Dokar 'Yancin New York

Dokar 'Yancin New York lissafi ne na tsarin mulki na haƙƙin da aka fara kafawa a shekara ta 1787 a matsayin doka, sannan kuma a matsayin wani ɓangare na kundin tsarin mulkin jihar a shekara ta 1881 a jihar New York ta Amurka. A yau, ana iya samun Dokar 'Yancin New York a Mataki na I na Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Jihar New York kuma yana ba da kariya mai zurfi fiye da Dokar' Yancin Tarayya.

 Tarihi da tarihi 

 Tasirin Ingilishi da New York na mulkin mallaka 
Dokar 'Yancin New York ta sami rinjaye daga magabata na Ingilishi kamar Magna Carta, Petition of Right, Declaration of Right na 1689, da kuma Dokar' Yancin 1689 . 

Kafin shekara ta 1776, mazauna mulkin mallaka na New York sun yi ƙoƙari su zartar da dokokin da suka tabbatar da hakkinsu na asali. A cikin shekara ta 1683, taron farko na New York ya karɓi "Charter of Libertyes and Priviledges,"  kuma a cikin shekara ta 1691, taron ya karɓi irin wannan Dokar da ta ayyana "Hakkin da Priviledzes na Maɗaukansu Masu zaune a cikin Lardin New York. "  Koyaya, duka dokokin mulkin mallaka sun hana su. 

 Post-1776 da Kundin Tsarin Mulki na New York 
A watan Agustan shekara ta 1776, jim kadan bayan tabbatar da Sanarwar 'Yancin Kai ta Amurka a ranar 4 ga Yuli, shekara ta 1776.  Yarjejeniyar Wakilai ta Jihar New York ta sanya kwamiti don tsara kundin tsarin mulki da lissafin haƙƙoƙi. Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Jihar New York na farko da Yarjejeniyar ta karɓa a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1777 bai ƙunshi takardar haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙoƙi ba. Maimakon haka, ya ƙunshi sashe da yawa da ke tabbatar da haƙƙoƙin asali kamar: duk ikon da aka samo daga mutane,  mazaunin maza wanda ya dogara da zama,  'yancin ba da shawara a cikin shari'o'in aikata laifuka da na farar hula,  'yancin addini,  kawar da cibiyoyin addini, [4] da kuma tabbacin tsarin da ya dace. 

 1787: Dokar Shari'a ta Hakki 
A ranar 13 ga Janairu, 1787, Samuel Jones, memba na Majalisar New York, ya gabatar da wani kudiri mai suna, "Wani aiki da ya shafi 'yancin jama'ar wannan Jiha," wanda ya wuce duka Majalisa da Majalisar Dattijai, kuma ya zama doka a ranar 26 ga Janairu, 1787. Wannan Dokar tana da sakin layi goma sha uku da ke lissafin wasu haƙƙoƙin da aka samu daga Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Jihar New York, da Dokar Haƙƙin Haƙƙin Bil'adama 1, 6, Bill of Rights, Bill of Rights, 1, Bill of Rights da New York.  Dokokin Haƙƙin AmurkaEmery, Robert (2003). "New York's Statutory Bill of Rights: A Constitutional Coelacanth". Touro Law Review. 19 (2): 363.

 1821-yau: Dokar Kundin Tsarin Mulki ta Hakki 
Yarjejeniyar Tsarin Mulki ta Jiha ta 1821 ta ƙara da Bill of Rights zuwa kundin tsarin mulkin jihar a karon farko a cikin Mataki na ashirin da na VII na Kundin Tsarin Mulki na 1821.  Kundin tsarin mulki na farko na New York Bill of Rights yana da sashe 14.[2]  A shekara ta 1846, New York ta sake yin wani taron tsarin mulki inda ta mayar da Dokar 'Yancin zuwa kashin farko na kundin tsarin mulkin jihar, kuma ya kara da wasu sabbin maganganu guda 2: haramta zalunci da azabtarwa da ba a saba ba da kuma amincewa da 'yancin 'yan ƙasa don tarawa da koke ga majalisa.  Kundin Tsarin Mulki na 1894 zai ƙara wasu ƙa'idodi da suka shafi fitattun yanki, caca, da ayyukan kisa na kuskure.[5]  Sabuntawa da yawa sun faru ga Dokar Haƙƙin New York a cikin ƙarni na 20 wanda ya samar da Dokar Haƙƙin haƙƙin yau..

 Dokar 'Yancin yanzu 
A yau, ana samun Dokar 'Yancin New York a Mataki na I na Kundin Tsarin Mulki na New York kuma yana da sashe 19. Dokar 'Yancin New York ta haɗa da: haƙƙin shari'ar juriya, 'yancin addini,  haramtacciyar tarar da kuma azabtarwa mai tsanani,  kariya daga Babban yanki,  'yancin magana da manema labarai,  haƙƙin tarawa da korafi,  tabbacin daidaito kariya a ƙarƙashin doka da haramtacciya daga nuna bambanci, [4] da kariya daga bincike da kwace-kwali. Musamman, Dokar 'Yancin New York ta tabbatar da haƙƙin muhalli, wanda ya ba da cewa "[kowane mutum zai sami haƙƙin tsabtace iska da ruwa, da kuma yanayi mai lafiya. "  An kara wannan haƙƙin zuwa Dokar' Yancin jihar ta hanyar kuri'un mutanen New York a ranar 2 ga Nuwamba, 2021. [e] A ranar 5 ga Nuwamba, 2024, masu jefa kuri'a na New York sun amince da gyare-gyaren daidaito na haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙi wanda ya haɗa da LGBT da nakasassu, tare da ikon haihuwa da sakamakon ciki. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida][<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2025)">citation needed</span>]