Senusret na I

Senusret I (Misira ta tsakiya: zn-wsrt; /suʀ nij ˈwas.ɾiʔ/) kuma an fassara shi azaman Sesostris I da Senwosret I, shine Fir'auna na biyu na daular sha biyu ta Masar. Ya yi mulki daga 1971 BC zuwa 1926 BC (1920 BC zuwa 1875 BC),  kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan sarakunan wannan Daular. Shi ne ɗan Amenemhat I. Senusret I an san shi da prenomen nasa, Kheperkare, wanda ke nufin "An halicci Ka of Re." Peter Clayton, Chronicle of the Pharaohs, Thames & Hudson Ltd, (1994), p.78 Ya faɗaɗa ƙasar Masar yana ba shi damar yin mulki fiye da shekarun wadata. 

Ya ci gaba da zazzafar manufofin mahaifinsa na faɗa da Nubia ta hanyar ƙaddamar da balaguro biyu zuwa wannan yanki a cikin shekaru 10 da 18th kuma ya kafa iyakar kudancin Masar kusa da cataract na biyu inda ya sanya garrison da stele na nasara. Senusret I Ya kuma shirya balaguro zuwa yankin hamadar Yamma. Senusret Na kafa dangantakar diflomasiyya da wasu sarakunan garuruwan Syria da Kan'ana. Ya kuma yi kokarin mayar da tsarin siyasar ƙasar nan ta hanyar tallafa wa masu yi masa biyayya. An gina dalansa a el-Lisht. An ambaci Senusret I a cikin Labari na Sinuhe inda aka ba da rahoton cewa ya garzaya zuwa gidan sarauta a Memphis daga wani kamfen na soja a Libya bayan ya ji labarin kisan mahaifinsa, Amenemhat I.

 Iyali 
Dangantakar dangin sarki sananne ne. Senusret Ni ɗa ne ga Amenemhat I. Mahaifiyarsa sarauniya ce mai suna Neferitatenen. Babbar matarsa ita ce Neferu III wanda kuma ita ce kanwarsa kuma mahaifiyar magajinsa Amenemhat II. Yaran da aka sani sune Amenemhat II da gimbiya Itakayt da Sebat. Wataƙila ta kasance 'yar Neferu III yayin da ta bayyana tare da na ƙarshe tare a cikin rubutu ɗaya. Daga baya a rayuwa an kashe mahaifinsa.

 Abubuwan da suka faru 
A cikin shekaru 18 na mulkin Senusret na kaddamar da yakin soji a kan Lower Nubia kuma ya ci yankin har zuwa Cataract na biyu. An ambaci ranar balaguron a kan stela daga Buhen. William K. Simpsonː Sesostris II, inːWolfgang Helck (ed.), Lexikon der Ägyptologie Vol.  An ambaci kamfen ɗin a cikin rubuce-rubuce da yawa na sarautar wannan sarki. Jami’an yankin da dama ne suka shiga balaguron soji. Amenemhat, gwamnan Oryx nome ya je can tare da muƙamin mai kula da sojoji. Percy E. Newberryː Beni Hasan (volume 1), London, 1893, p. 25 onlin A cikin shekara ta 25 Masar ta fuskanci bala'in yunwa da ruwan kogin Nilu ya haddasa. Wolfram Grajetzki: The People of the Cobra Province in EgyptOxbow Books. 

 Shirin gini 
Senusret Na aika balaguro da yawa zuwa Sinai da Wadi Hammamat kuma ya gina wuraren bauta da haikali da yawa a cikin Masar da Nubia a tsawon mulkinsa. Ya sake gina muhimmin haikali na Re-Atum a cikin Heliopolis wanda shine tsakiyar tsafin rana. Ya kafa ginshiƙan jajayen dutse guda biyu a wurin don bikin shekara ta 30. Ɗaya daga cikin dutsen har yanzu ya rage kuma shine mafi tsufa a tsaye obelisk a Masar. Yanzu haka yana cikin unguwar Al-Masalla (Obelisk a Larabci) a gundumar Al-Matariyyah kusa da gundumar Ain Shams (Heliopolis). Yana da tsayi ƙafa 67 kuma yana auna tan 120 ko fam 240,000.

Senusret I an tabbatar da cewa ya zama maginin wasu manyan haikali a cikin tsohuwar Masar, ciki har da haikalin Min a Koptos, Temple of Satet on Elephantine, Montu-template a Armant da Montu-template a El-Tod, inda an adana dogon rubutu na sarki. Grajetzki, The Middle Kingdom of Ancient Egypt: History, p. 38–41

An gina wani wurin bauta (wanda aka sani da White Chapel ko Jubilee Chapel) tare da kyawawan kayan agaji masu inganci na Senusret I, a Karnak don tunawa da Shekara 30 na jubili. Daga baya an yi nasarar sake gina shi daga wasu tubalan dutse da Henri Chevrier ya gano a cikin shekara ta 1926. A ƙarshe, Senusret ya sake gyara Haikali na Kenti-Amentiu Osiris a Abydos, a cikin sauran manyan ayyukan gininsa.

 Gidan sarauta 
An san wasu daga cikin manyan membobin kotun Senusret I. Waziri a farkon mulkinsa shine Intefiqer, wanda aka sanshi daga rubuce-rubuce da yawa da kuma daga kabarinsa kusa da dala na Amenemhat I. Da alama ya daɗe yana riƙe da wannan ofishin kuma wani basarake mai suna Senusret ya bi shi. . An san ma'aji biyu daga zamanin sarki: Sobekhotep (shekara 22) da Mentuhotep. Na karshen yana da katon kabari kusa da dala na sarki kuma da alama shi ne babban masanin haikalin Amun a Karnak. An ba da shaida da yawa manyan masu kulawa. An san Hor daga stelae da yawa kuma daga wani rubutu a Wadi el-Hudi inda a bayyane yake shi ne jagoran balaguro na amethyst. Ɗaya daga cikin stelae yana da kwanan wata shekara tara na sarki. Wani Nakhr ya biyo baya a ofis ya shaida wajen shekara 12 ta sarki. Yana da kabari a Lisht. Wani Antef, ɗan wata mace da ake kira Zatamun an sake saninsa daga wasu stelae, ɗaya zuwa shekara 24 wani kuma zuwa shekara 25 na Senusret I. Wani Antef ɗan wata mace ce mai suna Zatuser kuma ya kasance mai yiwuwa kuma babban ma'aikaci a cikin sarautar sarki. 

 Magaji 
An naɗa Senusret sarauta tare da mahaifinsa, Amenemhat I, a cikin shekara ta 20 na mulkin mahaifinsa. Murnane, William J. Ancient Egyptian Coregencies, Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization.  A ƙarshen rayuwarsa, ya nada ɗansa Amenemhat II a matsayin babban jigon sa. An rubuta stele na Wepwawetō zuwa shekara ta 44 ta Senusret da kuma shekara ta 2 na Amenemhet, don haka zai naɗa shi wani lokaci a cikin shekara ta 43. Murnane, William J. Ancient Egyptian Coregencies, Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization.  Ana tunanin Senusret ya mutu a cikin shekaru 46 a kan karagar mulki tun lokacin da Turin Canon ya ba shi sarauta na shekaru 45. Murnane, William J. Ancient Egyptian Coregencies, Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization. 

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