Babban Jagora na Afghanistan

Jagoran kolin Afghanistan  (Pashto د افغانستان مشر, tarjamar boko: Də Afġānistān Damshīr, Dari: رهبر افغانستان), a hukumance shi ne Jagoran juyin juya halin Musulunci na Afganistan    wanda kuma aka yi masa lakabi da  ( Larabci, lit. '   ), shi ne cikakken shugaba, shugaban kasa, kuma shugaban addini na kasar Afganistan, da kuma shugaban Taliban .    Shugaban koli yana da iko marar iyaka kuma shine babban tushen duk doka.   

Shugaban koli na farko, Mullah Omar, ya mulki Afganistan daga 1996 zuwa 2001 kafin Amurka ta hambarar da gwamnatinsa aka tilasta masa yin gudun hijira. Shugaban koli na yanzu shi ne Hibatullah Akhundzada, wanda ya hau kujerar gudun hijira a lokacin rikicin Taliban a ranar 25 ga Mayu, 2016, bayan kwamitin jagoranci ya zabe shi, kuma ya hau kan karagar mulki a ranar 15 ga Agusta 2021 tare da nasarar da Taliban ta samu kan sojojin da Amurka ke marawa baya a 2001. – 2021 war . Tun bayan hawansa karagar mulki, Akhundzada ya ba da wasu dokoki da yawa wadanda suka kawo sauyi ga gwamnati da rayuwar yau da kullum a Afghanistan ta hanyar aiwatar da tsauraran fassararsa na mazhabar Hanafiyya ta Shari'a .

Shugaban koli yana nada da kula da ayyukan Firayim Minista da sauran membobin majalisar ministocin, da kuma alkalai da shugabannin larduna da na kananan hukumomi.

 Tarihi 
Mullah Mohammed Omar ne ya kafa ofishin, wanda ya kafa kungiyar Taliban da kuma asalin Masarautar Musulunci ta Afganistan a shekarun 1990. A ranar 4 ga Afrilun 1996, a garin Kandahar, mabiya Umar sun ba shi lakabin Amirul Muminin (أمير المؤمنين), ma'ana "Kwamandan Muminai", kamar yadda Umar ya sanya wata alkyabba da aka karbo daga haraminsa da ke birnin, in ji shi. ya zama na Annabi Muhammadu .   'Yan Taliban sun kwace iko da birnin Kabul a ranar 27 ga Satumban 1996, inda suka hambarar da shugaba Burhanuddin Rabbani tare da nada Omar a matsayin shugaban kasar. 

Taliban na kallon Al -Qur'ani a matsayin tsarin mulkinta. Duk da haka, ta amince da dastur, takarda mai kama da wata doka ta asali, a cikin 1998, wadda ta ayyana Omar a matsayin shugaba amma ba ta fayyace tsarin maye gurbin ba. A cikin hirar 1996, Wakil Ahmed Muttawakil ya bayyana cewa Amirul Muminin "na Afganistan ne kawai", maimakon halifa da ke da'awar shugabancin dukkan musulmin duniya.  

Bayan harin 11 ga watan Satumba da kuma mamayar da Amurka ta yi wa Afganistan a shekara ta 2001, Omar daga kan karagar mulki ya yi hijira zuwa lardin Zabul, kuma aka maido da shugabancin kasar a matsayin shugaban kasar Afghanistan. A shekara ta 2002 ne dai kungiyar ta Taliban ta sake yin shiri domin tayar da zaune tsaye daga Pakistan. Sun ci gaba da da'awar Omar a matsayin babban jagoransu, duk da cewa ba shi da hannu a cikin tayar da kayar baya, bayan da ya mika ragamar aiki ga mataimakansa.  Ko da yake Taliban ta ci gaba da rike ofishin babban shugaban kasar a gudun hijira, amma ba ta da wata amincewa ta diflomasiyya.

Bayan farmakin da ta kai a shekarar 2021, Taliban ta sake kwace birnin Kabul a ranar 15 ga watan Agusta tare da mayar da shugaban koli a matsayin shugaban kasar Afghanistan

 Zabi 
Majalisar jagoranci ce ke nada babban shugaba . 

 Iko da ayyuka 
A karkashin Omar, jagoran yana da cikakken iko, kuma fassarar da Taliban ta yi wa Shari'a ita ce shawararsa.

A karkashin daftarin tsarin mulkin Masarautar Musulunci ta farko a shekarar 1998, Jagoran Muminin zai nada alkalan kotun koli . 

A karkashin gwamnati mai ci, Sarkin na da ikon karshe kan nadin mukamai na siyasa, da kuma harkokin siyasa, addini, da kuma na soja. Sarkin yana aiwatar da yawancin ayyukansa ta hannun Rabbari Shura, ko Majalisar Jagoranci (wanda yake shugabanta  ), mai hedkwata a Kandahar, mai kula da ayyukan majalisar zartarwa, da nada wasu mutane a manyan mukamai a cikin majalisar ministocin. 

Koyaya, a cikin wani rahoto daga Al Jazeera, Majalisar ba ta da iko, tare da duk shawarar da Akhundzada da Majalisar Jagoran suka yanke a asirce.  Shugaban kolin yana karbar albashi mafi girma na gwamnati a Masarautar Musulunci da aka maido, a kan 228,750   a kowane wata. 

 Jerin manyan shugabanni 

NameAdditional position(s) heldTerm of office (including in exile)Took officeLeft officeTime in office1Mohammed Omar–23 April 2013 (2013-04-23) 17 years, 19 days2Akhtar MansourFirst Deputy Leader (2010–2015)29 July 2015 (2015-07-29) 2 years, 97 days–21 May 2016 (2016-05-21) 297 days3Hibatullah AkhundzadaFirst Deputy Leader (2015–2016) andChief Justice (2001–2016)25 May 2016 (2016-05-25) 4 days–Incumbent 8 years, 213 days

 Tsarin lokaci 

 Mataimakin Shugabanni 

Mataimakin shugaban kasar Afganistan, a hukumance mataimakin shugaban masarautar musulunci ta Afganistan ( Pashto,   Dari  ), shine mataimakin sarkin Taliban, wanda aka dorawa alhakin taimakawa shugaban kolin da ayyukansa. Dukkanin manyan shugabannin Taliban guda uku sun sami mataimaka, inda adadin mataimakan ya bambanta tsakanin daya zuwa uku.  Akhundzada yana da wakilai uku: Sirajuddin Haqqani, Mullah Yaqoob, da Abdul Ghani Baradar . Akhtar Mansour ne ya fara nada Haqqani a matsayin mataimakin shugaba a shekarar 2015, kuma Akhundzada ya rike shi. Bayan hawansa mulki a shekarar 2016, Akhundzada ya nada Yaqoob, dan Mullah Omar, a matsayin mataimaki na biyu. Akhundzada ya nada Baradar a matsayin mataimaki na uku a 2019. 

Tun bayan dawowar mulki a shekarar 2021 ga Taliban, Akhundzada ya kara zama saniyar ware kuma ya yi magana ta hanyar mataimakansa uku maimakon yin ganawa da sauran shugabannin Taliban. Matsakaicin damar da wakilai ke samu zuwa Akhundzada ya kara karfinsu.  

 Magana 

Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba