Umarnin Budurwa Maryama Mai Albarka

The Royal, Celestial and Military Order of Our Lady of Mercy and the Reemption of the Captives (Latin: Ordo Beatae Mariae de Mercede Redemptionis Captivorum, a takaice O. de M.), kuma aka sani da Mercedarians, wani Katolika na mendicant oda da aka kafa a 1218 da Peter Nolasco a cikin birnin "AICA: Fray Juan Carlos Saavedra Lucho es el nuevo maestro general de los mercedarios" Barcelona, ​​Principality babban birnin kasar Crown, a wancan lokacin, babban birnin kasar Crown. domin fansar fursunonin Kirista  Mary's Praise on Every Tongue: A Record of Homage Paid to Our Blessed Lady by Chandlery Peter Membobinta an fi saninsu da friars Mercedrian ko nuns. Ɗaya daga cikin alamomin da aka ba da umarni na Maryamu Mai Girma Mai Albarka shine cewa, tun lokacin da aka kafa shi, ana buƙatar membobinta su ɗauki alkawari na huɗu: su mutu, idan ya cancanta, ga wani wanda ke cikin hadarin rasa bangaskiya. Oda yana wanzu a yau a cikin ƙasashe 17.

Gabaɗaya baya

Halin odar Mercedrian.
Tsakanin karni na takwas zuwa na sha biyar, Turai ta tsakiya ta kasance cikin wani yanayi na yaƙe-yaƙe tsakanin masarautun Kirista na kudancin Turai da kuma siyasar musulmi na Arewacin Afirka, Kudancin Faransa, Sicily da Moorish na Spain. A cewar James W. Brodman, barazanar kama, ko ta ‘yan fashin teku ko mahara a bakin teku, ko kuma a lokacin daya daga cikin yake-yaken da ake yi a yankin, ci gaba da zama barazana ga mazauna Catalonia, Languedoc da sauran lardunan gabar tekun na Turai na Kiristanci na zamanin daBrodman, James William, Ransoming Captives in Crusader Spain:The Order of Merced on the Christian-Islamic Frontier Hare-haren da mayakan sa kai, da makada da runduna daga bangarorin biyu suka yi kusan kusan shekara ne.Ibn Khaldun, Histoire des Berbères et des dynasties musulmanes de l'Afrique septentrionale, ed. Paul Casanova and Henri Pérès, trans. William MacGuckin, baron de Slane (Paris, 1925-56), 3: 116

Fiye da shekaru 600, waɗannan rigingimun da aka saba yi da makami sun haifar da fursunonin yaƙi da yawa daga ɓangarorin biyu. An mayar da fursunonin da Musulunci ya yi garkuwa da su zuwa matsayin bayi tunda an dauke su ganima. A cikin ƙasashen Visigothic Spain, al'ummomin Kirista da na Musulmi sun saba da saye da sayar da fursunoni, ta yadda 'yan kasuwa Andalusian na ƙarni na goma suka kafa ayari don siyan bayi a Gabashin Turai. A karni na goma sha uku, ban da kayan yaji, bayi sun zama daya daga cikin kayayyakin da ake samu na ci gaban kasuwanci tsakanin tashoshin ruwa na Kirista da na Musulmi"Home"
An fara kafin yaƙin Crusade na farko, yawancin asibitoci da asibitoci an shirya su ta surori na manyan coci ko kuma ta umarnin sufi. A cikin ƙungiyoyin jama'a na garuruwa, cibiyoyin agaji na gida irin su gidajen sadaka an kafa su ta hanyar ƙungiyoyi ko ƙungiyoyi, ko kuma na daidaikun mutane masu nasara.George M. Foster, “Cofradia and Compadrazgo in Spain and Spanish America,” Southwestern Journal of Anthropology, Vol 9 No. 1 (Spring 1953),
Brodman, James William, Ransoming Captives in Crusader Spain:The Order of Merced on the Christian-Islamic Frontier
Cibiyoyin bayar da agaji masu fa'ida da na 'yan aristocratically sun fi fice, kuma abubuwan da suka faru na fansa na sarki da ma na sarauta da yanayinsa, sun kasance batun tarihin tarihi da soyayya. Felix na Valois da John na Matha ne suka kafa Order of the Most Holy Trinity and of the Captives a Faransa a shekara ta 1198 da Felix na Valois da John na Matha suka kafa don fansar Kiristocin da aka kama. Moeller, Charles. "Order of Trinitarians." The Catholic Encyclopedia

Bitrus Nolasco (1189-1256)
Peter Nolasco
Tushen tushen asalin Mercedrians ba su da yawa kuma kusan ba a san wanda ya kafa, Peter Nolasco ba. Masana tarihin rayuwa sun yarda cewa, a wani lokaci a cikin ƙuruciyarsa, Nolasco ya damu da halin da Kiristocin da aka kama a hare-haren Moorish kuma ya yanke shawarar kafa tsarin addini don tallafa wa waɗannan marasa tausayi Brodman, James William, Ransoming Captives in Crusader Spain:The Order of Merced on the Christian-Islamic Frontier Nolasco ya soma fansar Kiristoci da aka kama a shekara ta 1203. Bayan shekaru goma sha biyar suna aiki, shi da abokansa sun ga cewa adadin waɗanda ake kama yana ƙaruwa kowace rana. Shirinsa shi ne ya kafa tsarin addini mai tsayuwa da tsayayyen tsari na fansa a karkashin jagorancin Maryamu mai albarka[Allaria, Anthony. "St. Peter Nolasco." The Catholic Encyclopedia

Tushen oda
Order of the Holy Virgin Mary of Mercy (ko Order of Merced, O.Merc., Mercedrians, Order of Captives, ko Order of Our Lady of Ransom) yana ɗaya daga cikin ɗimbin ƙungiyoyi da suka taso a Turai a cikin ƙarni na 12 da 13 a matsayin cibiyoyin ayyukan agaji. Aikin da Mercedariyawa suka yi shi ne na fansa matalautan kiristoci (bayi) da ake tsare da su a hannun musulmi, musamman a kan iyakar da Kambin Aragon ya yi tarayya da al-Andalus (Mus).
Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Mercedarian". Encyclopedia Britannica "CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Mercedarians" Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Mercedarian". Encyclopedia Britannica, 1 September. 2010
Peter Nolasco
Tushen tushen asalin Mercedrians ba su da yawa kuma kusan ba a san wanda ya kafa, Peter Nolasco ba. Masana tarihin rayuwa sun yarda cewa, a wani lokaci a cikin ƙuruciyarsa, Nolasco ya damu da halin da Kiristocin da aka kama a hare-haren Moorish kuma ya yanke shawarar kafa tsarin addini don tallafa wa waɗannan marasa tausayi.Allaria, Anthony. "St. Peter Nolasco." The Catholic Encyclopedia Nolasco ya soma fansar Kiristoci da aka kama a shekara ta 1203. Bayan shekaru goma sha biyar suna aiki, shi da abokansa sun ga cewa adadin waɗanda ake kama yana ƙaruwa kowace rana. Shirinsa shi ne ya kafa tsarin addini mai tsayuwa da tsayayyen tsari na fansa a karkashin jagorancin Maryamu mai albarkaAllaria, Anthony. "St. Peter Nolasco." The Catholic Encyclopedia
the original,
Brodman, James William, Ransoming Captives in Crusader Spain:The Order of Merced on the Christian-Islamic Frontier
The Order of Mercy, farkon karni na 13 sanannen motsi na ibada na sirri wanda Nolasco ya shirya a farko, ya damu da fansar talakawan maza waɗanda ba su da hanyar yin shawarwarin fansa na kansu, "masu talaucin Kristi"
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Gyara
Babban labarin: An kori Mercedarians
A cikin karni na 15, wani motsi ya tashi a cikin gidajen ibada na Order yana neman salon rayuwa mai tsauri, yana kiyaye mafi daidai Dokar St. Augustine wanda 'yan friars ke rayuwa. Wannan ya bazu kuma ya sami amincewa daga Babban Jagoran Dokar. Sakamakon Counter-Reformation, wanda Majalisar Trent (1545-1563) ta ƙarfafa shi, Friar John Baptist na Sacrament mai albarka ya sake farfado da wannan burin kuma ya ƙara haɓaka shi (Spanish: Juan Bautista del Santísimo Sacramento).Rubino, A. (1978). Dizionario degli Istituti di Perfezione (in Italian). Vol. V. Milan: Edizioni Paoline. pp. 1228–1232.
Order of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mercy. Retrieved 21 December 2016
An ƙyale ƴan ƙaramar al’umman ’yan fir’auna su buɗe nasu gidan sufi a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Friar John Baptist a shekara ta 1603. Suna ɗaukar salon rayuwa mafi sauƙi da kuma ɗabi’ar addininsu da kuma sanye da takalma kawai, an san su da sunan Mercedarian Recollects, daga baya a matsayin Discalced Mercedarians. Paparoma Gregory XV ya amince da su a matsayin reshe na oda mai cin gashin kansa a shekara ta 1621 "Fray Juan Bautista del Santísimo Sacramento" ƙarshe sun rabu kuma suka zama cikakken oda mai zaman kansa.
"CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Mercedarians"

Alkawari na hudu

Wannan sashe yana buƙatar ƙarin bayani don tabbatarwa. Da fatan za a taimaka inganta wannan labarin ta ƙara ambato zuwa amintattun tushe a wannan sashe. Ana iya ƙalubalanci abubuwan da ba a samo su ba kuma a cire su. (Yuni 2021) (Koyi yadda da lokacin cire wannan saƙon)"Feast of Our Lady of Ransom - Encyclopedia Volume - Catholic Encyclopedia"
Wasu umarni da ikilisiyoyin suna ƙara wasu alkawura na musamman, ban da alkawuran addini guda uku. Waɗannan ƙarin alkawuran wani ɓangare ne na yanayin sana'ar kowane tsari kuma Ikklisiya ta ba da izini. Zasu iya zama mai ƙarfi ko mai sauƙi, na dindindin ko na ɗan lokaci. Alkawari na Hudu na Umarnin Jinkai Alkawali ne Mai Girma. A bisa ka’idar alwashi na gaba daya, aiki ne na irada da kuma tabbataccen alkawari, wanda a cikinsa ne dalilin cika alkawari. Haka nan kuma yana yin la'akari da son rai na gaskiya a cikin lamiri da nagartar al'umma.
Albarka"Order of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mercy (Mercedarians)", Institute on Religious Life

Esclaramunda na Foix (c. 1250 - c. 1315), Consort Sarauniya na Majorca kuma mai kare oda, bayyana Albarka ta hanyar mashahuriyar yabo.
María Ana Navarro de Guevara Romero (Mariana na Yesu) (Janairu 17, 1565 - Afrilu 17, 1624), babbar jami'a, wadda aka doke ta a ranar 25 ga Mayu, 1783
Juan Nepomuceno Zegrí Moreno (Oktoba 11, 1831 - Maris 17, 1905), wanda ya assasa 'yan'uwa Sisters of Charity, wanda aka doke shi a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba, 2003.
María Pilar López de Maturana Ortiz de Zárate (Margarita María) (25 ga Yuli, 1884 - Yuli 23, 1934), wanda ya kafa Mishan na Mercedrian na Bérriz, wanda aka doke shi a ranar 22 ga Oktoba, 2006
Mariano Alcalá Pérez da Sahabbai 18 (ya mutu tsakanin Yuli da Nuwamba 1936), Shahidai na Yakin Basasa na Spain daga Aragon, wanda aka doke shi a ranar 13 ga Oktoba, 2013.""Feast of Our Lady of Ransom", The Mary Page, University of Dayton"

Masu daraja

Pedro de Urraca García na Triniti Mai Tsarki (c. 1583 - Agusta 7, 1657), firist, ya bayyana Venerable a ranar 31 ga Janairu, 1981."1657"
Andrés Garrido Perales (Nuwamba 29, 1663 - Fabrairu 23, 1728), firist, ya bayyana Venerable a kan Disamba 13, 2021."1728". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-09.
José León Torres (Afrilu 15, 1849 - Disamba 15, 1930), wanda ya kafa ƴan'uwa mata na Mercedrian Tertiary Sisters of the Child Jesus, ya bayyana Venerable a ranar 26 ga Maris, 1994.1930". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-09.
María del Refugio Aguilar Torres de Cancino (21 Satumba 1866 - 24 Afrilu 1937), gwauruwa kuma wanda ya kafa 'yan uwan ​​Marcedarian Sisters na Sacrament mai albarka, ya bayyana Girmama akan 16 Yuli 2015. ,newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-09.
Regina Lete Landa (Isabel de Jesus) (7 Satumba 1913 - 13 Oktoba 1941), mai da'awar mata na Mercedrian Sisters of Charity, ta bayyana Venerable a kan 26 Yuni 2006. . newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 

Bayin Allah

Juan Gilabert Jofré (24 ga Yuni 1350 – 18 ga Mayu 1402), firist, ya ayyana Bawan Allah a ranar 21 ga Agusta 1995.
Juan González Alcázar (Juan Bautista na Sacrament Mai Albarka) (Yuli 1554 - 5 Oktoba 1616), wanda ya kafa Mercedrians Discalcados,newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-09.
Gonçalo Días na Amarante (c. 1540 - Janairu 27, 1618), firist1618". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-09. "Feast of Our Lady of Ransom - Encyclopedia Volume - Catholic Encyclopedia"
Antonio na Saint Peter (c. 1570 - Yuli 30, 1622), firisnewsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-09.
Francisco de Jesús Bolaños Rosero (Oktoba 4, 1701 - Disamba 14, 1785), firist, bawan da aka bayyana.
""Feast of Our Lady of Ransom", The Mary Page, University of Dayton"
Francisco de Jesús Bolaños Rosero (Oktoba 4, 1701 - Disamba 14, 1785), firist, ya ayyana Bawan Allah a ranar 11 ga Oktoba, 1991.1785". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-09.
Luisa de la Torre Rojas (21 ga Yuni, 1819 - Nuwamba 21, 1869), babbar jami'a ta Peruvian". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 
Antonino Pisano (Maris 19, 1907 - Agusta 6, 1927), liman.Spanish Civil War (67)". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-09.
Manuel Cereijo Muiños da Sahabbai 16 (ya mutu tsakanin Yuli 1936 da Yuli 1938), Shahidai na Yaƙin Bassa na Spain na Castile.,,newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-09.
Inocencio López Santamaria (Disamba 28, 1874 - Maris 9, 1958), Bishop na San Raymond Nonato, ya ayyana Bawan Allah a kan 2016newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-09.
Maria do Carmo [Carmita] Bartolomeu Simões (6 Maris 1959 - 3 Fabrairu 1982), Mataimakiyar Angolan Sisters of Charity kuma shahidi1982". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-09.

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