Miriam mekeba

Zenzile Miriam Makeba (/məˈkeɪbə/ mə-KAY-bə, [2][3] Xhosa: [máˈkʼêːɓà̤] ⓘ; 4 Maris 1932 - 9 Nuwamba 2008), wanda ake yi wa lakabi da Mama Africa, mawaƙiyar Afirka ta Kudu ce, marubuci, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo, kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin jama'a. Haɗe da nau'ikan kiɗan da suka haɗa da Afroop, jazz, da kiɗan duniya, ta kasance mai ba da shawara kan wariyar launin fata da gwamnatin tsirarrun fararen fata a Afirka ta Kudu. An haife ta a Johannesburg ga iyayen Swazi da Xhosa, Makeba an tilasta mata samun aikin yi tun tana karama bayan mutuwar mahaifinta. Ta yi wani ɗan gajeren aure da ake zargin an yi mata aure na farko tana da shekara 17, ta haifi ɗa tilo a shekarar 1950, kuma ta tsira daga cutar kansar nono. An san gwanintar muryarta tun tana ƙarama, kuma ta fara rera waƙa da fasaha a cikin shekarun 1950, tare da ƴan'uwan Cuban, da Manhattan Brothers, da ƙungiyar mata baki ɗaya, Skylarks, suna yin cakuɗen jazz, waƙoƙin gargajiya na Afirka, da shahararriyar kiɗan Yammacin Turai. A shekarar 1959, Makeba ta taka rawar gani a fim din yaki da wariyar launin fata, Come Back, Afirka, wanda ya jawo hankalinta a duniya, kuma ya kai ga yin wasan kwaikwayo a Venice, London, da New York City. A London, ta sadu da mawakiyar Amurka Harry Belafonte, wanda ya zama mashawarci kuma abokin aiki. Ta koma birnin New York, inda nan da nan ta zama sananne, kuma ta yi rikodin faifan waƙa na farko a cikin 1960. Yunkurin da ta yi na komawa Afirka ta Kudu a wannan shekarar don jana'izar mahaifiyarta, gwamnatin ƙasar ta hana ta.

 Shekarun Farko 
Yarantaka da iyali An haifi Zenzile Miriam Makeba a ranar 4 ga Maris 1932 a cikin bakar fata na Prospect, kusa da Johannesburg, a matsayin ɗiya tilo ga mahaifinta kuma na shida ga mahaifiyarta. Mahaifinta Xhosa, Caswell Makeba, malami ne; ya rasu tana da shekara shida. Mahaifiyarta Swazi, Christina Makeba, ma'aikaciyar gida ce; a baya ta rabu da mijinta na farko kuma ta hadu kuma ta auri Caswell jim kadan bayan haka.Allen 2011, Makeba, Miriam ZenziFeldstein 2013, p. 34.Jolaosho 2021, Early Years Daga baya Makeba ta ce kafin a samu cikin ta, an gargade mahaifiyarta cewa duk wani ciki da zai yi a nan gaba zai iya mutuwa. Miriam ko mahaifiyarta da alama ba za su tsira ba bayan naƙuda da kuma haihuwa. Kakar Maryamu, wadda ta halarci haihuwar, sau da yawa takan furta uzenzile, kalmar Xhosa da ke nufin "ka kawo wannan a kanka", ga mahaifiyar Maryamu a lokacin da ta warke, wanda ya sa ta sanya wa 'yarta suna "Zenzile" Carmichael & Thelwell 2003, pp. 651–652.

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