Batutuwan kiwon lafiya a lokacin hadarin hakar ma'adinai na Copiapó na 2010

hadari hakar ma'adinai na Copiapó na 2010 ya nawa ne a matsayin kogo a ranar 5 ga watan Agusta 2010 a ma'adinin jan ƙarfe na San Jose a cikin hamadar Atacama kusa da Copiapó, Chile. Hadarin ya bar mutane 33 da suka makale mita 700 (2,300  a ƙasa waɗanda suka tsira a ƙarƙashin ƙasa na rikodin kwanaki 69. Dukkanin mutane 33 an ceto su kuma an kawo su farfajiya a ranar 13 ga Oktoba 2010 a cikin kusan awanni 24. Bayan da aka kama ma'adinai na ƙarshe zuwa farfajiyar, ma'aikatan ceto har yanzu suna tsaye a ƙarƙashin ƙasa suna riƙe da alamar a gaban kyamarar da ke cewa "" (Turanci: "Mission accomplished Chile") ga kimanin mutane biliyan 1 da ke kallon ceto a talabijin kai tsaye a duniya. 

San José Mine yana da kimanin kilomita 45 (28  a arewacin Copiapó, a arewacin Chile. Masu hakar ma'adinai sun makale kusan kilomita 5 (3  daga ƙofar hakar ma-adinai. Mine din yana da tarihin rashin kwanciyar hankali wanda ya haifar da hatsarori na baya, gami da mutuwar daya.

Ceto na ma'adinai na farko, Florencio Ávalos, ya fara ne a ranar Talata, 12 ga Oktoba a 23:55 CLDT, tare da kwayar ceto ta kai saman minti 16 bayan haka. Kasa da sa'o'i 24 bayan haka, a karfe 21:55 CLDT a ranar 13 ga Oktoba, an ceto dukkan ma'aikatan hakar ma'adinai 33, kusan dukansu suna cikin yanayin lafiya mai kyau, kuma ana sa ran su warke sosai. Masu hakar ma'adinai biyu suna fama da silicosis, daya daga cikinsu yana da cutar huhu, wasu kuma suna fama da Cututtukan hakora da Matsalolin corneal. Uku daga cikin masu hakar ma'adinai da aka ceto sun yi musu tiyata nan take a karkashin anesthesia na gaba ɗaya don matsalolin hakora.

 Lafiyar masu hakar ma'adinai da aka kama 
A ranar 23 ga watan Agusta, an yi hulɗa da murya tare da masu hakar ma'adinai. Sun bayar da rahoton cewa suna da ƙananan matsalolin kiwon lafiya; likitan da ke kula da aikin ceto ya gaya wa manema labarai cewa "suna da ƙarancin jin daɗi fiye da yadda muke tsammani bayan sun kwashe kwanaki 18 a cikin ma'adinai, a zurfin mita 700 (2,300  kuma a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi da zafi mai yawa". Likitocin sun kuma bayar da rahoton cewa an riga an ba masu hakar ma'adinai maganin glucose na 5% da magani don hana cututtukan ciki sakamakon karancin abinci. An aika kayan a cikin capsules na filastik mai launin shudi mai tsawon mita 5 (1.5  wanda ake kira  ("kurciya", yana nufin rawar kurciya mai ɗaukar kaya), yana ɗaukar sa'a guda don isa ga masu hakar ma'adinai. Injiniyoyi sun rufe ramuka tare da gel don tabbatar da amincin shafts da sauƙaƙe wucewar capsules. Baya ga gels na glucose mai ƙarfi, allunan rehydration, da magani, masu ceto sun kuma aika da iskar oxygen bayan masu hakar ma'adinai sun ba da rahoton cewa babu isasshen iska. An fara isar da abinci mai ƙarfi bayan 'yan kwanaki.   An kammala wasu ramuka guda biyu - daya don iska mai wadataccen iskar oxygen, na biyu don kayan aikin bidiyo don ba da damar Tattaunawar bidiyo ta yau da kullun tare da 'yan uwa. An ba wa dangi damar rubuta wasiƙu, amma an nemi su ci gaba da kasancewa da kyakkyawan fata.

Saboda damuwar masu hakar ma'adinan, masu ceto sun yi jinkirin gaya musu cewa bisa ga shirin masu ra'ayin mazan jiya, ceton na iya daukar watanni, tare da ranar hakowa kusa da Kirsimeti.  Masu hakar ma'adinan da suka makale tun watan Agusta ba za su rasa abubuwan da suka faru ba, ciki har da bukukuwan Bicentennial na Chile da kuma muhimman wasannin ƙwallon ƙafa, ban da abubuwan tunawa da su.  Duk da haka, an sanar da masu hakar ma'adinan, duk da haka, a ranar 25 ga Agusta, game da lokacin da aka tsara don ceton su da kuma sarkar shirin fitar da su.  Ministan hakar ma'adinan ya ruwaito cewa mutanen sun dauki wannan labari mara kyau sosai

Ma'aikatan ceto da masu ba da shawara sun bayyana masu hakar ma'adinai a matsayin rukuni mai ladabi sosai. Masana ilimin halayyar dan adam da likitoci sun yi aiki tare da kokarin ceto don tabbatar da cewa masu hakar ma'adinai suna ci gaba da aiki da kuma mayar da hankali. An aika fitilu masu haske tare da masu saurin lokaci don kiyaye maza a kan jadawalin al'ada ta hanyar yin koyi da rana da dare. Masu hakar ma'adinai sun tabbatar da ikon su na shiga cikin kokarin ceto, suna cewa "Akwai yawan masu sana'a da za su taimaka a kokarin ceto daga nan. "  Masana ilimin halayyar dan adam sun yi imanin cewa masu hakar ma-adinai ya kamata su taka rawa a cikin nasu makomar saboda yana da mahimmanci don kula da motsawa da kyakkyawan fata.  Sun raba kansu zuwa sauye-sauye uku na sa'o'i takwas tare da kowane sauye-shiryen da ke da alhakin kula da kurciya, lafiyar muhalli, hana ci gaba da faduwar dutse, sadarwa da ayyukan da suka shafi tsabta. Luis Urzúa ya zama babban jagora kuma an zaɓi mafi tsufa mai hakar ma'adinai, Mario Gómez, don samar da jagora ta ruhaniya. Masana kiwon lafiyar kwakwalwa sun goyi bayan tsarin matsayi don adana tsari da al'ada a cikin rukuni suna gaskata cewa yana da mahimmanci ga lafiyar hankalinsu.
alt=a color photograph of the topside opening of one of the two narrow tubes and hardware used to deliver supplies to the miners 2,000 feet below|right|thumb|Ɗaya daga cikin bututun biyu da aka yi amfani da su don isar da kayayyaki ga masu hakar ma'adinai 2,000ft a ƙasa
Likitoci sun yanke shawarar cewa Yonni Barrios shine mafi cancanta daga cikin masu hakar ma'adinai don gudanar da ayyukan kiwon lafiya da sadarwa kan batutuwan kiwon lafiya, saboda horar da likitancin da ya gabata. Ya yi zagaye na yau da kullun, gudanar da gwaje-gwaje na bincike, ɗaukar samfurori da sabunta sigogi masu haƙuri, kuma ya shiga cikin kiran taron yau da kullun tare da ƙungiyar likitoci a sama. Ya zama mai aiki sosai har ya dauki Daniel Herrera don taimakawa tare da adana rikodin. Barrios ya yi wa kungiyar allurar rigakafi game da tetanus, diphtheria, mura da cutar huhu. Yawancin masu hakar ma'adinai sun sami matsaloli masu tsanani na fata saboda yanayin zafi da rigar. An aika musu da tufafi da mats don su yi barci kai tsaye a ƙasa. A watan Satumba, sun sami kayan taimakon gaggawa, wanda ya haɗa da kayan yawon shakatawa, kayan IV, da splints, kuma sun sami horo na taimakon gaggawa ta hanyar Taron bidiyo.

Tsaftar muhalli muhimmin al'amari ne a cikin yanayi mai zafi, da ɗanshi, kuma masu hakar ma'adinai sun ɗauki matakan kiyaye tsafta a duk lokacin da suke tsare.  "Sun san yadda za su kula da muhallinsu. Suna da wurin da aka keɓe na banɗaki, wurin datti kuma har ma suna sake yin amfani da su," in ji Dr Andrés Llarena, masanin maganin sa barci tare da sojojin ruwa na Chile.  "Suna ajiye kayan robobi daga halittu [sharar gida], a cikin ramuka daban-daban. Suna kula da wurinsu."  Mutanen sun yi amfani da magudanar ruwa na yanayi don shawa akai-akai kuma sun karɓi sabulu da shamfu daga palomas, yayin da aka aika da kayan wanki masu datti.  Sun tono maɓuɓɓugar ruwa da yawa waɗanda likitoci suka ƙaddara cewa za su iya sha kuma an ba su allunan tsaftace ruwa..

Batutuwan muhalli da aminci suma sun kasance babban damuwa. Jimmy Sánchez, ƙarami daga cikin rukuni a shekara 19, an sanya shi a matsayin "mai taimakawa muhalli", kuma ya gwada ingancin iska kowace rana tare da na'urar kwamfuta da aka riƙe da hannu wanda ya auna iskar oxygen, matakan carbon dioxide da zafin iska wanda yawanci ya kai  ° C (88 ° F). Ƙungiyoyin masu hakar ma'adinai sun yi sintiri da yankinsu don ganowa da hana yiwuwar faduwar duwatsu da kuma fitar da duwatsu masu haɗari daga rufin, yayin da wasu suka yi aiki don karkatar da raƙuman ruwa daga ayyukan hakowa.

Ministan Lafiya Jaime Mañalich ya bayyana cewa, "Yanayin ya yi kama da wanda 'yan saman jannati suka samu wanda ke ciyar da watanni a Tashar sararin samaniya. "  A ranar 31 ga watan Agusta, wata kungiya daga NASA a Amurka ta isa Chile don samar da taimako. Kungiyar ta hada da likitoci biyu, masanin halayyar dan adam daya, da injiniya.

Bayan ceto, Dokta Rodrigo Figueroa, babban jami'in kula da damuwa da bala'o'i na Jami'ar Katolika ta Chile, ya ce akwai manyan kurakurai a cikin rubutun wasiƙu zuwa ga kuma daga danginsu a sama da kuma lura da ayyukan da masu hakar ma'adinai za su iya yi, kamar yadda kasancewa a karkashin kasa ya mayar da su ba zato ba tsammani zuwa "jarirai," in ji shi.  Amma ƙarfin yanayi na "The 33" ya yi nasarar kiyaye su da rai, kuma ƙungiyar su ta halitta a cikin ƙungiyoyi a matsayin mayar da martani ga bala'i kuma wani ɓangare ne na martanin ɗan adam ga barazana.  Kuma kamar yadda hankalin masu hakar ma’adinan ya gan su, za a ci gaba da gwada su yayin da suke ci gaba da rayuwa a sama.
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba