Margaret Callan (marubuciya)

Margaret Callan ( – ) was an Irish teacher, nationalist, and writer. She was also known by her pseudonym Thornton MacMahon. name="Sturgeon"><cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFSturgeon2009">Sturgeon, Sinéad (2009). "Callan, Margaret (née Hughes) (Thornton MacMahon)". In McGuire, James; Quinn, James (eds.)  Dictionary of Irish Biography. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</cite></ref>

 Tarihin rayuwa 
An haifi Margaret Callan Margaret Hughes a kusa da 1817 a Newry, County Down . Ita 'yar mai sayen flax ce, Phillip Hughes da Susan Gavan . Ta hanyar mahaifiyarta, Charles Gavan Duffy dan uwanta ne na farko. Ta fito ne daga babban iyali, kuma bayan mutuwar mahaifinta yana nufin cewa dole ne iyalin su ciyar da kansu. Tare da 'yan uwanta mata, Callan ta kafa makarantar kwana ga' yan mata, Whitehall Boarding and Day School for Young Ladies, a Blackrock, Dublin a cikin 1835.  Makarantar ta ci nasara, ana tallata ta The Nation, kuma Callan ta goyi bayan ra'ayoyin kishin kasa, kamar na Young Irelanders, a cikin ɗalibanta. Ta auri masanin kimiyyar magunguna da apothecary, John B. Callan, wanda kasuwancinsa ke kan Merrion Row. Ya kuma kasance mai ba da gudummawa na lokaci-lokaci ga The Nation . 

Ta hanyar iyalinta, Callan ta haɗa da ƙungiyar Young Ireland. 'Yar'uwarta, Susan, ta auri dan uwan su Gavan Duffy a 1846. Tare da ɗan'uwanta, Terence MacMahon Hughes, ta rubuta wa The Nation . Labarai guda biyu ne kawai za a iya danganta su da tabbaci: Rana a Versailles (29 ga Yuli 1843) da Rana a Paris (9 ga Satumba 1843), suna ba da cikakken goyon baya ga Daniel O'Connell da soke aikin hadin gwiwa a Faransa.Sturgeon, Sinéad (2009). "Callan, Margaret (née Hughes) (Thornton MacMahon)". In McGuire, James; Quinn, James (eds.). Dictionary of Irish Biography. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ta shirya The casket of Irish pearls (1846) a karkashin sunan Thornton MacMahon, sunan ya kasance keɓewa ga ɗan'uwanta, Terence .  Wannan tarin rubutun Irish ne da aya daga jerin James Duffy's Library of Ireland. A cikin gabatarwa ga tarihin, ta keɓe shi ga "matasa na Ireland", tana kira ga su shirya da ilimantar da kansu don nuna goyon baya da shirye-shiryen su don cin gashin kansu. Gavan Duffy ya bayyana ta a matsayin "mace mai basira", kuma ta hanyarsa ne ta yi abota da Thomas Carlyle yayin ziyararsa zuwa Ireland a 1847.  A watan Yulin 1848 tare da Jane Wilde, Callan ya ɗauki ikon edita na The Nation a lokacin da aka tsare Gavan Duffy a Newgate.

Callans sun yi hijira zuwa Ostiraliya a shekara ta 1856. Daga baya 'yarsu Margaret za ta auri ɗan fari na Gavan Duffy daga aurensa na farko, John Gavan Duffy . Kodayake ba ta da sha'awar dawowa, Callan ta ci gaba da sha'awa sosai a Ireland. A cikin wasiƙa tare da William Carleton ta rubuta "'Ba zan dawo ba idan zan iya, kuma ina godiya ga Allah kowace rana, musamman lokacin da na karanta Nation (ko, hakika, kowane mujallar Irish), cewa yaran na suna da aminci fiye da haɗarin yunwa ko flunkeyism. " Ta mutu a kusa da 1883 a Melbourne.Sturgeon, Sinéad (2009). "Callan, Margaret (née Hughes) (Thornton MacMahon)". In McGuire, James; Quinn, James (eds.). Dictionary of Irish Biography. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

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