Anti-Slavery International

Anti-Slavery International, wanda aka kafa a matsayin British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society a shekarar 1839,   kungiya ce ta ƙasa da ƙasa mai zaman kanta, kungiyar agaji mai rijista  da kungiyar bayar da shawarwari, mai tushe a cikin United Kingdom. Ita ce ƙungiyar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam ta duniya mafi tsufa a duniya, kuma tana aiki musamman kan bauta da cin zarafi masu alaƙa da haka. 

A cikin shekarar 1909, al'umma ta haɗu da Ƙungiyar Kariya ta Aborigines don samar da Ƙungiyar Kariyar Bauta da Aborigines, "[Search name authorities]: British and Foreign Anti-slavery Society [Authority record]". Library of Congress Authorities. Library of Congress. 2 December 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2020. wanda babban memba shine Kathleen Simon, Viscountess Simon. Ta zama Ƙungiyar Anti-Slavery a cikin watan Yuli 1947,  kuma daga shekarun 1956 zuwa 1990 an kira ta da Ƙungiyar Anti-Slavery da Kare Haƙƙin Dan Adam. A cikin shekarar 1990 an sake mata suna Anti-Slavery International da Kare Haƙƙin Dan Adam, kuma a cikin shekarar 1995 an sake buɗe ta azaman Anti-Slavery International. 

Ta samo asali ne daga tsattsauran ra'ayi na tsohuwar kungiyar da ake kira "Anti-Slavery Society", The Society for the Mitigation and Gradual Abolition of Slavery Throughout the British Dominions, wanda ya sami nasarar kawar da bautar bayi  a cikin Birtaniya a watan Agusta 1838. Sharman, Anne-Marie, ed. (1993). "Anti-Slavery Reporter". The Anti-Slavery Reporter. 13 (8). London: Anti-Slavery International.

An kirkiro sabuwar kungiyar yaki da bautar bayi ta ƙasa da ƙasa ta Biritaniya da na ƙasashen waje domin yaki da ayyukan bauta a wasu ƙasashe.

 Tarihi 

 Fage 
The Society for Effecting the Abolition of the Slave Trade, kafa kungiyar a shekara ta 1787, kuma ake magana a kai a matsayin Abolition Society, shi ne ke da alhakin cimma nasarar kawar da cinikin bayi na ƙasa da ƙasa, lokacin da majalisar dokokin Birtaniya ta zartar da Dokar Cinikin bayi ta 1807.

Kungiyar The Society for the Mitigation and Gradual Abolition of Slavery A duk faɗin mulkin Burtaniya, wanda daga baya aka sani da (London) Anti-slavery Society, an kafa ta ne a cikin shekarar 1823 kuma an himmatu ga kawar da bautar bayi a cikin Daular Burtaniya, wadda aka cimma ta sosai a cikin shekarar 1838 a ƙarƙashin sharuɗɗan Dokar Kawar da Bautar bayi ta 1833.

 Ƙarni na 19 
Tare da kawar da bautar bayi a ko'ina cikin mulkin Birtaniyya da aka samu, 'yan Burtaniya abolitionists a cikin Hukumar  na Anti-Slavery Society sun yi la'akari da cewa a agaji kungiyar da ake buƙata don magance bauta a dukan duniya. Mafi yawa a ƙarƙashin jagorancin ɗan gwagwarmayar Ingilishi Joseph Sturge, kwamitin ya kafa sabuwar al'umma, British Anti-Slavery Society a ranar 17 ga watan Afrilu 1839,  Patricia Hollis, Ed. (1974). Pressure from without in early Victorian England. Pub. Edward Arnold p.39.  wanda ya yi aiki don haramta bauta a wasu ƙasashe. Ya zama sananne sosai da Ƙungiyar Anti-Slavery, kamar yadda al'ummar farko ta yi.

Sakatare na farko shine John Harfield Tredgold, ma'aji na farko, George William Alexander na Stoke Newington. Tare da kafa kwamitin, wanda ya haɗa da Anglican Thomas Fowell Buxton, da Quaker William Allen, da Congregationalist Josiah Conder, sun shirya na farko World Anti-Slavery Convention  a London a shekarar 1840,  cewa janyo hankalin wakilai daga ko'ina cikin duniya (ciki har da daga United States of America) wanda ake magana a kai a matsayin bauta a kudancin Amurka. zuwa zauren Freemasons, London ranar 12 ga watan Yuni 1840. Wakilai da yawa sun yi fice wajen kawar da kai, tare da Thomas Clarkson babban mai jawabi, kuma an ɗauki hoton taron a wani zane mai ban mamaki wanda har yanzu ke rataye a babban Ɗakin taro na National Portrait Gallery a Landan.  An tallata taron a matsayin babban taron "duniya baki ɗaya", amma wakilan da ke wakiltar al'ummomin yaki da bauta a Amurka sun haɗa da mata da dama, daga cikinsu akwai Lucretia Mott da Elizabeth Cady Stanton, waɗanda daga baya suka taka rawa wajen yunkurin neman 'yancin mata. Shugabannin taron sun ki zama wakilan mata daga Amurka, kuma fitattun mazan da aka soke irin su Thomas Knight sun fusata. Ya ci gaba da kafa al'ummarsa.[ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2020)">abubuwan da ake bukata</span> ]

A cikin shekarun 1850, ƙarƙashin Louis Chamerovzow, al'umma sun taimaka wa John Brown ya rubuta da kuma buga tarihin rayuwarsa shekaru goma kafin yakin basasar Amurka ya kawo ƙarshen bauta a Amurka.

Sakatare na biyu na Ƙungiyar Yaƙin Bauta, wanda aka naɗa ƙarƙashin sakatarorin girmamawa Joseph Cooper da Edmund Sturge, shi ne Rev. Aaron Buzacott (1829–81), ɗan mishan na Kudancin Tekun kuma mai suna Aaron Buzacott. Tare da kawar da bautar bayi a Amurka a shekarar 1865, Buzacott ya yi aiki kafaɗa da kafaɗa da Joseph Cooper wajen gudanar da bincike da buga ayyukan da aka tsara don taimakawa kawar da bautar bayi a wasu wurare, musamman a Gabas ta Tsakiya, Turkiyya da Afirka.

 Ƙarni na 20 
Rabin farkon ƙarni na 20 shi ne kashi na ƙarshe na yaƙin neman zaɓe na yaƙi da bautar da ta dace. A ƙarshe an kawo ƙarshen bautar taɗi na shari'a a yankin Larabawa tsakanin shekarun 1937 zuwa 1970. Mauritania ta kawo ƙarshen bauta a shekara ta 1981. Rabin na biyu na ƙarni na 20 ya ga canji zuwa yaƙin neman zaɓe na yaƙi da bautar zamani, yanayin aiki mai amfani da fataucin haram.

 Manazarta 

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