Qurabiya

'Gurbiya' (Arabic) kuma ghraybe, ghorayeba, ghoriba, ghribia, ghraïba, gurabija, Griyyaba,,, kurabiye, ko ko kourabiedes (Greek) da sauran maganganu da furci da yawa, irin kek ne na gajeren burodi, yawanci ana yin shi da almonds na ƙasa. Ana samun nau'ikan a yawancin abinci na Larabawa, Balkan da Ottoman, tare da nau'ikan daban-daban da girke-girke. Suna kama da polvorones daga Andalusia.

A cikin Maghreb da Masar, galibi ana ba da su tare da shayi na Libya, Kofi na Larabci ko shayi na mint na Maghrebi.

 Tarihi 
An ba da girke-girke don gajeren burodi mai kama da ghorayebah amma ba tare da almond ba, wanda ake kira a cikin Larabci khushkanānaj gharīb (kookie mai ban sha'awa), a cikin littafin dafa abinci na Larabci na farko da aka sani, Kitab al-Ṭabīīīī . [1] Kurabiye ya bayyana a cikin Abincin Ottoman a karni na 15.

Akwai muhawara game da asalin kalmomin. Wasu ba su ba da wata asali ga kalmar kurabiye ta Turkawa ba sai Turkawa, wasu kuma sun ba da Larabci ko Farisa.  Daga cikin wasu, masanin ilimin harsuna Sevan Nişanyan ya ba da asalin Larabci, a cikin littafinsa na 2009 na ƙamus na Turkiyya, daga  ko  (exotic).   Koyaya, ya zuwa 2019, ƙamus na kan layi na Nişanyan yanzu yana ba da farkon sanannun yin amfani da rubuce-rubuce a cikin Turkanci kamar ƙarshen karni na 17, wanda ya samo asali daga  na Farisa, kuki da aka yi da ruwan fure, daga , mai alaƙa da furanni. Ya lura cewa kalmomin Larabci na Siriya  /  wataƙila sun samo asali ne daga Turkawa. 

 Bambancin yanki 

 Crimea 
Tatars na Crimea (mutane na Crimea) suna kiran kukis "khurabie" (qurabiye, qurabye, къурабье, къурабие

Tatar na Crimea "kurabye" yana da siffofi da yawa, amma a zahiri yana kama da rhombus, ko haɗuwa da rhombuses biyu ko uku don samar da furen, ko kuma an yanke shi a cikin siffar crescent.

Tatars na Crimea suna shirya kurabye kamar haka: ana gauraya sukari mai foda da ghee, sannan kuma ana ƙara gari.

An gama "khurabye" gaba ɗaya tare da sukari mai foda a kowane bangare.

 Albania 

Gurabija

 Aljeriya 
Ghribia (Algerian Arabic) 

 Ghribia tare da almond
 Ghribia tare da peanutsƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta
 Ghribia tare da walnuts
 Ghribia tare da Pistachios

 Armenia 
ashi kamar burodi, kunnen alkama, ko takalmin doki wanda ke nuna lafiya, wadata, da wadata. An fi cinye shi a lokacin Easter, Kirsimeti da bukukuwan sabuwar shekara. Daga baya, an kara karin sinadaran, kamar ƙwai, cinnamon, da walnuts.

 Bulgaria 
Kurabii, sunan abincin Bulgarian da nau'ikan kuki da yawa, sanannen nau'ikan mai dadi. Musamman a lokacin hutu, kuma jams iri-iri da aka samar ta hanyar sabuwar shekara tare da kukis mai sukari da aka yi wa ado da siffofi masu kyau ana kiransu "maslenki".

 Girka da Cyprus 
Fassarar Girkanci, wanda ake kira "''kourabiethes''"  ko "kourabethes"   (Girkanci: ckbando), yayi kama da gajeren gurasa mai sauƙi, yawanci ana yin shi da almonds. Kourabiedes wani lokacin ana yin su da brandy, yawanci Metaxa, don dandano, kodayake vanilla, mastika ko ruwan fure suma sanannu ne. A wasu yankuna na Girka, ana yin ado da kourabiedes na ƙusaKirsimeti tare da ƙuƙwalwar ƙanshi guda ɗaya da aka saka a cikin kowane kuki. Kourabiedes ana siffanta su ko dai a cikin crescents ko balls, sannan a dafa su har zuwa dan kadan zinariya. Yawancin lokaci ana mirgine su cikin sukari yayin da suke da zafi, suna samar da man shanu mai sukari. Kourabiedes sananne ne ga lokatai na musamman, kamar Kirsimeti ko baftisma.

Kalmar Helenanci "" ta fito ne daga kalmar Turkiyya kurabiye,  wanda ke da alaƙa da qurabiya, dangin kukis na Gabas ta Tsakiya.

A Cyprus, ana ba da su a matsayin kyauta ga masu halartar bikin aure bayan bikin.

 Iran 
A Tabriz, ana yin Qurabiyas da garin almond, sukari, farin kwai, vanilla, margarine da kuma murfin da aka niƙa da almond. Ana ba da shi da kansa ko tare da shayi, al'ada ana sanya shi a saman shayi don sa ya zama mai laushi kafin cin abinci.
Bambance-bambance ciki har da: 

 Ghoriba tare da Cardamom
 Ghoriba tare da pistachio
 Ghoriba tare da saffron

 Gabatarwa 

 Ghoriba tare da pistachio
 Ghoriba tare da ruwan RoseRuwa mai ruwan hoda

 Libya 
Ghraïba Fassarar Larabci na Libya 

 Ghoriba tare da peanuts
 Ghoriba tare da almond
 Ghoriba tare da walnuts

 Maroko 
Ghoriba (Moroccan Arabic: ) a Maroko da sauran sassan Maghreb, shahararrun kukis galibi suna amfani da semolina maimakon fararen gari, suna ba da ƙwayoyin cuta na musamman.

asalin Ghriba an yi shi ne daga gari kuma an ɗanɗano shi da lemun tsami ko orange zest da cinnamon, ana yawan ba da wannan zaki a jam'iyyun, tare da shayi ko kofi.

 Mlouwza, an yi shi da almond da sukari da aka ɗanɗano da ruwan orange
 Ghoriba bahla
 Ghoriba dyal zite
 Ghoriba mramla

 Saudi Arabia 
Ghurēba / Ghrēba (Arabic), bambance-bambance sun hada da:

 Ghurēba tare da pistachio
 Ghurēba tare da almond
 Ghurēba tare da cardamom

 Turkiyya 
Ana amfani da kalmar kurabiye don nunawa ga biscuits iri-iri a Turkiyya, ba lallai ba ne na cikin gida, kodayake ana yin nau'ikan kurabiye daban-daban na gida; gami da necessitatbadem kurabiyesi da un kurabiyesi.

 Duba sauran bayani 


 Kaki na almond
 Wani kurabiyesi
 Hallongrotta
 Kukis na Kavala Almond
 Murabbalı mecidiye
 Nankhatai
 Osmania Biscuit
 Alamun
 Ruwan wuta
 İzmir Bomb Kurabiye
 Bethmännchen
 Şekerpare
 Jerin abincin almond
 Jerin gajeren burodi da kukis

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba

 Regional variations 

Tatars na Crimea (mutane na Crimea) suna kiran kukis "khurabie" (qurabiye,qurabye, къурабье, къурабие).

Tatar na Crimea "kurabye" yana da siffofi da yawa, amma a zahiri yana kama da rhombus, ko haɗuwa da rhombuses biyu ko uku don samar da furen, ko kuma an yanke shi acikin siffar crescent.

Tatars na Crimea suna shirya kurabye kamar haka: ana gauraya sukari mai foda da ghee, sannan kuma ana ƙara gari.

 Albania 
Gurabija

Ghribia () 

 Ghribia tare da peanuts ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta

 Ghribia tare da Pistachios

Khourabia  (Armenian) itace fassarar Armeniya wani lokacin ana kiranta a Turanci a matsayin kuki na man shanu na Armeniya ko kuki na gajeren burodi na Armeniya.   Khourabia anyi shine da kayan aiki guda uku: man shanu, sukari,da gari kuma yawanci ana siffanta shi kamar burodi,kunnen alkama, ko takalmin doki wanda ke nuna lafiya, wadata, da wadata. Anfi cinye shi a lokacin Easter,Kirsimeti da bukukuwan sabuwar shekara. Daga baya,an kara karin sinadaran,kamar ƙwai,cinnamon,da walnuts.

Kurabii, sunan abincin Bulgarian da nau'ikan kuki dayawa, sanannen nau'ikan mai dadi. Musamman a lokacin hutu,kuma jams iri-iri da aka samar ta hanyar sabuwar shekara tare da kukis mai sukari da aka yi wa ado da siffofi masu kyau ana kiransu "maslenki".  

 Girka da Cyprus 
Fassarar Girkanci, wanda ake kira "''kourabiethes''"  ko "kourabethes"   (Girkanci: κουρα__ckb____ckb________ckb__; jam'i na kourabies κουρα__que____ckbando), yayi kama da gajeren gurasa mai sauƙi,yawanci ana yin shida almonds.  Kourabiedes wani lokacin anayin su da brandy,yawanci Metaxa, don dandano, kodayake vanilla, mastika ko ruwan fure suma sanannu ne. A wasu yankuna na Girka,ana yin ado da kourabiedes na Kirsimeti tare da ƙuƙwalwar ƙanshi ƙusa ɗaya da aka saka a cikin kowane kuki. Kourabiedes ana siffanta su ko dai a cikin crescents ko balls,sannan a dafasu har zuwa dan kadan zinariya. Yawancin lokaci ana mirgine su cikin sukari yayin da suke da zafi,suna samar da man shanu mai sukari. 

Kalmar Helenanci "" ta fito ne daga kalmar Turkiyya kurabiye,  wanda ke da alaƙa da qurabiya,dangin kukis na Gabas ta Tsakiya.

A Cyprus, ana bada su a matsayin kyauta ga masu halartar bikin aure bayan bikin.

A Tabriz, ana yin Qurabiyas da garin almond, sukari,farin kwai, vanilla, margarine da kuma murfin da aka niƙa da almond. Ana bada shi da kansa ko tare da shayi, al'ada ana sanya shi a saman shayi don sa ya zama mai laushi kafin cin abinci.

Ghoriba (Moroccan Arabic: ) a Maroko da sauran sassan Maghreb,shahararrun kukis galibi suna amfani da semolina maimakon fararen gari,suna bada ƙwayoyin cuta na musamman.

asalin Ghriba anyi shine daga gari kuma an ɗanɗano shi da lemun tsami ko orange zest da cinnamon, ana yawan ba da wannan zaki a jam'iyyun, tare da shayi ko kofi.

 Mlouwza, anyi shi da almond da sukari da aka ɗanɗano da ruwan orange

Ghurēba / Ghrēba (Arabic),bambance-bambance sun hada da:
Ana amfani da kalmar kurabiye don nunawa ga biscuits iri-iri a Turkiyya,ba lallai ba ne na cikin gida, kodayake ana yin nau'ikan kurabiye daban-daban na gida; gami da necessitatbadem kurabiyesi da un kurabiyesi.

 Ghraïba homs,wanda akayi da garin chickpeaGurasar chickpea