Sauyin yanayi na Xalapa

ko Jalapa (Turanci: /həˈlɑːpə/,  [xaˈlapa] i), a hukumance Xalapa-Enríquez (2" class="IPA-label IPA-label-small" data-ve-ignore="true">IPA: [xa=lapa enˈrikes]), ita ce babban birnin jihar Veracruz ta Mexico kuma sunan karamar hukuma da ke kewaye da ita. A cikin ƙidayar jama'a ta 2020 birnin ya ba da rahoton yawan jama'a 443,063 kuma karamar hukumar da yake aiki a matsayin wurin zama na gari ta ba da rahoton cewa yawan jama'ar 488,531. Garin yana da yanki na 118.45 km2. Xalapa tana kusa da cibiyar ƙasa ta jihar kuma ita ce birni na biyu mafi girma a jihar bayan birnin Veracruz zuwa kudu maso gabas. 
Sunan Xalapa ya fito ne daga tushen Nahuatl na gargajiya xālli (nah, 'yashi') da āpan (nah, 'wurin ruwa'), wanda ke nufin kusan 'bazara a cikin yashi'.  Ana kiran sa nah a cikin Nahuatl, ko da yake ana yawan barin ƙarshen /n/.  [ana binciken hujja] [citation need] An karɓi wannan cikin Mutanen Espanya azaman Xalapa.

Cikakken sunan birnin shine Xalapa-Enríquez, wanda aka ba shi don girmama gwamna daga karni na 19, Juan de la Luz Enríquez.  Laƙabin birnin, "Birnin furanni" (Spanish: La ciudad de las flores), Alexander von Humboldt ne ya ba shi, wanda ya ziyarci birnin 10 ga Fabrairu 1804. Maganar kuma tana da alaƙa da tsohuwar tarihin mulkin mallaka.  Bisa ga al'adun gargajiya, Mutanen Espanya sun yi imanin cewa Jalapa ita ce wurin haifuwa kuma gidan mafi kyawun mace a duniya, la Florecita, wanda a zahiri yana nufin 'karamin fure'.  Sunan mazaunan Xalapa ko Xalapeños ko Jalapeños, wanda kuma sunan da ake yi wa manyan barkonon tsohuwa da ake nomawa a wannan yanki.

 Tarihi 
Totonacs sun fara kafa kansu a kusa da Macuiltepetl ("dutse na biyar" a cikin Nahuatl).  Wannan dutsen mai fitattun wuta ya sami sunansa saboda Aztecs sun yi amfani da shi a matsayin dutse na biyar don isa gabar tekun Mexico. A yau an adana shi a cikin wurin shakatawa. A cikin karni na 14, 'yan asalin ƙasar huɗu sun zauna a yankin da ake kira Xalapa a yau. Kowane mutum ya gina ƙaramin ƙauye: Totonacas ne suka kafa Xalitic (a cikin yashi); a arewa maso gabashin Tecuanapan (kogin dabbobi) Toltecas ne suka gina shi, kuma Teochichimecas ne suka Kafa Tlalnecapan.

A kusa da shekara ta 1313, ƙauyuka huɗu sun girma tare kuma sun haɗu, sun kafa babban ƙauye mai suna Xallapan . Moctezuma Ilhuicamina, sarki na biyar na Aztec, ya mamaye yankin a lokacin rabi na biyu na karni na 15. Dukkanin ƙasar an mallake ta a matsayin wani ɓangare na Daular Aztec kafin isowa da cin nasara na Masu cin nasara na Mutanen Espanya.

A shekara ta 1519 Hernán Cortés ya wuce ta hanyar zuwa Tenochtitlan . Diaz, B., 1963, The Conquest of New Spain, London: Penguin Books,  : A cikin 1555 Mutanen Espanya Franciscans sun kammala gina wani gidan ibada, wani muhimmin taron a cikin Nueva España na wannan lokacin.
Lokacin da Mutanen Espanya suka mamaye, Xalapa ba ta da yawan jama'a. Yawan jama'a ya tashi bayan cin nasara da mulkin mallaka. Lokacin da Mutanen Espanya suka inganta hanyar Mexico-Orizaba-Veracruz, Xalapa ya ragu da muhimmancinsa a matsayin cibiyar sufuri, kuma yawan jama'arta ya tsaya a karni na 17.

Daga 1720 a kan Xalapa ya zama mafi mahimmanci, saboda kasuwanci tare da 'yan kasuwa daga New Spain da suka isa don siye da sayar da kayayyakin yankin.[1]  Iyalan Mutanen Espanya da yawa daga garuruwan da ke kusa sun zauna a Xalapa, don haka a shekara ta 1760 yawan jama'a ya karu zuwa fiye da mazauna 1,000, ciki har da mestizo da Mutanen Espanya.  Daga cikin abubuwan kasuwanci na gida akwai magungunan botanical musamman ipomoea purga tushen wani magani da aka sani a Turanci kamar Jalap.  Haɓaka Xalapa a cikin yawan jama'a, al'adu, kasuwanci da mahimmanci, ya ƙaru sosai a ƙarni na 18.  Da yake amsa buƙatun mazauna, Carlos IV na Spain ya ayyana Xalapa a matsayin gari a ranar 18 ga Disamba 1791. 

A shekara ta 1772, an fara gina Cocin Xalapa. A ranar 18 ga Mayu 1784, José María Alfaro ya sami balloon iska na farko a Amurka, a cikin iska, a Xalapa. Saboda yawan furanni da ke girma a yankin, Alexander von Humboldt, wanda ya ziyarci garin a ranar 10 ga Fabrairu 1804, ya yi masa baftisma da "birni na furanni".

A ranar 29 ga Nuwamba 1830 ta hanyar doka, an kira Xalapa birni. A cikin 1843, Don Antonio María de Rivera ya kafa Makarantar Al'ada ta Xalapa don horar da malamai. A yau tana aiki a matsayin makarantar shirye-shirye ga ɗalibai da ke zuwa kwaleji.

A cikin 1847, a lokacin Yaƙin Mexico da Amurka, Janar na Mexico Antonio López na Santa Anna ya yi ƙoƙari ya kayar da sojojin adawa a kusa da Xalapa a Yaƙin Cerro Gordo . Ya jagoranci sojoji sama da 12,000. Sojojin Mexico sun sha wahala da yawa; kimanin dubu daya ne aka kashe kuma dubu uku sun ji rauni a ranar 18 ga Afrilu 1847. Masu mamaye Amurka sun mamaye birnin washegari. Daga cikinsu akwai Lt. Ulysses S. Grant, daga baya kwamandan janar na sojojin Tarayyar a Yaƙin basasar Amurka . Wasiƙun Grant suna kiran Jalapa "da gaske wuri mafi kyau da na taɓa gani a rayuwata" da kuma yanayin sa "mafi kyau a duniya".
Xalapeños kamar su Ambrosio Alcalde da Antonio García sun yi yaƙi sosai don kare birnin Veracruz, amma an kama su a kurkuku. An sake su kuma an sake su, amma bayan sun sake komawa yaƙi da Amurka, an sake kama su a kusa da Teocelo, an kai su Xalapa, an yanke musu hukuncin kisa kuma an kashe su a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba 1847.  A yau ana tunawa da waɗannan maza biyu a matsayin shahidai. Wani obelisk yana tunawa da hadayarsu, tsakanin Cocin San Jose da Kasuwar Alcalde, mai suna Ambrosio Alcalde .  Sojojin Amurka sun ci gaba da tafiya don kama Mexico City kuma sun tashi bayan Yarjejeniyar Guadalupe Hidalgo .

A watan Nuwamba 1862 an kai hari kan Xalapa a mamayar Faransa; 'yan kasashen waje na ɗan lokaci sun mallaki babban birnin jihar. A ranar 27 ga Nuwamba 1867 gawar sarki Maximilian I na Mexico, wanda aka kashe a Querétaro, ya isa kuma an gudanar da shi a San José, wanda firist José María y Daza ya halarta, sannan aka tura shi Veracruz washegari. An mayar da gawar zuwa Austria don binnewa.
A cikin 1885 Janar Juan de la Luz Enríquez ya ƙaru tasirin Xalapa lokacin da ya motsa wasu hukumomin majalisa daga Orizaba zuwa Xalapa, bisa ga wata doka da aka bayar a watan Yuni 1884 ta Gwamna Juan Manuel Fernández de Jáuregui na wucin gadi.  Enríquez da malamin Swiss Enrique C. Rébsamen a cikin 1886 sun kafa Makarantar Al'ada a Xalapa, makarantar farko na irin wannan a cikin ƙasar.[1]  Enríquez ya mutu a cikin 1892, amma gina Makarantar Al'ada da kafa sauran makarantunta ya haifar da Xalapa da aka sani da cibiyar ilmantarwa, "Athens na Veracruz".".

A ranar 18 ga Mayu 1911, Francisco I. Madero ya ziyarci Xalapa . A ranar 21 ga Yuni na wannan shekarar wani karamin rikici ya faru tsakanin sojojin tarayya da masu juyin juya hali.
Xalapa tana da Yanayin teku (Cfb) wanda ke kan iyaka da Yanayin zafi mai zafi (Cfa) a ƙarƙashin rarraba yanayin Köppen. Yanayin yanayi a Xalapa yana da danshi, amma birnin yana da sanyi sosai saboda yana cikin tsaunuka sama da mita 1400 sama da matakin teku. Yanayin yanayi na iya canzawa, yana da matsakaicin zafin jiki na 38.4 ° C da mafi ƙarancin ya kasance daga 0 ° C zuwa 10 ° C, amma a matsakaita zafin jiki ba ya canzawa sosai a duk shekara tare da matsakaitan zafin shekara-shekara na 18 ° C. Lokacin zafi a Xalapa yakan faɗi tsakanin Maris kuma ya kai mafi girma a watan Mayu lokacin da matsakaicin ya kai 28 ° C kuma ƙasa da 16 ° C. Lokacin sanyi shine ƙarshen Disamba, Janairu da Fabrairu tare da matsakaicin matsakaicin 11 ° C da matsakaitan matsakaicin 21 ° C. Matafiya zuwa Xalapa gabaɗaya za su ga cewa yanayin da ya fi dacewa yana faruwa daga farkon Nuwamba zuwa tsakiyar Afrilu, kodayake za a ba su shawara sosai don kawo tufafi masu dumi, kamar yadda yanayin hunturu na dare na iya sauka zuwa kusa da 0 ° C.         

Matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara shine 1509.1 mm. A lokacin watanni masu sanyi ruwan sama yana da ƙarancin gaske, tare da Xalapa yana karɓar millimeters 42 kawai a watan Janairu da millimeters 38 a watan Fabrairu a matsakaici. Snow, duk da haka, ya zama ruwan dare a lokacin sanyi a waje da birnin a Perote, wanda ke kusa da minti 35 daga Xalapa. Da sassafe, Xalapa sau da yawa yana da hazo, yana ba shi yanayin dutse na musamman. Mafi yawan ruwan sama yana faruwa a lokacin watanni na rani, musamman a watan Yuni, lokacin da matsakaicin ruwan sama ya kai 328 millimeters, ya kasance mai girma har zuwa tsakiyar Satumba. 

 Garin 
Xalapa tana cikin gabashin tsakiyar Mexico, kimanin kilomita 55 (89  arewa maso yammacin Birnin Veracruz. kuma kusan kilomita 350 daga Birnin Mexico. Garin Xalapa yana da yanki na murabba'in kilomita 118.45 wanda ya ƙunshi 0.16% na jihar Veracruz. Yana da iyaka zuwa arewa tare da Banderilla, Jilotepec da Naolinco, zuwa gabas tare da Actopan da Emiliano Zapata, zuwa kudu tare da Coatepec da yamma tare da Tlalnelhuayocan . 
Situated east, about  away along Mexican Federal Highway 140 is the Cofre de Perote National Park. The park covers an area of , and consists of mainly forested mountains and hills. Its highest point of Cerro de Macuiltépetl rises 1522 metres above sea level. Other hills of prominence include the Cerro de Acalotépetl and the Cerro Colorado.

Daga Xalapa kuma zaka iya ganin Pico de Orizaba, mafi girman tudu a Mexico (5,366m ko 18,490 feet). Har ila yau, ita ce ta uku mafi girma a Arewacin Amurka.

Hydrographically, there are numerous streams and springs which are in the area around the city. These include the rivers: Sedeño River, Carneros River, Sordo River, Santiago River, Zapotillo River, Castillo River and the Coapexpan River, 3 artificial lakes and the springs Chiltoyac, Ánimas, Xallitic, Techacapan and Tlalnecapan. Jalcomulco is located  southeast of Xalapa which has numerous natural features, such as the mouth of the Pescados River. Cascada de Texolo (Texolo Waterfall) is located  southwest of Xalapa, in the town of Xico. It is an  waterfall that drops into a lush canyon, home to numerous animal species.

 Yawan jama'a 
Tare da yawan mutane 443,063 a cikin Xalapa City da mazauna 488,531 a cikin gari a shekarar 2020, Xalapa ita ce birni na biyu mafi girma da kuma karamar hukuma dangane da yawan jama'a a Veracruz. Akwai yankuna 63, 6 an rarraba su a matsayin birane kuma 57 an rarrabasu a matsayin karkara, ban da Xalapa-Enríquez, wasu yankuna sun haɗa da Santa Bárbara (13,783 mazauna), El Castillo (6,957 mazauna), Lomas Verdes (6,502 mazauna) da Las Fuentes (3,614 mazauna).  6,542 an rarraba su a matsayin masu zama a cikin gidajen 'yan asalin ƙasar, 2,673 daga cikinsu suna magana da yaren' yan asalin ƙasar.

Xalapa shine babban yanki na babban birni, wanda tare da gundumomin Banderilla, Coatepec, Coacoatzintla, Emiliano Zapata, Jilotepec, Rafael Lucio, Tlalnelhuayocan da Xico suna da yawan mazaunan 789,157 a matsayin 2020, yanki na biyu mafi girma a cikin jihar Vercru.

 Tattalin Arziki 
Sau da yawa ana kiran Xalapa "Flower Garden of Mexico"  kuma furanni suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tattalin arziki. Xalapa yana daya daga cikin mahimman wurare don Samar da kofi a Mexico saboda kyakkyawan yanayi, kuma ana shuka wake kofi a kan ƙananan mallakar da manyan gidaje a cikin tsaunuka da ke kewaye. Har ila yau, masana'antar taba suna cikin tattalin arzikin yankin tare da aiwatar da samar da sigari, da kuma girma da 'ya'yan itatuwa na wurare masu zafi. Ana kuma samar da abinci da abin sha a Xalapa.

Mutane da yawa a Xalapa suna aiki da gwamnati, tunda ita ce babban birnin jihar. Xalapa kuma shine shugaban daya daga cikin sassan yanki guda biyar na Kotun Zabe (mataki a ƙasa da Kotun Koli). Wannan yanki ya ƙunshi jihohi 7: Campeche, Chiapas, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, Veracruz da Yucatán. Sauran kujerun yanki sune Mexico City, Toluca, Monterrey da Guadalajara.
Birnin cibiyar kasuwanci ce mai tasowa kuma kamfanoni da yawa na ƙasashe masu yawa suna da manyan shagunan sayar da kayayyaki da gidajen cin abinci a cikin birni.

Xalapa kuma yana da yawan silima, wasu daga cikinsu suna da girman gaske, irin su Cinepolis Museum (screens 10), Cinepolis the Americas (screens 16), da sauran sinima, irin su XTreme Cinema a Crystal da Cinetix a Plaza Animas, wanda shine gidan wasan kwaikwayo na gida.  Hakanan akwai kantunan dillalai da yawa a Xalapa: Plaza Crystal, Plaza Museo, Plaza Animas (LA Fashion), Plaza Américas, da Plaza los Arcos.

Babban kantin sayar da kayayyaki na Chedraui yana cikin Xalapa . 
Sashin masana'antuAyyuka na yau da kullun% na yawan jama'a Masana'antu na FarkoAikin noma, kiwon shanu, farauta da kamun kifi4.21Masana'antu na biyuMa'adinai na man fetur, hakar da iskar gas, masana'antu, masana'antar, wutar lantarki, ruwa da gini19%Masana'antu na ukuKasuwanci, sufuri da sadarwa, kudi, zamantakewa da Ayyukan gudanarwa70%Ba a bayyana ba -2.9%
Laguna Verde Nuclear Power Plant (LVNPP) a kusa da Alto Lucero, Veracruz, yana samar da kusan 4.5% na wutar lantarki ta Mexico.

 Al'adu 
An san Xalapa da "Athens na Veracruz" saboda tasirin al'adu na babbar jami'arta, Universidad Veracruzana (babban jami'ar jama'a a Jihar Veracruz). Janar Enriquez an san shi da manufofi da ke ƙarfafa tsarin ilimi a Xalapa.

A al'adu, Xalapa tana da abubuwa iri-iri da suka shafi gidan wasan kwaikwayo, gidajen tarihi, da zane-zane na titi. Yawancin mawaƙa da masu rawa suna yin wasan kwaikwayo a cibiyar da dare, musamman a lokuta na musamman da abubuwan da suka faru na bikin ko tunawa; galibi suna rawa da fandango.

Art yana da mabiya sosai a Xalapa. Gidan, Pinacoteca Diego Rivera, wanda ke kusa da City Hall da Parque Juárez a cikin gari, yana da tarin mafi yawan zane-zanen Diego Rivera a duk Mexico.

 Halitta 
Ranar idin San José, Idin Manzo Santiago, Idin Zuciyar Yesu, Conception of Maria, da Expo-Fair International duk ana yin bikin a cikin birni.  Wani muhimmin biki na addini shine ranar 8 ga Disamba, Idin Mutuwar Tsari, bikin Maryamu Uwar Allah mataimaki na birni.  A ranar 24 ga Oktoba an yi bikin San Rafael Guizar da Valencia, tare da dubban mutane daga ko'ina cikin Mexico sun ziyarci kabarinsu da ke cikin wani coci a cikin babban coci.  Cathedral ya kasance a buɗe duk dare da rana yayin wannan taron.

 Abincin 
Xalapa shine wurin asalin sanannen albasa na jalapeño .  Abincin da aka yi da masara: , , pasties, , da kaza sun zama ruwan dare. Abincin da ake cinyewa a yankin yawanci yana da ɗanɗano kamar cake da  da kayan zaki kamar 'ya'yan itace,  da .

 Shahararrun wuraren birni 

 Cocin Xalapa ya haɗu da ƙirar Baroque da Neo-Gothic da aka gina a cikin 1773. Yana da hasumiyar agogo, agogo ta samo asali ne daga Ingila.
 Callejón Diamante (lit. Diamond Alley) yana daya daga cikin tituna masu yawa da dare saboda yanayin Bohemian tare da cafes da kuma mulkin mallaka na masu fasaha. Callejón Jesús te Ampare wata titi ce da ke kusa da Cocin San José .
 Patio Muñoz unguwa ce da aka gina a karni na 19, tare da mafi yawan gine-ginen asali ba tare da lalacewa ba. A nan ana gudanar da bita a cikin zane-zane na Veracruz, rawa da kiɗa.
 Parque Juárez wani wurin shakatawa ne a tsakiyar Xalapa .  Parque Juárez shine wurin da ake zaune a gidan ibada na San Francisco . Tana cikin unguwanni huɗu mafi tsufa na birnin. Gidan lambu na tsakiya yana da manyan itatuwan burbushin biri, wuraren zane-zane, agora, bita, ɗakin taro da cafe.
 Jardín de Esculturas (Gidan Aljanna) gidan kayan gargajiya ne da aka keɓe don zane-zane, yana nuna ayyukan da aka sani da masu fasaha na ƙasa da na duniya suka yi.
 Kaná, Museo de Ciencia y Tecnología (Fasaha da Kimiyya Museo) suna da tauraron dan adam tare da allon IMAX, yana nuna shirye-shiryen ilimi.
 A cikin Paseo de los Lagos, akwai tsohuwar madatsar ruwa. A yau yana da hanyoyin da ke kewaye da itatuwa masu ganye, kewaye da tabkuna uku da maɓuɓɓugar ruwa mai laushi.
 Parque de los Tecajetes yana cikin wani yanayi ko kwari na wannan sunan a tsakiyar birnin. A ƙasa akwai maɓuɓɓugar ruwa mai laushi wanda ke ciyar da hanyoyin ruwa, tafkuna na wucin gadi da hanyoyin shakatawa na wurin shakatawa.
 Gidan kayan gargajiya na Xalapa yana da tarin kayan tarihi mafi girma daga al'adun Gulf Coast na Mexico kamar Olmec, Huastec da Totonac tare da fiye da 25,000. Abubuwan da suka fi shahara a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya sune manyan kawunan Olmec da ƙananan Totonac. Wasu daga cikin ɓangarorin da ke cikin gidan kayan gargajiya sun samo asali ne daga farkon zamanin Pre-Classic daga 1300 BC -900 BC.
 Kusa da shi akwai Hacienda del Lencero Mai shi na farko shi ne Juan Lencero, soja na Hernán Cortés . A shekara ta 1842 Antonio López na Santa Anna ya sayi shi don pesos 45,000. A yau, gidan kayan gargajiya ne wanda ke nuna kayan aiki da kayan mutum daga karni na 19. Har ila yau, yana da ɗakin sujada, lambuna masu faɗi da tafkin da ke kewaye da dukiyar wanda ya haɗa da wani mutum-mutumi na Gabriela Mistral wanda ya shafe lokaci a can yayin da yake gudun hijira.
 Jardín Botánico Clavijero (Clavijero Botanical Garden) yana da muhimmiyar tarin tsire-tsire na yanki tare da sassan da aka keɓe ga furanni masu ban sha'awa na Mexico, wuraren tsaunuka da aka sake ginawa a Xalapa, ferns da mafi yawan nau'ikan bishiyoyi a Mexico.

 Gidajen shakatawa da lambuna 

 Gidan lambu na Xalapa
 Gidan shakatawa na Juárez
 Gidan shakatawa na Los Berros
 Gidan shakatawa na "Cerro del Macuiltépec"
 Hanyar tafiya ta Los Lagos
 Gidan shakatawa na "El Haya"
 Gidan shakatawa "Natura"
 Gidajen Jami'ar Veracruzana
 Gidan shakatawa "Tejar Garnica"
 Gidan zane-zane
 Gidan shakatawa na Los Tecajetes
 Gidan shakatawa na María Enriqueta
 Gidan shakatawa na juyin juya hali
 Gidan shakatawa na Bicentenario
 Filin wasa na Xalapeño 

 Wasanni 
Xalapa gida ce ga Halcones UV Xalapa, ƙungiyar ƙwararrun ƙwararrun kwando. Suna wasa a cikin LNBP

 An kirkiro kungiyar ne a shekara ta 2003 kuma an sanya ta 3 a cikin LNBP
 A shekara ta 2004 sun kasance zakara na kudancin, kuma sun kasance na biyu a cikin LNBP
 A shekara ta 2005 sun kasance zakara na kudancin kuma zakara na LNBP
 A shekara ta 2006 sun kasance zakara na kudancin, kuma sun kasance na biyu a LNBP. Sun kuma sanya na biyu a cikin Copa Independencia LNBP
 A cikin 2007 - 2008 sun kasance zakara na kudancin kuma zakara na LNBP
 A cikin 2008 - 2009 sun kasance zakara na kudancin kuma zakara na LNBP. Sun kuma sanya na biyu a cikin FIBA de las Americas .

Xalapa kuma tana da wuraren wasanni da yawa. Ya zuwa shekara ta 2005, birnin yana da filayen ƙwallon ƙafa 25, filayen volleyball 95, kotunan kwando 95, filayen baseball 36, da filayen amfani da yawa 29.

Har ila yau, birnin yana da dakunan motsa jiki 12, wuraren shakatawa 7, da kuma sanannen Filin wasa na Heriberto Jara Corona, wanda aka kaddamar 1921-1925.

Sportspeople of note hailing from Xalapa include Armando Fernández (an Olympic wrestler), Eulalio Ríos Alemán (an Olympic swimmer and at some time butterfly-stroke record holder in the US, inducted into the Ft. Lauderdale's International Swimming Hall of Fame), and the track and field athlete Luis Hernández.[<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2025)">citation needed</span>]

Every four years the Central American Games take place in cities all over Central America and the Caribbean. In 2012 Veracruz was chosen to host these games in 2014. Several events took place in Xalapa. The Track Cycling was held in the Velodrome, the Modern Pentathlon Swimming took place in the University Swimming Pool, the Athletics trials in the Hilberto Jara Corona Stadium, and Badminton and Table Tennis in the Omega Complex. All of this brought recognition in the sports world to Xalapa.[<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2025)">citation needed</span>]

The Cuban athlete Sandra Mustelier, a member of the table tennis team, decided to flee the hotel where her team was staying two days before the opening of the Central American Games in Veracruz. The 28-year-old athlete did not collect her accreditation in Veracruz, a situation for which her teammates located her immediately by phone. When contacted, Mustelier herself informed her team of her defection. No investigation was undertaken by the Mexican authorities regarding this situation. Mustelier was considered to be a strong contender to win medals in table tennis.[<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2025)">citation needed</span>]

 Sufuri 
Birnin yana da alaƙa da babbar hanyar 140-D tare da biranen Veracruz, Puebla da Mexico City. Hakanan Hanyar 140 tana ba da hanyar haɗi tsakanin waɗannan biranen.

Kamfanonin bas da yawa suna zaune a Xalapa ciki har da Servicio Urbano de Xalapa (SUX);  Auto-Transportes Banderilla (ATB);  launin rawaya da kore na Interbus,  Auto-Transports Miradores Del Mar;  da Transportes Rápidos de Veracruz (TRV)  da sauransu da yawa.

Birnin Xalapa yana aiki da karamin filin jirgin sama, Filin jirgin saman El Lencero,  wanda ke da minti 15 ta hanyar hanya daga birnin. A halin yanzu babu kamfanin jirgin sama na kasuwanci da ke aiki da shi.

 Kula da lafiya 
Cibiyoyin gwamnati na bangaren kiwon lafiya da ke ba da sabis sune: . 

 Cibiyar Tsaro ta Mexico ta IMSS,
 Cibiyar Tsaro da Ayyukan Jama'a ta Ma'aikatan Jiha ISSSTE,
 Cibiyar Kwarewar Kwarewa ta CAE (tsohon Cibiyar Kwararrun Likitoci ta CEM),
 Man fetur na Mexico FEMEX,
 Sakatariyar Tsaro ta Kasa ta SDN
 Sakatariyar Lafiya ta Veracruz SESVER,
 Cibiyar Maidowa da Ilimi na Musamman ta Veracruz CREVERI,
 Tsarin don Ci gaban Cikakken Iyali DIF . 

A cikin kamfanoni masu zaman kansu karamar hukumar ta ƙidaya kan muhimman cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya kamar:

 Sanatorium San Francisco,
 Asibitin Amurka,
 Cibiyar kula da cututtuka ta Las Palmas,
 Asibitin Clinical na Muhimmanci,
 Red Cross na Mexico,
 Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Xalapa,
 Asibitin Millennium
 Asibitin Ángeles . 

 Jami'o'i 

 Jami'ar Anáhuac
 Jami'ar Athens Veracruzana
 Jami'ar Latin Amurka
 Benemérita Makarantar Normal Veracruzana "Enrique C. Rébsamen"
 Jami'ar Cálmecac
 Cibiyar Abinci ta Xalapa
 Cibiyar Nazarin Hispano-Anglo-Faransa
 Jami'ar CLAES
 Kwalejin Veracruz
 Jami'ar IVES
 Makarantar Kimiyya ta Siyasa da Gudanar da Gwamnati ta Ote.
 Makarantar Zane na Fashi Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz
 Jami'ar Eurohispanoamericana
 Jami'ar Gestalt
 Jami'ar Tekun Mexico, Campus Xalapa
 Jami'ar Hernán Cortés
 Cibiyar Nazarin Sama ta Morelos
 Jami'ar Metropolitana Xalapa
 Cibiyar Nazarin Kiɗa ta Jihar Veracruz
 Cibiyar Fasaha ta Xalapa
 Fasahar Xalapa
 Jami'ar Paccioli Xalapa
 Jami'ar Koyarwa ta Veracruzana
 Jami'ar Filadelfia
 Jami'ar Veracruzana
 Jami'ar Xalapa

 Kafofin watsa labarai 

 Jarida 
Shahararrun jaridu da aka samar ko aka rarraba a Xalapa sun haɗa da www. Xalapa MX Jaridar Xalapa, Jaridar AZ, Jaridar Portal na Xalapa. Hakanan, muhimmiyar hukumar labarai a kan layi, kamar RadioVer www.radiover.com da mujallar Revista Era www.revistaera.com t

 Rediyo 
Birnin yana aiki da tashoshin rediyo da yawa ciki har da:

FM:

 90.5 Rediyon Jami'ar Veracruzana
 91.7 Amor (Rukunin Acir) 
 95.5 Jin HD (Oliva Radio) 
 96.9 Digital 96.9 (AvanRadio) 
 97.7 La Máquina (AvanRadio) 
 98.5 ONE FM (AvanRadio) 
 104.9 El Patron FM (Oliva Radio) 
 107.7 Rediyo Más (Rediyo-Television na Veracruz) 

AM:

 550 W Rediyo (AvanRadio) 
 610 Ke Buena (AvanRadio) 
 1040 OK Rediyo (AvanRadio) 
 1130 Yo FM 1130 AM (Rukunin Rediyo Capital) 
 1210 El Patrón (Oliva Radio) 
 1460 ABC Xalapa Rediyo (Rukunin ABC) 
 1550 Rediyo Jami'ar Veracruzana

 Talabijin 
Tashoshin talabijin sun hada da:

 Tashar XHGV-TV 4 - RTV
 XHAJ-TV tashar 5 - Televisa na Yankin
 XHAH-TV tashar 7 - Tashar Taurari
 Tashar XHAI-TV 9 - Tashar 5
 Tashar XHCPE-TV 11 - Azteca 7
 Tashar XHIC-TV 13 - Azteca 13
 Tashar XHCLV-TV 22 - Galavisión

Ayyukan Cable sun haɗa da:

 Megacable (Cable TV) 
 Super Cable (Cable TV) 
 UltraVisión (Cable TV) 
 Sky (Satellite TV) 
 Cibiyar Dish (Satellite TV) 

 Shahararrun mutane daga Xalapa 

Rukuni:Biranen Mexico
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba