Kisan kiyashin da aka yi a Isly a shekarar 1962

Kisan kiyashin da aka yi a Isly a shekarar 1962 ya kasance lamari ne a lokacin yakin Aljeriya lokacin da sojojin Faransa suka buɗe wuta kan taron masu zanga-zangar Pied-Noir da suke gudanar da zanga-zangar nuna goyon baya ga ikon Faransa kan Aljeriya a ranar 26 ga watan Maris 1962. Bayan da sojoji suka killace Bab El Oued, wanda ya kasance hedkwatar kungiyar ta Organisation armée secrète (OAS), OAS ta yi kira da a gudanar da gagarumin zanga-zanga don tilasta kawo ƙarshen tashin hankalin. Dangane da kiran da aka yi, da kuma labaran rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar Évian, wanda ya kawo ƙarshen yakin Aljeriya ta hanyar tabbatar da 'yancin kai na Aljeriya, ɗimbin gungun 'yan adawar Pied-Noirs sun yi maci a cikin Algiers, suna yin Allah wadai da yarjejeniyar.

Wasu mutane 45 na rundunar sojojin Faransa ta 4th Tirailleur Regiment, waɗanda akasarinsu 'yan ƙasar Aljeriya ne da aka turasu aikin soja, waɗanda suke tare da shingen hanya, sun firgita tare da buɗe wuta kan taron masu zanga-zangar da ke yin tattaki zuwa unguwar Bab El Oued, inda suka kashe fararen hula 50 zuwa 80 na Pied-Noir. Dangane da labarin kisan kiyashin, Pied-Noirs ya fara gudun hijira daga Aljeriya zuwa Babban Birnin Faransa. A ranar 26 ga watan Janairu, 2022, Shugaban Faransa Emmanuel Macron a hukumance ya amince da kisan kiyashin, wanda ya bayyana a matsayin "ba za a gafartawa ba".

 Tarihi 
An shigar da Aljeriya a hankali a cikin daular mulkin mallaka na Faransa bayan Faransa ta fara mamayar soji a shekara ta 1830.  Yankin ya zama sananne da Faransa-Aljeriya, kuma dubban ɗaruruwan baƙi na Turai da aka sani da Pied-Noirs (Black Feet), mafi yawancinsu 'yan asalin Faransa ne, sun fara ƙaura zuwa mulkin mallaka.  A tsakiyar ƙarni na 20, akwai kusan Pied-Noirs miliyan guda da ke zaune a Faransa Aljeriya, waɗanda akasarinsu an haife su ne a Arewacin Afirka maimakon Turai; a dunkule, sun kafa kusan kashi goma na al'ummar Aljeriya a tsakiyar shekarun 1950. 

A ranar 1 ga watan Nuwamban 1954, Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Ƙasa ta Mulkin Mallaka (FLN) ta ƙaddamar da jerin hare-hare kan sojoji, 'yan sanda da fararen hula, wanda ya haifar da yakin Aljeriya. Kungiyar ta FLN ta kai hare-hare masu muni a kan hukumomin Faransa, waɗanda suka mayar da martani ta hanyar kai wani mummunan hari na sojoji .  Bayan shekaru bakwai na faɗa, shugaban Faransa Charles de Gaulle ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar Évian tare da gwamnatin wucin gadi ta FLN a ranar 18 ga watan Maris 1962, wanda ya kawo karshen yakin; Yarjejeniyar ta kasance ba ta da farin jini ga yawancin Pied-Noirs, waɗanda suka goyi bayan ci gaba da mulkin Faransa a Aljeriya. 

 Kisan kiyashi 
A ranar 26 ga watan Maris, taron Pied-Noirs ya yi maci a babban birnin Algiers na Aljeriya domin nuna adawa da yarjejeniyar Évian, saboda ba sa fatan Aljeriya ta samu 'yancin kai daga turawan mulkin mallaka na Faransa.  Sojojin Faransa, suna tsammanin fuskantar tashin hankali tare da adawa da 'yancin kai Pied-Noirs, sun sanya shingen hanya a ko'ina cikin birnin, ciki har da daya a kan Rue d'Isly. A daidai lokacin da jama'a ke yunkurin yin tattaki zuwa unguwar Bab El Oued, sun yi arangama da su a kan Rue d'Isly da sojoji 45 daga runduna ta 4 ta Tirailleur ta sojojin Faransa wadda ta kunshi musulmin Aljeriya da aka tilasta musu shiga aikin. Wannan ruƙunin ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan (80%) na sojojin sojojin Faransa na Sojojin Faransa na Afirka. A ranar 17 ga watan Maris 1962 an kawo shi cikin Algiers daga sabis na aiki a cikin karkarar Aljeriya (bled) don gudanar da ayyukan samar da zaman lafiya a cikin birane wanda ba a horar da matasan tirailleurs ko shirya don su ba.  

Sojojin da ke tare da shingen hanya (waɗanda daga baya aka bayyana su a matsayin "marasa umarni da turawa ba tare da son ransu ba") sun firgita tare da mayar da martani ga ci gaban da jama'ar da ba sa ɗauke da makamai ke ci gaba da yi musu ta hanyar buɗe musu wuta da bindigogin bindigu .  An ce an fara harbe harbe ne daga wani maharba da ba a san ko wanene ba a wani rufin da ke kusa da wurin.  Sojojin sun ci gaba da yin luguden wuta kan jama'ar na kusan mintuna goma sha biyar, inda suka harbe masu zanga-zangar kusan 300 tare da tarwatsa sauran. Wata mata ta yi kururuwa "Ka daina harbe-harbe! Ya Allah, mu Bafaranshe ne..." kafin a harbe ta.  Bayan haka an kiyasta cewa adadin wadanda suka mutu a kisan ya kai akalla mutane 50; alkaluma mafi girma sun ce an kashe mutane 80. Wasu 200 kuma sun jikkata.  Labarin kisan kiyashin ya bazu ko'ina cikin Aljeriya bayan faruwar lamarin. 

 Bayan haka 
Dangane da labarin kisan kiyashin, Pied-Noirs ya fara gudun hijira daga Aljeriya zuwa Babban Birnin Faransa, wanda a ƙarshe zai ƙunshi ƙaura na kusan mutane 900,000; Yawancinsu sun zauna a Kudancin Faransa.  Bayan sun isa Faransa, Pied-Noirs "sun yi matukar tasiri da tunanin asara da kuma kewar kasarsu ta haihuwa" kuma "sun fuskanci wariya a Faransa kuma an ɗauke su a matsayin 'yan waje."  A Faransa, ƙungiyoyin fafutuka da yawa na Pied-Noir sun ci gaba da yin kira ga gwamnatin Faransa ta ba da sanarwar jama'a game da kisan kiyashin a shekarar 1962. 

A fusace da kisan kiyashin, Pied-Noirs, da ke zargin masu tayar da kayar baya na FLN da aikata kisan, sun kashe musulmi 10. 

An watse Tirailleurs na 4 a ranar 31 ga watan Mayu, watanni biyu bayan kisan kiyashin.  An kammala cewa tura dakaru musulmi da suka gaji kuma ba su horar da su zuwa aikin ‘yan sanda ba, ƙarƙashin ƙaramin jami’i ɗaya kacal, don sarrafa ɗimbin masu zanga-zangar Turawa, babban kuskure ne na yanke hukunci. 

A ranar 26 ga watan Janairu, 2022, Shugaban Faransa Emmanuel Macron ya amince da kisan kiyashin a wata ganawa da gungun 'yan Faransan zuriyar Pied-Noir a fadar Élysée.  A cikin wani jawabi da ya yi, Macron ya bayyana cewa "wannan kisan kiyashin da aka yi a ranar 26 ga watan Maris, 1962, ba za a gafartawa Jamhuriyar ba. A wannan rana, sojojin Faransa, da aka tura da su ba bisa ka'ida ba, sun lalata tarzoma, sun yi luguden wuta kan Faransawa. Lokaci ya yi da za a faɗin hakan. Abin da zai kasance aiki na tsari ya ƙare da kisan kiyashi."  Macron ya kuma bayyana nadama cewa Pied-Noirs a Faransa "ba a karɓa da sauraron" gwamnatin Faransa ba. 

 Manazarta 


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