Hakkin jima'i a Afirka ta Kudu

Mutanen masu jinsi daban daban a Afirka ta Kudu suna da wasu hakkoki iri ɗaya da sauran mutane, amma tare da gagarumin gibin kariya daga tsoma baki na kiwon lafiya da kariya daga nuna bambanci. Kasar ita ce ta farko da ta hada da mutanen da ke tsakanin jima'i a cikin dokar hana nuna bambanci.

 Tarihi 
Masu gwagwarmayar jima'i na farko da kuma shahararrun masu gwagwarmaya sun hada da Sally Gross da Nthabiseng Mokoena . Gross, mai adawa da wariyar launin fata kuma mai fafutukar jima'i, ya kasance wanda ya kafa kungiyar Intersex ta Afirka ta Kudu,    wata kungiya mai cin gashin kanta da ke da alaƙa da Ƙungiyar Intersex International.

A shekara ta 2000, Gross ya taimaka wajen tabbatar da ambaton farko da aka sani game da jima'i a cikin dokar ƙasa,   tare da hada "intersex" a cikin ma'anar "jima'i" a cikin dokar hana nuna bambanci na Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Kudu.  Daga baya, ta taimaka wajen tsara dokoki   kan Canjin Bayanan Jima'i, da Inganta Daidaitawa.

A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2017, masu gwagwarmayar jima'i na Afirka sun buga wata sanarwa da ta tsara bukatun cikin gida.

 Aminci na jiki da ikon cin gashin kansa na jiki 
A cikin 2016, Hukumar Afirka kan 'Yancin Dan Adam da Jama'a ta shiga wasu cibiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam wajen hukunta take hakkin dan adam a kan mutanen da ke tsakanin jima'i, gami da saitunan kiwon lafiya. A cikin 2016, Kwamitin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan 'Yancin Yara ya ba da shawarwari don tabbatar da amincin jiki da kuma ƙaddamar da kai na intersex da sauran yara, da kuma tabbatar da takunkumi ga masu aikata mummunan ayyuka. Gwamnatin Afirka ta Kudu ta yarda cewa irin waɗannan ayyukan suna faruwa a cikin ƙasar.

 Karewa daga nuna bambanci 
A Afirka ta Kudu, Dokar Kwaskwarimar Harkokin Shari'a, 2005 (Dokar 22 ta 2005) ta gyara Dokar Inganta Daidaitawa da Rigakafin Nuna Bambanci mara adalci, 2000 (Dokar 4 ta 2000) don haɗa da jima'i a cikin ma'anar jima'i. Jima'i yana daya daga cikin dalilan da aka haramta a karkashin dokar, wanda ke nufin cewa nuna bambanci bisa ga jima'i ana zaton ba daidai ba ne, sabili da haka an haramta shi, sai dai idan an tabbatar da in ba haka ba. Dokar ta ba da cewa:



Ba a san ko Caster Semenya yana da yanayin jima'i ba. Koyaya, jayayya game da maganin ta da gwajin tabbatar da jima'i ya sa ta zama sananniya. Shahararrun shugabannin jama'a na Afirka ta Kudu, masu sharhi, 'yan siyasa, da masu fafutuka sun nuna gardamar a matsayin wariyar launin fata, da kuma cin zarafin sirrin Semenya da' yancin ɗan adam.

 Takardun ganewa 
Dokar Canjin Bayani na Jima'i da Dokar Yanayin Jima'a, 2003 (Dokar 49 ta 2003) tana ba da damar mutanen da ke tsakanin jima'i su canza jima'i da aka rubuta a takardun hukuma. Dole ne mai nema ya gabatar da rahoton likita wanda ke nuna cewa suna da jima'i da kuma rahoto daga masanin ilimin halayyar dan adam ko ma'aikacin zamantakewa wanda ke nuna gore sun rayu akalla shekaru biyu a cikin rawar jinsi.

 Aure 
Duk ma'aurata na iya yin aure a Afirka ta Kudu, ba tare da la'akari da halayensu ba. A ranar 1 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2005, a cikin shari'ar Ministan Harkokin Cikin Gida v Fourie, Kotun Tsarin Mulki ta yanke hukuncin cewa ba bisa ka'ida ba ne ga jihar ta hana ma'aurata masu jinsi guda damar yin aure, kuma ta ba majalisar shekara guda don gyara halin da ake ciki.[1] A ranar 30 ga Nuwamba 2006 Dokar Tarayyar Jama'a ta fara aiki; duk da taken ta yana samar da auren jinsi ɗaya.

 Kaddamar da 'yancin kai 
A cikin 2017, an fara aiki a kan "Dokar Misali kan haƙƙin mutanen da ke tsakanin jima'i a Afirka". An gudanar da taron shawarwari na farko a Cibiyar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam a Jami'ar Pretoria . 

 Bayanan da aka ambata