Tafiyar Usama bin Zayd

Tafiyar Usama bin Zayd ya kasance balaguron dakarun soja ne na farkon Khalifa Musulmi wanda Usama ibn Zayd ya jagoranta wanda ya faru a watan Yunin shekara ta dari shida da talatin da biyu 632, inda sojojin Musulmi suka mamaye Siriya ta Byzantine .  Jirgin ya zo shekaru uku bayan yakin Mu'tah .

Bayan Hajji na Farewell, Annabi Muhammad S.A.W  ya nada Usama ibn Zayd a matsayin kwamandan rundunar balaguro wacce za ta mamaye yankin Balqa a Daular Byzantine. Muhammad ya aika Usama zuwa Siriya don rama shahidai Musulmai na Yaƙin Mu'tah, inda aka kashe mahaifin Usama da ɗan Muhammad, Zayd ibn Harithah.

Usama ya ci gagarumin nasara a wannan yaki kuma dakarun sojojinsa sune sojojin Musulmai na farko da suka samu nasarar mamayewa da kuma kai hari kan yankin Byzantine, don haka ya shirya hanya don Cin nasarar Musulmi a Levant da cin Nasarar Musulmi a Masar, dukansu biyu sun faru ne a lokacin rayuwar Usama.

 Tarihi 
An yi yakin Mu'tah a watan Satumba na shekara ta dari shida da ashirin da tara 629 kusa da ƙauyen Mu'tah, gabashin Kogin Urdun da Karak, tsakanin dakarun sojojin Musulumci da sojojin Daular Byzantine da magoya bayan Larabawa na Ghassanid. A cikin tarihin Musulunci, ana yawan bayyana yakin a matsayin yunkurin Musulmai na ɗaukar fansa a kan Ghassanids bayan wani jami'in Ghassanid ya kashe wakilin Muhammadu wanda ke kan hanyar zuwa Bosra.  A lokacin yakin an kori sojojin musulmi.   Bayan an kashe shugabannin Musulmai uku (ciki har da mahaifin Usama, Zayd ibn Harithah), an ba da umarni ga Khalid ibn al-Walid kuma ya yi nasarar ceton sauran sojojin. Sojojin Musulmai da suka tsira sun koma Madina.

Bayan Hajji na Farewell a cikin shekara ta dari shida da talatin da biyu 632, Annabi Muhammad S.A.W ya nada Usama ibn Zayd a matsayin kwamandan rundunar balaguro wacce za ta mamaye yankin Balqa a Daular Byzantine. Manufar wannan balaguron ita ce rama asarar Musulmai a yakin Mu'tah, inda aka kashe mahaifin Usama da ɗan Muhammad, Zayd ibn Harithah. Usama ya tara dakarun sojoji kimanin 3000, daga cikin dakarun, 1000 sojoji ne na sojan doki, kuma Abu Bakr ya yi niyyar shiga Usama a yakin. Usama ya kuma aika da 'yan leƙen asirin a gabansa, daga inda ya koyi cewa abokan gaba har yanzu ba su san yadda sojojinsa ke gabatowa ba.

Koyaya, saboda mutuwar Muhammadu a ranar 8 ga Yuni, an jinkirta kamfen ɗin kuma an zabi Abu Bakr a matsayin KHalifa a Madina.  Tare da mutuwar Muhammadu, wasu shugabannin Musulmai da 'yan ƙasa sun yi tsayayya da zuwa ƙarƙashin umurnin Usama saboda sun yi tunanin cewa wanda ke da shekaru 20 a lokacin yana da karancin shekaru sosai don ya jagoranci dakarun sojoji.  Annabi Muhammad S.A.W ya ba Musulmai umarni cewa su bi jagorancin Usama. An kuma ambaci wannan lamarin a cikin Sahih al-Bukhari . Wasu Abokan annabi sun yi ƙoƙari su shawo kan Abu Bakr, wanda ya gaji Muhammadu a matsayin shugaban al'ummar Islama, don maye gurbin Usama a matsayin kwamandan sojojin tare da Umar Ibn Al-Khattab, saboda matashiyar Usama. 

Abubakar yana ƙarƙashin matsin lamba game da wannan balaguron saboda karuwar tawaye da ridda a duk faɗin Arabiya, amma ya ƙuduri aniyar. ya sake tabbatar da shawarar Muhammadu kuma ya aika da balaguron a karkashin jagorancin Usama.

 Tafiyar 
A cewar Al-Tabari, kafin Usama ya fita ya kai hari ga mazaunan Siriya, Abu Bakr ya umarci Usama ya bi dokoki goma na yaki. An kuma ambaci al'adar dokoki goma na Abu Bakr a cikin tarin Sunni Hadisi na Al-Muwatta . :   [Lura 1]Aboul-Enein, H. Yousuf and Zuhur, Sherifa, Islamic Rulings on Warfare, p. 22, Strategic Studies Institute, US Army War College, Diane Publishing Co., Darby PA, [Notes 1]

Tabari ya bayyana cewa tafiyar ya yi nasara, kuma Usama ya isa kasar Siriya kuma ya zama rundunar musulmi ta farko da ta samu nasarar kai hari kan yankin Byzantine, don haka ya shirya hanya ga nasarar musulmi na Siriya da Masar daga Daular Byzantine. [Lura 2][Notes 2]

Wannan tafiyar ya zama sananne kuma shahararre a tarihin Islama saboda yadda aka nada Usama mai shekaru goma sha takwas a matsayin kwamandan gaba ɗaya, manyan tsoffin sojoji da manyan Shabban Annabi Muhammadu kamar su Umar, Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas, Sa'id ibn Zayd, Abu Ubayda ibn al-Jarrah, da Qatada ibn al-Nu'man. [Lura 3][Notes 3]

 Fadada bincike 

 Jerin tafiye-tafiye na Muhammadu
 Cin nasarar Musulmi a Levant
 Yaƙe-yaƙe na Ridda
 Ghazwa
 Shari'ar Sojojin Musulunci
 Zayd ibn Haritha

 Manazarta 

 Bayani 


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