Kate M. Gordon

Kate M. Gordon (1861 – 1932) ‘yar Amurka ce ’ yar takara, shugabar al’umma, kuma daya daga cikin manyan masu fafutukar kare ‘yancin zaben mata a Kudancin Amurka . Gordon shi ne wanda ya shirya taron Suffrage na Mata na Kudancin Amurka kuma ya jagoranci kamfen na 1918 don zaɓen mace a cikin jihar Louisiana, ƙoƙarin farko a duk faɗin jihar a Kudancin Amurka.

 Shekarun farko 
An haifi Kate M. Gordon a ranar 14 ga Yuli, 1861, a New Orleans, Louisiana, 'yar George Hume Gordon, wani malamin makaranta dan Scotland, da Margaret (Galiece) Gordon. Tana da ’yan’uwa mata biyu, Jean da Fanny, da kuma ’yan’uwa biyu, George M. da WA Gordon.  Mahaifiyar Kate ita kanta ta kasance farkon mai ba da ra'ayin 'yancin mata na zaɓe, bayan da ta halarci taron kare hakkin mata a New York tun a 1853.  Hakazalika mahaifinta ya himmatu wajen tabbatar da daidaito tsakanin mata da maza. 

 Sana'a 
Da farko Gordon ya shiga cikin gwagwarmayar yancin mata a cikin 1896 lokacin da ta ji wata lacca daga Colorado suffragist Mary CC Bradford a taron Unitarian na gida.  Ba da daɗewa ba bayan Gordon ya shiga ƙungiyar yancin mata na New Orleans, Portia Club, wanda aka shirya a 1892, kuma ya shiga tare da 'yar uwarta Jean da sauran matan gida don kafa Ƙungiyar Era (Equal Rights Association) a wannan shekarar.  Ƙungiyoyi biyu na tushen New Orleans za su haɗu daga baya don kafa Ƙungiyar Suffrage ta Jihar Louisiana. Shugaban farko na Ƙungiyar shine Evelyn W. Ordway, wanda Gordon ya yi aiki a cikin Era Club.  Gordon zai gaje Ordway, ya jagoranci Ƙungiyar daga 1904 har zuwa 1913. 

Ƙoƙarin shirya jama'a na farko na Gordon ya zo ne a cikin 1899, lokacin da ta fito da mata da suka cancanci jefa ƙuri'a ta hanyar kasancewa masu biyan haraji a cikin zaɓen haɗin kai na musamman don haɓaka haɓakawa a cikin najasa da tsarin magudanar ruwa na New Orleans - damuwa ta musamman a cikin birni, galibi waɗanda ke ƙasa da matakin teku.  Ta hanyar kungiyar Era, an kafa ƙungiyar mata ta magudanar ruwa da magudanar ruwa, inda Gordon ya zama shugabanta na wannan ƙungiyar zaɓe.  A cikin babban ma'auni ta ƙoƙarin Gordon, an ƙaddamar da ma'aunin haɗin gwiwa akan 'yan adawa masu ra'ayin mazan jiya. 

A cikin 1900, ta yi jawabi ga taron shekara-shekara na Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Mata ta Amirka (NAWSA), inda ta sadu da sabon shugaban kungiyar Carrie Chapman Catt . Catt ya gamsu da Gordon kuma lokacin da wani matsayi ya faru a matsayin sakatare na kungiyar na kasa a 1901, Gordon ya danna don cike gurbin.  Za ta ci gaba da yin hidima a wannan aikin har zuwa 1909. 

Bayan barin NAWSA a cikin 1909, Gordon ya koma ƙasarta ta New Orleans, inda ta tsunduma cikin kafa asibiti na farko a jihar Louisiana don kula da masu fama da tarin fuka .  Gordon ya yi aiki ba tare da gajiyawa ba yana tara kuɗi don Camp Hygiea, wanda ke kusa da Covington, Louisiana, da kuma Asibitin Anti-Tuberculosis na Louisiana a New Orleans.  Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin Sakatariyar kungiyar Yaki da tarin fuka ta Louisiana kuma a matsayin mataimakiyar Shugaban kungiyar Anti-Tuberculosis ta New Orleans. 

Ta halarci kuma ta gabatar da gabatarwa a taron shekara-shekara na Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin Haƙƙin Haƙƙin Ƙimar Kentucky a Louisville a 1911.  A cikin 1913, Gordon ya dawo cikakken lokaci don yin aiki kan batun zaɓen mata. A wannan lokacin Gordon ta canza tunaninta daga canjin haƙƙin jefa ƙuri'a na ƙasa sama-sama - an gabatar da gyare-gyaren kundin tsarin mulki ba tare da nasara ba a kowane zaman majalisa tun daga na 1868 - zuwa hangen nesa na jiha da yanki. A cikin Nuwamba 1913 ta kasance babban mai shirya taron mata na Kudancin Amurka, wanda za ta yi aiki a matsayin shugaban kasa har zuwa karshensa a 1917.  Ta kuma kasance editan sashin hukuma na kungiyar, New Southern Citizen.

Duk da cewa mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata na kada kuri'a, Gordon bai yi imanin cewa ya kamata a samar da wannan hakkin ta hanyar gyara tsarin mulkin kasar ba, maimakon haka ya goyi bayan kafa 'yancin kada kuri'a a jaha.  Lokacin da aka ƙaddamar da Kwaskwarimar Kwaskwarima ta Goma Sha Tara ga Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Amurka a cikin Yuni 1919, Gordon - abin mamaki - ya tsaya adawa da amincewa da shawarar.  Irin wannan hangen nesa na haƙƙoƙin jihohi  ya haifar da cece-kuce. A lokacin rayuwarta Gordon kuma ta sha suka daga yawancin takwarorinta na bayyana ra'ayoyin wariyar launin fata da ke boye. 

Gordon ya taimaka wajen kafa Asibitin Anti-Tuberculosis na New Orleans a 1926, yana aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban na karshen. Ta kuma kasance mai kula da gidan Milen don 'yan mata masu ra'ayi daga Fabrairu 1931 har zuwa lokacin mutuwarta. 

 Mutuwa da gado 
Gordon ya mutu a ranar 24 ga Agusta, 1932, a New Orleans daga zubar jini na kwakwalwa kuma an binne shi a makabartar Metairie a New Orleans.  Tana da shekaru 71 a duniya a lokacin rasuwarta.

 Manazarta 

 Kara karantawa 

 BH Gilley, "Kate Gordon da Louisiana Woman Suffrage," Tarihin Louisiana, vol. 24, ba. 3 (Summer 1983), shafi na 289-306. A cikin JSTOR
 Elna C. Green, "Sauran Labari: Kate Gordon da 'Yan adawa ga Kwaskwarima na Sha Tara a Kudu," Tarihin Louisiana, vol. 33, no.2 (Surar 1992), shafi na 171-189. A cikin JSTOR
 Kenneth R. Johnson, "Kate Gordon da Matan Suffrage Movement a Kudu," Journal of Southern History, vol. 38, ba. 3 (Agusta 1972), shafi na 365-392. A cikin JSTOR
 "Kate Gordon Matattu: Majagaba Suffragist," New York Times, Agusta 25, 1932, shafi. 19. -Bituary in New York Times.
Rukuni:Haihuwar 1861
Rukuni:Mutuwar 1932
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba