Fataucin mutane a Tanzania

Tanzania ta tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar TIP ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta 2000 a watan Mayu 2006. 

A shekara ta 2008 Gwamnatin Tanzania ba ta cika cikakkun ka'idoji don kawar da fataucin mutane ba; duk da haka, ta yi kokari sosai don yin hakan.

A cikin shekara ta 2014, Tanzania ta kasance tushen, wucewa, da kuma ƙasar da aka nufa ga maza, mata, da yara da aka yi fataucin su don dalilai na tilasta aiki da cin zarafin jima'i. An yi fataucin yara maza a cikin ƙasar don tilasta aiki a gonaki, a cikin ma'adinai, da kuma a cikin ɓangaren kasuwanci na al'ada. An yi fataucin 'yan matan Tanzania daga yankunan karkara zuwa cibiyoyin birane da tsibirin Zanzibar don bautar cikin gida da cin zarafin jima'i na kasuwanci; wasu ma'aikatan gida da ke tserewa daga masu cin zarafin ma'aikata sun zama ganima ga tilasta karuwanci. A wasu yankuna, hukumomin daukar ma'aikata marasa rajista sun shiga cikin daukar kananan yara daga yankunan karkara don yin aiki a matsayin mataimakan gida a babban birnin, inda suke ƙarƙashin cin zarafi. An ruwaito cewa an yi fataucin yara da manya na Tanzania zuwa wasu ƙasashe ciki har da Mozambique, Uganda, Kenya, Afirka ta Kudu, Habasha, Yemen, Oman, Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, United Kingdom, Amurka, Faransa, Italiya da China. Yara da aka yi wa fataucin mutane daga Burundi da Kenya, da kuma manya daga Bangladesh, Indiya, Nepal da Yemen, ana fataucin su ne don tilasta aiki a fannonin hakar ma'adinai, noma da sabis na cikin gida na Tanzania, kuma wani lokacin ana kuma fuskantar fataucin jima'i.

Ofishin Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka don Kulawa da Yaki da Cin Hanci da Kasuwanci a cikin Mutane ya sanya kasar a cikin "Tier 2" a cikin 2017  da 2023 

 Shari'a (2008) 
Kokarin tilasta bin doka na yaki da fataucin mutane na Tanzania ya inganta sosai a shekarar da ta gabata sakamakon sabon horar da 'yan sanda, kudaden gwamnati da ba a taɓa gani ba na rundunar 'yan sanda ta yaki da fatalicin mutane, da kuma karuwar wayar da kan jama'a game da fatauccin mutane tsakanin' yan bin doka na Tanzania. Dokar Tanzania ba ta haramta duk wani nau'in fataucin mutane ba, kuma Zanzibar tana da lambar doka daban daga yankin Tanzania. A cikin ƙasa, ana iya gurfanar da masu fataucin mutane a ƙarƙashin dokokin da ke akwai waɗanda ke aikata laifuka game da sayar da mutane, aikin tilas, aikin yara, da laifuka daban-daban na jima'i. A Zanzibar, ana iya gurfanar da masu fataucin mutane a karkashin Dokar Shari'a wacce ke aikata laifuka da satar mutane, satar mutane da Bautar. Bayan watanni shida na Zanzibar don yin sharhi game da tsarin dokar yaki da fataucin mutane, majalisar ministocin Tanzania ta amince da lissafin a tsakiyar watan Janairun 2008 kuma ta gabatar da shi don karatun farko ga majalisar makonni biyu bayan haka. An tura lissafin zuwa kwamitin tattaunawa da gyare-gyare, tare da kuri'un majalisar da ake sa ran kafin karshen shekara ta 2008. Yin amfani da dokokin da ke akwai, gwamnati ta yi bincike sosai kan shari'o'in fataucin mutane a lokacin bayar da rahoto; duk da haka, babu sanannun gurfanar da su ko kuma hukunce-hukunce.

Kungiyar Anti-Human Trafficking Unit ta binciki duk hanyoyin da jama'a ko wasu hukumomin tilasta bin doka suka ruwaito wa 'yan sanda. An saki wanda ake tuhuma a kan beli yayin da binciken ke ci gaba. Bugu da kari, sashin ya ci gaba da bincike kan wani gidan karuwai na Zanzibari wanda ke sayar da yara ta hanyar Intanet; irin wannan aikata laifuka na yanar gizo sabo ne a Tanzania kuma 'yan sanda suna neman horo kan yadda za a bincika waɗannan laifuka.

Har ila yau, 'yan sanda na Tanzania sun hada kai da Interpol don gano wanda ake zargi da fataucin Tanzaniya a Afirka ta Kudu ta amfani da sabuwar fasahar wayar salula. Shirin "koyar da masu horar da 'yan sanda 18 da jami'an shige da fice a Zanzibar sun kaddamar da shirin horar da masu fataucin mutane na musamman na Gwamnatin Zanzibari a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2007. Wannan ya haifar da horar da gwamnatin Zanzibari a watan Yunin 2007, tare da gwani na yaki da fataucin Amurka, na jami'an shige da fice 22. A cikin ƙasa, jami'an tsaro 332 sun sami takamaiman horo na yaki da fataucin mutane a cikin 2007. Ana zargin shiga, ko haƙuri na, fataucin da ƙananan jami'an shige da fice suka yi, amma ba a tabbatar da su ba.

 Karewa (2008) 
Kokarin gwamnati na kare wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane a lokacin bayar da rahoto ya kasance sananne, kodayake ya ci gaba da shan wahala daga rashin albarkatu. Jami'an gwamnati a kai a kai sun dogara da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu guda uku don samar da mafaka, shawarwari, da kuma farfadowa ga wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane. Hukumomin gwamnati sun tura wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane ga wadannan kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu a yankunan da ake samun taimakon wadanda aka azabtar. Misali, a cikin kwata na biyu na shekara ta 2007, wani mafaka na NGO ya karbi mata 23 da aka yi wa fataucin mutane; 'yan sanda sun tura 17 kuma ma'aikacin zamantakewa ya tura daya. A watan Janairun shekara ta 2008, Ƙungiyar Anti-Human Trafficking Unit ta canza manufofinta na buƙatar wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane su je ofishin 'yan sanda don yin sanarwa; yanzu wata mace 'yar sanda mai sutura ta ziyarci mafaka don samun maganganun wadanda ke fama leken jima'i a cikin wani wuri mai zaman kansa. Har ila yau, ƙungiyar ta hayar da sajan 'yan sanda mata don sauƙaƙa hulɗarta da mata da abin ya shafa.

Ana samun wayar tarho ta sa'o'i 24 da jami'an 'yan sanda na Tanzania ke aiki don' yan ƙasa su yi rahotanni game da wadanda ake zargi da fataucin mutane. Duk da yake har yanzu yana da matukar damuwa saboda rashin kudade, Ma'aikatar Ayyuka ta ba da kasafin kuɗi kusan $ 60,000 ga Hukumar Kula da Ayyuka da Ayyukan Bincike don binciken aikin yara. A shekara ta 2007, Ma'aikatar Ayyuka ta janye kusan wadanda suka kamu da cutar 1,100 daga yanayin tilasta wa yara aiki, mafi yawansu an ba su damar biyan diyya ga karatun da suka rasa ta hanyar yin rajista a daya daga cikin Cibiyoyin Koyon Al'umma 305 na Ma'aikatu. Gwamnati gabaɗaya tana ƙarfafa taimakon waɗanda abin ya shafa a cikin bincike da gurfanar da masu fataucin su, amma rashin hanyoyin ƙasa don kariya ga waɗanda aka azabtar mai yiwuwa ya haifar da korar yawancin waɗanda aka azabta daga ƙasashen waje kafin a gano su ko kuma su iya ba da shaida a kotu. Ba a ba da izinin shari'a ga waɗanda ke fama da cutar zuwa ƙasashe waɗanda za su fuskanci wahala ko fansa. A cikin 'yan lokuta, rashin isasshen wuraren mafaka ya tilasta wa jami'an Tanzaniya su ba da gida ga wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane a cikin kurkuku.

 Rigakafi (2008) 
Muradin siyasa don magance fataucin mutane a Tanzania ya karu sosai a lokacin rahoton, wanda ya haifar da ƙarin ƙoƙarin rigakafin kankare. Shawarwarin Shugaba Kikwete na yaki da fataucin mutane ya hanzarta tsara dokokin yaki da fatauchin mutane da horar da tilasta bin doka. Ma'aikatan Anti-Human Trafficking Unit sun bayyana a cikin rediyo da talabijin kuma sun rarraba littattafai game da fataucin mutane; waɗannan ƙoƙarin wayar da kan jama'a sun haifar da karuwar yawan jagororin da ƙungiyar ta karɓa a cikin watanni shida da suka gabata na 2007. Shirin Kula da Cutar kanjamau na Ma'aikatar Lafiya na Kasa ya gudanar da horo na rabin rana na masu horar da mutane kan fataucin mutane ga masu kula da kiwon lafiya 41 daga yankuna 21; waɗannan masu horarwar sun ba da horo ga ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya a yankunansu. 'Yan ƙasar Tanzania suna karɓar horo game da haƙƙin ɗan adam, gami da zaman kan jinsi da haƙƙin mata, kariya ga fararen hula, da dokar jin kai ta duniya, kafin a tura su a matsayin wani ɓangare na ayyukan kiyaye zaman lafiya na duniya.

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Fataucin Mutane a Afirka