Bawa Jan Gwarzo

Bawa Jan Gwarzo (c. a shekara ta 1715 zuwa c. Shekarar  1790) ya kasance mai mulkin mulkin Hausa na Gobir daga shekara da 1777 zuwa shekarar 1795. Ana tunawa da shi saboda nasarorin da ya samu a soja, musamman ci gaba da manufofin fadada mahaifinsa, Sarkin Gobir Babari, wanda ya sa Gobir ya zama iko mai ban tsoro a yankin. Har ila yau, mulkinsa ya ga hauhawar Usman dan Fodio da ƙungiyarsa ta sake fasalin.

 Rayuwa ta farko 
An haifi Bawa a kusa da shekara ta 1715 a cikin gidan sarauta na Gobir . Mahaifinsa, sarki Gobir Babari, ya zama mai mulki (ko sarki) na Gobir bayan ya kwace iko ta hanyar kashe wanda ya riga shi, mahaifinsa Uban Iche . A karkashin mulkin Babari, Gobir ya yi yaƙi da jihohin da ke kewaye da shi, gami da wasu daga cikin abokanta. Ɗaya daga cikin irin wannan abokantaka shine Zamfara, wanda Babari ya lalata babban birninsa gaba ɗaya. Ana kuma tunawa da Bawa don kafa Alkalawa a matsayin sabon babban birnin Gobir . Hogben, S. J.; Kirk-Greene, A. H. M. (1966). The Emirates Of Northern Nigeria A Preliminary Survey Of Their Historical Traditions. Internet Archive. pp. 372–374.

Jaruntakar Bawa a fagen yaƙi ya ba shi laƙabi Jan Gwarzo, ma'ana 'ja na mutum marar tsoro', sunan Hausa da aka tanada ga mayaƙan da suka fi ƙarfin zuciya.

 Sarauta 
Bawa ya hau gadon sarauta a shekara ta 1777, ya gaji taken sarki da kuma jihar da ta riga ta shiga rikice-rikicen soja da yawa.Hogben, S. J.; Kirk-Greene, A. H. M. (1966). The Emirates Of Northern Nigeria A Preliminary Survey Of Their Historical Traditions. Internet Archive. pp. 372–374.

Bawa ya ci gaba da kamfen din mahaifinsa don mamaye yankin, yana gudanar da tafiye-tafiye na soja a fadin Katsina, Yauri, Agadez, da sassa na Zamfara. Ya sami nasarar mamaye biranen Maradi, da Birnin Karfi. Daga Nupe, ya fitar da yabo wanda ya hada da "bayin mata dubu biyar da bayi na gida dubu biyar, kowannensu ya kawo tare da shi dubu ashirin. " A sakamakon haka, ya aika da Etsu Nupe: "dawakai ɗari (wanda goma sha biyu su ne Bornu) da kuma kyawawan bayi mata biyu, kowanninsu yana sanye da mundaye na siliki. "Hogben, S. J.; Kirk-Greene, A. H. M. (1966). The Emirates Of Northern Nigeria A Preliminary Survey Of Their Historical Traditions. Internet Archive. pp. 372–374.

Ƙarin iko da tasirin da Gobir ya samu a lokacin mulkin Bawa ya ba shi damar zama kawai jihar Hausa da ta ƙi aika haraji ga Daular Bornu, tana tabbatar da 'yancin kanta.

Duk da nasarorin da ya samu da yawa, burin Bawa ya ƙare ta hanyar cin nasarar da ya yi wa Sarkin Katsina Agwaragi a kusa da shekara ta 1790. A cikin wannan yaƙin, wanda 'mahimmanci na bara' ya bayyana kamar yadda marubuta na Sokoto suka bayyana, an kashe ɗansa. Bawa ya mutu daga rauni kwanaki arba'in bayan haka. Hogben, S. J.; Kirk-Greene, A. H. M. (1966). The Emirates Of Northern Nigeria A Preliminary Survey Of Their Historical Traditions. Internet Archive. pp. 372–374. 

 Dangantaka da Usman dan Fodio 
Ɗaya daga cikin mahimman fannoni na mulkin Bawa shine dangantakarsa da Usman dan Fodio, mai gyara addinin Musulunci daga garin Gobir na Degel . Usman ya fara wa'azi game da dawowa ga Islama 'tsarkakewa', yana jaddada bin Shari'a (dokar Islama) da kuma ba da shawara ga sauye-sauyen ɗabi'a da zamantakewa a duk faɗin Hausaland. Sakonsa ya sami karbuwa a duk yankin, a lokacin galibi tsakanin sauran malaman Islama. Hogben, S. J.; Kirk-Greene, A. H. M. (1966). The Emirates Of Northern Nigeria A Preliminary Survey Of Their Historical Traditions. Internet Archive. pp. 372–374. Last, Murray (1967). The Sokoto Caliphate. Humanities Press. pp. 7–8.Usman, Yusufu Bala (1981). The transformation of Katsina, 1400-1883 : the emergence and overthrow of the Sarauta system and the establishment of the emirate. Internet Archive. Zaria, Nigeria : Ahmadu Bello University Press. pp. 90–92. ISBN 978-978-125-016-3.

A lokacin Bikin Id al-Kabir na  shekara ta 1788 da shekarar 89, Bawa, wanda ke da shekaru 75, ya gayyaci Usman ya shiga addu'o'in Id a Magami. Duk da yake ainihin niyyar Bawa ba ta da tabbas, al'ada ta nuna cewa da farko ya shirya kashe Usman lokacin da ya isa. Koyaya, da fahimtar karuwar shahararren Usman da kuma rashin amfani na ƙoƙarin murkushe shi, Bawa a maimakon haka ya tattauna yarjejeniyar da ta ba Usman damar ci gaba da koyarwarsa. Bukatar Usman guda biyar sun shafi 'yancin yin wa'azi, yadda ake bi da Musulmai da fursunoni, da haraji.Last, Murray (1967). The Sokoto Caliphate. Humanities Press. pp. 7–8.Usman, Yusufu Bala (1981). The transformation of Katsina, 1400-1883 : the emergence and overthrow of the Sarauta system and the establishment of the emirate. Internet Archive. Zaria, Nigeria : Ahmadu Bello University Press. pp. 90–92. ISBN 978-978-125-016-3.

A addu'o'in Id, duk malaman Bawa sun watsar da shi, sun shiga Usman da mabiyansa, wadanda tare suka kai kusan dubu. Ana tunawa da Bawa saboda nunawa ga Shaikh a fili kuma yana mai cewa sarakunan Gobir waɗanda za su gaji shi ba za su kasance fiye da shugabannin Alkalawa ba.Last, Murray (1967). The Sokoto Caliphate. Humanities Press. pp. 7–8.

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba