Heloise Brainerd

Heloise Brainerd (30 Afrilu 1881 - 16 Fabrairu 1969) yar gwagwarmayar Amurka ce kuma mai goyon bayan shigar matan Latin Amurka cikin yunkurin zaman lafiya . Brainerd ya yi aiki a kungiyar Pan American Union daga 1909 zuwa 1935 sannan kuma kungiyar Mata ta kasa da kasa don Aminci da 'Yanci ta sashen Amurka. Ta sami lambobin yabo na kasa da kasa da dama, ciki har da Medal of Public Instruction daga Venezuela da kuma Order of Merit daga Ecuador.

 Tarihin Rayuwa 
An haifi Heloise Brainerd a ranar 30 ga Afrilu 1881 a Wallingford, Vermont .  Bayan ta sauke karatu daga Kwalejin Smith a 1904, ta koma birnin Mexico kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatariya a kamfanin lauyoyi kuma ta koyi Spanish. Sannan a shekarar 1909 ta fara aiki da kungiyar Pan American Union a matsayin sakatariyar mai zaman kanta ga mataimakin darakta. Ta yi aiki har zuwa shugabar sashin ilimi kuma a cikin 1929, lokacin da aka ƙirƙiri Sashen Haɗin gwiwar Hankali, ta zama darekta. Sabuwar sashin ita ce ke da alhakin haɓaka haɗin gwiwa da ilimi na duniya.  A ranar 22 ga Yuni 1935, Brainerd ya yi ritaya daga Ƙungiyar Pan American Union  kuma nan da nan Ƙungiyar Mata ta Duniya don Zaman Lafiya da 'Yanci (WILPF) ta ɗauke shi aiki a matsayin kujera na Sashen Amurka. Ta kasance memba na dogon lokaci a WILPF kuma za ta kasance wakiliyar Mutanen Espanya ta farko da Amurka ta taba samu. 

Hayar Brainard ta canza tattaunawa don WILPF a cikin Amurkawa. Maimakon ƙarfafa ikon Amurka, tsarin Brainard ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin girmamawa da ƙarfafa manufofin ƙasashen duniya. Ba ta yi ƙoƙari ta ɓoye gaskiyar cewa aikin da ta yi a baya a Ƙungiyar Amirka ta Pan-American na iya haifar da tayar da gira da tambayoyi na dalilan daular mulkin mallaka ba, amma ta yi magana game da batun tare da tabbatar wa matan da ke wasu rassan WILPF na gaskiya.  Ƙoƙarin da ta yi a Mexico a mafi yawan ɓangaren bai yi nasara ba, kamar dai an sami ci gaba na farko  a tsakiyar 1930s ya bayyana a fili cewa ga matan Mexico yakin neman 'yancin siyasa ba daidai ba ne da manufofin 'yan duniya. 'Yan kasashen duniya sun koma matsayi na tallafawa daidaikun mutane kuma matan Mexiko suna son a san hakkinsu a matsayin mata.  Brainerd ta sami ɗan nasara mafi kyawu a Amurka ta Tsakiya, lokacin da a cikin 1947 ta yi aiki a cikin kwamitin shirya kiran WILPF don Primer Congreso Interamericano de Mujeres da aka gudanar a Guatemala City, Guatemala. Batutuwan taron sun hada da manufofin zaman lafiya, da kuma batutuwan da suka shafi mata a cikin mayar da hankali kan kasashen duniya. A karshen taron, an amince da ita a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan mata a taron.  Bayan taron, Brainerd, Carmen Sánchez de Bustamante Calvo de Lozada, da Annalee Stewart sun yi aiki don ƙoƙarin shirya taron na gaba, amma sun ba da rahoton ƙarancin ci gaba da buƙatar sake tsarawa, da kuma rufe ƙungiyar da Guatemalan masu daukar nauyin taron. 

A cikin 1954, Brainerd ya zama Mataimakin Shugaban Kasa na Sashen WILPF na Amurka. Venezuela ta yi mata ado, inda ta karɓi lambar yabo ta koyarwar jama'a da kuma Ecuador, wacce ta karrama ta da odar girmamawa. "Heloise Brainerd Collected Papers, 1900-1971". Swartmore College Peace Collection. Archived from the original on 5 June 2018. Retrieved 21 June 2015. An ƙirƙiri guraben karo ilimi da yawa masu ɗauke da sunanta don haɓaka karatun Latin Amurka . Ƙungiyar Aminci ta Jane Addams na New York, ita ma ta ƙirƙiri tallafin karatu mai ɗauke da sunanta. 

Brainerd ya mutu a ranar 16 ga Fabrairu 1969 "Heloise Brainerd Collected Papers, 1900-1971". Swartmore College Peace Collection. Archived from the original on 5 June 2018. Retrieved 21 June 2015. a Freeport, Illinois. 

 Duba kuma 

 Jerin sunayen masu fafutukar zaman lafiya

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Mutuwan 1969
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba