Canjin yanayi a British Columbia

Sauyin yanayi a lardin Kanada na British Columbia yana shafar yanayi daban-daban da masana'antu, gami da aikin gona. Gwamnatin British Columbia ta ƙulla manufofi da yawa don rage hayaƙin carbon, kodayake an daidaita waɗannan a kan lokaci saboda rashin cika su. Zuba jari a ayyukan samar da makamashin iska na daga cikin hanyoyin da aka samar a yanzu. Tasirin sauyin yanayi a British Columbia ya haɗa da damuwa game da hauhawar matakan teku da yanayin zafi mai zafi da ke yin mummunar tasiri ga yanayin lardin.

 Tushen gas na Greenhouse 
British Columbia ta sanar da manufofi masu yawa masu ban sha'awa don magance sauyin yanayi, musamman ta hanyar Shirin Ayyukan Yanayi,  wanda aka saki a cikin 2008. Ya kafa dokar rage yawan iskar gas na 33% a kasa da matakan 2007 ta 2020 da 80% ta 2050. 

Kungiyoyin jama'a na lardin British Columbia sun zama na farko a Arewacin Amurka da za a yi la'akari da tsaka tsaki na carbon a cikin 2010, wani bangare ta hanyar siyan abubuwan kashe carbon.   Shirin Motocin Makamashi Tsabta yana ba da ƙwarin gwiwa don siyan motocin makamashi mai tsafta da aka amince da su da kuma cajin shigar kayan aikin.  An yi aiki a sassa daban-daban ciki har da zaɓuɓɓukan ba da kuɗi da abubuwan ƙarfafawa don gina sake fasalin, Yarjejeniyar Kaya Carbon Forest, Tsarin Sabuntawa da Ƙananan Man Fetur, da ƙa'idodin sarrafa iskar gas . []

Har ila yau, iskar GHG ta British Columbia tana raguwa, kuma a cikin 2012 (bisa ga bayanan 2010) British Columbia ta bayyana cewa tana kusa da cimma burinta na wucin gadi na raguwar 6% ƙasa da matakan 2007 nan da 2012. Iskar GHG ta ragu da kashi 4.5% tsakanin 2007 da 2010, kuma yawan man da ake amfani da shi na Burtaniya ya ragu sosai. An girma. 

A cikin 2018 an ba da sanarwar cewa lardin "bayan dakatar da ayyukan sauyin yanayi tsawon shekaru da yawa, sun yarda ba za su iya cimma burinsu na 2020 ba", manufar rage kashi 33% ya tsaya cak a kashi 6.5%.  Lardin British Columbia shine na biyu mafi girma na masu amfani da iskar gas a ƙafar cubic biliyan 2.3 kowace rana. 

 Tasirin sauyin yanayi 

 Hawan matakin teku 
Matakan teku a gabar Tekun Arewa ta Columbia na karuwa da sauri fiye da sauran sassan gabar tekun Columbia na Burtaniya. 

 Gina gine-gine da muhallin da aka gina 
Wani rahoto na shekara ta 2015 ya yi gargadin cewa mafi yawan jiragen ruwa za su yi kasala a karkashin damuwa na karuwar ambaliyar ruwa.  Wani rahoto na 2025 ya nuna cewa sababbin gidaje da aka gina a wurare masu haɗari, game da ambaliyar ruwa da gobara za su yi tsada sosai a kan lokaci. 

 Tsarin halittu 
Sauyin yanayi yana shafar rayuwar ruwa ta British Columbia saboda yanayin zafi da iska da ruwa, yana haifar da haɗari ga kifi saboda karuwar yanayin zafi wanda ke haifar da saurin metabolism da ƙarancin kuzari. 

 Hawan zafi 
Zafin zafi ya haifar da karuwar ambaliyar ruwa a cikin 2021 saboda raguwar ciyayi da za su sha ruwan sama. 

 Martani 
A cikin Disamba 2024, gwamnatin Columbia ta Burtaniya ta amince da samfuran makamashin iska guda 9, suna ba da makamashi 5 TWh kowace shekara, wanda zai isa ya ba da wutar lantarki ga gidaje "500,0000". 

 Doka 

 Dokar Bayar da Canjin Yanayi, 2007 (wanda aka fi sani da Dokar Rage Gas na Greenhouse, 2007 har zuwa 2018) 
A cikin 2007, gwamnatin Columbia ta Burtaniya ta tsara manufa don rage fitar da hayaki da kashi 16% nan da 2025, tare da ƙarin hari don 2030, 2040, 2050. 

A cikin 2010, fitar da hayaki a British Columbia ya karu da 0.9% daga 2007.  A cikin 2012, hayaki ya karu da 21.7% idan aka kwatanta da matakan 1990 kuma ya ragu da 6.5% idan aka kwatanta da matakan 2007. 

 Dokar Harajin Carbon, 2008 
British Columbia yana da harajin carbon tun 2008. 

Harajin carbon tsaka tsaki na kudaden shiga na BC shine irinsa na farko a Arewacin Amurka. An gabatar da shi a $ 10 / tonne na CO 2 eq a cikin 2008 kuma ya tashi da $ 5 / tonne na karuwa a kowace shekara har sai ya kai $ 30 / tonne a cikin 2012. A cikin 2021, harajin carbon ya karu daga $ 40 / tonne zuwa $ 45 / tonne, kuma an tsara shi don isa $ 50 / tonne a cikin 2022 harajin da ake bukata a cikin 2022  zuwa British Columbia ta hanyar rage haraji a wasu yankuna. 

 Dokar Rage Rage Gas na Greenhouse, 2018 
A cikin 2018, gwamnatin Columbia ta Burtaniya ta yi watsi da alkawurran da ta dauka na cimma burin 2030, saboda burin 2020 da alama ba zai yiwu ba.  

Dokar tana kiyaye alƙawura ga burin 2050. 

Hatsarin hayaki a British Columbia ya kai kololuwar tan miliyan 65.0, kashi 7% sama da matakan 2007.  

 Dokar Canjin Canjin Yanayi, 2019 

A shekara ta 2019, gwamnati ta sanar da shirye-shiryen sanya bukatu a kan tsare-tsaren da za a fitar a karkashin dokar don samun hari na wucin gadi. 

A shekara ta 2023, an yi watsi da karar da wata kotu, ta yi zargin cewa gwamnati ba ta cika wajibai a karkashin dokar da aka gyara ba, saboda dokar ba ta fayyace ba. Ana bukatar gwamnati ta samar da "takardun bayanai".  

Tarihin British Columbia bai cimma burinsa ba ya haifar da suka daga Ƙungiyar Shugabannin Indiya ta BC don ci gaba da "taɓa" albarkatun mai. 

 Dokar Motocin Sifili, 2019 

A cikin 2019 gwamnati ta ba da sanarwar cewa motoci, manyan motocin da aka siyar da su ta 2040 ba za su fitar da hayaki ba. 

A cikin 2022, harajin tallace-tallace na lardi ya dakatar da cajin motocin haya, wanda a hade tare da Dokar yana nufin cewa British Columbia ta kasance "a kan gaba" dangane da mallakar ZEV. 

 Low Carbon Fuels Dokar, 2022 

British Columbia ta aiwatar da tsauraran ka'idoji don ƙarancin iskar carbon don sashin jiragen sama.  Tun daga 2028, 1% na man jet dole ne ya zama mai dorewa na jirgin sama .  Ka'idar ta shafi man jet da ake shigo da shi lardin ko ake kerawa a lardin, ba tare da la'akari da inda jirgin zai nufa ba. 

 Dokar Canjin Motocin Sifili, 2023 
A cikin 2023, gwamnati ta matsar da burin 2040 zuwa 2035. 

Ministan Makamashi Josie Osborne ya ce gyare-gyaren da aka gabatar za su saukaka wa masu amfani da wutar lantarki wajen zabar motocin lantarki. 

Kungiyar dillalan pcar ta soki dokar, wadanda suka ba da shawarar cewa mafi saukin tsari zai fi kyau. 

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba