Bakhytzhan Toregozhina

Bakhytzhan Toregozhina (Kazakh; an haife shi a ranar 23 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 1962) ɗan Kazakhstan ne Mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam wanda ya yi yaƙi da take hakkin dan adam a Kazakhstan sama da shekaru ashirin.</ref>  Ta kasance shugabar hadin gwiwar al'ummomin farar hula, Qantar 2022, kuma shugabar wata Gidauniyar Jama'a, Ar. Rukh. Khak wanda ke wakiltar Daraja, Ruhu, da Gaskiya  .  Ta kuma shirya ƙungiyoyin matasa daban-daban.  An yaba da Toregozhina a matsayin babbar murya da ke wakiltar wadanda aka azabtar, cin zarafi, da kuma cin zarafin siyasa.[5] A ranar 8 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2023, ta karbi lambar yabo ta mata ta kasa da kasa ta 2023, wacce Jill Biden da Anthony J. Blinken suka gabatar da ita da sauran wadanda aka zaba a Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka.

 Rayuwa ta farko 
An haifi Bakhytzhan Toregozhina a ranar 23 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 1962 kuma 'yar kasar Kazakhstan </ref>

 Ayyuka 
Toregozhina mai fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam ce a kan dokar doka kuma ta yi aiki don taimakawa wadanda abin ya shafa, rubuta takardun keta hakkin dan adam, da kuma kare mutanen da ake tsanantawa saboda bayyana hakkins. "2023 International Women of Courage Award". U.S. Department of State. 8 March 2023. Retrieved 11 March 2023.</ref> Ta fara inganta ci gaban kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu a cikin 1999 kuma a cikin shekaru masu zuwa, ta yi aiki a kan ayyukan tara kuɗi don cibiyar sadarwa ta kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam da tarurruka na zaman lafiya. Ta kasance memba na majalisun da ke kula da matsayin fursunonin siyasa da fursunonin lamiri. An ruwaito Alyan Tirek a matsayin wani yunkuri da ta yi aiki a kai wanda ya ba da taimakon jin kai da na shari'a ga fursunoni. A cikin 2017, ta ba da taron manema labarai game da azabtar da Iskander Erimbetov a tsare.</ref> Kusan shekaru 25, ta kasance murya game da azabtarwa kuma ta yi kamfen don sakin fursunonin siyasa.

 Kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam da gwagwarmaya 
Toregozhina ta kafa ko kuma ta kafa kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam daban-daban. Tana aiki a matsayin shugaban Qantar 2022, da kuma wani Gidauniyar Jama'a da aka sani da Ar.  Rukh. Khak. A shekara ta 2004, ta fara Kahar,  wani shahararren motsi na matasa wanda ya zama wahayi don kafa wasu kungiyoyin matasa. A shekara ta 2005, ta shirya kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu don saka idanu kan zaben 'yan majalisa. Toregozhina ya kuma tattara dalibai da matasa ta hanyar makarantun bazara na Dimokuradiyya kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mai hulɗa don aiwatar da dokokin juri da batutuwa masu alaƙa a cibiyoyin ilimi mafi girma. A shekara ta 2012, ta kafa Sailau, hadin gwiwar kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da ke sa ido kan zabe. Ta kuma shiga cikin rubuce-rubucen wasu dokoki a kan zabe."StackPath" (PDF). www.gherson.com. Retrieved 12 March 2023.</ref>

A cikin 2020, Toregozhina ta nuna damuwa game da tsarin zalunci na Kazakhstan akan masu gwagwarmaya a lokacin annobar COVID-19 ta duniya. Ƙuntatawa sun kasance a kan 'yancin magana, samun dama ga bayanai, bin doka da kuma aiwatar da haƙƙin ɗan adam ciki har da maganin mutane, samar da magunguna, da ƙuntatawa kan haƙƙin tarurruka masu zaman lafiya a bayan wurin.

Kama masu zanga-zangar da yawa ya haifar da tashin hankali na 5 ga Janairun 2022 a manyan birane a fadin Kazakhstan. Toregozhina ya bayyana halin da ake ciki a matsayin rikice-rikice na siyasa kuma a matsayin matakin jama'a da aka dauka don samun maki na siyasa kafin zaben. A ranar 1 ga Satumba 2022, Shugaba Tokayev ya ba da sanarwar afuwa ga masu zanga-zangar amma wannan ya haifar da rikice-rikice game da ko afuwa ta kare mafi yawan masu zanga-zanga masu zaman lafiya, masu kare hakkin dan adam, da masu fafutukar farar hula daga tuhumar "mai tsattsauran ra'ayi", da kuma iyakance shi don wanke wadanda aka yanke musu hukunci.

 Tsayawa da hari 

 Harin 'yan sanda na 2005 
'Yan sanda sun shiga ofishin ƙungiyar matasa tare da iyaye masu bin Toregozhina saboda zargin daukar yara don ayyukan siyasa, da kuma ba da lada ga matasa da kuɗi daga ƙasashen waje. Human Rights Watch ta ba da rahoton cewa adadi mai yawa na 'yan sanda sun rushe zanga-zangar zaman lafiya (wanda ya haɗa da sakin balloons) wanda Kahar ya tallafawa a ranar 12 ga Afrilu da kuma damuwarsa game da matakan gwamnatoci don hana gwagwarmayar matasa.

 Tsayawa a shekara ta 2010 
A ranar 16 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2010, 'yan sanda sun shiga ofishin Toregozhina, suka kama ta kuma suka yanke mata hukunci saboda shirya wani taron "art-mob" a lokacin rashin biyayya ga farar hula ranar tunawa da ita wacce ta gabatar da shari'a a kan gwamnati saboda take hakkinta na kundin Tsarin Mulki."Communication No 2137/2012: Views adopted by the Committee at its 112th session (7-31 October 2014)". United Nations Human Rights Treaty Bodies. Retrieved 12 March 2023.

 Tsayawa a shekarar 2016 
Akalla mutane 33, ciki har da Toregozhina, an tsare su tsakanin 16 da 20 ga Mayu 2016, saboda rahoton keta doka da ke da alaƙa da sakonnin Facebook a kan zanga-zangar da batutuwan ƙasa.

 Tsanantawa ta 2022 
An lissafa Toregozhina a matsayin daya daga cikin masu kare hakkin dan adam waɗanda ke fuskantar tsanantawa ta siyasa da ta shafi tashin hankali na Janairu 2022.

 Censorship na Pegasus 
OCCRP ta ruwaito cewa Toregozhina na daga cikin 'yan siyasa,' yan jarida, da masu fafutukar kare hakkin dan adam na Pegasus don sauraron waya ko sa ido. Kamfanin Isra'ila, NSO Group ne ya kirkiro Pegasus kuma ana amfani da shi don yin leken asiri a kungiyoyi daban-daban na siyasa.

 Kyaututtuka 
Toregozhina ta sami lambar yabo ta mata ta kasa da kasa ta 2023 wacce ta amince da wadanda suka nuna ƙarfin hali, ƙarfi, da jagoranci. An yaba da gudummawar da ta bayar a matsayin muhimmiyar rawar da masu kare hakkin dan adam ke takawa wajen gudanar da gwamnatoci da kuma karfafa girmamawa ga hakkoki da 'yanci na asali. Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ce ta shirya bikin."2023 International Women of Courage Award". U.S. Department of State. 8 March 2023. Retrieved 11 March 2023.

 Dubi kuma 

 Kyautar Mata ta Duniya ta Gaba
 Jerin masu fafutukar kare hakkin mata
 'Yancin Dan Adam a Kazakhstan

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane
Rukuni:Haihuwan 1962
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba