Hukuncin kisa ga luwadi

Kasashe da yawa sun aiwatar da Hukuncin kisa a matsayin hukunci na laifi ga luwaɗi a cikin tarihin su. Hukuncin shari'a ne a kasashe da yankuna da yawa, dukansu suna da dokokin aikata laifuka na Islama, ban da Uganda.

Har ila yau, masu luwadi suna fuskantar kisan kai na waje daga jihohi da wadanda ba na jihohi ba a wasu jihohi da yankuna na duniya. Wuraren da aka sani wannan ya faru sun hada da Iraki, Uganda, da yankin Chechnya na Rasha. Ana iya rarraba hukuncin kisa ga luwadi a matsayin Kisan shari'a na masu luwadi.

 A cikin dokokin jihar na yanzu 
Ƙungiyar Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans da Intersex Association (ILGA) ta ba da rahoton a cikin 2020 cewa aƙalla kasashe shida na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya - Brunei, Iran, Mauritania, Najeriya (wasu jihohi a arewacin Najeriya), Saudi Arabia, da Yemen - aikin ɗan luwaɗi ana hukunta shi da mutuwa. Wadannan shida sun haɗu a cikin 2023 da Uganda, wanda ya zama ƙasa mafi rinjaye na Kirista (82% Kirista a cikin 2024)  tare da hukuncin kisa ga wasu ayyukan jima'i. Baya ga Uganda, duk ƙasashe a halin yanzu suna da hukuncin kisa a matsayin yiwuwar hukunci ga ayyukan ɗan luwaɗi sun kafa waɗancan dokoki akan fassarorin koyarwar Islama da ake kira dokokin Shari'a. : 25, 31 Wata majiya ta bayyana cewa a cikin 2007 kadai, kasashe biyar sun aiwatar da kisa saboda luwadi. : 65 A cikin 2020, ILGA ta bayyana cewa Iran da Saudi Arabia sune kawai ƙasashe da gwamnati ta ba da izinin kisa don yin jima'i na jima'i tun daga shekara ta 2000. : 38, 49, 74 

 Cikakken tabbacin shari'a 
Ga ƙasashen da aka jera a ƙasa, babu wata takaddama ko rashin tabbas game da matsayin doka na hukuncin kisa a matsayin yiwuwar hukunci ga halayyar jima'i. Duk da yake a bayyane yake, aikace-aikace ko aiwatar da hukuncin kisa da doka ta amince da shi ya bambanta a duk faɗin hukunce-hukuncen, tare da wasu ba su sanya ko aiwatar da hukunci ba har tsawon shekaru ko shekarun da yawa, kuma wasu ba su taɓa yin hakan ba, yayin da wasu suka aiwatar da kisa kwanan nan kuma wasu suna yin hakan akai-akai.

Ya zuwa Maris 2023, waɗannan hukunce-hukuncen suna ba da izinin yanke hukuncin kisa ga halayyar ɗan luwaɗi:

  Brunei. The  Penal Code Order (Brunei: Syariah, lit. 'sharia'), prescribes death by stoning for sex acts between men (in abeyance under a moratorium, which may be lifted without warning at any time), De facto penalty: Seven years in prison and 30 lashes for married men.
  Iran. Male-male anal intercourse is declared a capital offense in Iran's Islamic Penal Code, enacted in 1991. Articles 233 through 241 criminalise both female and male same-sex activity; for a first offence, the death penalty only applies to some cases of male-male penile-anal intercourse, with female-female activity and other cases of male-male activity being punished by flogging instead of execution. Under the combination of articles 136 and 238, a woman convicted for the fourth time of the crime of musaheqeh (tribadism) is to be executed; there is no death penalty for non-genital-genital female-female sexual conduct. Though the grounds for execution in Iran are difficult to track, there is evidence that several gay men were executed in 2005–2006 and 2016 mostly on alleged charges of rape.: 64 
  Mauritania. According to a 1984 law, Muslim men can be stoned for engaging in homosexual sex, though no executions have occurred so far. The country has observed a moratorium on the execution of the death penalty since 1987.
  Nigeria. Several northern states have adopted sharia-based criminal laws, though no executions are known.
  Saudi Arabia. The kingdom does not have codified criminal laws. According to the country's interpretation of sharia, a married man who commits sodomy, or a non-Muslim who engages in sodomy with a Muslim, can be stoned to death. There are unconfirmed reports that two cross-dressing Pakistani nationals were killed by Saudi authorities in 2017, which Saudi officials have denied. Verified executions occurred in 2019. Homosexuality in Saudi Arabia is proven by four eyewitnesses who have seen the penetration, or a self confession; if these conditions are not met they can not be stoned but can be given discretionary punishments like lashing and imprisonment.
  Uganda. In May 2023, the Anti-Homosexuality Act, 2023 was signed into law, prescribing the death penalty for certain acts of "aggravated homosexuality". These are defined as: those who have homosexual sex with minors, with persons aged over 75 years, persons with disabilities, without or unable to consent, or with a person who is mentally ill. Anyone convicted of homosexuality more than once, or having infected others with a serious infectious disease such as HIV/AIDS, are also liable to be convicted as perpetrators of "aggravated homosexuality".
  Yemen. Punishment for homosexuality in Yemen can originate from the codified penal code, or from people seeking to enforce traditional Islamic morality. Article 264 of the national penal code prohibits private consensual homosexual acts between adult men. The stipulated punishment in the law for unmarried men is 100 lashes and up to a year in prison. The law stipulates that married men convicted of homosexuality are to be put to death by stoning. Article 268 of the national penal code prohibits private consensual homosexual acts between adult women. The law stipulates that premeditated acts of lesbianism are punished with up to three years in prison. In addition to the penal code, punishment for homosexuality can originate from people seeking to enforce traditional morality within their own family or for the broader society. In vigilante cases such as this, the punishment for homosexuality is oftentimes death.

 Shari'a ba a bayyane take ba 
A cewar ILGA, akwai kasashe biyar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya inda matsayin hukuncin kisa a matsayin horo ga jima'i na jinsi ɗaya ba shi da tabbas. Wannan na iya zama saboda masana ko malaman shari'a suna jayayya da tasirin tanadin doka, ko kuma saboda dokokin da aka dogara da su don yiwuwar amincewa da hukuncin kisa sune tanadin  wanda ke da alaƙa da duk halayen jima'i a waje da aure, tare da amfani da dangantakar ɗan luwaɗi ba tare da tabbas ba, kuma ya zuwa yanzu, kawai ka'ida.

 Kashe-kashen da ba a hukunta su ba 
A wasu yankuna, 'yan bindiga na Islama da kungiyoyin ta'addanci sun kashe masu luwadi, kamar Jihar Islama ta Iraki da Levant a wasu sassan Iraki, Libya, da Siriya, ƙungiyar Houthi a Yemen, Hamas a Gaza da kuma Malaysia.

 Manazarta