S. Dharmambal

Saminathan Dharmambal (1890-1959) yar gwagwarmayar zamantakewar Indiya ce kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata. Ana tunawa da ita don gudunmawar da ta bayar ga yaren Tamil da kuma shiga cikin tashin hankalin Anti-Hindi na shekarun 1937–40. A cikin shekarar 1951, an ba ta taken vira Tamil annai ("Jaruma Uwar Tamil").

 Rayuwar farko 
An haifi Dharmambal a cikin shekarar 1890 zuwa Saminathan Chettiyar da Pappammal a cikin Karuntattankudi (wanda aka fi sani da Karanthai) kusa da Thanjavur,  Madras Presidency. Ta auri jarumin wasan kwaikwayo Munisamy Naidu ta koma Chennai. 

 Ayyuka 
Dharmambal ita ce sakatariyar kungiyar mata ta Tamil, wacce ta taka rawar gani wajen kare hakkin mata da ilimin yara mata. Ta goyi bayan yunkurin Muthulakshmi Reddi na soke tsarin Devadasi ta hanyar doka.  Har ila yau, ta shiga cikin gwagwarmayar girmama kai.  Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin masu shirya taron 1938 na Ƙungiyar Mata masu Ci gaba, wanda ya ba da laƙabi na Periyar ("Mai Girmamawa" ko "Dattijo")  akan EV Ramasamy.   Kwana ɗaya bayan taron, a ranar 14 ga watan Nuwamba 1938, Dharmambal da sauran mata masu fafutuka suka ɗauki makaranta kuma aka kama su. 

Dharmambal ta kafa Manavar Mandram ("Student Forum") don kawo ilimi a Tamil ga matasan Chennai. Ta gudanar da Elavu varam (makon makoki) don samun daidaiton albashi ga malaman Tamil. Ta goyi bayan a ƙara auren zawarawa da auran ’yan uwa. 

Ta kasance mai aikin likitan Siddha.  Ta ba da gudummawar gidanta a Karuntattankudi ga Karanthai Tamil Sangam, al'ummar harshe.  Ta taimaka wa ɗan wasan kwaikwayo NS Krishnan ya gabatar da roƙonsa a cikin Majalisar Privy na Burtaniya a cikin shari'ar kisan kai na Lakshmikanthan.  A cikin wani taro a cikin shekarar 1951, an ba ta laƙabin vira Tamil annai (" Jaruma Uwar Tamil") saboda gudummawarta ga yaren Tamil, musamman don haɓaka ilimin Tamil ga matasa ta hanyar Dandalin ɗalibai. 

 Martaba 
Dharmambal ta mutu a ranar 20 ga watan Mayu 1959. An gina mata abin tunawa a Moolakothalam, Chennai.  Gwamnatin Tamil Nadu ta ɓullo da wani shiri a shekara ta 1975 don ba da taimakon kuɗi ga gwauraye don sake yin aure da girmama ta. 

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Mutuwan 1959