Gwendolyn Lizarraga

Gwendolyn Margaret Lizarraga, MBE (11 Yuli 1901 - 9 Yuni 1975) wacce aka fi sani da Madam Liz, 'yar kasuwa ce 'yar Belize, mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata kuma 'yar siyasa. Ita ce mace ta farko da aka zaba a Majalisar Dokokin Honduras ta Burtaniya (yanzu Majalisar Wakilai ta Belize ) kuma mace ta farko da ta zama ministar gwamnati a Honduras ta Burtaniya, yanzu Belize.

 Tarihin Rayuwa 
An haifi Gwendolyn Margaret Smith a ranar 11 ga Yuli 1901 ga Sidney Smith da Guadalupe Baeza a Maskall Village, Honduras na Burtaniya . Ta halarci makarantar firamare ta Mr. Datsun, makarantar firamare ta St. Mary da kuma St. Catherine's Academy. A 1926, ta auri mai daukar hoto Victor Manuel Lizarraga kuma daga baya suka haifi 'ya'ya biyar. 

 Sana'ar kasuwanci 
Lizarraga ’yar kasuwa ce, wacce ta yi aikin noman chicle da mahogany mai nasara. Yayin da take gudanar da kasuwancinta tana duba sansanonin ‘yan chicle da mahogany, Lizarraga ta yi banza da taron gunduma, tana tuƙi mai tuƙi, sanye da wando, ɗauke da bindiga, da shan sigari. Ta kasance mai yawan magana  kuma mai iko,  kuma ba ta tsoratar da mu'amalarta da manyan kamfanoni irin su Wrigley's, Castillo da Thurton. An kuma san ta a matsayin mai aiki mai tausayi da kuma wanda ke tallafawa daidaitattun albashi don daidaitaccen aiki. A cikin 1943, lokacin da Ƙungiyar Kasuwancin Honduras ta Biritaniya (BHTU) ke kafa, Lizarraga ya kasance mai magana da aka gayyace zuwa taron Afrilu. Ta bukaci a saka kariya ga ma’aikatan leburori da daidaiton albashi kuma yayin da mahalarta mazan suka amince da ita a jawabinta, lokacin da suka kada kuri’a kan mafi karancin albashi a watan Yuni na waccan shekarar, an cire mata daga ciki.

 Ayyukan aiki 
Tun daga shekarun 1950, Lizarraga ya yi aiki a wurare da dama don inganta yancin mata. A cikin 1953, an ɗauke ta aiki a matsayin jami'ar sakin layi na mata  don Sashen Ci gaban Jama'a. A cikin 1954, ta fara tsara mata a fagen siyasa a duk faɗin ƙasar tun daga ƙauyen Maskall. Daga nan ta yi tafiya zuwa arewa zuwa Orange Walk Town, sannan zuwa Sand Hill, Benque Viejo kuma daga karshe zuwa kudu mai nisa, Punta Gorda . A shekarar 1959, ta kafa kungiyar mata ta United Women's Group (UWG) tare da mata 900 daga ko'ina cikin kasar, da burin karfafawa mata a fannin al'adu, tattalin arziki, da siyasa. Don haka, ta haɗu da Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Mata ta United Women's Credit Union, tana ƙarfafa mata su yi ajiyar kuɗi, "ko da za su iya samun $ 0.25 kawai a mako guda". . People's United Party. Belize City, Belize: United Women's Group. 2013. Archived from the original  on 2 October 2015. Retrieved 4 September 2015. Sanin cewa masu mallakar filaye ne kawai suka cancanci kada kuri'a a Honduras ta Burtaniya a wancan lokacin, Madam Liz ta yi ƙoƙari na musamman don taimakawa mata su mallaki dukiya. Ta dauki mata daga UWG zuwa Sashen Filaye don samun tallafin fili, amma an gaya musu cewa babu fili. Da yake shiga cikin fadama, Lizarraga ya yi bincike kuma ya kirkiro taswirar fakiti ga matan. Daga nan ta mayar da shi zuwa Sashen Filaye don yin rikodin. Waɗannan fakitin mata suna cikin abin da yake a yau Collet Constituency tsakanin Curassow, Elston Kerr da Gibnut Streets, mai iyaka da North Creek. Hakazalika lokacin da aka hana yara damar yin karatu saboda babu kudin da za a shirya wurin da gina makaranta a unguwar su talakawa da masu aiki, Madam Liz da matan UWG suka fara share ciyayi daga fadama da hannayen mutum biyu . Ma'aikata daga Sashen Ayyukan Jama'a daga baya sun shiga cikin matan kuma sakamakon ya kasance sababbin makarantu biyu - Belize Junior Secondary Schools N ° 1 da N ° 2 - an kammala su, wanda daga baya aka canza sunan makarantar Edward P. Yorke da Gwen Lizarraga High School. 

 Sana'ar siyasa 
Shekara ta 1961 ita ce shekarar farko da aka bai wa mata damar shiga zabukan kasar.  A watan Afrilu, Gwendolyn Lizarraga ta zama mace ta farko da aka zaba a Majalisar Dokokin Kasar Honduras ta Burtaniya. . Belize City, Belize: National Institute of Culture and History. 2013. Archived from the original on 25 April 2016. Retrieved 4 September 2015. Ta lashe zaben Pickstock da kashi 69% na kuri'un.  Bayan haka, an nada ta a matsayin ministar ilimi, gidaje da walwalar jama’a, inda ta zama ministar mata ta farko a kasar nan.  An sake zaɓe ta a 1965 da 1969, kuma an sake nada ta a matsayin Ministar Ilimi, Gidaje da Ayyukan Jama'a.  A shekara ta 1969, ta jagoranci wani aikin gina gidaje masu rahusa a cikin unguwannin King's Park, Lake Independence da Dandalin Sarauniya.  Lizarraga ta nuna adawa da ba da rangwamen gidan caca a cikin kasar kuma ta yi magana game da damuwarta. 

Lizarraga ba dan takara ba ne don sake tsayawa takara a 1974, ya bar ofishin jim kadan kafin rashin lafiya ta ƙarshe.  [ Madogararsa mai zaman kanta ] Ɗanta, Adolfo ne ya gaje ta a kujerar Pickstock. 

Baya ga rayuwar jama'a, Lizarraga 'yar wasan dara ce kuma ta taimaka wajen shirya kulob din dara na farko a kasar. Ta kuma tattara labarun almara kuma ta kasance ƙwararren mawaƙa, mai taimakawa wajen farfado da raye-rayen Mestizada. 

Ta mutu ranar 9 ga Yuni 1975 kuma an binne ta a makabartar Lord's Ridge a birnin Belize. 

 Gado 
Lizarraga ya sami karramawa ta abubuwan tunawa da yawa bayan mutuwa. Makarantar sakandaren Gwendolyn Lizarraga ta kasance mai suna don girmamawarta  kuma tana ba da karatun sakandare da azuzuwan manyan makarantu a cikin shirin da aka gudanar tare da Jami'ar Belize .  Tituna da yawa a cikin ƙasar ana mata suna, kamar Madam Liz Avenue  da Gwen Lizarraga Street.  A cikin 1992, a matsayin wani ɓangare na jerin abubuwan tunawa, an ba da tambarin aikawa da hotonta.  Kungiyar siyasa ta Belize ce ke ba da lambar yabo ta "Madam Liz" a kowace shekara ga matar da aikinta ya kasance abin koyi wajen inganta yanayin mata da yara 'yan Belize. 

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Mutuwan 1975
Rukuni:Haifaffun 1901
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba