Isidore Dyen

Isidore Dyen (16 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1913 a Philadelphia - 14 ga watan Disamba shekara ta 2008 a Newton, Massachusetts) masanin harshe ne na Amurka, Farfesa Emeritus na Malayo-Polynesian da Comparative Linguistics a Jami'ar Yale . Ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan malamai a fagen ilimin harshe na Austronesian,  yana bugawa sosai kan sake ginawa ilimin sauti na Proto-Austronesian da kuma rarraba cikin Iyalin harshe, na ƙarshe galibi ta hanyar lexicostatistics. 

Yaron ƙarami na wani rabbi da matarsa wanda ya yi ƙaura daga Kiev, Ukraine, "Iz" (kamar yadda abokai suka san shi) ya girma yana magana da Yiddish a gida kuma yana karatun Ibrananci a Kwalejin Gratz a shirye-shiryen horar da malamai. Koyaya, a lokacin da yake samun BA a 1933, MA a 1934, da Ph.D. a 1939 a Jami'ar Pennsylvania, abubuwan da yake so sun koma ilimin harshe. Bayan kammala wani rubutun a kan "The Sanskrit indeclinables of the Hindu grammarians and lexicographers"  ya shirya ya ƙware a cikin yarukan Slavic,  amma bukatun Sojojin Amurka a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na II ya ja shi cikin harsuna a cikin Pacific Theater of Operations .

Ya koyi Malay sosai don koyar da shi ga sojojin da ke kan hanyar zuwa Kudu maso Yammacin Pacific  da kuma samar da rubutun koyarwa na kundi 2, Spoken Malay (1943). Bayan yaƙin, ya yi aiki a fagen a kan wasu harsuna biyu na Austronesian, Chuukese (wanda aka mayar da shi "Trukese" a wannan lokacin) da Yapese, a matsayin memba na Tri-Institutional Coordinated Investigation of Micronesia Anthropology wanda Jami'ar Yale, Jami'ar Hawai'i, da Gidan Tarihin Bernice P. Bishop suka tallafawa. Daga wannan ya fito da A Sketch of Trukese grammar (1965). 

A lokaci guda, ya fara amfani da hanyar kwatancinsa don sake dubawa da sake fasalin sauti wanda Otto Dempwolff (1934-38) ya buga a baya. Jerin labarai kamar "Maganar Malayo-Polynesian don 'biyu"" (1947), "The Tagalog reflexes of Malayo- Polynesian D" (1947), ""Proto-Malayo-Polymesian *Z" (1951), da kuma "Dempwolff's *R" (1953), daga ƙarshe ya ƙare a cikin wani littafi, The Proto-Malayo' Polynesian laryngeals (1953). Amfani da irin wannan hanyoyin ga sabbin bayanansa daga Chuukese ya haifar da wani littafi mai suna On the history of the Trukese vowels (1949), wanda ya nuna yadda wasula tara na Chuukese suka samo asali a kai a kai daga tsarin wasula huɗu da Dempwolff ya sake ginawa don Proto-Austronesian. 

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Rukuni:Haifaffun 1913