Fire hydrant

Wuta a cikin Charlottesville, Virginia, Amurka 
Ruwan wutar lantarki, wutan wuta, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fireplug firecock (archaic), https://web.archive.org/web/20201024214903/https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/firecock hydrant riser ko Johnny Pump https://theglorifiedtomato.com/2024/01/03/brooklyn-johnny-pumps/ [mafi kyawun tushe da ake buƙata] shine hanyar haɗin da masu kashe gobara za su iya shiga cikin ruwa. Wani bangare ne na kariya ta wuta mai aiki. An yi amfani da ruwan wuta na karkashin kasa a Turai da Asiya tun a kalla karni na 18. Nau'in ginshiƙan ginshiƙi na sama-ƙasa ƙirƙira ce ta ƙarni na 19.

 Aiki 
Mai amfani (mafi kusantar sashen wuta) yana haɗa tiyo zuwa ga magudanar wuta, sannan ya buɗe bawul akan hydrant don samar da ruwa mai ƙarfi, akan tsari na kilopascals 350 (51 psi); wannan matsa lamba ya bambanta bisa ga yanki kuma ya dogara da dalilai daban-daban (ciki har da girman da wurin da babban ruwan da aka makala). Wannan mai amfani zai iya haɗa wannan bututun zuwa injin wuta, wanda zai iya amfani da famfo mai ƙarfi don haɓaka matsin ruwa da yuwuwar raba shi zuwa magudanan ruwa da yawa. Mutum na iya haɗa bututun tare da haɗin zaren, "mai saurin haɗawa" nan take ko mai haɗin Storz.Wesser, James (25 February 2024). "How do fire hydrants work?". WHTM.

Idan an buɗe mashin ɗin wuta ko rufe da sauri, guduma na ruwa zai iya faruwa kuma ya lalata bututu da kayan aiki kusa. Ruwan da ke cikin layin bututun da aka caje yana sa ya yi nauyi sosai, kuma yawan ruwa yana haifar da taurin kai kuma baya iya jujjuyawa yayin da ake matse shi. Lokacin da ruwa mai wuta ba tare da toshewa ba, wannan ba matsala ba ne, saboda akwai isasshen wurin da za a iya sanya tiyo daidai.

Yawancin bawul ɗin ruwa na wuta ba a tsara su don murƙushe kwararar ruwa ba; an tsara su don a yi aiki da su gabaɗaya ko a kashe su. Tsarin valving na mafi yawan busassun ganga na ruwa shine don magudanar ruwa ya buɗe a wani abu banda cikakken aiki. Yin amfani da shi a ɗan buɗewa na iya haifar da kwararar ruwa kai tsaye zuwa cikin ƙasan da ke kewaye da hydrant, wanda, bayan lokaci, na iya haifar da zazzaɓi mai tsanani. Ana iya shigar da bawul ɗin ƙofa ko malam buɗe ido kai tsaye a kan buɗaɗɗen hydrant don sarrafa abubuwan ɗaiɗaikun ɗaiɗaiku da ba da damar canza haɗin kayan aiki ba tare da kashe kwararar zuwa wasu kantuna ba. Waɗannan bawuloli na iya zama har zuwa inci 12 (30 cm) a diamita don ɗaukar manyan kantunan “steamer” na tsakiya akan yawancin hydrants na Amurka. Yana da kyau a shigar da bawuloli akan duk kantuna kafin amfani da hydrant kamar yadda ma'ajin kariya ba su da aminci kuma suna iya haifar da babban rauni idan sun kasa.

Sabbin ma'aikatan kashe gobara galibi ana horar da su sosai a kan ruwan wuta a makarantar kashe gobara don su kasance cikin sauri da aminci yayin haɗa injin kashe gobara zuwa injin wuta (yawanci cikin minti ɗaya). Yawancin lokaci yana da mahimmanci yayin da sauran masu kashe gobara za su kasance suna jiran samar da ruwa. Lokacin aiki da hydrant, ma'aikacin kashe gobara yakan sanya kayan kariya masu dacewa, kamar safar hannu da kwalkwali mai sanye da garkuwar fuska. Ruwa mai matsananciyar matsa lamba ta hanyar yuwuwar tsufa da hydrant mai lalata zai iya haifar da gazawa, ya raunata ma'aikacin kashe gobara da ke aiki da hydrant ko maƙiyi.

A mafi yawan hukunce-hukuncen shari'a ba bisa ka'ida ba ne a yi fakin mota a cikin tazarar tazarar wutar lantarki. A Arewacin Amurka, nisa yawanci mita 3 zuwa 5 (10 zuwa 16 ft), yawanci ana nuna shi ta launin rawaya ko ja a kan shinge. Dalilin da ke bayan waɗannan dokokin shine cewa hydrants yana buƙatar a bayyane kuma a sami damar shiga cikin gaggawa. Idan aka yi fakin mota ba bisa ka’ida ba kusa da injin kashe gobara a lokacin da masu kashe gobara ke bukatar shiga, an ba wa jami’an kashe gobara damar fasa gilasan motar da za su bi ta cikin ta, yayin da mai motar ke karbar takardar ajiye motoci.

 Sauran amfani 

 Wasan titi 
Yara suna wasa a cikin feshin ruwan wuta a Philadelphia (1996)

A cikin 1896, a lokacin da ake fama da matsanancin zafi a birnin New York, Kwamishinan Ayyuka na Jama'a ya ba da umarnin buɗe ruwan wuta don ba da agaji ga jama'a.[5] A yau wasu al'ummomin Amurka suna ba da kawuna masu yayyafi don baiwa mazauna damar yin amfani da ruwa don yin sanyi yayin yanayi mai zafi, yayin da suke samun ikon yin amfani da ruwa. Wani lokaci waɗanda kawai ke neman yin wasa a cikin ruwa suna cire iyakoki su buɗe bawul, suna ba mazauna wurin yin wasa da sanyi a lokacin rani.

 Hana rashin amfani 
Don hana amfani na yau da kullun ko rashin amfani, hydrant yana buƙatar kayan aiki na musamman don buɗewa, yawanci babban maƙarƙashiya tare da soket ɗin pentagonal. Masu fashi a wasu lokuta suna haifar da asara ta kuɗi ta hanyar ɓarnatar da ruwa lokacin da suka buɗe hydrants. Irin wannan barna kuma na iya rage matsi na ruwa na karamar hukumar da kuma kawo cikas ga kokarin da ma'aikatan kashe gobara ke yi na kashe gobara. Yawancin ruwan wuta a Ostiraliya ana kiyaye su ta hanyar murfin launin azurfa tare da saman ja, an tsare su zuwa ƙasa tare da kusoshi don kare hydrant daga ɓarna da amfani mara izini. Dole ne a cire murfin kafin amfani.

A yawancin yankuna na Amurka, ƴan kwangilar da ke buƙatar ruwa na wucin gadi na iya siyan izini don amfani da ruwa. Izinin gabaɗaya zai buƙaci mitar ruwa, bawul ɗin kofa da wani lokacin bawul ɗin clapper (idan ba a ƙirƙira shi cikin hydrant ba tukuna) don hana koma baya cikin hydrant. Bugu da ƙari, mazaunan da ke son yin amfani da ruwan ruwa don cika wurin wankan da suke cikin ƙasa ana ba su izinin yin hakan, muddin sun biya kuɗin ruwan kuma sun yarda su ƙyale masu kashe gobara su yi shiri daga tafkinsu a cikin yanayi na gaggawa.

Hakanan ana iya ba da sabis na gari, kamar masu shara kan titi da manyan tankunan tanki, su yi amfani da injin ruwa don cika tankunan ruwansu. Sau da yawa manyan motocin gyaran magudanan ruwa suna buƙatar ruwa don fitar da layukan magudanar ruwa da kuma cika tankunansu a wurin daga magudanar ruwa. Idan ya cancanta, ma'aikatan birni za su rubuta adadin ruwan da suka yi amfani da su ko amfani da mita.

Ana iya amfani da ruwan wuta don samar da ruwa ga motocin da ke hana tarzoma. Wadannan motocin suna amfani da karfin ruwa mai karfin gaske don hana tarzoma.

Tun da hydrants na wuta ɗaya ne daga cikin sassan da aka fi samun damar shiga tsarin rarraba ruwa, ana amfani da su sau da yawa don haɗa ma'aunin matsa lamba ko masu katako ko saka idanu akan matsa lamba na ruwa. Yawancin lokaci ana haɗa na'urori masu juyewa ta atomatik zuwa masu ruwa don kiyaye matakan chlorination a wuraren da ba su da amfani. Hakanan ana amfani da hydrants azaman wurin shiga ƙasa mai sauƙi ta na'urorin gano ɗigo don gano ɗigogi daga sautin da suke yi.