Kabarin Meryra

kabarin Meryra yana daga cikin rukunin kaburbura da ke Amarna, Upper Egypt . An sanya su a gefen dutsen, kaburbura sun kasu kashi biyu a arewa da kudu. Kabarin Meryra, wanda aka gano a matsayin Amarna Tomb 4, yana cikin tarin arewa. Cocin kabarin shine mafi girma kuma mafi kyau daga cikin manyan kaburbura na Amarna. Ba a kammala shi ba, tare da yawancin waɗannan kaburbura. An gina kaburbura na dutse na Amarna musamman ga jami'an Sarki Akhenaton a Daular 18. Norman na Garis Davies da farko ya buga cikakkun bayanai game da kabarin a cikin 1903 a cikin Kabarin Rock na El Amarna, Sashe na I - Kabarin Meryra.Redford, Donald, B. "The Sun-disc in Akhenaten's Program: Its Worship and Antecedents, Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt". 13. (1976), 47-61, https://www.jstor.org/stable/40001118. (accessed October 29, 2010). 

Kabarin Amarna har yanzu suna tsaye ba tare da lalacewa ba duk da haka a cikin jihohi daban-daban na yanayi, iconoclasm, ko lalata da gangan. Kowannensu ya bambanta a cikin layout da kuma nunawa dangane da ayyukansu ga Sarki duk da haka da yawa suna da alamu masu maimaitawa iri ɗaya. Kabarin Meryra yana nuna cikakken ra'ayoyi game da hotuna na sarauta da ra'ayoyin gine-gine na Babban Haikali na Aten a cikin hotuna na kwance da na tsaye. Kabarin Meryra yana da labari na musamman saboda aikinsa a matsayin Babban Firist na Aten . 

 Meryra 
Meryra ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Firist na bautar Aten, sabon al'adar addini da Sarki Akhenaten ya kafa. Wannan tsarin imani ya ba da fifiko ga bautar rana a cikin nau'in Aten, ko hasken rana, allahn da ke kunshe da ra'ayin alloli da yawa a cikin asalin rana. MeryRa ya karbi allahn hasken rana "Ra" a cikin sunansa don nuna amincinsa ga Atenism. Kyautar Meryra na kabarin ya ba da shaida ga cancanta ga Akhenaten a matsayin watakila Babban Firist na Aten.Davies, Norman de Garis (1903). The Rock Tombs of El Amarna, Part I: The Tomb of Meryra. London, Boston: Offices of the Egypt Exploration Fund. p. 19

Ba duk jami'an Amarna ba ne suke da kaburbura. Kasancewa da kabarin a Amarna ya nuna kusanci da Akhenaten, saboda, a wani bangare, don nuna jajircewa ga tsarin Atens na Akhenaten. Kabarin yana ba da bayani game da rayuwar Meryra da Babban Haikali na Aten . An ɗaukaka shi zuwa Babban Firist na Aten a wani matsayi mai girma a cikin aikinsa a matsayin "Mai gani" na addinin Aten. Ya rike taken "Fanbearer on The Right Hand of The King" a matsayin matsayin kusanci da sarauta. 

Kawai a cikin ɗakin da ke gaba zuwa zauren da aka yi da ginshiƙai an nuna Meryra a cikin cikakken hoto sanye da ginshiƙi huɗu na girmamawa a wuyansa. Bayanan iyali sun iyakance ga hotuna na matarsa, Tenra, wanda aka nuna kai tsaye a gaban yin hadayu kuma an bayyana shi a matsayin "Babban ƙaunataccen Lady of the Two Lands."Uwargidan Kasashe Biyu tana nufin Nefertiti, sarauniyar Akhenaten . Hoton sarauniya a cikin kabarin yana da wuya a cikin zane-zanen kabarin Masar duk da haka Nefertiti yana da manyan hotuna tare da kambi daban-daban a bayan Sarki a duk kaburbura na Amarna. Koyaya, wannan tsawo na Tenra, mace marar sarauta a cikin cikakken hoto na musamman ne ga duk sauran kaburbura na Amarna. Ta sa fararen lilin, fillet, kuma tana da ƙanshin turare a kanta wanda ke nuna kayan ado na New Kingdom burial art.

 Tsarin kabarin 
An gano kabarin a cikin yanayi mai kyau idan aka kwatanta da sauran kaburbura na Amarna. Bayan mutuwar Akhenaten, an lalata hotunan mulkinsa da addininsa saboda an dauke su masu ridda. A cikin kabarin Meryra, an goge siffofin Akhenaten da Nefertiti akai-akai amma har yanzu ana iya ganin jikinsu da alamun su a ƙarƙashin hasken Aten don wuri. An lalata shi ne kawai ga waɗannan mutane, kuma sunayen da adadi na sarakuna sun kasance ba a taɓa su ba. 

Kabarin ya kunshi sassa huɗu: ɗakin gaba, zauren ginshiƙai, zauren na biyu, da kuma wurin ibada. Da farko akwai ginshiƙai huɗu da ke riƙe da rufin a cikin zauren ginshiƙan amma an cire biyu a zamanin Coptic. Ba a kammala zauren na biyu da masallacin ba. Koyaya, a cikin gine-gine yana yiwuwa a ga inda za a cire tubalan asali daga zauren waje kuma inda aka fara ƙarin ginshiƙai kuma an bar su ba cikakke ba. An yi ado da ƙofar kabarin da rubutun ga dangin Amarna Royal da allahn Aten. Wadannan kayan ado ko dai an lalata su, ko kuma an ɓoye su da ƙofofin zamani da ke kare ƙofar kabarin. 

Gidan da ke gaba da kansa yana nuna Meryra yana yin addu'o'i ga Akhenaten, da kuma cartouches guda biyar na sarki, Nefertiti da Aten. An rubuta ƙofofin ƙofar tare da addu'o'in jana'izar Akhenaten da Aten. Ƙofar daga ɗakin gaba zuwa zauren waje shine wurin ganuwar biyu da aka yi wa ado da Meryre yana bauta wa Short Hymn ga Aten, kuma yana nuna matar Meryre Tenre tana ba da gudummawa ga sun-disc. Saboda wannan ɗakin, Meryra yana da cikakkun hotuna shida na shi. Fiye da kowane mai kabarin Amarna.

 Bayan Amarna 
Bayan mutuwar Akhenaten, an watsar da birnin Ahketaten a cikin kimanin shekaru uku bayan maye gurbin Fir'auna daban-daban na Amarna kamar Smenkare, Neferneferuaten kuma, a ƙarshe Tutankhamun. Yana yiwuwa Meryra ya koma Memphis a matsayin mai kula da Haikali na Aten a can. An san shi da suna Meryneith daga kabarinsa da aka gano a 2001 a Saqqara . Sunan yana nufin "Ƙaunataccen Neith," yayin da ya zama "Priest na farko na Neith".

An sami matani iri-iri a cikin kabarin, gami da addu'o'in da baƙi za su yi wa kabarin, da kuma matani na addini, kamar Hymn to the Aten . Babban Waƙar yabo ga Aten, wanda aka ce Akhenaten da kansa ya rubuta ko ya rera shi yana murna da Aten a matsayin mahaliccin duniya na dukan rayuwa. Kodayake yayi kama da waƙoƙi ga Amun, Waƙoƙi zuwa Aten yana nuna asalin fahimtar Akhenaten game da addinin hasken rana.

 Hotuna 

 Dubi kuma 

 Kabarin Manyan mutane (Amarna) 

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba