Inboekstelsel

Turawa ne suka kafa bautar yara Inboekelinge a Kudancin Afirka a cikin ƙarni na 18 da 19.  Kalmar ta samo asali ne daga kalmar fi'ili inboeken (rejista; a zahiri "a cikin littafi"), tana nufin buƙatun shigar da sunaye da cikakkun bayanai na inboekeling (kuma an rubuta su inboekseling ), ko masu koyo, a cikin rajistar Landdros .  Ana kallonsa a matsayin wani nau'i na bautar da masana tarihi na Afirka ta Kudu suka yi. It is widely seen as a form of slavery by historians of South Africa.  

   In some cases they were sold by Boer settlers to other burghers, in what became known as the trade in "black ivory".

Tsarin ya samo asali ne daga Yankin Arewacin Cape a cikin rabin na biyu na karni na 18, lokacin da mazauna za su kama yara na asali kuma su tilasta musu yin aiki a matsayin ma'aikatan da ba su da tushe har zuwa girma.  Lokacin da Boer trekkers yi hijira zuwa cikin Transvaal Jamhuriyar a lokacin 1840s, sun kawo inboekstelsel tsarin tare da su.  An kama yaran Inboekelinge a lokacin farmaki, ko kuma iyayensu da suka ci nasara aka ba su a matsayin masu koyo don neman fili ko kaya.  A wasu lokuta ’yan gudun hijirar Boer sun sayar da su ga wasu ’yan fashi, a wani abu da aka fi sani da cinikin “bakar hauren giwa”. 

A cikin Transvaal, inboekelings sun kai kusan 4,000 a cikin 1866, kusan ɗaya ga kowane mazaunin goma. Breckenridge, Keith. "Power Without Knowledge: Three 19th Century Colonialisms In South Africa" (PDF). University of KwaZulu-Natal. pp. 22–29. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 26 January 2014. A shekara ta 1869 Majalisar Dattawa ta Cocin Reformed na Netherland ta amince da wani kuduri na yin Allah wadai da wannan al'ada, amma ta soke shi bayan shekaru biyu bisa dalilin cewa tsarin bai wanzu ba.  A cikin Transvaal, dokar ta bukaci a saki maza daga cikin hayyacin shekaru 25, yayin da aka saki mata a 21, amma ba koyaushe ana kiyaye dokar a gundumomi masu nisa ba.

Halayen Birtaniyya game da tsarin Inboekstelsel sun kasance cikin duhu. Gwamnatin Burtaniya ta Transvaal Colony tsakanin 1877 zuwa 1881 bai shafe ta ba. 

Masana tarihi, kamar Elizabeth Eldredge da Fred Morton, sun yi jayayya cewa Inboekstelsel tsarin bauta ne. In the Transvaal, legislation required that males be released from indenture at the age of 25, while females were released at 21, but the law was not always observed in remote frontier districts. Ko da yake a da an soke bautar doka a Cape Colony a 1834, tsarin inboekstelling ya ba wa fararen fata damar ci gaba da yin aikin tilastawa.

 Nassoshi 
Rukuni:Bauta a Afirka