Hakkin LGBTQ a Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender da queer (LGBTQ) mutane a cikin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa suna fuskantar nuna bambanci da ƙalubalen shari'a. Yin luwadi ba bisa ka'ida ba ne a Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa (UAE) kuma a karkashin tanadin aikata laifuka na tarayya, ana iya hukunta jima'i na jima'i ta hanyar ɗaurin kurkuku; yin jima'i tsakanin mutane da mata daban-daban ba bisa ka-daban ba ne. A lokuta biyu, za a gabatar da kara ne kawai idan miji ko mai kula da daya daga cikin mahalarta ya yi korafin aikata laifi. Hukuncin shine mafi ƙarancin watanni shida a kurkuku; ba a ba da iyakar hukunci ba, kuma kotun tana da cikakken iko don sanya kowane hukunci daidai da kundin tsarin mulkin ƙasar.

Duk da yake babu wani sanannen kamawa ko gurfanar da shi don yin jima'i na jinsi ɗaya a cikin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa tun aƙalla 2015 (kamar yadda 2022), ba tare da iyaka ta sama ga hukuncin da aka tsara ba, hukuncin kisa sakamako ne na ka'ida ga mahalarta (mace). Duk wani hukunci da aka sanya ana dakatar da shi idan mai shigar da kara ya janye korafin ko kuma ya "gafarta" mai laifin. Wasu sun yi iƙirarin cewa dokokin luwadi a cikin Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa ba su da tabbas, suna nufin fassarar Turanci mai rikitarwa na rubutun Larabci na dokar hukunci ta ƙasar.

Bugu da ƙari, an gurfanar da mutane saboda laifuka da suka shafi jima'i da jinsi a ƙarƙashin dokokin mutunci na jama'a, don ayyukan kamar sumba a cikin jama'a."United Arab Emirates: Criminalisation - Enforcement 2020". humandignitytrust.org. Human Dignity Trust. 13 February 2019. Retrieved 7 August 2022.

 Tsarin shari'a da tarihi 
Dokar Shari'a ta Tarayya Larabawa ba ta maye gurbin tsarin shari'a na kowane masarauta ba,  sai dai idan ya saba wa dokar tarayya. Ana iya tuhumar mutane a ƙarƙashin Dokar Shari'a ta Tarayya, ko kuma a ƙarƙashin dokar hukuntawa ta gida (emirate).

Bin tsarin Shari'a da shari'a na kasar ga shari'a yana ba da damar hukuncin kisa a matsayin hukuncin shari'a ga wasu laifuka. Ayyukan jima'i na jinsi guda - kamar yadda yake tare da sauran ayyukan jima'i da ma'aurata suka yi a waje da aure - suna cikin rukunin laifuka da ke da alhakin Hukuncin kisa a Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa, a karkashin tanadin , aƙalla kafin gyare-gyaren da ke cikin sabuwar Dokar Laifuka da Hukuncin Tarayya ta 2021. Duk da haka, babu sanannun lokuta na tilasta hukuncin kisa, ko hukuncin rai da rai a kurkuku, don irin waɗannan laifuka. 

 Tarihin tilasta 
A cewar kungiyar ba da riba ta Burtaniya, Human Dignity Trust, tun daga shekarar 2020, duk rahotanni na haƙƙin ɗan adam na shekara-shekara daga Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka a kan Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa bayan 2015,  sun bayyana cewa babu rubuce-rubuce na kamawa ko gurfanar da shi ga ayyukan jima'i na jinsi ɗaya a kasar. "United Arab Emirates: Criminalisation - Enforcement 2020". humandignitytrust.org. Human Dignity Trust. 13 February 2019. Retrieved 7 August 2022.

"Jarabawar likita da ta hankali" ba tare da son rai ba, gami da gudanar da maganin hormonal, da tsare don tilasta maganin tunani,  sun faru. Akwai rahotanni game da mummunar zalunci a tsare-tsare kamar duka,  da kuma tilasta gwajin rectal, : wanda ya kai ga azabtarwa,  sun kasance sakamakon irin wannan zargi ko kafa jima'i na jinsi ɗaya.

 Matsayi na Shari'a 
A watan Janairun 2022, sabuwar dokar aikata laifuka da azabtarwa ta Tarayya ta 2021 ta fara aiki, ta sake kafa wasu tanadi na dokar dangantakar mutum da aka cire ta hanyar gyare-gyare a cikin 2020. An riƙe shi daga gyaran 2020 shine abin da ake buƙata cewa ayyukan aikata laifuka don halayyar jima'i ba tare da aure ba ne kawai a kan umarnin ma'aurata (maza) ko masu kula, maimakon 'yan sanda ko wasu hukumomin jihar. "UAE: Sweeping Legal 'Reforms' Deepen Repression". Human Rights Watch. 5 June 2022. Retrieved 21 June 2023. Under the 2021 law, if men and women have sex outside of marriage, the act carries a penalty of no less than six months' imprisonment. Sodomy with an adult male is also criminalized under the law. In both cases, the offenses can only be prosecuted on the basis of a complaint by a husband or male guardian. ... The law disproportionately affects women as it only allows men to complain about and forgive extramarital sex, and provides for only a minimum sentence allowing judges' discretion to provide harsher sentences.

Dokar da ta yi adawa da "rashin amincewa da son rai", wanda aka fassara a cikin Turanci a matsayin 'harin lalata', 'rashin kunya', ko 'sanin jiki' : ana iya tilasta 82 akan ayyukan jima'i (da jima'i, idan a waje da aure  ). [2] Tun daga shekara ta 2022, wannan tanadin, Mataki na 356, ana amfani da shi ne kawai a kan korafin miji ko mai kula da namiji na mai shiga cikin jima'i ko jima'i. Idan an gabatar da shari'ar aikata laifuka ta wannan hanyar, mafi ƙarancin hukuncin da za a iya ɗorawa akan hukunci shine watanni shida na ɗaurin kurkuku. Babu wani hukunci mai iyaka da aka tsara, don alƙalai su iya hukunta masu laifi zuwa duk wani hukunci da aka ba da izini a ƙarƙashin kundin tsarin mulki. Sakamakon gyare-gyaren 2021 wanda ya sabunta Mataki na 1 zuwa: "Tsarin Shari'a na Musulunci zai shafi fansa da laifukan kudi na jini. Sauran laifuka da hukunce-hukuncen su za a samar da su daidai da tanadin wannan Dokar da sauran ka'idojin hukunci masu amfani", har yanzu ba a bayyane yake ba."UAE: Sweeping Legal 'Reforms' Deepen Repression". Human Rights Watch. 5 June 2022. Retrieved 21 June 2023. Under the 2021 law, if men and women have sex outside of marriage, the act carries a penalty of no less than six months' imprisonment. Sodomy with an adult male is also criminalized under the law. In both cases, the offenses can only be prosecuted on the basis of a complaint by a husband or male guardian. ... The law disproportionately affects women as it only allows men to complain about and forgive extramarital sex, and provides for only a minimum sentence allowing judges' discretion to provide harsher sentences. Kafin gyaran, hukuncin da aka yi a karkashin Mataki na 356 ya kasance ɗaurin kurkuku na akalla shekara guda har zuwa shekaru goma sha biyar. Har zuwa 2020, tuhumar aikata laifuka na iya ci gaba ba tare da matar ko mai kula da shi ya shigar da korafi ba.

 Manazarta