Paratha

Paratha (  , Har ila yau, parantha / parontah) ɗan lebur ɗan ƙasa ne ga yankin kasar Indiya,   tare da ambaton farko da aka ambata a farkon tsakiyar Sanskrit, Indiya ;  ya mamaye ko'ina cikin al'ummomin zamani na Indiya, Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, Maldives, Afghanistan, Myanmar,  Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Mauritius, Fiji, Guyana, Suriname, da Trinidad da Tobago inda alkama take. kayan abinci na gargajiya . Yana daya daga cikin shahararrun gurasar lebur a cikin yankin Indiya da Gabas ta Tsakiya .   Paratha shine hadewar kalmomin parat da atta, wanda a zahiri yana nufin yadudduka na dafaffen kullu .  Madadin rubutun kalmomi da sunaye sun haɗa da parantha, parauntha, prontha, parontay, paronthi ( Punjabi ), porota (a Bengali ), paratha (a cikin Odia, Urdu, Hindi ), palata (  ; a Myanmar),  porotha (a cikin Assamese ), forota (a cikin Chittagonian da Sylheti ), faravatha (a Bhojpuri), farata (a Mauritius da Maldives ), prata (a kudu maso gabashin Asiya), paratha, buss-up shut, roti mai (a cikin Anglophone Caribbean ) da roti canai a Malaysia da Indonesia.

 Asalin Suna 
Kalmar paratha ta samo asali ne daga Sanskrit (S. पर, ko परा+स्थः, ko स्थितः).  Girke-girke na daban-daban cushe alkama puran polis (wanda Achaya (2003) ya bayyana a matsayin parathas) aka ambata a cikin Manasollasa, a karni na 12 Sanskrit encyclopedia wanda Someshvara III, wani Western Chalukya sarki, wanda ya yi mulki daga Karnataka na yau, India .  Nijjar (1968) ya ambaci nassoshi game da paratha, a cikin littafinsa Panjāb a ƙarƙashin Sultans, 1000-1526 AD lokacin da ya rubuta cewa parathas sun kasance gama gari tare da manyan mutane da manyan sarakuna a Punjab. 

 Tarihi 
A cewar Banerji (2010), parathas suna da alaƙa da dafa abinci na Arewacin Indiya. Hanyar ita ce cusa parathas tare da kaya iri-iri. Koyaya, jihohin Banerji, Mughals suma sun kasance suna son parathas wanda ya haifar da Dhakai paratha, mai yawa da kuma laushi, suna ɗaukar suna daga Dhaka a Bangladesh .  O'Brien (2003) ya ba da shawarar cewa ba daidai ba ne a faɗi cewa paratha ya shahara a Delhi bayan rabuwar Indiya a 1947, saboda wannan abu ya zama ruwan dare a Delhi kafin lokacin. 

 Filaye da cushe iri 


Parathas na ɗaya daga cikin shahararren biredi marar yisti a cikin yankin Indiya, wanda ake yin shi ta hanyar yin burodi ko dafa alkama gaba ɗaya ( atta ) a kan tava, da kuma ƙarewa tare da soya mai zurfi .  Parathas na fili sun fi chapatis / rotis girma kuma suna da mahimmanci saboda an shafe su ta hanyar shafa su da ghee ko mai kuma a nannade su akai-akai, kamar hanyar da ake amfani da su don irin kek ko dabarar kullu, kuma a sakamakon haka suna da daidaito. Cikakkun parathas na iya haɗawa da nau'ikan sinadarai iri-iri kuma a shirya su cikin salo iri-iri, bisa ga al'ada ya danganta da yankin asali, kuma maiyuwa ba za a yi amfani da dabarun kullu mai naɗewa ba.

Ana amfani da fasahohin gargajiya da dama don cimma kullu mai laushi don parathas na fili.  Waɗannan sun haɗa da rufe irin kek ɗin da aka yi birgima da mai, a naɗewa da baya da baya kamar fanfo na takarda da murɗa ɗigon da aka samu zuwa siffar zagaye kafin a yi birgima, yin gasa a kan tava da/ko soyawa. Wata hanya kuma ita ce a yanke da'irar kullu daga tsakiya zuwa kewayenta tare da radius, a shafa mai a cikin kullun a fara daga gefuna da aka yanke ta yadda za a yi mazugi wanda aka niƙa shi da siffar diski a narkar da shi. Hanyar mai da kuma ninka kullu akai-akai kamar yadda yake a cikin irin kek na yamma kuma akwai, kuma wannan yana hade da tsarin nadawa wanda ke ba da siffofi na geometric na gargajiya zuwa ga gama parathas. Parathas na iya zama zagaye, heptagonal, square, ko triangular.[ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2023)">abubuwan da ake bukata</span> ]

Abubuwan da ake cikawa na yau da kullun sun haɗa da mashed dankalin turawa ( aloo paratha ), dal, farin kabeji ( gobi paratha ), da ɗan rago ( keema paratha ). Ƙananan abubuwan shayarwa sun haɗa da gauraye kayan lambu, koren wake, karas, sauran nama, kayan lambu na ganye, radishes, da paneer . Rajasthani mung wake paratha yana amfani da dabarar shimfidawa tare da mung dal gauraye a cikin kullu. Wasu cushe parathas ba a lissafta su ba, ba su da flakiness na parathas na fili, kuma a maimakon haka sun yi kama da cikakkun kek ɗin da aka soyayye da soyayyen, ta amfani da fayafai guda biyu na kullu da aka rufe a gefuna. A madadin, ana iya yin su ta hanyar yin amfani da fayafai guda ɗaya na kullu don haɗa ƙwallon cikawa kuma a rufe su tare da jerin gwanon da aka liƙa a cikin kullu a kusa da saman; sai a yi musu shimfida a hankali tare da tafin hannu a saman wurin aiki kafin a mirgina su cikin da'ira.[ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2023)">abubuwan da ake bukata</span> ]

 Yin hidima 
Paratha wani muhimmin bangare ne na karin kumallo na gargajiya daga yankin Indiya. A al'adance, ana yin ta ne ta hanyar amfani da ghee amma kuma ana amfani da mai. Wasu ma suna iya gasa shi a cikin tanda saboda dalilai na lafiya. Yawancin lokaci, ana cinye paratha tare da dollops na farin man shanu a samansa. Abincin da aka saba amfani da su shine curd, soyayyen kwai, omelette, kheema naman naman (naman naman ƙasa dafa shi da kayan lambu da kayan yaji), nihari, jeera aloo (dankali da aka soya da ɗanɗano da cumin tsaba), daal, da raita a matsayin wani ɓangare na abincin karin kumallo. Ana iya cusa shi da dankali, paneer, albasa, qeema ko barkono barkono .

 Nau'ukan 

 Aloo paratha (wanda aka cika da dafaffen dankalin turawa da kayan yaji da albasa).
 Chili parotha ko mirchi paratha (wanda ya haɗa da ƙanana, yanki shredded mai yaji)
 Dulhan paratha (wanda ya samo asali daga Hyderabad, Sindh ), mai suna don gabatarwa mai mahimmanci, wanda ke tunawa da kyan gani na amarya ('dulhan' a Urdu); wannan tasa an san shi da haɗuwa da abubuwan dandano. 
 Gobi paratha (cushe da farin kabeji)
 Paneer paratha (cushe da cukuwar manomi)
 Keema paratha (wanda ke cike da keema, naman ƙasa mai yaji yawanci ana yin shi da kaza ko rago)
 Pyaz paratha (wanda aka cika da albasa mai ɗanɗano)
 Cheese paratha (cushe da cuku)
 Mughlai paratha (wani soyayyen paratha mai cike da kwai da nikakken nama, daga Bangladesh da West Bengal na Indiya)
 Petai paratha (mai bakin ciki, mai laushi da fashe paratha daga West Bengal, Indiya)
 Dhakai paratha (paratha mai laushi daga Bangladesh da West Bengal na Indiya)
 Murthal paratha, soyayyen soyayyen; dhabas na Haryana kuma musamman a Murthal a kan Grand Trunk Road sun shahara da wannan   
 Roti prata (Singapore)
 Roti canai (Malaysia da Indonesia)
 Buss-up-shut (Trinidad; sunan Trinidadian Creole don "shirt mai tsalle", don kamannin gurasar shreddy da tsofaffin tufafi)

 Duba kuma 


 Manazarta