Chien-Shiung Wu

Chien-Shiung Wu (Sinanci: 吳健雄; pinyin: Wú Jiànxióng; Wade–Giles: Wu2 Chien4-shiung2; 31 ga Mayu, 1912 - Fabrairu 16, 1997) ƴar Sinawa Ba'amurkiya ce kuma masaniyar kimiyyar lissafi na gwaji wadda ta ba da gudummawa sosai a fannin. na nukiliya da barbashi physics. Wu ta yi aiki a kan aikin Manhattan, inda ta taimaka wajen samar da tsarin raba uranium zuwa uranium-235 da uranium-238 isotopes ta hanyar yaduwar iskar gas. An fi saninta da gudanar da gwajin Wu, wanda ya tabbatar da cewa ba a kiyaye daidaito. Wannan binciken ya sa abokan aikinta Tsung-Dao Lee da Chen-Ning Yang suka lashe kyautar Nobel a fannin Physics a shekarar 1957, yayin da Wu da kanta ta samu lambar yabo ta Wolf Prize a fannin Physics a shekarar 1978. Kwarewar da ta yi a fannin kimiyyar lissafi ta haifar da kwatancen Marie Curie. Laƙabin ta sun haɗa da "Matar farko ta Physics", "Madame Curie ta Sin" da "Sarauniyar Binciken Nukiliya".Chiang, T.-C. (November 27, 2012). "Inside Story: C S Wu – First Lady of physics research". CERN Courier. Retrieved July 31, 2014.Oertelt, Nadja (June 2, 2017). "Meet Chien-Shiung Wu, the "Queen of Nuclear Research" and destroyer of natural laws". massivesci.com. Retrieved October 21, 2019.

 Shekarun baya 
An haifi Chien-Shiung Wu a garin Liuhe, Taicang na lardin Jiangsu na kasar Sin,Benczer Koller, Noemie (2009). "Chien-Shiung Wu, 1912–1997" (PDF). National Academy of Sciences. a ranar 31 ga Mayu, 1912, na biyu cikin 'ya'ya uku na Wu Zhong-Yi (吳仲裔) da Fan Fu-Hua (樊復華). Al'adar iyali ita ce 'ya'yan wannan tsara suna da Chien a matsayin farkon hali (sunan tsara) na sunan farko, sai kuma haruffa a cikin jumlar Ying-Shiung-Hao-Jie, wanda ke nufin "jarumai da fitattun mutane". Don haka, tana da babban ɗan'uwa, Chien-Ying, da ƙane mai suna Chien-Hao. Wu da mahaifinta suna da kusanci sosai, kuma ya karfafa mata sha'awarta, da samar da yanayi inda ta ke kewaye da littattafai, mujallu, da jaridu. Mahaifiyar Wu ta kasance malami kuma tana da martabar ilimi ga duka jinsin biyu. Zhongyi Wu, mahaifinta, injiniya ne kuma mai ci gaban zamantakewa. Ya halarci juyin juya hali na biyu a shekara ta 1913 a lokacin da yake birnin Shanghai inda ya koma Liuhe bayan gazawarsa. Zhongyi ya zama shugaba na gari. Ya kirkiro wata rundunar soji da ta lalata ‘yan bindigar yankin. Ya kuma kafa makarantar Ming De ga 'yan mata tare da kansa a matsayin shugaba.Weinstock, Maia (October 15, 2013). "Channeling Ada Lovelace: Chien-Shiung Wu, Courageous Hero of Physics".

 Karatu 
Wu ta yi karatun firamare a makarantar Ming De.Chiang 2014, pp. 3–5 Wu ya taso ne a matsayin yaro mai tawali'u da sanin yakamata a cikin iyali mai wadata. Ba ta yi wasa a waje kamar sauran yara ba amma sai ta saurari sabon rediyon da aka kirkiro don jin daɗi da ilimi. Har ila yau, ta ji daɗin wakoki da na gargajiya na kasar Sin irin su Analects, da wallafe-wallafen yammacin duniya kan dimokuradiyya da mahaifinta ya inganta a gida. Wu ta saurari mahaifinta yana karanta sakin layi daga mujallu na kimiyya maimakon labarun yara har sai Wu ta koyi karatu.Chiang 2014, p. 7-8

Wu ta bar garinsu a shekara ta 1923 tana da shekaru 11 don zuwa Makarantar Al'ada ta Mata ta Suzhou mai lamba 2, wacce ke da nisan mil 50 (kilomita 80) daga gidanta. Wannan makarantar kwana ce da ke da azuzuwan horar da malamai da kuma na sakandare na yau da kullun, kuma ta bullo da darussa a fannin kimiyya wadanda sannu a hankali suka zama abin sha'awa ga matashin Wu. Shiga horon malamai ya fi yin gasa, domin ba ya biyan kuɗin koyarwa ko allo kuma yana ba da tabbacin samun aiki a lokacin kammala karatun. Ko da yake danginta za su iya biyan kuɗi, Wu ta zaɓi mafi kyawun zaɓi kuma tana matsayi na tara a cikin kusan masu neman 10,000.Chiang 2014, p. 11

 Yakin basasar kasar Sin da zama na dindindin 
Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, an dawo da hulda da kasar Sin, kuma Wu ta samu wasika daga danginta, amma yakin basasa ya kawo cikas ga shirin ziyartar kasar Sin. Sakamakon yakin basasa da kwaminisanci da Mao Zedong ya jagoranta, Wu ba za ta koma kasar Sin ba har sai bayan shekaru da dama don saduwa da kawunta da kaninta da suka raye. Ko da yake Wu ba ta goyi bayan Mao ba, amma ba ta mutunta hambararren shugaban kasar Chiang Kai-shek da matarsa Soong Mei-ling ba. Wu ya ga cewa Soong ya kasance mai sanin ya kamata, yayin da Chiang, wanda yanzu ke kan Taiwan, ya kasance mai nuna halin ko-in-kula game da harkokin waje, kuma yana son barin Soong ya gudanar da harkokin diflomasiyya a gare shi.Chiang 2014, p. 197-198 Duk da haka ta yanke shawarar ba da goyon baya ga Jamhuriyar Sin ko Taiwan, saboda malaminta Hu yana da dangantaka ta kud da kud da tsohuwar jamhuriya. Saboda yakin, da yawa sun yi gudun hijira kuma yara ƙanana za su tashi zuwa Amurka, yayin da malamai a Amurka ba za su iya komawa gida ba.Johnson, Melanie (March 21, 2016). "Professor Sheds Light on the History of Science". Ta yi kewar Sin sosai, kuma sau da yawa ta kan tafi tare da Luka don siyan masana'anta don yin nata qipao, wanda a koyaushe take sanyawa a ƙarƙashin rigarta na lab don tunawa da ƙasar.Chiang 2014, p. 81.

 Manazarta 

Category:Mutuwan 1997