Teréz Karacs

Teréz Karacs (18 ga Afrilu 1808 - 2 ga Oktoba 1892) marubuciya ce ta Hungary, malama, mai ba da labari, kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata. Ta kasance jagora a cikin yunkurin mata na farko a Hungary, da kuma yunkurin sake fasalin zamantakewar al'umma, kuma sanannen marubucin wallafe-wallafen Hungary ta zamani. Ta kasance majagaba a ilimin mata, ita ce ta kafa Makarantar Zrínyi Ilona Grammar School a arewa maso gabashin Hungary.

 Rayuwa 
An haifi Karacs a Pest [1] a ranar 18 ga Afrilu 1808. Mahaifiyarta, Eva Takacs, mai ba da shawara ne ga haƙƙin mata kuma mahaifinta, Ferenc Karacs, mai zane ne kuma injiniya. Gidan iyalin Furotesta ya kasance wurin taro ga masu ilimi. Ita ce ta biyu cikin yara shida kuma an ba ta ilimin firamare a wata makaranta a Pest daga 1814 zuwa 1819, Daga nan sai ta ilimantar da kanta a matsayin mai koyar da kanta, kodayake dole ne ta kula da 'yan uwanta. Karacs ya yi wahayi zuwa gare shi musamman ta hanyar tafiya ta watanni goma a matsayin matashi zuwa Vienna a 1824.[2]

Marubutan mata na Hungary waɗanda suka nace kan matsayin ƙwararru ba su da yawa a ƙarni na sha tara, amma daga 1822 zuwa gaba, Karacs sun buga waƙoƙi, ƙididdiga, litattafai da sauran rubuce-rubuce, sun zama sanannun marubuta a Hungary, kuma suna ba da gudummawa akai-akai ga mujallu na wallafe-wallafen. A cikin 1838-1844, ta tallafa wa kanta a matsayin mai kula da gida a cikin gidan aristocratic, amma ta ci gaba da aikinta na wallafe-wallafen a lokaci guda. Karacs ta zama mai ba da shawara ga sake fasalin haƙƙin mata kamar mahaifiyarta. A matsayinta na mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata, ta mayar da hankali kan daidaitattun hakkokin ilimi ga yara maza da mata, kuma ta ba da shawarar cewa masu fafutuka ya kamata su zama masu tallafawa kansu.
Countess Blanka Teleki  ta fito ne daga dangin aristocratic wanda ke da dukiya a Szatmár County.  Ta tuntubi Karacs kuma ta gayyace ta zuwa Budapest. Teleki ya yi ƙoƙari ya rinjayi ta ta jagoranci makarantar 'yan mata masu girma, amma Karacs ba za su yarda da tsarin Teleki ba. Duk da rashin amincewarta, Karacs ta goyi bayan shirin Countess sosai kuma ta ba da shawarar wata mace, Klára Leövey, ta zama shugabar makarantar aristocratic.

Tsakanin 1846 da 1859, Karacs ta gudanar da nata makarantar 'yan mata a Miskolc. Makarantar tana da malamai mata huɗu kuma tsarin karatun shekaru uku ya haɗa da Hungarian, Jamusanci, lissafi, tsabtace gida da sutura. A wannan lokacin Karacs ta tallafa wa al'ummarta ta hanyar samar da ma'aikatan Diósgyőr da kwafin jaridu na juyin juya hali kafin juyin juya halin a 1848. Ta kuma wallafa tarin gajerun labarun soyayya a 1853.  A cikin 1865-1877, ta yi aiki a matsayin malami mai zaman kansa a Budapest. Sunanta ya haifar da gayyatarta ta zama mai koyarwa ga jikan Sarki Louis Philippe. Koyaya an gayyaci Karacs don gudanar da makarantar ta cocin Calvinist a Miskolc kuma ta zama shugabar makarantar Zrínyi Ilona Grammar School don 'yan mata har zuwa 1859.

A shekara ta 1877 ta koma Kiskunhalas don rage farashin ta kuma ta zauna tare da dangi. A cikin shekarun 1880 an buga tarihinta a cikin mujallu inda aka yaba musu sosai. Ta mutu a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 1892 a Bekés a Hungary . 

 Kyauta 
Makarantar ilimin lissafi da ta kafa har yanzu tana aiki. A shekara ta 1993 an buga tarihin rayuwarta. A shekara ta 1985 wata makaranta a Hungary ta ɗauki sunan Karacs Teréz Középiskolai Leánykollégium bayan Karacs.

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Haihuwar 1808
Rukuni:Mutuwan 1892