Yanayin yanayi na Tamil Nadu

Sauyin yanayi na Tamil Nadu, Indiya gabaɗaya yana da zafi sosai a cikin shekara sai dai a lokacin yanayi. Birnin Chennai yana kan ma'aunin zafi,  wanda ke nufin Chennai da Tamil Nadu ba su da bambancin zafin jiki.

 Tarihi 
A karkashin Rarrabawar yanayi na Köppen mafi yawan Tamil Nadu ya cika a ƙarƙashin yanayin savanna na Tropical da ƙananan ɓangarorin jihar sun fada ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi mai zafi; yanayin jihar ya kasance daga busassun ƙasa zuwa busassun.

 Lokaci 

 Lokacin bazara 
Lokacin rani a Tamil Nadu yana gudana a cikin Maris, Afrilu da Mayu kuma ana nuna shi da zafi mai tsanani da ruwan sama kaɗan a duk faɗin jihar.

 Ruwan sama 
Jihar tana da lokuta uku daban-daban na ruwan sama: ruwan sama mai zurfi; ruwan sama daga guguwa na wurare masu zafi da ke fitowa a unguwar tsibirin Andaman a lokacin Retreat of Monsoons (Oktoba-Nuwamba): da kuma ruwan sama na Arewa maso Gabas a cikin watanni na Oktoba-Disamba, tare da iskar ruwan sama ta arewa maso gabas daga rikice-rikicen yamma da ke fitowar Bay of Bengal. Lokacin fari yana daga Fabrairu zuwa farkon Yuni. Tsakiyar Yuni zuwa Disamba shine watanni na ruwan sama.

Tun da jihar ta dogara ne gaba ɗaya da ruwan sama don sake caji albarkatun ruwa, gazawar ruwan sama yana haifar da karancin ruwa mai tsanani da fari mai tsanani.

An rarraba Tamil Nadu zuwa yankuna bakwai na yanayin gona: arewa maso gabas, arewa maso yamma, yamma, kudu, ruwan sama mai yawa, tsaunuka masu tsawo, da Cauvery Delta (yanki mafi kyau na noma).

 Kididdiga 

 Yanayin zafi 
+Matsakaicin yanayin zafi a birane daban-daban na Tamil Nadu (°C) -Winter (Janairu 
 - Fabrairu)  Lokacin bazara (Mar - Mayu) Ruwan sama (Yuni - Satumba) Bayan ruwan sama (Oktoba - Disamba) Shekara-shekaraBirniJanFabrairuTekunAfriluMayuYuniYuliAugSatumbaOktobaNuwambaDisambaAvgChennai24252729313030282726252431Coimbatore25262829292725262524232429Madurai25272931323029282725242532Tiruchirapalli25262829313230292927252432
+Matsakaicin ruwan sama a birane daban-daban na Tamil Nadu (mm) -Winter (Janairu - Fabrairu) Lokacin bazara (Mar - Mayu) Ruwan sama na 1 (Yuni - Satumba) Ruwan sama 2 (Oktoba - Disamba) Shekara-shekaraBirniJanFabrairuTekunAfriluMayuYuniYuliAugSatumbaOktobaNuwambaDisambaJimillarChennaiCoimbatoreMaduraiTiruchirappalli

 Ƙasa ta hamada 
Yawancin lokaci, ana ganin ƙasar hamada a kusa da Madurai, Virudhunagar, Sivaganga, Ramanathapuram da wasu sassan gundumar Tirunelveli, wasu gundumomi masu kusanci. Wadannan gundumomi an san su da gundumomin hamada na Tamil Nadu.

 Bala'o'i 

 Ambaliyar ruwa 
A lokacin Ambaliyar ruwa ta Kudancin Indiya ta 2015 (gundumomin da suka fi shafa: Chennai, Kanchipuram da Cuddalore), Chennai ta sami 1,049 mm (41.3 in) na ruwan sama a watan Nuwamba, mafi girma da aka rubuta tun Nuwamba 1918 lokacin da aka rubuta 1,088 mm (42.8 in) na hazo.  [24][25] An bayyana ambaliyar ruwa a Chennai a matsayin mafi muni a cikin ƙarni.[26]    

 Guguwa 

 Guguwar Ockhi
 Guguwar Thane
 Guguwar Jal
 Guguwar Laila
 Guguwar Vardah
 Guguwar Nadah
 Guguwar Gaja
 Guguwar Nilam
 Guguwa mai suna nivar

 Bala'in tsunami na Asiya na 2004 

 fari da yunwa 

 Rashin gurɓataccen yanayi 

Ingancin iska na wuraren masana'antu a Ennore, da kuma a cikin Poes Garden da Boat Club suna sama da ka'idodin da ma'aikatar muhalli ta tsara, a cewar rahoton Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya ta Coastal.

Cibiyar ta ɗauki samfuran iska goma sha ɗaya a ciki da kewayen Arewacin Chennai da birnin Chennai a matsayin wani ɓangare na nazarin ingancin iska a Ennore 2016. An ɗauki samfurori na sa'o'i 24 ta hanyar amfani da filtattun da aka dace da ƙananan samfurin iska kuma an yi nazari don PM 2.5 (Particulate Matter ko kura kasa da 2.5 micrometers a size).  Mabuɗin tushen tushen gurɓacewar yanayi na PM 2.5 sune sharar mota, konewar kwal, kona datti da zubar da ƙasa, sarrafa karafa.

Abin mamaki, 10 daga cikin samfuran iska 11 sun kasance tsakanin 1.4 zuwa 3.7 sau fiye da yadda Ma'aikatar Muhalli, dazuzzuka da Canjin yanayi ta tsara.  Ingantacciyar iska a Nallathaneer Odai Kuppam a Ennore ita ce mafi girma tare da 220 micrograms na barbashi a kowace mita cubic na iska.

Sauran yankuna daga Ennore sun hada da Manali tare da 156 ug / m3, Sivanpadaiveethi Kuppam tare da 156. 90 ug/m3 da Kodingayur tare da 154.90 ug/m2 wanda duk ana ɗaukarsa mara lafiya bisa ga Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta Amurka.   

Yankin Ennore yana da 3300 MW na shigar da wutar lantarki, tare da fiye da 1500 kadada a matsayin sadaukar da gawayi, in ji rahoton.

Da yake karin haske game da illar rashin lafiyar iska, Dr Hissamudin Papa, wanda ya kafa kuma Darakta, Asibitocin HUMA ya ce, "Mun ziyarci wadannan yankuna a Ennore kuma mun gano al'amurran kiwon lafiya daban-daban. Yaran da ke tsakanin shekaru 14 zuwa 15 suna kama da shekaru 8. Mata suna da matsalolin hormonal da rashin haihuwa. Mutane da yawa suna da cututtuka na huhu na huhu a cikin wadannan yankunan. An rage yawan gurɓataccen yanayi.

Ko da yankuna kamar Poes Garden da Boat Club sun kasance 104 da 101 UG / M3 wanda ake la'akari da rashin lafiya bisa ga ka'idodin EPA na Amurka. "Babban taro na masana'antu masu gurɓata a gefen arewa da kudancin birnin yana shafar duk Chennai", in ji Dokta Rakhal Gaitonde, ƙwararren likitan lafiyar jama'a.

A cewar rahoton na Cibiyar Albarkatun Tekun, matakin manganese a cikin takwas daga cikin samfurori goma sha ɗaya ya zarce ma'auni na EPA na Amurka don fallasa ga manganese.  Babu ma'auni a Indiya don manganese a cikin iska na yanayi.  Har ila yau, an samo matakan siliki na siliki da crystalline silica, waɗanda aka wadatar da su a cikin ash na kwal a cikin samfuran iska.

"Manganese da nickel sanannen guba ne kuma an ƙididdige tasirin su.  Manganese yawanci neurotoxin ne, yayin da nickel shine carcinogen.  Auna irin wadannan abubuwa masu guba daga saman rufin matsugunan mutane hakika abin damuwa ne," in ji Dokta Rakhal.

Cibiyar Kula da Bayanai ta Coastal tana son gwamnatin Tamil Nadu ta dauki mataki nan take don inganta ingancin iska a Ennore. "Gwamnati na bukatar sanya dakatarwar duk ayyukan masana'antu har sai an dawo da muhalli, fara sa ido na dogon lokaci da ci gaba a yankin Ennore", in ji Nityanand Jayaraman, mai fafutukar muhalli.

Ya kara da cewa, "Babu ka'idoji da Hukumar Kula da Pollution ta Tamil Nadu ke biye da su. Me ya sa mutane da ke zaune a Arewacin Chennai su dauki dukkan mummunan tasirin masana'antu?"

Cibiyar Kula da Bayanai ta Coastal kuma tana son gwamnati ta kama masu gurbatawa kuma ta dauki matakan gyara don kawo matakan ƙura da ƙarfe masu nauyi a cikin ƙura a ƙasa da iyakokin ganowa a wuraren zama.
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba