Jill Ruckelshaus

Jill Elizabeth Ruckelshaus ( née Strickland ; an haife shi a shekara ta 1937) tsohuwar mataimakiyar Fadar White House ce ta musamman kuma shugabar Ofishin Fadar White House na Shirye-shiryen Mata kuma mai fafutukar mata.     Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin kwamishina a Hukumar Haƙƙin Bil Adama ta Amurka a farkon 1980s. Rukuni:Articles with dead external links from March 2023
Rukuni:Articles with permanently dead external links A halin yanzu, ita ce darekta na Kamfanin Kasuwancin Costco . 

An san Ruckelshaus saboda rawar da ta taka a matsayin jagorar mai ba da shawara ta Republican don manufofin mata, kamar Daidaita Haƙƙin Haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin haifuwa da zaɓin haifuwa na mata, a lokacin kololuwar tasirin siyasa ga mace ta biyu a Amurka. Don haka, ana kiranta da " Gloria Steinem ta Jam'iyyar Republican " saboda matsayinta na bayyani kan batutuwan mata.  Matsayinta a cikin motsi, wanda Elizabeth Banks ya nuna, an yi wasan kwaikwayo a cikin Miniseries <i id="mwNQ">Misis America</i>, tare da kashi na shida na jerin a cikin sunanta.

 Sana'ar siyasa 
An haifi Ruckelshaus kuma ya girma a Indianapolis, Indiana .  Ta yi digiri na biyu a Jami'ar Indiana, inda ta sami digiri na farko, da kuma Jami'ar Harvard, inda ta sami digiri na biyu a Turanci.  

Ma'auratan siyasar kasa ta fara ne a shekarar 1968, inda mijin Ruckelshaus, William Ruckelshaus, ya fafata da sanata mai ci Birch Bayh a zaben 'yan majalisar dattawan Amurka na waccan shekarar. A cikin shekara mai zuwa, Shugaba Richard Nixon ya nada shi a matsayin Mataimakin Babban Atoni-Janar na Amurka a sashin kare hakkin jama'a. "From Watergate to Womankind, Bill and Jill Ruckelshaus Fight for Their Ideas". PEOPLE.com. Retrieved July 25, 2020. Tare da wannan alƙawari, ma'auratan sun koma Washington, DC, tare da danginsu.

 Nadin fadar White House 
Bayan zaben shugaban kasa na 1972, Ruckelshaus ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimaki ga Anne Armstrong kuma shugabar Ofishin Shirye-shiryen Mata na Fadar White House. Ta yi murabus a cikin 1974, kasancewar tana cikin ma'aikatan Fadar White House na ɗan lokaci fiye da shekara guda. 

 Taron Mata na Kasa 
Ta halarci taron mata na kasa na 1977 a Houston a matsayin tsohuwar shugabar hukumar da za ta kasance kungiyar shirya taron.  Ko da yake wani ɓangare na kwamitin shirya taron mata na Jihar Washington da kuma ɗan takarar wakilai na ƙasa, ta janye takararta a lokacin taron jihar kafin a fara jefa kuri'a.   Shigarta ta haɗa da manyan wakilai a cikin alƙawarin gamayya daga bukukuwan buɗewa.   Diana Mara Henry ta dauki hotonta a matsayin wani bangare na halartar taron.  

 Kwamishinan kare hakkin jama'a 
A cikin 1980, Shugaba Jimmy Carter ya nada ta a matsayin kwamishina a Hukumar Haƙƙin Bil Adama ta Amurka .  A matsayin dan takarar Republican ta shugaban kasa na Democrat, ta kasance daya daga cikin 'yan tsirarun da suka tsira daga kalubale na farko ga matsayinta,  tare da Shugaba Reagan ya zabi wanda zai maye gurbinsa a 1982.  Wannan nadin ba zai kasance a karshe Majalisa ta amince da shi ba.  A matsayinta na memba na hukumar, ta shiga cikin mafi yawan membobin da ke yawan sukar matsayin gwamnati a kan mata da kungiyoyin tsiraru.   

Za ta rike mukamin har zuwa karshen 1983.  Yayin da ake tsammanin za a tsawaita wa'adinta a hukumar,  an maye gurbin ta a wannan shekarar. A cikin wata hira da aka yi da shi a shekara ta 2005, ta yi zargin cewa hakan ya faru ne saboda matsakaicin ra'ayinta na siyasa.  Lallai, a cikin bayanan Fadar White House na cikin gida, an kwatanta ta a matsayin "ƙaya" ga gwamnati, saboda goyon bayanta da ta shahara a Majalisa da kuma matsayi mai mahimmanci na manufofin gwamnati.  A matsayin wani ɓangare na yarjejeniyar da aka yi don sake fasalin Hukumar Kare Haƙƙin Bil Adama,  membobin sun koma daga amincewar majalisar wakilai na wakilai na shugaban kasa zuwa ma raba wasu nada shugaban kasa hudu da na majalisar wakilai hudu.  Yayin da wasu suka yi tsammanin za a nada Ruckelshaus a matsayin daya daga cikin wadanda aka nada na majalisar wakilai ta Shugaban 'yan tsiraru (sannan 'yar Republican),  ba a gabatar da ita ba don sake tsayawa takara tare da 'yar jam'iyyar Republican Mary Louise Smith .  

 Tsaya ta ƙarshe akan Gyaran Haƙƙin Daidaito 
Ta halarci Babban Taron Jam'iyyar Republican na 1980 a Detroit, wanda ke jagorantar zanga-zangar kusan magoya bayan 4,500 na Kwaskwarimar Haƙƙin Haƙƙin Daidaita don yin gangamin jam'iyyar Republican ta sake jaddada goyon bayanta ga gyara da aka gabatar.  Ko da yake ba ta yi nasara ba wajen kiyaye goyon bayan jam'iyyarta ga ERA, ta kasance cikin rukuni na mata 'yan Republican mata wadanda suka kulla wata yarjejeniya ta sirri daga wanda aka zaba Ronald Reagan don nada mace ta farko zuwa Kotun Koli ta Amurka .  Bayan shekara guda a cikin shugabancinsa, an nada Sandra Day O'Connor don shiga cikin kotu.

 Rayuwa ta sirri 
Ta auri William Ruckelshaus a shekara ta 1962, kuma sun haifi 'ya'ya biyar tare, ciki har da biyu daga auren William na baya.  

 Hoto a cikin shahararrun kafofin watsa labarai 
Ruckelshaus babban hali ne a cikin 2020 FX akan Hulu mini-jerin, Misis America, inda Elizabeth Banks ta nuna ta.  Ana amfani da halinta a matsayin cibiyar tsakiya ga jam'iyyar Republican ta sauya sheka daga jam'iyyar gabaɗaya ta goyan bayan batutuwa kamar amincewa da Daidaita Daidaita Daidaita zuwa matsayi mai mahimmanci na zamantakewar al'umma, wanda ya rinjayi wani bangare na yakin neman zaben Phyllis Schlafly akan ERA da sauran ƙungiyoyin Kirista na Ikklesiyoyin bishara, irin su Moral Majority, wanda ya zama mafi rinjaye na siyasa.  An nuna wannan canji a cikin kashi na shida na jerin, wanda ake kira bayan Ruckelshaus.

 Manazarta 

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