Shekarar dokokin takara a Amurka

Wannan labarin ya bayyana shekarun dokokin takara na gwamnatin tarayya da jihohin Amurka. Amurka a tarihi tana da mafi ƙarancin shekaru don matsayi da yawa, daga Shugaban kasa zuwa membobin majalisa na gari. Duk da yake babu iyakar shekaru ko ma'anar tilasta ritaya - wasu ƙasashe kamar Kanada suna tilasta shekarun ritaya ga alƙalai  da sanatoci  - akwai iyakokin lokaci a wasu lokuta, mafi mahimmanci iyakar cikakkun wa'adi biyu ga Shugaban Amurka.

 Gwamnatin Tarayya 
A karkashin Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Amurka, dole ne mutum ya kasance mai shekaru 35 ko sama da haka don zama shugaban kasa. Don zama sanata, dole ne mutum ya kasance mai shekaru 30 ko sama da haka. Don zama wakilin, dole ne mutum ya kasance mai shekaru 25 ko sama da haka. An bayyana wannan a cikin Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Amurka.

Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Amurka bai bayyana shekarun da ake buƙata don mutum ya yi aiki a Kotun Koli ba.

Babu takamaiman shekarun da ake buƙata don yin aiki a cikin majalisar shugaban kasa.

 Gwamnatin jihar 
Yawancin jihohi a Amurka suna da bukatun shekaru don ofisoshin Gwamna, Sanata na Jiha, da Wakilin Jiha. Wasu jihohi suna da mafi ƙarancin shekaru da ake buƙata don riƙe kowane zaɓaɓɓen mukamin (yawanci 21 ko 18).
JihaGwamnaGidan da ke samaGidan da ke ƙasaMataimakin gwamnaBabban lauyaSakataren GwamnatiMai ba da kuɗiAlabama30252130252525Alaska3025213018*N.A.18*Arizona252525N.A.252525Arkansas3025213018*18*18California18*18*18*18*18*18*18*Colorado30252530252525Connecticut3018*18*3018Babu18*Delaware30272430BabuBabuBabuFlorida3021213030Babu25Georgia30252130252518*Hawaii30251830BabuN.A.BabuIdaho3018*18*30302525Illinois25212125252525Indiya302521301818*Iowa302521301818*Kansas2518*18*25BabuBabuKentucky30302430303030Louisiana30301825252525Maine30 25*21*N.A.BabuBabuMaryland3025213018*18*Massachusetts25251818*181818Michigan302121302118*Minnesota252121252121Mississippi30252120262525Missouri30302430BabuBabuMontana30BabuBabu252525Nebraska3021N.A.3018BabuNevada2521212518*18*18*New Hampshire303018N.A.18*18*New Jersey30302130BabuBabuNew Mexico30252130303030Birnin New York3018183030Babu30Arewacin Carolina30252130212121Arewacin Dakota3019*18*30252525Ohio181818Babu181818Oklahoma31252131313131Oregon302121N.A.1818Pennsylvania3025213030BabuBabuTsibirin Rhode18181818181818Kudancin Carolina3025213018*18*Dakota ta Kudu21212121BabuBabuTennessee30302130†18BabuTexas302621301818*18*Utah3025253025N.A.25VermontBabuBabuBabuBabu18BabuVirginia302121303018*18*Washington18*18*18*18*18*18*18*Yammacin Virginia301818N.A.2518*18Wisconsin18181818*18*18*18Wyoming302521N.A.18*2525
* Kyakkyawan mai jefa kuri'a / mai yin rajista da ake buƙata. † Bukatar zama memba na Majalisar Dattijai ta Jiha. N.A. yana nuna cewa irin wannan matsayi bai wanzu a wannan jihar ba.

 Alaska 

 Duk wani mukamin gwamnati: akalla 30 (ƙwarewar mai jefa kuri'a) 

 Arizona 

 Kowane mukamin gwamnati: akalla 18 

 California 

 Kowane mukamin gwamnati: 18

 Colorado 

 Duk wani mukamin gwamnati: akalla 18 (ƙwarewar mai jefa kuri'a) 

 Connecticut 

 Georgia 

 Duk wani ofishin da aka zaba: 18 (wanda ya cancanci jefa kuri'a) 

 Hawaii 

 memba na kwamitin makwabta: 18

 Idaho 

 Magajin gari: yana da shekaru 18 

 Illinois 

 Mai kula da shi: 25 
 memba na kwamitin makaranta: 18 (ƙwarewar mai jefa kuri'a) 

 Indiya 

 Magajin gari: 18 (wanda ya cancanta ya zama mai jefa kuri'a) 

 Iowa 

 Duk wani mukamin gwamnati: 18 (ƙwarewar mai jefa kuri'a) 

 Louisiana 

 Mai ba da kuɗi: 25
 memba na kwamitin makaranta: 18 (ƙwarewar mai jefa kuri'a) 

 Maryland 

 Alkalin Kotun da'ira: 30 
 Sheriff na County: 25 
 Sauran ofisoshin gundumar: sun bambanta bisa ga dokar gida 
 Duk wani mukamin gwamnati: akalla 18 (ƙwarewar mai jefa kuri'a) 

 Massachusetts 

 Yawancin ofisoshin: 18

 Michigan 
Gwamna ko Mataimakin Gwamna: 30

Majalisar Dattijai ta Jiha ko Gidan Jiha: 21

Alƙali: An ba da lasisi don yin aiki da doka

Duk sauran ofisoshin: 18 (ya kamata ya zama mai rajista kuma ya cancanci zama mai jefa kuri'a) 

 Minnesota 

 Ofisoshin da yawa: 21 

 Montana 

 Magajin gari: akalla 21 

 Nebraska 

 Nevada 

 Duk wani ofishin da aka zaba: 18 (wanda ya cancanci jefa kuri'a) 

 New Mexico 

 Yawancin ofisoshin: 18 (ƙwarewar mai jefa kuri'a) 

 Birnin New York 

 Mai kula da shi: 30 
 Sanata na Jiha: 18 
 Majalisar Jiha:18 

 Arewacin Carolina 

 Ofisoshin da yawa: 30, 25, 21 
 Ofisoshin birni marasa jam'iyya: 60 (ƙwarewar mai jefa kuri'a) 
 https://www.ncsbe.gov/candidates/filing-candidacy/general-candidate-requirements

 Arewacin Dakota 

 Magajin gari / majalisa: 18 (ƙwarewar mai jefa kuri'a) 

 Oklahoma 

 Ofisoshin gwamnati na Jiha, gundumar, da na birni: akalla 18 (ƙwarewar mai jefa kuri'a) 

 Oregon 

 Sheriff: 21
 Sauran ofisoshin gundumar da na gida: 18 
 Adalci na Zaman Lafiya: 18

 Pennsylvania 

 Magajin gari na uku: 18 

 Tsibirin Rhode 

 Kowane ofishin: akalla 18 (ƙwarewar mai jefa kuri'a) 

 Kudancin Carolina 

 Shari'a: 32 

 Dakota ta Kudu 

 Kwamishinan Ayyuka na Jama'a: 25
 Magajin gari / alderman: akalla 18 (ƙwarewar mai jefa kuri'a) 

 Tennessee 

 Alkalin Kotun Koli: 35
 Sauran alƙalai na jihohi: 30
 Magajin gari / mai gudanarwa na gundumar: 30
 Sheriff: 25
 Mai kula da 'yan sanda: 21
 memba na Kwamitin Makarantar County: 18 (wanda ake buƙata don mai jefa kuri'a) 
 Gidan Wakilai na Jiha: 21
 Majalisar Dattawa ta Jiha: 30
 Gwamna: 30

 Texas 

 Duk wani mukamin gwamnati: akalla 19 (ƙwarewar mai jefa kuri'a) 

 Vermont 

 Jami'an gari: akalla 18 (ƙwarewar mai jefa kuri'a)  

 Kowane ofishin: akalla 18 (ƙwarewar mai jefa kuri'a) 

 Washington 

 Kowane ofishin birni: akalla 18 (ƙwarewar mai jefa kuri'a) 

 Wisconsin 

 Kowane ofishin birni: akalla 18 (ƙwarewar mai jefa kuri'a) 

 Wyoming 

 Karamar hukuma 
Jihohi da yawa suna buƙatar zaɓaɓɓun jami'an birni su kasance sama da shekaru 18 ko kuma su kasance masu jefa kuri'a a cikin birni. Montana tana buƙatar magajin gari su kasance aƙalla shekaru 21.

Ya zuwa Nuwamba 2016, yawancin biranen Amurka da ke da yawan jama'a sama da 200,000 sun buƙaci magajin gari ya zama mai jefa kuri'a a cikin birni ko aƙalla shekaru 18. Ga wasu bambance-bambance:

 Shekaru 30: Denver, CO; Honolulu, HI; Memphis, TN; Nashville, TN) St. Louis, MO
 Shekaru 25: Baltimore, MD; Colorado Springs, CO; Columbus, GA; Glendale, AZ; Kansas City, MO; Omaha, NE; Philadelphia, PA; Washington, DC; Westminster, MD
 Shekaru 21: Louisville, KY, Oklahoma City, OK; Aurora, CO; Minneapolis, MN;  Saint Paul, MN 
 Shekaru 19: Hialeah, FL (ƙwarewar mai jefa kuri'a + shekara 1 na zama) 
 Babu mafi ƙarancin shekaru da aka lissafa ko nunawa: Pittsburgh, PA; Wichita, KS; Jersey City, NJ; Buffalo, NY; Yonkers, NY; Troy, NC
 Bayanan da ba a samu ba: Birmingham, AL; Newark, NJ

 Baltimore 

 Mai kula da Birni, kuma Shugaban Majalisar Birni: 25 
 memba na Majalisar Birni: 21 

 Manazarta