Harriet Shaw Weaver

Harriet Shaw Weaver (1 Satumba 1876  - 14 Oktoba 1961) ɗan gwagwarmayar siyasa ne na Ingilishi kuma editan mujallu . Ta kasance babban majibincin marubucin Irish James Joyce .

 Rayuwa 
An haifi Harriet Shaw Weaver a Frodsham, Cheshire, na shida na yara takwas na Frederic Poynton Weaver, likita, da Maryamu (née Wright) Weaver, mai arziki. Wata mai mulki, Miss Marion Spooner, ta ba ta ilimi a asirce har zuwa 1894, da farko a Cheshire kuma daga baya a Hampstead . Iyayenta sun hana ta son shiga jami'a. Ta yanke shawarar zama ma'aikacin zamantakewa. Bayan ta halarci wani kwas a kan tushen tattalin arziki na zamantakewa a Makarantar Tattalin Arziki ta London ta shiga cikin yakin neman zaben mata kuma ta shiga kungiyar mata ta zamantakewa da siyasa .  

A cikin 1911 ta fara biyan kuɗi zuwa The Freewoman: A Weekly Feminist Review, wani m lokaci-lokaci gyara ta Dora Marsden da Mary Gawthorpe . A shekara mai zuwa masu mallakarta sun janye goyon bayansu daga gare ta, kuma Weaver ya shiga don ya cece shi daga lalacewar kuɗi. A cikin 1913, an sake masa suna The New Freewoman . Daga baya waccan shekarar, bisa shawarar editan wallafe-wallafen mujallar, Ezra Pound, an sake canza sunan zuwa The Egoist . A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, Weaver ya ba da ƙarin gudummawar kuɗi ga na ɗan lokaci, yana ƙara shiga cikin ƙungiyarsa kuma ya zama editan sa. Simkin, John (August 2014). "Harriet Shaw Weaver". Spartacus Educational. Retrieved 30 August 2018.</ref>

Ezra Pound ya shiga tare da nemo sabbin masu ba da gudummawa kuma ɗayan waɗannan shine James Joyce. Weaver ya gamsu da hazakarsa kuma ya fara ba shi goyon baya, da farko ta hanyar yin jerin gwanon Hoto na Artist a matsayin Saurayi a cikin Egoist a 1914. Lokacin da Joyce ta kasa samun wanda za ta buga shi a matsayin littafi, Weaver ta kafa Kamfanin Jarida na Egoist don wannan dalili a kan kudinta. Joyce's Ulysses aka sa'an nan serialized a cikin The Egoist, amma, saboda da rigima abun ciki, da aka ƙi da duk printers da Weaver ya zo kusa da shi, kuma ta shirya da za a buga a kasashen waje. Weaver ya ci gaba da ba da goyon baya mai yawa ga Joyce da danginsa (kusan fam miliyan ɗaya a cikin kuɗin 2019 [1] ), amma bin abubuwan da ta ce game da aikinsa wanda zai zama Finnegans Wake, dangantakarsu ta yi tsami sannan kuma ta kusan karye. Duk da haka, a mutuwar Joyce, Weaver ya biya kudin jana'izarsa kuma ya zama mai zartar da hukuncinsa. [2]

A 1931, Weaver ya shiga Jam'iyyar Labour ; duk da haka, kasancewar karatun Marx's Das Capital ya rinjaye ta, ta shiga Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci a 1938. Ta kasance mai aiki a cikin wannan ƙungiyar, tana shiga cikin zanga-zangar da sayar da kwafin Ma'aikacin Daily . Har ila yau, ta ci gaba da amincewarta ga ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar Joyce, tana aiki a matsayin mai zartar da wallafe-wallafen kuma yana taimakawa wajen tattara Haruffa na James Joyce . Ta mutu a gidanta kusa da Saffron Walden a cikin 1961, tana da shekaru 85, ta bar tarin abubuwan adabi zuwa ɗakin karatu na Biritaniya da Ƙungiyar Littattafai ta ƙasa.

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 Manazarta 

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 Jordan Anthony J.  James Joyce Unplugged Westport Books  2017  
 Fennell, Conor: A Little Circle of Kindred Minds: Joyce in Paris. Bloomville Press, Dublin.
Rukuni:Matattun 1961