Canjin makamashi

canjin makamashi (ko Canjin tsarin makamashi) babban canji ne na tsarin samar da makamashi da amfani a cikin tsarin makamasheya. A halin yanzu, ana ci gaba da sauyawa zuwa Makamashi mai ɗorewa don iyakance canjin yanayi. Yawancin makamashi mai ɗorewa shine makamashi marar sabuntawa. Sabili da haka, wani lokaci don sauya makamashi shine sauya makamancin sabuntawa. Canjin na yanzu yana da niyyar rage hayakin iskar gas daga makamashi da sauri da kuma ci gaba, galibi ta hanyar saukar da man fetur da canza matakai da yawa yadda zai yiwu don aiki a kan karancin wutar lantarki. Wataƙila sauyawar makamashi ta baya ta faru ne a lokacin Juyin Juya Halin Masana'antu daga shekara ta 1760 zuwa gaba, daga itace da sauran halittu zuwa kwal, sannan man fetur da iskar gas daga baya.

Fiye da kashi uku na bukatun makamashi na ƙonawa da bukatun cigaban duniya, amma wannan amfani ya fitar da gas na gas.  Abincin kuzari da Amfani suna da alhakin mafi yawan abubuwan da ɗan adam da ke haifar da iskar gas. [ Don haduwa da manufofin Paris a  shekara ta 2015 akan canjin yanayi, dole ne a rage exerions da wuri-wuri da kuma isa ga yanar gizo-karni na tsakiyar karni. [3] Tun daga marigayi 2010s, canjin makamashi mai sabuntawa ya kuma faduwa da farashin rana da sauri da wutar lantarki. Bayan 2024, madaidaicin makamashi mai rahusa ne fiye da koyaushe. Farashin rana na duniya ya fadi kashi 35 da ƙasa da ƙasa da 100 cents / Kwh. Ev Batura ya ga mafi kyawun farashin su ragi a cikin shekaru bakwai. [4] Wata fa'idar canzawar makamashi ita ce yuwuwar rage yawan masana'antar makamashi. [5]

Ana amfani da wutar lantarki a cikin gine-gine, tare da famfo na zafi shine mafi kyawun fasaha. Don inganta sassauci na grid na lantarki, shigar da ajiyar makamashi da manyan grid suna da mahimmanci don ba da damar amfani da fasahar canzawa, masu dogara da yanayi. Koyaya tallafin burbushin burbushin halittu yana jinkirta canjin makamashi.

 Ma'anar 
Canjin makamashi babban canji ne a cikin fasahohi da halayen da ake buƙata don maye gurbin tushen makamashi ɗaya da wani.: 202-203 Babban misali shine canji daga tsarin masana'antu wanda ya dogara da kayan gargajiya, iska, ruwa da ƙarfin tsoka zuwa tsarin masana'antar da ke da alamun inji, ƙarfin tururi da amfani da kwal.

IPCC ba ta ayyana ''canji makamashi a cikin ƙamus na Rahoton Bincike na shida ba amma ta ayyana sauyawa kamar haka: "Tsarin canzawa daga wata jiha ko yanayi zuwa wani a cikin wani lokaci. Canjin zai iya faruwa a cikin mutane, kamfanoni, birane, yankuna da ƙasashe, kuma zai iya dogara da canji ko canji. "

 Ci gaban kalmar 

Bayan rikicin man fetur a shekara ta 1973, 'yan siyasa da kafofin watsa labarai ne suka kirkiro kalmar canjin makamashi. Shugaban Amurka Jimmy Carter ne ya shahara a cikin jawabinsa na 1977 game da Kasa kan Makamashi, yana kira ga "duba baya cikin tarihi don fahimtar matsalar makamashi. Sau biyu a cikin daruruwan shekaru da suka gabata, an sami canji a hanyar da mutane ke amfani da makamashi ... Saboda yanzu muna gudu daga iskar gas da mai, dole ne mu shirya da sauri don canji na uku zuwa tsananin kiyayewa da sabuntawa na kwal da kuma tushen makamashi na dindindin kamar hasken rana.  Daga baya an sanya kalmar a duniya bayan girgi na biyu na 1979 a lokacin taron man fetur na Sabon makamashi da Sabon makamai na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Sabon Makamashi na Sabon Sources na Sabon Hasken rana.i 

Daga shekarun 1990s, muhawara kan harkar makamashi sun ƙara ɗaukar musayar canjin canjin yanayi. Parties to the agreement committed "to limit global warming to "well below 2 °C, preferably 1.5 °C compared to pre-industrial levels".[15] This requires a rapid energy transition with a downshift of fossil fuel production to stay within the carbon emissions budget.[16]
A cikin wannan mahallin, kalmar canjin makamashi'' ta ƙunshi sake fasalin Manufofin makamashi. Wannan na iya nuna canji daga tsakiya zuwa rarraba ƙarni. Har ila yau, ya haɗa da ƙoƙari na maye gurbin yawan samarwa da amfani da makamashi mai gujewa tare da matakan adana makamashi da haɓaka inganci.Louis Boisgibault, Fahad Al Kabbani (2020): Energy Transition in Metropolises, Rural Areas and Deserts. Wiley - ISTE. (Energy series) .

Canjin tarihi daga itace da aka samar a cikin gida, ruwa da makamashi na iska zuwa burbushin halittu da makaman nukiliya da aka samar da su a duniya ya haifar da ci gaba a cikin buƙatun amfani ta hanyar fadada binciken injiniya, ilimi da daidaitawa. Hanyoyin canje-canjen tsarin duka sun haɗa da sabon horo a cikin Injiniyancin Canji tsakanin dukkan sana'o'in injiniya, 'yan kasuwa, masu bincike da malamai.

Koyaya an yi jayayya cewa kalmar kalma ce kawai kuma maimakon sauyawa, tun daga shekara ta 2024, amfani da dukkan nau'ikan makamashi na farko ya karu.

 Misalan sauye-sauyen makamashi na baya 
Hanyoyin tarihi game da sauye-sauyen makamashi na baya an tsara su ta manyan maganganu guda biyu. Ɗaya yana jayayya cewa bil'adama ya sami sauye-sauyen makamashi da yawa a baya, yayin da ɗayan ya ba da shawarar kalmar "ƙarin makamashi" kamar yadda ya fi nuna canje-canje a samar da makamashi na duniya a cikin ƙarni uku da suka gabata.

 Manazarta 
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba