Myrlie Evers-Williams

Myrlie Louise Evers-Williams (née Beasley; an haife ta a ranar 17 ga watan Maris, shekara ta 1933) 'yar Amurka ce mai fafutukar kare hakkin bil'adama kuma 'yar jarida wacce ta yi aiki sama da shekaru talatin don neman adalci don kisan mijinta na 1963 Medgar Evers, wani mai fafutuka na kare hakkin bilʼadama. Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin shugabar NAACP, kuma ta wallafa littattafai da yawa kan batutuwan da suka shafi haƙƙin jama'a da gadon mijinta. A ranar 21 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2013, ta gabatar da kira a rantsar da Barack Obama na biyu.

 Rayuwa ta farko 

An haifi Evers-Williams Myrlie Louise Beasley a ranar 17 ga Maris, 1933, a gidan kakarta a Vicksburg, Mississippi . Ita 'yar James Van Dyke Beasley ce, mai isar da kaya, da Mildred Washington Beasley, wacce ke da shekaru 16.[1] Iyayen Myrlie sun rabu lokacin da take da shekara guda; mahaifiyarta ta bar Vicksburg amma ta yanke shawarar cewa Myrlie ta yi ƙanƙanta don tafiya tare da ita. Tun da kakarta ta uwa ta yi aiki duk rana a cikin hidima, ba tare da lokacin da za ta haifi yaro ba, Myrlie ta girma ne daga kakarta, Annie McCain Beasley, da kawunta, Myrlia Beasley Polk. Dukkanin mata biyu malamai ne masu daraja a makaranta kuma sun yi mata wahayi zuwa gare ta bi sawun su.[2] Myrlie ta halarci makarantar Magnolia, ta dauki darussan piano, kuma ta yi waƙoƙi, waƙoƙin piano ko waƙoƙi a makaranta, a coci, da kuma kungiyoyin gida.

Myrlie ta kammala karatu daga makarantar sakandare ta Magnolia (Bowman High School) a shekarar 1950. A lokacin da take makarantar sakandare, Myrlie ta kasance memba na Chansonettes, ƙungiyar murya ta mata daga Mount Heroden Baptist Church a Vicksburg . A cikin 1950, Myrlie ta shiga Kwalejin Alcorn A&amp;M & M, ɗaya daga cikin kwalejoji kalilan a cikin jihar da suka karɓi ɗaliban Afirka na Amirka, a matsayin babban ilimi da ke da niyyar ƙarami a cikin kiɗa. Myrlie kuma memba ce ta Delta Sigma Theta sorority . A ranar farko ta makaranta Myrlie ta sadu kuma ta fada cikin soyayya da Medgar Evers, tsohuwar tsohuwar yakin duniya na biyu da ta girme ta shekaru takwas. Taron ya canza shirye-shiryen kwalejin ta, kuma daga baya ma'auratan suka yi aure a Kirsimeti na shekara ta 1951.  Daga baya suka koma Mound Bayou, inda suka haifi ɗansu na farko, Darrell Kenyatta, mai suna don shugaban Afirka da aka ɗaure, Jomo Kenyatta . A Mound Bayou, Myrlie ta yi aiki a matsayin sakatare a Kamfanin Inshora na Magnolia Mutual Life . Rayuwar gida ta damu da aikace-aikacen mijinta a makarantar shari'a yayin da iyayensa suka yi adawa, Myrlie tana tsammanin ɗanta na biyu, iyalin sun ƙuntata kudi kuma ba su shirya don karuwar fallasa jama'a game da ayyukansa na haƙƙin jefa kuri'a a cikin Delta ba. An haifi Reena Denise a ranar 13 ga Satumba, 1954, yayin da Medgar ke kafa NAACP a cikin Delta.

 Rai tare da Medgar. 
Lokacin da Medgar Evers ya zama sakataren filin Mississippi na Ƙungiyar Ƙasa don Ci gaban Mutanen Launi (NAACP) a shekara ta 1954, Myrlie ya yi aiki tare da shi. Myrlie ya zama sakatarensa kuma tare suka shirya rajistar masu jefa kuri'a da zanga-zangar kare hakkin bil'adama. Ta taimaka masa yayin da yake gwagwarmaya don kawo karshen aikin wariyar launin fata a makarantu da sauran wuraren jama'a, kuma yayin da yake yakin neman 'Yancin jefa kuri'a an hana 'yan Afirka da yawa a Kudu. Fiye da shekaru goma, Everses sun yi yaƙi don haƙƙin jefa kuri'a, daidaito ga wuraren zama na jama'a, rarrabewar Jami'ar Mississippi, da kuma daidaito na haƙƙin jama'ar Afirka ta Mississippi. A matsayinsu na fitattun shugabannin kare hakkin bil'adama a Mississippi, Everses sun zama manyan manufofi na tashin hankali da ta'addanci. A shekara ta 1962, an kashe gidansu a Jackson, Mississippi, ne saboda wani shiri na kauracewa 'yan kasuwa na Jackson. An yi wa iyalin barazana, kuma Ku Klux Klan ta yi niyya da Evers. An kashe Evers a 1963 a gidansa a Jackson, Mississippi, yanzu Medgar da Myrlie Evers Home National Monument, ta Byron De La Beckwith, memba na Majalisar White Citizens a Jackson.

 Ayyukansa na baya 
A shekara ta 1964, shekara guda kafin a saki Byron De La Beckwith, ta koma tare da 'ya'yanta zuwa Claremont, California,  kuma ta fito a matsayin mai fafutukar kare hakkin bil'adama a kanta.  Ta sami digiri na farko a fannin zamantakewa daga Kwalejin Pomona .  Ta yi magana a madadin NAACP kuma a cikin 1967 ta rubuta For Us, the Living, wanda ya ba da labarin rayuwar marigayi mijinta da aikinsa. Ta kuma yi tayin biyu da ba su yi nasara ba ga Majalisa ta Amurka. Daga 1968 zuwa 1970, Evers ya kasance darektan tsarawa a cibiyar Ilimi don Kwalejin Claremont.

Daga 1973 zuwa 1975, Evers ya kasance mataimakin shugaban talla da talla a kamfanin talla na New York Seligman da Lapz .  A shekara ta 1975, ta koma Los Angeles don zama darakta na kasa don harkokin al'umma na Kamfanin Atlantic Richfield (ARCO). A ARCO tana da alhakin haɓaka da sarrafa duk shirye-shiryen kamfanoni. Wannan ya haɗa da kula da kudade don ayyukan al'umma, shirye-shiryen fadakarwa, shirye-aikacen haɗin gwiwar jama'a da masu zaman kansu da ci gaban ma'aikata. Ta taimaka wajen samun kudi ga kungiyoyi da yawa kamar Asusun Ilimi na Mata na Kasa, kuma ta yi aiki tare da ƙungiyar da ke ba da abinci ga matalauta da marasa gida.

 Darajar NAACP 
Myrlie Evers-Williams ta ci gaba da bincika hanyoyin yin hidima ga al'ummarta da yin aiki tare da NAACP. Magajin garin Los Angeles Tom Bradley ya nada ta a cikin Kwamitin Ayyukan Jama'a a matsayin kwamishina a shekarar 1987.  Evers-Williams ita ce mace baƙar fata ta farko da ta yi aiki a matsayin kwamishina a kan kwamitin, matsayin da ta rike na tsawon shekaru 8. Evers-Williams ya kuma shiga kwamitin NAACP. A tsakiyar shekarun 1990s, babbar kungiyar tana cikin mawuyacin lokaci wanda aka nuna ta hanyar abin kunya da matsalolin tattalin arziki. Evers-Williams ya yanke shawarar cewa hanya mafi kyau don taimakawa kungiyar ita ce ta tsaya takarar shugaban kwamitin daraktoci. Ta lashe mukamin a shekarar 1995, jim kadan bayan mutuwar mijinta na biyu saboda ciwon daji. A matsayinsa na shugaban NAACP, Evers-Williams ya yi aiki don dawo da lalacewar hoton kungiyar. Ta kuma taimaka wajen inganta matsayin kudi, ta tara isasshen kudade don kawar da bashin ta. Evers-Williams ta sami girmamawa da yawa saboda aikinta, gami da kasancewa mace ta shekara ta Ms. Magazine. Tare da kungiyar ta sami kwanciyar hankali, ta yanke shawarar kada ta sake neman zaben a matsayin shugaban a shekarar 1998. A wannan shekarar, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Spingarn ta NAACP.

 Sauran girmamawa 
A cikin 2017 an sanya sunan Medgar da Myrlie Evers House a matsayin Tarihin Tarihi na Kasa,  kuma a cikin 2019 ya zama Tarihin Kasa.

 Ayyukan da aka samu 
Bayan barin mukaminta a matsayin shugabar NAACP, Evers-Williams ta kafa Cibiyar Medgar Evers a Jackson, Mississippi,  Ta kuma rubuta tarihin rayuwarta, mai taken Watch Me Fly: Abin da na koya a kan hanyar zama mace da na yi niyyar zama (1999).   Ta kuma yi aiki a matsayin edita a kan The Autobiography of Medgar Evers: A Hero's Life and Legacy Revealed Through His Writings, Letters, and Speeches (2005). 

A shekara ta 2009, Evers-Williams ta sami lambar yabo ta 'yanci ta kasa daga Gidan Tarihin' Yancin Bil'adama na Kasa a Memphis, Tennessee . 

Mujallar <i id="mw1Q">Ebony</i> ta kira Evers-Williams a matsayin daya daga cikin "100 Mafi kyawun Black Women of the 20th Century". Ta sami digirin digirin digirgir na girmamawa guda bakwai.

A watan Fabrairun 2012, Jami'ar Jihar Alcorn da ke Lorman, Mississippi, ta ba da sanarwar cewa Evers-Williams zai yi aiki a matsayin fitaccen malami.
A ranar 21 ga watan Janairun shekara ta 2013, Evers-Williams ya gabatar da kiran a rantsar da Barack Obama na biyu.  Ita ce mace ta farko kuma mace ta farko da ta gabatar da addu'ar a lokacin rantsar da shugaban kasa.

 Rayuwa ta mutum 
A ranar 24 ga watan Disamba, 1951, ta auri abokin karatunta Medgar Evers .  Tare suna da 'ya'ya uku: Darrell Kenyatta, Reena Denise, da James Van Dyke Evers .  Byron De La Beckwith, memba na Majalisar White Citizens, ya kashe Evers a 1963.

A shekara ta 1976, Evers ta auri Walter Williams, mai kula da haƙƙin jama'a da kuma mai fafutukar ƙungiyar da ta yi nazarin Evers da aikinta. Sun koma Bend, Oregon, a 1993. Walter Williams ya mutu daga ciwon daji a shekarar 1995.

 Tarihin zabe 
ShekaraOfishinDemocratZaɓuɓɓukaPctJamhuriyar RepublicanZaɓuɓɓukaPct1970Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka Gundumar California 24 (zaɓe na musamman) Myrlie Evers29,24831.8%John H. Rousselot62,74968.2%1970Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka Gundumar California 24 (babban zabe) Myrlie Evers61,77732.4%John H. Rousselot124,07165.1%

 Al'adun gargajiya 

 Irene Cara ce ta nuna ta a fim din talabijin na 1983 For Us the Living: The Medgar Evers Story .
 Whoopi Goldberg ya buga Evers-Williams a cikin fim din tarihin Ghosts na Mississippi (1996).
 A shekara ta 2013, Gloria Reuben ce ta nuna ta a fim din Lifetime Betty da Coretta (ba a san ta ba).
 Myrlie ita ce sunan waƙar da aka yi wa rapper na Amurka Rapsody na 2019, "Eve (Rapsody album) ".
 Jayme Lawson ne ya nuna ta a fim din 2022 Till .

 Manazarta 

 Ƙarin karantawa 





 Haɗin waje 

 Myrlie Evers-Williams ta Myrlie evers-Wiliams ta baki video extracts a The National Visionary Leadership Project

 Appearancesa kanC-SPAN
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Rukuni:Haifaffun 1933
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