Tainter gate

Ƙofar Tainter wani nau'i ne na ƙofofi na hannu na radial da ake amfani da shi a cikin madatsun ruwa da makullin canal don sarrafa kwararar ruwa. An ba shi suna don mai ƙirƙira ta, injiniyan tsarin Wisconsin Jeremiah Burnham Tainter.[1] Tainter, ma'aikacin kamfanin katako na Knapp, Stout and Co., ya ƙirƙira ƙofar a cikin 1886 don amfani da dam ɗin kamfanin da ke samar da Lake Menomin a Amurka.[1]

Bayani
Duban gefen ƙofar Tainter yayi kama da yanki na kek tare da ɓangaren yanki mai lanƙwasa yana fuskantar tushen ko tafkin ruwa na sama da titin yana nuni zuwa wurin da aka nufa ko ƙaramin tafkin. Fuskar mai lanƙwasa ko farantin fata na ƙofa tana ɗaukar nau'in yanki na silinda. Madaidaitan ɓangarorin siffar kek, hannayen trunnion, suna komawa baya daga kowane ƙarshen sashin silinda kuma su haɗu a wani tudu wanda ke aiki a matsayin maƙalli lokacin da ƙofar ke juyawa.[2]

Ka'ida 
Ƙarfin matsi a jikin da ya nutse yana aiki daidai da saman jiki. Zayyana Ƙofar Tainter yana haifar da duk wani ƙarfi mai matsa lamba da ke aiki ta tsakiyar da'irar da ƙofa ta zama sashe, ta yadda duk wani ƙarfin da zai haifar da matsa lamba yana aiki ta hanyar pivot na ƙofar, yin gini da zane cikin sauƙi. Lokacin da aka rufe ƙofar Tainter, ruwa yana ɗaukar gefen madaidaicin (na sama). Lokacin da ƙofar ke jujjuya, guduwar ruwan da ke wucewa a ƙarƙashin ƙofar yana taimakawa wajen buɗewa da rufe ƙofar. Fuskar da ke zagaye, dogon hannaye masu radial da bearings suna ba shi damar rufewa da ƙarancin ƙoƙari fiye da ƙofa mai lebur. Yawancin ƙofofin Tainter yawanci ana sarrafa su daga sama tare da sarkar / akwatin gear / taron motar lantarki.
Muhimmin abu mai mahimmanci a ƙirar ƙofar Tainter shine yawan damuwa da aka canjawa wuri daga farantin fata ta hannun radial da kuma ƙugiya, tare da ƙididdigewa dangane da sakamakon gogayya da aka fuskanta lokacin ɗagawa ko rage ƙofar. Wasu tsofaffin tsarin dole ne a canza su don ba da damar samun karfin juzu'i waɗanda ƙirar asali ba ta yi tsammani ba.[3] A cikin 1995, damuwa da yawa yayin buɗewa ya haifar da gazawar kofa a Dam ɗin Folsom da ke arewacin California. Wani fa'idar ƙofar Tainter shine ikonta na haɓaka ƙarfin tafki da daidaita yawan ruwan da ya wuce. Lokacin da ƙofar Tainter ta buɗe, ana ɗaga wani adadi sama da magudanar ruwan dam ɗin har sai an sami adadin da ake so. Ga kowace ƙafar da aka buɗe kofa, duk matakin tafki yana ƙaruwa sosai da daidai adadin. Don haka yayin da matakin ruwa a cikin tafki ya kusanto saman kofofin malalar, ana iya buɗe ƙofofin don rage matakin tafki. Idan shigar da tafki ya fi abin da ake zubewa, matakin ruwa na iya tashi sama da kofofin karfe. Ana iya amfani da wannan ƙarin ƙarfin don jinkirta aika ruwa zuwa ƙasa, misali idan kogin da ke ƙasa yana fuskantar babban ambaliya. Ƙofofin Tainter na iya taimakawa wajen riƙe da baya fiye da yadda aka tsara ƙarfin da aka ƙera na ruwa, yana ba da damar ƙarin lokaci don zubar da ruwa na halitta.

Manazarta