Samun damar bayanan jama'a a Georgia

Samun damar yin amfani da bayanan jama'a da ƴancin yin bayani (FOI) suna nufin haƙƙin samun damar bayanan da ƙungiyoyin jama'a ke riƙe kuma aka sani da "yancin sani". Ana ɗaukar damar samun bayanan jama'a da mahimmancin mahimmanci don ingantaccen aiki na tsarin dimokuradiyya, saboda yana haɓaka lissafin gwamnatoci da jami'an jama'a, haɓaka sa hannun mutane da ba da damar shigarsu cikin ilimin rayuwar jama'a. Tushen haƙƙin samun bayanan jama'a shi ne cewa bayanan da cibiyoyin gwamnati ke da su a zahiri na jama'a ne kuma ana iya ɓoye su ne kawai bisa dalilai na halal waɗanda ya kamata a fayyace su cikin doka.Freedom of Information, UNESCO. Retrieved 2016-10-16.

'Yanci na Bayani (FOI) a Jojiya an tsara shi ta babi na 3 na Babban Gudanarwa na Jojiya, wanda ke aiki tun daga 1999. Duk da cewa tabbatar da tsarin shari'a game da 'yancin bayanai ya ƙunshi tanadi mai kyau, bisa ga ka'idoji na kasa da kasa da ayyuka, da kuma ayyuka a Jojiya, an yi la'akari da aikin da aka kasance a bayaAccess to Public Information in Georgia. Report Summarizing 2010 - 2015". Institute for Development of Freedom of Information (IDFI). December 2015. Retrieved 24 January 2017. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help) A cikin 2013 na Cibiyar Tattalin Arziki da Tattalin Arziki (Cooperation Network for 2013). ya lura cewa tanade-tanaden FOI na Jojiya za su amfana daga cikakken kuma faffadan bita.Third Round of Monitoring. Georgia. Monitoring Report" (PDF). Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Anti-corruption Network for Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Istanbul Anti-corruption Action Plan. July 2016. Retrieved 24 January 2017. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ƙungiyoyin jama'a na Jojiya sun ba da shawarar inganta dokar, kuma Gwamnati ta ɗauki nauyin yin bayani dalla-dalla game da sabuwar doka game da 'yancin yin bayani. Amincewa da sabuwar dokar 'Yancin Bayanai na ɗaya daga cikin alkawuran gwamnatin Jojiya a cikin tsarin tsarin aikinta na shekara-shekara don aiwatar da yarjejeniyar ƙungiyar tsakanin EU da Jojiya da aka sanya hannu a cikin 2014.

 Tsarin doka 
Dokar da ke akwai ta bayyana cewa duk bayanan jama'a a buɗe suke in ban da shari'o'in da doka ta kafa da bayanan da haƙƙin keɓantawa ko sirrin kasuwanci ke rufe. A Jojiya, kowa yana da damar neman bayanin jama'a. Masu neman ba sai sun fayyace dalilan bukatarsu ba. Mai nema yana da zaɓi don a ba shi izinin duba ainihin bayanan da ake buƙata ko don neman kwafi. Ya kamata a yi buƙatun bayanai a rubuce, gami da ta hanyar lantarki. Kudade don samar da bayanan jama'a doka ta hana su karara, sai dai don biyan ainihin kudaden da ake kashewa don samar da kwafi."Reforming Georgia's Access to Information Law" (PDF). Open Society Georgia Foundation. July 2016. Retrieved 24 January 2017. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

Cibiyoyin jama'a wajibi ne su ba da bayanin da ake buƙata nan da nan ko ba a jima ba cikin kwanakin aiki 10 na aikace-aikacen. Dole ne a sanar da masu buƙatun kin bayyana bayanai nan da nan kuma dole ne a ba su, a cikin kwanaki 3 na ƙi, rubutaccen bayanin dalilin ƙin yarda da kuma bayanin kan hanyoyin ɗaukaka. A cikin tsarin daukaka karar, da nufin kalubalantar hukuncin kin amincewa da wata cibiya ta jama'a, nauyin hujjar yana kan cibiyoyin jama'a.

Har ila yau, dokar Georgian ta tabbatar da cewa dole ne hukumomin jama'a su buga bayanai da hankali, wato ba tare da buƙatar aika buƙatu ba, bisa ga ƙa'idodin da aka tsara a cikin dokokin sakandare, wato a cikin gyaran da aka yi wa Babban Dokokin Gudanarwa na Jojiya a shekara ta 2012 kan bayyanar da kai tsaye da kuma buƙatun lantarki na bayanan jama'a.

Cibiyoyin jama'a wajibi ne su gabatar da rahoto kowace shekara ga majalisa, shugaban kasa da Firayim Minista game da yadda suke bin dokar bayanai da samar da sabbin kididdiga da bayanai.

Wani muhimmin sabon sabon sabon daftarin da kungiyoyin fararen hula da masana suka yi shi ne kafa ofishin Kwamishinan Watsa Labarai, sabuwar cibiya da ke da hurumin sa ido kan yadda ake aiwatar da dokar, da bayyana al’amuran da ba su dace ba, da kuma daukar matakan kare hakkin jama’a. Wannan zai magance daya daga cikin manya-manyan gibin da ke tattare da dokokin da ake da su, watau rashin samar da wata kafa ta tsakiya da ke da ikon kula da bin cibiyoyin gwamnati da ka’idojin da ake da su. Wani nakasu na tsarin doka na yanzu ya shafi rashin tsarin takunkumi a lokuta na rashin bin doka. Har ila yau, kebantattun abubuwan da ba a bayyana su ba suna da shubuha kuma ba a fayyace su a fili a cikin dokar da ba ta shafi kamfanonin gwamnati ba.

Rashin gazawar dokar ya haifar da rashin daidaito a aikace na yancin samun bayanai a aikace. A cikin wannan tsari, hukumar shari’a ba ta tabbatar da cewa ita ce ingantacciyar hanyar tunkarar da wasu cibiyoyi na gwamnati na ingiza su wajen bayyana bayanan da ake bukata ba.

 Samun damar bayanai a aikace 
Samun damar yin amfani da dokar bayanai ba shi da kyau a cikin Jojiya kuma aikace-aikacen sa ya kasance matsala. Wata kungiya mai zaman kanta, Cibiyar Bunkasa 'Yancin Watsa Labarai (IDFI), ta gudanar da cikakken nazari kan yadda ake aiwatar da doka da kuma bin ka'idojin jama'a, tare da gudanar da jerin manyan gwaje-gwaje na FOI tsakanin 2010 da 2015.

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