Rastko Močnik

Rastko Močnik (an haife shi a ranar 27 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1944) Masanin ilimin zamantakewa ne na Slovenia, masanin ilimin halayyar dan adam, masanin kimiyyar adabi, Mai fassara kuma Mai fafutukar siyasa. Tare da Slavoj Žižek da Mladen Dolar, an dauke shi daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa makarantar Ljubljana ta psychoanalysis.

 Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi 
An haife shi a matsayin Josip Rastko Močnik a cikin dangin matsakaicin matsayi a Ljubljana . Ya yi karatun ilimin zamantakewa da tarihin adabi a Jami'ar Ljubljana, ya kammala a 1968 a karkashin kulawar Dušan Pirjevec . A lokacin da yake dalibi, ya kasance mai aiki a cikin ƙungiyoyin adabi da yawa. A shekara ta 1964, ya zama co-editor na karshe (tare da mawaki Tomaž Šalamun) na madadin mujallar Perspektive, kafin gwamnatin Yugoslav ta rufe shi. Tsakanin 1968 da 1970 ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan jarida a mujallar Delo . Daga baya ya yi karatu a École des hautes études en sciences sociales a Paris, inda ya sami digirin digirin digirgir a fannin falsafar a karkashin kulawar Algirdas Julien Greimas .

 Rayuwar aiki da siyasa 
Bayan ya koma Ljubljana, ya zama editan madadin mujallar Problemi . A wannan lokacin, ya fara aiki tare da masana falsafar Marxist Slavoj Žižek da Mladen Dolar . Tun daga shekara ta 1984, Močnik farfesa ne a fannin zamantakewa a Kwalejin Fasaha ta Jami'ar Ljubljana .

Močnik na daga cikin masu ilimin Slovenia na farko waɗanda suka gabatar da Tsarin tsari da ka'idodin masanin falsafar Marxist Louis Althusser a cikin ilimin kimiyya na Slovenia. Ya rubuta a kan batutuwa da yawa ciki har da ka'idar akidar, psychoanalysis na ka'idoji, semiotics, ilimin harshe da ilimin ilimin ɗan adam da kimiyyar zamantakewa. Ya kuma fassara ayyukan Jacques Lacan, Emile Durkheim da Marcel Mauss zuwa harshen Slovenian.

Močnik ya kuma kasance mai aiki a cikin ƙungiyoyin farar hula da siyasa da yawa a Slovenia. A farkon shekarun 1980s, ya kasance daya daga cikin masu adawa da sake fasalin ilimin makarantar sakandare, wanda League of Communists of Slovenia ta gudanar, inda aka soke makarantun sakandare na gargajiya (wanda ake kira gymnasium) a matsayin abin da ake tsammani ya rage na tsohuwar bourgeois elitism. A shekara ta 1982, ya kuma rubuta takarda game da irin wannan gyare-gyare, tare da editan Braco Rotar, masanin ilimin zamantakewa Neda Pagon da lauya Matevž Krivic . Fiye da masu ilimi 600 ne suka sanya hannu kan korafin, kuma yana daya daga cikin manyan shirye-shiryen jama'a na farko a cikin Socialist Slovenia. Tsakanin 1988 da 1990, ya yi aiki a kwamitin Kwamitin Tsaro na 'Yancin Dan Adam, babban kungiyar farar hula a Slovenia a lokacin tsarin dimokuradiyya. A farkon shekarun 1990s, ya yi adawa da rushewar Yugoslavia, ya soki Haɗin gwiwar DEMOS da 'yancin Slovenia.

A shekara ta 1990, an zabi Močnik a matsayin shugaban wata karamar jam'iyya mai zaman kanta, mai suna Social Democratic Union (Socialdemokratska unija, SDU), wanda ke da alaƙa da kungiyar Ante Marković ta Union of Reform Forces . Jam'iyyar ta kasa samun wani gagarumin goyon baya, kuma ta kasance a waje da majalisar dokokin Slovenia. Bayan rushewarta a farkon shekarun 1990, Močnik ya bar siyasar jam'iyya, amma ya ci gaba da shiga cikin muhawara ta jama'a. Ya kasance daya daga cikin 'yan ilimi na jama'a na Slovenia waɗanda suka yi adawa da sanarwar' yancin Slovenia. A ƙarshen shekarun 1990, ya yi adawa da shigar Slovenia cikin NATO. Ya kuma kasance mai sukar Tsarin Bologna.

Močnik kuma yana rubuta ginshiƙai na mako-mako a cikin mujallar hagu ta Slovenia Mladina kuma memba ne na kwamitin ba da shawara na mujallar arewa ta yankin Novi Plamen . 

A cikin 2017, Močnik ya sanya hannu kan sanarwar kan Harshen Harshen Croats, Serbs, Bosniaks da Montenegrins. 

 Rashin jituwa 
Matsayi mai rikitarwa na Močnik a cikin shekarun 1989-1991, lokacin da yake sukar 'yancin Slovenia daga Yugoslavia, mutane da yawa sun soki shi a lokacin, kuma ya kasance daya daga cikin zargi na siyasa akai-akai a kansa, gami da tsohon Firayim Minista Janez Janša mai ra'ayin mazan jiya. 

A shekara ta 2008, labarinsa "Slovene historians on the Destruction of Yugoslav Federation" wanda aka buga a cikin wani fitowar na musamman na Borec a ƙarƙashin sunan Oddogodenje rubutuine - primer Jugoslavije' ("The Uneventment of History - The Case of Yugoslavia") tare da gudummawar "sabon ƙarni" na masana tarihi na Slovenia da matasa masu bincike na ƙasashen waje kamar Ozren Pupovac, Alberto Toscano da Geoffroy Geraud-Legros, sun zama masu jayayya sosai yayin da ya soki wasu abubuwan da suka faru game da sake fasalin tarihi na zamani na Slovenia. A cikin labarin, Močnik ya zargi uku daga cikin fitattun masana tarihi na Slovenia na zamani, Peter Vodopivec, Jože Pirjevec da Božo Repe, dukansu ana ɗaukar su kusa da hagu ko matsayi na hagu, na nuna son kai na kasa.

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane
Rukuni:Haifaffun 1944