Tsarin Cap and Share

Yayin da Cap da Share wani nau'i ne na farashin carbon - kamar yadda ya haɗa da sanya farashi akan hayaƙin carbon don rage sauyin yanayi - yana wakiltar tsarin siyasa daban-daban kuma daidaitaccen tsari, wanda aka ayyana ta hanyar haɗakar mahimman abubuwa: ƙayyadaddun hayaƙi na duniya don iyakance dumamar yanayi a ƙasa da 2  ° C, izinin sayarwa ga manyan masu samar da mai, da daidaitaccen rabon kudaden shiga na kowane mutum.

Kalmar "Cap da Share" ta samo asali ne daga cibiyar tunani na Irish Feasta a cikin 2005. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, masanin tattalin arziki Adrien Fabre da sauransu sun gina kan wannan tsarin a cikin binciken ilimi da nazarin ra'ayoyin jama'a, ta amfani da bambance-bambancen kamar "Shirin Yanayi na Duniya" (GCP) ko "Tsarin Yanayi na Duniya" (GCS). Yayin da kalmomi suka bambanta, ainihin ƙa'idodin sun kasance iri ɗaya. Musamman ma, shirin na yanayi na duniya ya hada da wata hanyar da za ta hana kasashe masu matsakaicin ra'ayi irin su kasar Sin kasancewa masu ba da gudummawar hada-hadar kudi na kasa da kasa, don karfafa hadin gwiwar kasa da kasa.Fabre, Adrien, The Global Climate Plan: A Global Plan to End Climate Change and Extreme Poverty (June 01, 2024). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4850808

 Zane 
Wannan tsarin na phasing fitar da burbushin man fetur da aka asali tsara ta Feasta a 2005 da kuma 2006. Cap and Share kira ga burbushin man fetur da za a caja a halin yanzu matakin sa'an nan kuma rage kowace shekara a cikin wani kudi da sauri isa ya ba da garantin da duniya watsi yanayin a layi tare da Paris Agreement manufofin. IPCC tana nufin 'Cap da Raba' azaman tsarin manufofin da aka yi amfani da shi don "raba izinin fitar da hayaki a kowace shekara tare da doka don hana overshoot na kafa kasafin kuɗin carbon."

A cikin babban bambance-bambancen Cap da Share, wanda Feasta ke gabatarwa a halin yanzu tare da wasu kungiyoyi da masana tattalin arziki da yawa (duba sashe 'Tallafawa tsakanin masana tattalin arziki' a ƙasa), kamfanoni a cikin sassan da ke da ƙarfin carbon za su zama tilas su sayi izini don samar da su (ko shigo da su, cikin tsarin da ba na duniya ba) kowace shekara, sannan za a raba kuɗin da aka samar ta hanyar siyar da izini ga jama'a bisa ga yawan jama'a. Ana iya yin siyar da izini ta hanyar gwanjo. Farashin bene na iya zama dole don tabbatar da cewa ana samun isassun kuɗi koyaushe don tabbatar da aikin tsarin.

Wadannan kudaden da za a raba su, idan aka raba kowa-da-kowa, za a samu ci gaba ta fuskar tattalin arziki saboda masu hannu da shuni - wadanda suka saba amfani da makamashin burbushin halittu - za su zama tilas su biya diyya ga kowa saboda wannan, yayin da wadanda ke amfani da karancin mai - wadanda ke da karancin kudin shiga - za su samu kudi. Alal misali, a cikin littafinsa na 2024 "Shirin Duniya don Ƙarshen Canjin Yanayi da Matsanancin Talauci", Adrien Fabre ya ba da shawarar cewa za a iya amfani da kudaden da aka samu ta hanyar Cap da Share tsarin don samar da kudaden shiga na asali na duniya ga dukan mutane fiye da shekaru 15. A cikin shekarun farko, an kiyasta wannan canja wuri a € 44 a kowace wata, adadin da ya isa ya tashi sama da miliyan 700 ga mutanen da ke zaune a kan matsanancin talauci fiye da miliyan 2. A cewar Fabre, ana sa ran kudaden shiga za su karu a cikin shekarun farko na aiwatarwa kafin a fara raguwa sannu a hankali yayin da hayakin duniya ke kusantar sifiri. Shirin zai ƙunshi sake rarrabawa daidai da 1.2% na GDP na duniya, wanda aka canja shi daga kashi 29% na yawan jama'a tare da sawun carbon sama da matsakaicin duniya zuwa 71% tare da ƙananan sawun carbon. Sakamakon haka, kashi 71% na al'ummar duniya za su ci gajiyar kudi daga Tsarin Yanayi na Duniya, yayin da asara ga waɗanda ke ba da gudummawar ba zai wuce kashi 2.5% na kuɗin shiga ba.Point of Departure and Key Concepts". Climate Change 2022 – Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. 2023. pp. 121–196. doi:10.1017/9781009325844.003. ISBN 978-1-009-32584-4.

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