Karancin Ruwa A Kenya

Karancin ruwa a Kenya yana shafar al'ummar Kenya wadanda suka dogara ga albarkatun ruwa, ba wai kawai don sha ba, har ma da noma da kamun kifi.  Misali, ana amfani da ciyawa mai dausayi don ciyar da kiwo.  Rashin tsaftataccen ruwan sha ya shafi al'ummar Kenya a duk fadin kasar saboda yawan amfani da filaye da karuwar matsugunan al'umma.  Misali na musamman na wannan shi ne a cikin dajin Mau, a cikin tsaunukan Kenya, wanda ya kasance babban magudanar ruwa ga kasar.  A cikin Mau Complex, daidaikun mutane sun yi amfani da ƙasa don amfanin kansu, suna ƙirƙirar gidaje da gonaki a kashe nau'ikan halittu na halitta.[1]United Nations Environmental Programme. Mau Complex Under Siege. 2005. Print Lalacewar bishiyoyi a ko'ina cikin dajin ya haifar da zaizayar kasa mai tsanani, wanda ke gurbata ruwa.  Wannan al'amari yana wanzuwa a duk faɗin ƙasar kuma tare da ƙari na dabbobi da na ɗan adam a cikin gurɓataccen ruwa, ya sanya samun tsaftataccen ruwa gabaɗaya ya fi wahala ga 'yan ƙasar Kenya.  Yanayin ruwan da ake ciki ya haifar da batutuwa da dama da suka hada da cututtuka da dama da rikice-rikicen kabilanci kan sauran albarkatun ruwa.[2]Mwangi, Wilson. Baseline survey of the Molo River. Molo, Kenya: Network for Ecofarming in Africa. 2009. Print

Ƙari ga haka, yayin da ruwa mai tsabta ya yi wuya a samu, ana tilasta wa mata yin tafiya na mil da yawa kowace rana don nemo ruwan da ake bukata don iyali.  Wata babbar matsala ta tsaftataccen ruwan sha a Kenya ita ce kwararowar mutane zuwa manyan birane kamar Nairobi, wanda ke haifar da guraren marasa galihu da ke da mafi munin yanayin rayuwa da kuma gurbataccen ruwa a kasar.  Wannan huldar da ke tsakanin mutane da ruwa a halin yanzu tana wani muhimmin matsayi a Kenya yayin da al'ummar kasar ke fuskantar babban karancin damar 'yan kasar su sami ruwan da suke bukata.  Gagarumin ci gaba a fannin kula da filaye da manufofin muhalli na iya taimakawa wajen tabbatar da cewa kasar nan ta samu ruwan da take bukata a hanyarta ta zama kasa mai ci gaba.[2]Mwangi, Wilson. Baseline survey of the Molo River. Molo, Kenya: Network for Ecofarming in Africa. 2009. Print 

 Karuwar Yawan Jama'a 
Fahimtar yanayin muhalli na Kenya yana buƙatar duba ba kawai yanayin yanayi ba, amma abubuwan zamantakewa, tattalin arziki, da siyasa waɗanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin ƙasa mai ci gaba.  Tare da faɗaɗa yawan jama'a cikin sauri, kiyaye muhalli da kiyaye haɓakar yawan jama'a ƙalubale ne.  Yawan jama'a na ci gaba da karuwa yayin da tattalin arziki da albarkatun ke kokawa don ci gaba.  Al'ummar Kenya na fuskantar matsanancin talauci, har zuwa kashi 43 cikin 100 a shekarar 2000.[3]Page, Kara. “USAID/ "Kenya Strategic Plan: Environmental Threats and Opportunities Assessment". Natural Resource Management and Development Portal. (2000): 1–40.

A cikin al'ummar da suka dogara kacokan kan noma a matsayin hanyar rayuwa, yana da wahala a takaita aikin noma da kare muhalli ba tare da kwashe albarkatu da yawa daga cikin wannan al'ummar da ke karuwa ba suna bukatar rayuwa.  Yawan karuwar jama'a cikin sauri yana sanya matsin lamba kan albarkatun ruwa ta hanyar noma, filaye da amfani da makamashi da sauran abubuwan.  Matsayin yanki na albarkatun ruwa a Kenya shi ma muhimmin abu ne.  Ba a rarraba ruwa daidai a duk fadin kasar, yana barin manyan wuraren bushes.  Kimanin kashi 80% (kashi) na albarkatun ruwa na Kenya gaba daya ba su da kariya amma ba su lalace ba saboda karuwar yawan jama'a da ayyukan noma.[3]Page, Kara. “USAID/ "Kenya Strategic Plan: Environmental Threats and Opportunities Assessment". Natural Resource Management and Development Portal. (2000): 1–40.  

 Namun Daji 
An san tsarin ruwa na Kenya a duniya saboda mahimmancin su ga bambancin jinsuna da ƙauran tsuntsaye.  Batutuwan ruwa suna shafar namun daji kai tsaye, tunda samun ruwan sha shine larura don rayuwa.  Har ila yau, namun daji yana fuskantar a fakaice sakamakon amfani da ruwa da jama’a ke amfani da su wajen tallafa wa dabbobi da noma, wadanda ke gogayya da namun daji wajen samun karancin ruwa.  An san Kenya saboda bambancin nau'ikanta da wadata;  yana cikin manyan ƙasashe 50 na wadatar jinsuna.  Har ila yau, tana da ɗaya daga cikin kaso mafi girma na nau'in dabbobi masu shayarwa.[3]Page, Kara. “USAID/ "Kenya Strategic Plan: Environmental Threats and Opportunities Assessment". Natural Resource Management and Development Portal. (2000): 1–40.

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