Tafiyar Col des Beni Aïcha

Balaguron Col des Beni Aïcha, ko balaguron Thénia, ko kuma kawai Beni Aïcha Expedition, balaguro ne a watan Mayun shekarar1837, lokacin da Faransa ta mamaye Aljeriya . Wannan taron ya yi karo da sojojin mulkin mallaka a karkashin Kanar Maximilien Joseph Schauenburg da sojojin Beni Aïcha na Igawawen .  

 Mahallin tarihi 
An fara wannan balaguron ne a watan Mayun shekarar 1837 daga Algiers zuwa birnin Constantine ta tsaunin Khachna a Kabylia . 

Wannan martani na soja ya biyo bayan rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar Tafna tsakanin Janar Thomas Robert Bugeaud tare da sarki Abdelkader a  . 

Yarjejeniyar ta amince da yadda Masarautar Abdelkader ke iko da wani babban yanki na cikin gida na kasar Aljeriya a yanzu. 

Sarki Abdekader ya yi amfani da wannan yerjejeniyar don tabbatar da ikonsa a kan kabilun a duk fadin kasar, inda ya gina sabbin garuruwa da ke da nisa daga hannun Faransa tare da tsauraran gwamnati. 

Ya yi aiki musamman a Kabylia da sauran wurare don tayar da al'ummar Musulmi a karkashin ikon Faransa don su bijirewa ta hanyar zaman lafiya da soja ta hanyar mallakarsu.  

Ya so ya sarrafa hanyar da ke bi ta manyan kogunan da ke haɗa Algiers zuwa Constantine, a wannan yanayin , , , , Oued Meraldene da Oued Isser . 

Wannan sha'awar sarki Abdelkader na sake fuskantar Faransawa, ko da bayan sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar, ya sa ya yi ikirarin a karkashin wannan yarjejeniya duk yankin gabashin  tsakanin Kabyles na Beni Aïcha kuma wanda a zahiri ya haɗa da babbar hanyar tsakanin Algiers da Constantine . 

 Raid a Reghaïa 
Sarkin Abdelkader ya shirya harin a ranar 8 ga Mayu 1837 a yankin Réghaïa a gonar mai suna Mercier, wanda aka sanya a cikin yarjejeniyar noma da ke kusa da iyakar Masarautar Abdelkader da kuma Oued Boudouaou wanda kuma aka yi wa lakabi da Oued Keddara, kuma wannan, shi ne ya dora wa gwamnatinsa ta Tref da mulkin kasarsa. . 

Sarkin ya san cewa abokansa na kabilar Kabyle na Khachna da Issers za su iya tattara sojoji dubu shida (6000) a ƙafa da kuma dawakai har ɗari takwas (800) a cikin filin don muzgunawa ma'aikatun Faransa fiye da Boudouaou na yanzu. Orléans, Ferdinand-Philippe-Louis-Charles-Henri; Paris, Louis-Philippe-Albert d'Orléans; Chartres, Robert Philippe Louis Eugène Ferdinand d'Orléans (February 27, 1870). "Campagnes de l'armée d'Afrique, 1835-1839". Paris M. Lévy – via Internet Archive.

Wannan shi ne yadda Sarkin, lokacin da ya shirya harin da aka kai a Réghaïa da kuma sace-sacen gonaki na mulkin mallaka na Faransa, an ba da tabbacin samun mafaka mai tsaro tare da marabout na Beni Aïcha, wanda ƙauyuka suka yi watsi da Oued Meraldene da Oued Isser . 

Janar Damrémont ya cika da mamaki a Algiers lokacin da ya sami labarin cewa yankin gabashin Casbah na Algiers na cikin tashin hankali sakamakon hare-haren da 'yan tawaye masu alaka da sarki Abdelkader suka kai. 

Daga nan sai Janar din ya umarci Kanar Maximilien Joseph Schauenburg da ya shirya wani balaguro ta kasa da ruwa don kai farmaki kan agaji da mafaka na sarki Abdelkader a cikin Beni Aïcha don wargaza wannan nebula da ta kunshi kauyuka da dama da ke kusa da birnin Algiers . 

An riga an ajiye Kanar Schauenburg a Réghaïa a matsayin shugaban sojojin dawaki na  don kare da kiyaye gonakin noma da aka wawashe a farkon yaƙi a cikin bazara na 1837. 

 Kutsawa tsakanin Beni Aïcha 
Janar Damrémont ya umarci Kanar Schauenburg da ya yi tattaki da daddare tare da ginshikin sojansa daga Réghaïa zuwa rafin Meraldene don ba wa maharan mamaki cikin barci, yayin da aka umurci Janar Alexandre Charles Perrégaux ya jagoranci jirgin ruwa wanda ya fara daga  kuma wanda zai sauka a bakin tekun Zemmouri El Bahri na yanzu a wurin  . 

Dabarar da ta biyo baya ta kunshi saukar da Janar Pérregaux daga jirginsa da sojoji kusan dubu dubu a gabar tekun Beni Aïcha domin yin kwanton bauna tare da jira 'yan tawayen Kabyle da suka tsere daga yakin Kanar Schauenburg zuwa arewacin kwarin Meraldene ta hanyar tashi ta kauyukan Boukhanfar da Talamali, da nufin halaka su. 

Mummunan yanayi wanda ba zato ba tsammani ya faru a kan  ya watsar da wannan ingantaccen tsari saboda guguwar guguwa ta kama Janar Pérregaux kuma ya kasa fitar da jirginsa daga tashar jiragen ruwa na Algiers . 

Duk da mummunan yanayi da ya auku a tsakiyar watan Mayun 1837 a kan Mitidja da Kabylia, Kanar Schauenburg ya bar sansaninsa na Réghaïa a daren 17 ga Mayu 1837 don ya gangaro zuwa kwarin Oued Boudouaou inda ya tara wani ginshikin soja na mutum dubu biyu don kai hari Beni Aïcha . 

Wannan ginshiƙi na soja ya ƙunshi bataliyoyin runduna guda biyu na , bataliya na , mafarautan maharba dari biyu na , spahis na yau da kullun, spahis marasa tsari ɗari, da guntu guda biyu na ƴan hawan dutse. 

Kanar Schauenburg ya samu koma baya tare da dubban sojojinsa da ruwan sama da iska a cikin tafiyarsa na dare kafin ya isa rafin Meraldene kawai da karfe takwas na safiyar ranar 18 ga Mayu 1837, inda kungiyoyin Kabyles suka jira shi don ya magance ta kuma su hana shi ci gaba a Kabylia idan ya sami damar haye gadon Oued Isser . 

A karkashin jagorancin Cheikh Ali Boushaki, daruruwan Kabyles da ke zaune a kauyukan Meraldene, Gueddara, Soumâa, Djenah da Beni Arab da sauransu sun fara gudu tare da shiga rikici da Faransawa, kuma ta haka ne bataliyar farko ta  an kaddamar da shi ne a kan sake tattara mayaka 'yan gwagwarmayar Aljeriya don gaggauta kwace muhimmin matsayi na Col des Beni Aïcha, wanda kuma zai yi matukar tsada ga Faransawa idan aka jinkirta wannan kame da kuma ci gaba da kasancewa karkashin ikon kawancen sarki Abdelkader . 

Yayin da aka kora Kabyles zuwa gangaren ƙauyukan Baloul da Tebabkha kusa da hanyar Oued Isser a kan dogon ƙazantar gabas na babban birnin Khachna, sauran ƙauyukan sun naɗe a kan tudu suna shiga cikin sahu-sahu a arangama da rundunar sojojin ƙasa wanda daga nan ne suka sami asarar ɗan adam a cikin sahu. 

Daga nan ne aka fara farauya tsakanin 'yan tawayen Kabyle da sojojin Faransa don karbe iko da wannan budaddiyar da ke tsakanin Mitidja da Kabylia, tun lokacin da wani babban taimako ya taso daga Laazib Zamoum don karfafa Beni Aïcha a cikin jajircewar da suka yi a kan wata kasa ta kakanni wadda ta kasance mai kyau da fa'ida a gare su a kowane mataki

 Ben Zamoum ya sake kai hari 
Bayan da sojojin Manjo Schauenburg suka watse kusa da Oued Isser a ranar 18 ga Mayu 1837, an ba su umarni su tattara sahu-sahunsu da suka watse zuwa wuri guda.

Cheikh Ben Zamoum ya fito daga yankin Iflissen Lebhar tare da kimanin Aljeriya dubu biyu (2,000) don dakatar da ci gaban Manjo Schauenburg zuwa yankinsa idan har yankin Beni Aïcha ya gaza toshe ci gaban Faransawa masu mamayewa.

Filin Issers, wanda ya buɗe wa Faransawa, ya ga isowar tawagar daga Iflissen Lebhar don dakatar da runduna ta biyu mai sauƙin yawo a cikin ci gabanta mai haɗari.

Amma Faransawa sun hana wannan harin na Kabyle ta hanyar doke su da tsoratar da su sosai, sannan sojojin ƙasa da mahaya dawakai suka nufi arewacin gabar teku yayin da suke yada mayaƙan da suka warwatse a nesa a gefen duwatsu don kare su daga bin diddigi da kuma bibiyar Aljeriya.

Schauenburg ya ba da umarni a hanzarta fitar da al'ummar da aka ba mamaki tare da dabbobinsu don su tarar da su a bakin rairayin Oued Merdja inda babu wani saukar jirgi da ya faru saboda ruwan sama da ƙanƙara, kuma ta haka ne maza da dabbobin Kabyle suka sami damar tserewa daga tarkon da aka shirya musu.

Komawa baya

Manjo Schauenburg bai samu nasarar gudanar da aikin balaguro na shekarar 1837 a kan Beni Aïcha ba saboda ƙarancin lokaci da kuma azamar Kabyles na kare iyalansu, ƙauyukan su da kuma ƙasarsu, da kuma goyon bayan 'yan tawayen Beni Aïcha daga 'yan uwansu na Iflissen da suka fito daga Laazib Zamoum.

Schauenburg ya gane cewa tsawon zama a ƙasar 'yan tawayen Beni Aïcha zai jawo masa babbar matsala, ba tare da wani sakamako mai kyau ba tunda ƙarfafawa da sojojin Kabyles sun fi ƙarfin rundunar sojojinsa, don haka ya sanar da cewa zai shirya shan kaye.

Wannan manjo ya dawo washegari 19 ga Mayu 1837 ta hanyar gudanar da wani tattaki mai ƙarfi da tawagarsa zuwa sansaninsa na farko tsakanin Boudouaou da Réghaïa.

Hotuna

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