Yanayin Hokkaido

Tsibirin Hokkaidō yana arewacin Japan, kusa da Rasha (Sakhalin Oblast).  Yana da bakin teku a kan Tekun Japan (zuwa yammacin tsibirin), Tekun Okhotsk (a arewa), da Tekun Pacific (zuwa gabas).  Tsakiyar tsibirin tana da tsaunuka, tare da tudun dutse mai aman wuta.  Hokkaidō yana da filaye da yawa kamar filin Ishikari mai faɗin murabba'in kilomita 3,800 (sq mi), Tokachi Plain 3,600 murabba'in kilomita (1,400 sq mi), Filin Kushiro murabba'in murabba'in kilomita 2,510 (970 sq mi) (mafi girman filin jika a cikin murabba'in murabba'in Japan)  (77 sq mi).  Hokkaidō yana da fadin murabba'in kilomita 83,423.84 (32,210.12 sq mi) wanda ya mai da shi tsibiri na biyu mafi girma a Japan.

Tsugaru Strait ya raba Hokkaidō daga Honshu (Aomori Prefecture);  La Pérouse Strait ya rabu da Hokkaidô daga tsibirin Sakhalin a Rasha; Nemuro Strait ya ware Hokkaidū daga Tsibirin Kunashir a cikin Tsibirin Kuril na Rasha.

Ikon gwamnati na Hokkaidō ya ƙunshi ƙananan tsibirai da yawa, gami da Rishiri, Tsibirin Okushiri, da Rebun.  (Ta hanyar lissafin Jafananci, Hokkaidō kuma ya haɗa da yawancin Tsibirin Kuril.) Gundumar Hokkaidô ita ce mafi girma kuma mafi arewacin Yankin Japan. Tsibirin yana cikin matsayi na 21 a duniya ta yanki.

 Muhalli 

 Tsire-tsire da dabbobi 
Akwai mutane uku na Ussuri brown bear da aka samu a tsibirin. Akwai bears masu launin ruwan kasa a Hokkaidō fiye da ko'ina a Asiya ban da Rasha. An raba beyar launin ruwan kasa ta Hokkaidō zuwa asali uku daban-daban. Akwai zuriya takwas kawai a duniya. Wadanda ke kan Honshu sun mutu tun da daɗewa.

Nau'in conifer na asali a arewacin Hokkaidō shine Sakhalin fir (Abies sachalinensis).  Hakanan ana samun shuka mai fure Hydrangea hirta a tsibirin.

 Ilimin ƙasa 
Kamar yankuna da yawa na Japan, Hokkaidō yana da karfin girgizar ƙasa. Baya ga girgizar ƙasa da yawa, ana ɗaukar tsaunuka masu zuwa har yanzu suna aiki (akalla fashewa ɗaya tun 1850):

 Hokkaido Koma-ga-take
 Dutsen Usu da Shōwa-shinzan
 Dutsen Tarumae
 Dutsen Tokachi
 Dutsen Meakan

A shekara ta 1993, girgizar kasa mai girman 7.7 ta haifar da Tsunami wanda ya lalata Okushiri, inda ya kashe mazauna 202. girgizar ƙasa mai girman 6.6.3.3 ta auku a kusa da tsibirin a ranar 26 ga Satumba, 2003. A ranar 6 ga Satumba, 2018, girgizar kasa mai girman 6.6 ta auku tare da cibiyarta kusa da birnin Tomakomai, wanda ya haifar da hasken wuta a duk tsibirin.

A ranar 16 ga Mayu, 2021, girgizar kasa da ta auna 6.1 a kan sikelin Richter ta auku a yankin Hokkaidō na Japan.

 Gidajen shakatawa 

+Gidan shakatawa na kasaGidan shakatawa na Shiretoko*Shahararren saniGidan shakatawa na Akan MashuRashin sanyiGidan shakatawa na Kushiro-shitsugenRuwa mai laushiGidan shakatawa na DaisetsuzanBabban Dutsen雪Gidan shakatawa na Shikotsu-TōyaWannan shi ne abin da ya faruGidan shakatawa na Rishiri-Rebun-SarobetsuLokiyar da aka yi amfani da ita

+Gidajen shakatawa na kasa (gidan shakatawa na ƙasa) Gidan shakatawa na AbashiriGudun yanar gizoHidaka-sanmyaku Erimo Quasi-National ParkRana tsaunuka masu faɗakarwaNiseko-Shakotan-Otaru Kaigan Kusan Gidan shakatawa na KasaYa yi amfani da shi a matsayin mai suna "shirin"Gidan shakatawa na ŌnumaBabban沼Shokanbetsu-Teuri-Yagishiri Kusan Gidan shakatawa na KasaRashin sanyi na yau da kullun

 Gidajen shakatawa na halitta goma sha biyu (道立自然 park). Gidan shakatawa na gundumar ya rufe hekta 146,802, mafi girman yanki na kowane gundumar. Gidan shakatawa na Akkeshi Gidan shakata na Esan Gidan shakaka na Furano-Ashibetsu Gidan shakataw na Hiyama Gidan shakampiw na Kariba-Motta Gidan shakay na Matsumae-Yagoshi Gidan shakayam na Arewacin Okhotsk Gidan shakamp na Nopporo Shinrin Kōen Gidan shakakw na Notsuke-Fūren Gidan shakatam na Shumarinai Gidan shak shakatawa na Prefectural Gidan shakam na Teshiodake 
 Gidan shakatawa na Akkeshi
 Gidan shakatawa na Esan
 Gidan shakatawa na Furano-Ashibetsu
 Gidan shakatawa na Hiyama Prefectural
 Gidan shakatawa na Kariba-Motta
 Matsumae-Yagoshi Prefectural Natural Park
 Gidan shakatawa na Arewacin Okhotsk
 Gidan shakatawa na Nopporo Shinrin Kōen
 Gidan shakatawa na Notsuke-Fūren
 Gidan shakatawa na Sharidake Prefectural
 Gidan shakatawa na Shumarinai
 Gidan shakatawa na Teshiodake Prefectural

+Yankunan ruwa na RamsarYankin Ruwa na KushiroRuwa mai laushiTafkin Kutcharoクッチャロ tafkiTafkin UtonaiAurora da kuma tafkinYankin KiritappuRashin da yawa da aka yi amfani da shiTafkin Akkeshi, Bekkanbeushi WetlandYankin Bekkanbeushi WetlandRuwa mai zurfi・別寒辺湿原Miyajima Marsh宮島沼Yankin Ruwa na Uryūnuma雨竜沼湿原Filin SarobetsuRauna da RaunaTafkin TōfutsuRuwa mai tafkiTafkin AkanTafkin AkiriYankin Notsuke, Notsuke Bay野付半島・野付灣Bayar da Bayar daTafkin Fūren, ShunkunitaiRuwa na Ruwa na YanuwaRanar da shekara

 Ƙananan yankuna 
Ya zuwa watan Afrilu na shekara ta , Hokkaidō tana da manyan ofisoshin Subprefectural guda tara da kuma ofisoshin subprefectural biyar. Hokkaidō na ɗaya daga cikin yankuna takwas a Japan waɗanda ke da ƙananan yankuna (支庁 shichō). Koyaya, ita ce kawai ɗaya daga cikin takwas da ke da irin waɗannan ofisoshin da ke rufe duk yankinta a waje da manyan biranen (maimakon samun su kawai don tsibirai masu nisa ko yankuna masu nisa). Wannan galibi saboda girmansa ne; sassa da yawa na gundumar suna da nisa sosai don Sapporo ya gudanar da su yadda ya kamata. Ofisoshin subprefectural a Hokkaidō suna gudanar da yawancin ayyukan da ofisoshin prefectural ke cikawa a wasu wurare a Japan.
YankinJafananciBabban birniBabban gariPop.  ([sabuntawa]) Yankin (km2) Manyan hukumomi1SorachiIwamizawaIwamizawa338,4855,791.19Birane 10Garin 14aSashin IshikariSapporoSapporo2,324,8783,539.86Biranen 61 gari1 ƙauye2ShiribeshiKutchanOtaru234,9844,305.831 birniGaruruwa 13Garin 63IburiMuroranTomakomai419,1153,698.00Birane 4Garuruwa 7bHidakaUrakawaShinhidaka76,0844,811.97Garuruwa 74OshimaHakodateHakodate433,4753,936.46Birane 2Garuruwa 9cSanya HiyamaEsashiSetana43,2102,629.94Garuruwa 75KamikawaAsahikawaAsahikawa527,57510,619.20Birane 4Garuruwa 17Ƙauyuka 2dRuwaRumoiRumoiRumoi53,9163,445.751 birniGaruruwa 61 ƙauye6SōyaWakkanaiWakkanai71,4234,625.091 birniGaruruwa 81 ƙauye7OkhotskAbashiriKitami309,48710,690.62Birane 3Garin 141 ƙauye8TokachiObihiroObihiro353,29110,831.241 birniGaruruwa 16Ƙauyuka 29KushiroKushiroKushiro252,5715,997.381 birniGaruruwa 61 ƙauyeda kumaNemuroNemuroNemuro84,0353,406.231 birniGaruruwa 4* Japan ta yi ikirarin kudancin Tsibirin Kuril (Yankin Arewa), wanda a halin yanzu Rasha ke gudanarwa, wanda ke cikin yankin Nemuro wanda aka raba zuwa ƙauyuka shida. Koyaya, teburin da ke sama ya cire bayanan waɗannan tsibirai.

 Yanayi 
A matsayin yanki mafi sanyi na Japan, Hokkaidō yana da sanyin lokacin rani da lokacin sanyi / dusar ƙanƙara.  Yawancin tsibirin sun faɗi a cikin yanayin yanayi na yanayi mai ɗanɗano tare da Köppen yanayin rarrabuwa Dfb (hemiboreal) a yawancin yankuna amma Dfa (nauyin zafi mai zafi na nahiyar) a cikin wasu wurare na cikin ƙasa.  Matsakaicin yanayin zafi na watan Agusta yana daga 17 zuwa 22 °C (62.6 zuwa 71.6 °F), yayin da matsakaicin zafin watan Janairu ke tashi daga -12 zuwa −4 °C (10.4 zuwa 24.8 °F), a cikin yanayi biyun ya danganta da tsayi da nisa daga teku, kodayake yanayin zafi a gefen yamma na tsibiri mai dumi yakan zama kadan.  Mafi girman zafin jiki da aka taɓa samu shine 39.5 °C (103.1 °F) akan 26 ga Mayu 2019.. 

Yankin arewacin Hokkaidō ya faɗi cikin taiga biome[1] tare da babban dusar ƙanƙara.  Dusar ƙanƙara ta bambanta da nisan mita 11 (400 in) akan tsaunukan da ke kusa da Tekun Japan zuwa kusan mita 1.8 (inci 71) a gabar tekun Pacific.  Tsibirin na da son samun keɓancewar dusar ƙanƙara da ke tasowa da dusar ƙanƙara mai dorewa.  Jimlar hazo ya bambanta daga milimita 1,600 (63 in) akan tsaunukan Tekun Japan zuwa kusan milimita 800 (31 in) (mafi ƙasƙanci a Japan) akan Tekun Okhotsk da ƙananan wurare da kuma kusan milimita 1,100 (43 in) a gefen Pacific.  Gabaɗaya babban ingancin dusar ƙanƙara da tsaunuka masu yawa a cikin Hokkaidō sun sa ya zama yanki mai shahara don wasannin dusar ƙanƙara.  Dusar kankara tana farawa da gaske a cikin Nuwamba kuma wuraren shakatawa (kamar waɗanda ke Niseko, Furano, Teine da Rusutsu) galibi suna aiki tsakanin Disamba da Afrilu.  Hokkaidō yana murna da yanayin hunturu a Sapporo Snow Festival. Snow .

A lokacin hunturu, wucewa ta Tekun Okhotsk sau da yawa yana da rikitarwa ta hanyar manyan kankara. Haɗe da manyan iskõki da ke faruwa a lokacin hunturu, wannan sau da yawa yana kawo tafiye-tafiye na iska da ayyukan teku zuwa tsayawa bayan arewacin gabar Hokkaidō. Tashoshin jiragen ruwa a kan bude Tekun Pacific da Tekun Japan gabaɗaya ba su da kankara a duk shekara, kodayake yawancin koguna suna daskarewa a lokacin hunturu.

Ba kamar sauran manyan tsibirai na Japan ba, Hokkaidō yawanci ba ya shafar lokacin ruwan sama na Mayu-Yuni da rashin zafi na dangi kuma yawanci dumi, maimakon zafi, yanayin bazara ya sa yanayin ya zama abin jan hankali ga masu yawon bude ido daga wasu sassan Japan.

 Bayanan yanayi 

+Monthly average highs and lows for various cities and towns in Hokkaido in Celsius and FahrenheitCityMaySapporoHakodateAsahikawaKushiroWakkanaiRikubetsuSaromaOkushiriErimo

 Hotuna 

Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba