Sankarism

Sankarism (wanda aka rubuta Sankaraism ) kalma ce da ake amfani da ita a wasu lokuta don nuna halin ra'ayi na hagu a cikin siyasar Burkina Faso, ƙasa mai ƙuntatawa a Yammacin Afirka, da kuma manufofin gwamnatin soja karkashin jagorancin Kyaftin Thomas Sankara .  Sankara ya zo mulki a cikin Jamhuriyar Upper Volta a lokacin a cikin juyin mulkin soja na 1983, kuma ya yi mulki har zuwa lokacin da aka kashe shi a juyin mulkin da Blaise Compaoré ya jagoranta a 1987. 

Akwai rikice-rikice na siyasa mai karfi tsakanin ƙungiyoyin da ke nunawa ga abin da Sankara ya bari siyasa da manufofi, gaskiyar da ɗan siyasan adawa na Burkinabé Bénéwendé Stanislas Sankara (babu dangantaka) ya bayyana a shekara ta 2001 a matsayin "saboda rashin ma'anar manufar".  "Sankarists" sun fito ne daga kwaminisanci da masu zaman kansu  zuwa masu kishin ƙasa da masu tsattsauran ra'ayi. 

 Tarihi 
A lokacin da yake mulki, Sankara - sanannen tsohon soja wanda aka sani da kwarewarsa - ya yi ƙoƙari ya kawo abin da ya kira "Democratic and Popular Revolution" (Révolution démocratique et populaire), canji mai zurfi na al'umma tare da mai da hankali kan wadatar kai. An kafa kungiyoyi da yawa don aiwatar da wannan juyin juya halin, daga cikinsu akwai Kwamitocin Tsaro na Juyin Juya Halin, Kotun Juyin Juyin Juyan Halin Jama'a da Pioneers na Juyin Halin. An aiwatar da sauye-sauye da yawa a cikin sabon sunan Burkina Faso tsakanin 1983 da 1987, gami da shirye-shiryen allurar rigakafi, sake gina gandun daji, kawar da ƙauyuka ta hanyar sabbin ci gaban gidaje, da ci gaban ababen more rayuwa na ƙasa kamar hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa.  Yawancin waɗannan an cire su bayan juyin mulkin soja wanda ya kori Sankara kuma ya kashe shi. Kafin mutuwarsa, gwamnatin Burkinabé ta fuskanci manyan zarge-zargen cin zarafin bil'adama daga Amnesty International da sauran kungiyoyin kasa da kasa, gami da kisan gillar da ba bisa ka'ida ba, tsare-tsare da azabtar da abokan adawar siyasa.

Ko da bayan mutuwar Thomas Sankara gadonsa ya ci gaba, saboda kyawawan siffarsa. Wani lokaci ana kiransa "Che Guevara na Afirka" saboda kamanceceniya da salon juyin juya halin Argentinian da wahayi da ya dauka daga juyin juya hali na Cuba, Sankara ya zama sananne ga rayuwarsa mai sauƙi, hawa babur, wasa da guitar, da adawa da bautar mutum, duk halayen kansa wanda ya ware shi daga 'yan Afirka na zamani. Misali, lokacin da aka tambaye shi dalilin da ya sa bai so hotonsa ya rataye a wuraren jama'a ba, kamar yadda ya saba ga wasu shugabannin a nahiyar, ya amsa "Akwai Thomas Sankaras miliyan bakwai. " A fannin ra'ayi, Sankara ya kasance mai tsattsauran ra'ayi da kuma mai adawa da mulkin mallaka wanda ya nemi dawo da asalin Afirka na al'ummarsa kuma ya yi adawa da Neocolonialism, kuma kodayake an yi imanin cewa shi Kwaminisanci ne don nazarin ayyukan Karl Marx da Vladimir Lenin, sau da yawa ya ki sanya ra'ayinsa na siyasa a ƙarƙashin taken daya ta hanyar kiristanci da ya bar shugabannin siyasa.

Ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyi na farko da suka haɗu da akidar tare da lakabin "Sankarism" shine Sankarist Movement, wanda aka kafa a gudun hijira a Paris makonni kawai bayan kisan Sankara a ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1987.  Tun daga wannan lokacin, jam'iyyun siyasa na Sankarist da sauran kungiyoyi sun kasance fasalin gama gari a cikin ƙungiyar adawa ta Burkinabé da ke adawa da gwamnatin Shugaba Compaoré. Shugabannin Sankarist da yawa suna da tarihi a cikin gwamnatin Sankara ko a cikin kungiyoyin da ya kirkira. Misali, Ernest Nongma Ouédraogo - shugaban Yarjejeniyar Pan-African ta Sankarist - ya kasance Ministan Tsaro a karkashin Sankara, kuma Sams"K Le Jah - shugaban Citizens' Broom () - ya sami ilimin siyasa a matsayin matashi a cikin ƙungiyar Pioneer.

Sankarists sun kasance sanannun a cikin zanga-zangar Burkinabé ta 2011 da kuma tashin hankali na Burkinabé na 2014. Wannan na karshe ya samu nasarar hambarar da Shugaba Blaise Compaoré a ƙarshen Oktoba 2014, ya tilasta wa shugaban ya yi murabus kuma ya tsere daga kasar zuwa Ivory Coast kuma ya haifar da mamayewar soja. An ambaci Thomas Sankara a matsayin babban wahayi ga masu zanga-zangar,  wasu sun kai ga kiran tashin hankali "Revolution 2.0" dangane da "Democratic and Popular Revolution" na Sankara a cikin shekarun 1980. 

Tun daga juyin mulkin Burkinabé na Satumba 2022 wanda ya sanya Kyaftin Ibrahim Traoré a matsayin Shugaban kasa, manufofin gwamnatin Burkina Faso an kwatanta su da na Thomas Sankara ta masu lura da gida da na kasashen waje. Tsohon Firayim Minista na wucin gadi na Burkina Faso, Apollinaire J. Kyélem de Tambèla, a wani lokaci Sankara ya gayyace shi da kansa don shiga cikin majalisar ministocinsa,  kuma tun daga lokacin ya bayyana cewa Burkina Faso "ba za a iya bunkasa ta waje da hanyar da Thomas Sankara ya kafa ba.  Traoré ya yi amfani da abin da Sankara ya bari a cikin jawabin jama'a,  kuma an kwatanta manufofin gwamnati na populism, rashin haɗin kai da kuma mallakar kasashen waje da na gwamnati    .

 Kungiyoyin Sankarist 

 Burkina Faso 
Ƙungiyoyin Sankarist na tarihi da na yanzu sun haɗa da:

 Jam'iyyar Burkinabé don sake kafawa
 Ƙungiyar Socialist ta Burkina Faso
 Haɗuwa don Dimokuradiyya ta Jama'a
 Haɗuwa da Bege
 A halin yanzu na 'yan Democrat masu aminci ga manufa ta Thomas Sankara
 Taron Dimokuradiyya da Jama'a
 Motsi don Tolerance da Ci gaba
 Jam'iyyar Patriots ta Kasa
 Jam'iyyar Social Democracy 
 Sankara Kungiyar 
 Jam'iyyar Sankarist Democratic Front
 Yunkurin Sankarist 
 Yarjejeniyar Pan-Afirka ta Sankarist
 Sojojin Jama'a
 Yankin 'Yan ƙasa
 Union for Rebirth / Sankarist Movement
 Ƙungiyar Jam'iyyun Sankarist

 A kasashen waje 
The Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) jam'iyyar siyasa ce ta Black, mai tsattsauran ra'ayi a Afirka ta Kudu, wacce Julius Malema, tsohon shugaban kungiyar matasa ta African National Congress, ya kafa a shekarar 2013. Jam'iyyar a halin yanzu ita ce jam'iyya ta uku mafi girma a cikin gidaje biyu na Majalisar dokokin Afirka ta Kudu, inda ta samu kuri'u 1,169,259 da kashi 6.35% na kuri'un a Babban zaben 2014. EFF ta yi iƙirarin karɓar gagarumin wahayi daga Sankara dangane da salon da akidar. A cikin wani shafi na Mayu 2014, sanannen memba na EFF Jackie Shandu ya ayyana jam'iyyarsa a matsayin "tsarin Sankarist".  An kore shi daga wannan jam'iyyar, Andile Mngxitama ya kafa Black First Land First a cikin 2015, tare da sanin baki da manufofin Pan-Africanist da kuma jagorancin Sankarist.

Didier Awadi, mawaƙin hip hop na Senegal kuma ɗaya daga cikin fitattun rappers a Afirka ta Yamma, ya bayyana Thomas Sankara a matsayin mafi girman wahayi zuwa siyasa. Ya rubuta waƙoƙi da yawa da ke magana game da Sankara, kuma ya ziyarci dangin shugaban da aka kashe a Burkina Faso. A shekara ta 2003 ya kafa "Studio Sankara", lakabin kiɗa da ɗakin rikodin.

 Bayanan da aka ambata