Harshen Zabana

Zabana yare ne da ake magana da shie a  Oceanic wanda ake magana kusan kawai a cikin gundumar Kia a arewacin Tsibirin Santa Isabel a cikin Solomon Islands . Zabana an dauke shi harshe mai tasowa (Expanded Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale - EGIDS - matakin 5) wanda ke nufin cewa harshe yana cikin amfani mai ƙarfi, tare da wallafe-wallafen  littafi da wasu ke amfani da su, kodayake wannan bai riga ya yadu ko kuma ya ci gaba ba. Yana daya daga cikin harsunan da aka fi magana a tsibirin Santa Isabel, yana gasa da Cheke Holo . Akwai kashi 30% zuwa 60% na karatu da rubutu a Zabana a matsayin yare na farko da kuma kashi 25% zuwa 50% na karatu da  a Zabana azaman yare na biyu.

 Wurin da yake 
Zabana kusan ana magana ne kawai a tsibirin Santa Isabel, wanda shine tsibirin mafi girma a cikin asalin Isabel kuma tsibirin na uku mafi girma a jerin tsibirin Solomon. Zabana yana ɗaya daga cikin harsuna takwas daban-daban da ake magana a tsibirin Santa Isabel . Daga cikin sauran harsuna daban-daban guda bakwai da ake magana a tsibirin, Zabana tana da manyan kamanceceniya da Kokota da Cheke Holo (wanda aka fi sani da Maringe.) Hakanan an haɓaka yaren Zabana da Cheke holo kuma ana magana da shi a cikin yankin.

 Fasahar sauti 
LabariAlveolarVelarGishiriHancimnŋPlosiveptkbdFricativefshvzɣHanyar gefenlTrillɾ
Zabana kawai ya ƙunshi sassan buɗewa, tunda babu tarin ƙamus da wasula na geminate a cikin harshe. Matsi na murya a kan sauti ɗaya ba ya wanzu a Zabana; a maimakon haka, wasu sassan da ake kira sassan ƙarshe (sunan ƙarshe na kalma wanda ya ƙare a cikin wasali) ana jaddada su. Idan aka kwatanta da harsunan makwabta, Zabana tana da ƙananan alamomi fiye da maƙwabtanta, musamman Kokota . 
+Yawan bayyanar ma'anaFarkoTsakanin labaraik 17%l 13%shafi na 12%r 13%t 10%k 11%s 10%t 9%m 8%n 7%b 7%p 6%l 6%s 6%r 5%h 6%n 4%m 5%h 4%b 4%d 3%g 4%v 3%gh 4%f 3%d 3%g 2%v 3%gh 2%ng 3%ng 2%f 2%z 1%z 1%

 Yanayin Yanayi 
+KalmominTuranciZabanaDon ganiDon shaDon barciDon faɗuwaDon cin abinciTsayaDon suturaDon amaiDon gudanaDon tonowa
Akwai nau'ikan kalmomi guda biyu a cikin Zabana, kalmomi masu wucewa da marasa wucewa.

 Kalmomin wucewa: ana iya haɗa su da ƙayyadaddun abin da ke nuna abu kai tsaye ko kai tsaye.
 Intransitive verb: aikatau waɗanda ke isar da motsi na wani nau'i.

+SunayeTuranciZabanaUwarUbaGidanHanciJininIdanuKwaiKarnukaRat'Ya'yan itaceKifi
A cikin Zabana, malla ana nuna ta hanyar haɗin kai ta hanyar ma'anar mallaka da aka haɗa da sunan kamar a'a ko ka. Kalmomi kamar 'mahaifi', 'mahaifin', da 'ɗan kawun' ba za su taɓa ɗaukar ma'anar mallaka ba.
+AdjectivesTuranciZabanaRagewaRashin sanyiMai zafiRedYellowGreenBaƙar fataDaɗiMugun / muguntaMai nauyiRuwaRashin ruwa
+LambobinTuranciZabanaƊayaBiyuUkuHuduBiyarShidaBakwaiTakwasTaraGomaƊariDubban
Ana yin lambobi masu yawa ta hanyar hada lambobi masu mahimmanci, kamar ɗaya zuwa goma, da kuma abubuwan da suka shafi goma, kamar ɗari da dubu ɗaya.
TushenSauye-sauyeba ya zama 'tsarin wurin zama' 'don tafasa' 'don gumi' 'don suna' 'sunan'
Ana amfani da reduplication a cikin Zabana don samun kalmomin da ba su da ma'ana daga kalmomin da ke wucewa da kuma samun sunaye daga kalmomin.
+Kalmomin tambayaTuranciZabanaWaneneMe ya saInda/wandaLokacin da/ nawa/ nawa ne yawa/ nawa ne

 Tsarin jumla 
Zabana galibi yare ne na kalma-subject-object (VSO).

 Bayyanawa 
Ana nuna jimloli masu bayyanawa ta hanyar saukowa a ƙarshen jumla kuma an nuna tsarin jumla na asali ko umarnin kalma na jumla mai bayyanawa a ƙasa.


 Tambaya 
Akwai nau'ikan tambayoyi guda huɗu a cikin Zabana: tambayoyin polar (yes / a'a), tambayoyin abun ciki, tambayoyin madadin, da tambayoyin shakku (rhetorical). 

 Tambayar Polar: wanda aka nuna ta hanyar tashi a cikin intonation a ƙarshen jumla 
 Tambayar abun ciki: wanda aka nuna ta hanyar amfani da ɗaya daga cikin kalmomin tambaya guda huɗu da kuma faduwa a cikin intonation a ƙarshen tambaya 
 Tambaya ta daban: a Zabana yawanci ana nema ko tambayoyin budewa 

 Harshe na girmamawa 
Akwai wani nau'in harshe na Zabana wanda ake amfani dashi lokacin da ake magana da shugabannin dangi. 
TuranciHanyar da aka saba amfani da itaBabban tsariYaroIdanuBarciFall

 Kalmomi masu rikitarwa 
Ana samar da kalmomi masu rikitarwa a Za lokacin da aka yi amfani da sashi mai haɗuwa a cikin jumla, ta hanyar amfani da ɗaya da cikin haɗin daban-daban guda uku: , ga, da ba, waɗanda suke 'kuma', 'ko', da 'amma' bi da bi. Abin da ya bambanta da wannan doka shi ne haɗin , wanda ake amfani da shi don nuna jumla ko tambaya, kuma dole ne a yi amfani da  don haɗa wakilin da sunan da ya dace tare. Hakanan ana iya amfani da  a cikin jumla mai rikitarwa don haɗa sunaye biyu daban-daban.

 Hukunce-hukunce na yanayi 
A Zabana akwai nau'ikan kalmomi daban-daban guda biyu: kalmomi masu sauƙi da marasa gaskiya. Dukkanin jimloli suna amfani da ƙwayoyin  don nuna cewa su jimloli ne na yanayi.

 Mai sauƙi: wanda aka nuna ta hanyar amfani da ƙwayoyin tare da ƙwayoyi , jimloli masu sauƙi sun bayyana halin da ake ciki a Zabana.

 Manazarta 

Category:Harsuna 
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba