Harshen Suyá

KĩsêdJê (Suyá, Kĩsêjê: Khersêtjê kapẽ нена [khĩˈsedʒe kaˈpẽẽẽẽ]) yare ne na Arewacin Jê (Jê, Macro-Jê) da ake magana a Mato Grosso, ta kasar  Brazil . Yana da alaƙa da Tapayúna; tare, sun kafa reshen Tapajós na Arewacin Jê . 

Kĩsêdjê yana da alaƙa da Tapayúna; : 10-2 abin da ya gabata a kan Kogin Tapajós, wanda Kĩsê djê da Tapayuna suka raba, har yanzu yana cikin tarihin baki. : 9 Bambance-bambance na sauti tsakanin harsuna sun haɗa da abubuwan da ke tattare da Proto-Northern Jê *m/*mb, *mr/*mbr, *c (a farkon), *ñ (a cikin codas), da *b (a cikin kalmomin da aka jaddada). A cikiw">n Kĩw">s, ana nuna waɗannan ƙamus a mat m / mb, mr / mbr, s, n, da p, bi da bi, yayin da Tapayúna yana da w ([w̃]), nr ([ɾ̃]), t ([t̪]), j ([j]), da w ([w]) a cikin waɗannan kalmomi.

 Fasahar sauti 

 Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi 
Kĩs ya adana ƙwayoyin Proto-Tapajós kusan ba su da lalacewa, ban da canjin sauti *t̪h > s. : 560 

 Haske 
Tebur mai zuwa ya lissafa wasu daga cikin yiwuwar farawa na Kĩsêdjê; : ban da haka, mafi yawansu na iya haɗuwa da /w/ ko /ɲ/ (a cikin kalmomin da Proto-Northern Jê etyma suka ƙunshi ɗaya daga cikin *wa, *wə̂, ko *jê, waɗanda aka bincika a matsayin ƙwayoyin rikitarwa). Hanyoyin da ke ƙarƙashin hanci suna samun matakin baki kafin ƙwayoyin baki.
+Farawar KĩsêdjêLabariLabari +rhoticDental / (Post) alveolarPalatalVelarVelar +rhoticGishiriGlottal +rhoticDakatar dafilip /p/ [p]t /t/ [t̪]tj /tʃ/ [tʃ]k /k/ [k]da ake nemath /th/ [t̠h]kh /kh/ khr / Khī/ [khɹ]da aka haifa kafin a yi aurent /nt/ [nt̪]hancim/mb /m/ [m]/[mb]Mr/mbr / m/n/nd /n/ [n]/[nd]nh/j /ɲ/ [ɲ]/[nj] ~ [j]ng /ŋ/ [ŋ]/[ŋg]Ngg /ŋɹ̃/[ŋgɹ]Fricatives /s/s][s]h (w)  /h (w) / [h (w)) ]H.Mai sautinw /w/ [w]r /ī]

 Sautin sautin 
An nuna lissafin wasula na Kĩsêdjê a ƙasa (an ba da wakilcin orthographic a cikin italics; haruffa a cikin slashes suna tsaye ne ga dabi'un IPA na kowane wasali). : Nonato (2014) ya ba da rahoton cewa babu bambancin allophonic.: Ta hanyar yarjejeniya, tilde, wanda yake wani ɓangare na zane-zane wanda ke nuna wasula na hanci, an bar shi a cikin orthography da ke biyowa , , da  (amma ba  ba), kamar yadda yake a cikin  [mɔ̃] 'don tafiya (jama'a) ". Bugu da ƙari, ba a rarrabe wasula /ī/ da /ã/ a cikin rubutun (dukansu an rubuta su a matsayin <ã>). 
MaganaHanciA gabaTsakiyaKomawaA gabaTsakiyaKomawaKusai /i/da /ɨ/u /u/ĩ /ĩ/ỹ /ɨ̃/ũ /ũ/Tsakanin Tsakiyaê /e/A / A/Ya / ya/ẽ /ẽ/An yi amfani da ita a matsayinõ /õ/Bude-tsakiyada /ɛ/A /ɜ/o /ɔ/Budea /a/ã /ã/

 Sautin murya 
Kĩsêdjê yana da wani abu mai ban mamaki inda ake saka wasula a cikin kalmomin ƙarshe waɗanda ainihin siffarsu ta ƙare a cikin ma'ana; : 128-30  ta wannan hanyar, duk maganganun sun ƙare a cikin wasula a saman a cikin Kĩsêdjê . Vowel epenthesis sau da yawa yana haifar da coda na asali zuwa lenite. Sakamakon sauye-sauye ana wakiltar su ta hanyar orthographically, kamar yadda dawe a cikin thep [ˈt̠hɛp] / thewe [ˈtę] 'kifi", wit [ˈwitō] / wiri [ˈwiɾi] 'kawai", nggrôt [ˈŋgɹot] / Nggôrô [ˈŋgɪoɾo] 'Pleiades', khẽn [ˈkhɛ̃nzar] 'dutse', 'Hwisysômy' [hwɨsomɨˈsô] A cikin kalmomin da suka ƙare a cikin wani nau'i na rhotic, ana saka wasula na echo ba tare da la'akari da ko kalmar tana cikin matsayi na ƙarshe ba, kamar yadda a cikin ngõrõ [ˈ Мәсих] 'don barci' (nau'o'in kamar *[ˈ Мәсих] ba a tabbatar da su ba).  : 128–30 

 Yanayin Yanayi 

 Ƙarshen 
Kamar yadda yake a duk sauran harsunan Arewacin Jê, aikatau suna canzawa don <i id="mwAUM">Ƙayyadadden</i> kuma saboda haka suna da adawa ta asali tsakanin nau'in ƙayyadaddun (kuma nau'in B  da babban nau'in ) da kuma nau'in da ba a ƙayyadada ba (kuma nau-nau'in A  da kuma nau-nauyin ). Ana amfani da siffofi masu ƙayyadaddun a cikin sassan matrix kawai, yayin da ake amfani da siffofin da ba a ƙayyadadden su ba a duk nau'ikan sassan da ke ƙasa : da kuma wasu sassan matrikhi.  Ana samar da siffofin da ba su da iyaka ta hanyar ƙaddamarwa da / ko maye gurbin prefix. Wasu kalmomi (ciki har da duk kwatanci ban da katho 'don barin', wanda ba a iyakance shi ba shine kathoro) ba su da bambancin iyaka.

Abubuwan da ba su da iyaka sune /-́/ (/Sai/ yawan zaɓi, wanda aka samo a cikin kalmomi masu yawa, tare da allomorph /-j/ bayan wasali /a/), /-n/ (wanda aka samo a wasu kalmomi masu wucewa), da kuma /-k/, /-m/, da /-t/ (wanda ake samu a cikin ƙananan kalmomi marasa iyaka waɗanda ke ɗaukar batun suna lokacin da ya ƙare), kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin teburin da ke ƙasa.
+Ƙaddamarwa a cikin KĩsêdjêƘayyadaddenba ta da iyakaglossƙayyadaddun /-[[/]] (/-j/ bayan /a/) moya mutuSanyazuwa  (da yawa)  AyyukaBayyanawaYanayidon kashewa (singular)  (daidai) mafarkimafarkidon ƙetarejantôA lokacin da aka haifaMatsayiratayewa  (da yawa)  pyPyrydon ɗaukar (singular)  (daidai) twâtwârâRashin tausayidon wankangrengeredon rawambambajdon sanin, don ji, don fahimtaMuhahwajdon kashewa (jama'a)  (da yawa) kapakapajdon cirewa (singular)  (daidai) kakajzuwa grill (singular)  (daidai) ƙayyadaddun /-n/rugudunzubar da ruwambâmbândon kamawa (singular)  (daidai) kakhekakhênzuwa gogewaA cikita'undon aikijandêjandênndon matsawa, don matsawajarẽjar dinya ceƙayyadaddun /-k/nakathykdon mutuwaRuwaRuwaksaukaya ɓaceHarkakdon farfadowaƙayyadaddun /-m/haka neza a iyamzuwa (singular)  (daidai) IHOKhõmdon shataZa a haife shimtsayawa (singular)  (daidai) ƙayyadaddun /-t/angjêHar ila yau, yarentdon shiga (jama'a)  (da yawa) 
In Proto-Northern Jê, several verbs derived their finite forms by means of leniting the stem-final consonant (*-t, *-c, *-k → *-r, *-j, *-r).Nikulin, Andrey; Salanova, Andrés Pablo (October 2019). "Northern Jê Verb Morphology and the Reconstruction of Finiteness Alternations". International Journal of American Linguistics. 85 (4): 533–567. doi:10.1086/704565. S2CID 204369114. In Kĩsêdjê, at least three verbs retain this pattern, though the relation between the finite and nonfinite forms has been obfuscated by a series of regular sound changes, including *-ôj > -wâj (-âj after a labial), *-c > -t.
+Ƙaddamarwa a cikin KĩsêdjêƘayyadaddenba ta da iyakaglossProto-Northern Jê finiteProto-Northern Jê ba a gama bangõrõNhondon barci*ŋõr*ñõtpâj / pâjikaramizuwa*bôj*bôcro hwâj / ro hwâjiHanyar da za a yi amfani da itadon cirewa  (da yawa)  *ba'a*ma'aikata

 Tsohon prefix na palatalizing 
A cikin Proto-Northern Jê, ƙananan kalmomi sun kafa siffofin su marasa iyaka ta hanyar amfani da ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin da aka ambata a sama da kuma tsarin morphophonological inda farkon syllable mai jaddada ya zama palatal, kuma an tashe maɓallin syllable da aka jaddada (idan zai yiwu); an danganta wannan ga tasirin prefix mai jaddar palatalizing ba tare da iyaka ba. A cikin Kĩsêdjê, wasu daga cikin waɗannan aikatau har yanzu suna bin tsarin archaic, kodayake dangantakar da ke tsakanin siffofin ƙayyadaddun da ba ƙayyadadden ba ta ɓace ta hanyar jerin canje-canje na yau da kullun.Nikulin, Andrey; Salanova, Andrés Pablo (October 2019). "Northern Jê Verb Morphology and the Reconstruction of Finiteness Alternations". International Journal of American Linguistics. 85 (4): 533–567. doi:10.1086/704565. S2CID 204369114.

 Manazarta 

Category:Harsuna 
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba