Tokyo Sexwale

Mosima Gabriel "Tokyo" Sexwale ( ;  an haife shi a ranar 5 ga watan Maris 1953) ɗan kasuwa ɗan Afirka ta Kudu ne, ɗan siyasa, mai fafutukar yaƙi da nuna wariyar launin fata, kuma tsohon ɗan kurkukun siyasa. Shekaru da yawa, Sexwale yana kurkuku a tsibirin Robben saboda ayyukansa na yaki da nuna wariyar launin fata, tare da wasu mutane irin su Nelson Mandela. Bayan babban zaɓe na shekarar 1994 —zaɓe na farko na dimokuraɗiyya a Afirka ta Kudu—Sexwale ya zama Firimiyan lardin Gauteng.

 Rayuwar farko da ilimi 
An haifi Sexwale a cikin garin Orlando West, a cikin Soweto. Mahaifinsa ma'aikaci ne a babban asibitin Johannesburg kuma ya yi yaƙi da Jamusawa a yakin duniya na biyu.  Sexwale ya girma a lokacin tashin hankalin garin baƙar fata. A shekarar 1973, ya sauke karatu daga Orlando West High School.

A cikin ƙarshen shekarar 1960s, Sexwale ya zama memba na Steve Biko's Black Consciousness Movement kuma ya zama shugaban gida na ƙungiyar 'yan Afirka ta Kudu masu tsattsauran ra'ayi. A farkon shekarun 1970, ya shiga reshen masu ɗauke da makamai na jam'iyyar African National Congress, Umkhonto we Sizwe (""spear of the nation"").  Yayin da yake ƙasar Swaziland, ya kammala takardar shedar karatun kasuwanci a jami'ar Botswana, Lesotho da Swaziland.  A shekara ta 1975 Sexwale ya tafi gudun hijira, inda ya sami horon jami'an soji a Tarayyar Soviet, inda ya kware a aikin Injiniyanci na soja.

 Ɗauri 
Bayan da ya koma Afirka ta Kudu a shekarar 1976, an kama Sexwale tare da wasu mutane 11 bayan wani artabu da jami'an tsaron Afirka ta Kudu. Bayan shafe kusan shekaru biyu ana shari'a a Kotun Kolin Afirka ta Kudu a Pretoria.An tuhume shi  da haɗa baki don kifar da gwamnati. A cikin shekarar 1977, an aika Sexwale zuwa gidan yarin mafi girman tsaro na tsibirin Robben don yin hukuncin ɗaurin shekaru 18.  Yayin da yake kurkuku a tsibirin Robben, ya yi karatun digiri na BCom a Jami'ar Afirka ta Kudu.  An saki Sexwale a watan Yuni 1990 a ƙarƙashin sharuɗɗan Yarjejeniyar Groote Schuur tsakanin gwamnatin Jam'iyyar ta ƙasa da Majalisar Wakilan Afirka ta ƙasa.  Ya shafe shekaru 13 a gidan yari. 

A wannan lokacin, wani ɗan ’yan sanda mai suna Judy van Vuuren ya wakilce shi. Sun fara dangantaka ta sirri yayin da yake cikin kurkuku, kuma sun yi aure ba da daɗewa ba bayan an sake shi a shekarar 1990. 

 Aikin siyasa 
Bayan da aka sake shi, Sexwale ya koma Johannesburg, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban sashen hulɗa da jama'a na hedikwatar Congress National Congress. Daga nan aka naɗa shi shugaban ayyuka na musamman, inda ya kai rahoto ga hedkwatar sojojin ANC. A watan Satumba na 1990, an zaɓe shi a matsayin memba na kwamitin zartarwa na ANC a yankin Pretoria  Witwatersrand Vereeniging (PWV).

Bayan zaɓen Afirka ta Kudu a watan Afrilun 1994, an zaɓi Sexwale a matsayin firimiya na farko na sabon Lardin PWV (wanda aka sake masa suna Lardin Gauteng a watan Disamba 1994). A cikin wannan rawar, an yaba masa da samar da zaman lafiya a garuruwa da dama na siyasa. Sexwale ya bar siyasa zuwa sashin kamfanoni a cikin shekarar 1998. Ba a taɓa bayyana dalilan hakan kwata-kwata ba, amma an bayar da rahoton saboda jin takurawa da takunkumin gwamnatin tsakiya da kuma gajiya da makircin Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya na cikin gida.<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2011)">Karin</span> [ ] Sexwale ya bar siyasa saboda rashin jituwa mai karfi da mataimakin shugaban ƙasar Afirka ta Kudu, Thabo Mbeki.Wani hasashe shi ne cewa aurensa ya buɗe damar kasuwanci a cikin ɓangarorin kuɗin da fararen fata ke mamayewa wanda ya ba shi damar [ ] <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2011)">zai</span> buɗe wa sauran shugabannin baƙar fata ba.Sexwale, Cyril Ramaphosa da Mbeki sun kasance <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2011)">masu</span> [ ] yan takara ne da ke fafata neman shugabancin ƙasar bayan Mandela ya sauka. Da zarar Thabo Mbeki ya bayyana a matsayin ɗan takarar da aka fi so, duka Sexwale da Ramaphosa sun bar siyasa don su bi sana'o'i masu nasara a matsayin 'yan kasuwa.

A ranar 7 ga watan Janairun 2007, jaridar Sunday Times ta ruwaito cewa Sexwale yana fafutukar neman shugabancin jam'iyyar ANC, wanda hakan zai sanya shi maye gurbin Thabo Mbeki a matsayin shugaban Afirka ta Kudu a shekara ta 2009. Sexwale ya yarda a cikin Hard Talk na BBC cewa idan aka nemi ya tsaya takara a matsayin shugaban jam'iyyar ta ANC, zai yi la'akari da shi sosai.  An zaɓe shi a cikin mambobi 80 na kwamitin gudanarwa na jam'iyyar ANC a watan Disambar 2007 a matsayi na 10, da kuri'u 2,198. 

A ranar 10 ga watan Mayu 2009, Shugaba Jacob Zuma ya naɗa Sexwale a matsayin Ministan Matsugunan Jama'a,  ma'aikatar da ta maye gurbin Sashen Gidaje.

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane
Rukuni:Haifaffun 1953