Tashar jiragen ruwa ta New York Storm-Surge Barrier

New York Harbor Storm-Surge Barrier wani tsarin shingen ambaliyar ruwa ne da aka tsara don kare New York-New Jersey Harbor Estuary daga guguwar guguwa. Tsarin da aka gabatar zai kunshi shingen daya da ke fadin bakin Lower New York Bay, mai yiwuwa tsakanin Sandy Hook (N.J.) da Rockaway (N.Y.), da kuma na biyu a saman Kogin Gabas don samar da zobe na kariya ga mafi yawan yankin bi-jiha. Ta hanyar amfani da ƙofofin ambaliyar ruwa, duka shingen biyu za su kasance da yawa a buɗe sassan a lokacin yanayi na al'ada don rage tasirin muhalli a kan kogin da ayyukan tashar jiragen ruwa

A madadin haka, shingen kudancin zai iya kasancewa tsakanin Coney Island da Staten Island. Wani shingen guguwa a wannan wuri zai zama rabin tsawon lokaci, amma zai buƙaci ƙarin shingen a fadin ƙofofin zuwa Jamaica Bay da Arthur Kill . 

Don magance matsalar hauhawar matakin teku, ƙananan ayyukan don ƙara tsawo na teku ko kuma ɗaga iyakokin bakin teku masu rauni zai zama dole. Don haka tsarin shingen guguwa tare da gyare-gyaren bakin teku zai samar da dabarun biyu don kare yankin. Hakanan za'a iya fadada tsarin shingen zuwa gabas, cike da gibin tsakanin tsibirai masu shingen, don kare al'ummomi daban-daban da ke gefen kudancin Long Island.An gabatar da wannan shawarar ne bayan Guguwar Sandy ta Metropolitan NY-NJ-LI Storm Surge Working Group (SSWG), wanda ya kunshi fitattun shugabannin jama'a, masana kimiyya na zamantakewa, masu nazarin teku, injiniyoyi, da gine-gine. Malcolm Bowman ne ke jagorantar kungiyar, farfesa a fannin ilimin teku a Jami'ar Jihar New York a Stony Brook .  A cikin tsarin shingen da aka tsara akwai mahimman kayan aiki kamar tashar jiragen ruwa da wuraren sufuri na teku; tashoshin sufuri na ƙasa da na karkashin kasa; manyan filayen jirgin sama na kasa da kasa guda uku; titin jirgin karkashin kasa da hanyoyin hanya; asibitoci; cibiyoyin sadarwa; masana'antu na arewacin New Jersey; da kuma miliyoyin mazauna da ke cikin haɗari a Birnin New York da bakin teku na Sandy Hook.Robert Yaro and Daniel Gutman, "The Plan to Save New York From the Next Sandy Will Ruin the Waterfront. It Doesn’t Have To.," New York Times, June 15, 2023

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Tashar jiragen ruwa ta New York-New Jersey tana da haɗari ga guguwar guguwa da ke barazanar mamaye yankin, ta sanya yawancin mazaunan yankin cikin haɗari, ta lalata kayan aikin da suka fi dacewa kuma ta lalata wasu daga cikin mahimman kadarorinta na tattalin arziki. A musamman hadari sune mafi rauni, al'ummomin da ke da karancin kudin shiga da ke cikin ayyukan gidaje na jama'a da yawa da ke kan ƙasa mai ƙasƙanci kusa da bakin teku.

Tushen makamashi ga duk guguwa shine yanayin zafi mai zafi na Tekun Atlantika da yanayin zafi mai kyau na Gulf Stream wanda ke gudana zuwa arewa tare da gabar teku ta gabas. Dangane da haka, guguwa sun fi haɗari lokacin da hanyarsu ta kasance a bakin teku.

Ikon Guguwar Sandy ya fito ne daga ruwan zafi mai ban mamaki da ke tsakiyar Tekun Atlantika da haɗuwa da manyan tsarin guguwa guda biyu. A zahiri, an saukar da Sandy daga guguwa ta farko zuwa guguwa mai zafi kafin ta sauka a New Jersey a ranar 29 ga Oktoba, 2012. Duk da haka, a matsayin guguwa mafi girma a cikin girman da National Weather Service ta taɓa yin rikodin (a mil 1100 a diamita), Sandy tana da mummunar tasirin guguwa a New York da New Jersey.

Hadarin da ke tattare da yankin New York Metropolitan ya hada da iska da lalacewar ambaliyar ruwa daga guguwar hunturu ko Easter wanda zai iya zama mai tsanani, ko ma mafi haɗari, fiye da guguwa da ba a saba gani ba. Duk da yake guguwa ba ta da tsawo kuma tana da ƙarfi, nor'easters suna ci gaba da daɗewa - na kwanaki da yawa - kuma suna haifar da manyan guguwa waɗanda ke hawa a saman manyan raƙuman ruwa da ke faruwa sau biyu a kowace rana.

Bugu da ƙari ga haɗarin guguwa, matakan teku suma suna ƙaruwa. A cikin shekaru 160 da suka gabata, ma'aunin batir na National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA's) ya auna yawan hauhawar matakin teku a matsayin ƙafa ɗaya a kowace ƙarni. Amma hauhawar matakin teku ya fara hanzarta, mai yiwuwa ƙara ƙarin ƙafa 3-6 zuwa matakin teku na yanzu a ƙarshen wannan ƙarni, ko kuma mai yiwuwa fiye idan narkewar kankara na Greenland ya ci gaba da ƙaruwa kuma manyan kankara a kusa da Antarctica suna ci gaba da fashewa.