Harshen Adnyamathanha

Harshen Adnyamathanha (mai suna /ˈɑːdnjəmʌ testemunə/), wanda aka fi sani da Yura ngarwala da kuma Kuyani, wanda aka fi saninsa da Guyani da sauran bambance-bambance, harsuna biyu ne na Aboriginal na Australiya. Su ne yarukan gargajiya na Adnyamathanha na mutanen Kuyani, na Flinders Ranges da yammacin Flinders bi da bi, a Kudancin ƙasar Australia.

Ya zuwa Ƙididdigar ƙasar Australiya ta shekarar 2016, akwai kusan masu magana da Adnyamathanha 140, wanda ya sa ya zama harshen da ke cikin haɗari; babu masu magana da Kuyani da aka rubuta tun a shekarar 1975. An buga ƙamus na farko na harshe biyu na yaren a watan Nuwamban shekarar 2020.

Sunan maƙaryaci grub ya fito ne daga Adnyamathanha .

 Sunayen 
Wannan harshe an san shi da sunaye da yawa da bambancin rubutun sunaye, gami da:

 Adnyamathanha, Adynyamathanha, Adjnjamathanha, Atynyamat̪an̪a, Adnjamathanha da Adnyamathana, Anyamathana, Ad'n'amadana, Anjimatana, Anjiwatana, Unyamootha
 Wailpi, Wailbi, Waljbi, Wipie, sunan yaren
 Archualda
 Benbakanjamata
 Binbarnja
 Gadjnjamada, Kanjimata, Keydnjmarda
 Jandali
 Mardala
 Nimalda
 Nuralda
 Umbertana
 Yura ngarwala

 is a widely used term for the Adnyamathanha language. It translates literally to 'people speak'. However, in modern times  has come to mean 'Adnyamathanha person', rather than 'person' generally, and thus the term translates to 'Adnyamathanha person speak'.

Guyani kuma ana rubuta shi Kijani, Kuyani, Kwiani .

 Rarraba 
Yayinda R. M. W. Dixon ya rarraba Adnyamathanha da Guyani a matsayin yare ɗaya, Ethnologue, Glottolog da AIATSIS suna bi da su a matsayin harsuna daban-daban, L10: Adnyamathamha  da L9: Kuyani. 

 Masu magana 
Kimanin yawan mutanen da ke magana da Adnyamathanha ya bambanta, kodayake harshe ne mai haɗari sosai. A cewar Oates (1973) akwai masu magana 30 kawai, kusan 20 a cewar Schmidt a cikin shekarar 1990, 127 a cikin Ƙididdigar ƙasar Australiya ta 1996, kuma kimanin 140 sun ƙidaya a cikin ƙidayar shekarar 2016. 

 Fasahar sauti 
Adjnjamathanha da Guyani suna da nau'ikan sauti iri ɗaya.

 Sautin sautin 
A gabaKomawaBabbaƘananan

 Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi 
Yawancin hanci da gefen suna da allophonically prestopped.
Yankin wajeLaminalAbinda ke da ban sha'awaLabariVelarPalatalDentalAlveolarRetroflexGishiriPlosiveba tare da murya bamuryaFricativemuryaHanciHanyar gefenFlapTrillKusanci
 na iya zama allophone na .

 Tarihi 
Duk da yake Guyani mai alaƙa da shi yana riƙe da tsayawar farko na kalma, Adnyamathanha ya sha wahala a cikin tsari na tsayawa a wannan matsayi. Tsohon *p ya zama [v], tsohon *t̪ kuma mai yiwuwa kuma *c sun zama /j/, kuma tsohon *k ya ɓace gaba ɗayan   

 Harshen harshe 
Adnyamathanha yana da tsarin rikitarwa na sunayen mutum. Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban 10 na cewa mu "kai da ni" (mutum na farko), dangane da dangantakar da ke tsakanin mai magana da mai karɓa.

 Kalmomin farko (2020) 
Masanin harshe Bernhard Schebeck ya yi tafiya zuwa yankin Nepabunna a cikin shekarar 1970s, kuma ya rubuta An Adnyamathanha-English Research Dictionary a cikin shekarar 2000, wanda shine "Don masu zaman kansu, ko na ciki, amfani kawai - ba don bugawa ba". Dorothy Tunbridge, masanin harshe daga Canberra kuma marubucin Flinders Ranges Dreaming ya ziyarci yankin a cikin shekarun 1980. Dukansu sun ba da gudummawa sosai ga ilimin harshe, amma babu wanda ya rubuta duk kalmomin da aka sani ga masu magana da yankin.

A watan Nuwamba na shekarar 2020 an buga ƙamus na farko na Adnyamathanha / Ingilishi da ƙamus, tare da fassarori daga da zuwa kowane harshe. Terrence Coulthard da matarsa Josephine ne Mufa tattara shi, littafin Adnyamathanha Culture Guide and Language Book mai shafi 400  ya haɗa da bayanin ayyukan al'adu, waƙoƙi (muda), tsarin dangin Adnyamathamha da Tarihin zamantakewa.  Terrence, mai magana da Adnyamathanha, ya kasance yana tattara bayanai game da al'adu da harshe na tsawon shekaru 40, yana gina kan aikin da Schebeck da Tunbridge suka yi a baya.Skujins, Angela (9 November 2020).  Masana harsuna da sauransu daga Jami'ar Adelaide's Mobile Language Team sun taimaka wa ma'auratan su kammala aikin a kan littafin a cikin watanni 18 zuwa shekaru biyu kafin bugawa.

Coulthards suna gudanar da Iga Warta, wani kamfani na yawon bude ido na al'adu, wanda ke kusa da Nepabunna a cikin Gammon Ranges, shafin yanar gizon inda Terrence ya girma.Skujins, Angela (9 November 2020).  Iga Warta na nufin "orange na asali",  wanda masanin ilimin tsire-tsire na Ingila na ƙarni na 19 John Lindley ya kira shi Capparis mitchelii. 

 Kalmomi 

 "Witchetty grub": Kalmar witchetty ta fito ne daga kalmar Adynyamathanha ,  daga , ma'ana 'sandan da aka ƙugiya' da , ma'anar 'grub'. A al'ada yana da wuya ga maza su tono musu. Witchetty grubs suna nunawa a matsayin Dreamings a cikin zane-zanen Aboriginal da yawa.  [<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">citation needed</span>]
 Mufa - waƙar waƙa

 Bayani 

 Manazarta 




 Haɗin waje 

 Littattafan albarkatun Adnyamathanha An adana su  , a Cibiyar Nazarin Aboriginal da Torres Strait Islander ta Australiya
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba