Jailani Naro

Jailani "John" Naro, wanda aka fi sani da Haji Naro ko John Naro (an haife shie 3 ga watan Janairun 1929 - 28 ga Oktoba 2000) tsohon mai gabatar da kara ne wanda ya zama ɗan siyasan Indonesia.

Ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban Majalisar Wakilai ta Jama'a, mataimakin Shugaban Majalisar Ba da Shawara ta Koli, kuma a matsayin shugaban na biyu na Jam'iyyar United Development.

 Rayuwa ta farko 
An haifi Naro a Palembang, Kudancin Sumatra, a matsayin ɗan Haji Datoek Naro, tsohon ma'aikacin Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona daga Solok, Yammacin Sumatra . PDAT (2004). "Apa dan Siapa: JAILANI Naro". Ahmad. Retrieved 23 May 2019.

A lokacin ƙuruciyarsa, ya zama memba na Sojojin Dalibai a Kudancin Sumatra . Bayan amincewar Indonesia, ya tafi Yogyakarta don karatu a Jami'ar Gajah Mada . Daga ƙarshe, bai gama karatunsa ba kuma ya tafi Jakarta don nazarin doka a Jami'ar Indonesia. Ya kuma shiga kungiyar dalibai ta Jakarta da kuma kungiyar Indonesian Bachelor Action Forum . 

 Ayyuka 
Bayan ya sami digiri, Naro ya nemi aiki a Lauyan Jiha. Bayan 'yan shekaru, ya zama Babban Ofishin Babban Kotun Jakarta da Shugaban Lauyan Jiha na Denpasar a shekarar 1962. 

 Ayyukan siyasa 

 A cikin Parmusi 
Naro ya shiga Parmusi a shekarar 1968, yayin da aka kafa jam'iyyar. Ya zama ɗaya daga cikin shugabanni na al'amuran jam'iyyar, yana wakiltar Jamiatul al-Washliah . Ya zama shugaban jam'iyyar bayan ya hada kai da Imron Kadir don karɓar jagorancin jam'iyyar daga Djarnawi Hadikusuma . Bayan ya zama mutum na farko a cikin jam'iyyar, ya kori Djarnawi daga jam'iyyar. Gwamnati ta mayar da martani a shekarar 1970 ta hanyar ƙasƙantar da Naro daga shugaban zuwa mataimakin shugaban kuma ta sanya HMS Mintaredja a kujerar shugaban jam'iyyar.

Shekaru uku bayan haka, an haɗa Parmusi cikin Jam'iyyar United Development Party (PPP), kuma HMS Mintaredja ya zama shugaban farko na jam'iyyar. Naro ya bi hanyar Mintaredja, kuma ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan mukamai na shugabancin jam'iyyar.

 A cikin Jam'iyyar United Development 

 Rikicin cikin gida tare da Nahdlatul Ulama 
Shekaru na farko na jam'iyyar sun lalace ta rikice-rikice na ciki tsakanin tsoffin jam'iyyun siyasa da aka haɗa cikin jam'iyyar. Naro da sauransu waɗanda suka fito ne daga Parmusi, sun kira kansu a matsayin ƙungiyar Muslimin Indonesia (MI) a cikin Jam'iyyar United Development Party .  Daga baya, MI ta zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙungiyoyi a cikin jam'iyyar, sau da yawa tana rikici da NU (Nahdlatul Ulama). 

Hanyar Naro ta zama shugaban jam'iyyar ta fadada bayan fitowar bangaren NU na PPP a lokacin Babban Taron Majalisar Dattijai ta Jama'a na 1978. Bayan fita, gwamnati ta kori Mintaredja a matsayin shugaban PPP ta hanyar magudi na siyasa wanda Ali Murtopo ya tsara, kuma gwamnati ta maye gurbinsa da Naro. Ba tare da wani taro ko Muktamar ba, Naro ya bayyana kansa a matsayin shugaban PPP, wanda gwamnati ta goyi bayan.

Bayan Naro ya zama shugaban jam'iyyar, ya kawar da muryar ƙungiyar NU a cikin jam'iyyar. Naro ya tabbatar da cewa babu wani daga cikin mambobin jam'iyyar da ke da tushen iko mai zaman kansa, kuma yadda ya kamata ya sanya dukkan tashoshin tallafi ga kansa. Rashin amincewa da kungiyar NU ta Naro ya zama babba saboda tashin hankali na gwamnati da sojoji ga mambobin NU, musamman kananan kamfanoni da 'yan kasuwa da ke tallafawa NU. Gwamnati ta canza goyon bayanta ga Muhammadiyah, ƙungiyar Musulunci ta zamani.

Babban ƙiyayya da Naro ya yi wa NU ya ƙare a lokacin zaben majalisar dokokin Indonesiya na 1982. A lokacin da aka kafa 'yan takara na wucin gadi don zaben majalisa a 1981, Naro ya rage yawan' yan takarar PPP daga ƙungiyar NU, kuma ya sanya sunayen ƙungiyar NU a ƙasa da jerin, saboda haka ba zai yiwu a zabe su ba. Wannan lamarin ya kara rikitarwa tsakanin bangaren MI da bangaren NU, kuma a shekarar 1984, bayan Muktamar na farko na jam'iyyar, NU ta janye daga jam'iyyar PPP.

 Muktamar na farko na Jam'iyyar United Development 
Muktamar na farko (taron) na jam'iyyar da ta ba da izini ga Naro a matsayin shugaban, ya lalace da rikice-rikice, har ma kafin a gudanar da Muktamar. A lokacin shirye-shiryen, Naro ya kafa kwamitin Muktamar ba tare da tuntubar shugaban jam'iyyar ba, Idham Chalid, wanda ya sa kwamitin ya zama mara inganci kuma ba a san shi da matsayi na jam'iyyar.

 Amincewa da Pancasila 
A cikin shekarun 1980s, Soeharto ya sa jam'iyyun siyasa su yarda da Pancasila a matsayin akidar ta kawai, ta haifar da manufar ka'ida guda ɗaya. An fara gabatar da wannan ra'ayi ne a lokacin jawabin Soeharto a taron Sojoji a ranar 27 ga Maris 1980 kuma a ranar tunawa da Kopassus a ranar 16 ga Afrilu 1980. An gabatar da manufar a hukumance a 1983, kuma an amince da ita a matsayin doka a 1985. Dukkanin jam'iyyun siyasa da ƙungiyoyin jama'a ya kamata su riƙe Pancasila a matsayin akidar ta da kuma ka'idar kawai, ta kawar da wasu akidar da aka gudanar a baya.

Kodayake gwamnati ta goyi bayan Naro kuma jam'iyyarsa ta yarda da ka'idar guda ɗaya, Naro ya ƙi wannan ra'ayi. Ya ki amincewa da canjin alamar jam'iyyar, daga Ka'aba zuwa tauraro. Wannan kin amincewa ya yi amfani da shi ta hanyar Soedardji, adawa ta ciki na mulkin Naro, don hana shi. Soedardji ya kasa hambarar da Naro daga shugaban, kuma Soedardjin ya kirkiro sabon Majalisar Zartarwa ta Tsakiya ta jam'iyyar, wanda ya haifar da dualism a cikin jam'iyyar. Soedardji ya bukaci Naro ya shirya wani Muktamar na musamman don kawo karshen rikici a cikin jam'iyyar.

 Dan takarar Mataimakin Shugaban kasa 
A matsayinsa na shugaban jam'iyyar PPP, an zabi Naro a matsayin dan takarar mataimakin shugaban kasa na wa'adin Soeharto na biyar. Naro ya sami goyon baya daga goyon bayan sojoji masu zaman kansu. Abinda ke adawa da shi shi ne Sudharmono, wanda Golkar ya zaba, kuma sojojin, wakilan yanki, da Jam'iyyar Democrat ta Indonesia sun goyi bayan su. Magoya bayan Sudharmono sun shawo kansa ya sauka daga takararsa, don Soeharto ya nada Sudharmone a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kasa, kuma za a iya kammala zaman MPR a kan lokaci.

Soeharto ya shiga cikin tattaunawar game da mataimakin shugaban kasa ta hanyar cewa "dan takarar da ya yi hasashen kansa ba zai sami rinjaye ba don zaben ya kamata ya janye". B.M. Diah ya bayyana cewa sanarwar Soeharto tana sa ran janyewar dan takarar da aka ambata "don ba da ƙarin wuri ga waɗanda tabbas suka zaba da mafi yawan kuri'u". Duk da haka, Naro ya nace kan takararsa, yana mai cewa Soeharto bai ba shi siginar sauka ba.

A ranar 10 ga watan Maris, kafin zaben mataimakin shugaban kasa a MPR, matsayi uku daga PPP sun hadu da Soeharto. Kashegari da safe, bangaren PPP ya aika da wasika ga mai magana da yawun MPR wanda ya bayyana janyewar takarar Naro don matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban kasa. An karanta wasikar a lokacin zaman MPR don zaben mataimakin shugaban kasa. Wannan ya sa Sudharmono ya zama dan takarar mataimakin shugaban kasa, kuma an rantsar da shi a wannan dare.

Bayan zaman, 'yan jarida sun tambayi Naro game da janyewar takarar mataimakin shugaban kasa. Naro ya yi iƙirarin cewa ba ya janyewa, kuma ya kwatanta kansa da ɗan dambe wanda "mai gabatarwa da shi ya dakatar da shi".

A matsayin zanga-zanga ga matsin lamba da Soeharto ya yi wa Naro, Sarwo Edhie Wibowo, tsohon janar da ke da alaƙa da Soeherto, ya janye daga majalisa. Wannan shi ne kawai lokacin da a cikin tarihin Sabon tsari ya faru a kan zaben mataimakin shugaban kasa, kuma ya karya ra'ayin Soehartoist na "sanya don cimma yarjejeniya".

 A cikin Jam'iyyar United 
Bayan sake fasalin a Indonesia, Naro ya kafa sabuwar jam'iyya a ranar 3 ga Janairun 1999, Jam'iyyar United. Ya kafa shi bayan ya yi takaici da sakamakon Muktamar na uku na PPP. Jam'iyyar United Party ta cika da ma'aikatan PPP waɗanda suka bar jam'iyyar bayan sake fasalin.

 Iyali 
Jailani Naro ta auri Ida Andalia Tirtaatmadja . Aure ya haifar da 'ya'ya uku, Muhammad Husein, Nandalia Herlanggawati, da Wulan Sari . 

 Mutuwa 
Naro ya mutu a ranar 28 ga Oktoba 2000 yana da shekaru 71. An binne shi a Kabari na Jarumai na Kalibata, Kalibata, Jakarta . Yawancin fitattun jami'ai daga zamanin Sabon Tsarin sun zo su yi makoki a gidan jana'izar. Daga cikin waɗannan akwai Sudharmono, Emil Salim, da Harmoko . 

Kafin mutuwarsa, an kula da Naro sosai a asibitin Pelni da ke Petamburan . 

 Manazarta 





Rukuni:Mutuwan 2000
Rukuni:Haifaffun 1929
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba