Regina Twala

Regina Gelana Twala (1908-1968) yar gwagwarmayar mata ce, marubuci, malami, mai bincike, mai bishara, kuma shugabar 'yanci a Afirka ta Kudu da eSwatini .

Twala ya zama ƙwararren mai bincike, marubuci kuma ɗan gwagwarmayar siyasa, yana taimakawa haɗin gwiwar kafa Jam'iyyar Ci gaba ta Swaziland . Ita ce kuma mace daya tilo da ta tsaya takara a Majalisar Dokoki ta farko ta Swaziland a shekarar 1963.

 Tarihin Rayuwa 

 Rayuwar farko 
An haifi Twala Regina Dorris Mazibuko  a cikin 1908 a eNdaleni, Afirka ta Kudu a cikin dangin Zulu .    An girma ta a tashar mishan na Methodist na karkara a eNdaleni. Mahaifiyarta, Muriel Majozi, ta yi aikin gida a Durban. 

 Ilimi da farkon aiki 
Twala ta sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta 'yan mata ta Indaleni a shekara ta 1924, inda, duk da iyakokin ilimin mishan ga mata a lokacin, ta yi fice a fannin ilimi.  Twala ya horar da shi a matsayin malamin makaranta a Kwalejin Adams, makarantar mishan ta Amurka da ke gabar tekun Natal.  Aikinta na farko ita ce koyarwa a tsohuwar makarantarta da ke Indaleni. Yayin da yake aiki a matsayin malami a farkon shekarun 1930, Twala ya rubuta shafi na yau da kullum don shahararren jaridar Black daily Bantu World a ƙarƙashin sunan Mademoiselle. Mawallafin tarihin Twala, Joel Cabrita ya rubuta cewa ginshiƙai ashirin da uku da Twala ya rubuta a matsayin Mademoiselle sun kasance "majagaba a cikin bikin 'yancin kai na mata."  A cikin 1935, ta fara rubuta irin wannan shafi ga jaridar Umteteli wa Bantu da sunan alkalami Sister Kollie. Yayin rubuta waɗannan takardu, Twala ta shiga kuma ta ci gasar rubuce-rubuce da yawa, gami da lambar yabo ta biyu a lambar yabo ta May Esther Bedford don wata maƙala mai suna "Tales of Swazi and Hlubiland" wadda ta rubuta bisa ga hirarraki da danginta a eNdaleni. 

 Johannesburg 
A shekara ta 1936, Twala ta auri mijinta na farko, Percy Kumalo, ma'aikaci a wurin hakar zinare a Johannesburg.  Ta ƙaura daga eNdaleni zuwa Johannesburg don zama tare da Kumalo. A birnin Johannesburg, ta yi aiki a makarantar mishan ta Hukumar Amurka bisa ka'ida ta lokacin da da zarar sun yi aure, mata suna daina aiki a wajen gidajensu. 

 Karin ilimi 
Twala yayi karatu a matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar farko na Jan Hofmyer School of Social Work, cibiyar farko don horar da ma'aikatan zamantakewar Black a Afirka ta Kudu, inda ta kammala karatun digiri a 1942 a saman aji. 

A cikin 1948, bayan kammala digiri na BA a cikin ilimin zamantakewa ta zama mace Bakar fata ta biyu da ta sami digiri daga Jami'ar Witwatersrand a Johannesburg ( Mary Malahela, likitar likita, ita ce mace Bakar fata ta farko da ta kammala karatun jami'a, shekara daya da ta gabata).  Daga nan ta ci gaba da karatun digiri a jami’ar, inda karatun ta ya mayar da hankali kan aikin bead na Afirka.  

 Sana'a 
Twala ta zama ƙwararriyar mai bincike, musamman kan al'amuran mata da al'adunsu na asali a kudancin Afirka.     Ta kuma kafa dakin karatu na musamman don mata. 

A matsayin marubuci, Twala ya ba da gudummawar ginshiƙan jaridu zuwa wallafe-wallafe da yawa a cikin Swaziland, gami da Umteteli Wa Bantu da Izwi lama Swazi .   Ta akai-akai ta rubuta a ƙarƙashin wasu sunaye, gami da Mademoiselle, Gelana, RD Twala, Reggie, da Sister Kollie.  Lokacin da ta mutu, ta bar littattafai huɗu da ba a buga ba.  

Twala ya kasance majagaba na mata na Afirka kuma jagorar 'yanci, mai fafutuka a cikin gwagwarmayar adawa da mulkin mallaka. 

Ayyukanta na siyasa sun haɗa a cikin 1960 tare da kafa jam'iyyar Progressive Swaziland, wanda ta kasance mai tasiri.   

She was a candidate for Swaziland's first Legislative Council in the 1964 Swazi general election, running as an independent in the Manzini constituency. Twala was the only woman to be nominated in the election. She did not win a seat.

Ƙari ga haka, Twala majagaba ne na bautar Pentikostal a yankin, memba mai ƙwazo na ƙungiyar Kirista ta bishara.   An yaba mata da gabatar da majalissar dokokin Allah a yankin da a yanzu yake eSwatini. 

 Rayuwa ta sirri 
A cikin 1939, ta auri ɗan'uwanta Dan Twala, wanda ya zama babban mai haɗin gwiwa a cikin aikinta.    Ma'auratan sun kasance abokai na kut da kut da Nelson Mandela da Winnie Madikizela-Mandela . 

 Mutuwa 
Twala ya mutu a shekara ta 1968, wata daya kafin Swaziland ta sami 'yancin kai.  

 Legacy 
Littafin Joel Marie Cabrita game da Twala, mai suna Written Out: The Silencing of Regina Gelana Twala, an buga shi a cikin Janairu 2023 ta Jami'ar Ohio ta Press da Wits University Press .   

 Hanyoyin haɗi na waje 

 Taskar bayanai masu alaƙa da Regina Twala

 Nassoshi 

Rukuni:Mutuwan 1968
Rukuni:Mutanen Zulu
Rukuni:Mata ƴan jarida
Rukuni:Haihuwar 1908
Rukuni:Mata marubuta
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba