Ƙungiyar Mata ta Malta

Ƙungiyar Mata na Malta ko Matan Malta – Nisa ta' Malta, ƙungiya ce ta mata a Malta, wadda aka kafa a cikin Janairu 1944. Ya taka muhimmiyar rawa ga yunkurin mata a Malta, kuma ya yi nasarar yin aiki don gabatar da zaben mata. [1]

 Fage 
Malta ta kasance karkashin mulkin mallaka na Birtaniya, amma lokacin da aka gabatar da zaben mata a Birtaniya a 1918, ba a shigar da wannan a cikin Kundin Tsarin Mulki na 1921 kan Malta ba, lokacin da Malta ta ba majalisar kanta, ko da yake Jam'iyyar Labour ta goyi bayan gyara.  A cikin 1931, Mabel Strickland, mataimakin sakataren kundin tsarin mulki, ya gabatar da takardar koke da mata 428 suka rattabawa hannu ga Hukumar Sarauta kan Al'amuran Maltese suna neman zaɓen mata ba tare da nasara ba. Duk da haka, babu wani shiri da aka shirya don zaɓen mata a Malta.

 Foundation da yakin neman zabe 
A cikin 1944 an kafa Ƙungiyar Mata ta Malta ta Josephine Burns de Bono da Helen Buhagiar, tare da Burns de Bono a matsayin Shugaba da Buhagiar a matsayin Babban Sakatare. An kafa ta a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Reggie Miller na Labour Front amma membobinta sun ƙunshi galibin manyan mata masu daraja. Manufar ita ce yin aiki don shigar da zaɓen mata a cikin sabon kundin tsarin mulkin Malta, wanda za a gabatar da shi a shekara ta 1947 wanda a wancan lokacin aka shirya a majalisar dokoki.  Ƙungiyar Mata na Malta an yi mata rajista a hukumance a matsayin ƙungiyar ƙwadago, domin baiwa wakilanta damar yin magana a majalisa.  Duk da haka an yi tambaya game da kasancewar su, kodayake ba a yi nasara ba. 

Cocin Katolika, wanda babban Bishop Michael Gonzi ya bayyana, da kuma Jam'iyyar Nationalist Party sun yi adawa da zaben mata tare da hujjar cewa zaben zai zama nauyi maras muhimmanci ga matan da ke da iyali da iyali su shagaltar da su.  Jam'iyyar Labour da kuma kungiyar kwadago baki daya sun goyi bayan sake fasalin.  Hujja ita ce mata sun biya haraji don haka su ma su kada kuri'a don yanke shawarar abin da za a yi da su. An amince da zaben mata da kuri'u 145 zuwa 137.  Duk da haka, wannan bai haɗa da 'yancin mata na zaɓe zuwa ofishin siyasa ba, kuma Ƙungiyar Mata ta Malta ta ci gaba da yakin don haɗawa da wannan haƙƙin. Muhawarar ta ci gaba da zama tare da magoya baya da abokan adawa iri daya, da kuma hujja iri daya na adawa da shi, har sai an amince da wannan hakki shi ma. Bayan amincewar garambawul a majalisar, Josephine Burns de Bono ta yi murabus daga mukaminta na shugabar kungiyar mata ta Malta tare da bayyana cewa an cimma manufar kungiyar a yanzu. Sammut, Carmen (12 January 2018). "The road to Maltese women's suffrage and beyond". MaltaToday.com.mt. Retrieved 2024-10-06.

 Sakamako da sakamako 
An shigar da kuri'un mata da 'yancin zaɓe a matsayin siyasa a cikin Kundin Tsarin Mulki na MacMichael, wanda a ƙarshe aka gabatar da shi a ranar 5 ga Satumba 1947. Wani dan siyasa a lokacin ya yi tsokaci cewa an yi gyare-gyaren ne saboda shigar da mata suka yi a yakin duniya na biyu .  William E. Chetcuti na The Bulletin yayi sharhi cewa:

 "Da alama da rinjayen kuri'u 10 kacal, in babu mambobi kusan 160 kuma tare da taimakon kuri'un da aka kada, kananan kungiyoyin mata 'yan siyasa, tare da rabin rabin masu farautar kuri'u da dama, sun yi niyyar cimma abin da suka kira 'yantar da su." Sammut, Carmen (12 January 2018). "The road to Maltese women's suffrage and beyond". MaltaToday.com.mt. Retrieved 2024-10-06.

Kwamishinan tsarin mulki Sir Harold MacMichael ya lura:

 "Mafi mahimmanci [canji] shi ne haɗa ƙa'idar zaɓen mata bisa tushen daidaito tsakanin jinsi ta kowane fanni." Sammut, Carmen (12 January 2018). "The road to Maltese women's suffrage and beyond". MaltaToday.com.mt. Retrieved 2024-10-06.

A cikin wadannan zaɓe a lokacin rani na 1947, mata biyu halarci a matsayin 'yan takara na MP, Hélène Buhagiar for Democratic Action Party da Agatha Barbara na Labor Party, wanda karshen ya lashe kuma ya zama na farko mace MP a Malta, daga baya za a zo ma na farko mace majalisar ministocin da kuma mace ta farko shugaban kasar Malta.

 Magana 

Rukuni:Gungiyar mata ta malta
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