2012 California Shirin 34

Shirin 34 wani matakin zabe ne na California wanda masu jefa kuri'a na California suka yanke shawarar a Zaben jihar a ranar 6 ga Nuwamba, 2012. Ya nemi soke Shirin 17, wanda masu jefa kuri'a suka zartar a shekarar 1972, don haka ya kawar da hukuncin kisa a California.

An kayar da shawarar da kashi 52% a kan kashi 48% a cikin ni'ima, duk da gaskiyar cewa magoya baya sun kashe kudi sau 6 a cikin yakin fiye da abokan adawar.

 Tarihi 
Kungiyar hadin gwiwar jami'an tsaro, 'yan uwa wadanda aka kashe, da kuma wadanda aka yanke musu hukunci ba bisa ka'ida ba sun kaddamar da kamfen ɗin shirin "Savings, Accountability, and Full Enforcement for California Act", ko SAFE California, Prop. 34. Idan masu jefa kuri'a na California sun wuce shi a ranar 6 ga Nuwamba, 2012, Prop. 34 za su maye gurbin hukuncin kisa da ɗaurin rai da rai ba tare da yiwuwar salula ba, suna buƙatar mutanen da aka yanke musu hukuncin rai da rai a kurkuku ba tare da damar salula su yi aiki ba don biyan maidowa ga iyalan wadanda abin ya shafa, da kuma rarraba kusan dala miliyan 30 a kowace shekara na shekaru uku ga sassan 'yan sanda don manufar warware shari'ar kisan kai da fyade. A kusa da shi 34 ya kasance a gaba a cikin binciken da aka yi kwanan nan na Los Angeles Times lokacin da masu jefa kuri'a suka ji game da "ra'ayoyin kudi da cikakkun bayanai game da tasirin [Tambayar 34's] akan fursunoni".

A ranar 1 ga Maris, 2012, Kamfen ɗin SAFE California ya gabatar da sa hannu 799,589 don samun cancanta ga zaben a ranar 6 ga Nuwamba, 2012.  A ranar 23 ga Afrilu, 2012, Sakatariyar Harkokin Wajen California Debra Bowen ta ba da sanarwar cewa an amince da shirin kuma zai kasance a cikin kuri'un Nuwamba.

 Masu ba da shawara 
Masu goyon bayan Prop. 34 ya ambaci farashin aiwatar da hukuncin kisa a matsayin babban abin da ke motsawa a bayan shirin. Wani binciken da tsohon mai gabatar da kara da alƙalin tarayya Arthur Alarcón ya yi a shekara ta 2011 ya nuna cewa California ta kashe kusan dala biliyan 4 don kashe mutane 13 tun lokacin da aka dawo da hukuncin kisa. Binciken hukuma na Ofishin Mai Bincike na Shari'a game da shawarar ya nuna cewa Prop. 34 zai iya adana masu biyan haraji sama da dala miliyan 100 a kowace shekara.

Masu goyon bayan Prop. 34 kuma ya ambaci yiwuwar kashe mutum marar laifi a matsayin babban abin da ke motsawa a bayan shirin. Wani binciken da aka fitar kwanan nan da Cibiyar Shari'a Earl Warren ta Cibiyar Shariʼa da Manufofin Jama'a a Jami'ar California, Berkeley, Makarantar Shari'a, ta nuna cewa yawan California na hukunce-hukuncen da ba daidai ba shine mafi girma a cikin al'umma.

Magoya bayan Prop. 34 sun hada da:

 Jam'iyyar Democrat ta California 
 Kungiyar Nurses ta California 
 Kungiyar Mata Masu Zabe ta California 
 NAACP na Jihar California 
 Dukkanin bishops na Cocin Roman Katolika a California.
 Dukkanin bishops na Ikilisiyar Episcopal a California.
 Jeanne Woodford, tsohon mai kula da gidan yarin jihar San Quentin wanda ya jagoranci kashe-kashen hudu; 
 Gil Garcetti, tsohon Lauyan Gundumar Los Angeles County; 
 Franky Carrillo  da Obie Anthony,  wadanda aka yanke musu hukunci da kisan kai kuma sun kwashe shekaru da yawa a kurkuku kafin a wanke su;
 Deldelp Medina  da Aqeela Sherrills,  dangin wadanda aka kashe;
 Don Heller,  marubucin shirin 1978 wanda ya fadada amfani da hukuncin kisa a California; 
 Ron Briggs,  babban mai goyon bayan shirin 1978 wanda ya fadada amfani da hukuncin kisa a California.  

 Masu adawa 
Wasu daga cikinsu. Masu sukar 34 ba su yarda da binciken da ya nuna cewa hukuncin kisa a California ya fi tsada fiye da rayuwa a kurkuku ba tare da yiwuwar sallama ba. Sauran sun yarda cewa tsarin ya lalace, amma suna da fatan cewa za a iya gyara shi, duk da gaskiyar cewa "ƙoƙarin sake fasalin sun kasa wucewa Majalisar Dokokin Jihar California".

Lokacin da aka kayar da shawarar 34, Michael Rushford, mai goyon bayan hukuncin kisa, ya ce zaben kira ne ga jami'an California da su "sanya tsarin daukaka kara, fadada tafkin lauyoyin tsaro da suka cancanci magance manyan shari'o'in, da kuma kashe fursunoni tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi guda ɗaya maimakon cakuda miyagun ƙwari uku da aka yi amfani da su yanzu".

 Manazarta