Dokar Ƴancin Ghana ta 1957

Dokar 'Yancin Ghana ta 1957 Dokar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ce wacce ta ba da cikakken gwamnati ga Gold Coast a cikin Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Burtaniya a ƙarƙashin sunan Ghana .  Dokar ta sami amincewar sarauta a ranar 7 ga Fabrairu 1957 kuma Ghana ta kasance a ranar 6 6 Maris 1957.

 Tarihi 
Ba za a iya samun 'yancin kai a cikin Commonwealth na Burtaniya ba ta hanyar yankin da ke dogara kamar Gold Coast ba tare da dokar da aka zartar a Westminster ba.de Smith, S. A. (July 1957). "The Independence of Ghana". The Modern Law Review. 20 (4): 347–363. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2230.1957.tb00448.x. JSTOR 1092185. Babban tanadin Dokar ya bi Dokar Westminster da Dokar Independence ta Ceylon ta 1947.  An ba da 'yancin kai ga Gold Coast ta hanyar ayyukan majalisa guda biyu, wato, wucewar Dokar da kuma yin Dokar Ghana (Kundin Tsarin Mulki) a Majalisar 1957. Wani lamari da ya rikitar da dokar shi ne cewa abin da zai zama Ghana ba tsarin mulki guda ba ne amma yankuna huɗu daban-daban:

 Gold Coast Colony wanda ya kasance Crown Colony sabili da haka wani ɓangare na mulkin Sarauniya;
 Ashanti wanda kuma ya kasance mulkin mallaka kuma wani ɓangare na mulkin mallaka.
 Yankin Arewacin Gold Coast wanda ya kasance mai kula da Burtaniya kuma ba wani ɓangare na mulkin Sarauniya ba; kuma
 British Togoland wanda ya kasance yankin amincewa na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kuma ba wani ɓangare na mulkin Sarauniya ba."The Legislation Providing for the Grant of Independence to Ghana". Journal of African Law. 1 (2): 99–112. Summer 1957. doi:10.1017/S0021855300000176. JSTOR 745294. S2CID 249895708.

Game da Yankin Arewa, dokar ta dakatar da yarjejeniyar tare da shugabannin 'yan asalin da aka kafa matsayin mai kariya. Game da Togoland na Burtaniya, an gudanar da raba gardama don tantance yardar mutanenta don kasancewa tare da sauran abin da zai zama Ghana."The Legislation Providing for the Grant of Independence to Ghana". Journal of African Law. 1 (2): 99–112. Summer 1957. doi:10.1017/S0021855300000176. JSTOR 745294. S2CID 249895708. Tare da tasiri daga lokacin da Dokar ta fara aiki duk abin da ya zama Ghana ya zama wani ɓangare na mulkin sarauta a matsayin mulkin mallaka guda ɗaya, mai haɗin kai mai suna Ghana.

 Hanyar samun 'yancin kai 
Dokar 'yancin kai ta fara farawa ne bayan dawowar Jam'iyyar Jama'a ta Yarjejeniya zuwa mulki a babban zaben Gold Coast na shekara ta 1954. Jam'iyyar ta lashe kujeru 79 daga cikin 104.de Smith, S. A. (July 1957). "The Independence of Ghana". The Modern Law Review. 20 (4): 347–363. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2230.1957.tb00448.x. JSTOR 1092185. Gwamnatin Gold Coast ta bayyana fatan samun 'yancin kai a cikin rayuwar sabuwar majalisa.

Wani takaddama a cikin Gold Coast game da nau'in Kundin Tsarin Mulki bayan 'yancin kai har yanzu ba a warware shi ba har zuwa shekara ta 1956. de Smith, S. A. (July 1957). "The Independence of Ghana". The Modern Law Review. 20 (4): 347–363. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2230.1957.tb00448.x. JSTOR 1092185. A wannan shekarar gwamnatin Burtaniya ta bayyana a fili cewa idan ta sami goyon bayan "mafi yawanci", Burtaniya ta shirya don yin doka don Gold Coast don samun 'yancin kai a cikin Commonwealth ta Burtaniya. Sakataren Harkokin Waje na Koloni ya kara da cewa "[cikakken memba na Commonwealth, ba shakka, tambaya ce daban kuma batun tuntuɓar tsakanin dukkan mambobin Commonwealth da ke akwai. "  Wannan bambancin ya nuna ra'ayin cewa cikakken memba na Commonwealth yana buƙatar yardar dukkan mambobin Mankomunity.[f] Daga ƙarshe, duk membobin Commonwealth sun yarda da cikakken memba na Commonwealth na Ghana. Firayim Ministan Burtaniya ne ya sanar da yarjejeniyar Commonwealth game da wannan a ranar 21 ga Fabrairu 1957. An bayar da Takaddun shaida da suka zama ofishin Gwamna-Janar na Ghana da Umurnin sarauta ga Gwamna-Janar a ranar 23 ga Fabrairu 1957 kuma sun fara aiki a ranar 6 ga Maris 1957.  Wani tsari a cikin Majalisar ya ba Ghana kundin tsarin mulkinta na farko.

 Ranar Independence 
An zaɓi ranar samun 'yancin kai ta 6 ga Maris saboda muhimmancin tarihi: A ranar 6 ga Maris 1844, wani rukuni na shugabannin Fante a Ghana sun sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya tare da gwamnan Burtaniya na lokacin. Wannan yarjejeniyar, wacce aka fi sani da Bond na 1844, ta zama alama ce ta ikon mallakar karamar hukuma na hukumomin 'yan asalin ƙasar.

 Bayanan da aka ambata