Al-Rashid Billah

Abu Ja'far al-Mansur ibn al-Faḍl al-Mustarshid bi'llah (Arabic; 1109 - 6 Yuni 1138) wanda aka fi sani da sunansa na mulkin Al-Rashid bi'lláh (Arabic) shi ne KHalifa na Abbasid a Bagadaza daga 1135 zuwa 1136. Ya gaji mahaifinsa al-Mustarshid a shekara ta 1135. Ya yi mulki na shekara guda kawai daga 1135 har zuwa lokacin da aka sauke shi a ranar 17 ga watan Agusta 1136 lokacin da jama'ar Baghdad suka tayar da shi.

 Tarihin rayuwa 
Al-Rashid bi'llah ɗan Khalifa Al-Mustarshid ne kuma mahaifiyarsa tana ɗaya daga cikin ƙwaraƙwaran Al-Mustarshid ana kiranta Khushf . Ta fito ne daga Iraki, kuma ita ce mahaifiyar ɗansa Mansur, wanda ya zama Khalifa Al-Rashid Billah na gaba.Cikakken sunansa shine Mansur ibn al-Faḍl al-Mustarshid kuma Kunya shine Abu Jaʿfar . Mahaifinsa al-Mustarshid ne ya zaba shi a matsayin magaji. A matsayinsa na yarima, ya ciyar da rayuwarsa a cikin birni mai kyau na Baghdad. An rubuta sunansa a tsabar kudi na Baghdad kuma a tsabar kudin Seljuq tare da Khalifa. Lokacin da aka kashe mahaifinsa a cikin 1135, sai ya hau gadon sarauta.
Kamar mahaifinsa, al-Mustarshid, al-Rashid ya sake yin ƙoƙari na samun 'yancin kai (a cikin soja) daga Turks Seljuk. Don rama mutuwar mahaifinsa, ya zagi jakadan sultan Ghiyath ad-Din Mas'ud wanda ya zo neman karimci mai yawa, ya sa taron jama'a su kwashe fadarsa, sannan, Zengi, wanda yake da abokin gaba ga sultan saboda kisan Dubais ibn Sadaqah, ya kafa sultan abokin hamayya. Mas'ud ya gaggauta zuwa babban birnin 'yan tawaye kuma ya kewaye shi. Bagadaza, wanda kogin da hanyoyinsa suka kare shi sosai, sun tsayayya da harin; amma a ƙarshe Khalifa da Zengi, ba tare da fatan samun nasara ba, sun tsere zuwa Mosul. An dawo da ikon sultan, an gudanar da majalisa, an kori Khalifa, kuma an nada kawunsa al-Muqtafi a matsayin sabon Khalifa.

Al-Rashid ya gudu zuwa Isfahan inda ƙungiyar Nizari Ismailis (Assassins) guda huɗu suka kashe shi a watan Yunin 1138. An yi bikin ne a Alamut na mako guda.

 Mutuwa 
Ar-Rashid an kashe shi ne ta hanyar ƙungiyar Nizari Shia Ismailis (Assassins) guda huɗu a watan Yunin 1138.

An gina Mausoleum a wurin hutawa na ƙarshe da aka sani da Al-Rashid Mausoleum wani tarihi ne a Birnin Isfahan . Ya samo asali ne daga zamanin Abbasid na Seljuqs kuma yana kan iyakar arewacin Zayanderud kusa da gadar Shahrestan. Wannan tsari shine wurin binne Al-Rashid Khalifa na 30 na Abbasid, wanda ya bar fadarsa ya gudu daga Baghdad zuwa Isfahan, lokacin da Mahmud ya kama Baghdad. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, Hashshashins sun yi wa Al-Rashid wuka kuma suka kashe shi a cikin 1138. Abinda kawai ke ado na mausoleum shine rubutun Kufic.

 Duba kuma 

 Ahmad ibn Nizam al-Mulk mai kula da mahaifinsa al-Mustarshid
 Khatun, matar al-Mustarshid

 Manazarta 

 Wannan rubutun an daidaita shi daga littafin William Muir na 1924Halifa: Tashi, Raguwa, da Faɗuwa, wanda ke cikin yankin jama'a.