Marie Popelin

Marie Popelin (16 Disamba 1846 - 5 ga Yuni 1913) ƴar ƙasar Beljiyam ce limamin shari'a kuma farkon mai fafutukar siyasa ta mata . Popelin ya yi aiki tare da Isabelle Gatti de Gamond a cikin ci gaban ilimin mata kuma, a cikin 1888, ta zama mace ta farko ta Belgium da ta sami digiri na uku a fannin shari'a . Bayan da aka ƙi shigar da ita mashaya, Popelin ta ci gaba da yin aiki mai ƙwazo a matsayin shugabar ƙungiyar kare haƙƙin mata ta Belgium. Ta mutu a shekara ta 1913 ba tare da samun izinin shiga mashaya ba.

 Tarihin Rayuwa 
An haifi Marie Popelin a Schaerbeek kusa da Brussels a cikin dangi na tsakiya a kan 16 Satumba 1846.  Ɗaya daga cikin ’yan’uwanta likita ne, wani jami’in soja—Marie Popelin ta sami ilimi sosai bisa ƙa’idodin lokaci da wurin. Tare da 'yar uwarta Louise, ta koyar a Brussels a wata cibiyar da babban malamin mata Isabelle Gatti de Gamond ke gudanarwa daga 1864 zuwa 1875. Rashin jituwa da Gatti ya kai ga ƙaura zuwa Mons don gudanar da sabuwar makarantar 'yan mata a can, wanda aka kafa tare da taimakon Liberal . A cikin 1882, Marie Popelin ta koma Brussels don jagorantar makarantar sakandare a Laeken kusa, amma an cire ta daga mukaminta a shekara mai zuwa. 

 "Popelin Affair" 
Lokacin da yake da shekaru 37, Popelin ya shiga Jami'ar Free na Brussels, yana karatun doka. Bayan kammala karatunta a matsayin Likita na Dokoki a 1888, Popelin ita ce mace ta farko da ta yi haka a Belgium. Ta nemi izinin shiga ƙungiyar lauyoyi ( barreau ) wanda zai ba ta damar yin ƙara a kotunan Belgium. An ki amincewa da bukatar ta, duk da cewa babu wata doka ko ka’ida da ta hana shigar da mata a gidan mashaya.  Koke-kokenta ga kotun daukaka kara a watan Disamba 1888 da kuma, a watan Nuwamba 1889, zuwa Kotun Cassation ba su yi nasara ba, amma an ba da rahoto sosai a cikin jaridu na Belgium da na waje.   The "Popelin al'amarin" ( Affaire Popelin ) ya nuna wa masu goyon bayan ilimin mata cewa kawai samar da 'yan mata matasa damar samun ilimi mai zurfi bai isa ba sai dai idan an ci gaba, doka, canje-canje.  Lamarin ya ba da gudummawa ga sauyi daga ilimin mata zuwa ƙungiyar mata ta siyasa a Belgium.  Jeanne Chauvin, wanda ya sami digiri na shari'a a birnin Paris a 1890, da farko shari'ar ta karaya, amma lauyan Belgium Louis Frank, wanda ya wakilci Popelin a gaban kotu, ya tilasta shi don neman shiga mashaya, kuma an rantsar da shi bayan an canza dokar Faransa a 1900.  A Belgium, an ba mata damar yin aiki a matsayin lauyoyi daga 1922. 

 Ayyukan siyasa 
Marie Popelin ta halarci taron mata biyu a birnin Paris a 1889, kuma ta kafa kungiyar Belgian League for Rights of Women ( Ligue belge du droit des femmes ) a 1892 tare da taimakon Isala Van Diest da Léonie La Fontaine .  Paparoma abokiyar 'yar Amurka ce May Wright Sewall, wadda ta hadu a Paris a 1889, kuma tare da ƙarfafawar Sewall, an kafa sashen Belgium na Majalisar Mata ta Duniya daga 1893. Ƙoƙarin Popelin na ƙirƙirar ƙungiyoyin mata masu zaman kansu a waje da ginshiƙan siyasa, ba a haɗa su da ƙungiyoyin Katolika, masu sassaucin ra'ayi, ko Socialist ba, nasara ce kawai. Majalisar mata ta Belgian ta kasa ( Conseil national des femmes belges ), wacce aka kirkira a shekara ta 1905, ta sami karancin tallafi ne kawai daga sassan mata na jam’iyyun siyasa.

Duk da wannan liyafar ta farko, yawancin manufofin Popelin sun cika kafin mutuwarta a 1913. Wadannan gyare-gyaren majalisa ba su, sun haɗa da muhimman buƙatun Popelin guda biyu: balagagge balagaggu na duniya, da samun dama ga sana'o'in sassaucin ra'ayi ga mata. Modern studies  yarda da babban rawar da Marie Popelin ta taka wajen ƙirƙirar ƙungiyar mata ta Belgian.

 Tunawa da juna 
An yi bikin tunawa da Popelin ta hanyoyi da yawa a cikin Belgium. Ta fito a kan tambarin gidan waya na Belgium a lokacin Shekarar Mata ta Duniya ta 1975, kuma an sanya wa wata hanya a Saint-Josse-ten-Noode suna a 2008. A cikin 2011, Popelin, tare da likitan mace na farko na Belgium, Van Diest, an nuna su a kan tsabar kudin Tarayyar Turai biyu na Belgian don karni na 1st na Ranar Mata ta Duniya . [1] A cikin De Grootste Belg, zaben gidan talabijin na Flemish na 2005 don nemo mafi girma a Belgium a kowane lokaci, Marie Popelin ta kasance a matsayi na 42nd.

A ranar 16 ga Disamba 2020, Google ta yi bikin cikarta shekaru 174 da Google Doodle . 

 Duba kuma 


 Jerin sunayen lauyoyi da alkalai mata na farko a Turai
 Jerin sunayen masu fafutukar kare hakkin mata
 Jadawalin yancin mata (ban da zabe)
 Jadawalin zaben mata

 ambato 
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 Manazarta 


 Kara karantawa 

Rukuni:Haifaffun 1846