Rashin iskar gas

Gas na Greenhouse ( GHG ) da ke fitowa daga ayyukan ɗan adam yana ƙarfafa tasirin greenhouse . Wannan yana ba da gudummawa ga sauyin yanayi . Carbon dioxide ( CO  ), daga kona burbushin mai kamar kwal, mai, da iskar gas, shine babban dalilin sauyin yanayi. Mafi girman hayakin da ake fitarwa duk shekara daga China ne sai Amurka. Amurka tana da yawan hayaki mai yawa ga kowane mutum . Manyan masu samar da hayaki a duniya manyan kamfanonin mai da iskar gas ne. Fitowa daga ayyukan ɗan adam ya ƙaru da iskar carbon dioxide da kusan 50% sama da matakan masana'antu kafin masana'antu. Matakan haɓakar hayaƙin sun bambanta, amma sun yi daidai da duk iskar gas . Fitowar hayaki a cikin 2010 ya kai tan biliyan 56 a shekara, fiye da kowace shekara goma da suka gabata.  Jimlar abubuwan da aka tattara daga 1870 zuwa 2022 sune 703  (2575 ), wanda 484 ± 20  (1773 ± 73  ) daga burbushin mai da masana'antu, da 219 ± 60  (802 ± 220 canjin ƙasa ) Canjin amfani da ƙasa, kamar sare dazuzzuka, ya haifar da kusan kashi 31% na yawan hayaƙi sama da 1870-2022, kwal 32%, mai 24%, gas 10%.  

Carbon dioxide shine babban iskar gas da ke haifar da ayyukan ɗan adam. Yana lissafin fiye da rabin dumama. Methane (CH 4 ) hayaki yana da kusan tasiri iri ɗaya na ɗan gajeren lokaci.  Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) da iskar gas (F-gases) suna taka rawa wajen kwatantawa. Fitar da carbon dioxide, methane da nitrous oxide a cikin 2023 duk sun fi kowane lokaci girma. 

Samar da wutar lantarki, zafi da sufuri sune manyan masu fitarwa; gabaɗaya makamashi yana da alhakin kusan kashi 73% na hayaki. Kashe daji da sauran canje-canje a cikin amfani da ƙasa suma suna fitar da carbon dioxide da methane. Babban tushen fitar da iskar methane na ɗan adam shine noma, wanda ke biye da iskar gas da fitar da iske daga masana'antar burbushin burbushin halittu. Babban tushen methane na aikin gona shine dabbobi. Ƙasa ta noma tana fitar da nitrous oxide wani bangare saboda taki. Hakazalika, iskar gas mai guba daga firiji tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin jimlar hayaki na mutum.

Matsakaicin fitar da  na yanzu wanda ke da matsakaicin tan 6.6 ga kowane mutum a kowace shekara,  ya fi sau biyu da ƙididdigar tan 2.3   da ake buƙata don zama a cikin Yarjejeniyar Paris ta 2030 karuwa na 1.5 ° C (2.7 ° F) a kan matakan da suka gabata. Rashin fitarwa na shekara-shekara a cikin ƙasashe masu masana'antu yawanci sau goma ne na matsakaici a ƙasashe masu tasowa.  

Sawun carbon (ko sawun iskar gas) yana aiki ne a matsayin mai nuna alama don kwatanta adadin iskar gas da aka fitar a duk rayuwar rayuwa daga samar da abu ko sabis tare da sarkar samarwa zuwa amfani na ƙarshe. Lissafin carbon (ko lissafin iskar gas) tsari ne na hanyoyin da za a auna da kuma bin diddigin yawan iskar gas da kungiyar ke fitarwa.

 Muhimmancin tasirin greenhouse da dumamar yanayi 
 Bayani game da manyan tushe 

 Gas mai amfani da shi 
Babban tushen anthropogenic (tushen ɗan adam) tushen iskar gas shine carbon dioxide ( CO  ), nitrous oxide ( N2 O ), methane da ƙungiyoyi uku na iskar gas ( sulfur hexafluoride ( SF6 ), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) da perfluorocarbons (PFCs, sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ), da nitrogen trifluoride (NF 3 )).  Ko da yake tururin ruwa yana haifar da tasirin greenhouse sosai,  fitar da tururin ruwa ba shi da muhimmiyar gudummawa ga dumamar yanayi.

Kodayake CFCs iskar gas ne, ana sarrafa su ta hanyar Yarjejeniyar Montreal wanda aka motsa shi ta hanyar gudummawar CFCs ga raguwar ozone maimakon ta hanyar guddina ga dumamar duniya. Rashin iskar oxygen yana da ƙaramin rawa ne kawai a cikin dumama ɗaki, kodayake matakai biyu a wasu lokuta suna rikicewa a cikin kafofin watsa labarai. A cikin 2016, masu tattaunawa daga kasashe sama da 170 da suka hadu a taron koli na Shirin Muhalli na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya sun cimma yarjejeniya mai bin doka don kawar da hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) a cikin Kwaskwarimar Kigali ga Yarjejeniyar Montreal .   Amfani da CFC-12 (sai dai wasu muhimman amfani) an cire shi saboda abubuwan da ke lalata ozone. Za a kammala fitar da ƙananan HCFC-compounds a cikin 2030.

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