Ƙungiyar Jama'ar Azanian

Kungiyar Jama'ar Azanian (AZAPO) ƙungiya ce ta 'yanci da jam'iyyar siyasa ta Afirka ta Kudu. Fuka-fukan ɗalibai guda biyu na kungiyar sune Azanian Students' Movement (AZASM) don ɗaliban makarantar sakandare da Yarjejeniyar Daliban Azanian (AZEA) don ɗalibai na matakin jami'a. Yankin mata na kungiyar shine Kungiyar Mata ta Imbeleko, wanda aka fi sani da IMBELEKO .An samo wahayi ne daga Black Consciousness Movement wanda ya yi wahayi zuwa falsafar Black Consciousity wanda Steve Biko, Harry Nengwekhulu, Abram Onkgopotse Tiro, Vuyelwa Mashalaba da sauransu suka haɓaka, da kuma Marxist Scientific Socialism.

 Tarihi 
An kafa AZAPO ne daga fitattun kungiyoyin wayar da kan bakaken fata wato, taron jama'ar Black People's Convention (BPC), kungiyar dalibai ta Afirka ta Kudu (SASO) da kuma Black Community Programs (BCP). Waɗannan su ne uku daga cikin 17 baƙi sani kungiyoyin da aka dakatar a ranar Laraba, 19 ga watan Oktoban shekarar 1977 saboda rawar da suka taka a cikin 16 ga watan Yuni,shekara ta 1976 Soweto tawaye . Shekara guda bayan kafa kungiyar AZAPO, a watan Satumbar shekarar 1979, a taronta a Roodepoort, an zabi zartaswar kasa tare da Curtis Nkondo a matsayin shugabanta.  A cikin shekara ta 1987, gwamnatin Afirka ta Kudu ta dakatar da AZAPO tare da tilastawa karkashin kasa da gudun hijira.  Ba za a hana shi ba a cikin shekara ta 1990.  A cikin watan Oktoba, shekara ta 1994, AZAPO ta haɗu da ƙungiyar 'yar'uwarta a gudun hijira, Black Consciousness Movement of Azania (BCMA).  

Kungiyar AZAPO ta yi kamfen na mayar da Afirka ta Kudu saniyar ware a lokacin mulkin wariyar launin fata ta hanyar yin " kauracewa al'adu" a kasar; Bakar fata sun sake dawo da kudurinsu na fafutukar kwato 'yancinsu tare da kafa kungiyoyin kwadago da kungiyoyin fararen hula.

Bangaren AZAPO da ke dauke da makamai shi ne rundunar 'yantar da kasa ta Azaniya (AZANLA) wacce ta samu tallafi da horar da sojoji daga Iran, Yugoslavia, China, Libya, Botswana, Palestine, Syria, Koriya ta Arewa, Cuba, Zimbabwe da Eritrea. AZANLA dai ita ce magaji ga jam’iyyar APLF wadda ‘yan kungiyarta suka samu horon soji daga kasashe irin su Palastinu da Syria da Lebanon da kuma Iraki. Akwai yarjejeniya da Iraqi domin horar da mayakan AZANLA amma hakan ya ci tura sakamakon yakin Gulf na farko a shekarar 1990. A cikin shekarun 1980s, ta shiga cikin rikicin tsaka-tsaki na jini da ANC wanda ke aiki a karkashin jam'iyyar United Democratic Front (UDF).

AZAPO, tare da reshen matasa na AZAYO ba a dakatar da su ba a cikin shekara ta 1990, wanda ya ba ta damar ci gaba da shirye-shiryenta na siyasa bisa ka'ida. An gayyace shi, amma ya ki shiga, tattaunawar kawo karshen mulkin wariyar launin fata, shawarar da ta kai ga yin murabus na manyan mambobi biyu, Monwabisi Vuza da Imraan Moosa. Sannan jam'iyyar ta kauracewa zaben shekarar 1994, amma tun daga lokacin ta shiga kowane zabe. AZAPO ta samu kujeru daya a kowane zabukan shekara ta 1999 da 2004 da shekarar  2009, amma ta kasa samun kujera a babban zaben shekara ta 2014 .

Shugaban jam'iyyar na yanzu (Shugaban kasa) shine Nelvis Qekema wanda aka zaba a babban taron kasa karo na 25 da aka gudanar a Jami'ar Johannesburg, Soweto a ranar 4 ga watan Disamba, shekara ta 2021. Ya gaji Strike Thokoane wanda aka zabe shi a matsayin shugaban AZAPO a shekarar 2017, a lokacin babban taron jam’iyyar na kasa karo na 23 a Meadowlands, Soweto. 

A cikin watan Oktoban shekarar  2022, AZAPO da Pan Africanist Congress of Azania (PAC) sun ba da sanarwar sabuwar yarjejeniyar hadin kai tare da niyyar tsayawa takara tare. 

 Tattaunawa da SOPA 
Jam’iyyar ta yi shawarwari akai-akai da SOPA da nufin hadewar bangarorin biyu, amma hakan ya wargaje a shekara ta 2004, 2007 da kuma a shekarar 2013.  

 Sakamakon zabe 

 Zaben majalisar dokokin kasa 

|-
! Election
! Total votes
! Share of vote
! Seats 
! +/–
! Government
|-
! 1999
| 27,257
| 0.17%
| 
| New
| 
|-
! 2004
| 39,116
| 0.25%
| 
|  0
| 
|-
! 2009
| 38,245
| 0.22%
| 
|  0
| 
|-
! 2014
| 20,421
| 0.11%
| 
|  1
| 
|-
! 2019
| 12,823
| 0.07%
| 
|  0
| 
|-
!2024
|19,048
|0.12%
|
|  0
| 
|}

 Magana