Yanayin Burkina Faso

Burkina Faso (tsohon Upper Volta) ƙasa ce ta Sahel da ke da iyaka da kasashe shida. Yana tsakanin hamadar Sahara da Tekun Guinea, kudu da madauki na Kogin Neja, galibi tsakanin latitudes 9 ° da 15 ° N (ƙaramin yanki yana arewacin 15 °), da kuma longitudes 6 ° W da 3 ° E. Ƙasar kore ce a kudu, tare da gandun doki da itatuwan 'ya'yan itace, kuma tsaka-tsaki a arewa. Yawancin tsakiyar Burkina Faso suna kan tudu, mita 198-305 (650-1,001  sama da matakin teku, tare da filaye, brush, da bishiyoyi da aka warwatsa. Tsaro na wasan Burkina Faso - mafi mahimmanci daga cikinsu shine Arly, Nazinga, da W National Park - suna dauke da zakuna, giwaye, Hippopotamus, birai, warthogs na yau da kullun, da antelopes. A baya kare farauta mai haɗari, Lycaon pictus ya faru a Burkina Faso, amma, kodayake an yi ganinsu na ƙarshe a cikin Arli National Park,  ana ɗaukar nau'in an kawar da shi daga Burkina Faso. 

 Yankin 
Burkina Faso has a total area of , of which  is land and  water. Comparatively, it is slightly larger than New Zealand and Colorado. Its borders total : Benin , Ivory Coast , Ghana , Mali , Niger , and Togo . It has no coastline or maritime claims.

Wannan jerin manyan wurare ne na Burkina Faso, wuraren da ke arewa, kudu, gabas ko yamma fiye da kowane wuri.

 Yankin arewacin - wurin da ba a san shi ba a kan iyaka da Mali, Yankin Sahel
 Gabashin Gabas - wurin da ba a san shi ba a kan iyaka da Benin nan da nan a kudancin Burkina Faso-Benin-Niger tripoint, Yankin Gabas
 Yankin kudu - wurin da ba a san shi ba a kan iyaka da Ivory Coast nan da nan a kudancin ƙauyen Kpuere, Yankin Kudu maso Yamma
 Yammacin Yamma - uku tare da Mali da Ivory Coast, Yankin Cascades

 Yankin 
Ya ƙunshi manyan nau'ikan ƙauyuka guda biyu. Babban bangare na kasar yana rufe da peneplain, wanda ke samar da wuri mai laushi tare da, a wasu yankuna, wasu tuddai masu nisa, abubuwan ƙarshe na Precambrian massif. Kudu maso yammacin kasar, a gefe guda, ya samar da dutse mai yashi, inda mafi girman tudu, Ténakourou, yake a tsawo na mita 749 (2,457 feet). Dutsen yana da iyaka da tsaunuka masu tsawo har zuwa mita 150 (490 feet) a tsawo. Matsakaicin tsawo na Burkina Faso shine mita 400 (1,300 feet) kuma bambancin tsakanin mafi girma da mafi ƙasƙanci ba ya wuce mita 600 (2,000 feet). Saboda haka Burkina Faso ƙasa ce mai laushi. Matsayinta mafi girma shine mafi ƙasƙanci a Kogin Mouhoun (Black Volta) (mita 200 ko ƙafa 656) kuma mafi girma a Tena Kourou (mita 749 ko ƙafa 2,457).

 Rarrabawar gudanarwa 
An raba ƙasar zuwa Yankuna 13 na gudanarwa. Wadannan yankuna sun hada da larduna 45 da sassan 351.

 Rubuce-rubucen ruwa 
Ƙasar tana bin tsohon sunanta na Upper Volta zuwa koguna uku waɗanda suka ratsa ta: Black Volta (ko Mouhoun), White Volta (Nakambé) da Red Volta (Nazinon).  Black Volta na daya daga cikin koguna biyu kacal da ke gudana a duk shekara, daya kuma shi ne Komoé, wanda ke kwarara zuwa kudu maso yamma.  Basin kogin Neja shi ma yana kwashe kashi 27% na saman kasar.

Rafukan Nijar - Béli, Gorouol, Goudébo da Dargol - rafi ne na yanayi kuma suna kwarara na watanni hudu zuwa shida kawai a shekara.  Har yanzu, duk da haka, na iya haifar da manyan ambaliyar ruwa.  Har ila yau ƙasar ta ƙunshi tafkuna masu yawa - manyan su ne Tigrela, Bam da Dem.  Ƙasar ta ƙunshi manyan tafkuna, kamar su Oursi, Béli, Yomboli da Markoye.  Ana yawan samun matsalar karancin ruwa musamman a arewacin kasar
Burkina Faso tana da yanayi na wurare masu zafi tare da yanayi biyu daban-daban. A lokacin ruwan sama, kasar tana samun tsakanin millimeters 600 da 900 (23.6 da 35.4 in) na ruwan sama; a lokacin fari, Harmattan - iska mai zafi mai bushe daga Sahara - yana hurawa. Lokacin ruwan sama yana da kimanin watanni huɗu, Mayu / Yuni zuwa Satumba, kuma ya fi guntu a arewacin ƙasar. Za'a iya bayyana yankuna uku na yanayi: Sahel, Sudan-Sahel, da Sudan-Guinea. Sahel a arewa yawanci yana karɓar ƙasa da millimeters 600 (24 inci) na ruwan sama a kowace shekara kuma yana da yanayin zafi mai girma, digiri 5-47 Celsius (41-117 digiri Fahrenheit).

Yankin da ya bushe sosai, Sahel ya wuce iyakokin Burkina Faso, daga Horn of Africa zuwa Tekun Atlantika, kuma yana kan iyaka da Sahara zuwa arewa da yankin Sudan mai kyau zuwa Kudu. Da yake tsakanin 11 ° 3 'da 13 ° 5 ' arewacin latitude, yankin Sudan-Sahel yanki ne na canji dangane da ruwan sama da zafin jiki. Bugu da ƙari zuwa kudu, yankin Sudan-Guinea yana karɓar fiye da 900 millimeters (35 inci) na ruwan sama a kowace shekara kuma yana da matsakaicin yanayin sanyi.

 Albarkatarwa da muhalli 
Abubuwan da ke cikin Burkina Faso sun haɗa da manganese, dutse, marmara, phosphates, pumice, gishiri da ƙananan ajiyar zinariya. 2.93% na ƙasar tana noma, kuma 0.26% tana da amfanin gona na dindindin tun daga shekarar 2012. Ya zuwa shekara ta 2003, an yi ban ruwa da kilomita 250. Jimlar albarkatun ruwa masu sabuntawa tun daga shekara ta 2011 sun kasance 12.5 m3 [bayyanawa da ake buƙata], tare da jimlar janyewar ruwa mai laushi na 0.72 km3/shekara (46% na cikin gida, 3% na masana'antu, 51% na aikin gona; wannan ya kai janyewar kowane mutum na 54.99 m3/shekaru.   

A cikin gandun daji na Burkina Faso yana da kusan kashi 23% na jimlar yankin ƙasa, daidai da hekta 6,216,400 (ha) na gandun daji a cikin 2020, ƙasa daga hekta 7,716,600 (ha) a cikin 1990. A cikin 2020, gandun daji mai sabuntawa ya rufe hekta 6,039,300 (ha) kuma gandun daji da aka dasa ya rufe hekita 177,100 (ha). Daga cikin gandun daji mai sabuntawa na halitta an ruwaito 0% a matsayin gandun daji na farko (wanda ya ƙunshi nau'ikan bishiyoyi na asali ba tare da alamun bayyanar ayyukan ɗan adam ba) kuma kusan 16% na yankin gandun daji an samo shi a cikin wuraren da aka kiyaye. A shekara ta 2015, an ruwaito cewa 100% na yankin gandun daji yana ƙarƙashin mallakar jama'a.

Ana kare namun daji da tsire-tsire na Burkina Faso a cikin wuraren shakatawa na kasa guda biyu da kuma wuraren ajiya da yawa: duba JerinA cikin dajin Burkina Faso kusan kashi 23% na yawan fadin kasa, daidai yake da hekta 6,216,400 na gandun daji a shekarar 2020, ya ragu da hekta 7,716,600 a shekarar 1990.  hekta 177,100 (ha).  Daga cikin gandun dajin da ke sake farfado da dabi'a, kashi 0% an ruwaito su ne na farko dazuzzuka (wanda ya kunshi nau'in bishiyar da ba a iya gani a fili na ayyukan dan adam) kuma kusan kashi 16% na yankin dajin an samu a cikin wuraren kariya.  A cikin shekarar 2015, an ba da rahoton cewa kashi 100% na yankin dajin yana ƙarƙashin mallakar jama'a wuraren shakatawa da ke Afirka, wuraren ajiyar yanayi na Burkina Faso.

Rashin ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa suna da haɗari mai mahimmanci. Batutuwan muhalli na yanzu sun haɗa da: fari na baya-bayan nan da hamada da ke shafar ayyukan noma, rarraba yawan jama'a, da tattalin arziki; wuce gona da iri; lalacewar ƙasa; sare daji.

Burkina Faso tana cikin yarjejeniyar muhalli ta kasa da kasa masu zuwa: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands. Ya sanya hannu, amma ba a tabbatar da shi ba, Dokar Tekun da haramta gwajin nukiliya.

 Dubi kuma 

 Yunwa ta 2010 a Sahel
 Category: Yarjejeniyar Burkina Faso
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