Marielle Franco

Marielle Franco (pronunciation Portuguese: [maɾiˈɛli ˈfɾɐ̃ku]; An haife ta Marielle Francisco da Silva, 27 ga Yulin shekarar 1979  - 14 ga watan Maris 2018) 'yar siyasa ce ta Brazil, masanin zamantakewa, mai fafutukar mata, mai faɗin kai da kuma mai fafutuka kan kare hakkin dan adam.  Franco ta yi aiki a matsayin kansila na birnin Rio de Janeiro na jam'iyyar Socialism and Liberty Party (PSOL) daga Janairu 2017 har zuwa kashe ta.

A ranar 14 ga Maris 2018, yayin da suke cikin mota bayan sun gabatar da jawabi a arewacin Rio de Janeiro, an harbe Franco da direbanta sau da yawa  kuma tsoffin jami'an 'yan sanda biyu   da ke tafiya a cikin wani abin hawa sun kashe su. Franco ya kasance mai sukar cin zarafin 'yan sanda da Kashe-kashen da ba na shari'a ba,  da kuma shigar da gwamnatin tarayya ta watan Fabrairun 2018 da shugaban Brazil Michel Temer ya yi a jihar Rio de Janeiro, wanda ya haifar da tura sojoji cikin ayyukan' yan sanda.   A watan Maris na shekara ta 2019, an kama Ronnie Lessa da Élcio Vieira de Queiroz kuma an tuhume su da kisan Marielle Franco da direbanta.  Sun furta kisan kai sau biyu kuma an kuma yanke musu hukunci kan yunkurin kisan Fernanda Chaves, Sakataren yada labarai na Franco, wanda shi ma yana cikin mota a lokacin.

 Rayuwa ta farko 
Franco ta girma ne a garin Maré, unguwar marasa galihu da ke arewacin Rio de Janeiro, inda ita ma ta zauna a yawancin rayuwarta, kuma ta fara aiki don ba da gudummawar samun kuɗin gida a shekara ta 1990 sa’ad da take shekara 11. Tana da 'yar'uwa, Anielle .

Marielle ta haifi ɗanta na farko kuma kaɗai a shekarar 1998 lokacin da take da shekaru 19.  Franco ta haifi 'yarta ba tare da taimakon mahaifinta ba kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin malami a makarantar sakandare a kan mafi karancin albashi.

A shekara ta 2004, Franco, wacce a duk A cikin 2004, Franco, wanda a duk tsawon aikinta ya yi yaƙi don yancin LGBT, ta fara dangantakar soyayya da Mônica Benício. A cikin 2017, ma'auratan sun yanke shawarar ƙaura tare a unguwar Tijuca tare da Luyara, 'yar Marielle. An shirya daurin aurensu a karshen 2018.

A shekara ta 2000, ta fara karatun jami'a. Bayan mutuwar wani abokinsa daga harsashin da ya bata a shekara ta 2000, Franco ya fara aiki a fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam.

A shekara ta 2002, ta shiga Jami'ar Katolika ta Pontifical ta Rio de Janeiro a kan tallafin karatu kuma ta ci gaba da aiki da kuma tayar da 'yarta yayin da take aiki zuwa digiri a kimiyyar zamantakewa.UPP herself and her child.&quot;}},&quot;i&quot;:0}}]}\" data-ve-no-generated-contents=\"true\" id=\"mwAnk\">&nbsp;</span><cite about=\"#mwt58\" class=\"citation web cs1\" id=\"CITEREFAnna_Jean_Kaiser2016\" data-ve-ignore=\"true\">Anna Jean Kaiser (30 September 2016). <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.ozy.com/rising-stars/a-favela-born-political-up-and-comer-in-brazil/72122\" id=\"mwAno\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\">\"A Favela-Born Political Up-and-Comer in Brazil\"</a>. Ozy. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20180408145734/https://www.ozy.com/rising-stars/a-favela-born-political-up-and-comer-in-brazil/72122\" id=\"mwAns\" rel=\"mw:ExtLink nofollow\">Archived</a> from the original on 8 April 2018<span class=\"reference-accessdate\" id=\"mwAnw\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"mwAn0\">17 March</span> 2018</span>. <q id=\"mwAn4\">Franco got pregnant at 18; her child's father wasn't around after the first few years. She took a job as a preschool teacher earning a minimum wage — about $200 a month — to support herself and her child.</q></cite>"}}" id="cite_ref-ozy_14-1" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Marielle_Franco#cite_note-ozy-14 [2]] Daga baya ta sami digiri na biyu a fannin gudanar da gwamnati daga Jami'ar Tarayya ta Fluminense .  Rubutun ta (mai taken "UPP: The Reduction of the Favela to Three Letters") ya shafi shirin tilasta bin doka don sake karɓar iko da favelas na Rio daga ƙungiyoyi.  

 Ayyukan siyasa 
Tun daga shekara ta 2007, Franco ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara ga wakilin jihar Marcelo Freixo, kuma ta haɗu da kwamitin majalisar dokokin jihar don Kare Haƙƙin Dan Adam da zama ɗan ƙasa. Ta kuma yi aiki ga kungiyoyin farar hula, gami da Gidauniyar Brazil da Cibiyar Maré don Nazarin Solidarity da Aiki.

A shekara ta 2016, Franco ya tsaya takara a majalisar birnin Rio de Janeiro a Zaben birni.  A matsayinta na mace baƙar fata da uwa ɗaya daga favelas, Franco ta sanya kanta a matsayin wakili kuma mai kare mata baƙar fata matalauta da mutane daga favelas. Tare da kuri'u sama da 46,500, Franco na ɗaya daga cikin wakilai 51 da aka zaba, yana karɓar kuri'u na biyar mafi girma daga cikin 'yan takara sama da 1,500.  

A matsayinta na memba na majalisa, Franco ta yi yaƙi da tashin hankali a kan mata, don haƙƙin haihuwa, da kuma haƙƙin mazauna favela.  Ta jagoranci Hukumar Tsaro ta Mata kuma ta kasance wani ɓangare na kwamitin mutum huɗu wanda ke sa ido kan sa hannun tarayya a Rio de Janeiro. Yin aiki tare da Rio de Janeiro Lesbian Front, Franco ya gabatar da lissafin don ƙirƙirar ranar bayyanar lesbian a Rio de Janeiro a watan Agustan 2017, amma lissafin ya ci nasara da kuri'un 19-17. 

 Kwanaki na ƙarshe da kisan kai 
A ranar 13 Maris 2018, Franco ya yi magana a kan Twitter game da tashin hankalin 'yan sanda a Rio de Janeiro: "Wani kisan kai na wani matashi da za a iya ba da shi ga 'yan sanda. Matheus Melo yana barin coci lokacin da aka kashe shi. Wasu nawa ne za su mutu don kawo karshen yakin?.

Kashegari, Franco ya halarci tattaunawar tebur mai taken "Young Black Women Moving [Power] Structures" (Portuguese: Jovens Negras Movendo Estruturas).  Kasa da sa'o'i biyu da barin teburin, wasu mutane biyu da ke tuka wata mota sun harbe ta tare da direbanta, Anderson Pedro Gomes. Mutanen sun yi musu harbe-harbe guda tara, hudu daga cikinsu sun bugi Franco – uku a kai da daya a wuya. Jami'in yada labarai na Franco yana kusa da ita a wurin zama na baya kuma ya ji rauni, amma ya tsira.

Marcelo Freixo, 'yar majalisar dokoki ta Rio de Janeiro daga PSOL da ta zo wurin jim kadan bayan jin labarin kisan ta, ya tabbatar da cewa an yi mata harsasan a wani mataki na kisa. A cewar 'yan sandan Rio de Janeiro, alkiblar harbe-harbe tara ya goyi bayan hasashen cewa an kashe Franco. Harsasai da suka kashe Franco sun fito ne daga rukunin da 'Yan sanda na tarayya suka saya a Brasília a shekara ta 2006;  Ministan Tsaron Jama'a Raul Jungmann daga baya ya ce an sace su daga wurin ajiyar gidan waya a Paraíba,  amma ma'aikatar daga baya ta janye wannan bayanin bayan Ofishin Jakadancin ya musanta shi a fili.

A cikin Janairu 2019, 'yan sanda sun kama Ronald Paulo Alves Pereira tare da bayar da sammacin Adriano Magalhães da Nóbrega, wadanda ake zargi da kashe Franco. Kowane wanda ake tuhuma ya sami karramawa daga ɗan shugaban ƙasar Jair Bolsonaro Flávio Bolsonaro a farkon 2000s. Matar Nóbrega da mahaifiyarta har yanzu suna aiki a ofishin Flávio Bolsonaro a shekarar 2018. 

A watan Maris na shekara ta 2019, 'yan sanda sun kama mutane biyu da ake zargi, tsoffin' yan sanda na soja da ake zarginsu da alaƙa da' yan bindiga, saboda kisan. Kafin kama su, dukansu biyu da ake zargi suna da hotuna da aka dauka tare da tsohon shugaban kasar Jair Bolsonaro, kuma daya daga cikinsu shine makwabcinsa a wani babban gida a Rio. A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2019, biyo bayan rahotanni da aka ɓoye cewa Shugaba Bolsonaro ya kasance yana hulɗa da ɗaya daga cikin manyan waɗanda ake zargi da harbi, yawancin kafofin watsa labarai na Brazil sun ba da rahoton cewa 'yan sanda suna binciken yiwuwar alaƙar ɗansa na biyu, Carlos, da lamarin. A cikin 2020, gwamnan Rio de Janeiro na lokacin Wilson Witzel ya yarda a talabijin cewa ya tsoma baki a binciken mutuwarta.

A ranar 31 ga Oktoba, 2024, kotun ta A ranar 31 ga Oktoba, 2024, wata kotu ta yanke wa tsoffin jami’an ‘yan sanda Ronnie Lessa da Élcio Vieira de Queiroz hukuncin daurin shekaru 59 da 78 a gidan yari, bi da bi, bisa laifin kashe Franco.

 Halin da aka yi 
Dubban mutane ne suka fito kan tituna domin gudanar da zanga-zangar hadin gwiwa a duk fadin kasar Brazil, kuma kungiyoyin Amnesty International da Human Rights Watch sun yi Allah wadai da kisan nata. A Amurka, malaman mata masu baƙar fata sun buga wata sanarwa da ke girmama Marielle a matsayin "har yanzu wani shahadar" ga Movement for Black Lives .

'Yar jarida Glenn Greenwald, wanda mijinta David Miranda dan majalisa ne a lokacin da aka kashe ta kuma ya kasance babban abokin abokin Franco,   ya jera abin da ya kira "mafi mahimmancin batutuwan da za a rufe" dangane da kisan Franco yana mai cewa:Yunkurin jajircewarta da jajircewarta ga bataliyoyin ƴan sanda marasa bin doka da oda, adawarta da shiga tsakani na soji, da kuma abin da ya fi ban tsoro, ƙarfinta na girma a matsayinta na bakar fata, 'yar luwadi daga favela tana neman kar ta shiga tsarin ikon Brazil, amma don murƙushe shi.Kisan biyu na Marielle da direbanta Anderson ya kasance batun yin Allah wadai a fagen siyasa a Brazil. Duk ‘yan takarar shugaban kasa a Brazil a lokacin yakin neman zaben 2018 sun yi tir da wannan aika-aika, in ban da tsohon shugaban kasar Jair Bolsonaro, wanda ya ki cewa komai kan lamarin;  yakin neman zabe ya yi zargin cewa ra'ayoyinsa game da batun zai kasance masu rikitarwa, duk da cewa shi ne yakin neman zabe wanda ya fi mayar da hankali kan batutuwan tsaro kafin ranar zabe. 

A cikin 2022, Shugaba Lula ta sanar da nadin 'yar uwarta, Anielle Franco, a matsayin ministar daidaiton launin fata.

 Kyauta 
An gudanar da wani taron bita na fasahar dijital a Nairobi, Kenya mai taken "Hotunan Marielle: Ƙirƙirar Gada tsakanin Kenya da Brazil" tare da matasa masu fasaha na Kenya da suka halarci, kuma an baje kolin zane-zane a gidan tarihin Maré da ke Rio de Janeiro a ranar 10 ga Nuwamba 2018. 

Amnesty International ta haɗa da sunan Franco a cikin kamfen ɗin da ta yi wa waɗanda suka rubuta don haƙƙin ɗan adam kuma suka rasa rayukansu,  yayin da aka yi sabuntawa kuma an jera haraji ta kan layi Franco a cikin masu fafutukar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam sama da 400 ga mata ta Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Mata a Ci Gaba. 

Globoplay ne ya fitar da wani jeri mai taken Marielle – O Documentário a ranar 13 ga Maris 2020. 

Sigar 19 na antiX, rarrabawar Linux akan Debian Stable, ana kiranta da sunan Marielle Franco.

 Rayuwa ta mutum 
Franco ya bayyana a matsayin bisexual. A cikin 2017, ta koma unguwar Rio de Janeiro ta Tijuca tare da abokin tarayya, Monica Tereza Benicio, da 'yarta mai shekaru 18, Luyara Santos .  Marielle da Monica sun hadu yayin tafiya tare da abokai lokacin da suke da shekaru 18 da 24, bi da bi. Sun kasance suna soyayya na tsawon shekaru 13, kodayake sau da yawa ana katse dangantakar saboda rashin yarda da iyalansu da abokai. A lokacin katsewa, Monica tana da dangantaka da wasu mata da maza kuma Marielle da wasu maza. Franco da Benicio suna shirin yin aure a watan Satumbar 2018.

 Dubi kuma 

 Jerin kisan kai § Brazil

 Bayanan da aka ambata 

Rukuni:Mutuwan 2018
Rukuni:Haifaffun 1979