Eugenia Rasponi

Eugenia Rasponi (18 ga Satumba 1873-1958) wata mace ce mai daraja ta Italiya wacce ta zama mai tsattsauran ra'ayi da kuma dan kasuwa. Ta sadaukar da kanta ga ayyukan jin dadin jama'a, kamar yadda mahaifiyarta ta kasance, ta buɗe kasuwancin masana'antar kayan ɗaki don adana zane-zanen da aka yi da hannu a Romagna. A shekara ta 1918, ta sadu da marubuciya mai ba da izini, Lina Poletti . Matan biyu za su raba rayuwarsu na shekaru 40 masu zuwa, suna tafiya a duk faɗin Turai da Asiya kuma suna karatun falsafar da tauhidin.

 Rayuwa ta farko 
An haifi Eugenia Rasponi Murat a ranar 18 ga Satumba 1873 a Ravenna, a yankin Romagna na Masarautar Italiya ga Gimbiya Costanza (Constanța) Ghica da .[it] Ita ce ƙarama a cikin yara huɗu da suka tsira. Kakanninta na uba sune Count  da Princess Luisa Giulia Murat kuma kakanninta na mahaifinta sune Joachim Murat, Napoleon)" id="mwKA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kingdom of Naples (Napoleonic)">Sarkin Naples da Caroline Bonaparte, 'yar'uwar Napoleon.[it] Kakanninta na uwa sune Maria Văcărescu da Costache Ghica na Wallachia, kuma kakanta shine mawaki . A cikin wata daya da aka haife ta, iyayenta sun ƙaura daga Ravenna zuwa Palermo, inda mahaifinta ya ɗauki matsayin prefect. Ya mutu lokacin da take 'yar shekara hudu.

Bayan rasuwar mijinta, mahaifiyar Rasponi ta koma Ravenna kuma ta shiga cikin shirye-shiryen jin dadin jama'a. Ta kasance shugabar Società Operaia Femminile (Kungiyar Ma'aikata ta Mata), wacce ta taimaka wajen ganowa a 1880. A shekara ta 1894, ta jagoranci yunkurin kirkirar kwamitin Red Cross a Ravenna kuma ta zama shugaban farko na kungiyar. Ta mutu a shekara mai zuwa, bayan da ta burge 'yarta muhimmancin aikin jin kai.

 Ayyuka 
A cikin 1903, Rasponi ta sayi sansanin soja, wanda aka sani da Castello Malatestiano, na Santarcangelo di Romagna, inda ta gudanar da masana'antar kayan aiki. Tana sha'awar sana'ar gida wacce ta samar da zane-zane da aka buga da hannu, ta sayi su a matsayin kayan ado ga gidan sarauta da kuma amfani da su a matsayin abin da aka nuna a kan kayan aikinta. Rasponi ta zama fitacciyar 'yar majalisa a Ravenna,  kuma ta halarci taron 1908 a Roma na Consiglio Nazionale delle Donne Italiane (National Council of Italian Women, CNDI) karkashin jagorancin dan uwanta, Gabriella Rasponi Spalletti .   A kusa da 1918, Rasponi ya sadu da Cordula Poletti da aka sani da "Lina". Poletti ya kasance mai tsattsauran ra'ayi kuma a bayyane. Raba garinsu, ra'ayoyinsu na siyasa, da kuma godiya ga zane-zane, matan biyu sun zama ma'aurata. Sun zauna a Palazzo Rasponi Murat a Ravenna kuma a cikin 1921 sun dauki bakuncin taron CNDI a fadar. Al'umma ba ta yarda da bude dangantakar Rasponi da Poletti ba kuma bayan taron, matan sun yanke shawarar rufe masana'antar kuma su koma tare zuwa Roma.

A shekara ta 1922, Poletti ta ba da babban ɓangare na kayan gado na iyali daga zamanin Napoleon ga dan uwanta Count Gian Battista Spelletti . Bayan rufewar shekaru 30, ta sake buɗe ɗakunan da ke cikin Palazzo a Ravenna wanda ke da sauran kayan tarihi na gidan kayan gargajiya, wanda ya haɗa da hotuna na Sarki Murat da Caroline Bonaparte na François Gérard da zane-zane masu yawa. Ta ci gaba da gwagwarmayarta wajen neman daidaito na mutane, tana zaune tare da ƙungiyar abokai masu irin wannan tunani a gidajensu daban-daban. Lokacin da suke Roma, Rasponi da Poletti sun zauna a Via Giovanni Battista Morgagni kuma sun shiga cikin ɗakunan ilimi da yawa. Sun halarci tarurruka na tauhidi da falsafa, wanda ya kawo su ga hukumomi. A sakamakon haka, 'yan sanda sun mamaye gidansu akai-akai. A wani abin da ya faru daga 1937, sun shirya tarurruka ga Jiddu Krishnamurti, masanin falsafa mai adawa da Fascist. Ya ba da jerin gabatarwa a watan Fabrairu da Maris a gidan Rasponi kan batutuwan ruhaniya kuma 'yan sanda sun katse taron, suna zargin Krishnamurti da shirya shirye-shiryen siyasa. Magoya bayan Krishnamurti sun rubuta wasiƙu ga gwamnati suna nuna cewa Potetti da Rasponi sun goyi bayan gwamnati kuma Krishnamurti ba ya son siyasa. A ƙarshe an sauke tuhumar. Ma'auratan sun yi tafiya a ko'ina cikin Turai da Asiya,  suna yin dogon tafiye-tafiye na karatu don tattara amsoshin ilimin ɗan adam da na asiri ga Matsalolin rayuwa.

 Mutuwa da gado 
Rasponi ya mutu a shekara ta 1958, bayan ya yi aiki tare da Poletti na tsawon shekaru 40.   An yaba mata da yawa tare da ceton zane-zane da aka fentin hannu a Romagna daga halaka. Ba tare da yara ba, Rasponi ta bar dukiyarta ga dan uwanta, Count Gian "Giovanni" Battista Spalletti Trivelli, ɗan Gabriella. Hakanan Rocca Malatestiana Santarcangelo ta gaji Princess Marina Colonna di Paliano, wacce ta dawo da ita kuma ta sake buɗe ta ga jama'a a cikin 2019. An adana gidanta a Palazzo Rasponi Murat bayan mutuwarta a matsayin gidan kayan gargajiya kuma jama'a za su iya kallon ta a kan alƙawari har zuwa 2012.

 Bayani 
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 Manazarta 

 Bayani 

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Rukuni:Mutuwar 1873
Rukuni:Haihuwan 1958