Sauran rubutun mata

Womxn da womyn wasu maganganun siyasa ne na kalmar Turanci mace, wanda wasu 'yan mata ke amfani da ita. Akwai wasu rubutun, ciki har da womban (ma'anar mahaifa ko mahaifa) ko womon (singular), da wombyn ko wimmin ('''''mata''''''a). Wasu marubutan da ke amfani da irin wannan madadin rubutun, suna guje wa ma'anar "-mutum" ko "-"-man"", suna ganin su a matsayin furcin 'yancin mata da kuma ƙin al'adun da ke bayyana mata ta hanyar ambaton ma'auni na namiji.

Wadannan sake rubutun sun kasance tare da amfani da tarihin, sake jarrabawar mata da sake ba da labarin game da tarihi.

 Ma'anoni 
The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) ya bayyana mata a matsayin "a cikin amfani da mata: mata".

OED ta kara womxn a cikin 2021, kuma ta bayyana shi a matsayin "wasu sun karbe shi a matsayin madadin da ya fi dacewa da mata, wanda ake ganin yana ware wasu kungiyoyi, musamman 'yan tsiraru da mata masu canza launin fata". Dictionary.com ya kara womxn a cikin ƙamus dinsa a cikin 2019 tare da ma'anar "an yi amfani da ita, musamman a cikin mata masu tsinkaye, a matsayin madadin rubutun don kauce wa shawarar jima'i da aka fahimta a cikin jerin m-a-n da m-e-n, da kuma hada da mutanen da ba na binary ba. "

Duba kuma:




 Rikici 
An soki kalmomin womyn da womxn saboda rashin amfani ko rikice-rikice, saboda rashin daidaituwa na mxn don bayyana maza">mata.

Kalmar womyn ta soki ta hanyar masu canza launin fata  saboda amfani da ita a cikin ƙungiyoyin mata masu tsattsauran ra'ayi waɗanda ke ware mata masu canza launin toka daga ganowa cikin rukunin "mata", musamman kalmar mace da aka haifa. Kalmar wombyn kuma an soki ta musamman daga masu ba da shawara game da trans tunda yana nuna cewa mace dole ne ta sami mahaifar zama mace.

Wasu 'yan mata masu hada-hadar mata suna jayayya da kalmar womxn a matsayin mafi hada-hadare ga <i id="mwkw">mata</i> masu canza launin fata, wadanda ba na binary ba, da mata masu hada kai,    yayin da wasu' yan mata masu hada baki ke sukar kalmar womxN saboda ma'anar cewa mata masu canza ra'ayi ba mata ba ne amma wani rukuni ne daban, ko kuma don nuna cewa mutanen da ba na binari mata ne. Jennie Kermode, shugaban Trans Media Watch, ya bayyana a cikin 2018 cewa kungiyar ba za ta yi amfani da kalmar womxn ba, la'akari da cewa mata sun riga sun haɗa da mata masu canza launin fata.

 Tsohon Turanci 
The word woman is derived from the Old English word  ('woman-person'), which is formed from  (the source of wife), then meaning 'woman', and  (the source of man), then meaning 'person, human', originally without connotations of gender. Man took on its additional masculine meaning in the Late Middle English period, replacing the now-obsolete word . This has created the present situation with man bearing a dual meaning—either masculine or nonspecific.

Tsohon Ingilishi yana da tsarin Jima'i na ilimin lissafi, inda ake bi da kowane sunan a matsayin namiji, mace ko tsaka-tsaki, kamar Jamusanci na zamani. A cikin tsohuwar asalin Ingilishi, kalmar Mutumin ta kasance namiji ne amma ba ta da ma'ana ga jinsi. Ɗaya daga cikin ma'anoninsa yayi kama da amfani da harshen Ingilishi na zaman na "daya" a matsayin wakilin da ba shi da iyaka (idan aka kwatanta da 'Yan Adam (mutum + nau'i), wanda ke nufin tseren ɗan adam, da kuma Mutumin Jamusanci, wanda ya riƙe wakilin da bai iyaka ba har zuwa yau).   An yi amfani da kalmomin wer da wīf, idan ya cancanta, don bayyana namiji ko mace, bi da bi. Haɗakar da su cikin werman ko wīfman ya bayyana manufar "kowane mutum" ko "kowane mace".   Wasu marubutan mata sun ba da shawarar cewa wannan amfani mai ma'ana ya nuna karin ra'ayoyin daidaito na jinsi a lokacin.

 Amfani da ƙarni na 18 da 19 
George P. Krapp (1872-1934), masanin ilimin Ingilishi na Amurka, ya ɗauki kalmar wimmin a matsayin Yaren ido, dabarar wallafe-wallafen amfani da rubutun da ba daidai ba wanda ke nuna furcin kalmar da aka ba shi wanda a zahiri ya dace. Maganar ta nuna cewa magana ta halin gabaɗaya yare ne, na ƙasashen waje, ko kuma ba su da ilimi. Wannan nau'in rubutun da ba daidai ba ya bambanta da wasu saboda bambancin rubutun ba ya nuna bambanci a furcin kalma. Wato, yare ne ga ido maimakon kunne. Yana nuna cewa wani hali "zai yi amfani da furcin da ba shi da kyau idan akwai daya" kuma "yana a matakin jahilci inda mutum ya yi kuskure a cikin wannan salon, saboda haka yana da kuskuren furci".

Kalmar womyn ta bayyana a matsayin Tsohon Scots rubutun 'mace'  a cikin waƙoƙin Scots na James Hogg . Kalmar wimmin ta bayyana a cikin fassarar ƙarni na 19 na Black American English, ba tare da wata muhimmancin mata ba.  

 Karni na 20: raƙuman mata na biyu da mata 
Rukunin na biyu sun haɓaka wasu nau'ikan siyasa na kalmar mace, musamman womyn .  Keridwen Luis, masanin ilimin zamantakewa a Jami'ar Brandeis, ya bayyana cewa 'yan mata sun yi gwaji shekaru da yawa don tsara madadin da ya dace don kalmar da ke nuna jinsi na mata. Irin waɗannan kalmomin sun mata da wimmin (a cikin shekarun 1990), bisa ga asalin kalmar Tsohon Turanci, da kuma womyn (tun aƙalla 1975).   

Amfani da "womyn" a matsayin rubutun mata na mata (tare da womon a matsayin nau'i ɗaya) ya fara bayyana a bugawa a 1976 yana nufin bikin kiɗa na farko na Michigan Womyn.  Wannan ya faru ne bayan da aka kafa gidan kofi na Mountain Moving don Womyn da Yara, wani taron zamantakewar mata na mata wanda ke kewaye da kiɗa na mata. Dukkanin shekara-shekara "MichFest" da Gidan kofi na mako-mako suna gudanar da manufofin mace (mata masu jima'i kawai). Ƙasar Womyn wani amfani ne na kalmar, wanda ke da alaƙa 'Yan mata masu rabuwa.

Budapest ta inganta amfani da kalmar wimmin (mace mai ban sha'awa) a cikin shekarun 1970s a matsayin wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar Dianic Wicca, wanda ke da'awar cewa shugabanci na yau yana wakiltar faduwa daga Zamanin zinariya.

Millie Tant, wani hali ne na almara a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Burtaniya Viz, sau da yawa yana amfani da kalmar wimmin lokacin da yake tattauna haƙƙin mata.

 Shekaru na 2010: raƙuman mata na huɗu da kuma womxn 
A tsakiyar shekarun 2010, mata na huɗu sun mayar da hankali kan intersectionality kuma sun yi muhawara ko amfani da womxn a matsayin kalmar da ta fi hada da mata masu canza launin fata, ko kuma guje wa womxn saboda yana nuna cewa mata masu canza launi ba mata ba ne.
A cikin 2017, Maris na Womxn a Seattle ya zaɓi yin amfani da kalmar "womxn" don inganta tafiyar. Elizabeth Hunter-Keller, kujerar sadarwa ta taron, ta gaya wa The New York Times cewa sun zaɓe shi bisa ga shawarar babban mai shirya, wanda ba mutum ne mai binary ba, kuma don nuna bambancin ƙungiyar shirya. mata Harker, masanin ilimin zamantakewa kuma mai shirya tafiyar ya yaba da kalmar womxn saboda rashin tabbas a cikin furcinsa, yana cewa yana tilasta masu amfani su "dakatar da tunani". Jaridar Boston Globe, da ke ba da rahoto game da tafiyar, ta kira kalmar womxn "mai iko, mai karuwa da sanannen lakabi, wanda ya ƙunshi nau'ikan jinsi fiye da 'mata ' - ko ma tsofaffin kalmomin mata kamar 'womyn' ... rubutun da ba na gargajiya ba ga mutanen da asalin jinsi bai dace da akwatunan gargajiya ba".

A watan Janairun 2018, Portland ta gudanar da Maris na Womxn na asali, wanda aka sadaukar da shi ga 'yan mata, mata, da masu canza launin fata da suka ɓace kuma suka kashe.

A cikin 2018, ƙungiyoyin jami'o'i na ɗalibai a Amurka da Burtaniya sun yi amfani da womxn a cikin sadarwa, kamar talla don "Womxn's Basketball Session" da "Womwn of Color Network".  

A cikin 2018, tarin Wellcome, gidan kayan gargajiya da ɗakin karatu a London, sun yi sanarwa ta hanyar Twitter ta amfani da kalmar womxn don nuna burinsu na hada ra'ayoyi daban-daban; bayan korafe-korafe daga daruruwan mabiya, gidan kayan tarihi daga baya ya nemi gafara kuma ya cire kalmar daga shafin yanar gizon sa. Dan siyasar Jam'iyyar Labour Jess Phillips ya amsa lamarin ta hanyar cewa, "Ban taɓa saduwa da wata mace mai canza launin fata wacce aka yi wa fushi da kalmar da ake amfani da ita, don haka ban tabbata ba dalilin da ya sa wannan ke ci gaba da faruwa". Clara Bradbury-Rance na King's College London ya yi hasashen cewa tura baya saboda ana ganin amfani da kalmar a matsayin mai sauƙi da kuma "tsayawa-duk".

A cikin mata kasida ta Styles ta 2019 da aka buga a cikin The New York Times, 'yar jarida Breena Kerr ta bayyana cewa yayin da womxn ke da wuyar furta, "watakila kalma mafi ƙayyadaddun har yanzu".

A ranar 1 ga Maris, 2021, dandalin gudana na Twitch ya yi amfani da kalmar womxn don inganta abubuwan da ke bikin Watan Tarihin mata. An sanar da taron ta hanyar Twitter, wanda ya haifar da martani nan da nan daga masu amfani daban-daban waɗanda suka yi la'akari da kalmar transphobic don nuna cewa mata masu canza launin fata ba mata ba ne amma wani rukuni daban (womxn). Twitch ya cire tweet kuma ya nemi gafara, yana mai cewa suna so su yi amfani da kalmar don amincewa da gazawar harshe na jinsi-binary kuma za su yi amfani le kalmar "mata" suna ci gaba.

 Duba kuma 


 Canjin harshe na mata
 Harshe mai tsaka-tsaki da jinsi
 Ilimin harshe na LGBT
 Mutum (kalma) 
 Mu Moon
 Yarinya da aka haifa
 Bayyanawa
 Mata na huɗu
 Canjin mata
 Jerin batutuwan da suka shafi transgender
 Latinx
 Labarin ta
 Ƙasar Womyn

 Manazarta 

 Ƙarin karantawa 

 Sol Steinmetz. "Womyn: The Evidence," American Speech, Vol. 70, No. 4 (Winter 1995), pp. 429–437. doi:10.2307/455626. .
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