Dokar cin gashin kanta ta Hong Kong

Dokar 'yancin cin gashin kai ta Hong Kong wata doka ce da majalisar dokokin Amurka ta zartar bayan zartar da dokar a watan Yunin 2020 da zaunannen kwamitin majalisar wakilan jama'ar kasar Sin na majalisar dokokin Hong Kong ya kafa .

Shugaban Amurka Donald Trump ya rattaba hannu kan dokar a ranar 14 ga Yuli, 2020,  kuma ta sanya takunkumi kan jami'ai da hukumomi a Hong Kong da kuma cikin babban yankin kasar Sin wadanda ake ganin sun taimaka wajen keta 'yancin cin gashin kai na Hong Kong, tare da hukunta cibiyoyin hada-hadar kudi da ke yin kasuwanci da su. 

A rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar, Trump ya kuma rattaba hannu kan dokar zartarwa mai lamba 13936 don "taba wa kasar Sin alhakin ta'addancin da ta yi kan mutanen Hong Kong". Trump ya kuma soke matsayi na musamman na yankin, yana mai cewa "Babu wata dama ta musamman [ga Hong Kong], babu magani na musamman na tattalin arziki da kuma fitar da fasahohi masu mahimmanci".  Har ila yau, ya toshe duk wata mu'amala a cikin kadarorin Amurka da duk wanda ya kuduri aniyar zama alhakinsa ko hada baki a cikin "ayyuka ko manufofin da ke lalata tsarin dimokiradiyya ko cibiyoyi a Hong Kong", kuma ya umurci jami'ai da su " soke kebantattun lasisi don fitarwa zuwa Hong Kong," kuma ya hada da soke kulawa ta musamman ga masu rike da fasfo na Hong Kong.  Da yake ambaton dokar, a ranar 11 ga Agusta 2020, kwastam na Amurka ya sanar da cewa bayan 25 ga Satumbar kayayyakin da aka shigo da su cikin Amurka ba za su iya amfani da lakabin "Made In Hong Kong" ba kuma za a yi wa lakabin "Made In China". 

 Fage 
A shekara ta 2019 an yi zanga-zangar neman dimokradiyya a Hong Kong a matsayin mayar da martani ga kudirin fitar da kasar waje, wanda zai baiwa kasar Sin damar yin tsauraran matakai kan tsarin shari'a na birnin.   A cikin watan Yunin 2020, Beijing ta zarce majalisar dokokin Hong Kong don kafa wata babbar doka ta tsaron kasa wacce ta haramta ballewa, rugujewa, ta'addanci, da hada baki da sojojin kasashen waje.  Dokar ta wargaza sauran 'yancin siyasa da 'yancin shari'a na Hong Kong.  

 Hanyar wucewa 
Dan majalisar dattijai Chris Van Hollen ( D   da dan jam'iyyar Republican Pat Toomey ( R   ) ne suka dauki nauyin kudirin. Majalisar wakilai da ta dattawa ta amince da shi ta hanyar amincewa baki daya . 

 Amsar Sinawa 
Washegarin rattaba hannun, China ta yi alkawarin ramuwar gayya idan Amurka ta aiwatar da dokar. Ma'aikatar harkokin wajen kasar Sin ta bayyana dokar a matsayin "kuskure", ta ce hakan ya kai ga "katsalandan ga harkokin cikin gidan kasar Sin" kuma Amurka tana keta dokokin kasa da kasa da ka'idojin huldar kasa da kasa. 

A ranar 30 ga Oktoba, 2020, gwamnatin Hong Kong ta gabatar da wata takaddama ga kungiyar ciniki ta duniya game da bukatu na "Made In China", inda ta bayyana cewa bukatar ta sabawa ka'idojin WTO, saboda Hong Kong da China mambobi ne daban-daban na WTO.   A ranar 21 ga Disamba, 2022, WTO ta yanke hukuncin goyon bayan Hong Kong da kuma Amurka.  A ranar 26 ga Janairu 2023, Amurka ta daukaka kara kan hukuncin WTO.

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba