Ivana Bacik

Ivana Catherine Bacik (/ˈbɑːtʃɪk/) (an haife ta a ranar 25 ga Mayu 1968) 'yar siyasar Ireland ce wacce ta kasance Shugaba na Jam'iyyar Labour tun daga 24 ga Maris 2022 kuma Teachta Dála (TD) na mazabar Dublin Bay ta Kudu tun lokacin da ta lashe Zabe a ranar 9 ga Yulin 2021. Bacik a baya ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Jam'iyyar Labour a Seanad daga 2011 zuwa 2021, kuma Sanata na mazabar Jami'ar Dublin daga 2007 zuwa 2021. Ta taba aiki a matsayin Mataimakin shugaban Seanad daga 2011 zuwa 2016. Bacik ta zama sananniya saboda yakin neman 'Yancin zubar da ciki daga shekarun 1980 zuwa gaba.

 Rayuwa da ilimi 
Kakan mahaifin Bacik, Charles Bacik, ya kasance mai mallakar masana'antar Czech wanda ya koma Ireland a shekara ta 1946.  Daga bisani ya zauna a Waterford kuma a 1947 ya shiga cikin kafa Waterford Crystal .  Iyalan mahaifiyarta sune Murphys daga County Clare . Mahaifinta masanin taurari ne kuma ya yi aiki a wurare da yawa. A sakamakon haka, ta zauna a London da Afirka ta Kudu, kafin ta koma Crookstown, County Cork, mil ashirin a yammacin Cork City, tana da shekaru shida, lokacin da ya zama malamin kimiyyar lissafi a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Cork. Ta halarci makarantar kasa da ke kusa da Cloughduv . Lokacin da Bacik ke da shekaru 11, iyalinta sun koma yankin Sunday's Well na Cork City. A lokacin da take da shekaru 14, ta koma Dublin.

Ta sami tallafin karatu don shiga Kwalejin Alexandra a Milltown, Dublin, kuma an ba ta lambar yabo a Kwalejin Trinity Dublin .  Tana da LL.B. daga Triniti da LL.M. daga Makarantar Tattalin Arziki ta London . 

She lives with husband Alan Saul and their two daughters in Portobello, Dublin.

 Siyasa ta jami'a 
Bacik ya yi murabus a matsayin shugaban kungiyar dalibai ta Trinity College Dublin a shekarar 1990, bayan ya karya umarnin daga membobin kungiyar game da jefa kuri'a ga 'yan takara a taron Ƙungiyar Dalibai a Ireland. Duk da cewa an ba da izinin wakilan TCD 13 su jefa kuri'a ga dan takara daya, Martin Whelan, tsohon shugaban TCD SU, ya bayyana cewa ya sami kuri'u 12 kawai, a maimakon haka an ba da kuri'un Bacik ga tsohon jami'in UCD SU, Karen Quinlivan. Wani gardama ya ɓarke a cikin Ƙungiyar Dalibai kuma binciken cikin gida na gaba ya haifar da murabus din Bacik.

Kungiyar masu adawa da zubar da ciki, Society for the Protection of the Unborn Child (SPUC), ta kai ta kotu, don samar da bayanai game da zubar. SPUC sun yi nasara a shari'ar kotu, kodayake wannan nasarar ta zo ne a cikin shekarun 1990, bayan Bacik ya kammala karatu daga Kwalejin Trinity. An ba da umarnin Babban Kotun a kan Bacik da sauran mambobin kungiyar daliban TCD a watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1989. A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 1989, Gardaí ta sanar da Bacik cewa Union of Students in Ireland (USI) da TCD Students' Union suna karkashin bincike biyo bayan korafe-korafe cewa "suna cin hanci da rashawa ga halin jama'a ta hanyar yada bayanai game da zubar da ciki. " A cikin wata kasida da ta rubuta ga Ƙungiyar Shirye-shiryen Iyaye ta Duniya, ta ce nan da nan za ta zama Shugaba Mary Robinson ta Irish ce ta hana ta da membobin ƙungiyar ɗalibai zuwa kurkuku.

 Ayyukan siyasa da kamfen 
Bacik ya tsaya takara a zaben Seanad Éireann a shekarar 1997 da 2002 a matsayin dan takara mai zaman kansa na mazabar Jami'ar Dublin amma bai yi nasara ba.

Ta yi takara a matsayin dan takarar Jam'iyyar Labour a Zaben 2004 zuwa majalisar dokokin Turai a Mazabar Dublin .  Ta gudu tare da zama MEP Proinsias De Rossa, wanda shi ma shugaban jam'iyyar ne, a kan wannan tikitin. Ta samu kuri'u 40,707 na farko (9.6%) amma ba a zabe ta ba.

A shekara ta 2004, littafinta Kicking and Screaming: Dragging Ireland into the 21st Century, O'Brien Press ne ya buga shi.

A shekara ta 2007, ta tsaya takarar zaben Seanad Éireann a karo na uku a mazabar Jami'ar Dublin, kuma an zabe ta zuwa kujerar ta uku, bayan sanatocin masu zaman kansu Shane Ross da David Norris. Da farko ta zauna a matsayin sanata mai zaman kanta.

A watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2009, an haɗa Bacik a cikin 'All Star Women's Cabinet' a cikin Irish Independent .  A watan Maris na shekara ta 2009, Bacik ta tabbatar da ikirarin da aka yi a shirin talabijin cewa ta dauki raguwar albashi na son rai na kashi 10% ban da harajin fansho. A watan Yunin 2009, Bacik ta kasance dan takarar jam'iyyar Labour a zaben Dublin ta tsakiya ta zo ta uku tare da kashi 17% na kuri'un da aka fi so na farko. Ta shiga kungiyar Labour Party a cikin Seanad a watan Satumbar 2009,  kuma ta zama mai magana da yawun Labour Party Seanad na Shari'a da Fasaha, Wasanni da Yawon Bude Ido. A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2009, wani fasalin da Mary Kenny na Irish Independent ya hada da Bacik a cikin jerin matan da suka "kancikin matsayinsu na alama".

A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2010, ta nemi zaben Labour don takara a zaben na gaba a mazabar Dublin ta Kudu maso Gabas amma ba a zaba ta ba. A watan Disamba na shekara ta 2010, an kara ta a matsayin dan takara na biyu kusa da shugaban jam'iyyar Labour, Eamon Gilmore, a mazabar Dún Laoghaire don Babban zaben 2011. Gilmore ta hau kan zaben, tare da Bacik ta sami kashi 10.1% na kuri'un da aka fi so na farko amma ba a zabe ta ba. An sake zabar ta a Seanad Éireann a zaben da ya biyo baya, bayan haka ta zama Mataimakin Shugaban Seanad .  Ta rike kujerarta a Seanad a shekarar 2016 da 2020.

A ranar 27 ga Afrilu 2021, bayan murabus din Eoghan Murphy daga kujerarsa ta Dáil a Dublin Bay South, Bacik ta sanar da niyyar tsayawa a zaben da ke zuwa. Ta yi kamfen tare da jaddadawa kan samar da gidaje masu araha,  da inganta kiwon lafiya da kula da yara, magance Canjin yanayi, da kuma cimma "jamhuriya ta gaskiya wacce coci da jihar suka rabu". A lokacin yakin neman zabe, ta bayyana kanta a matsayin "mafi yawan takardun kudi da aka sanya a cikin doka fiye da kowane Sanata, kan batutuwa kamar yanayin ma'aikata, haƙƙin lafiyar mata, da daidaito na LGBT".  Bacik ya kuma yi kamfen kan kara yawan abubuwan more rayuwa na wasanni ga yara a yankin, yana kira ga a saki filin kwallon kafa na Sojojin Tsaro da ba a yi amfani da su ba a Cathal Brugha Barracks don wasanni na gida, tare da shawarar da Ministan Tsaro na Fine Gael Simon Coveney ya ƙi.   Fine Gael ta koka wa RTÉ bayan ta fito fili a kan National Treasures, wani shirin talabijin na farko da RTÉ ta watsa a lokacin yakin. RTÉ tana da ƙa'idodi masu tsauri game da ɗaukar hoto mai kyau na 'yan takara a lokacin kamfen. Mai watsa shirye-shiryen kasa ya zargi "kuskuren da ba a sani ba" saboda shirin da aka nuna kwana uku kafin zaben. Wata kungiya mai jagora a cikin mai watsa shirye-shiryen ta gaya wa Fine Gael cewa "ya kamata watsa shirye-aikacen ya faru ba". Sakamakon haka, RTÉ ya nuna rahoto na musamman game da zaɓe a Firayim Minista don "ta tabbatar da cewa an ba da cikakken bayani ga duk 'yan takara".

Bacik ya lashe wannan zaben, inda ya samu kuri'u 8,131 (30.2%) na farko. Wannan ita ce yunkurin ta na huɗu a matsayin dan takarar Labour, kuma ta nuna farin cikinta da nasarar da ta samu a cibiyar ƙidaya a cikin RDS. Bayan zaben, Irish Times ta bayyana ta a matsayin "mai fafutuka mai ban tsoro da kuma masanin jama'a" kuma cewa rashin jin daɗin Fine Gael ga tsohon TD, Kate O'Connell, na iya ba da gudummawa ga karuwar goyon baya ga Bacik daga mata masu jefa kuri'a. Jaridar ta yi iƙirarin cewa zaben ta "yawanci ne" ga Labour.

A watan Agustan 2021, Bacik ya nemi gafara don halartar jam'iyyar Katherine Zappone mai rikitarwa a Otal din Merrion, Dublin, a watan Yulin wannan shekarar. Ta bayyana cewa ta yi imanin cewa ya faru ne a cikin ƙuntatawa na cutar COVID-19 da ke akwai.

A watan Maris na shekara ta 2022, ta tabbatar da cewa za ta yi takara don maye gurbin Alan Kelly a matsayin shugaban jam'iyyar Labour. Kelly ya bayyana cewa ya yi imanin cewa Bacik zai gaji shi. A ranar 24 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2022 an tabbatar da ita a matsayin shugabar jam'iyyar Labour ba tare da hamayya ba a wani taron jam'iyya a Dublin. A cikin jawabin, ta ce za ta mai da hankali kan hauhawar farashin rayuwa da manyan matsalolin da ke fuskantar kasar. Bacik ya yi alkawarin cewa Labour za ta yi yaƙi da zaben na gaba a matsayin "jam'iyya mai zaman kanta" maimakon shiga kowane kawance na hagu.

A Babban zaben 2024, an sake zabar Bacik a cikin Dáil.

 Ra'ayoyin siyasa 
An bayyana manufofin Bacik a matsayin masu sassaucin ra'ayi da zamantakewar dimokuradiyya;  A cikin 2022, Bacik ta bayyana kanta a matsayin "masu zamantakewa, mai zamantakewar dimokradiyya kuma a matsayin Tsakiya-hagu. Wannan yana nufin cewa ina tsayawa ga siyasa mai ginawa, na neman kawo canji ta hanyar shiga gwamnati". 

 Manufofin zamantakewa da na cikin gida 
A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2019, biyo bayan sakamakon Hukumar Bincike ta Gidajen Uwargida da Jariri wacce ta gano cewa daruruwan yara sun mutu yayin da suke kula da gidajen da Cocin Katolika ke gudanarwa, Bacik ya yi kira ga gwamnati da ta dauki matakin kudi a kan umarnin addini da ke ciki.

A cikin 2020, ta dauki nauyin doka a cikin Seanad don ba da 'yancin Irish ga duk wani yaro da aka haifa a tsibirin Ireland,  wanda ya haifar da canza dokokin' yan asalin Irish a watan Maris na 2021.

A watan Disamba na 2020, ta yi kira ga ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya na kasashen waje da ke yaki da Cutar COVID-19 a Ireland da za a ba su lada tare da aikace-aikacen zama 'yan ƙasa da sauri, kamar yadda aka yi a Faransa.

A cikin 2022, Bacik ya yi kira ga karuwar albashi ga ma'aikata da haraji a kan kamfanonin makamashi,  da kuma karuwar mafi karancin albashi. 

Bacik ta bayyana cewa tana goyon bayan kawar da aikin jima'i, kodayake tana sukar Nordic Model, wanda ke aikata laifuka sayen jima'i. Ta nuna goyon baya ga ra'ayoyin kungiyoyi kamar Amnesty International da Cibiyar Binciken Ayyukan Jima'i, waɗanda ke ba da shawara ga cikakken haramta aikin jima'i, yayin da suke nuna damuwa game da karuwar cin zarafi a cikin tsarin da aka halatta, suna ambaton bincikenta da tattaunawa tare da waɗanda ke da hannu a cikin kasuwanci a Sweden. Bacik ta yarda cewa kalmar "ma'aikacin jima'i" na iya zama matsala ga yawancin waɗanda suka tsira, amma ta ci gaba da cewa "gaskiyar aikin jima'i " ba za a iya musantawa ba, kamar yadda tsoffin ma'aikata suka bayyana.

A kan batutuwan tattalin arziki, Bacik na tallafawa sake rarraba dukiya ta hanyar haraji mai ci gaba, gami da gabatar da harajin dukiya da harajin carbon. Ta yi imanin cewa kin amincewar Sinn Féin na tallafawa harajin dukiya ya zama mai tsattsauran ra'ayi kuma ya saba wa matsayinsu na hagu. Bacik ta daɗe tana ba da shawara don haɗin gwiwa, ja-kore wanda ke mai da hankali kan daidaito na muhalli da tattalin arziki, wanda take kallo a matsayin mabuɗin magance matsalar gaggawa.

 Manufofin kasashen waje 
Bacik mai goyon bayan Falasdinu ne, kuma ya nuna sha'awar ganin goyon bayan Irish ga Falasdinu "yana nunawa a cikin manufofin gwamnati". A watan Satumbar shekara ta 2006, Bacik na ɗaya daga cikin malaman Irish 61 da suka sanya hannu kan wata wasika da aka buga a cikin The Irish Times da ke kira ga kauracewa jihar Isra'ila. A watan Janairun shekara ta 2009, ta bayyana cewa tana son Ireland ta yanke dangantakar diflomasiyya da Isra'ila  kuma a watan Fabrairun shekara da shekara ta 2009 ta yi kira ga kauracewa kayayyakin Isra'ila.  Bayan mamayewar Isra'ila a Gaza a 2023, Bacik ya yi kira ga tsagaita wuta a cikin wani ra'ayi mai zaman kansa na Irish,  kuma ya ce matsayin jakadan Isra'ila ga Ireland, Dana Erlich, "ya kamata yanzu ya kasance cikin tambaya" biyo bayan maganganun da Erlich ya yi. 

A cikin 2021 Bacik ya yaba wa gwamnatin Ireland saboda martani ga mamayar Rasha a Ukraine, musamman don karbar 'yan gudun hijira sama da 20,000. Ta kuma yi kira ga matakai masu karfi a matakin EU da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, gami da korar jakadan Rasha, kuma ta yi Allah wadai da manufofin kasashen waje na Putin, ta hanyar amfani da tarihin iyalinta don jaddada adawa da mulkin mallaka na Rasha.

 Gidaje 
A watan Maris na shekara ta 2023, ta bayyana cewa haramcin fitarwa na shekara an yi niyya ne don samar da gwamnati da sararin numfashi don kara yawan samar da gidaje kuma cewa manufofin gwamnati sun kasa.

 Ayyukan shari'a 
An nada Bacik a matsayin Farfesa Reid na Shari'ar Laifuka, Criminology da Penology a Makarantar Shari'a ta Kwalejin Trinity Dublin (TCD) a shekarar 1996. Ta koyar da darussan a cikin dokar aikata laifuka; ilimin laifuka da ilimin lissafi; da ka'idar mata da doka a Triniti . Binciken da take so ya hada da dokar aikata laifuka da ilimin laifuka, dokar tsarin mulki, ka'idodin mata da doka, batutuwan haƙƙin ɗan adam da daidaito a cikin doka. Bacik ya zama Fellow na Kwalejin Trinity ta Dublin a shekara ta 2005. A shekara ta 2022 ta yi murabus daga matsayinta na farfesa a jami'ar. Koyaya, tun daga watan Mayu na shekara ta 2024 ta ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin jerin sunayen Farfesa Reid kuma a halin yanzu an sanya ta a matsayin mataimakin farfesa a shafin yanar gizon Kwalejin Trinity.

 Kyaututtuka 
A cikin 2019, kungiyar lauyoyin mata ta Irish ta zabi Bacik a matsayin lauyan mata na shekara. A cikin 2019, an zaba ta a matsayin 'Woman of the Year' na Irish Tatler.

 Bayanan da ke ƙasa 

 Manazarta 

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