Yvonne Sylvain

Yvonne Sylvain (28 ga Yuni, 1907 - Oktoba 3, shekara ta 1989) [1] likita ce ta Haiti wacce ita ce likitar mace ta farko daga ƙasar. [2] Hakanan ita ce mace ta farko da aka yarda da ita zuwa Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Jami'ar Haiti, kuma ta sami digirinta na likitanci a cikin shekara ta 1940. Bayan kammala karatun ta, ta yi aiki a matsayin kwararriyar likitan mata da mata a babban asibitin Port-au-Prince . [3] A matsayinta na mace ta farko da ta fara aiki a Haiti, ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen samar da ingantattun hanyoyin magani da kayan aikin ga 'yan ƙasar Haiti. [1] Daga cikin sauran nasarorin da ta samu, ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin muryoyin da ke fafutukar tabbatar da daidaito ta zahiri, tattalin arziki, zamantakewa da siyasa ga matan Haiti. [4]

 Rayuwar farko da ilimi 
An haifi Dr. Yvonne Sylvain a Port-au-Prince ga Eugénie Mallebranche da Georges Sylvain, ɗan gwagwarmayar Haiti kuma muhimmin jigo na tsayin daka kan mamayar Amurkawa na Haiti. Suna da 'ya'ya bakwai, daya daga cikinsu ita ce Suzanne Comhaire-Sylvain, mace ta farko a Haiti. 

Da mahaifinta ya yi tasiri sosai, ta halarci Ecole Normale d'institutrices, inda ta kammala karatun ta kuma ta fara aiki a matsayin malami.  Lokacin da yake da shekaru 28, ita ce mace ta farko da aka yarda da ita a makarantar likitancin Jami'ar Haiti, kuma ta sami digiri na likita a 1940.  Daga nan ta sami tallafin karatu daga Ofishin Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a na Amurka kuma an shigar da ita Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Jami'ar Columbia.  Shekaru uku bayan karatun ta, ta yi aiki a Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta New York Post-Graduate da Asibiti akan Fellowship Bureau na Sanitary Bureau. 

 Sana'a 
Sylvain ta ba da gudummawa da yawa ga fannin likitanci a Haiti kuma ta ƙarfafa sauran matan Haiti su bi matakanta. A shekara ta 1953, shekaru goma sha uku bayan Sylvain ya kammala karatun likitanci, matan Haiti takwas sun riga sun sami digirin likitancinsu daga Jami'ar Haiti kuma suka fara aiki a Haiti.  A lokacin, Jami'ar Haiti tana da daliban likitanci 241 da suka yi rajista, 17 daga cikinsu mata ne. 

Bayan kammala karatun ta, ta yi aiki na tsawon shekaru a Babban Asibitin a fannin kula da mata masu juna biyu da mata. Yawan mace-mace a Haiti ya zaburar da ita ta zama likita, ta ba da lokacinta da basirarta wajen kula da yawancin mutanen Haiti don kamuwa da cututtuka daban-daban.  Ta kasance mai sha'awar game da matsalolin lafiya na gaggawa da ke addabar Haiti: haihuwa, yawan jama'a, da ciwon daji.  Ta kuma zama farfesa a fannin likitanci a Jami'ar Haiti. Ta buga labarai da yawa a cikin mujallun likitanci kuma ta ci gaba da yin bincike game da mugayen al'amurran kiwon lafiya da ke faruwa a Haiti. 

Daga nan ta zama mataimakiyar shugabar gidauniyar Haiti don Lafiya da Ilimi. Cikin jin haushin rashin kyawun hanyoyin maganin ciwon daji na Haiti, Sylvain ya jajirce game da saka hannun jari akan hasken X-ray da sauran kayan aikin likitanci don gano cutar kansa.  Burinta ne don ƙarin ci gaban likitanci ta isa Haiti don rage yawan mutanen Haiti da ke mutuwa da ciwon daji.  Ta kasance wani ɓangare na Haitian League Against Cancer kuma ta taimaka gabatar a Haiti gwajin papanicolaou don tantance ciwon daji na mahaifa  Ta kirkiro wani kwamiti na musamman wanda ya taimaka wajen tattara kudade daga Faransa da kuma a cikin Haitian da ke waje don asibiti da ta so gina a Frères, wani birni a Haiti mai nisan minti goma daga Pétion-Ville, don ba da damar jinya ga al'ummar fiye da mutane 100,000.  Ta nuna jajircewa kan lamarin, ta kasance mataimakiyar shugabar gidauniyar Lafiya da Ilimi ta Haiti har zuwa rasuwarta. 

Tare da ƙungiyarta ta inganta asibitocin Haiti, ta fara aiki a matsayin wakili a cikin lafiyar jama'a, musamman ga lafiyar haihuwa da bincike ga Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO).  Ta kuma kawo ilimin likitancinta zuwa kasashen Afirka da dama, kamar Najeriya da Senegal, kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin likita a Costa Rica.

 Zane 
Ta ci gaba da inganta al'adun Haiti ta hanyar fasaharta.  Ta yi karatu a ƙarƙashin Normil Charles kuma Pition Savain ya rinjaye ta.  Ta yi aiki sosai a fagagen fasaha, zane-zane, rubuce-rubuce, sukar fasaha, wasan kwaikwayo, da kuma radiyo.  Ta kasance mai gudanar da al'adu mai mahimmanci ga al'ummarta.  Zane-zane, zane-zane, da wasan kwaikwayo suna da matukar muhimmanci ga Yvonne Sylvain a lokacin farkon rayuwarta saboda an shigar da ita cikin al'ummar al'adu sosai.  A shekara ta 1932, ta baje kolin zane-zane da zane-zane sama da talatin.  Duk da haka, rashin taimako da ta ji na rasuwar mahaifiyarta ne ya sa aka shafe shekaru 28 na sadaukar da kai ga ilimin likitanci. 

 Ayyukan aiki 
Har ila yau, ta kasance mai aiki a cikin yunkurin mata,  wato a cikin Ligue Féminine d'Action Sociale, wanda ya taimaka wajen ba wa matan Haiti 'yancin yin zabe a 1950.  Ta kuma buga labarai game da al'amuran kiwon lafiyar jama'a a cikin labaran labaran Ligue, La Voix des Femmes . 

 Girmamawa 
Ƙungiyar Likitoci ta Haiti (AMH) ta karrama Sylvain a matsayin mace ta farko da likita ta Haiti. 

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Mutuwan 1989
Rukuni:Haifaffun 1907