Harshen Burduna

Burduna yare ne na Aboriginal wanda aka saba magana da shi a yankin tsakanin Kogin Ashburton da Gascyone a yankin Pilbara na Yammacin Ostiraliya . Yana cikin ƙungiyar harsunan Kanyara, wanda ya haɗa da Thalanyji_language" id="mwIg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Thalanyji language">Binigura / Pinikura (wanda aka fi sani da Thalanyji).

Harshen yanzu an rarraba shi a matsayin mai haɗari sosai, ba tare da masu magana da asali ba tun daga shekara ta 2004. Koyaya, akwai wasu mutane na al'adun Burduna waɗanda har yanzu suna iya magana da kuma gane wasu kalmomi da jimloli.

 Juyin Halitta 
An rarraba Burduna a matsayin harshe mai alama sau biyu. Kodayake an rarraba shi a matsayin harshen Kanyara, ya bambanta sosai da sauran harsuna a cikin rukunin yayin da ya sami canje-canje da yawa a cikin furcin.

A cikin shekaru, yaren ya rasa mafi yawan sautunan hanci da sautunansa. w k da ke ƙunshe da tsayawa na gefe tare da sautunan p da k sun haɗa zuwa sauti na w a maimakon haka. Misali, papa (mahaifi) ya zama , kuma puka (mummunan) ya zama . k, g">w lenition b faru ba lokacin da syllable na baya ya ƙunshi w. Maimakon haka, ƙayyadaddun p da k sun sauka, kuma an furta su a matsayin b da g bi da bi.

Wani bambanci mai mahimmanci ya haɗa da furcin kalmomin polysyllabic kamar  (mace) da  (shaidan). Wadannan kalmomi sun rasa sassan tsakiya kuma an taƙaita su zuwa tempur da puurra. Ana furta wasula tare da dogon sauti.Austin, Peter (1981). "Proto-Kanyara and proto-Mantharta historical phonology". Lingua. 54 (4): 295–333. doi:10.1016/0024-3841(81)90009-7.

Kalmomin Burduna kuma sun ƙunshi ƙididdigar ƙididdiga a cikin kalmomi kamar db a cikin (spider) ko rdg a cikin  (beard). Bugu da ƙari, kalmomin da suka ƙunshi ƙididdigar ƙididdiga sun sha wahala kuma ana furta su da sautuna masu laushi. Misali, ana k mb a mat p, nd a matsayin t, da kuma ngg a matsayin k.Austin, Peter (1981). "Proto-Kanyara and proto-Mantharta historical phonology". Lingua. 54 (4): 295–333. doi:10.1016/0024-3841(81)90009-7.

Bugu da ƙari, inda kuma wasu harsuna suna da dh ko j a tsakiyar kalmomi, Burduna ya samo asali ne don ƙunsar y. Misali, kalmar Thalanyji  (ɗan'uwan) tana da ƙarin Burduna da aka rubuta a matsayin  .Austin, Peter (1981). "Proto-Kanyara and proto-Mantharta historical phonology". Lingua. 54 (4): 295–333. doi:10.1016/0024-3841(81)90009-7..

 Al'adu da ci gaba 
Mutanen Burduna suna kusa da yankunan Nyang da Maroonah tsakanin kogin Ashburton da Gascyone a arewa maso yammacin Australia. Yankunan ƙasarsu na gargajiya sun haɗa da yankunan da ke kusa da kogin Yannarie da Lyndon. Wasu daga cikin yankunan da ke cikin yankin Towera da kewayen su kuma an gano su a matsayin ƙasar Burduna ta gargajiya.Austin, Peter (1988). "Classification of southern Pilbara languages". Papers in Australian Linguistics. 17: 1–17."W24: Burduna | aiatsis collection". collection.aiatsis.gov.au. Archived from the original on 31 October 2018. Retrieved 17 December 2021.

Mutanen Kanyara suna magana da harsuna daban-daban guda uku - Purduna ko Burduna, Thalanyji, da Bayungu ko Payungu. Harsunan uku suna da irin wannan tsarin jumla da ƙamus, tare da 60-70% na kalmomi suna da yawa a dukansu uku.Austin, Peter (1991). "Double case marking in Kanyara and Mantharta languages, Western Australia" (PDF). La Trobe Working Papers in Linguistics. 4: 19–36 – via La Trobe University.

Tsarin al'umma na mutanen Burduna ya kunshi sassa daban-daban guda huɗu. Kowane rukuni ya cigaba da raba zuwa 'totems', sannan kuma kowane totem ya ci gaba zuwa ''. An ba wa mutane a cikin  takamaiman lakabi na jinsi, kuma an yi amfani da waɗannan lakabi don magance su kamar yadda ake amfani da sunayen mutum a yau. An gaji allon allon a cikin hanyar patrilineal, watau, an sanya zuriyar da aka haifa wa iyaye daga nau'o'i biyu daban-daban ga allon mahaifin. Ba a ba da izinin aure a cikin wannan totem  ba.

Sau da yawa, waɗannan totems da  sun haɗu da mutane daga asalin harsuna daban-daban. Misali, totem 'Snake' ya haɗa da mutanen da ke magana da Burduna da kuma mutanen da ke Magana da Thalanyji.
+Totems a cikin tsarin al'umma na mutanen Burduna a cikin gundumar Ashburton TotemSunan namijiSunan maceƘabilarMu'ayiWariaraNgogodjiBurdunaTurkiyya da WutaWaliriWilariBurdunaMacijinWiarrjiMambulutaBurduna, Thalanyji
A sakamakon fararen mazauna tare da yankunan kogin Ashburton da Gascyone, an daina amfani da yaren, kuma an yi imanin cewa ya mutu a wani lokaci a farkon rabin karni na ashirin. Akwai 'yan mutane da ke zaune a Onslow da Carnarvon waɗanda har yanzu suna iya magana da kuma gane wasu kalmomi da jimloli, amma yawancin zuriyar Burduna sun yi aure tare da wasu ƙungiyoyin harsuna. Binciken Harshen Ƙasa na shekarar 2004 ya kiyasta cewa babu masu magana da harshen. Don haka an rarraba shi a matsayin matakin haɗari 0."Purduna". Sorosoro. Archived from the original on 5 January 2011. Retrieved 17 December 2021.

 Lexicon da harshe 
Akwai manyan kalmomi guda biyu da ƙananan kalmomi uku a cikin harshen Burduna. Babban kalma na farko ya ƙunshi kalmomi masu suna, wanda ya haɗa da sunaye da adjectives, sunaye, sunaye masu nunawa, da kuma manyan jagororin.Austin, Peter (1991). "Double case marking in Kanyara and Mantharta languages, Western Australia" (PDF). La Trobe Working Papers in Linguistics. 4: 19–36 – via La Trobe University.

Babban rukuni na biyu ya haɗa da aikatau. Ƙananan kalmomi guda uku sun haɗa da adverbs, barbashi, da interjections.Austin, Peter (1991). "Double case marking in Kanyara and Mantharta languages, Western Australia" (PDF). La Trobe Working Papers in Linguistics. 4: 19–36 – via La Trobe University.

 Bayani 

 Manazarta 

 Haɗin waje 

 Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language Center - ya ƙunshi bayani game da harshen Burduna da sauran harsunan Pilbara da yawa, da kuma misalai na amfani
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba