Babban lardin wuta

Babban lardin igneous (LIP) babban tarin duwatsu ne, gami da intrusive (sills, dikes) da extrusive (lava gudana, tephra deposits), wanda ke tasowa lokacin da Magma ke tafiya ta cikin ɓawon burodi zuwa farfajiya. Samun LIPs an danganta shi daban-daban ga Fuka-fukan mantle ko ga matakai da ke da alaƙa da tectonics na farantin daban-daban. Samun wasu daga cikin LIPs a cikin shekaru miliyan 500 da suka gabata sun dace da lokaci tare da lalacewar taro da sauye-sauyen yanayi, wanda ya haifar da ra'ayoyi da yawa game da alaƙar da ke haifar da hakan. LIPs sun bambanta da duk wani dutsen wuta mai aiki a halin yanzu ko tsarin dutsen wuta.

 Bayani na gaba ɗaya 

 Ma'anar 
A cikin shekara ta 1992, Coffin da Eldholm da farko sun bayyana kalmar nan "babban lardin igneous" kamar yadda ke wakiltar larduna masu yawa masu yawa masu zafi tare da girman yanki sama da 100,000 km2 waɗanda ke wakiltar "matsalolin manyan wuraren da aka fi sani da mafic (magnesium- da baƙin ƙarfe-mai arziki) masu tsattsauran ra'ayi da kuma masu saɓani, kuma sun samo asali ne ta hanyar matakai ba 'allaka' a cikin teku"  Wannan ma' ambaliyar ruwa ta nahiyar ruwa, tsaunuka masu tasowa, tsaunukan teku, manyan dike da tsaunuka da tsaunukan dutse masu fashewa masu fashewar wuta. Mafic basalt teku bene da sauran kayan ilimin ƙasa na 'al'ada' farantin tectonics ba a haɗa su cikin ma'anar ba. Yawancin waɗannan LIPs sun ƙunshi basalt, amma wasu suna ƙunshe da manyan ƙididdigar rhyolite da ke da alaƙa (misali Columbia River Basalt Group a yammacin Amurka); rhyolite yawanci ya bushe sosai idan aka kwatanta da tsibirin arc rhyolites, tare da yanayin zafi mafi girma (850 ° C zuwa 1000 ° C) fiye da rhyolites na yau da kullun. Wasu LIPs suna da yanayin ƙasa, kamar su basaltic Deccan Traps a Indiya, yayin da wasu suka ragargaje kuma suka rabu da motsi na farantin, kamar lardin magmatic na tsakiya na Atlantic - sassan da ake samu a Brazil, gabashin Arewacin Amurka, da arewa maso yammacin Afirka.   

A cikin shekara ta 2008, Bryan da Ernst sun inganta ma'anar don taƙaita shi: "Babban lardunan Igneous larduna ne na magmatic tare da tsawo >1×, ƙididdigar igneous >1×101 km3 da matsakaicin rayuwa na ~50 Myr waɗanda ke da ƙayyadaddun tectonic ko geochemical dangantaka, kuma ana nuna su ta hanyar ƙarancin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwallo (s) na gajeren lokaci (~1-5 Myr), a lokacin da manyan ƙididdigun ƙwaƙwalwanƙwalwar ƙwayoyin ƙwaƙwalwa na ƙwayoyin cuta sun kasance masu yawa, ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin halitta masu yawa, ana nunawa.

An fadada ma'anar kuma an inganta ta, kuma ta kasance aikin ci gaba. Wasu sabbin ma'anoni na LIP sun haɗa da manyan larduna na dutse kamar waɗanda aka samu a Dutsen Andes na Kudancin Amurka da yammacin Arewacin Amurka. An haɓaka cikakkun takardun lissafi don mayar da hankali ga tattaunawar fasaha. An gabatar da rarraba LIPs a cikin manyan larduna na dutsen wuta (LVP) da manyan lardunan plutonic (LPP), gami da duwatsu da aka samar ta hanyar tsarin tectonic na yau da kullun, amma waɗannan gyare-gyare ba a yarda da su gaba ɗaya ba Ana amfani da LIP yanzu akai-akai don bayyana manyan yankuna na, ba kawai mafic ba, amma duk nau'ikan duwatsu masu amfani. Bugu da ƙari, mafi ƙarancin ƙofar da za a haɗa shi a matsayin LIP an saukar da shi zuwa 50,000 km2. Ayyukan aiki, wanda aka mayar da hankali sosai kan ilimin ƙasa, shine: 

 Babban lardin dutsen wuta (LVP) Babban lardin rhyolitic (LRP) Babban lardi na andesitic (LAP) Babban lardunan basaltic (LBP): basalts na teku, ko na ambaliyar nahiyar Babban lardin basaltic-rhyolitic
 Babban lardin rhyolitic (LRP) 
 Babban lardin andesitic (LAP) 
 Babban lardin basaltic (LBP): basalts na teku, ko na nahiyar
 Babban lardin basaltic-rhyolitic (LBRP) 
 Babban lardin plutonic (LPP) Babban lardin granitic (LGP) Babban lardi mafic plutonic
 Babban lardin dutse (LGP) 
 Babban lardin mafic plutonic

 Manazarta