Yakin Italo-Ethiopian

Yaƙin Italo da Habasha na 1887-1889 yaƙi ne da ba a bayyana ba tsakanin Masarautar Italiya da daular Habasha wanda ya faru a lokacin mulkin Italiya na mulkin mallaka na Eritriya, a lokacin wani yanki mai cin gashin kansa na daular Habasha da sunan Medri Bahri. Rikicin dai ya kare ne da yerjejeniyar Wuchale, wadda ta kebance iyaka tsakanin Habasha da Iritiriya ta Italiya. Yarjejeniyar ta kuma kunshi wasu sassan da fassarori daban-daban suka haifar da wani yakin Italo da Habasha.

Sarkin sarakuna Yohannes IV ya fuskanci juriya na cikin gida daga ɓangarorinsa masu iko. Sarki Menelik na Shewa ya rattaba hannu kan wata yerjejeniya ta tsaka-tsaki da Italiya a watan Oktoban 1887. Yayin da tawayen Mahdist a Sudan ya mamaye kan iyaka, Habasha ta fuskanci yakin gaba biyu. A farkon 1888, Yohannes ya yanke shawarar ba da fifiko wajen yaƙi da Mahdist. A watan Maris na 1889, Yohannes ya rasu a lokacin da yake yakar Mahdis a yakin Gallabat. Menelik ya yi sarauta bayan mutuwar Yohannes kuma ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar Wuchale da Italiya a watan Mayu 1889.
Duk da yake akwai yarjejeniya ta duniya cewa yakin ya fara a watan Janairu 1887, masana tarihi sun bambanta game da lokacin da ya ƙare. Sarkees & Wayman (2010) Wasu sun iyakance yakin zuwa 1887, Gleditsch (2004)  Clodfelter (2017) wasu sun mika shi har zuwa yarjejeniyar Wuchale a 1889, aulk, Richard Alan (2002). "Between the Jaws of Hyenas": A Diplomatic History of Ethiopia, 1876–1896. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag <re> Phillips & Axelrod (2005)</ref>  Kohn (2007), p. 263 wasu kuma sun hada shi da yakin Italo da Habasha na 1895-1896 kuma suna magance rikici guda ɗaya kamar yadda ya faru daga 1887 zuwa 1896.Jaques (2007)Sunan rikicin kuma ya bambanta. Ana iya kiransa Yaƙin Italo-Habasha na FarkoCaulk (2002)  Singer & Small (1994) call it the "first" Italo-Ethiopian war and classify it as an "imperial" and "extra-systemic" war because although Ethiopia was an independent power at the time, it was not part of the international system of states. da yaƙin 1895-1896 a matsayin Yaƙin Italo-Habasha na Biyu., Sarkees & Wayman (2010) in ba haka ba ana iya gano shi ta kwanan wata.Clodfelter (2017), p. 202, calls it the Italian–Abyssinian War. Phillips & Axelrod (2005)

Fage
Ƙasar Italiya ta farko a cikin abin da zai zama mulkin mallaka na Eritrea shine Assab Bay, wanda Giuseppe Sapeto ya saya a madadin Società di Navigazione Rubattino (Kamfanin Jirgin Ruwa na Rubattino) a ranar 15 ga Nuwamba 1869 daga 'yan'uwa Ibrahim da Hassan Ben Ahmed don 6,000 Maria Theresa thalers.Tripodi (1999)
An bude tashar Suez Canal bayan kwanaki biyu. Daga baya an kammala yarjejeniyar ga dillalai 8,350 tare da Sultan Abd Allah Sahim a matsayin jam’iyya. A ranar 11 ga Maris, 1870, Sapeto ya sayi Bay of Buya daga ’yan’uwa da sarkin musulmi. Shinn & Ofcansky (2013) tsakanin 15 Afrilu 1870 da Disamba 1879, duk da haka, kamfanin ya yi amfani da Assab. Kamfanin ya ba da shi ga gwamnatin Italiya, wanda a ranar 5 ga Yuli 1882 ya zartar da wata doka da ta mai da ita mulkin mallaka na farko a Italiya.Tripodi (1999)
Fashewar boren Mahdiyya ya sauya yanayin siyasa a yankin kahon Afirka. Masar ba ta iya kula da sansaninta a Massawa ba, kuma tare da amincewar Burtaniya, wani ma'aikacin Corpo Speciale per l'Africa (Special Corps for Africa), wanda Kanar Tancredi Saletta ya jagoranta, ya mamaye ta a ranar 5 ga Fabrairu, 1885.Tripodi (1999)

Gangamin yakin

Misalin Siege na Saati
Rikici na farko
Manyan labarai: Siege na Saati da yakin Dogali
Yunkurin da Italiya ta yi zuwa yankin Massawa, yankin da Habasha ke da'awar, ya haifar da rikici da na Habasha, musamman na Ras Alula, gwamnan Mareb Mellash.

A ranar 24Sarkees & Wayman (2010) ko 25 ga Janairu 1887, Alula ya kai hari ga sansanin Italiya a Saati. A fafatawar da ta biyo baya, an yi wa dakarunsa duka.Henze (2000), pp. 157–159 A ranar 26 ga watan Janairu, sojojin Habasha mai kimanin mutane 15,000 sun yi wa bataliyar Italiya kwanton bauna da aka aika don karfafa Saati kuma sun kusan halaka ta a Dogali, mil 10 (kilomita 16) yamma da Massawa. Yakin Dogali ya zama daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci a tarihin Habasha na zamani. ]Henze (2000), pp. 157–159 Alula bai bi diddigin nasararsa ba, ya gwammace ya jira izinin Yohanna ya ci gaba. Ya shiga Asmara a ranar 31 ga Janairun 1887.Erlich (1973)

Manazarta