Kungiyar Mata ta Iraqi

Ƙungiyar Mata ta Iraqi ƙungiya ce ta mata ta Iraqi, wadda aka kafa a 1952. Manufar ita ce yakin neman yancin mata da daidaiton jinsi. Ta gudanar da babban gangamin neman zaɓen mata a shekarun 1950. An kafa ta a matsayin Ƙungiyar Kare 'Yancin Matan Iraqi a 1952, kuma ta canza suna zuwa Ƙungiyar Mata ta Iraki a 1958. [1] [2]

 Tarihi 

 Gidauniya 
An kafa ƙungiyar mata da yawa a cikin 1940s da 1950 waɗanda ke fafutukar neman yancin mata ciki har da zaɓe, musamman Ƙungiyar 'Yancin Mata ta Iraqi (1952). 

Kungiyar mata ta Iraki ta tattara mambobi 42,000, sun yi yakin neman daidaito tsakanin jinsi, shirya shirye-shiryen ilimi, samar da ayyukan zamantakewa, kafa cibiyoyin karatun 78. 

 Yaƙin neman zaɓe 
Naziha al-Dulaimi ta kungiyar mata ta Iraqi ta shirya gangamin zaben mata a shekarun 1950. 

A shekara ta 1951 an yi watsi da kudirin shigar da mata cikin dokar zabe a majalisar wakilai. [1] A yayin tattaunawar sauya dokar zabe ta hada da zaben mata a watan Maris-Afrilun 1951, dan majalisar Abd al-Abbas na Diwaniyya ya yi adawa da zaben saboda wannan zai saba wa bambancin jinsi na Musulunci, yayin da zababbun mata ‘yan majalisar wakilai za su zauna a tsakanin maza da mata a zauren majalisar wakilai: “Shin wannan ba haramun ba ne? Shin ba mu duka ba ne? [2] Dokar zabe a watan Disamba 1952 ta ba da zaɓe kai tsaye amma ba a haɗa da mata ba. [3] Wani malamin Sunna ya wallafa wata kasida a cikin jaridar al-Sijill a watan Oktoban 1952 mai suna "Laifanka na daidaito tsakanin maza da mata": a matsayinsa na limami kuma khatib na masallatan Bahgdad kuma malamin jami'ar al-Azhar, ya bayyana cewa zaben mata makirci ne ga Musulunci kuma ya saba wa ayoyin Kur'ani da suka yi daidai da ayoyin Kur'ani. [4]

Kungiyar matan Iraki ta kai karar manyan jami'an gwamnati ciki har da firaministan kasar tare da rubuta labarai a cikin jaridu.  An kaddamar da mako na 'yancin mata a watan Oktoban 1953 ta Ƙungiyar Mata ta Iraqi, wadda ta shirya taron tattaunawa tare da bayyana bukatarsu a shirye-shiryen rediyo da labaran jaridu don yakin neman zaben mata.  A matsayin mayar da martani, malaman addinin Islama sun kaddamar da makon na alfarma tare da yin kira da a gudanar da zanga-zangar adawa da zaben mata tare da yin kira ga mata da su zauna a gida tun da zaben mata ya sabawa Musulunci.  A cikin makon kyawawan dabi'u, 'yar Sunna Nihal al-Zahawi, 'yar Amjad al-Zahawi, shugabar kungiyar 'yan uwa Musulmi (Jamiyyat al-Aukth al-Muslima), ta yi magana a gidan rediyo game da zaben mata: ta bayyana 'yan ta'adda a matsayin mata wadanda suka yi tawaye ga Musulunci da ya ba su hakki, kuma hakan ya jawo mata cin zarafi da cin zarafi da cin zarafin mata. hadawa, wanda ya kasance 'yanci mara iyaka wanda ya karya ka'idojin sabawa Musulunci. 

An sami ci gaba a cikin 1958. A lokacin kungiyar Larabawa ta Iraki-Jordan, an kafa kundin tsarin mulkin Iraki, a cikin Maris 1958, da za a yi wa kwaskwarima ya hada da zaben mata a wannan shekarar, amma lamarin ya ci tura lokacin da aka kawar da sarauta a watan Yuli na wannan shekarar.  Wani dan majalisar da ba a bayyana sunansa ba ga jaridar al-Hawadith cewa ba zai taba yin takara da mace ‘yar takara ba, tun da idan ya fadi ya sha kaye a hannun mace, wanda hakan ya zama rashin mutunci, idan kuma ya yi nasara sai ya ci mace; ya yi ikirarin cewa 'yan majalisar maza da yawa suna jin haka, kuma masu jefa kuri'a kuma za su ji rashin mutunci ta hanyar wakilci da kuma mulkin mace.  Dan majalisar Tawfq al-Mukhtar ya yi tsokaci ga manema labarai cewa: “Abokai, ‘yancin mata yana damun ni matuka, kuma duk wanda ya yi suka ko sukar su yana jin dadi sosai”; ya kara da cewa zai janye idan aka tsayar masa da ‘yar takara mace, kuma yana daya daga cikin ‘yan majalisa hudu da suka kada kuri’ar kin amincewa da gyaran da aka yi a watan Maris 1958. 

 tsarin mulki 
A shekara ta 1958 aka maye gurbin daular Iraqi da gwamnatin Baath.

Gwamnatin Baath na farko ta ga 'yantar da mata ta fuskoki da dama, tare da matan zamani masu sassaucin ra'ayi na birni suna jin daɗin ƙwararru da daidaito na ilimi kuma sun bayyana a fili.  Jam'iyyar Baathist ta goyi bayan 'yancin mata bisa ka'ida, ko da yake da farko ta mayar da hankali ne wajen fadada yancin ilimin mata da na sana'a maimakon 'yancinsu na siyasa.  Ƙungiyar Mata ta Iraqi ta tsara Dokar Matsayin Mutum ta 1959, wadda Gwamnati ta karɓa kuma ta gabatar da ita. 

hawan Saddam Hussein a 1979 ya haifar da murkushe mambobin kungiyar, wanda aka tilastawa karkashin kasa. Marubuciya Iqbal al-Qazwini, a Gabashin Berlin a matsayin wakiliyar ƙungiyar zuwa Ƙungiyar Dimokuradiyya ta Mata ta Duniya a 1978, ta ci gaba da gudun hijira a can. 

 Bayan Saddam 
Bayan cire Saddam, membobin lig sun sake tashi: a watan Agustan 2003 ya kai mata ɗari biyar, ko da yake da yawa daga cikin ƙananan membobin ba su da ƙwarewar ƙungiya. 

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Ƙungiyoyin da aka kafa a shekarar 1952.
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba