana auren yara. An haramta auren ba tare da son son amarya ba, domin ma’aurata za su sanya hannu a kan yarjejeniyar aurensu bisa ga abin da suke so. Sauran gyare-gyaren da aka yi a dokokin aure sun haɗa da yanke shawara kan auren mace fiye da ɗaya da saki. A cikin 1905, an ba da izinin auren mace fiye da ɗaya, tare da yanayin "kulawan matar farko" kuma daga baya an canza shi don kawai a yarda da wasu dalilai.. A cikin 1962, an haramta auren mata fiye da ɗaya a cikin al'ummar Nizari Ismaili. Ana barin mata su saki mazajensu, kuma idan miji ya saki matarsa, sai ya tsaya a gaban majalisa wadda daga karshe ta yanke shawarar ko an yi saki ko kuma an hana shi. Aga Khan III ya yi kokarin kawar da tare da rage kyama da ke tattare da kisan aure da matan da aka saki.

A wuraren sallah, maza da mata Isma'ila suna tsayawa kafada da kafada (a sauran wuraren addu'o'in musulmi, mazan suna tsayawa a gaban mata) ba a raba su da wani shamaki na zahiri kamar yadda yake faruwa a mafi yawan masallatan musulmi. Haka kuma matan Isma’ila an halatta su jagoranci jam’i (wanda ya kunshi maza da mata) a cikin salla.

 Ƙoƙarin zamani 
Imam Aga Khan IV ya dauki wata hanya ta daban wajen magance matsalar ‘yancin mata fiye da kakansa. Yayin da Imam Aga Khan III ya kafa dokoki na shari'a da na addini kai tsaye, Aga Khan IV yana mai da hankali kan ci gaban al'umma ta fuskar ilimi da zamantakewa. Salon nasa yana magana ne da mabiyansa kuma yana karfafa musu gwiwa wajen samun nasarar da ake bukata. Diyarsa, Gimbiya Zahra Aga Khan, ta tsunduma cikin aiki kan manufofin da suka shafi ci gaban mata. A cikin 1997, ta karbi bakuncin taron farko na mata na Ismaili na duniya a Toronto.Khoja-Moolji, Shenila (2018). Forging the Ideal Educated Girl: The Production of Desirable Subjects in Muslim South Asia. California: University of California Press. pp. 23–59. ISBN 9780520970533.

 Manazarta