Rarabewar iko

Ka'idar raba iko a aiki ta bambanta nau'ikan iko na jihohi (yawanci aiwatar da doka, yanke hukunci, da zartarwa) kuma yana buƙatar waɗannan ayyukan gwamnati su kasance masu rarrabewa a cikin ra'ayi da hukuma kuma a bayyana su, ta yadda za su kiyaye mutuncin kowannensu ]Waldron 2013, pp. 457–458 Don aiwatar da wannan tsari a aikace, anrraba gwamnati zuwa rassa masu zaman kansu masu zaman kansu don aiwatar da ayyuka daban-daban Waldron 2013, pp. 459–460 (mafi yawancin majalisu, ma'aikatar shari'a da gudanarwa, wani lokaci ana kiranta da trias politica). Lokacin da aka keɓe kowane aiki ga reshe ɗaya, ana siffanta gwamnati da cewa tana da babban matsayi na rabuwa; alhali, lokacin da mutum ɗaya ko reshe ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen aiwatar da ayyuka fiye da ɗaya, wannan yana wakiltar haɗakar iko.

Tarihi
Bambance-bambancen ƙasa
Kwanakin Jamhuriyar
batutuwa masu alaƙa
ikon Portal Siyasa
zo
Dada
Polybius (Histories, Book 6, 11-13) ya kwatanta Jamhuriya ta Roma a matsayin gwamnati mai gauraya wacce Majalisar Dattijai, Consuls da kuma Tarikai na Roma ke mulki. Polybius ya yi bayani dalla-dalla tsarin lissafin kuɗi da ma'auni, inda ya yaba wa Lycurgus na Sparta da gwamnatin farko irin wannan.[Polibius. (~150 B.C.). The Rise of the Roman Empire. Translated by Ian Scott-Kilvert (1979). Penguin Classics. London, EnglandI

Tsarin uku-uku
A lokacin yakin basasar Ingila, 'yan majalisa na kallon tsarin mulkin Ingila a matsayin wanda ya ƙunshi rassa uku - Sarki, House of Lords da House of Commons - inda na farko ya kamata ya sami ikon zartarwa kawai, da na biyu na biyu na majalisa. Ɗaya daga cikin takardun farko da ke ba da shawarar tsarin raba iko da sassa uku shi ne Instrument of Government, wanda Janar na Ingila John Lambert ya rubuta a 1653, kuma ba da daɗewa ba an amince da shi a matsayin tsarin mulkin Ingila na wasu shekaru a lokacin The Protectorate. Tsarin ya ƙunshi reshe na majalisa (Majalissar) da rassa na zartarwa guda biyu, Majalisar Dokokin Ƙasa ta Ingilishi da Ubangiji Kare, duk an zaɓe su (ko da yake an zaɓi Ubangiji Kare har abada) kuma suna duba juna.Vile, Maurice J. C. (April 2008). "The separation of powers". In Greene, Jack P.; Pole, J. R. (eds.). A companion to the American Revolution. Wiley (Blackwell imprint). pp. 686–690. doi:10.1002/9780470756454.ch87. ISBN 978-0-470-75644-7.

Ra'ayoyin na rabon iko 
Akwai ra'ayoyi daban-daban game da yadda za a bambanta ayyukan gwamnati (ko nau'ikan ikon gwamnati), ta yadda za a iya rarraba su a tsakanin tsarin gwamnati da yawa (wanda aka fi sani da rassan gwamnati, ko makamai).Möllers 2019, p. 239: "The modern theory of separated powers [...] addresses the necessary or possible relations between [institutional] actors and their normative ‘functions’. Legislation, execution of laws and adjudication are ‘functions’ that the states or other public authorities fulfil and that are carried out by respective ‘branches’. In this context, the notion of ‘function’ refers to different types of legally relevant actions." Akwai ka'idodin nazari waɗanda ke ba da ruwan tabarau na ra'ayi ta hanyar da za a fahimci rarrabuwar madafun iko kamar yadda aka samu a cikin gwamnatocin duniya na zahiri (wanda aka haɓaka ta hanyar ilimin ilimi na gwamnatin kwatankwacin); akwai kuma ra'ayoyi na al'ada,On this distinction, see Möllers 2019, p.  duka na falsafar siyasa da dokokin tsarin mulki, waɗanda ke nufin ba da shawara (ba na al'ada ko na sabani ba) don raba iko. An samu sabani tsakanin ka’idoji na al’ada daban-daban musamman game da abin da ake so (wanda ake so, a fannin falsafar siyasa, ko sharuddan, a fannin nazarin shari’a) rabon ayyuka ga takamaiman hukumomin gwamnati ko sassan gwamnati[ Möllers 2019 Yadda ake zayyana daidai ko kuma da amfani da ayyana 'ayyukan jiha' wani babban kashi ne na jayayya.Möllers 2019

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