Yanayin Myanmar

Yanayin Myanmar ya bambanta dangane da wuri da kuma a cikin tsaunuka, akan tsayi.  Sauyin yanayi yana da wurare masu zafi / wurare masu zafi kuma yana da yanayi uku, "sanyi sanyi daga Nuwamba zuwa Fabrairu, lokacin zafi mai zafi a watan Maris da Afrilu da kuma lokacin damina daga Mayu zuwa Oktoba, da damina ta kudu maso yammacin ya mamaye."  Babban yanki na ƙasar yana tsakanin Tropic of Cancer da Equator kuma gabaɗayan ƙasar yana cikin yankin damina na Asiya, tare da yankunanta na bakin teku suna samun sama da 5,000 mm (196.9 in) na ruwan sama a shekara.  Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a yankin delta yana da kusan 2,500 mm (98.4 in), yayin da matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a yankin bushewa na tsakiya bai wuce 1,000 mm (39.4 in).  Tsawon tsaunukan da ke kan tuddai na da nasaba da zubar dusar kankara, musamman a Arewa.  Yankunan Arewacin Myanmar sune mafi sanyi, tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki na 21 °C (70 °F).  Yankunan bakin teku da delta suna da matsakaicin matsakaicin zafin jiki na 32 °C (89.6 °F).

 Yanayin ƙasa 
Myanmar tana da yankuna uku na agro-ecological da yankuna takwas na physiographic.

 Yankunan agro-ecological 

 Yankin bakin teku
 Yankin Tsakiya na Tsakiya
 Yankin tsaunuka

 Yankunan jiki 

 Rakhine Coastal
 Rashin ruwa na Ayeyarwadv
 Yankin Yangon Deltaic
 Kudancin Myanmar Coast
 Yankin Tsakiya na Tsakiya
 Yammacin Hilly
 Arewacin Hilly
 Gabashin Dutsen

 Misalan 

 Bala'o'i 

 fari 
Hawan yanayin zafi da karuwar fari a Myanmar sun haifar da raguwar maɓuɓɓugar ruwa a ƙauyen a duk faɗin ƙasar, sun lalata amfanin gona na wake, sukari, tumatir da shinkafa, kuma ana sa ran ci gaba da samun mummunar tasiri ga samar da aikin gona da Tsaro na abinci ta hanyar ci gaba da lalata noma da rushewa a kan ƙasa a cikin dogon lokaci. Akwai babban dogaro da aikin gona mai ciyar da ruwan sama, kamar yadda sama da kashi 70% na rayuwar mutane ta dogara da Babban birnin halitta, da kuma kashi 40% na GDP ya dogara da aikin gona, dabbobi, kamun kifi, da gandun daji. A cikin yankin busasshiyar, fari mai tsanani da asarar Ayyukan yanayin halittu waɗanda ke taka rawa wajen riƙe turɓaya suna tilasta wa waɗanda ke cikin yankunan karkara su yi tafiya mil don ruwa inda tabkuna ba su bushe ba suna haifar da ƙalubalen rayuwa.

 Ruwan sama 
A watan Agustan 2015, ambaliyar ruwa mai tsanani da ruwan sama ya haifar ta kashe mutane 27 kuma ta shafi sama da 150,000 a yankin Sagaing kuma a watan Yulin 2018 sama da mutane 120,000 a kan yankuna bakwai sun rasa muhallinsu kuma saboda ruwan sama mai yawa, tare da mutuwar da ta kai akalla 10. 

 Canjin yanayi 
Wasu masu bincike da kungiyoyi sun yi hasashen cewa tasirin yanayi na iya haifar da haɗari.    Domin yakar duk wata wahalhalu da za a iya fuskanta, gwamnatin Myanmar ta nuna sha'awarta na fadada amfani da makamashin da ake iya sabuntawa da kuma rage yawan iskar Carbon da take fitarwa.  Ƙungiyoyin da ke da hannu wajen taimaka wa Myanmar tare da sauye-sauye da kuma ci gaba sun haɗa da UN-Habitat, Shirin Muhalli na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, da Ma'aikatar Albarkatun Kasa da Kare Muhalli a karkashin shirin Myanmar Climate Change Alliance (MCCA), wanda Tarayyar Turai ta tallafa.    A watan Afrilun 2015, an ba da sanarwar cewa Bankin Duniya da Myanmar za su shiga cikin cikakken tsarin haɗin gwiwa da nufin inganta samar da wutar lantarki da sauran ayyukan yau da kullun ga mutane kusan miliyan shida kuma ana sa ran za su amfana da mata masu juna biyu da yara miliyan uku ta hanyar inganta ayyukan kiwon lafiya.[4]  Har ila yau Myanmar ta samu kudade da tsare-tsare masu kyau, wanda aka yi niyya don kyautata shirin kasar kan tasirin sauyin yanayi ta hanyar samar da shirye-shirye wadanda za su koya wa al'ummarta sabbin hanyoyin noma, da sake gina kayayyakin more rayuwa da kayayyakin da za su iya jure wa bala'o'i, da sauya sassa daban-daban don rage fitar da hayaki mai gurbata muhalli.

Don wannan karshen kasar ta kuma shiga Yarjejeniyar Paris ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a cikin 2016,  ta kirkiro Manufar Canjin Yanayi ta Kasa ta Myanmar a cikin 2017,  ta gabatar da sabon shirin aikinta na yanayi ga Yarjejeniyar Tsarin Majalisar Dinkinobho kan Canjin Yanayin Yanayi,  kuma ta haɓaka Tsarin Canjin Yanayinta na Myanmar.  [4] A lokaci guda, ikon fasaha na jihar Myanmar don gudanar da tattaunawar canjin yanayi na kasa da kasa da aiwatar da yarjejeniyar muhalli ya kasance iyakance kuma ƙasar tana buƙatar taimakon waje don inganta ƙarfin fasaha.

 Gina juriya ga al'umma 
A karkashin Myanmar Climate Change Alliance (MCCA2),  UN-Habitat tana tallafawa al'ummomin cikin gida a yankuna daban-daban na yanayin yanayi don karfafa ƙarfin su ga canjin yanayi. Gina kan darussan daga matakin farko na shirin, MCCA2 yana inganta juriya ta bangarori da yawa ta hanyar Binciken Canjin Yanayi (CCVAs) da Shirye-shiryen Ayyukan Yanayi na Yanayi (LCAPs), tabbatar da cewa dabarun daidaitawa suna motsawa a cikin gida kuma suna amsawa ga takamaiman yanayin muhalli da zamantakewar tattalin arziki.

A cikin yankunan bakin teku, shirin ya sanya hannun jari a cikin maido da mangrove da kuma hanyoyin magance matsalolin ambaliyar ruwa da zaizayar kasa.  A yankunan tsaunuka, yana tallafawa rage ambaliya, sake dazuzzuka da ayyukan noma, rage lallacewa ga zabtarewar ƙasa da ƙarancin ruwa.  A cikin Yankin bushewa, MCCA2 ya yi aiki tare da al'ummomi don inganta tsaro na ruwa ta hanyar ingantaccen kayan aikin ajiya da kuma kula da magudanar ruwa, tare da inganta aikin noma mai jure yanayi.

Ta hanyar haɗa ayyukan da al'umma ke jagoranta tare da tallafin manufofi, MCCA2 yana ƙarfafa ikon gida don tsarawa da aiwatar da matakan daidaitawa, haɓaka juriya na dogon lokaci a yankunan da suka fi fama da Myanmar.

 Gyaran yankin bushe 
Gwamnatin Myanmar, Shirin Ci Gaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, da Asusun Adaptation, suna aiwatar da shirye-shirye don samar da manoma albarkatun, ilimi da kayan aikin da ake buƙata don tallafawa amfanin gona mai kyau, duk da sauya yanayin yanayi. An yi tsammanin rage rashin tsaro na abinci da asarar daga abubuwan da suka faru na yanayi mai tsanani a cikin gidaje 42,000, aikin "Addressing Climate Change Risks on Water Resources and Food Security in the Dry Zone of Myanmar" yana ba da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin yanayi masu tsayayya da yanayi da sauran amfanin gona, da kuma nau'ikan aladu, awaki, da kaji masu tsayayyar zafi ga manoma da ma'aikata  A baya, al'ummomin da ke fama da talauci sun sare bishiyoyi don man fetur da katako, don haka yanzu al'ummomi suna da hannu sosai wajen kafa da sarrafa gandun daji don inganta yanayin ƙasa, rage raguwar ƙasa, da jinkirin rushewa. Kusan gidaje 30,000 a yankin sun amfana daga ingantaccen ruwa da kuma damar adanawa a cikin nau'ikan fadada tafkunan al'umma, gini a kan hanyoyin karkatarwa, da gyare-gyare da kariya na sama da hekta 4,000 na micro-watersheds. Don taimakawa Myanmar ta cika burinta na tsabtace ruwa da tsabtace muhalli na 2030, Lien Aid ta ci gaba da yin haɗin gwiwa tare da kananan hukumomi da shugabannin al'umma don inganta samun ruwa mai aminci a ƙauyuka a duk faɗin Myanmar.
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba