Takra

Takra samfurin tractor ne na Finnish. An samar da ita da raka'a 880 a cikin lokacin 1949-1954.  Taraktan yana iya fasaha amma ya yi tsada sosai la'akari da halayensa.

 Tarihi 
Masana'antar da ta ƙera Takra tana cikin Nekala, Tampere. An fara kafa  kamfanin ne a matsayin ma’aikacita na bas amma ta fara kera kayayyaki da ababen hawa a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu.  Bayan yakin kamfanin ya samar da injina da na'urori masu ɗaukar bel, waɗanda aka kera don ramawar yaƙi ga Tarayyar Soviet.  Samfurin ya kasance mai girman gaske;  Yawan ma'aikata ya kasance 300 kuma ya nuna alamar miliyan 188 a 1948. 

 Shirye-shiryen 
Bayan yakin, akwai karancin ma'aikata acikin ma'aikatan a Finland, kuma a cikin 1946 kamfanin ya yanke shawarar fara samar da ma'aikata. A farkon shekara ta 1947 an sanya Manajan Fasaha a kamfanin Aulis A. Lumme don yin shirye-shirye don tractor. An shirya samfurin farko a cikin bazara na 1948 kuma shekara guda bayan haka an nuna shi a bikin cika shekaru 40 na Kangasala Farmers' Society. An kuma bayar da rahoton taron a kan Helsingin Sanomat, babbar jaridar Finland. 

 Fitarwa 
An samar da jerin samfurori na farko na raka'a shida a watan Yunin 1949 kuma an aika daya daga cikinsu don gwaji ga Cibiyar Nazarin Injin Aikin Gona ta Jiha (Vakola). An yi ci gaba da yawa bayan ra'ayoyin.

An ba da wakilcin tallace-tallace ga Suomen Maanviljelijäin Kauppa Oy (SMK), wanda kuma ya sayar da tractors a McCormick. A watan Yunin 1950 Takra ya kasance a baje kolin Tampere a SMK stand, inda ya sami ganuwa mai yawa - yawan baƙi a lokacin baje kolin ya kasance 115,000.  Bayan wannan an nuna Takra a cikin baje kolin Savo a Varkaus . 

An fara samar da jerin a cikin 1950 kuma kamfanin ya ba da rahoton samar da fiye da raka'a 100. Koyaya, saboda yajin aiki a masana'antar ƙarfe, an samar da tractors 30 kawai a watan Fabrairu mai zuwa. Wannan ya haifar da shakku game da ikon samar da Takra, kuma gudanarwar kamfanin ta yi ƙoƙari ta shawo kan jama'a ta hanyar gaya wa cewa za a kara karfin samarwa da zaran za a biya bashin yaki. A ƙarshe, farashin tractors na Takra ya hau sama da yadda aka kiyasta kuma a bayyane yake ya fi tsada fiye da masu fafatawa na kasashen waje.

Yawan samarwa a cikin 1951 an ruwaito cewa tractor 100 ne, an kiyasta samar da shekara mai zuwa zuwa zuwa 200. Abinda kawai ke da matsala a wannan matakin shine ƙuntataccen kayan masarufi. Har ila yau, kamfanin ya tsara kuma ya samar da injunan noma masu jituwa da Takras. A lokaci guda akwai karancin ma'aikatan ma'aikata a Finland; an kiyasta rata ta kasance ma'aikatan 10 000-15 000 kuma samar da gida bai cancanci a ambaci shi ba.   Saboda haka, gwamnati tana karkashin matsin lamba don cire ƙuntatawa na shigo da kaya. A ƙarshen shekara ta 1951 an saki shigo da ma'aikatan ma'aikata na 'yan watanni, a lokacin da aka kawo ma'aikatan tractors daban-daban cikin sauri zuwa cikin ƙasar.

An fara gina sabon masana'antar Takra a cikin bazara 1953 kuma an tura samarwa cikin sabbin wurare a ƙarshen hunturu 1954. A lokacin yawan samarwa ya riga ya kai tractor daya a kowace rana kuma a cikin sabbin wurare ya kai tractors takwas a kowane mako. Ya yi kama da gaskiya don ƙara yawan shekara-shekara har zuwa matakin 500-600 tractors; an kiyasta adadi mafi girma wanda za'a iya isa ta hanyar taimakon masu kwangila. Ana sa ran farashin samarwa za a rage shi yayin da kuma lokacin da kundin ya karu.

Koyaya, ƙimar ƙimar alamar Finnish da farashin zubar da tractors na ƙasashen waje sun haifar da matsaloli. Misali, Fordson Major ya kai kimanin 500 000 a Sweden yayin da farashin a Finland ya kai 390 000 kawai.   Sabuwar masana'antar Takra ba ta ci gaba da aiki na dogon lokaci ba, har sai mai kamfanin, Väinö Paunu, ya yanke shawarar dakatar da samarwa. An sayar da masana'antar ga birnin Tampere . 

A hukumance samar da ma'aunin ma'auni na Takra ya kai 880 guda. A cewar takardun hukumomi adadin ya kasance kusan ɗari kaɗan. An sayar da Takras na ƙarshe daga hannun jari na SMK a shekarar 1955.

 Bayanan fasaha da halaye 
Tushen wutar lantarki shine injin paraffin na Waukesha tare da fitarwa na 26 horsepower. Rarrabawar ta kunshi kashi huɗu. Tractor ɗin yana sanye take da Haɗin maki uku. Nauyin kerb shine 1 740 kg.  

Sakamakon Takra ya dace da Fordson Major. A lokacin gwaje-gwaje na Vakola zai iya janyewa cikin sauƙi tare da kayan aiki na uku mai juyawa mai juyawa tare da rollers 25. Lokacin da aka sanye shi da sarkar ƙafa, Takra na iya jan gogewa guda biyu tare da shuka-fuki 14 ta hanyar matsakaiciyar ƙasa mai wuya.

An kimanta tractor ɗin a matsayin mai sauƙin amfani da kiyayewa, kuma a tsarin da kuma halayyar da ta dace da amfani da aikin gona gaba ɗaya. Kyakkyawan girman gona ga Takra wurare ne da ke da kimanin hekta 40 na filin sabili da haka damar kasuwar ta yi kyau. An yi la'akari da Takra ya dace da aikin gandun daji.

Tuntuɓe Takra shine farashinsa.  A cikin Disamba a shekara  1951 wani Takra tare da na'ura mai kunna wuta, mahaɗar ruwa mai lamba uku, puley don amfani a tsaye, kashe wuta da fitilolin mota ya kasance alamomi 665 000;  misali Fordson Major farashin sai kawai maki 351 500.  A gefe guda kuma, Takra yana samuwa ba tare da na'urorin da aka ambata ba, wanda ya rage farashinsa

 Bayananai 

Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba