Yusuf Cachalia

Yusuf Mohamed Cachalia (15 Janairu 1915 - 9 Afrilu 1995) ɗan gwagwarmayar yaƙi da wariyar launin fata ne na Afirka ta Kudu. Ya kasance sakataren Majalisar Indiya ta Afirka ta Kudu, wanda a cikinta ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen shirya Gangamin Kamfen na shekarar 1952.

 Rayuwar farko da ilimi 
An haifi Cachalia a ranar 15 ga watan Janairu 1915 a Johannesburg. Mahaifinsa, AM (Ahmed Mohamed) Cachalia, ɗan Indiya ne mai fafutuka a siyasance: ya kasance makusanci ga Mohandas Gandhi kuma ya taɓa zama shugaban kungiyar Indiyawan Burtaniya ta Transvaal.  Cachalia da kansa ya bar Afirka ta Kudu tsakanin shekarun 1936 zuwa 1941 don karanta falsafar Musulunci a Indiya.

 Gwagwarmaya da aiki 
Bayan ya koma Afirka ta Kudu, Cachalia ya zama mai tasiri a cikin Transvaal Indian Congress (TIC) da kuma Afirka ta Kudu Indian Congress (SAIC), a ƙarshe ya zama sakataren SAIC. An san shi da falsafar siyasarsa ta "eclectic" na sirri, wacce ta haɗu da tunanin Islama na orthodox da falsafar Gandhian da Marxism. An yi masa kallon abokin Yusuf Dadoo, wanda aka ba da lamuni da yin tasiri na hagu a cikin majalisar dokokin Indiya,  da kuma abokin Nelson Mandela.  Kamar Dadoo da Mandela, ya kasance mai fafutukar neman kusanci tsakanin Indiyawa da bakar fata na Afirka.

Cachalia ya wakilci SAIC a kan kwamitin tsara shirin haɗin gwiwa wanda ya shirya yakin neman zabe na shekarar 1952 wanda ba na launin fata ba,  kuma a cikin watan Disamba 1952 yana cikin masu fafutuka da aka yanke wa hukunci saboda rawar da suka taka wajen tsara yakin. A shekara mai zuwa, an ba shi umarnin hanawa mai tsauri, wanda bayan haka an sabunta shi sau da yawa; tsakanin 1963 da 1973, ba wai kawai an dakatar da shi ba amma an tsare shi don kama shi a gida a Fordsburg.  "Obituary: Yusuf Cachalia". Mayibuye. 6 (2). 1 June 1995. Duk da haramcinsa, ya kasance memba na kwamitin da ya tsara Yarjejeniya ta 'Yanci a shekarar 1955.   Umarnin hana shi ya kare a shekarar 1977 kuma ya ci gaba da fafutukarsa. 

Ya mutu a gidansa a Johannesburg a ranar 9 ga watan Afrilu 1995, kasa da shekara guda bayan kawo karshen mulkin wariyar launin fata. Mandela, a lokacin yana zama shugaban Afirka ta Kudu, ya bayyana mutuwarta a matsayin "babban rauni".

 Rayuwa ta sirri 
Kachalia musulma ce.  Daga baya Joe Matthews ya ce an san ta da kasancewa, tare da Mandela, ɗaya daga cikin "manyan tufa biyu mafi kyau a cikin gwagwarmayar yaki da wariyar launin fata". 

Cachalia tana da 'ya'ya maza biyu da ɗiya daga cikin aure biyu. Matarsa ta farko ita ce Bettie du Toit, farar Afrikaner. A cikin watan Yuli 1955, ya sake yin aure da Amina Asvat, 'yar wani abokin Gandhi, Ebrahim Asvat.  A cikin tarihinta na shekarar 2013, Asvat ya yi zargin cewa wasu abokan Cachalia sun ƙi yarda da aurensu, wanda ya haifar da rashin jituwa tsakanin Cachalia da ɗan'uwansa, Moulvi, da kuma tsakanin Cachalia da Ahmed Kathrada.  Duk da haka, Asvat ya ce Cachalia "miji ne mai 'yanci. Yakan bar ni in yi daidai abin da na ga ya cancanta."  'Ya'yansu biyu sune Coco, ɗan jarida, da Ghaleb, ɗan siyasa.

 Manazarta 

 Hanyoyin haɗi na waje 

 Hoton 1952 na Cachalia a lokacin Kamfen na Defiance, ta hanyar Getty Images
Rukuni:Matattun 1995
Rukuni:Haihuwan 1915