Mutanen Saro

Saro, ko Nigerian Creoles na karni na 19 da farkon 20th, 'yan Afirka ne da aka 'yantar da su kuma da farko sojojin ruwa na Royal Navy suka sake tsugunar da su a Freetown, Saliyo, wanda, tare da Yammacin Afirka Squadron, ya tilasta soke cinikin bayi na kasa da kasa bayan majalisar dokokin Burtaniya ta zartar da dokar cinikin bayi a shekarar 1807. 1830s, ya zama sananne a cikin gida da Saro (siffar Saliyo, daga Yarbawa sàró). Saboda haka, Saro sun fito ne a al'adance daga Saliyo Creoles, tushen kakanni ga kabilar Yarbawa na Najeriya.A Saro community in the Niger Delta

An kuma san wata al'umma mai alaƙa da Amaro, kuma sun kasance baƙi daga Brazil da CubaFalola, Toyin (2016). Encyclopedia of the Yoruba. Bloomington: Indiana University  Saro da Amaro kuma sun zauna a wasu kasashen yammacin Afirka irin su Gold Coast (Ghana). Galibi an ‘yantar da su tare da mayar da bayi daga kasashen yammacin Afirka da Latin Amurka daban-daban kamar Saliyo, Brazil da Cuba. 'Yan Afirka da aka 'dawo' daga Brazil an fi saninsu da "Agudas", daga kalmar àgùdà a cikin harshen Yarbanci. Yawancin 'yan asalin Latin Amurka da suka dawo ko kuma Amaro sun fara ƙaura zuwa Afirka bayan an kawar da bauta a nahiyar, yayin da wasu daga Yammacin Afirka, ko Saro, aka sake kama su tare da 'yantar da bayin da suka kasance a Saliyo. Yawancin wadanda suka dawo sun zabi komawa Najeriya ne saboda dalilai na al'adu da na mishan da kuma tattalin arziki. Da yawa, idan ba mafi rinjaye ba, asalinsu sun fito ne daga kabilar Yarbawa na yammaci da tsakiyar Najeriya. Sauran kungiyoyin Najeriya da suka zama wani bangare na al'ummar Saliyo da Krio na Gambia sun hada da Efik, Igbo, Hausa da Nupe.

Wadanda suka dawo galibi suna zaune ne a yankin Legas Colony, mai yawan jama'a a Abeokuta da Ibadan. Wasu kuma sun zauna a Calabar, Fatakwal da sauran garuruwan yankin Neja Delta. Ko da yake da yawa sun kasance asali sadaukarwar Anglophiles a Najeriya, daga baya sun rungumi dabi'ar 'yan asali da kishin kasa kan al'amuran Najeriya saboda karuwar nuna wariya a cikin 1880s, Matory, Lorand, "The English Professors of Brazil: On the Diasporic Roots of the Yoruba Nation", Comparative Studies in Society and History, Vol. 41, No. 1, January 1999 kuma daga baya aka san su da masu kishin al'adu.

Rayuwa a Saliyo

Misali na 1835 na ’yantattun bayi da suka isa Saliyo.
Yayin da suke zaune a Saliyo, yawancin mazauna Creole sun shiga cikin bangaskiyar Kirista sakamakon aikin mishan na Burtaniya, waɗanda suka kafa wasu Coci-coci, ƴan makarantun nahawu da cibiyar koyar da majagaba, Kwalejin Fourah Bay. Dangane da haka, ba da da ewa ba mazauna Saliyo sun sami ci gaba cikin sauri a ilimin ƙasashen Yamma kuma ba da daɗewa ba sun sami horo da gogewa a fannin likitanci, shari'a, da aikin gwamnati.Falola, Toyin (2016). Encyclopedia of the Yoruba. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. p. 4. ISBN 9780253021441 ] Yawancinsu sun kammala karatun nahawu kuma sun zama ma'aikatan gudanarwa don sha'awar masarautar Burtaniya a cikin ƙasar. A tsakiyar karni na goma sha tara, wasu daga cikin malaman Afirka a Saliyo sun fara yin kaura zuwa Najeriya, musamman ma yankin Legas da ke mulkin mallaka saboda dalilai na tattalin arziki; wasu ma’aikatan gudanarwa ne da aka mayar da su Legas. Wani balaguro na kogin Nijar da Ajayi Crowther ya yi ya ƙara yawan sha’awar wa’azin bishara ga ’yan Saliyo da yawa zuwa Nijeriya, da yawa daga cikinsu sun shiga ’yan mishan da ƙoƙarinsu."Samuel Ajayi Crowther: African and Yoruba Missionary Bishop"

Rayuwa a Legas da Abeokuta

Legas ta kasance wuri mai mahimmanci kuma muhimmin wurin kamun kifi ga asalin waɗanda suka kafa, Awori. Baƙi Awori ne suka kafa ta a matsayin cibiyar kamun kifi a ƙarni na sha shida. Daga baya garin ya zama wani babban tushe na tattalin arziki da shige da fice daga kabilun da ke kusa karkashin jagorancin Ijebus, sai Ijaw, Binis, da Egbas. Ciniki da Turawa ya kuma kara habaka kasuwancin birnin.Faluyi, Kehinde, Migrants and the Economic Development of Lagos, From the Earliest of Times to 1880, p.  A shekarar 1880, Legas ta riga ta zama birni mai tarin yawa. Bakin haure na Saliyo sun fara ƙaura zuwa Legas a cikin 1840s. Yawancin bakin hauren ’yan asalin Egba da Oyo ne, wasu kuma sun san al’adun Yarabawa. Sun yi daidai da Yarbawa, kuma tare da horo da hulɗar da suka yi da Birtaniya a Saliyo, sun sami damar zama wani ɓangare na al'ummar mulkin mallaka. Wadanda suka dawo sun fi mayar da hankali ne kan kasuwanci kuma sun tashi sun zama ’yan kasuwa tsakanin mazauna Legas, Abeokuta da kuma yankin da Ingila ta yi wa mulkin mallaka a Freetown, Saliyo.
Agiri, Babatunde "The Introduction of Nitida Kola into Nigerian Agriculture, 1880–1920",  Dixon-Fyle, Mac, "The Saro in the Political Life of Early Port Harcourt, 1913–49", The Journal of African History, Vol. 30, No. 1, p. 126
A Legas, Saro ya zaɓi Ebute Metta, Olowogbowo, da Yaba a matsayin ƙauyuka na farko.,Faluyi, p Mafi yawan al'adun Egba, sun kafa wasu tsoffin majami'u a Legas kuma sun fadada aikin mishan na Burtaniya a Najeriya. Har ila yau Saro ya fito a matsayin babbar kungiyar kasuwanci a Legas. Bayan sun ɓullo da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaura, suna da iyaka a matsayin matafiya waɗanda ke iya shiga cikin gida don saduwa da masu kera kayayyaki da ƴan kasuwa daban-daban kai tsaye. Su ne ’yan kasuwa na kudancin Najeriya na farko a Kola, amfanin gona na tsabar kudi wanda daga baya ya fito a matsayin kayan masarufi mai mahimmanci kuma mai mahimmanci ga yankin Yammacin Turai a farkon karni na ashirin.African Economic History Saro ya gabatar da amfanin gonar da aka sayo daga hannun Hausawa ‘yan kasuwa da ke fadin kogin Neja zuwa noman Kudancin Najeriya. Saros ne ya shirya gonakin Kola na farko da babban kamfani a Kola. Mai su, Mohammed Shitta Bey, shi kansa Saro ne. Har ila yau Saros ba su daina sha'awar neman ilimin Yammacin Turai ba saboda sun mamaye sa'o'in da aka bude wa 'yan Afirka. Sun kasance lauyoyi, likitoci, da ma'aikatan gwamnati. The educated elite and associational life in early Lagos newspapers : in search of unity for the progress ofsociety Dixon-Fyle, Mac, "The Saro in the Political Life of Early Port Harcourt, 1913–49", The Journal of African History, Vol. 30, No. 1, p.  Derrick, Jonathan, "The 'Native Clerk' in Colonial West Africa", African Affairs, Vol. 82, No. 326
Derrick, Jonathan, "The 'Native Clerk' in Colonial
Rikici ya barke a yammacin Najeriya
Tun da farko, Saro da suka sami ilimin Yammacin Turai da kuma al'adun Turai a lokacin da suke Saliyo, sun fara nuna halaye na uba a cikin dangantakar su da mazaunan Legas. Rashin girmamawa da aka yi wa wasu ’yan Legas ya sa aka kori Saro daga Legas a cikin 1850, kodayake ba da daɗewa ba suka dawo.Vlach, John Michael, "The Brazilian House in Nigeria: The Emergence of a 20th-Century Vernacular House Type", The Journal of American Folklore, Vol. 97, No. 383, January

Amaro
Babban labarin: 'Yan Brazil a Najeriya
Ba kamar Saro da suka fito daga Saliyo ba, Amaro, waɗanda a wasu lokuta ake kira Nago a Brazil (Nago yana nuna ƙabilar Yarbawa), an ’yantar da bayi daga Brazil da Cuba. Mutanen da suka dawo daga Brazil da Cuba da zuriyarsu ta yau an fi kiran su da "Agudas". Sun tafi Sabuwar Duniya a matsayin bayi daga ƙabilun ƙabilu da ƙabilu daban-daban amma sun kusanci dangantaka a tsakanin su daidai. Sun dawo Najeriya, musamman, don sake haɗawa da ƙasar mahaifinsu. A Legas unguwarsu ta zama Popo Aguda, Brazilian quarter. Ba a taso su cikin bangaskiyar Anglican kamar Saliyo ba, amma Katolika, babban addini a Brazil da Cuba. A cikin 1880s, Agudas sun ƙunshi kusan kashi 9% na yawan mutanen Legas. Wasu daga cikin Agudas musulmi ne. Wasu daga cikin ’yan Katolika na Brazil da Cuban kuma sun bauta wa Orishas na Afirka da su ma suka yi bauta a Brazil da Cuba. Da yawa daga cikin Amaro sun zama Kiristoci na Furotesta. Waɗannan Amaro sun ba da sunayen Portuguese da Mutanen Espanya a Najeriya, kuma ko da sau ɗaya suna da yawan jama'ar Portuguese da Spanish a can.

Mutanen Brazil da suka dawo ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun sana'a ne kuma an san su da keɓaɓɓen gine-ginen Brazil da aka gina a ƙauyukansu daga baya a kewayen Legas. A wannan lokacin, gine-ginen Turai na zamani ba wai kawai ana nufin ya zama kyakkyawan wurin zama ba amma har da tallan da ya mamaye ta don nuna wa 'yan Afirka salo da al'adu daban-daban[Vlach, John Michael, "The Brazilian House in Nigeria: The Emergence of a 20th-Century Vernacular House Type", The Journal of American Folklore, Vol. 97, No. 383, January Sai dai kuma, a lokacin da ya dace, salon na Brazil ya fito a matsayin madaidaici kuma salon zamani wanda ’yan kwangilar Afirka ke amfani da shi a kan ayyukan gwamnati da na jama’a kamar su Holy Cross Cathedral da ke Legas da Masallacin Shitta-Bey. Mutanen Brazil sun gabatar wa Najeriya dalla-dalla na zanen gine-gine, gine-ginen benaye biyu da bungalow mai fuskokin stucco. Har ila yau, 'yan Brazil da suka dawo sun shahara da amfani da Rogo a matsayin amfanin gona.Faluyi, pp. 11, 12.

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