James R. Stewart

James Robert Stewart G.S.A. Ph. (Oktoba 1, 1903 - Afrilu 30, 1964) memba ne na Ƙungiyar Inganta Negro ta Duniya, kuma ya gaji Marcus Garvey a matsayin Shugaban-Janar na ƙungiyar. Ya yi nasarar mayar da hedikwatarsa ​​zuwa Laberiya.

 Rayuwa 
An haifi Stewart a Moorhead, Mississippi, ɗan mai arzikin shuka; kawunsa Farfesa William Stewart ya koyar a Centreville, Mississippi. Ya fara makaranta a Morehead kuma ya koma Cleveland ta 1915, inda ya karanci fasaha da kasuwanci. Bayan ya kammala makaranta, ya yi aiki na ɗan lokaci a matsayin ma’aikacin wasiku a gidan waya, ya zama malami ɗan Sipaniya, kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mai fassara na Railroad na Pennsylvania. Ya zama zakaran dambe na mai son a Ohio, yana auna nauyin kilo 138.

Stewart ya shiga Ƙungiyar Inganta Negro ta Duniya (UNIA) yana matashi a shekara ta 1919. Ya zama Shugaban Ƙungiyar Cleveland a 1933 da Kwamishinan Jiha a 1937 bayan ya ɗauki Course na Falsafar Afirka ta Shugaba-Janar Garvey kuma ya kammala karatunsa tare da manyan karramawa. Bayan mutuwar Garvey a watan Yuni 1940, taron gaggawa na Agusta 1940 na kwamishinonin UNIA a birnin New York ya zaɓi Stewart Janar don kammala shekaru biyu na ƙarshe na wa'adin Garvey.

 Shugaban kasa-Janar 
A matsayinsa na Shugaba-Janar, Stewart ya canza shelkwatar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta UNIA daga New York zuwa Cleveland kuma nan da nan ya kaddamar da yawon shakatawa na kasa don karfafa rarrabuwar kawuna da kuma haifar da sababbi. Ya gudanar da jerin tarurruka da tarurruka, ya ƙaddamar da New Negro World Newspaper, kuma ya taƙaita ba da Darasi na Falsafa na Afirka.

A shekara ta 1943, ya sami gonaki sittin da biyar na gonaki a Oregonia, Ohio kuma a cikin shekaru 6 ya canza shi zuwa al'umma ta zamani. Ba tare da jin daɗin wannan ci gaban ba, kwamitin gyaran fuska ya gudanar da wani taro a Detroit, Michigan. A cikin 1949, Shugaba-Janar Stewart ya yi nasarar mayar da iyalinsa da sauran magoya bayansa zuwa Laberiya, a hukumance ya kafa hedkwatar kasa da kasa na UNIA-ACL a cikin ƙasan Afirka. Matakin ya haifar da baraka a kungiyar; An kafa wani bangare na abokan hamayya karkashin jagorancin Thomas W. Harvey don yin tir da Stewart. An nada Harvey a matsayin Shugaban-Janar na sabuwar ƙungiyar UNIA, wanda aka kafa hedkwatarsa ​​a Philadelphia a cikin 1951.Finding aids: Emory University Universal Negro Improvement Association records, 1916, 1921-1989

Stewart ya ci gaba da faɗaɗa shirin UNIA-ACL da ƙasa a Laberiya, yana kafa gonaki, gidan abinci, makaranta, da asibiti. Ya ci gaba da kulla alaka ta kud da kud da Shugaba William Tubman na Laberiya wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin UNIA-ACL Potentate and Supreme Commissioner a 1954.

Shugaba-Janar Stewart ya rasu a Laberiya a shekara ta 1964. Ya bar matarsa, Goldie Stewart, maza biyu, Victor da James Jr, da 'ya'ya mata uku, Anita, Donna da Roberta.

 Manazarta 

Category:Mutuwan 1964