Rachel Foster Avery

Rachel Foster Avery (Disamba 30, 1858 – Oktoba 26, 1919) ta kasance mai himma a cikin yunƙurin zaɓen mata na Amurka a ƙarshen ƙarni na 19, tana aiki tare da Susan B. Anthony da sauran shugabannin ƙungiyoyi. Ta tashi a matsayin sakatariya na kungiyar 'yan takarar mata ta Amurka ta kasa kuma ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen shirya tarurruka a fadin kasar.

 Shekarun farko 
An haifi Rachel Foster a Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, ga Julia Manuel Foster da J. Heron Foster, editan Pittsburgh Dispatch . Iyayenta sun kasance masu tunani na ci gaba; mahaifinta ya ɗauki matsayin cewa mata da maza su sami daidaiton albashi na aiki ɗaya, kuma mahaifiyarta ta zama mai fafutukar neman 'yancin mata na zaɓe, tana koyo daga shugabar 'yancin mata Elizabeth Cady Stanton . [1]

Stanton ya gudanar da tarurrukan zaɓe a gidan Foster, kuma mahaifiyar Rachel ta zama mataimakiyar shugabar al'ummar zaɓe ta gida.   Bayan mutuwar J. Heron Foster a 1868, Rachel, 'yar'uwarta Julia, da mahaifiyarta sun koma Philadelphia, inda suka shiga Ƙungiyar 'Yan Ƙasa ta Jama'a. 

 Sana'a 
Foster ya fara rubuta wa jaridu a kusan shekaru 17, yana aika wasiku daga California da Turai zuwa Shugaban Pittsburgh .   A wannan lokacin, ta yi karatu a Jami'ar Zurich . 

Lokacin da suka kai shekaru 19, Avery da ƙawarta, Julia Foster, an nada su mataimakan shugaban ƙasa na Pennsylvania na Ƙungiyar Suffrage ta Mata ta Ƙasa. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, an zaɓi Avery a matsayin sakatariyar hukumar ta ƙasa, ofishin da ta yi aiki bayan haka, ban da shekaru biyu. 

Yana da shekara 21, ta halarci taron 11 na garin Matan Wuri na kasar  kuma ya ci gaba da shiga cikin aikin tarurruka, a cikin 1880 da  

A 1882, ta jagoranci yakin Nebraska don gyara don ba da damar mata su yi zabe.   Daga baya, ta yada a ko'ina cikin jihar Pennsylvania kimanin kwafin 20,000 na wata lacca da Gwamna John Hoyt na Wyoming ya yi, mai taken "Kyakkyawan Sakamako na Shekaru Goma Sha Uku' Kwarewar Zaɓen Mata a Wyoming". 

A cikin 1883, Foster ya yi tafiya ta Turai tare da "Aunt Susan", kamar yadda ta kira Susan B. Anthony .  Sun bi ta Faransa, Italiya, Jamus, da Switzerland.  

A cikin Fabrairu 1888, Foster ya shirya Majalisar Mata ta Duniya  a Washington, DC, wanda aka gudanar a ƙarƙashin inuwar Ƙungiyar Suffrage ta Mata ta ƙasa. Babban aiki, majalisar ta zana wakilai daga kungiyoyi daban-daban sama da 50 daga kasashe bakwai. 

A cikin wannan shekarar, 'yan watanni bayan babban Majalisar Mata ta Duniya, wanda Avery shine sakatare, ta auri Cyrus Miller Avery, dan Rosa Miller Avery, babban mai ba da shawara ga daidaitattun kuri'a. Haka ma ma'auratan sun kasance masu ƙarfi a cikin ba da shawararsu ta daidaita zaɓe ga maza da mata, kuma an aiwatar da ra'ayinsu na daidaita ayyuka da daidaitattun haƙƙoƙi a cikin rayuwarsu ta gida. 

Daga baya Foster ya rike mukamin sakatariyar kungiyar mata ta kasa, ta Majalisar Mata ta kasa, da na Majalisar Mata ta Duniya.  

 Rayuwa ta sirri 
A shekara ta 1887, ta ɗauki yarinya, wanda ta kira Miriam Alice Foster. A ranar 8 ga Nuwamba, 1888, Foster ya auri Cyrus Miller Avery (1854 – 1919), wanda ta sadu da shi lokacin da yake wakili a taron Majalisar Mata ta Duniya a farkon wannan shekarar. An yi aurensu tare da wani limamin coci, Charles G. Ames na Cocin Unitarian, da wata limamin coci, Anna Howard Shaw, daya daga cikin mata na farko da aka nada ministar Methodist a Amurka. Baya ga Miriam, ma'auratan sun sami ƙarin 'ya'ya biyu, Rose Foster Avery da Julia Foster Avery.

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Rukuni:Mutuwan 1919
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba