Mulkin umayyad a arewacin afrika

Mulkin Umayyawa a Arewacin Afirka ko Umayyad Ifriqiya lardin ne na Khalifancin Banu Umayyawa (661-750) a zamanin tarihi da ta yi mulkin yankin yammaci da tsakiyar  Arewacin Afirka kamarsu algeria maroko (ban da Masar), tun daga mamaye yankin. Maghreb daga shekara ta 661 zuwa 661. Rikicin Kharijite Berber ya ƙare a shekara ta 743, wanda ya kai ga kawo ƙarshen mulkinta a yammaci da tsakiyar Maghreb. Bayan wannan lokaci ne Banu Umayya suka ci gaba da mulkin Ifriqiya (daga baya suka fada hannun khalifancin Abbasiyawa) yayin da sauran Maghreb suka fada hannun daulolin Musulunci da suka biyo bayan zuriyar Larabawa da Berber da Farisa
Tarihi
Yakin musulmi na Maghreb ya fara ne a shekara ta 647 karkashin daular Rashidun, wadda ta yi amfani da Masar a matsayin sansanin yaki da Maghreb. Abdallah bn Sa’ad ya jagoranci mamayewa da sojoji dubu 20 daga Madina a yankin Larabawa, inda suka karbe birnin Tripolitaniya cikin gaggawa sannan kuma suka fatattaki sojojin Rumawa mafi girma a yakin Sufetula a wannan shekarar. Duk da haka, sojojin Larabawa sun janye bayan da sabon Exarch na Afirka ya amince da ba da kyauta a musayar.Bayan da ya ci Cyrenaica a shekara ta 642 ko 643, Amr bn al-As ya kafa jiziya da kabilar Berber za ta biya a kan dinari 13,000. Ya kuma bukaci kabilar Lawata da su sayar wa larabawa ‘ya’yansu maza da mata da yawa a kan kasonsu na jimlar jiziya. Bayan fitina ta farko da kafa daular Umayyawa a shekara ta 661 da Mu'awiya  ya yi, sai aka fara kai hari na biyu ga Magrib. Dakarun musulmi 10,000 da wasu dubbai, karkashin jagorancin Balarabe Janar Uqba ibn Nafi, sun taso daga Damascus, suka shiga Afrika, suka ci ta. A shekara ta 670, an kafa birnin Kairouan a matsayin cibiyar ci gaba da ayyuka da kuma babban birnin lardin Arewacin Afirka. A cikin wannan shekarar ne aka assasa babban masallacin Kairouan.
Banu Umayyawa sun fuskanci turjiya daga sojojin Berber karkashin jagorancin Kahina da Kusaila a shekarun 680, wadanda suka yi adawa da dakarun Musulunci na Daular Umayyawa da ke ci gaba. Kusaila ya yi nasarar yi wa sojojin Banu Umayyawa kwanton bauna ya kashe Uqba bn Nafi a yakin Vescera a shekara ta 682. Amma daga baya Hassan bn al-Numan da Musa bn Nusayr sun fatattaki shugabannin Berber duka biyu, inda suka kashe Kusaila a yakin Mamma (688) kashe Dihya a yakin Tabarka (702), wanda ya kai ga fatattakar kabilar Berber.[5] Yakin Carthage a shekara ta 698 ya taimaka wajen kwato garin da Banu Umayyawa suka yi.
Manazarta
1 Fenwick, Corisande (November 2020). "The Umayyads and North Africa". ResearchGate.
2.Kaegi, Walter E. (2010). Muslim Expansion and Byzantine Collapse in North Africa. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521196772.