Yaƙin Segheneyti

Yaƙin Segheneyti,  ko Saganèiti, ɗan ƙaramin rikici ne da aka yi a ranar 8 ga watan Agusta, 1888  tsakanin sojojin Masarautar Italiya da rashin bin ka'ida na Abyssiniya zuwa ƙarshen Yaƙin Italo da Habasha na 1887-1889.CAULK, R.— 1984 "Bad Men of the Borders: ‘Shum' and ‘Shifta' in Northern Ethiopia in the Nineteenth Century", The Journal of African Historical Studies 2 (17): 201-227.NEGASH, T.— 1984 "Resistance and Collaboration in Eritrea", in S. RUBENSON (ed.), Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference of Ethiopian Studies (Addis Ababa: Institute of Ethiopian Studies; East Lansing: African Studies Center, Michigan State University): 315-325. Yaƙin ya haifar da lalata abubuwan haɗin Italiya da aka tura zuwa Segheneyti.BATTAGLIA, R. — 1958 La prima guerra d'Africa (Torino: Einaudi): 342-345(BATTAGLIA 1958: 342-345)

 Yaƙi 
A cikin watan Yulin 1888 sojojin Janar Antonio Baldissera suka fara aiki don faɗaɗa mallakar Italiya a Eritrea, tun daga Massawa da aka rigaya suka samu suka kai hari kan garuruwan Keren da Asmara. A wannan lokaci Italiyawa sun fuskanci matsalar wani shugaban gida, Debeb, wanda ke kusa da Ras Alula kuma a baya yana hidima. Debeb da barasa sun gudu a cikin watan Maris 1888, bayan da sojojin Janar San Marzano suka jagoranci hare-hare a kan ƙabilun da suka miƙa wuya ga Italiyawa.Bruner, S. (2014). Conflicting obituaries: The Abyssinian ‘outlaw’ Debeb as treacherous bandit and romantic hero in late nineteenth-century Italian imagination. Modern Italy, 19(4), 405-419. doi:10.1080/13532944.2014.939164 

Aikin kama Debeb tare da tarwatsa ƙungiyarsa, Baldissera ne ya damka wa kyaftin Cornacchia, wanda ya jagoranci tawagar 'Bashi-bazouk' 400, 300 na cikin gida da kuma jami'an Italiya huɗu.  Tawagar ta tashi daga Ua-a a ranar 4 ga watan Agusta 1889, zuwa ƙauyen Segeneiti, inda, a cewar 'yan leƙen asirin, sansanin Debeb ya kasance.

Harin da aka kai Debeb ya kamata ya zama abin mamaki, amma wannan shiri ya faskara saboda an ɗauki tsawon lokaci fiye da yadda ake tsammani kafin sojojin Italiya su isa Segheneyti, lamarin da ya baiwa sojojin Habasha isasshen lokaci domin a sanar da su harin.  Lokacin da sojojin Italiya suka isa a ranar 8 ga watan Agusta, 1888, sojojin Italiya sun mamaye Segheneyti, amma ba a sami Debeb a wurin ba, saboda an yi musu gargaɗi cikin lokaci, kuma ya gudu daga ƙauyen ya tsaya tare da sojojinsa a kan tudu. Daga nan ne manyan dakarun Debeb suka yi kwanton ɓauna a ginshiƙin Masarautar; Bayan kashe kyaftin ɗin da wasu jami'an Italiya, rundunar ta tarwatsa ta kuma koma Massawa, inda ta kashe kimanin mutane 200 a filin yaƙin.

 Bayan haka 
Cin kashi, ko da yake qanana, ya jawo suka sosai ga Baldissera; A martanin da ya mayar, Janar ɗin ya yi murabus, wanda firaminista Francesco Crispi ya ki amincewa da shi, wanda ya sake tabbatar da amincewarsa ga aikin Janar ɗin. "An kafa ruƙuni na farko na soja a watan Oktoba 1888, bayan débacle na basci-buzuk a Saganeiti, wanda aka gani kusan a matsayin Dogali na biyu, inda duk jami'an Italiya suka mutu yayin da 800 na rashin bin doka suka gudu, sai mutanen Debeb suka kashe kusan ɗari uku."The Seen, the Unseen, the Invented Misrepresentations of African "Otherness" in the Making of a Colony. Eritrea, 1885-1896, Silvana Palma, p. 39-69, https://doi.org/10.4000/etudesafricaines.14887 

A cikin sojojin Italiya, an ɗauki wannan rikici a matsayin "kisan kiyashi"  - yayin da yawancin sojojin da ba a saba da su ba (wanda ake kira basci-buzuk ) sun gudu, an kashe duk jami'an Italiya. Rashin nasarar da aka yi a Segheyneyti ya sa umarnin Italiya su sake fasalin rundunar sojojinsu - a watan Oktoba 1888, an kafa rukunin farko na soja don maye gurbin basci-buzuk .  Bayan sojojin Italiya sun kama Segheneyti daga baya a cikin 1888, an lalata majami'ar 'yan Koftik a Segheneyti kuma an kafa sabon Katolika a wurinsa don girmama Cornacchia.

Yaƙin ya yi tasiri sosai ga dabarun Italiya a Habasha da kuma yadda yake tunkarar sojojin ƴan asalin ƙasar. A farkon 1888, umarnin Italiyawa ya yaba da sojojin 'yan asalin a matsayin mayakan da za su iya "gudanar wasu dubban kilomita ba tare da ruwa, abinci ko hutawa ba, cewa za su iya rayuwa a kan 'fistful' na alkama a kowace rana, kuma suna da alhakin samar da nasu". Italiya za ta ci gaba da ƙara dogaro ga sojojin ƙasar da ba bisa ka'ida ba, kuma ta tura sojojin Italiya zuwa Turai. Kashin da aka yi a Segheneyti ya tilastawa Italiya sake duba dabarunta. Da farko dai al'ummar Italiya sun dora alhakin shan kashi a kan mayakan 'yan asalin kasar da kansu, inda jaridun Italiya suka yi Allah wadai da sojojin 'yan asalin a matsayin marasa aminci da mayaudari. Duk da haka, kwamandojin Italiya sun ba da hujjar cewa "dakarun 'yan asalin da aka aika zuwa Saganeiti sun nuna niyyar yin yaki muddin jami'an Italiya suna raye". Tun daga wannan lokacin, an sake gyara sojojin ƙasar don su kasance masu tsari da ingantattun kayan aiki, kuma sun bi horon jagorancin Italiya; A ƙarshe, an ba su ƙarin jami'an Italiya. 

 Jami'an Italiya da suka mutu a Segheneyti 

 Kyaftin Tullio Cornacchia
 Laftanar Marcello Brero
 Laftanar Umberto Poli
 Lieutenant Giulio Viganò
 Laftanar Virginio Virgini

Dukkanin jami'ai biyar an yi musu ado da lambar yabo ta Azurfa ta Ƙarfin Soja 

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 Yakin Dogali
 Yakin Italo-Ethiopia na Farko

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