Tashin hankali a africa

Tashin Hankali a Africa 
Tarihi
Tashin hankali: wanda kuma aka sani da cicatrization a cikin ayyukan Turawa, wani lokaci ana hada shi a cikin nau'in tattooing, saboda ayyukan biyun da ke haifar da alamomi tare da launi a kasa da laushi ko launuka a saman fata. A Afirka, gwamnatocin Turawan mulkin mallaka da ’yan mishan na Kirista na Turai sun zargi al’adunsu na yin jarfa da tabo; saboda haka, ayyukan sun ragu, sun kare, ko kuma ana ci gaba da yin su azaman ayyukan juriya.

 North Africa 
Tsakanin 5000 KZ da 4000 KZ, al'ummomin makiyaya daga Sahara sun kasance yankin Neolithic Masar da Neolithic Sudan.[3] A cikin wannan al'adar kayan tarihi na yankin Kogin Nilu, an samo siffofi masu alama, wanda ke nuna cewa tattoo da scarification na iya zama al'adun gargajiya a tsakanin waɗannan al'ummomin makiyaya.

 Algeria 
A lokacin farkon lokacin Holocene (9500 BP - 7500 BP), An kirkiri zane-zane na Round Head a Tassili N'Ajjer, a Aljeriya, da kuma Tadrart Acacus, a Libya, 70% wanda ya kunshi na siffofin fasaha na anthropomorphic; Siffofin zane-zane na maza da na mata suna da alamun scarification wadanda suka bambanta; Tsarin zane na layi na keance ga nau'ikan fasaha na maza, yayin da, tsarin ƙirar wata mai siffar jinjini da mai da'irar da'ira ba su kebanta da nau'ikan fasahar mata.[7] Tsakanin karni na 5 KZ da 4th millennium KZ, zane-zanen dutsen dutsen tsakiyar Saharan na tsakiyar sahara na zanen mace mai gudu mai kaho, wanda wata ila allahiya ce ko kuma mai rawa[4] tare da alamun tabo jiki (misali, nono, ciki, cinyoyi, kafadu, kafadu, maruka), [5] ’yan Afirka ne suka kirkira su, a lokacin Zagaye na Shugaban [6] [4] na Tassili N'Ajjer, a Tanzoumaitak, Algeria.

Manazarta
Lee, Raymond L.; Fraser, Alistair B. (2001). "Gadar zuwa ga Ubangiji". Gadar Bakan gizo: Rainbows a Art, Myth, da Kimiyya. Jami'ar Jihar Pennsylvania Press. shafi na 14-15. Bibcode:2001rbra.littafi.....L. ISBN 0-271-01977-8.
Keenan, Jeremy H (2002). "Kananan alloli na Sahara". Jama'a Archaeology. 2 (3): 138. doi:10.1179/pua.2002.2.3.131. Saukewa: S2CID140954728.
Soukopova, Jitka (2019). "Mata da al'adun gargajiya a cikin Round head rock art of the Sahara". Magana (26): 54. ISSN 2499-1341.