Gine-gine na Cape Dutch

Gine-ginen Cape Dutch wani salo ne na gine-ginen da aka fi samu a Yammacin Cape na Afirka ta Kudu, kodayake an yi gyare-gyaren zamani a yankuna kamar Western Australia da New Zealand, galibi akan wuraren ruwan inabi. Salon ya fito a cikin ƙarni na 17 a farkon shekarun Dutch Cape Colony, kuma ana kiransa da sunan mazauna Dutch waɗanda suka taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓaka ta. Tasiri kan salon za a iya samo shi zuwa al'adun gine-ginen na zamani daga Netherlands, Jamus, Faransa, da Indonesia.

 Siffofin gine-gine 
Wani sanannen fasalin gine-ginen Cape Dutch shine babban, gable, mai kyan gani, kama da waɗanda aka gani a cikin gidajen ƙauyen Holland a Amsterdam, Netherlands, wanda aka gina a cikin salon Holland. Duk da haka, wannan ba shine ma'anar salon ba, kamar yadda wasu gine-ginen Cape Dutch, irin su gidan Uitkyk manor a Stellenbosch, Afirka ta Kudu, ba su da gables amma har yanzu ana la'akari da su a cikin salon.

A ƙarshen ƙarni na 18, bambancin gine-ginen Cape Dutch wanda ya shafi neoclassicism na Jojiya ya zama sananne. Duk da haka, gidaje uku da aka gina da wannan salon ne suka rage.  Tsarin bene na gine-ginen Cape Dutch na yau da kullum yana biye da siffar H, tare da sashin gaba na tsakiya wanda ke gefen fikafikai guda biyu.

Gine-ginen Cape Dutch yana da alaƙa da abubuwa masu ma'ana da yawa, gami da:

 Ganuwar fara
 Rufaffen rufi
 Manya-manyan kwanon rufin katako na katako
 Wuraren katako na waje
 Dogayen sifofi a kwance, yawanci labari ɗaya ko biyu, galibi tare da tagogi masu ɗaki
 Koren ɗaki-ɗaki, wanda aka fi amfani da shi don ƙofofi da masu rufewa
 Gables na tsakiya, sau da yawa suna tunawa da gidajen canal na Holland, ko da yake ba a duniya ba

 Tasiri da adanawa 
Yawancin gine-ginen Cape Dutch na asali a Cape Town sun rushe saboda ci gaban birane, musamman a cikin shekarun 1960 lokacin da aka gina manyan gine-gine a cikin Bowl City. Duk da haka, salon ya kasance da kyau a cikin garuruwan tarihi da wuraren ruwan inabi tare da Cape Winelands na Afirka ta Kudu, ciki har da Stellenbosch, Paarl, Swellendam, Franschhoek, Tulbagh, da Graaff-Reinet.

Gables wani yanki ne na musamman na gine-ginen Cape Dutch. Binciken da aka yi a baya ya kwatanta nau'ikan kayan adonsu da na Amsterdam, kodayake a rabin na biyu na ƙarni na 18, ginin gable ya ragu a Amsterdam kanta. Madadin haka, an yi kamanceceniya na gine-gine tsakanin gables na Afirka ta Kudu da waɗanda aka samu tare da kogin Zaan a cikin Netherlands, inda al'adar ta kasance mai ƙarfi a lokacin ƙawancen Dutch na Cape ta Kamfanin Dutch United East India Company (VOC). 

 Farfaɗowar Cape Dutch 
alt=Groote Schuur and architect Sir Herbert Baker|right|thumb|250x250px| Gidan tarihi na Groote Schuur, wanda aka zana a cikin 1988.
A tsakiyar ƙarni na 19, gine-ginen Cape Dutch ya ragu sosai, kuma yawancin gine-ginensa sun lalace. An fara farfaɗo da salon a cikin shekarar 1893 lokacin da Cecil John Rhodes ya sayi Groote Schuur (    ) kuma ya ba da izini Sir Herbert Baker ya sake fasalin gidan manor. Baker ya nemi haɓaka salon gine-ginen ƙasar Cape, yana zana wahayi daga tsarin Cape Dutch ɗin da ake da shi. Koyaya, ƙirarsa a ƙarshe ta nuna gidan ƙasar Ingilishi tare da Cape Dutch gables maimakon ginin Cape Dutch ɗin kawai. Wannan aikin ya ba da gudummawa ga fitowar salon Revival na Cape Dutch. 

A cikin shekarar 1902, bayan nasarar da Birtaniyya ta samu a yakin Anglo-Boer, Baker ya koma Johannesburg, inda ya gabatar da salon Revival na Cape Dutch ga Witwatersrand, musamman a cikin gidajen da manyan masu hako ma'adinai da aka sani da Randlords suka ba da izini. Bayan kafa Tarayyar Afirka ta Kudu a cikin shekarar 1910, salon Revival na Cape Dutch ya sami shahara a matsayin salon gine-ginen ƙasa. Ba kamar na ainihin gine-ginen Cape Dutch ba, sigar farfaɗowa an fi saninsa da ƙayyadaddun gables.Jona Schellekens, "Dutch Origins of South-African Colonial Architecture," Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 56 (1997), pp. 204–206.

 Duba kuma 

 Gine-ginen mulkin mallaka na Holland
 Gine-gine na Farfaɗowar Mulkin Mallaka na Holland
 Gine-gine na Netherlands
 Tarihin Cape Town
 Jagora ga Tsohon Gine-gine na Cape
 Jerin salon gida

 Manazarta 

 Littattafai 





 Hanyoyin haɗi na waje 

 Tarihi da juyin halitta na Cape Dutch gine
 Hotunan hotuna masu yawa na gine-ginen Cape Dutch
  McGregor    - mafi kyawun adana kuma mafi cikakken misali na tsakiyar karni na 19 a lardin Cape