Karfin igiyar ruwa

Ƙarfin igiyar igiyar ruwa shine kama makamashin igiyoyin iska don yin aiki mai amfani - misali, samar da wutar lantarki, daskarewa, ko zubar da ruwa. Injin da ke yin amfani da ƙarfin igiyar igiyar ruwa shine mai sauya makamashin igiyar ruwa (WEC). Ana haifar da raƙuman ruwa da farko ta hanyar iskar da ke ratsa saman teku da kuma ta hanyar ruwa mai ƙarfi, bambancin yanayin zafi, da sauran abubuwa. Muddin raƙuman ruwa suna yaduwa a hankali fiye da saurin iskar da ke sama, ana canja makamashi daga iska zuwa raƙuman ruwa. Bambance-bambancen matsa lamba na iska tsakanin ɓangarorin iska da ɓangarorin ɓangarorin igiyar igiyar ruwa da jujjuyawar iska daga iska suna haifar da damuwa mai ƙarfi da haɓakar igiyar ruwa Phillips, O.M. (1977). The dynamics of the upper ocean (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-29801-8. Ƙarfin igiyar igiyar ruwa a matsayin siffa ya sha bamban da ƙarfin igiyar ruwa, wanda ke neman da farko ɗaukar makamashin da ake yi a halin yanzu sakamakon jajircewar Rana da Wata. Duk da haka, ƙarfin igiyar ruwa da ƙarfin igiyar ruwa ba su bambanta da asali ba kuma suna da gagarumin giciye a fasaha da aiwatarwa. Wasu runduna na iya haifar da igiyoyi, gami da karyewar igiyoyin ruwa, iska, tasirin Coriolis, cabbeling, da zafin jiki da bambance-bambancen salinity.

Tun daga shekarar 2023, ba a yin amfani da wutar lantarki sosai don aikace-aikacen kasuwanci, bayan dogon jerin ayyukan gwaji. Ƙoƙarin amfani da wannan makamashin ya fara ne a cikin 1890 ko a baya,[2] musamman saboda yawan ƙarfinsa. A ƙasan saman ruwan teku, ƙarfin ƙarfin igiyar ruwa, a matsakaicin lokaci, yawanci ya ninka sau biyar fiye da ƙarfin iskar da ke gudana sama da mita 20 a saman tekun, kuma sau 10 zuwa 30 ya fi ƙarfin hasken rana.[3]

 Tarihi 
Alamar farko da aka sani don fitar da makamashi daga raƙuman teku ya kasance a cikin 1799, wanda Pierre-Simon Girard da ɗansa suka shigar a birnin Paris.[8] Bochaux-Praceique ne ya kera na'urar farko a shekara ta 1910 don samar da wutar lantarki a gidansa a Royan, Faransa.[9] Ya bayyana cewa wannan ita ce nau'in na'urar makamashin igiyar ruwa ta farko.[10] Daga 1855 zuwa 1973 akwai takardun haƙƙin mallaka 340 da aka shigar a cikin Burtaniya kaɗai.[8]