Fataucin mutane a Guinea-Bissau

Guinea-Bissau ta tabbatar da Yarjejeniyar TIP ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta 2000 a watan Satumbar 2007.   United Nations Treaty Collection website, Chapter XVIII Penal Matters section, Section 12a, retrieved August 19, 2024

 Tarihi a cikin 2010 
A cikin 2010 Guinea-Bissau ƙasa ce mai tushe ga yara da ke fuskantar fataucin mutane, musamman ma aikin tilas, musamman bara, da kuma tilasta karuwanci. An aika yara maza zuwa Senegal, kuma zuwa ƙarami Mali da Guinea, a ƙarƙashin kulawar malamai na Koranic da ake kira Marabouts, ko matsakancinsu, don karɓar ilimin addinin Islama. Wadannan malamai, duk da haka, suna doke da kuma sanya yara, wanda ake kira Talib, don tilasta musu su roƙi, kuma suna ba su wasu mummunar kulawa, wani lokacin suna raba su har abada daga iyalansu. UNICEF ta kiyasta cewa an dauki yara 200 daga Guinea-Bissau kowane wata don wannan dalili, kuma a cikin 2008 wani binciken ya gano cewa kashi 30 cikin 100 na daliban addini 8,000 da ke rokon a titunan Dakar sun fito ne daga Guinea- Bissau. Maza, galibi tsoffin talibés daga yankunan Bafata da Gabu, sune manyan masu fataucin mutane. A mafi yawan lokuta suna aiki a bayyane, an kare su da matsayinsu a cikin al'ummar Musulmi. Wasu masu kallo sun yi imanin cewa 'yan mata ma sun kasance masu niyya, kuma watakila an yi musu aiki a gida a Guinea-Bissau ko Senegal.

Gwamnatin Guinea-Bissau ba ta cika cikakkun ka'idoji don kawar da fataucin mutane ba; duk da haka, ta yi ƙoƙari sosai don yin hakan, duk da iyakantaccen albarkatu. Duk da wadannan kokarin, gwamnati ta nuna rashin ci gaba gaba gaba daya wajen yaki da fataucin mutane a lokacin bayar da rahoto, musamman rashin wani aiki mai tasiri na tilasta bin doka; sabili da haka, an sanya Guinea-Bissau a cikin Tier 2 Watch List na shekara ta uku a jere. 

 Amsa ta Duniya 
Ofishin Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka don Kulawa da Yaki da Cin Hanci da Kasuwanci a cikin Mutane ya sanya kasar a cikin "Tier 3" a cikin 2017  da 2023 .      US Government website, Trafficking in Persons Report 2023

A cikin 2023, Ƙididdigar Laifuka ta Ƙungiya ta lura da yaduwar aikata laifuka da kuma sabbin dokoki.Organised Crime Index website, Guinea-Bissau, retrieved August 31, 2024

 Shari'a (2010) 
Gwamnatin Guinea-Bissau ba ta kara kokarin gurfanar da kuma azabtar da masu aikata laifuka ba a lokacin bayar da rahoto. Dokar Bissau-Guinean ba ta haramta dukkan nau'ikan fataucin mutane ba, kodayake ta haramta aikin tilas a karkashin Mataki na 37 na dokar azabtarwa ta kasar, wanda ya ba da isasshen hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai. A cikin rahoton da ya gabata, Majalisar Dokoki ta Kasa ta tsara dokar hana fataucin yara, kodayake ba a karbe shi ba kafin a rushe majalisar dokoki a watan Agusta 2008. Guinea-Bissau ba ta haramta karuwanci ba. Gwamnati na iya amfani da dokokin da ke akwai don azabtar da shari'o'in fataucin mutane, kamar dokokin da suka hana cire yara, cin zarafin jima'i, cin zarafi, da satar yara, amma ba su yi hakan ba a lokacin bayar da rahoto. Gwamnati ba ta bincika ko gurfanar da laifukan fataucin mutane ba a lokacin bayar da rahoto, saboda yawancin gazawar tsarin da ya mamaye tsarin shari'a, kamar rashin ikon hukuma da cin hanci da rashawa.

 Karewa (2010) 
Gwamnatin Guinea-Bissau ta ci gaba da nuna kokarin karewa da dawowa da wadanda abin ya shafa. Koyaya, gwamnati ba ta nuna ƙoƙari na farko don gano wadanda ke fama da fataucin mutane ba. Duk da yake gwamnati ba ta gudanar da mafaka ga wadanda abin ya shafa ba ko kuma samar da wasu ayyukan da abin ya shafa kai tsaye, ta ci gaba da tallafawa mafaka ga masu fataucin yara a Gabu, samar da kimanin $ 16,000 ga kasafin kudin aiki na shekara-shekara na wurin. 'Yan sanda sun ci gaba da tura wadanda abin ya shafa zuwa wannan mafaka ta NGO, da kuma mafaka da wata kungiya mai zaman kanta ke gudanarwa a Bafata. Gwamnati ta ci gaba da kokarin, kamar yadda aka ba da izini a karkashin dokar Guinea-Bissau, don tsayar da dawo da wadanda abin ya shafa a cikin gida da kuma dawo da wadanda suka mutu daga kasashen waje. Gwamnati, tare da Gwamnatin Senegal da Ofishin Jakadancin Bissau-Guinean a Dakar, sun dawo da yara 43 a lokacin rahoton. A matsayin wani ɓangare na tsarin dawo da talibés, iyaye dole ne su sanya hannu kan kwangila tare da kotun yanki da ke karɓar alhakin tsaron yaransu, kuma suna iya fuskantar hukunci mai laifi idan aka sake fataucin yara. Gwamnati ta tsare wasu yara da abin ya shafa a cikin mafaka na sauyawa har sai da ta iya samun nasarar sake haɗuwa da su tare da dangi kuma ta tabbatar da cewa dangi ba zai shiga cikin sake fataucin yaron ba. Ba a ba da kariya ta musamman ga shaidu ba. 'Yan sanda sun daidaita kokarin dawo da su tare da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, a cikin shekarar da ta gabata suna tura wadanda abin ya shafa 160 ga masu ba da sabis na wadanda aka azabtar. Wadanda abin ya shafa sau da yawa sun kasance matasa sosai don ba da gudummawa ga kowane hukunci. Koyaya, gwamnati ta ƙarfafa dangin wanda aka azabtar da su taimaka a kowane bincike ko gurfanar da masu aikata laifuka. Ganin yarda da al'adu na aika yara maza daga gida don ilimin addini, 'yan uwa galibi ba sa son tallafawa kokarin tilasta bin doka game da masu fataucin mutane.

 Rigakafi (2010) 
Gwamnatin Guinea-Bissau ta ci gaba da yin ƙoƙari kaɗan don wayar da kan jama'a game da fataucin mutane a lokacin rahoton. Wata kungiya mai zaman kanta da gwamnati ke tallafawa ta horar da masu tsaron iyaka don gano masu aikata laifuka. Masu gadi sun tsare manya maza da ba za su iya tabbatar da cewa su ne iyayen yara da ke ƙoƙarin ƙetare iyaka ba kuma sun shirya jigilar su zuwa hedkwatar 'yan sanda a Gabu. Masu tsaron iyaka ba su tura waɗannan shari'o'in ga 'yan sanda ba don bincike, kuma an saki wadanda ake zargi da fataucin mutane yayin da masu tsaron suka tuntubi iyaye don karɓar yaransu. Kokarin hadin gwiwar yaki da fataucin mutane na kasa ya sami cikas saboda gazawar gwamnati wajen aiwatar da sabbin shirye-shirye a cikin 2009 ko karɓar shirin aikin kasa da aka tsara a baya. Kwamitin ma'aikatun, wanda shugaban Cibiyar Mata da Yara ke jagoranta, ya haɗu a kai a kai a kokarin daidaita martani na gwamnati da jama'a game da fataucin mutane, amma ba su yi wani mataki ba. Gwamnati ba ta dauki matakai don rage bukatar ayyukan Jima'i na kasuwanci ko aikin tilas a cikin shekara ba. Guinea-Bissau ba jam'iyya ce ga Yarjejeniyar TIP ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta 2000 ba.

 Manazarta 

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