Masinde Muliro

Henry Pius Masinde Muliro (30 ga watan Yuni, 1922  - Agusta 14, 1992) ɗan siyasan Kenya ne daga ƙabilar Bukusu na babban mutanen Abaluhya na yammacin Kenya. Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin jigo a tsakiya wajen tsara yanayin siyasa a Kenya. Wani mai adawa da 'yan mulkin mallaka, ya yi fafutukar ganin an maido da tsarin dimokuraɗiyyar jam'iyyu da yawa a Kenya a shekarun baya.

 Rayuwar farko 
An haifi Henry Pius Masinde Muliro a ƙauyen Matili, a yankin Kimilili na ƙasar Kenya, ɗan Muliro Kisingilie da matarsa Makinia. Mahaifinsa manomin Katolika ne, kuma bayan iyayensa sun rasu, wani babban ɗan uwa mai suna Aibu Naburuk ya rene shi. Ya yi karatun firamare da sakandare a Kenya da Uganda, Ya halarci makarantun mishan da mabiya ɗarikar Katolika, ciki har da St. Peter's College a Tororo, Uganda. Ya shiga Jami'ar Cape Town a Afirka ta Kudu a shekarar 1949, inda ya yi rajista don yin digiri na farko a fannin Tarihi, Falsafa da Ilimi. Ya kammala karatu a shekarar 1953 da digiri a fannin fasaha da ilimi. A shekara ta 1954, ya koma gida tare da matarsa Marcia ta Afirka ta Kudu. Ya ɗan yi koyarwa a makarantar gwamnati. A shekarar 1957, ya bar aikinsa ya shiga siyasa. Tunaninsa na farko na siyasa da zamantakewa an kafa shi lokacin yana Jami'ar Cape Town.Members Of The 10th Parliament . Parliament of Kenya. Accessed June 19, 2008.

 Aikin siyasa 
A cikin shekarar 1948, Muliro ya shiga ƙungiyar Tarayyar Afirka ta Kenya (KAU), ƙungiyar da aka kafa don kare muradun 'yan Afirka a Kenya 'yan mulkin mallaka. Lokacin da ya bar koyarwa a shekara ta 1957, ya tsaya takarar kujerar majalisar dokokin Nyanza ta Arewa, wanda WWW Awori (kane ga tsohon mataimakin shugaban Kenya Moody Awori) ya riƙe. Muliro ya lashe zaɓen. Daga cikin 'yan majalisarsa akwai Daniel arap Moi mai wakiltar Rift Valley, Tom Mboya mai wakiltar Nairobi, Bernard Mate mai wakiltar Lardin Tsakiya, Ronald Ngala mai wakiltar Lardin Coast, James Nzau Muimi mai wakiltar Lardin Gabas, Lawrence Oguda mai wakiltar Nyanza ta Kudu, da Oginga Odinga mai wakiltar Nyanza ta tsakiya.Members Of The 10th Parliament . Parliament of Kenya. Accessed June 19, 2008.  A cikin shekarar 1958, Muliro ya kafa jam'iyyar Kenya National Party tare da goyon bayan mambobin Legco tara. Daga baya ya rusa jam'iyyarsa ya koma Kenya African Democratic Union (KADU). Daga baya aka naɗa shi ministan kasuwanci kafin Kenya ta samu ‘yancin kai a shekarar 1963. Muliro ya yi aiki a muƙamai daban-daban a gwamnatocin baya amma ya kasance a ɓangaren da bai dace ba na Shugaba Jomo Kenyatta.

Bayan mutuwar Kenyatta, ya nemi kujerar Kitale Gabas a babban zaɓen shekarar 1979, amma sabon shugaban ƙasa, Daniel Arap Moi, yana neman tabbatar da ikonsa, ya tabbatar da cewa tsohon abokinsa Muliro ya yi maguɗi a Kitale East don goyon bayan tsohon magajin gari Fred Gumo. Ya kasance cikin sanyi tsakanin shekarun 1979 da 1984; An sake yin maguɗi a zaɓen fidda gwani na jam’iyyar KANU a shekarar 1983. Sai dai a zaɓen 1984 da ya biyo baya, bayan da Gumo ya ci zaɓe ya ki cinyewa, sai da kyar Muliro ya lashe zaɓen  fidda gwani da ɗan takarar Kalenjin, Hon. Joseph Yego a zaɓen da aka yi fama da kura-kurai da maguɗin zaɓe. 

Ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan majalisa mai wakiltar mazaɓar Kitale ta Gabas har zuwa shekara ta 1988, lokacin da aka raba mazaɓar kuma ya yi takara a sabuwar majalisar da aka kirkiro a mazaɓar Cherangany a zaɓen shekarar 1988 Mlolongo. Da kyar ya samu nasarar zama ɗan majalisar wakilai na mazaɓar Cherangany a zaɓen shekarar 1988, amma sai aka soke zaɓensa nan da nan. A zaɓen fidda gwani na shekarar 1989, wani sabon shiga, Kalenjin Hon Kipruto Arap Kirwa ya doke shi.

 Kamfen na jam'iyyu da yawa 
A cikin shekarar 1989, Muliro ya haɗu tare da Kenneth Matiba, Charles Rubia, Martin Shikuku, Phillip Gachoka da Oginga Odinga don kafa FORD (Majalisar maido da mulkin demokraɗiyya), ƙungiya mai matsa lamba don komawa ga siyasar jam'i. Bayan tashin hankalin da ya ɓarke tsakanin magoya bayan FORD da ‘yan sanda da magoya bayan gwamnati, gwamnatin KANU ta amince da jam’iyyu da dama a shekarar 1991. FORD ta zama jam’iyya tare da Muliro a matsayin mataimakin shugabanta.

Ba da jimawa ba aka samu rashin jituwa tsakanin manyan abokan hamayya biyu Oginga Odinga da Kenneth Matiba kowannen su na son tsayawa takarar shugaban ƙasa kuma ba sa son sauraron dalili. Jim kaɗan bayan haka ne Muliro ya tafi birnin Landan domin gudanar da ayyukan tara kuɗaɗe ga sabuwar jam'iyyar siyasa ta Ford da aka kafa. Zai zama balaguron rashin lafiya: a dawowarsa, da isowarsa filin jirgin saman Nairobi da safiyar ranar 14 ga watan Agusta, 1992, ya faɗi ya mutu. Takaddamar da ake yi kan mutuwar tasa ta yi kamari ne sakamakon rashin wani jami’in da aka binne gawarwakin mutane a hukumance. An binne Muliro a gonarsa ta karkara da ke yankin Sibanga a ƙasar Kenya.Center for Multiparty Democracy: Politics and Parliamentarians in Kenya 1944–2007

Daga nan sai jam’iyyar ta rabu gida biyu bayan Muliro ya mutu sakamakon rashin jituwa kan wanda zai tsaya takarar shugaban ƙasa da shugaba Moi. Kenneth Matiba da Martin Shikuku suna da'awar cewa su ne ainihin ma'abota Ford rarrabuwa don kafa Ford Asili da Odinga da sauran su kafa Ford Kenya. Da Masinde Muliro bai mutu ba, da ainihin FORD ya kasance da haɗin kai kuma mai yiyuwa ne ta cire shugaba Moi a shekarar 1992.

 Rayuwa ta sirri 
Ya auri Mama Marcia Muliro a shekarar 1953.

Jami’ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Masinde Muliro da ke Kakamega ta sanya masa suna.

 Manazarta