Hukuncin kisa a Italiya

An haramta amfani da hukuncin kisa a Italiya tun 1889, ban da lokacin 1926-1947, wanda ya haɗa da mulkin Fascism a Italiya da farkon maido da dimokuradiyya. Kafin hadin kan Italiya a 1860, an yi hukuncin kisa a kusan dukkanin jihohin da suka riga sun kasance, sai dai Tuscany, inda, tun daga 1786, an soke shi akai-akai (kwanan nan a 1859) kuma an sake gabatar da shi. A halin yanzu Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Jamhuriyar Italiya ya hana shi ba tare da wasu banbanci ba har ma a lokutan yaƙi.

 Tarihi 
A Italiya, jihar farko da ta gabata don kawar da hukuncin kisa ita ce Grand Duchy na Tuscany tun daga ranar 30 ga Nuwamba 1786, a ƙarƙashin mulkin Pietro Leopoldo (ba da daɗewa ba zai zama Leopold II, Sarkin Roma Mai Tsarki) biyo bayan kimanin shekaru goma sha huɗu na dakatarwa.  Don haka Tuscany ita ce jiha ta farko ta zamani a duniya da ta haramta azabtarwa da hukuncin kisa.

Koyaya, an sake gabatar da hukuncin kisa kusan nan da nan a cikin 1790, saboda rikice-rikicen da ya biyo bayan tashiwar Pietro Leopoldo zuwa Vienna. A cikin 1831 an ayyana sabon dakatarwar kisa. Tare da dokar da aka rubuta a ranar 11 ga Oktoba 1847, a cikin mahallin juyawa na Duchy na Lucca zuwa Tuscany, Grand Duke Leopold II, jikan Pietro Leopoldo, ya soke hukuncin kisa a sabon duchy, wanda saboda haka ya zama kawai yankin abolitionist har zuwa Fabrairu 1848, lokacin da babbar kotun Florence ta ba da sauri ta ba da ma'auni ga dukan yankin Grand Duchy.

A wannan lokacin ma, duk da haka, sokewar ba ta da tsawo, kuma a cikin 1852 an sake dawo da hukuncin kisa, kawai don sake soke shi a karo na uku a cikin 1859 ta Gwamnatin wucin gadi wacce ta hau mulki bayan korar Gidan Habsburg-Lorraine. A cikin dukan lokacin daga maidowar bayan Napoleon zuwa 1859 akwai kisan gilla guda biyu kawai a cikin Grand Duchy, a cikin 1820 da 1830, kuma shari'ar ta uku, a cikin 1854, ba za a iya aiwatar da ita ba saboda rashin yiwuwar aiki (ba a sake samun shugaban da aka nada a kan aiki ba, an jefa guillotine a cikin Arno a cikin 1848, babu ma'aikatan da ke son shiga), kuma Grand Duke ba shi da wani zaɓi sai dai ya gafarta mutumin da aka yanke masa hukunci, duk da aka yanke shi da "babban laifi".

 Ra'ayin jama'a 
Shugaban Italiya, Sergio Mattarella, ya bayyana a shekarar 2016 cewa "Ba za a taba samun cikakken adalci a duniya ba, muddin ba za a dakatar da kashe mutane ba".

Italiya ta ba da shawarar dakatar da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan hukuncin kisa, wanda ke roƙon jihohi su kafa dakatar da kisa tare da ra'ayi game da kawarwa kuma sun bukaci jihohi a duniya da su amince da shi. Tsohon Ministan Harkokin Waje na Italiya Massimo D'Alema ya kuma bayyana cewa mataki na gaba shine yin aiki kan kawar da hukuncin kisa.

Nazarin Darajar Turai na 2008 (EVS) ya gano cewa kashi 42% ne kawai na masu amsawa a Italiya suka ce ba za a iya tabbatar da hukuncin kisa ba, yayin da kashi 58% suka ce koyaushe ana iya tabbatar da shi.

Jerin kuri'u tun daga shekara ta 2010 sun gano cewa goyon baya ga hukuncin kisa yana ƙaruwa. daga kashi 25% a cikin 2010, kashi 35% a cikin 2017 da kuma A cikin 2020, kashi 43% na Italiyanci sun nuna goyon baya ga hukuncin kisa.   Wani binciken da aka yi a watan Fabrairun 2024 ya gano cewa kashi 31% na Italiyanci sun goyi bayan hukuncin kisa.

 Manazarta