Ayyukan Rarraba da suka dace a cikin ƙasa

Ayyukan rage yawan iskar ƙasa (NAMA) suna nufin wasu manufofi da ayyukan da ƙasashe ke yi a matsayin wani ɓangare na jajircewa don rage hayakin gas. Kalmar ta fahimci cewa kasashe daban-daban na iya ɗaukar matakai daban-daban masu dacewa na ƙasa bisa ga daidaito kuma bisa ga alhakin da aka saba da shi amma ya bambanta da kuma iyawa. Har ila yau, yana jaddada taimakon kuɗi daga ƙasashe masu tasowa zuwa ƙasashe masu ci gaba don rage hayaki.

An fara amfani da NAMA a cikin Shirin Ayyuka na Bali a matsayin wani ɓangare na Taswirar Hanyar Bali da aka amince da ita a Taron Canjin Yanayi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Bali a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2007, kuma ta zama wani ɓangare na Yarjejeniyar Copenhagen da aka bayar bayan Taron Cancin Yanayi na Duniya a Copenhagen (COP 15) a watan Disambar shekara ta 2009.

 Tarihin amfani da NAMA a cikin yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa 

 Shirin Ayyuka na Bali (Disamba 2007) 
Shirin Ayyuka na Bali yana kan manyan gine-gine guda huɗu: (i) Ragewa, (ii) Daidaitawa, (iii) Fasaha, da (iv) Kudi, tare da NAMA wanda ya zama muhimmin bangare na ragewa. Shirin Ayyuka na Bali ya yi kira ga tattaunawa ta gaba don magance: 

 Auna, mai ba da rahoto da kuma tabbatar da alkawuran ragewa na kasa ko ayyuka daga dukkan kasashe masu tasowa, da;
 Ayyukan ragewa masu dacewa na ƙasa ta hanyar kasashe masu tasowa, waɗanda ke tallafawa da haɓaka ta hanyar fasaha, kuɗi da haɓaka iyawa, a cikin hanyar da za a iya aunawa, mai ba da rahoto da kuma tabbatarwa.

 Taron Yanayi na Copenhagen (Disamba 2009) 
Taron Yanayi na Copenhagen bai samar da yarjejeniyar duniya da aka tsara a cikin Taswirar Hanyar Bali ba. Yarjejeniyar Copenhagen, duk da haka, ta riƙe manufar NAMA, amma a cikin ƙarancin ma'anar da ke amfani da ƙasashe marasa Ƙaddamarwa 1, kuma ba ta ƙayyade wane nau'in ya kamata su ɗauka ba: 

 Kasashen da ba na Ƙaddamarwa I ba ga Yarjejeniyar za su aiwatar da ayyukan ragewa ... daidai da Mataki na 4.1 da Mataki ya 4.7 kuma a cikin mahallin ci gaba mai ɗorewa ... Kasashen da ke cikin Ƙaddamarwar I za su ba da bayani game da aiwatar da ayyukansu ta hanyar Sadarwar Kasa, tare da tanadi don shawarwari na kasa da bincike a ƙarƙashin jagororin da aka bayyana a fili wanda zai tabbatar da cewa an girmama ikon mallakar ƙasa. Za a yi rikodin Ayyukan ragewa na kasa da kasa da ke neman tallafin kasa da kasa a cikin rajista tare da fasaha mai dacewa, kudi da tallafin haɓaka iyawa. Wadannan ayyukan da aka goyi bayan za a kara su a cikin jerin a cikin shafi na II. Wadannan matakan ragewa da suka dace a kasa za su kasance ƙarƙashin ma'auni na kasa da kasa, rahoto da tabbatarwa daidai da jagororin da Taron Jam'iyyun suka karɓa.

 Menene ma'anar Ayyukan Rarraba Daidaitawa na Kasa? 

 Kasashe daban-daban, matakai daban-daban na kasa da suka dace bisa ga daidaito kuma bisa ga alhakin gama gari amma bambance-bambance da damar da suka dace
 Kasashe masu tasowa za su aiwatar da matakin kasa yadda ya kamata dangane da ingantaccen aiwatar da alkawuran da kasashe masu tasoma suka samu wajen samar da albarkatun kudi da canja wurin fasaha.
 Abubuwan da suka fi muhimmanci ga kasashe masu tasowa sune ci gaban tattalin arziki da zamantakewa da kuma kawar da talauci.

Indiya ta yi jayayya cewa NAMA na nufin ragewa da son rai ta kasashe masu tasowa waɗanda ke buƙatar tallafawa da haɓaka ta hanyar canja wurin fasaha daga ƙasashe masu tasgawar. Ta hanyar ma'anar, NAMAs za su bambanta da ƙasa. Indonesia, alal misali, na iya mai da hankali kan haɗa manufofin canjin yanayi tare da wasu fannoni na ci gaban tattalin arziki, kamar raguwar tallafin mai, rage talauci ta hanyar inganta madadin samun kudin shiga don rage katako ba bisa ka'ida ba, da kuma amfani da albarkatun sabuntawa na ƙasar, musamman geothermal.Bratasida, Liana (2008). "What is 'nationally appropriate mitigation action'?" (PDF). OECD. Retrieved 2022-07-30.

 Aiwatar da NAMA 
A cikin 2010, ba a aiwatar da NAMAs ba tukuna. Shirin Ayyuka (PoA)  a ƙarƙashin Tsarin Ci Gaban Tsabtace ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin magajin tsarin NAMA na gaba kuma ya riga ya fara aiki.

 Matsayi na gabatarwar NAMA 
Ya zuwa watan Satumbar 2012, kimanin kasashe 50 sun gabatar da bayanai game da NAMA ga UNFCCC. Cikakken abubuwan da suka gabatar sun bambanta sosai a kowace ƙasa, daga niyyar su kasance da alaƙa da Yarjejeniyar Copenhagen, bangarorin da aka yi niyya, takamaiman matakan da za a ɗauka, zuwa manufofi na rage hayaki na GHG.

 Jerin abubuwan da NAMA ta gabatar 

 Jerin abubuwan da NAMA ta gabatar

 NAMA don ganewa 

 Yarjejeniyar Tsabtace samarwa, Chile, 2012 . 

 Rashin amincewa da NAMA 
Wasu sun soki NAMA kamar yadda yake janyewa daga farashi na carbon da kuma karfafa manyan shirye-shiryen tallafi da kasashe masu tasowa suka tallafawa kuma kasashe masu ci gaba suka aiwatar da su da son rai.

 Manazarta