Duwatsun Gegham

Dutsen Gegham (ko Gegham Ridge ; Armenian     ) manyan tsaunuka ne a Armeniya . Wannan kewayon wani yanki ne mai nau'in teburi na Tekun Sevan daga gabas, malalar kogunan Araks da Hrazdan daga arewa da yamma, kogin Azat da Vedi daga kudu maso yamma da kogin Arpachai daga kudu. Matsakaicin tsayin tudun Gegham yana kusa da 2500m. Wurin ya samo asali ne daga dutsen mai aman wuta wanda ya hada da manyan tsaunuka da batattu . Tsawon shine 70 Tsawon kilomita 48 nisa kilomita, da shimfiɗa tsakanin tafkin Sevan da filin Ararat . Mafi girman kololuwar tsaunukan Gegham shine Azhdahak, a 3597m. An kafa su ta wani filin dutse mai aman wuta, wanda ya ƙunshi Pleistocene -zuwa Holocene lava domes da cinder cones. Dutsen ya kai tsayin 1800-2000m har zuwa 3000m a cikin rabe mai rarraba. 

 Tarihin Geological 
Volcanism a Armeniya da a cikin tsaunukan Gegham yana da alaƙa da matakan rigar da ke rakiyar, amma ba lallai ba ne yana da alaƙa da karon Plate ɗin Larabawa tare da farantin Eurasian . Ba kamar sauran sassan yankin Caucasus ba, tsaunin Gegham sun haifar da ƙananan ƙananan tsaunuka. Kaputan Formation (ciki har da Mt. Atis da Gtsain Ridge) daga Late Miocene an yi kwanan wata a 5.7-4.6 Ma ta K-Ar kuma shine jerin mafi tsufa a yankin. Ayyukan Late Pliocene sun haɗa da lavas basaltic daban-daban (ciki har da Lchain Volcano) kuma daga baya, a lokacin Quaternary, rhyolite da obsidian daga cibiyar Kotayk (Gutansar da Atis 700 ka, sa'an nan kuma hade fissure volcanoes 550-480 ka). Ayyukan volcanic ya kai kusan 200 ka, lokacin da yawancin cibiyoyin Gegham suka samo asali daga trachyandesitic lavas. Aknotsasar da Sevkatar sun yi aiki kasa da 100ka da suka wuce.   Mafi girman matsayi shine dutsen mai aman wuta Azhdahak, tsayi - 3597.3m sama da matakin teku, a yammacin yankin. Akwai tafki a cikin ramin dutsen mai aman wuta Azhdahak wanda ke samuwa daga dusar ƙanƙara mai narkewa.

Dutsen mai aman wuta Spitaksar (3560 m) da Geghasar (3446 m), tsohon ya fashe a 120ka da suka wuce da na 80-40ka na baya, sune tushen obsidian a Armenia. 

 Ilimin halittu 
Dabbobin Tsuntsaye na tsaunukan Gegham sun haɗa da kusan nau'ikan 250, 70% na duk avifauna na Armenia.

Gandun kudu maso gabas na tsaunukan Gegham sun ƙunshi dajin Khosrov, wanda aka dasa a cikin karni na 4 ta Khosrov I kuma ya koma wurin shakatawa a cikin 1958. 

Duwatsun Gegham ɗaya ne daga cikin manyan wuraren zama na vavilovia ( Lathyrus formosus ) a kusa da Dutsen Sevsar.  Wani nau'in Poa greuteri yana da yawa a yankin. 

 sassaƙaƙen dutse 
An sami adadi mai yawa na petroglyphs - sassaƙaƙen dutse a yankin tsaunin Gegham. Yawancin hotuna suna nuna mazaje a fage na farauta da faɗa, da kuma jikin taurari da abubuwan mamaki: Rana, Wata, taurari, taurarin sama, walƙiya, da sauransu.  tsuntsaye sun jawo sha'awar ilimin kimiya na kayan tarihi. 

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