Kungiyar Casablanca

Ƙungiyar Casablanca, wani lokaci ana kiranta da 'Casablanca block', ɗan gajeren lokaci ne, ƙungiyar ƙasashen Afirka tare da hangen nesa na makomar Afirka da na Pan-Africanism a farkon shekarun 1960.  Kungiyar ta kunshi jihohi bakwai karkashin jagorancin jagororin bangaren hagu - Algeria, Masar, Ghana, Guinea, Libya, Mali, da Morocco .  Rikici da sasantawa tsakanin kungiyar Casablanca da kungiyar Monrovia ya kai ga kafa kungiyar hadin kan Afirka .

 Tarihi 
Kungiyar ta fara haduwa ne a cikin 1961 a birnin Casablanca na tashar jiragen ruwa na Morocco, saboda haka sunan kawancen. Wannan taron ya tattaro wasu fitattun jahohin nahiyar kamar Gamal Abdel-Nasser na Masar, Kwame Nkrumah na Ghana da Sékou Touré na Guinea .

Abin da ya haɗa su shi ne imani da buƙatar haɗin kan siyasa ko tarayya. Sun yi imanin cewa kawai gagarumin haɗin kai mai zurfi, kamar yadda ya faru a Turai ta hanyar Tarayyar Turai, zai ba da damar Afirka ta kayar da mulkin mallaka, samun zaman lafiya, samar da shawarwarin al'adu, ƙara tasirin yanayin siyasa na nahiyar da kuma inganta ci gaban tattalin arziki.  A wasu kalmomi, sun yi imani da mika mulki da yawa daga gwamnatocin kasa zuwa ga wata hukuma ta duniya baki daya. Har ma Nkrumah ya bayar da hujjar kafa wata runduna ta kasashen Afirka da za a iya tura su don yakar mulkin mallaka ko kuma turawan tsiraru a fadin nahiyar. Shahararren takensa na Pan-African shine 'Dole ne Afirka ta haɗu!' 

Koyaya, Rukunin Casablanca a ƙarshe bai yi nasara ba. Yawancin sauran shugabannin Afirka ba su goyi bayan irin wannan gagarumin sauyi ba. Tunanin abokin hamayyarsa, wanda ake kira Monrovia Group - wanda kuma ya yi imani da Pan-Africanism amma ba a kan kishin kasa da kasa mai zaman kanta ba - ya ci nasara. A shekarar 1963 aka kafa kungiyar hadin kan Afrika (OAU). Dukkan membobin biyu na Casablanca da Monrovia sun shiga, suna sanya bambance-bambancen su a gefe guda. Kungiyar OAU, wacce yanzu ita ce Tarayyar Afirka, ta samu takaitaccen hadin kai da hadin kan kasashe mambobinta. Nuni ne na ƙimar ƙungiyar Monrovia da kuma watsi da ra'ayoyin ƙungiyar Casablanca.

Kazalika rashin jituwa kan yanayin hadin kan kasashen Afirka, kungiyoyin sun kuma dauki matsaya mai cin karo da juna kan rikice-rikicen da aka yi a kasashen Aljeriya da Kongo . A yayin da mambobin kungiyar Casablanca suka yi alkawarin ba da goyon baya ga kungiyar Front de Liberation Nationale a kokarin da take yi na neman ‘yancin Aljeriya daga Faransa, kungiyar Monrovia ta goyi bayan makiyansu, Faransawa. 

 Magana