Hukuncin kisa a New Zealand

Hukuncin kisa - tsarin yanke hukuncin kisa ga masu laifi da aka yanke musu hukunci har zuwa mutuwa don manyan laifuka (laifuka masu kisa) da aiwatar da wannan hukuncin, kamar yadda tsarin shari'a ya ba da umarni  - ya fara bayyana a New Zealand a cikin tsari lokacin da New Zealand ta zama mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya a 1840.  An fara aiwatar da shi tare da ratayewar jama'a a titin Victoria, Auckland a 1842, yayin da kisa na ƙarshe ya faru a 1957 a gidan yarin Mount Eden, kuma a Auckland .  Gabaɗaya, an kashe mutane 85 bisa doka a New Zealand.

An fara soke hukuncin kisa don kisan kai a 1941 ta Gwamnatin Labour ta farko, tare da sauya dukkan hukuncin kisa zuwa ɗaurin rai da rai. Koyaya, Gwamnatin Kasa ta Farko ta sake dawo da ita a cikin 1949, bayan haka an sake kashe mutane takwas a cikin lokacin har zuwa 1957.  Daga baya, ra'ayin jama'a ya juya baya ga amfani da hukuncin kisa, kuma an sake soke shi don kisan kai a 1961, kuma an soke shi don duk laifuka, gami da cin amana, a 1989.

 Hanyar da ake amfani da ita 
Hanyar kisa koyaushe ta ratayewa ce. Da farko, akwai wuraren kisa da yawa a duk faɗin ƙasar, amma daga baya, birane biyu kawai inda aka rataye su ne Wellington (babban birni) da Auckland (yanzu birni mafi girma).

 Tarihi 
A lokacin Yarjejeniyar Waitangi a 1840 lokacin da New Zealand ta zama mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya, dokar da ta fi dacewa a yanzu da ke kula da hukuncin kisa a Ingila, kuma daga nan zuwa yanzu New Zealand, ita ce Dokar Hukuncin Laifuka (1837), wanda ya soke hukuncin kisa ga wasu laifuka na doka, gami da satar shanu, kuma ya maye gurbinsa da jigilar hukunci na rayuwa. Koyaya, wasu laifuka masu kisa sun kasance a cikin littattafan dokokin Burtaniya, gami da kisan kai, cin amana, leken asiri, ƙonewa a cikin tashar jiragen ruwa na sarauta, da fashi tare da tashin hankali.

Dukkanin wadanda aka kashe an same su da laifin kisan kai, ban da Hamiora Pere, wanda aka same shi da cin amana a 1869.  Dukkanin mashaya daya maza ne; ban da Minnie Dean, wanda aka same shi da laifin Kisan jarirai a shekara ta 1895. Koyaya, kafin shari'ar Dean, ɗaurin kurkuku da kisa, an sami wasu mata da yawa da laifin Kisan jarirai a ƙarni na sha tara na New Zealand, amma an sauya hukuncin kisa zuwa ɗaurin rai da rai. Wadannan sune Caroline Whitting (1872), Phoebe Veitch (1883) da Sarah-Jane da Anna Flannagan (1891).

 Kashe-kashen jama'a 
An kashe mutane takwas na farko a fili, daga 1842 zuwa 1858; biyar a waje da ƙofar Auckland Gaol a kusurwar Queen Street da Victoria Street West a tsakiyar Auckland; daya a kan King Edward Parade a bakin ruwa a Devonport; da biyu a waje da Dutsen Cook Gaol a Wellington,  wanda a yau shine shafin yanar gizon Dominion Museum da National War Memorial a kan Puke Ahu. 

 Mataki don kawar da kisan gillar jama'a a cikin mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya na Australasia 
A duk cikin yankunan da Birtaniyya ta yi wa mulkin mallaka na Australasia an kama rataye da jama'a a matsayin "kallon kallo".  Rataye jama'a na ƙarshe a Sydney ya faru ne a wajen Darlinghurst Gaol a ranar 21 ga Satumba 1852, inda manema labarai na gida suka nuna rashin amincewa da "hallartar yara masu ban mamaki, waɗanda a cikin tunaninsu abin mamaki mai ban mamaki na wani ɗan'uwanmu wanda ke rataye a ƙarshen igiya, ba shi da wani tasiri mai tsanani fiye da na masu hange daga gare su uku".  New South Wales, inda kuma kisan gillar jama'a ya kasance "wanda ke da alaƙa da zamanin da ake ƙiyayya",   na farko na mulkin mallaka na Birtaniya a Ostiraliya don soke hukuncin kisa na jama'a, lokacin da Dokar Kayyade Kisan Laifukan 1855 (NSW) ta fara aiki a kan 10 Janairu 1855.

 Manazarta