Jane Gomeldon

Jane Gomeldon (née Jane Middleton;  – 10 July 1779) was an English writer, poet and adventurer. Her writing has gained her posthumous recognition as an early feminist.

 Tarihin rayuwa 
An haifi Jane Middleton a yankin Newcastle, 'yar dangin Quaker na Masu yin gilashi. Ta sami ilimi sosai a fannin falsafar, kimiyya, da harsuna. A lokacin da take ƙarama, ta auri Kyaftin Francis Gomeldon, jami'in Sir John Bruce Hope's Regiment of Foot, kuma aboki na George Bowes, mai mallakar kwal.

Ba da daɗewa ba bayan aurenta, ta gudu zuwa Faransa kuma, a cewar Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, ta ci gaba da samun kasada da yawa, ta ɓoye a matsayin namiji. Waɗannan sun haɗa da biyan kotu ga wata matashiya mai zaman zuhudu wacce kusan ta rinjayi ta gudu tare da ita. A shekara ta 1740, mijinta ya sanya talla a cikin Jaridar Newcastle yana sanar da cewa ta bar shi kuma ta nemi ta dawo. Jane Gomeldon ta yi martani mai ban mamaki ta hanyar sanya nata talla a cikin abokin hamayyar Newcastle Courant, ta bayyana cewa ta bar shi saboda zaluncin da yake yi mata da kuma saboda yana shiga cikin wadatar da mahaifiyarta ta bar ta, ta tabbatar da ita kawai kuma ta bambanta. A shekara ta 1742, ta kawo karar rabuwa a kotu, a kan mijinta, bisa ga zalunci.Bailey, Joanne (2001), Voices in court: lawyers' or litigants'?. Historical Research 74 (186), 392–408. 

Mijinta ya mutu kuma an tabbatar da nufinsa a watan Fabrairun 1750/1. Koyaya, ba ta amfana da wasiƙar ba saboda ya bar duk dukiyarta ga ɗan'uwanta, Thomas Lake . 

Ta yi sha'awar asibitin Lying-in, wanda aka gina a Rosemary Lane, Newcastle, a cikin 1760 a matsayin 'mazaunin mata masu juna biyu'. A watan Maris na shekara ta 1766, ta rubuta wa William Cavendish-Bentinck, Duke na 3 na Portland, tana magana game da matsayin duke a matsayin shugaban wannan sadaka, tana ba da shawarwari game da asibiti da kuma yin sadaka mafi girma. Littafinta na farko, wanda aka buga a wannan shekarar, an sayar da shi ta hanyar biyan kuɗi don tara kuɗi don wannan sadaka.

A cewar Dictionary of National Biography, ta fada cikin soyayya da sunan Kyaftin James Cook kuma tana so ta bi shi a tafiyarsa ta farko a duniya. Da alama ta kasance dan uwan Sydney Parkinson wanda Joseph Banks ya yi aiki da shi kuma wanda ya yi tafiya a wannan tafiya, kodayake ainihin dangantakarsu ba ta da tabbas. An buga wasika daga Gomeldon (wanda aka yi wa Parkinson jawabi a matsayin "Dear Cousin") a cikin gabatarwar fitowar farko ta mujallar Parkinson. Wasikar, mai kwanan wata 29 ga Janairun 1773 tana da alaƙa da yunkurin "ƙuntata" littafin da Dokta Hawkesworth (wanda kuma ke buga asusun tafiyar) kuma wanda ya gabatar da lissafi a chancery game da Parkinson, yana mai da'awar cewa Parkinson ya mamaye dukiyarsa ta hanyar buga rubuce-rubuce da zane-zane, wanda ya sayar wa Joseph Banks. Wasikar Gomeldon ta ba da wasu shaidu game da wannan da'awar.

Jane Gomeldon ta mutu "a tsufa" a ranar 10 ga Yulin 1779. An bayar da rahoton mutuwarta a cikin Newcastle Courant . 

 Medley 
Littafinta na farko, The Medley, an buga shi ne don amfanin Lying-in Hospital - sadaka ga mata matalauta.[1] Yawancin fitattun mutane sun yi rajista a littafin kuma ya tara kimanin £ 53. An rubuta aikin a matsayin jerin rubutun satirical, wanda marubucin ya yi masa ba'a da hankali: suna da sunaye kamar Ubangiji da Lady Magnesia, Miss Clairvoyan da Lady Elizabeth Bizzare. Kazalika da nuna girman kai da munafunci na shekarun, littafin ya kuma magance batutuwan da ake la'akari da su a wasu lokuta, gami da ilimin mata, giciye da zina na mata.

An rubuta rubutun a cikin mutum na farko, daga ra'ayi na mai ba da labari na namiji. Gomeldon ya rubuta cewa:

 "Ni Ɗa ne ga Mutum, mafi arziki fiye da shirye-shiryen rabuwa da Kuɗinsa - kuma na wata mace wacce haihuwarta mai girma da nasarorin da ta samu, sun sa ta faɗi abin da Kuɗanta za ta iya...

Mai ba da labari ya ci gaba da bayyana mahaifinsa (na almara):

 "...babu ɗaya daga cikin Yaran da ya yi kama da kansa, kuma ana ci gaba da cewa, Ɗaya daga cikin Yaron yana kama da Ɗan Mutumin, wani Yaron yana kamar wani Ɗan: Kamar yadda yake ga kaina, an lasafta ni kamar dukan Regiment; kuma abin da ya kasance na musamman, wannan Regiment ɗin an kewaye shi a cikin maƙwabcinmu a shekarar da aka haife ni. "

Wani batu mai maimaitawa shine buƙatar maza su inganta kansu don zama abokai masu dacewa ga mata. Misali, a cikin rubutun farko, Gomeldon ya rubuta:

 "...Mata a halin yanzu suna darajar kansu fiye da sanin rayuwar gida kawai; - ba su ware kansu daga wani abu ba! kuma lokacin da mutum ya ga an kammala su, 'yana da ƙarin motsawa don rubuta wa maza, don sanya su dace su zama abokansu!"

 Ƙididdigar Ƙididdiga 
Wani babban aikinta shine Maxims, wanda aka buga a shekara ta 1779. Wannan ya kunshi 57 "ma'auni" ko karin magana na ɗabi'a na kansa; misali, ma'auni LVII:

 "Godiya ita ce 'ya'yan girmamawa,
 Kuma Ƙaunar Iyaye na Yabo."

Wasu suna da ɗan ƙaramin satirical ko tsattsauran ra'ayi, kamar su ka'idar LI:

 "Lokacin da Nobles suka lalace,
 Mutane gabaɗaya suna ƙaruwa cikin lalata, kuma
 Yawancin malamai sun lalace, a matsayin Adadin
 Fa'idodi sun samo asali ne daga masu cin hanci da rashawa."

 Sauran ayyukan 
Jane Gomeldon ta rubuta waka mai taken "Farin ciki", kuma ta yi magana da "Ƙaunatacciyar Ann". Isaac Thompson ne ya buga shi a cikin shekara ta 1773. 

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Haihuwan 1720
Rukuni:Mutuwar 1779
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba