Ranar Afirka

Ranar Afirka (tsohon Ranar 'Yancin Afirka da Ranar 'Yancin Afirka ) ita ce ranar tunawa da kafuwar Kungiyar Hadin Kan Afirka a ranar 25 ga Mayu 1963.  Ana yin bikin ne a kasashe daban-daban na nahiyar Afirka da ma duniya baki daya.  Kungiyar Tarayyar Afirka ta maye gurbin kungiyar a ranar 9 ga Yulin 2002, amma ana ci gaba da bikin ranar 25 ga Mayu.

 Fage 
An gudanar da taron farko na kasashen Afirka masu zaman kansu a Accra, Ghana a ranar 15 ga Afrilu 1958. Firayim Ministan Ghana Dr. Kwame Nkrumah ne ya kira shi kuma ya ƙunshi wakilai daga Masar (wacce yanki ne na Jamhuriya Larabawa a lokacin), Habasha, Laberiya, Libiya, Maroko, Sudan, Tunisiya, Ƙungiyar Jama'ar Kamaru, da kuma ƙasar Ghana mai masaukin baki. Ba a gayyaci Tarayyar Afirka ta Kudu ba. Taron ya baje kolin ci gaban da yunkurin 'yantar da nahiyar Afirka ke samu baya ga nuna aniyar al'ummar Afirka na 'yantar da kansu daga mamayar kasashen waje da kuma cin zarafi . Duk da cewa Majalisar Pan-African Congress ta dade tana kokarin cimma manufofinta iri daya tun kafuwarta a shekarar 1900, wannan shi ne karon farko da aka gudanar da irin wannan taro a kasashen Afirka. 

Taron ya yi kira da a kafa ranar ‘yancin kai na Afirka, ranar da za a “...na tunawa kowace shekara ci gaban yunkurin ‘yantar da jama’a, da kuma nuna aniyar al’ummar Afirka na ‘yantar da kansu daga mamayar kasashen waje da kuma cin zarafi.

Taron ya kasance abin lura a cikin cewa ya kafa tushen tarurrukan da shugabannin kasashen Afirka suka yi a baya a zamanin kungiyar Casablanca da kungiyar Monrovia, har zuwa lokacin da aka kafa kungiyar hadin kan Afirka (OAU) a shekarar 1963. 

 Tarihi 
Shekaru biyar bayan haka, a ranar 25 ga Mayun 1963, wakilan kasashen Afirka 30 suka yi taro a Addis Ababa, Habasha, wanda Emperor Haile Selassie ya karbi bakuncinsa. A lokacin sama da kashi biyu bisa uku na nahiyar sun sami 'yencin kai, akasari daga kasashen turai masu mulkin mallaka. A wannan taron, an kafa kungiyar hadin kan Afirka, da manufar farko ta karfafa wa kasashen Angola, Mozambique, Afirka ta Kudu da kuma Kudancin Rhodesia mulkin mallaka. Kungiyar ta yi alkawarin tallafa wa ayyukan da masu fafutukar 'yanci ke gudanarwa, da kuma kawar da hanyoyin soja zuwa kasashen da suka yi mulkin mallaka. An kafa wata yarjejeniya wacce ta nemi inganta rayuwar jama'a a tsakanin kasashe mambobin kungiyar. Selassie ya ce, "Bari wannan taron na ƙungiyar ya wuce shekaru 1,000." 

Duk mahalarta taron sun sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar a ranar 26 ga Mayu, ban da Maroko.  A wannan taron, an sake sunan ranar 'Yancin Afirka ranar 'Yancin Afirka .  A 2002, Tarayyar Afirka ta maye gurbin OAU. Sai dai ana ci gaba da gudanar da bikin ranar Afrika da aka sauya wa suna a ranar 25 ga watan Mayu dangane da kafa kungiyar OAU. 

 Bikin zamani 
Ana ci gaba da gudanar da bikin ranar Afirka a Afirka da ma duniya baki daya, galibi a ranar 25 ga Mayu (ko da yake a wasu lokuta ana iya tsawaita wadannan lokutan bukukuwa na tsawon kwanaki ko makonni).   An tsara jigogi na ranar Afirka na kowace shekara, inda shekarar 2015 ke zama "Shekarar karfafawa mata da ci gaban Afirka zuwa ajandar Afirka 2063 ". A wani taron da aka yi a birnin New York a shekara ta 2015, mataimakin babban sakataren MDD Jan Eliasson, ya gabatar da sako daga babban magatakardar MDD Ban Ki-Moon, inda ya ce, "Bari mu... mu kara himma wajen samarwa matan Afirka damar samun ilimi, aiki da kiwon lafiya, ta hanyar yin hakan, za mu kara kaimi ga kawo sauyi a Afirka".  Taken bikin ranar Afirka ta 2023 shi ne "Afrika tamu makoma".  Taken bikin ranar Afirka na 2024 shine "Tsarin Ilimi na Karni na 21". 

 Bukukuwan yanki na shida da na kasashen waje 

 Afrika – Caribbean (CARICOM) Ranar 
A cikin 2021 Jamhuriyar Kenya ta karbi bakuncin taron hadin gwiwa na farko na Tarayyar Afirka tare da yankin Caribbean Community (CARICOM) kusan.  Don tunawa da wannan taron an yanke shawarar cewa za a yi bikin Satumba 7,   a kowace shekara a matsayin Ranar Afirka-CARICOM a ko'ina cikin Caribbean don gane da ƙarfafa haɗin gwiwa tsakanin CARICOM da Afirka.   An yi bikin farko na watan Agusta a matsayin Ranar 'Yancin Afirka a cikin yawancin daular Burtaniya daga cinikin bayi na Afirka ta Tekun Atlantika  da ƙari na Ranar Afirka a cikin Caribbean dole ne a ɗauki shi a matsayin wani ɓangare na bikin da aka sani da 'Lokacin 'Yanci' a fadin ƙasashen Caribbean.

 Magana 

 Ƙara karatu 
 Allardt, Helmut; European Economic Community (1959). The tasks and the aims of the European Economic Community in Africa : lecture given on the occasion of Africa Day at the German Industries Fair, Hanover, 30 April 1959. Brussels : Publications Dept. of the European Communities. .
 Mugabe, Robert Gabriel; Zimbabwe. Ministry of Information, Posts and Telecommunications (1987). Address delivered to the Nation by Cde R.G. Mugabe, the Prime Minister of Zimbabwe, on Africa Day, 25 May 1987. Policy statement. Causeway, Zimbabwe : Ministry of Information, Posts and Telecommunications. .
 Ginkel, J. A. van; Court, Julius; Langenhove, Luk van; United Nations University; Africa Day Symposium on Integrating Africa (2003). Integrating Africa : perspectives on regional integration and development. Tokyo : United Nations University. .
 Bond, Patrick (2004). South Africa and global apartheid : continental and international policies and politics : address to the Nordiska Afrikainstitutet Nordic Africa Days, Uppsala, Sweden 4 October 2003. Discussion paper / Nordiska Afrikainstitutet = Scandinavian Institute of African Studies. Nordiska Afrikainstitutet. Discussion Paper, ; 25.