Sansanin aiki na Brăila Swamp

Sansanonin aikin Brăila Swamp (Romawa: lăgarele din Balta Brăilei) jerin sansanonin ƙwadago ne da gwamnatin gurguzu ta Romania ke gudanarwa a cikin 1950s da 60s, a kusa da Babban Tsibirin Brăila.

 Tarihi 
An kafa wannan sansanoni don aiwatar da ayyukan noma daban-daban na jihar. Babban manufar su ita ce gina dicks na yumɓu da kuma bushe filayen ambaliyar ruwa don sauƙaƙe girma na amfanin gona. Amfani da fursunoni ba wai kawai ya ba da izinin aiki kyauta ba har ma da kwashewa daga biranen abubuwan da ake gani da haɗari. "Sake ilmantarwa" ta hanyar aiki wani yanki ne da aka bayyana. Yanayi mai tsanani, aiki mai yawa, rashin tsabta da fasahar inji sun ba da wuraren kawar da sansanonin. Fursunoni na siyasa sun rayu kuma sun yi aiki a iyakar jimiri. Mutane da yawa sun mutu kuma an binne su a cikin kaburbura marasa alama a ƙasar da aka tilasta musu yin aiki ko a cikin dicks da suka gina.The Romanian word "baltă" may be translated as "pond", however the Romanian word has a more generic meaning of expanses of stagnating shallow water.[1] In the context of Brăila the proper term would be "swamp" or "wetland", especially keeping in mind that the whole wetland around the chain of islands called "Small Brăila island" (Insula Mică a Brăilei) is called Balta Mică a Brăilei ("Small Brăila Swamp/Wetland)

 Ostrov 
An kafa sansanin Ostrov a watan Nuwamba 1952 kuma yana cikin Ostrov, a gefen dama na Danube. An kafa shi ne bayan an fara aiki a kan dicks, sakamakon buƙatar ƙarin aiki. Ya kunshi masu aikata laifuka da fursunonin siyasa. Akwai 340 daga cikin na ƙarshe a cikin 1952, suna ci gaba kamar haka: 200 (1953), 140 (1958), 1148 (1959), 3,632 (1960), 2,593 (1961), 1,945 (1962), 1,482 (1963), da 744 (1964). Tsakanin 1952 da 1967, an samu tserewa 45: fursunoni bakwai sun nitse a shekarar 1955. Cutar typhoid ta faru a watan Satumbar 1956. An san sansanin ne saboda yanayin rashin mutunci. Wannan shi ne musamman a karkashin Pavel Ion, mai kula da gida daga 1952 zuwa 1953. A lokacin jagorancinsa, an yi wa fursunoni duka da sandunan ƙarfe da cokali ba tare da wani dalili ba.

Sauran cin zarafin sun haɗa da kashewa ta hanyar harbi da binnewa da rai, kiyaye fursunoni ba tare da sutura ba kuma tilasta musu shiga cikin ruwa mai zurfi don yanke kara a cikin hunturu, bin su a kan doki da tattake su a ƙarƙashin ƙafa, tilasta musu su yi aiki tsirara kuma su tsaya a cikin ruwa mai daskarewa na sauro, ɗaure su da kuma fallasa su ga sauro. An lalata gawawwakin, beraye sun ci su, sun jefa su cikin sel. A karkashin Ion, fursunoni 63 sun mutu daga azabtarwa. An gwada shi tare da wasu shida, an yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai a 1955 kuma an sake shi bayan shekaru biyu. Sunan Daani sau da yawa yana bayyana a cikin takardu, musamman daga 1950 zuwa 1964. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi azaman kalmar laima don sansanin sansanin, ya bayyana daidai da Ostrov, wanda a hankali ya maye gurbinsa bayan 1960; lokacin da aka yi shi don takamaiman sansanin, ana nufin Salcia.

 Farko 
sansanin aiki na Periprava yana da nisan kilomita 3 daga ƙauyen Periprava, a cikin Danube Delta. Da Farko wani bangare ne na sansanin Chilia da aka yi amfani da shi don yankan kara, ya zama ƙungiyar da ke Tsaro a watan Yulin 1957, lokacin da aka aika fursunoni 200 daga sansanin iyaye don gudanar da dicks. An ajiye su a cikin alfarwa har zuwa 1958-1959, lokacin da aka gina bariki. An tilasta musu yin aiki a kan gina dicks, yankan kara (wanda aka fitar dashi zuwa Jamus ta Yamma), tonowa, gina hanya, noma dabbobin da amfanin gona. Adadin fursunoni ya tashi bayan da 'yan sanda na sirri suka kama su a shekarar 1958, don haka aka kafa wasu sassan biyu.

Fursunoni sun kasance talakawa da na siyasa har zuwa 1964, kodayake a shekarar 1959, an tura kusan dukkanin wadanda suka gabata, yayin da aka kawo kusan fursunonin siyasa 2000. Wadannan sun hada da fursunoni daga kurkuku na Aiud, Gherla da Constanța, da kuma fursunonin Iron Guard daga kusa da Craiova. A shekara ta 1957, sansanin yana da fursunoni 2,040 ko sama da 5,000, dangane da tushen. Sauran 940 an sake su a shekarar 1964. Akwai masu gadi 400; tserewa goma sha ɗaya sun faru tsakanin 1957 da 1964, biyu daga cikin 'yan gudun hijirar da aka harbe su. An kawo masu aikata laifuka bayan 1964, kuma an rufe sansanin a shekara ta 1974. An tuna da Warden Ion Ficior (1960-1963) saboda irin zaluncinsa; zai ci gaba da tsare fursunoni a iyakar yunwa kuma ya ba da umarnin kisa ga waɗanda suka ci shuke-shuke da suka girbe ko suka rasa adadin su. Sau da yawa, fursunoni biyu ko uku kowace dare kuma, da zarar rabin gawawwakin da suka tara, za a jefa su cikin kaburbura.

 Salcia 
Da farko Daani bangare ne na sansanin Ostrov, yankin azabtarwa na Salcia yana cikin Daeni, a gefen hagu na Danube. An kafa shi a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1952, an tilasta wa wadanda aka tsare su aiki a wurare da yawa: gina wani madatsar ruwa wanda zai kare gonar daga ambaliyar Danube, noma da dabbobi, tattara kara kuma, mafi wuya, gina wani madadawa; an fitar da ƙasa tare da karusa, ya zama da wuya yayin da suka kara zurfi. Jama'ar sun hada da masu aikata laifuka da fursunonin siyasa, waɗanda aka tsare a yankuna daban-daban. Ba za a iya biyan adadin aikin ba, musamman ga maza da suka kusan kusan kashe yunwa. Rashin saduwa da waɗannan ana azabtar da su ta hanyar duka na yau da kullun; azabtarwa wani lokacin yakan ƙare kashe fursunoni. A wani lamari, an sanya wani mutum da ya mutu a kurkuku; an dawo da gawarsa, wanda beraye suka cinye shi, washegari. Bincike a shekara ta 1954 ya haifar da hukuncin ɗaurin kurkuku a shekara mai zuwa; an saki waɗanda aka yanke musu hukunci bayan shekaru biyu.

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