Oku Mumeo

Mumeo Oku (奥 むめお, Oku Mumeo, an haife ta a ranar 24 ga Oktoba, 1895 – ta rasu a ranar 7 ga Yuli, 1997) fitacciyar 'yar gwagwarmaya ce a fagen fafutukar mata da siyasa a Japan. Ta yi wa’adi uku a majalisar dokokin Japan bayan ta jagoranci fafutukar samun ‘yancin kada kuri’a ga mata a ƙasar. Ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a farkon gwagwarmayar kare haƙƙin mata a Japan kuma ta kasance jagora a motsin kare haƙƙin masu sayayya.

A cikin shekarun 1920, ta zama sananniyar ‘yar fafutuka, inda ta kafa Kungiyar Sabbin Mata (New Women's Association) tare da Hiratsuka Raichō da Ichikawa Fusae. Daga bisani, ta zama memba a majalisar dattawa (House of Councilors) daga 1947 har zuwa 1965 lokacin da ta yi ritaya.

 Tarihin Rayuwa 

 Rayuwa da gwagwarmaya 
An haifi Oku Mumeo a matsayin babbar 'yar maƙera na ƙarni na uku a ranar 24 ga Oktoba, 1895, a wajen Fukui .  Mahaifinta ba ya son zama maƙeri kuma ya bukace ta da ta ci gaba da haɓaka karatunta.  Mahaifiyarta ta mutu sakamakon cutar tarin fuka a ranar 3 ga Nuwamba, 1910, lokacin da ta yi ƙanƙanta da yawa don tunawa da yawancin mahaifiyarta.  Ta yanke shawarar ci gaba da karatunta a Jami'ar Mata ta Japan a 1912.  Mahaifinta ya rasu a tsakiyar watan Fabrairu a shekara ta 1918 yana da shekaru arba'in da biyu. 

A ƙarshen 1919, ta sami ziyara daga Hiratsuka Raichō wanda ya tambayi idan za ta yi sha'awar kafa sabuwar kungiya, Ƙungiyar Sabunta Mata, tare da niyyar yin kira ga 42nd Diet akan sake fasalin zuwa Mataki na 5 na Dokokin Tsaro na 'Yan Sanda da kuma takardar koke don hana maza da suka kamu da cutar ta hanyar jima'i daga sake yin aure  . Amurka, ta yi murabus daga matsayinta na shugabar kungiyar, kuma Raichō ta koma gindin Dutsen Akagi da ke gundumar Gumma, inda ta bar Oku a matsayin shugabar kungiyar Sabbin Mata.  A ƙarshe, a ranar 25 ga Maris, 1922, Oku Mumeo da Sabuwar Ƙungiyar Mata za su yi nasara wajen sake duba Mataki na 5 a ranar ƙarshe ta Abincin Abinci na 45. 

Oku Mumeo zai ci gaba da narkar da Sabuwar Mataimakin Mata a ranar 8 ga Disamba, 1922, kuma ta kafa Ƙungiyar Mata a ranar sha bakwai ga wannan watan.  Tare da karuwar shahararta a cikin da'irar mata masu fafutuka, an nemi ta ƙaura zuwa Nakano don ta taimaka da Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Masu Amfani da Nakano a 1926.  Aiki a cikin ƙungiyoyin mabukaci ta sami fannin aikin fafutuka wanda zai motsa ta, amma za ta ci gaba da jagoranci, ko kuma aƙalla a haɗa ta da ƙungiyoyi da ƙungiyoyi daban-daban na mata masu fafutuka, kamar: Ƙungiyar Ma'aikata, Ƙaddamar da Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Mata, da adawa da rushewar ƙungiyoyin karuwanci, da kuma fara matsugunan mata tare da ƙungiyoyin mata. 

 Aure da yara 
Oku Mumeo ya auri wani mutum mai suna Oku Eiichi, mawaƙi wanda bai taɓa samun nasara sosai ba kuma an ɗauke shi aiki a sashen fassara na Baihunsha na Sakai Toshihiko.  Ta rasu ta bar danta, Kyoichi Oku, da diyarta Kii Nakamura, wadanda kamar mahaifiyarta da ta gabace ta, ta kasance shugabar kungiyar matan gida. 

 Mutuwa kuma daga baya 
Oku Mumeo ya rasu ne a ranar 7 ga Yuli, 1997, yana da shekaru dari da daya. Saboda yawan gudummawar da ta bayar wajen fafutuka a Japan ta zamani, matan Jafanawa suna iya tsayawa takara da rike mukaman gwamnati kuma kungiyar matan gidanta ta sami damar inganta rayuwar gaba daya a Japan. 

 Manazarta 

 Littafi Mai Tsarki 

Rukuni:Mutuwan 1997
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba