Garin Garrison na Memphis

Memphis Tennessee Garrison (Maris 3, 1890 - Yuli 25, 1988) ya kasance mai fafutuka ga 'yan Afirka na Afirka da mata matasa a Lokacin Jim Crow Era a yankunan karkara na West Virginia . Garrison malamin McDowell County ne kuma matsakanci na al'umma, sananne ne don shirya babi na uku na West Virginia na reshen Gary na NAACP a 1921. Bugu da ƙari, daga 1931 zuwa 1946, Garrison ya kasance matsakanci na al'umma ga US Steel Gary Mines . Wasu daga cikin wasu nasarorin da Garrison ya samu sun fito ne daga kafa reshen Gary na Ƙungiyar Ƙasa don Ci gaban Mutanen Launi, zuwa shirya dakarun Girl Scout ga 'yan mata na Afirka, zuwa ƙirƙirar shirin karin kumallo daga ɗalibai matalauta a lokacin Babban Mawuyacin hali kuma a ƙarshe zuwa ƙirƙirar "Negro Artist Series".

 Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi 
An haifi Memphis Tennessee Carter a Hollins, Virginia a ranar 3 ga Maris, 1890, ga Cassie Thomas Carter da Wesley Carter . Iyayenta duka biyu tsoffin bayi ne, kuma daga baya mahaifinta ya zama mai hakar kwal. Memphis ita ce ƙarama cikin yara biyu kuma saboda aikin mahaifinta, iyalinta sun yi yarinta a Kudancin Yammacin Virginia. Memphis ta shafe mafi yawan kwanakinta tana karɓar ilimin firamare daga makarantun jama'a na West Virginia. Daga baya a rayuwa, Memphis ta ci gaba da auren William "Melvin" Garrison, masanin lantarki da kuma shugaban kamfanin kwal daga Gary, McDowell County na West Virginia, a ranar 5 ga Oktoba, 1918. Memphis da Melvin ba su da yara, kodayake idan ta kasance mai yiwuwa aikinta zai ragu saboda rashin jin daɗin daukar malamai tare da yara a makarantun West Virginia a wannan lokacin. Daga bisani ta sami B.A. tare da girmamawa daga Kwalejin Jihar Bluefield  a 1939, kuma ta ci gaba da karatun ci gaba a Jami'ar Ohio. 

 Ayyuka 
Garrison ta fara aikinta a matsayin malama a makarantar jama'a a McDowell County a 1908 kuma ta kasance a can har zuwa farkon shekarun 1950 lokacin da ta yi ritaya. Kodayake ta yi mafarki na zama lauya, ba za ta iya samun horo da ake buƙata ba. Yayinda take malama, ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin matsakanci na al'umma ga US Gary Steel Mines . Ta taimaka wajen wannan yayin da ta warware rikice-rikice da korafe-korafe a madadin ma'aikatan ƙarfe.

Ta kuma kasance babbar tasiri a cikin siyasar yankinta. A matsayinta na sakatariyar reshen Gary na NAACP, ta gudanar da ayyuka da kamfen da yawa game da wariyar launin fata ga masu launin fata. Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun kamfen ɗin da ta yi shi ne kamfen ɗin hatimi na Kirsimeti a ƙarshen shekarun 1920 da farkon shekarun 1930. Wannan aikin ya jaddada "Justice for All." Ya tattara kudi mai yawa ga babban ofishin NAACP kuma ya samar da goyon baya ga kungiyar. Ayyukanta a cikin NAACP sun kuma taimaka wajen zartar da lissafin yaki da kisan gilla a West Virginia .  Daga bisani ta zama mataimakiyar shugaban kungiyar Gary Branch daga 1963 zuwa 1966.

Ta sadaukar da rayuwarta ta baya ga aikin jama'a kuma ta dauki matsayi na farko a kungiyoyi daban-daban don inganta jihar da al'ummarta. Daga baya aka ba ta lada da girmamawa da yawa saboda sadaukarwarta da hidima a yankin 'Yancin Bil'adama da kuma gwagwarmayarta ta yau da kullun don sauƙaƙe aji da wariyar launin fata.

 Kyauta 
Duk da yake Garrison ta ba da gudummawa sosai ga inganta dangantakar launin fata a lokacin babban wariyar launin fata, ba koyaushe take tserewa daga tasirin ba. Ta sami martani don tallafawa Joe Parsons, wani baƙar fata da ke neman Sheriff, kuma an dakatar da ita daga koyarwa na shekara guda. Garrison ta lura cewa ta tara ƙarfi don cimma duk abin da ta yi da kuma magance rikice-rikice ta hanyar bangaskiyar Kirista. Memphis Tennessee Garrison ta dauki matakin yin kira ga imanin ta kuma ta jagoranci al'ummarta zuwa daidaiton launin fata da jinsi a lokacin da mata ke da iyakantaccen haƙƙin. Yana da mahimmanci a san cewa Memphis Tennessee Garrison ta kasance mai fafutuka mai cin nasara duk da gaskiyar cewa tana da iyakantaccen albarkatun tattalin arziki.

Gidan Garrison a Huntington, West Virginia an kara shi a cikin National Register of Historic Places a cikin 2017. Gidan ta na iya zama gidan kayan gargajiya na al'umma don ƙungiyar kare hakkin bil'adama. A cewar Owens Brown, Shugaban yanzu na Jihar Virginia ta Yammacin, gidan Garrison wata hukuma ce da ke tunawa da al'ummar baƙar fata ta Huntington kuma tana aiki ne a matsayin abin tunawa da aikin Garrison da gwagwarmaya.

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Mutuwan 1988
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba