Shugaban Kasar na har abada

Shugaban mulkin mulaka'u ko shugaban kasa na rayuwa wani lakabi ne da wasu shugabannin suka ɗauka ko kuma aka ba su don ƙara wa'adinsu har zuwa mutuwarsu. Taken wani lokaci yana ba wa mai riƙe da haƙƙin nada ko nada wanda zai gaje shi. Amfani da taken " shugaban rayuwa" maimakon taken mulkin kama-karya na al'ada yana nuna rusa mulkin dimokuradiyya ta masu taken (ko da yake ba a bukatar jamhuriyar su zama dimokiradiyya a kowace rana ). Hakika, wani lokacin shugaban kasa na rayuwa zai iya ci gaba da kafa masarauta mai cin gashin kansa, irin su Jean-Jacques Dessalines da Henry Christophe a Haiti .

 Mulkin Mulki 
Ana iya ɗaukar shugaba na rayuwa a matsayin mai mulkin kama-karya.

Yawancin shugabannin da suka ayyana kansu a matsayin shugaban kasa har abada ba su sami nasarar ci gaba da yin aiki na tsawon rai ba. Yawancinsu an sauke su ne kafin su mutu, wasu kuma sun sami nasarar zama shugaban kasa ta hanyar kashe su a lokacin da suke kan mulki. Duk da haka, wasu sun yi nasarar yin mulki har sai sun mutu, ciki har da José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia na Paraguay, Alexandre Pétion da François Duvalier na Haiti, Rafael Carrera na Guatemala, Josip Broz Tito na Yugoslavia, da Saparmurat Niyazov na Turkmenistan . Wasu kuma sun yi yunƙurin ba da nasara a naɗa kansu a matsayin shugaban ƙasa har abada, kamar Mobutu Sese Seko na Zaire a 1972. 

Wasu shugabannin da suka dade suna mulkin kama karya an yi kuskuren kwatanta su a matsayin shugabanni na rayuwa. Ba a taɓa ba su wa'adin rayuwa a hukumance ba kuma, a zahiri, sun tsaya lokaci-lokaci don sake zaɓe. Duk da haka, a mafi yawan lokuta, waɗannan zaɓen na bogi ne wanda ya ba su tabbacin sake tsayawa takara.

 Jerin shugabannin da suka zama shugaban kasa har abada 
Lura: Kwanan wata na farko da aka jera a kowace shigarwa ita ce ranar ayyana matsayin matsayin Shugaban Rayuwa.
PortraitNameCountryTitleTook officeLeft officeNotes166x166pxToussaint Louverture French Saint-DomingueGovernor for Life of Saint-Domingue18011802Deposed 1802, died in exile in France 1803.135x135pxHenri ChristophePresident for Life of Haiti (Northern)18071811Became King 1811, committed suicide while reigning 1820.134x134pxJosé Gaspar Rodríguez de FranciaPerpetual Supreme Dictator of Paraguay18161840Died in office 1840.119x119pxAlexandre PétionPresident for Life of Haiti (Southern)18161818Died in office 1818.132x132pxJean-Pierre BoyerPresident for Life of Haiti18181843Became President for Life immediately upon assuming the office because Alexandre Pétion's constitution provided for a life presidency for all his successors, deposed 1843, died 1850.145x145pxAntonio López de Santa Anna (Second Federal Republic)President for Life of Mexico18531855Resigned 1855, died 1876.136x136pxRafael Carrera GuatemalaPresident for Life of Guatemala18541865Died in office 1865.133x133pxAdolf Hitler (Third Reich)Chancellor and Führer for life19341945Committed suicide in office 1945.122x122pxTupua Tamasese MeaʻoleO le Ao o le Malo for Life of Samoa19621963Died in office 1963, elected to serve alongside Tanumafili II (see below). The position of O le Ao o le Malo (head of state) is ceremonial; executive power is exercised by the Prime Minister, and Samoa is a parliamentary democracy.126x126pxMalietoa Tanumafili II2007Died in office 2007, elected to serve alongside Meaʻole (see above).144x144pxSukarno (Guided Democracy era)Supreme Commander, Great Leader of Revolution, Mandate Holder of the Provisional People's Consultative Assembly, and President for Life of Indonesia19631966Designated as President for Life according to the Ketetapan MPRS No. III/MPRS/1963, life term removed 1966, deposed 1967, died under house arrest 1970.150x150pxKwame NkrumahPresident for Life of Ghana19641966Ousted in 1966, died in exile in Romania 1972.133x133pxFrançois "Papa Doc" DuvalierPresident for Life of Haiti19641971Died in office 1971, named his son as his successor (see below).133x133pxJean-Claude "Baby Doc" Duvalier19711986Named by his father as successor (see above), deposed 1986, died 2014.135x135pxHastings BandaPresident for Life of Malawi19711993Life term removed 1993, voted out of office 1994, died 1997.146x146pxJean-Bédel BokassaPresident for Life of the Central African Republic19721976Became Emperor 1976 (crowned 1977), deposed 1979, died 1996.147x147pxFrancisco Macías NguemaPresident for Life of Equatorial Guinea19721979Deposed and executed 1979.150x150pxFerdinand Marcos (Martial law regime)President for Life of the Philippines19731981Life term removed 1981, deposed 1986, died in exile 1989.139x139pxJosip Broz TitoPresident for Life of Yugoslavia19741980Appointed as President for Life according to the 1974 Constitution, died in office 1980.151x151pxHabib BourguibaPresident for Life of Tunisia19751987Deposed 1987, died under house arrest 2000.132x132pxIdi Amin (Second Republic)President for Life of Uganda19761979Deposed 1979, died in exile in Saudi Arabia 2003.100x100pxLennox Sebe South Africa()President for Life of Ciskei19831990Deposed 1990, died 1994.151x151pxSaparmurat NiyazovPresident for Life of Turkmenistan19992006Died in office 2006.

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