Gwamnatin Keating

Gwamnatin Keating ita ce gwamnatin zartaswa ta tarayya ta Ostiraliya karkashin jagorancin Firayim Minista Paul Keating na Jam'iyyar Labour ta Australia daga 1991 zuwa 1996. Gwamnati ta biyo baya daga gwamnatin Hawke bayan Paul Keating ya maye gurbin Bob Hawke a matsayin shugaban jam'iyyar Labour a cikin ƙalubalen shugabancin jam'iyyar a cikin 1991. Tare, waɗannan gwamnatocin biyu galibi ana bayyana su a matsayin gwamnatin Hawke-Keating . An ci gwamnatin Keating a zaben tarayya na 1996 kuma gwamnatin hadin gwiwa ta John Howard ta gaje shi.

 Fage 
Keating ya shiga majalisar ne a shekarar 1969, yana da shekaru 25 kacal, lokacin da ya lashe kujerar Blaxland na jam'iyyar Labour ta Australia. Ya ci gaba da zama minista na Arewacin Ostiraliya a cikin kwanaki na ƙarshe na gwamnatin Whitlam a cikin 1975. Keating sannan ya yi aiki na tsawon lokaci a cikin Ma'aikatar Shadow ta cikin lokacin gwamnatin Fraser, wanda ya ƙare a nadinsa a matsayin Ma'ajin Shadow a cikin Janairu 1983. Labour, wanda Bob Hawke ya jagoranta ya ci gaba da kayar da Fraser a lokacin zabe na 19 mai tsawo da kuma sabis na tarayya na Keating Ma'aji.

Keating ba shi da cancantar shiga jami'a kuma a baya makwanni uku yana aiki a matsayin minista.  Duk da haka, Keating ya lura da wasu muhimman canje-canje a cikin tattalin arzikin Ostiraliya, ciki har da iyo na dalar Australiya da kuma shirin ƙaddamar da tattalin arzikin Ostiraliya: ciki har da sayar da kadarorin da raguwa a cikin jadawalin kuɗin fito. Ya kafa haɗin gwiwa mai ƙarfi tare da Hawke don isar da gyare-gyare da yawa; daga baya, da farko Hawke ya amince ya tsaya takara bayan zaben 1990 a cikin goyon bayan Keating, amma daga baya ya yi watsi da wannan shawara, wanda ya haifar da tashin hankali tsakanin su biyun. A ranar 3 ga Yuni 1991, Keating ya kalubalanci Hawke don jagoranci, ya rasa kuri'a kuma ya koma baya. Bayan watanni shida ya sake kalubalantar Hawke, inda a wannan karon ya lashe shugabancin jam'iyyar Labour, ya kuma zama firaministan Australia na 24. 

 Sharuɗɗan a ofis 
Bayan nasarar da ya samu a shugabancin jam'iyyar Labour a watan Disamba 1991, Keating ya ci gaba da jagorantar jam'iyyar Labour zuwa zaben tarayya na 1993 . Jam'iyyar Liberal ta samu kujeru 80 yayin da jam'iyyar Liberal ta samu kujeru 49 da kujeru 16 da jam'iyyar National Party ta samu kujeru 16 .

Shekaru uku bayan haka, Keating ya sake jagorantar jam'iyyar zuwa zaɓen tarayya na 1996, wanda jam'iyyar Liberal-National Coalition karkashin jagorancin John Howard ta sha kaye sosai: 'Yan sassaucin ra'ayi sun sami kujeru 75, jam'iyyar National Party kuma ta sami ƙarin 19 zuwa Labour ta 49. Keating sannan ya yi murabus daga majalisar a ranar 23 ga Afrilu. 

 Al'adu da al'umma 
Ajandar gwamnati karkashin Keating sun hada da samar da jamhuriyar Ostireliya, sasantawa da 'yan asalin Ostireliya, da kuma kara alakar tattalin arziki da al'adu da Asiya. Keating da magoya bayansa sun tsara tsarinsa na manufofin zamantakewa a matsayin siyasa "Babban Hoto".  Keating ya fara wani shirin majalisa wanda ya haɗa da kafa Hukumar Horar da Harkokin Kasuwanci ta Australiya (ANTA) da manufofin al'adu na Ƙirƙirar Ƙasa a cikin Oktoba 1994 (wanda ya kara yawan kudade don zane-zane, ya kafa SBS mai zaman kanta da kuma ware kudade don Ƙungiyar Harkokin Watsa Labarai ta Australiya da sauran sababbin hanyoyin watsa labaru ).  Gwamnati kuma ta dauki nauyin sake duba Dokar Wariya ta Jima'i ta 1984, da kuma kafa haƙƙin mallaka na asali ga ƴan asalin ƙasar Australiya biyo bayan hukuncin babbar kotun Mabo .

 Republican kishin kasa 
A cikin Fabrairu 1992, Paul Keating ya sanar da cewa yana son Ostiraliya ta canza tutar ƙasarta saboda tana ɗauke da Union Jack a cikin ƙirarta. Daga baya a wannan watan, Sarauniya Elizabeth ta biyu ta ziyarci Ostiraliya don bikin cika shekaru 150 na Majalisar Sydney kuma Keating ya gai da Sarauniyar da jawabi inda ya yi magana kan bunkasa "manufa ta kasa" da "'yancin kai" a Australia. Daga nan ne 'yan jaridun Burtaniya suka zarge shi da saba ka'ida ta hanyar sanya hannunsa a bayan Sarauniyar.   Lokacin da aka tambaye shi game da waɗannan abubuwan da suka faru a Majalisar a ranar 27 ga Fabrairu 1992, Keating ya ƙaddamar da watsi da dangantakar Australiya da Biritaniya kuma ya kira masu sassaucin ra'ayi "' bootlickers" da "lickspitters" kuma ya zarge su da "al'adar al'adu ga wata ƙasa wadda ta yanke shawarar kada ta kare tsibirin Malay, kada mu damu da Singapore, kada mu ba mu 'yanci daga mulkin Jafananci".  'Yan adawa na Liberal-National, wanda Dr John Hewson ya jagoranta, ya kira tsarin jamhuriyar "damuwa" daga matsalolin tattalin arziki na Ostiraliya, ya soki harin Keating a kan yunkurin yakin Birtaniya a matsayin almara kuma ya yi jayayya cewa Australiya ta riga ta sami 'yancin kai daga Birtaniya. Michael Kirby ne ya kafa Ostiraliya don Masarautar Tsarin Mulki don magance motsin jamhuriyar. Jam'iyyar Republican ta kasance ta zama mabuɗin manufa ta al'adun Keating ga Ostiraliya. 

Tare da House of Windsor fama da 1992 annus horribilis, da jamhuriya dalilin ya zama yadu goyon baya a cikin al'umma ta jaridu, amma Keating's comments game da tutar da kuma Birtaniya yaki rikodin fusata kungiyoyin kamar Returned Services League (RSL), wanda har yanzu membobinsu kunshi tsohon soja na farko da na biyu World Wars, da kuma sanar da dakatar da jamhuriyar jamhuriyoyin9 daga jamhuriya Day9. kuma da yawa daga cikin masu lura da al'amura sun ce kalaman Keating ba su da hankali a kan dalilai kamar nutsewar HMS Yariman Wales da HMS Repulse a cikin tsaron Singapore. Shugaban RSL, Brigadier Alf Garland, ya kira Keating "babban dan jamhuriyar Ireland". A ranar 27 ga Afrilun 1992, Keating ya ziyarci Kokoda a wani gagarumin yunƙuri na kawar da tunanin tunawa da yaƙin Ostiraliya daga rawar da take takawa wajen taimaka wa Biritaniya a Gallipoli da Turai a yakin duniya na farko da kuma yaƙin yaƙin Pasifik na Australiya, da yaƙin neman zaɓe na New Guinea wanda ya ga sojojin Australia sun dakatar da ci gaban sojojin Japan. 

 Wa'adi na biyu da zaben 1996 
Tattalin arzikin da ba shi da kyau, tsarin jamhuriya, taken ƴan asalin ƙasar, da manufofin dangantakar masana'antu sune manyan batutuwan wa'adi na biyu na gwamnatin Keating. 

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba