Badimo

Badimo ( Sotho-Tswana a zahiri ma'ana "kakanni") shine sunan al'adar gargajiya ta Afirka na girmama kakanni ga mutanen Sotho-Tswana na Botswana, Lesotho da Afirka ta Kudu . Ko da yake mafi yawan mutanen Sotho-Tswana Kiristoci ne,  a haƙiƙanin gaskiya mafi yawansu suna bin aƙalla wasu al'adun da ake zaton Badimo ko da kuwa ƙwararrun mabiyan wani addini ne. 

Kalmar “Badimo”, ko da yake galibi ana fassara ta da “kakanni” ba wai kawai tana nufin mutanen da suka mutu a yanzu ba, amma ga “matattu masu rai”. A cikin al'adun gargajiya na Afirka, kakanni da suka mutu suna ci gaba da kasancewa kuma suna cikin rayuwar yau da kullum na daidaikun mutane da kabilu. An yi imani da cewa idan wani ya mutu, sun je su zauna a cikin underworld.Consuming a Colonial Cultural Bomb :Translating Badimo Into 'Demons' in the Setswana Bible (Matthew 8.28-34; 15.22; 10.8) Journal for the Study of the New Testament Daga nan, za su iya kula da masu rai, kuma su hukunta waɗanda ba su ji daɗi ba. Hukuncin da ake yi wa mutum na iya zama rashin nasara rayuwa, rashin lafiya, haɗari ko rashin nasara. Domin a faranta wa Badimo rai ko kuma a kyautata musu, sai a yi hadaya ta giya, tumaki ko akuya.

 Asalin 
Ba a ganuwa kuma yara da manyan mutane ne kawai ke ji. Suna jin yarensu kuma suna yin ƙarar iska a duk lokacin da suka motsa. Suna taimaka wa mutane cikin lafiya kuma suna iya tantance ko mutum ya kasance cikin koshin lafiya ko a'a tare da kasancewar su. An samu yara maza da yawa da aka sace aka dawo, da sanin cikakken yaren Badimo. Wadannan yaran an zabo su ne don su yi mu’amala da Badimo idan sun shiga wakilai masu zuwa. Akwai shagulgulan gargajiya da al’adun gargajiya da ake gudanarwa duk shekara kafin damina ta farko domin godiya ga magabatan da suka samu albarkar shekarar da ta gabata. A yayin wannan ibada, ana hada giya na gargajiya a kashe dabba, a dafa shi, a kai tsaunin da Badimo ke boye, ana kiran wurin Badimong ko Difokeng. Tawagar za ta bar wannan abincin sai anjima su dawo su tattauna da Badimo da tattara kayan aiki. Tawagar za ta shaida wa Badimo abin da al’umma ke ji game da rayuwarsu. Idan ’yan Badimo sun gamsu sai su gaya wa tawagar abin da suke tsammani ga al’umma. Badimo kuma tana aiki ne don sanar da dangi game da mutuwa ko kuma idan wani yana mutuwa."Badimo in the Tswapong Hills: A traditional institution in action - Botswana Notes and Records, Volume 15. PDF

 Banbancin addini 
Badimo, a tsakanin sauran addinan gargajiya, na gauraya da addini mafi rinjaye a Botswana, Lesotho da Afirka ta Kudu inda kaso kadan ne kawai ke yin addinin Kiristanci."Botswana Society & Culture Complete Report: An All-Inclusive Profile Combining All of Our Society and Culture Reports" Botswana Society & Culture Complete Report: An All-Inclusive Profile Combining All of Our Society and Culture Reports"Botswana - Religion" Botswana - ReligionWritten On Our Hearts: Tswana Christians and the 'Word of God' in the Mid-Nineteenth Century Written On Our Hearts: Tswana Christians and the 'Word of God' in the Mid-Nineteenth Century

 Magana 

 Hanyoyin haɗi na waje 

 Shafin Tarihin Afirka akan Badimo
 Al'adun Botswana - tarihi, mutane, tufafi, al'adu, mata, imani, abinci, al'adu, iyali
 Addini da al'adun bayyanawa - Tswana
 Yaren uwa na Setswana: Dama da kalubale a makarantun Namibiya
 Al'adu da Kwastam na Botswana
 Bayan mulkin mallaka, Fassara, da Littafi Mai-Tsarki a Afirka
 Jiha Da Zamantakewa: Samar da Jiha a Botswana da Tsarin Mulkinsa da Tsarin Mulki
 Abokin Wiley-Blackwell ga Addinin Afirka