Sansanin ƴan gudun hijira na Choucha

Choucha sansanin 'yan gudun hijira ne a kudancin Tunisiya, a cikin Gwamnatin Medinine . Sansanin yana cikin kilomita 10 daga ƙetare Ras Ajdir da Libya. An buɗe sansanin a ranar 24 ga Fabrairu, 2011 kuma UNHCR, wasu kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da hukumomin Tunisia ne ke gudanar da shi. Sansanin Choucha ya karbi bakuncin 'yan gudun hijira da suka tsere daga rikici a Libya. UNHCR ta rufe sansanin a hukumance a shekarar 2013. 

 Tarihi 
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}A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2010, Juyin Juya Halin Jasmine a Tunisia ya fara. Wannan taron ya haifar da tashin hankali da yawa a Gabas ta Tsakiya da Arewacin Afirka, wanda aka fi sani da Arab Spring . A watan Fabrairun 2011 juyin juya hali ya fara ne a Libya, wanda ya haifar da yakin basasa a kasar wanda har yanzu ke gudana. Wannan ya haifar da kwararar 'yan gudun hijira daga Libya zuwa makwabciyar Tunisia. A mayar da martani ga wannan kwararar, hukumomin Tunisia tare da UNHCR da sauran kungiyoyi sun bude sansanonin 'yan gudun hijira bakwai a yankin iyaka kusa da Choucha. Sansanin Choucha zai zama mafi girma daga cikin wadannan bakwai. UNCHR ta bayyana cewa sansanin ya yi maraba da mutane 18,000 a rana lokacin da rikici a Libya ya karu.

 'Yan wasan kwaikwayo a sansanin 

 Mazauna 
Mazauna sansanin 'yan gudun hijira na Choucha sun tsere daga tashin hankali da ke gudana a Libya. Yawancin su 'yan kasa ne na uku da ke aiki a Libya lokacin da yaƙin ya fara. 'Yan Libya da suka tsere daga yakin da sauri sun sami iyalai ko wasu gidaje, saboda haka kasancewarsu a sansanin 'yan gudun hijira kaɗan ne. Rubuce-rubucen 'yan gudun hijira a sansanin ne UNHCR ta yi. Kungiyar ta fara rajista a ranar 8 ga Maris, 2011. Bayan 29 ga watan Maris, an ƙidaya yawan mazauna dukkan sansanonin da ke kewaye da Choucha tare don kada a sami ainihin lambobin sansanin.
+Jama'a sansanin 'yan gudun hijira na ChouchaAdadin mazaunaBabban kabilanciMaris 815.000 -Maris 916.558Bangladesh (13.277) Maris 1017.220Bangladesh (13.748) Maris 1317.130Bangladesh (11,597) Maris 1416.175Bangladesh (9.993) Maris 1515.751Bangladesh (8,443) Maris 1611.822Bangladesh (6.030) Maris 188.829Bangladesh (4.084) 21 ga Maris4.748 -Maris 227.716Sudanese (2.076) Maris 277.286Somaliya (1.639) Maris 297.465Chadian (1.818) 
Tun daga bude Choucha, yawancin mazauna baƙi ne na Bangladesh waɗanda suka yi aiki a Libya. Yawancin su an mayar da su zuwa Bangladesh a cikin watan Maris ta hanyar Humanitarian Evacuation Cell (HEC) wanda IOM da UNHCR suka kafa. Daga watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2011 zuwa gaba, yawan mutanen sansanin Choucha zai kunshi mafi yawan 'yan Afirka na kudu da Sahara. A hankali, za su bar sansanin ko dai su ci gaba zuwa Tunisia ko su tafi Turai. Lokacin da aka rufe sansanin a watan Yulin 2013, UNHCR ta ba da rahoton cewa akwai kusan mutane 250 da suka rage, wadanda gwamnatin Tunisia ta ba su zama na wucin gadi.

 Ƙungiyoyin ba da agaji 
Ƙungiyoyin ba da agaji da yawa sun kasance a Choucha da sansanonin 'yan gudun hijira da ke kewaye da su.

 Majalisar 'yan gudun hijira ta Denmark
 Likitoci ba tare da iyakoki ba
 IFRC, Red Crescent na Tunisia
 Kungiyar Likitoci ta Duniya
 Ci gaban Taimako na Duniya
 Taimako na Musulunci
 IOM
 Likitoci na Duniya
 Ka ceci Yara
 UNHCR
 UNICEF
 WHO

Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa a matsayin ƙasa ta kuma tallafawa kuma ta gudanar da ɗayan sansanonin kusa da Choucha . 

 Yanayin jin kai 

 Yanayin kiwon lafiya 
Saurin kwararar 'yan gudun hijira daga watan Fabrairun 2011 ya sanya yanayin tsabta a Choucha da wahala. Makonni na farko babu ruwan sama da ƙananan wuraren ruwa. Yayin da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da yawa suka isa sansanin 'yan gudun hijira, an cika buƙatu da yawa. UNHCR ta fara jagorantar tsarin gargadi na kiwon lafiya wanda ke gudanar da tarurruka na yau da kullun tare da wasu kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, ma'aikatar lafiya ta Tunisia da wakilan EU don hana annoba. Mutane da yawa da suka kasance ma'aikatan ƙaura a Libya ba su sami wani kiwon lafiya ba kafin yakin basasa a Libya ya fara. Don haka amfani da kiwon lafiya ya fi na yawancin sansanonin 'yan gudun hijira. Kula da lafiya a Choucha ya kunshi wadannan:

Daga Maris 16, 2011 Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Tunisia tare da WHO sun fara kamfen ɗin allurar rigakafi a Choucha . 

MSF ta fara bayar da sabis na kiwon lafiya a sansanin.

Majalisar 'yan gudun hijira ta Denmark da UNICEF suna samuwa don kula da lafiyar yara. UNICEF ta fara kamfen ɗin allurar rigakafi ga yara 'yan kasa da shekaru 5.

Daga Oktoba 2012 UNHCR ta dakatar da samar da kulawar kiwon lafiya ga mutanen da aka hana su matsayin 'yan gudun hijira, amma wadanda suka kasance a sansanin.

 Yanayin Shari'a 
A Tunisiya babu wani tsari na doka don neman mafaka. Saboda haka, mazaunan sansanin 'yan gudun hijira na Choucha za a iya amincewa da su ne kawai ta hanyar neman kariya ta kasa da kasa tare da UNHCR. A cikin neman kariya ta kasa da kasa, mazaunan sansanin za su yarda da shirin sake zama zuwa ƙasa ta uku mai aminci. Akwai kasashe da yawa na Turai waɗanda suke shirye su karɓi bakuncin mazaunan sansanin waɗanda aka ba su kariya ta duniya. Koyaya, an sami ƙarancin ainihin sake zama. Bugu da ƙari, an soki rashin iyawa ga mazaunan Choucha don yin roko lokacin da UNHCR ba ta ba da kariya ta duniya ba.

 Abubuwan da suka faru 
An bayar da rahoton abubuwan da suka faru da yawa. A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2011 da Maris na shekara ta 2012 an samu gobara a sansanin wanda ya haifar da mutuwar mutane da yawa da rauni.

A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2011, 'yan gudun hijira da yawa sun bukaci UNHCR ta sake dawo da su nan da nan bayan babban wuta kuma wannan ya haifar da tashin hankali da yawa, har ma da yawan mutanen yankin. Yanayin ya zama tashin hankali kuma a cikin kwanaki masu zuwa an lalata sansanin Choucha don mafi girma.

 Yanayin yanzu 

 'Yan gudun hijira a yankin Sahara 
An rufe sansanin a hukumance a watan Yunin 2013 ta UNHCR. Koyaya, daruruwan baƙi - galibi daga ƙasashen Afirka ta Kudu - sun zauna a sansanin. Wasu kungiyoyi, kamar MSF, sun zauna a kewayen sansanin don taimakawa mazaunan Choucha da abinci da kiwon lafiya, tunda babu ruwa ko wutar lantarki a sansanin. A watan Yunin 2017, shekaru hudu bayan an rufe sansanin a hukumance, hukumomin Tunisia sun kori sauran mazaunan Choucha. Kungiyoyi da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da yawa sun yi Allah wadai da korar kwatsam, saboda zargin take hakkin dan adam.

 Bayanan da aka ambata 

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