Ikon Hutu

Hutu Power, Ikon Hutu Supremacy, ra'ayi ne na kabilanci wanda ke tabbatar da fifikon kabilanci na Hutu, sau da yawa a cikin mahallin kasancewa mafi girma ga Tutsi da Twa, sabili da haka, suna da damar mamayewa da kashe waɗannan kungiyoyi biyu da sauran 'yan tsiraru. Masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na Hutu sun goyi bayan, goyon baya mai yawa ga akidar ya haifar da Rwanda_genocid="Rwandan genocide">Kisan kare dangi na Rwanda a 1994 a kan Tutsi, Hutu masu matsakaici waɗanda suka yi tsayayya da kisan, da Twa, waɗanda aka ɗauka masu cin amana. Jam'iyyun siyasa da ƙungiyoyi na Hutu Power sun haɗa da Akazu, Parmehutu, Coalition for the Defence of the Republic da 'yan bindiga na Impuzamugambi, da kuma gwamnatin National Republican Movement for Democracy and Development da' yan bindiga na Interahamwe. Mafi girman Hutu ya fi yawa a Rwanda da Burundi, inda Hutu suka ƙunshi mafi yawan jama'a. Saboda hallakawa, an kwatanta akidar da Nazism a Yammacin duniya.

A cikin 1990, Hassan Ngeze ya rubuta Dokoki Goma na Hutu, takarda da ta zama tushen akidar Hutu Power.  Dokokin sun yi kira ga mafi girman Hutu a Rwanda, jagorancin Hutu na musamman a kan cibiyoyin jama'a na Rwanda da rayuwar jama'a, cikakken rarrabe Hutu daga Tutsis, da kuma cikakken ware Tutsis daga cibiyoyin gwamnati da rayuwar jamaʼa. Hutu Power akidar ta zargi Tutsis kamar yadda baƙi suka damu da maido da mulkin mallaka na Tutsi, da kuma al'adun Hutu.

 Tarihi 

 Tarihi 
Masarautar Rwanda ta al'ada ce ta Tutsi mwami (sarki). Shaidar tarihi ta nuna cewa an haɗa Hutu da Twa a cikin gwamnati, amma an haɗa Twa a ciki da yawa fiye da Hutu, waɗanda suka fi yawa. An kira rarrabuwar Tutsi / Hutu a matsayin tsarin kabilanci. Hutu na iya samun matsayin Tutsi ta hanyar aure ko ta hanyar nasara. Tutsis, kasancewar da farko makiyaya, suna da matsayi mafi mahimmanci a cikin al'ummar Rwanda fiye da masanin aikin gona na Hutu, da mafarauci-mai tarawa da kuma tukwane Twa.

Al'umma ta kirkiro ra'ayoyin matsayi na zamantakewa wanda ya dogara da ayyukan gargajiya na kungiyoyin: Twa, suna aiki kai tsaye tare da ƙasa (ta hanyar tukwane), an dauke su marasa tsabta; Hutu, har yanzu suna aiki da ƙasa amma ƙasa da Twa, an dauke su da ƙasa mai tsarki fiye da Tutsi na sama. Lokacin da Jamus, kuma daga baya Belgium, suka mallaki masarautar, sun fassara rarrabuwar kabilanci ko kabilanci ta hanyar ra'ayin Hamitic. 

Marubutan Turai irin su John Hanning Speke sun rubuta game da Tutsi a matsayin asalin Hamitic, sun samo asali daga Habasha ta zamani kuma sun yi ƙaura zuwa kudu, kuma sun kawo "wayewa" ga jinsin Negroid na Afirka Kudu da Sahara.  A sakamakon haka, gwamnatin mulkin mallaka ta fifita Tutsi a kan Hutu da Twa. Bugu da kari, sun kafa tsarin katin shaida da rarrabuwar kabilanci a cikin kidayar jama'a, wanda ya karfafa rarrabuwar kabilanci da kuma haifar da rikici tsakanin kungiyoyi. A hakikanin gaskiya, Tutsi, Hutu, da Twa ba su da bambancin al'adu ko jinsi.

 Canji a mulkin mallaka na Belgium 
Zuwa ƙarshen mulkin Belgium, gwamnati ta fara son Hutu, waɗanda ke shirya don ƙarin tasiri. Mafi mahimmanci, gwamnatin Belgium ta ji tsoron hauhawar Kwaminisanci da kuma mulkin gurguzu na Afirka wanda Patrice Lumumba na Congo-Léopoldville ya jagoranta. Babban Mazaunin Belgium Guy Logiest ya kafa zaben dimokuradiyya na farko a Rwanda don kauce wa siyasa mai tsattsauran ra'ayi. A matsayin mafi yawan jama'a, Hutu sun zabi 'yan takarar su zuwa mafi yawan mukamai a sabuwar gwamnati.

 Kafawa 
Shugaban kasa na farko da aka zaba Grégoire Kayibanda, dan kabilar Hutu, ya yi amfani da tashin hankali na kabilanci don kiyaye ikonsa. Masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na Hutu, suna aiki tare da ƙungiyarsa (kuma daga baya a kan shi), sun karɓi ra'ayin Hamitic, suna nuna Tutsi a matsayin baƙi, masu mamayewa, da masu zalunci na Rwanda. Wasu 'yan Hutu masu tsattsauran ra'ayi sun yi kira da a "sake Tutsi zuwa Abyssinia", wanda ke nuni da ƙasarsu. Wannan ra'ayi na farko na ikon Hutu ya tsara "kafin mamayewa" Rwanda: yankin da ya fi dacewa da kabilanci wanda Hutu suka mamaye.

Karkashin Habyarimana
A shekarar 1973, babban janar kuma ministan tsaro Juvénal Habyarimana, Bafurace dan kabilar Hutu wanda masu tsattsauran ra'ayi daga arewacin Ruwanda suka mara baya, ya hambarar da Kayibanda tare da kashe shi da matarsa yayin da suke tsare a gida. Mutane da dama daga cikin magoya bayansa sun fito ne daga gundumar sa ta arewa, zuriyar masarautun Hutu wadanda suka kasance suna da cin gashin kai kafin lokacin mulkin mallaka. Gwamnatin da aka kafa ta fi kyau ga Tutsis, domin tashe-tashen hankula da gwamnati ke daukar nauyi sun fi faruwa lokaci-lokaci fiye da na karkashin Kayibanda.

Tare da yanayin tattalin arziki mai wahala, kuma saboda barazanar mamayewar Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), Habyarimana ya koma ga rura wutar rikicin kabilanci.

Masu Magana
Hutu Power ta sami masu magana daban-daban. Hassan Ngeze, wani dan kasuwa wanda gwamnati ta dauka don yaki da wallafa ta Tutsi mai suna Kanguka, ya kirkira kuma ya shirya Kangura, wata takardar labarai mai tsattsauran ra'ayi ta Hutu Power. Ya wallafa "Umarnai Goma Na Hutu", wadanda suka hada da wadannan:
 Hutu da Tutsi kada su yi aure;
 Tsarin ilimi dole ne ya kasance yana da rinjayen Hutu (yana nuna yawan jama'a); kuma
 Dakarun sojan Ruwanda ya kamata su kasance Hutu ne kawai.

Radio Télévision Libre des Mille Collines ta watsa shirye-shiryen rediyo da ke nuna karshen jurewar Tutsi, tana maimaita Umarnai Goma Na Hutu, da kuma gina goyon baya ga akidar Hutu Power. Manyan muryoyi biyu na RTLM sune masu shela Valérie Bemeriki da Georges Ruggiu. Maimaita Umarnai Goma Na Hutu wani yunkuri ne na tunzura da kuma tattara al'umma don aikata kisan kare dangi ga Tutsi, wadanda aka nuna a matsayin masu barazana ga tsarin zamantakewa da siyasa da aka samu tun bayan samun 'yancin kai, kuma kamar yadda Akazu ta yi tunani.Joan and Dixon Kamukama (2000). "Kakwenzire", in The Path of a Genocide: The Rwanda Crisis from Uganda to Zaire, Howard Adelman and Astri Suhrke (eds). London: Transaction Publishers, p. 75Chalk, Frank (2002). "Hate Radio in Rwanda", in The Path of a Genocide: The Rwanda Crisis from Uganda to Zaire, Howard Adelman and Astri Suhrke (eds). London: Transaction Publishers. Dan siyasa Léon Mugesera ya yi jawabi a watan Nuwamba, 1992, inda aka ce ya bayyana cewa, "Kada ku ji tsoro, ku sani cewa duk wanda ba ku yanke wuyansa ba shine zai yanke wuyan ku...Bari su tattara kayansu, bari su tafi, domin kada wani ya dawo nan ya yi magana kuma kada wani ya kawo tarkace yana ikirarin cewa tutoci ne!"http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2005/2005scc40/2005scc40.html Supreme Court of Canada – Decisions – Mugesera v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration)  Shirye-shiryen rediyo sau da yawa suna kiran Tutsi inyenzi, kalmar Kinyarwanda mai ma'anar 'kwaro', kodayake kalmar ta kasance kuma bayanin kai ne na membobin Tutsi Rwanda Patriotic Front.https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/in-rwanda-ex-quebeckers-genocide-trial-stokes-ethnic-tensions/article15477125/ In Rwanda, ex-Quebecker’s genocide trial stokes ethnic tensions

Kisan Kare Dangi na Ruwanda
A lokacin yunkurin tattaunawa (Arusha Accords (Rwanda)) tsakanin gwamnatin Ruwanda da RPF, masu tsattsauran ra'ayin Hutus sun fara zargin cewa Tutsis da Hutus marasa tsattsauran ra'ayi suna sarrafa Habyarimana. Sun bata sunan Firaminista na lokacin Agathe Uwilingiyimana.Jones, Bruce (2000). "The Arusha Peace Process", in The Path of a Genocide: The Rwanda Crisis from Uganda to Zaire, Howard Adelman and Astri Suhrke (eds). London: Transaction Publishers. Page 146 Bayan kisan Habyarimana, wani aiki da a lokacin mutane suka yi hasashe cewa masu tsattsauran ra'ayin Tutsi ne suka yi, sojojin Hutu Power sun tattara 'yan banga, musamman Interahamwe, da kuma tarzoma don aiwatar da kisan gilla na kisan kare dangi na Ruwanda. Jami'an tsaron fadar shugaban kasa na sojoji sun kashe Firaminista Uwilingiyimana da wasu manyan jami'an gwamnati masu matsakaicin ra'ayi.

Kaye na gwamnati ta hanyar RPF ya kawo karshen kisan kare dangi, kuma an kayar da motsin Hutu Power kuma an murkushe shi. An kama yawancin masu magana da yawun Hutu Power bayan kisan kare dangi, an gurfanar da su kuma an shigar da su kara. An samu Ngeze da laifi kuma an yanke masa hukuncin shekaru 35 a kurkuku. A shekarar 2005, an kori Mugesera daga Canada zuwa Ruwanda don fuskantar shari'a saboda rawar da ya taka a kisan gilla.https://web.archive.org/web/20210709190309/https://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/1119959045332_19?hub=TopStories CTV.ca | "Top court upholds Mugesera deportation order", CTV Canada

Kisan Kare Dangi na Ruwanda
A lokacin tattaunawar (Arusha Accords) tsakanin gwamnatin Ruwanda da RPF, wasu 'yan Hutu masu tsattsauran ra'ayi sun fara zargin cewa Habyarimana na samun jagorancin Tutsis da Hutus marasa tsattsauran ra'ayi. Sun yi maganganun bata suna ga Firaminista na lokacin, Agathe Uwilingiyimana.Jones, Bruce (2000). "The Arusha Peace Process", in The Path of a Genocide: The Rwanda Crisis from Uganda to Zaire, Howard Adelman and Astri Suhrke (eds). London: Transaction Publishers. Page 146 Bayan kisan Habyarimana, wani aiki da a lokacin mutane suka yi hasashen cewa 'yan tsattsauran ra'ayin Tutsi ne suka yi, sojojin Hutu Power sun tattara 'yan banga, musamman Interahamwe, da kuma gungun mutane don gudanar da kisan kiyashi na kisan kare dangi na Ruwanda. Sojojin Tsaron Shugaban Kasa sun kashe Firaminista Uwilingiyimana da sauran manyan jami'an gwamnati masu matsakaicin ra'ayi.

Karin gwamnati da RPF ya kawo karshen kisan kare dangi, kuma an kayar da motsin Hutu Power tare da danne shi. An kama yawancin masu magana da yawun Hutu Power bayan kisan kare dangi, an tuhume su kuma an gurfanar da su a gaban kotu. An sami Ngeze da laifi kuma an yanke masa hukuncin shekaru 35 a kurkuku. A shekara ta 2005, an kori Mugesera daga Kanada zuwa Ruwanda don fuskantar shari'a saboda rawar da ya taka a cikin kashe-kashen.https://web.archive.org/web/20210709190309/https://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/1119959045332_19?hub=TopStories CTV.ca | "Top court upholds Mugesera deportation order", CTV Canada

Kamanceceniya da Nazism (National Socialism)
A cikin al'ummar Yammacin duniya, ana yawan kwatanta motsin Hutu Power da National Socialism (Nazism).https://www.researchgate.net/publication/292979999_The_Politics_of_Intimacy_Nazi_and_Hutu_Propaganda_as_Case_Studies Bare URL inline|date=July 2025 Kisan Kare Dangi na Ruwanda na 1994 an kuma kwatanta shi da kisan kare dangi na Yahudawan Turai da Nazi suka yi a lokacin Yakin Duniya na Biyu (Holocaust).

A kan al'amuran siyasa na hagu-dama, duka akidojin an rarraba su a matsayin masu tsattsauran ra'ayin dama. Motsin Hutu Power yana da kamanceceniya da yawa da na Nazism, gami da fifikon kabilanci, wulakanci, da amfani da farfaganda don haifar da tashin hankali.https://www.overcominghateportal.org/uploads/5/4/1/5/5415260/hitler_pol_pot_and_hutu_power.pdf Bare URL PDF|date=July 2025https://repub.eur.nl/pub/21553/_Hintjens1999Rwandaexplaininggenocidearticle.pdf Bare URL PDF|date=July 2025 Hutu Power ya kuma ba da shawarar kafa gwamnatin Ruwanda ta kama-karya, kamar yadda NSDAP ta samu nasara a Jamus ta Nazi a lokacin wanzuwarta daga 1933 zuwa 1945.

A duka lokuta, wani rukuni mai rinjaye ya ayyana kansa a matsayin mai girma kuma ya nuna wata 'yar tsirarun rukuni a matsayin barazana da ke buƙatar kawar da ita. Nazism ya dogara ne akan imani a cikin fifikon jinsi na Aryan, tare da Yahudawa, Roma, Slavs, da sauran su a matsayin marasa daraja ko makiyya. Haka nan, Hutu Power ya inganta ra'ayin cewa Hutus sune mutanen Ruwanda na gaskiya, kuma Tutsis baƙi ne, masu mamayewa, da/ko azzalumai.

Wulakanci ya kasance babban dabarun da masu goyon bayan waɗannan akidoji biyu suka yi amfani da shi. Nazi sun kira Yahudawa ƙwayoyin cuta, cuta, ko tsutsotsi yayin da farfagandar Hutu Power ta kira Tutsis inyenzi ("kyankyanomas") - kalmar da ake amfani da ita akai-akai a cikin shirye-shiryen rediyo da ke karfafa tashin hankali.

Duka akidojin sun tsara tashin hankali a matsayin hanyar "tsarkake" ko "kare" al'ummar daga cin hanci ko barazana na ciki. The Final Solution da kuma yakin kisan kiyashi na adawa da Tutsi an nuna su a matsayin ayyukan kishin kasa. Nazi sun yi amfani da SS kuma sun karfafa talakawa 'yan Jamus su kai rahoto, su ci amana, ko ma su taimaka a cikin kisan gilla da korawa. Hakazalika, Hutu Power ya ba da makamai da horo ga 'yan banga na Interahamwe, amma kuma ya shigar da makwabta, abokai, har ma da limamai a cikin kashe-kashen. Wannan ya haifar da al'ada inda kisan kare dangi ba kawai manufofin gwamnati ba ne – ya zama na kashin kai, mai kusanci, da kuma na gida.

 Manazarta