Rebecca Bigler

Rebecca Bigler masaniyar ilimin halayyar dan adam ne wanda aka sani da bincike kan zamantakewar zamantakewa (bisa ga jinsi ko launin fata), nuna bambanci, da kuma ra'ayoyin yara game da nuna bambanci. Bigler Farfesa ne na ilimin halayyar dan adam a Jami'ar Texas a Austin .

Bigler tana ba da shawara don amfani da harshe mai tsaka-tsaki na jinsi kuma yana amincewa da amfani da ze a matsayin wakilin mutum don maye gurbin shi / ita da hayar don maye gur gurbinsa / ita. Bigler sanannen malami ne na ilimin halayyar dan adam kuma mai karɓar kyaututtuka masu yawa na koyarwa daga Jami'ar Texas a Austin, gami da kyautar Raymond Dickson Centennial Endowed Teaching Fellowship a shekara ta 2011.  Bigler sananne ne a matsayin mai ba da shawara game da ilimin jima'i guda. Suna jayayya cewa rarrabewa bisa ga jima'i ko wani halayyar zamantakewa na iya ƙara nuna bambanci bisa ga wannan halayyar.  

 Tarihin rayuwa 
Bigler ta sami digiri na BA a Kwalejin Oberlin a shekarar 1986. Sun halarci makarantar digiri a Jami'ar Jihar Pennsylvania inda suka fara gudanar da bincike kan Tsarin jinsi da kuma jima'i a karkashin kulawar Lynn Liben .  Bigler ya sami digiri na biyu a shekarar 1988  da kuma Ph.D. a fannin ilimin halayyar ci gaba a shekarar 1991.  Tare da Liben, Bigler ya gudanar da bincike da aka ambata a ko'ina game da bambancin jinsi a ci gaba, zamantakewar zamantakewa da nuna bambanci.   Liben da Bigler sun kuma hada kai da 2014 volume The Role of Gender in Educational Contexts and Outcomes . 

Bigler ta shiga bangaren koyarwa na Sashen Psychology a Jami'ar Texas a Austin a 1991. A halin yanzu, Bigler shine babban darakta na Majalisar Amurka don Makarantar Coeducational . 

 Bincike 
Shirin bincike na Bigler tana mai da hankali kan ci gaban halayen da ke da alaƙa da jinsi da kabilanci / kabilanci. An san su da aikin da ke nuna tasirin jinsi a kan ci gaban yara, musamman ga 'yan mata. Bigler yana da niyyar gano yadda da kuma lokacin da yara ke haɓaka ra'ayoyin da aka tsara, da kuma abin da abubuwan lura na waje da na ciki ke tasiri ga yara da tunaninsu. Bigler da tsohuwar ɗalibarsu Sarah McKenney sun nuna damuwa game da ƙayyadadden zaɓin 'yan mata a cikin kayan ado na Halloween, da kuma halin da ake ciki ga tufafin' yan mata da kayan wasa don inganta darajar "kasancewa mai zafi da sexy".  Binciken su ya nuna cewa' yan mata matasa da suka yi imani game da muhimmancin kasancewa masu kyau ga yara maza suna nuna karuwar sa ido da jin kunya a makaranta kuma a kan daidaitattun gwajin fiye da' yan mata waɗanda ke samun ƙarancin irin waɗannan imani. Tun daga ƙuruciya, 'yan mata na iya fahimtar ra'ayi na jinsi game da yadda' yan mata ya kamata suyi aiki da kuma nuna hali, gami da yadda ya kamata su yi kama da kuma nau'ikan tufafin da ya kamata su sa. 'Yan mata da suka yarda da imanin cewa dole ne su kasance masu kyau ga maza na iya ciyar da karin lokaci akan kayan shafawa kuma ba su mai da hankali kan ilimi ba.

Sauran bincike sun bincika yadda ake samar da halayen tsakanin kungiyoyi tsakanin dalibai a cikin saitunan makaranta. Bigler yayi magana da karfi game da yadda samfuran da aka ba yara ke ba da gudummawa ga ra'ayi na zamantakewa da nuna bambanci tsakanin yara yayin da suke girma. Ga Bigler, cewa "Good morning boys and girls" yayi kama da cewa "Good Morning Blacks and White" kamar yadda yake jawo hankali ga rukunin zamantakewa wanda ke haifar da yara suna kallon kansu da wasu daban. A cikin binciken da aka ambata a ko'ina,  Bigler ya bincika ra'ayi na jinsi dangane da ayyukan aji. A wasu azuzuwan, malami yana magana ne game da ɗalibai ta hanyar jinsi ("yara maza" da "mata") yayin da, a wasu azuzuuka, malami ya yi magana ne game le ƙungiyoyin jinsi masu gauraye bisa ga launuka na t-shirt ("ja" ko shuɗi"). An umurci malamai a bayyane kada su nuna fifiko ga ɗayan ƙungiyoyi na yara a kan ɗayan. Bayan makonni huɗu, yara a cikin azuzuwan da ake kira su "yara da 'yan mata" sun nuna karuwar siffar jinsi, yayin da ba a lura da ba a cikin azufuffuka da suka yi amfani da launuka da ke amfani da launukan t-shirt don rarrabe ƙungiyoyi ba. Malamai na iya sanya ra'ayi na jinsi a kan ɗaliban su ba tare da saninsu ba lokacin da suke magana game da yara maza da mata. Irin wannan harshe ya bayyana yana haifar da tashin hankali a cikin aji wanda ke tasiri ga yadda yara ke kallon juna da kuma bi da juna.

 Littattafan da aka zaɓa 

 [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] Matsayin ƙwarewar rarrabuwa a cikin daidaita tasirin muhalli akan nau'ikan jinsi na yara: Nazarin amfani da jinsi a cikin aji. Ci gaban Yara, 66 (4), 1072-1087.
 [Hasiya] An samo asali ne daga Ibrananci da aka yi amfani da ita. Rarrabawar zamantakewa da kuma samar da halayen tsakanin kungiyoyi a cikin yara. Ci gaban Yara, 68 (3), 530-543.
 [Hotuna a shafi na 9] Ka'idar ci gaba tsakanin rukuni: Bayyanawa da rage ra'ayi da nuna bambanci na yara. Jagoranci na yanzu a cikin Kimiyya ta Halitta, 16 (3), 162-166.
 [Hasiya] An samo asali ne daga Ibrananci zuwa Ibrananci. Makomar jima'i da jinsi a cikin ilimin halayyar dan adam: Kalubale biyar ga binary na jinsi. Masanin halayyar dan adam na Amurka. https://dx.doi.org/10.1037/amp0000307
 [Hotuna a shafi na 9] Hanyar ci gaba ta bambancin jinsi: Bayyanawa, aunawa, da kimantawa gine-gine da hanyoyi. Littattafan al'umma don bincike a ci gaban yara, i-183.
 [Hotuna a shafi na 9] Bambance-bambance na ci gaba a cikin tsarin jinsi na yara game da wasu: Binciken meta-analytic. Binciken Ci Gaban, 13 (2), 147-183.

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane