Ethel de Keyser

Ethel de Keyser OBE OLG (4 Nuwamba 1926 — 16 Yuli 2004) ƴar gwagwarmayar yaƙi da wariyar launin fata ce ƴar Afirka ta Kudu  wacce ke zaune a London, Ingila.

 Rayuwar farko 
An haifi Ethel Tarshish a shekara ta 1926,  iyayenta Yahudawa ne da suka ƙaura zuwa Afirka ta Kudu jim kaɗan bayan an haife ta.Paul Trewhela, "Ethel de Keyser: London Anti-Apartheid Activist", The Independent (30 July 2004)."Ethel de Keyser; Anti-Apartheid Campaigner with a Flair for Outwitting Spies", The Times (29 July 2004). (Wasu tarihin haihuwarta sun gano haihuwarta a Vilnius, wasu a Afirka ta Kudu.)   Mahaifinta ya mallaki masana'antar sutura a Afirka ta Kudu. Ta je jami'a a Ingila kuma ta zama 'yar Burtaniya. Ta koma Afirka ta Kudu a shekarar 1960 bayan kisan kiyashin da aka yi a Sharpeville da kuma tsare ɗan uwanta Jack Tarshish. 

 Aiki 
Ta shiga aikinta na yaki da wariyar launin fata. Tana kan hanyarta ta komawa Ingila a shekarar 1963 lokacin da aka sake kama Jack a matsayin memba na Majalisar Tarayyar Afirka.Paul Trewhela, "Ethel de Keyser: London Anti-Apartheid Activist", The Independent (30 July 2004)."Ethel de Keyser; Anti-Apartheid Campaigner with a Flair for Outwitting Spies", The Times (29 July 2004). Ta kasance a Afirka ta Kudu don shari'ar amma an kore ta daga baya, kuma an ɗaure Jack na shekaru goma sha biyu. A can Ingila, ta yi aiki da ƙungiyar Orchestra ta London yayin da take ba da agaji ga Ƙungiyar Anti-Apartheid (AAM), daga ƙarshe ta zama sakatariyar zartarwa.Robert Hughes and Mike Terry, "Ethel de Keyser; Dedicated and Lifelong Campaigner in the Struggle Against Apartheid" The Guardian (20 July 2004).  Ta jagoranci wani kamfen don ci gaba da takunkumin takunkumin makamai na Burtaniya a kan Afirka ta Kudu, da kuma kin amincewa da gwamnatin Ian Smith a Rhodesia. Ta taimaka wajen tsara SATIS (Afirka ta Kudu The Prisoned Society), taro da kuma hanyar sadarwa ga waɗanda ke aiki don sakin fursunonin siyasa. Glenn Moss, The New Radicals: A Generational Memoir of the 1970s (Jacana Media 2014). 

Ta zama darektan Asusun Tsaro da Tallafi na Burtaniya na Kudancin Afirka (BDAF) a cikin shekarar 1981, kuma ta kafa amintaccen ilimi (Canon Collins Educational Trust for South Africa) kuma.  Antony Sher ta ce ita ce "Guruwar siyasarsa" a wannan lokacin.Antony Sher, "Trafalgar's New Nelson", The Guardian (6 May 2001).

Bayan shekara ta 1994, aikinta ya sauya daga mayar da hankali kan yaki da wariyar launin fata zuwa harkokin kiwon lafiya da ilimi a Afirka ta Kudu, ciki har da HIV/AIDS.   An ba ta lambar yabo ta OBE saboda aikin kare haƙƙin ɗan adam a shekarar 2001."The New Year's Honours", BBC News (30 December 2000).

 Rayuwa ta sirri 
Ethel Tarshish ta auri ɗan wasan kwaikwayo David de Keyser na tsawon shekaru goma (daga shekarun 1949 zuwa 1959), kuma tana da dangantaka mai tsawo da marubuci George Lamming.   

Ethel de Keyser ya mutu yana da shekaru 77 a ranar 16 ga watan Yuli 2004, bayan bugun zuciya.  Ta daɗe tana fatan samun digirin girmamawa a Jami'ar Western Cape a watan Satumba.  Amintattu na Canon Collins Educational Trust sun kafa guraben karatu a cikin sunanta a matsayin abin tunawa."The Ethel de Keyser Scholarships Fund", Canon Collins Educational Trust.

 Manazarta 

 Hanyoyin haɗi na waje 

 "Ethel de Keyser", Tarihin Afirka ta Kudu akan layi (2011).
 Shirye-shiryen sauti guda biyu daga hira ta 2000 tare da de Keyser, a Gaba ga 'Yanci: Tarihin Ƙungiyar Anti-Apartheid ta Burtaniya AAM Archives.
 Shin Kun Ji Daga Johannesburg? (2010), jerin fina-finai na fina-finai guda bakwai game da motsi na yaki da wariyar launin fata na kasa da kasa, wanda Connie Field ya yi kuma ya jagoranci.
 "Takardu masu alaƙa da Ethel de Keyser", Bodleian Archives & Manuscripts.
Rukuni:Haifaffun 1926