Diana Sacayán

Amancay Diana Sacayán (31 Disamba 1975  - 11 Oktoba 2015) dan LGBT dan kasar Argentina ne kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan Adam wanda ya yi gwagwarmayar kare haƙƙin shari'a na travesti da transgender mutane a Argentina.

Ta kafa kungiyar Anti-Discrimination Movement of Liberation (MAL)  kuma ta kasance wani ɓangare na National Front for the Gender Identity Act a Argentina a lokacin muhawara ta jama'a kan Dokar 26,743 kan Gender Identité.  A watan Yunin 2012, ta zama mutum na farko da ya yi takarar Mai ba da shawara, yana takarar La Matanza Partido .  A ranar 2 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2012, ta zama mace ta farko ta Argentina da ta karbi katin shaidar kasa da ke tabbatar da jinsi. Shugaba Cristina Kirchner ne ya ba ta.

An kashe Sacayán a ranar 11 ga Oktoba 2015.  A ranar 18 ga watan Yunin 2018, Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta 4 ta Buenos Aires ta yanke wa daya daga cikin masu kisan kanta hukunci, inda ta yanke hukunci wanda ya amince, a karo na farko a cikin tsarin shari'ar aikata laifuka na Argentina, kisan wani travesti a matsayin Laifin ƙiyayya da ya shafi asalin jinsi. An yi amfani da tanadi a Mataki na 80, sakin layi na 4 na Dokar Shari'a ta Argentina don cimma shawarar. Koyaya, wannan bangare na mummunan kisan ya soke shi a cikin yanke shawara ta Majalisar Kasuwanci ta Kasa a cikin Batutuwan Laifuka da Gyara a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 2020, kodayake an tabbatar da hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai.

 Tarihin rayuwa 
An haifi Amancay Diana Sacayán a Tucumán a kan 31 Disamba 1975. Kakaninta su ne Diaguita. Sa’ad da take ƙuruciya, danginta sun ƙaura zuwa Gregorio de Laferrère, Buenos Aires. Ta yi rayuwar talauci tare da 'yan uwanta 15.

Sacayán ya fito ne a matsayin travesti yana da shekara goma sha bakwai. Ta sami allurar silicone a cikin ƙirjinta da ƙafarta daga wani ɗan'uwa, hanyar da ba ta ba da shawarar ga wasu ba saboda damuwa game da tsabta. : 7 Sacayán ta yi aiki a matsayin karuwa na tsawon shekaru goma sha biyu  kafin ta shiga cikin gwagwarmaya a shekara ta 2001.  : 7 

Ta yi karatun Ilimi na Jama'a a Jami'ar Madres . 

 Yunkurin fafutuka 

 Kasancewa 
Sacayán ya yi takarar neman mukamin mashawarcin makaranta tare da Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci don zaben da aka gudanar a ranar 24 ga Agusta 2003.  : 4 

Ta yi takara a matsayin Mai ba da shawara na La Matanza Partido a shekarar 2012, ta zama dan takarar farko na irin wannan matsayi. Sacayán ya kasance mai zaman kansa a zaben, ɗaya daga cikin 'yan takara bakwai. An rage filin zuwa 'yan takara uku kafin' yan majalisa 24 su zabe a ranar 7 ga Nuwamba 2012: mai mulki Silvia Caprino, Sacayán, da Omar Frade. Sacayán ta sami kuri'u na biyu mafi girma a zaben, tare da Caprino ta riƙe ofishinta bayan ta sami kuriʼu 17.

 Ƙungiyoyin 
Sacayán ya kirkiro kungiyar Anti-Discrimination Movement of Liberation (MAL), wata kungiya mai zaman kanta, a shekara ta 2001.  Ɗaya daga cikin manyan manufofin kungiyar shine jaddada karfafawa ga mutanen LGBTI ta hanyar saduwa da haƙƙin ɗan adam na asali, daga horar da aiki da shirye-shiryen takaddun shaida  zuwa kafa ofishin kiwon lafiya don bukatun kiwon lafiya na hankali da na Jima'i a cikin al'ummar LGBT a duka Morón  da La Matanza.  Sacayán da MAL sun yi aiki a kai a kai don shawo kan ra'ayin karuwanci kasancewa aiki mai inganci da gaske  maimakon sakamakon kai tsaye na rashin damar aiki.  Ka'idodin hadawa da travesti, transsexual, da transgender mutane daga ƙarshe sun haifar da kirkirar Dokar Gender ta Kasa. Baya ga aikinta tare da MAL, Sacayán ta kuma yi aiki a kan kwamitin kungiyar Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans da Intersex Association ta Duniya.

Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Buenos Aires ta fitar da wata sanarwa, wanda kafofin watsa labarai suka sake bugawa, wanda MAL ya ba da sunan kai tsaye a matsayin mai ba da gudummawa ga zartar da ƙuduri 2359, bisa ga doka 13.175 (daidai da samun damar kiwon lafiya), a ranar 5 ga Yuli 2007 wanda ke buƙatar duk ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya a lardin Buenos Aires sun yi wa marasa lafiya da sunayen da suka fi so. Birnin Santa Fe ya zartar da irin wannan doka, Resolution 1877/09, kamar yadda birnin Buenos Aires ya yi, Dokar 3.062.

MAL da wasu kungiyoyi da yawa sun ba da shawarar cancantar al'ummar trans a Argentina don samun isassun gidaje da tsarin mulki ya ba da tabbacin a 2009. Duk da haƙƙin da aka tanadar a sashe na 14a na Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Ƙasa, an hana masu yin maza da mata da maza da mata da maza da mata su shiga cikin Tsarin Gidajen Tarayya a ƙarƙashin gwamnatin Shugaba Cristina Kirchner. 

Tare da kungiyar Berkins don gwagwarmaya don Travesti da Transsexual Identity (ALITT),  Sacayán ya kuma taimaka wajen kafa hadin gwiwar Silvia Rivera, ƙungiyar da ke mai da hankali kan horar da membobin al'ummar trans don aiki a cikin sabis na abinci da masana'antar abinci.  Sun yi rajista tare da INAES yayin da suke ƙoƙarin kafa gidan cin abinci a La Matanza don horo.[es] Magajin garin Fernando Espinoza ya hana ci gaban hadin gwiwar ta hanyar kin ganawa da shugabannin ta a cikin 2011 game da wurin zahiri. Ta kuma yi aiki tare da Marlene Wayar, wanda ya kafa El Teje - jaridar farko a Latin Amurka - da Sakataren Ayyuka Enrique Deibe don horar da malamai 500 da masu gudanar da ilimi kan bambancin. Shirin ya haifar da mutane 20 na LGBT da suka sami takardar shaidar ilimin su a La Matanza da Morón. Sacayán ta kuma yi aiki tare da Deibe a watan Satumbar 2011  wajen inganta wani taron da ta iya shawo kan kusan masu halarta 200 da bukatar travesti, transsexuals, da transgender mutane don samun damar yin aiki na gargajiya. 

Mummunan harin da aka kai kan Nahuel Albornoz a cikin 2014 a Virrey del Pino, Sacayán - a madadin MAL - da kungiyar Matasa don Diversity (JxD) sun nemi a samar da wani yanki don magance rashin daidaiton da mutanen LGBT ke fuskanta wanda kuma zai ba da damar ilimantar da al'umma kan hakkokinsu da kuma yin aiki tare da rage girman mutuncin kasar Argentina. tatsuniyoyi na kuskure.

Yawancin kungiyoyin kare hakkin jama'a na LGBT sun taru don yin aiki tare da Diana Conti a cikin 2014 a yunƙurin kafa Project 8194 wanda zai buƙaci gwamnati ta biya diyya ga mutanen da hukumomin gwamnati suka kama bisa tushen jima'i ko yanayin.

 Ganuwa 
A ranar 2 ga Yuli, 2012, ta karɓi katin shaidar ɗan ƙasa a matsayin mace da kanta daga tsohuwar shugabar Argentina, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner. 

Sacayán, tare da Berkins, sun taimaka a zanga-zangar a duk faɗin ƙasar a ranar 3 ga Yuni, 2015 suna yanke hukuncin kisa a Argentina. : Yunkurin ya bazu zuwa wasu ƙasashe da yawa a ƙarƙashin sunan Ni una menos .  : 269 

 Kaddamarwa 
An kama Sacayán a lokuta da yawa saboda keta ka'idojin laifi bayan ya fito saboda ba bisa ka'ida ba ne a Buenos Aires a lokacin ya zama travesti. An kama ta a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu 2001, a Don Bosco, kuma an tuhume ta da fashi. An tsare ta tare da fursunoni maza kuma an bar ta ba tare da abinci ko bargo ba har kwana da yawa. Bayan an sake ta, ta bayyana cewa an azabtar da ita kuma ainihin dalilin da ya sa aka kama ta shine kin ba da cin hanci ga 'yan sanda. Karamin sakatare na shari'a na lardin Buenos Aires ya yarda cewa ta ci gaba da tsare Sacayán a Don Bosco saboda kasancewarta 'yar iska, kuma shugaban wannan sashe na gidan yarin ya gabatar da rahoto game da 'zargin' Sacayán. A ranar 19 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2001, an sake kama Sacayán, a wannan lokacin saboda rawar da ta taka a zanga-zangar. : 4, 7 

Ta sadu da Lohana Berkins lokacin da ta yi watanni tara a kurkuku a Florencio Varela .  : 7 Berkins ya ba da taimakon shari'a da kuma tattauna kan Hagu tare da Sacayán .  : 7 Sa’ad da take magana game da lokacin da take tsare a hannun ‘yan sanda a wani edita na 2012, Sacayán ta bayyana sarai yadda wani jami’in ya yi mata dukan tsiya kuma ya bukaci ta yi watsi da kanta.

Lokacin da aka kama ta tare da 'yar'uwarta Johana a ranar 10 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2004,  kungiyar 'yan gurguzu ta mata Bread and Roses [es] ta goyi bayan ayyukanta.  Magoya bayan kungiyoyi da yawa - jimlar akalla mutane 4,000 - sun taru a Plaza de Mayo kuma sun bukaci a saki fursunoni da yawa waɗanda aka tsare su ne kawai saboda dalilai na siyasa. 'Yan sanda sun saki Sacayán daga kurkuku amma sun tsare ta a gidan yari. Dukansu Diana da Johana sun gabatar da korafe-korafe goma sha ɗaya a kan yankin Laferrere na huɗu saboda tsare-tsare ba bisa ka'ida ba; Diana ta ba da shaida a gaban Sakatariyar 'Yancin Dan Adam a Buenos Aires sau uku da Ma'aikatar Shari'a sau ɗaya.

A ranar 9 ga watan Yulin shekara ta 2015, yayin da Sacayán da 'yar gwagwarmayar trans Sonia Pamela Díaz suka jira su shiga Metrobus, wani da ke tafiya ya wuce su ya zagi su kuma ya fara kai musu hari. 'Yan sanda sun amsa ta hanyar kama Sacayán, Díaz, da kuma wani mai fafutuka, Martín Lanfranco;  Sacayán ya bayyana cewa jami'an sun yi amfani da taser a kanta.  An tura Sacayán cikin zirga-zirga a gaban taksi mai zuwa, amma ya sami damar yin birki kuma ya guje wa bugawa. 'Yan sanda sun saki masu fafutuka washegari,  bayan sun tsare su tsakanin sa'o'i tara zuwa goma, wanda ya sa Sacayán ya gabatar da korafi. 

 Mutuwa 
An kashe Sacayán a cikin gidanta a Flores, Buenos Aires tsakanin maraice na 10 ga Oktoba da safiyar 11 ga Oktoba 2015 ta wasu mahara biyu. An daure ta da mari, an daure ta, aka yi mata duka. Daya daga cikin maharan ya buge ta da karfi a fuska har wani bangare na tafin takalminsu ya kwanta a cikin fata a karkashin hancinta. An caka mata wuka har sau 13.
Masu fafutuka sun ci gaba da zanga-zangar a shekara mai zuwa lokacin da shari'ar ta kasance ba a warware ba; Muzaharar farko ta kasa don nuna adawa da kisan kiyashi, wanda ya fara a Plaza de Mayo kuma ya ƙare a ginin Majalisa, ya gudana a ranar 28 ga Yuni 2016.

Ɗaya daga cikin korafe-korafe game da yadda ake gudanar da bincike game da kisan Sacayán shine cewa 'yan sanda sun bi da shi a matsayin kisan mata kawai.  Kungiyar kare hakkin bil adama ta Amnesty International ta mayar da martani game da kisan gillar da aka yi, inda ta bayyana cewa idan Argentina ba ta yi bincike sosai ba tare da gurfanar da wadanda suka aikata laifin ba, wadanda suka kashe Sacayán - da kuma wadanda ke da alhakin kisan Marcela Chocobar da Coty Olmos da suka faru a cikin wata daya kafin mutuwar Sacayán - za su fahimci rashin daukar mataki a matsayin amincewa da kisan gilla.

'Yan sanda sun kama wadanda ake zargi biyu: Gabriel David Marino da Felix R.  Saboda babu isassun shaidun da za a gurfanar da Felix R., masu shigar da kara a cikin shari'ar sun bukaci a gurfanar da Marino a gaban shari'a shi kadai don a kiyaye karar daga rufe 'ba a warware ba'. A ranar 14 ga Fabrairu 2018, Kotun hukunta masu aikata laifuka ta baka 4 ta yanke hukuncin cewa Marino zai ci gaba da kasancewa a gidan yari har zuwa aƙalla 27 ga Yuni 2018 har sai an kammala shari'ar.

An fara shari'ar Marino ne a ranar 12 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2018. A karo na farko a tarihi, Mai Shari'a na Argentina ya yarda cewa kisan ya kasance "laifuka ce ta ƙiyayya game da asalin travesti", wanda aka sani da "travesticide"  ko "transvesticide"  (Spanish: travesticidio; wani nau'i na "travest" da "kisan kai").  An yanke wa Marino hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai a ranar 18 ga Yuni 2018. Masu gwagwarmayar LGBT sun yi bikin hukuncin kuma an dauke su "wani misali na canje-canjen [social] da ke gudana a Argentina. "  INADI ta yi bikin hukuncin a matsayin ci gaba zuwa ga Argentina mai hadawa. 

A ranar 7 ga Fabrairu, 2019, Minista Patricia Bullrich ta ba da tukuicin pesos 500,000 na Argentine ta amfani da ƙuduri 67/2019 don bayanin da ya kai ga kama maharin na biyu. An ƙara adadin zuwa pesos miliyan 2 na Argentine a ranar 12 ga Janairu 2022, bisa ga ƙuduri 36/2022.

A ranar 2 ga Oktoba, 2020, Majalisar Kararraki ta Kasa kan Laifuka da Gyarawa ta tabbatar da hukuncin Marino; duk da haka, sun cire bangaren transvestide, suna bayyana cewa an tsananta tashin hankali bisa jinsin Sacayán. A cikin shawarar da ya yanke, Alkalin Jorge Luis Rimondi ya yi sharhi cewa yankan ƙirjin Sacayán bai nuna niyyar isar da sako game da asalin jinsi ba. Ya kuma ambaci rashin wani rahoto na baya daga Sacayán cewa Marino ya bayyana ra'ayoyin transphobic kuma cewa kisan bai faru a ranar da ta dace ba ga al'ummar LGBT a matsayin dalilin da ya sa za a soke takamaiman fasalin hukuncin. Har ila yau, ya ba da misali da rashin wani rahoto na baya daga Sacayán cewa Marino ya bayyana ra'ayoyi masu ban sha'awa da kuma cewa kisan kai bai faru a wata muhimmiyar rana ga al'ummar LGBT ba a matsayin dalilin soke wani yanki na musamman na hukuncin. Kotun Koli ta amince da wannan shawarar, tare da kuri'un memba mara kyau García-Mansilla . 

 Kyauta 
A ranar 17 ga Satumba 2015, majalisar dokoki ta Buenos Aires ta zartar da Dokar 14783 [es], ko Dokar Quota na Ayyuka na Travesti Transsexual, wanda ya sanya shi abin da ake buƙata cewa za a samar da kashi 1% na ayyukan da ke cikin gwamnati ga ƙwararrun travesti, masu canza jima'i, da masu canza jinsi.  Sacayán ya fara yin lobbying don dokar a cikin 2010,  yana aiki tare da wasu kungiyoyi tare da wakilin Karina Nazábal.  Duk da haka, ba tare da la'akari da yadda aka zartar da shi ba, gwamnatin Buenos Aires ba ta aiwatar da dokar ba.

A ranar 11 ga Yuni 2021, Majalisar Wakilan Argentina ta amince da dokar Diana Sacayán - Lohana Berkins, tare da zartar da kaso 1% a matakin ƙasa. Hakanan ya haɗa da ƙarfafawa ga kamfanoni masu zaman kansu don ɗaukar ma'aikatan travesti, transsexual, da transgender. Ya samu kuri'u 207 ne suka amince da shi, 11 suka ki amincewa, sannan 7 suka ki amincewa. A ranar 24 ga Yuni 2021, Majalisar Dattijai ta Argentina ta zartar da dokar a matsayin doka, tare da Sanatoci 55 da suka amince da matakin, 1 da suka kada kuri'a a kan shi, da kuma 6 da suka guje.

A ranar 2 ga Yulin 2023, Google Doodle ya nuna Sacayán .  A ranar 11 ga Oktoba 2023, Casa Rosada, wurin aiki na hukuma na Shugaban Argentina, ya rataye hoto mai girma na Sacayán da ɗaya daga cikin Claudia Pía Baudracco a cikin ɗakin mata da masu adawa. A ranar 8 ga Maris 2024 - Ranar Mata ta Duniya - Shugaba Javier Milei ya canza sunan dakin zuwa "Hall of Heroes" kuma ya cire duk hotunan mata masu gwagwarmaya da ke rataye a bangon, tare da mai magana da yawun yana jayayya ga Milei cewa samun dakin da ke murna da mata yana nuna bambanci ga maza.

Wani shirin gaskiya mai suna "Fue travestidio" ya sami kyaututtuka da yawa, gami da kyautar Aiki a Ci gaba don bikin 36th de la Mujer y El Cine a 2024. 

 Rubuce-rubuce 
Sacayán ya yi rubutu akai-akai don mujallar El Teje kuma shine editan kari na "I Am" na Página 12. 

 Ayyukan sunan kansa (2006),  
 Cumbia, gasa da hawaye (2008),  
 Blog na Movimiento Antidiscriminatorio de Liberación (M. A. L.) 

 Bayanan da aka ambata 

Rukuni:Matattun 2015
Rukuni:Haihuwan 1975
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba