Gurbacewar filastik

Gurbacewar filastik ita ce tarin abubuwa da barbashi (misali kwalabe, jakunkuna da microbeads) a cikin muhallin duniya wanda ke yin illa ga mutane, namun daji da wuraren zama."Plastic pollution". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 1 August 2013.Laura Parker (June 2018). "We Depend on Plastic. Now We're Drowning in It". NationalGeographic.com. Archived from the original on 16 May 2018. Retrieved 25 June 2018.Filayen da ke aiki azaman  gurɓatawa ana rarraba su ta hanyar girma zuwa tarkace micro-, meso-, ko macro.Hammer, J; Kraak, MH; Parsons, JR (2012). "Plastics in the Marine Environment: The Dark Side of a Modern Gift". Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. Vol. 220. pp. 1–44. doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-3414-6_1. ISBN 978-1461434139. PMID 22610295. S2CID 5842747.Filastik ba su da tsada kuma masu ɗorewa, suna sa su dace sosai don amfani daban-daban; saboda haka, masana'antun sun zaɓi yin amfani da filastik akan sauran kayan.Hester, Ronald E.; Harrison, R. M. (editors) (2011). Marine Pollution and Human Health. Royal Society of Chemistry. pp. 84–85. ISBN 184973240XKoyaya, tsarin sinadarai na mafi yawan robobi yana sa su jure wa yawancin hanyoyin lalacewa na lalacewa kuma a sakamakon haka suna jinkirin raguwa.Le Guern, Claire (March 2018). "When The Mermaids Cry: The Great Plastic Tide". Coastal Care.Tare, waɗannan abubuwa guda biyu suna ba da damar manyan ɗimbin robobi su shiga cikin mahalli a matsayin sharar da ba a sarrafa ba wanda ke ci gaba a cikin muhallin  kuma yana tafiya cikin gidajen yanar gizon abinci.Worm, Boris; Lotze, Heike K.; Jubinville, Isabelle; Wilcox, Chris; Jambeck, Jenna (17 October 2017). "Plastic as a Persistent Marine Pollutant". Annual Review of Environment and Resources. 42 (1): 1–26. doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-102016-060700. ISSN 1543-5938.Ong, Sandy (24 August 2023). "The living things that feast on plastic". Knowable Magazine. doi:10.1146/knowable-082423-1.

Gurbacewar filastik na iya addabar ƙasa, hanyoyin ruwa da kuma tekuna. An kiyasta cewa tan miliyan 1.1 zuwa 8.8 na sharar robobi na shiga cikin teku daga al'ummomin da ke bakin teku a kowace shekara.[8]An kiyasta cewa akwai tarin tan miliyan 86 na tarkacen ruwa na robobi a cikin tekun duniya ya zuwa karshen shekarar 2013, tare da hasashen cewa kashi 1.4% na robobin da ake samarwa a duniya daga 1950 zuwa 2013 sun shiga cikin tekun kuma sun taru a wurin.[9]Samar da robobi na duniya ya haura daga tan miliyan 1.5 a cikin shekarun 1950 zuwa tan miliyan 335 a shekarar 2016, wanda ya haifar da matsalolin muhalli. Wani muhimmin al'amari ya taso ne daga rashin ingantaccen magani na kashi 79% na samfuran filastik, wanda ke haifar da sakin su zuwa wuraren da ake zubar da ƙasa ko kuma yanayin yanayi.[10]

Wasu masu bincike sun nuna cewa nan da shekara ta 2050 za a iya samun robobi fiye da kifin da ke cikin teku bisa nauyi.[11]Za a iya cutar da halittu masu rai, musamman dabbobin ruwa, ko dai ta hanyar injuna kamar cuku-cuwa a cikin abubuwan robobi, matsalolin da ke da alaƙa da sharar robobi, ko kuma ta hanyar bayyanar da sinadarai a cikin robobi waɗanda ke kawo cikas ga ilimin halittarsu. Lalacewar sharar robobi na iya shafar mutane kai tsaye ta hanyar amfani da su kai tsaye (watau a cikin ruwan famfo), cin abinci kai tsaye (ta hanyar cin tsire-tsire da dabbobi), da rushewar hanyoyin hormonal.

 Abunda ke haddasashi 
Akwai ƙididdiga daban-daban na yawan sharar robobi da aka yi a ƙarni na baya. Bisa kididdigar da aka yi, an yi watsi da tan biliyan daya na sharar robobi tun daga shekarun 1950.Weisman A (2007). The world without us. New York: Thomas Dunne Books/St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-1443400084.Wasu kuma sun yi kiyasin yawan adadin mutane da ake samarwa na tan biliyan 8.3 na robobi, wanda tan biliyan 6.3 ya zama almubazzaranci, inda kashi 9% kawai ake sake yin amfani da su."What Percentage of Plastic is Recycled Globally?". UCSB Bren School of Environmental Science & Management. 18 December 2018. Retrieved 23 January 2024.Geyer R, Jambeck JR, Law KL (July 2017). "Production, use, and fate of all plastics ever made". Science Advances. 3 (7): e1700782. Bibcode:2017SciA....3E0782G. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1700782. PMC 5517107. PMID 28776036.Environment, U.N. (21 October 2021). "Drowning in Plastics – Marine Litter and Plastic Waste Vital Graphics". UNEP – UN Environment Programme. Retrieved 21 March 2022.

An kiyasta cewa wannan sharar ta ƙunshi 81% resin polymer, 13% polymer fibers da 32%  additives polymer. A cikin 2018 an samar da fiye da tan miliyan 343 na sharar robobi, kashi 90% na abin da ya ƙunshi sharar robobin bayan mabukaci (sharar masana'antu, aikin gona, kasuwanci da kuma sharar robobin birni). Sauran sharar da aka riga aka yi amfani da su sun kasance daga samar da guduro da kera samfuran filastik (misali kayan da aka ƙi saboda launi mara dacewa, taurin, ko halayen sarrafawa).

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