Hakkin binciken muhalli

Hakkin binciken muhalli, ko damar bin cikan muhalli a cikin doka muhalli ta Amurka, dama ce ta shaida da aka kirkira a karkashin dokar jihar. Hakkin yana kare sakamakon binciken muhalli na cikin gida na kamfanoni daga bayyanawa a gwaji, ko a binciken da aka yi kafin a yi shari'a.

Hakkin binciken muhalli ana nufin ya karfafa kamfanoni don kimanta nasu bin ka'idojin muhalli. Masu goyon bayan irin waɗannan dokoki sun ci gaba da jayayya cewa ya zama dole a ƙarfafa irin wannan kimantawa, saboda hukumomin da ke kula da su ba su da albarkatun 'yan sanda ga duk masu gurbatawa a cikin ikonsu.

Majalisar Musanya Dokokin Amurka mai ra'ayin mazan jiya ta haɓaka ƙa'idodin gata na duba muhalli, wacce ke rarraba ƙa'idar ƙirar da aka fi sani da "Dokar Gatar Muhalli na Jiha Uniform".  Koyaya, yawancin dokokin gata muhalli na jaha ba iri ɗaya ba ne, kuma sun bambanta sosai a cikin iyawarsu, keɓantawa da tasirin su..

Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta Amurka (EPA)ya kasance mai shakka game da dokokin gata na duba muhalli na jiha, kuma gabaɗaya yana buƙatar jihohi su iyakance tasirin gata don kada su tsoma baki tare da binciken tarayya.  Wadannan damuwar sun kara dagulewa da tambayar ko wadannan dokokin za su shafi hukumomin gwamnatin jihar da EPA ta wakilta a karkashin dokar tarayya.  Saboda haka, a baya, EPA ta yi amfani da ikonta na doka a cikin tawagar ikon tilasta wa EPA don hana jihohi yin amfani da dokokin gata na duba muhalli mai ƙarfi..

Wasu jihohi ba su amince da damar binciken muhalli ba, amma suna ba da kariya daga hukuncin farar hula don sakamakon binciken bin doka na ciki. Wadannan jihohin sun hada da Minnesota, New Jersey, da Rhode Island.

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