Kharkiv

Kharkiv (Kharkov), birni ne na biyu mafi girma a Ukraine. Da yake a arewa maso gabashin kasar, shi ne birni mafi girma na yankin tarihi na Sloboda Ukraine. Kharkiv ita ce cibiyar gudanarwa ta Kharkiv Oblast da Kharkiv Raion. Tana da yawan jama'a 1,421,125 (kimanin 2022).An kafa Kharkiv a cikin 1654 a matsayin kagara, kuma ya girma ya zama babbar cibiyar masana'antu, kasuwanci, da al'adun Ukraine a cikin Sloboda Ukraine a cikin daular Rasha mai yawan kabilu. A farkon karni na 20, birnin yana da yawancin jama'ar Ukrainian da Rasha, amma yayin da fadada masana'antu ya jawo karin aiki daga yankunan karkarar da ke cikin damuwa, kuma kamar yadda Tarayyar Soviet ta daidaita takunkumin da aka yi a baya game da maganganun al'adun Ukraine, 'yan Ukrain sun zama mafi girma a kabila. a birnin a jajibirin yakin duniya na biyu. Daga Disamba 1919 zuwa Janairu 1934, Kharkiv shi ne babban birnin Tarayyar Soviet Socialist Jamhuriyar Ukrainian. Kharkiv babban al'adu ne, kimiyya, ilimi, sufuri, da masana'antu cibiyar Ukraine, tare da yawa gidajen tarihi, sinimomi, da kuma dakunan karatu, ciki har da Annunciation da Dormition Cathedrals, da Derzhprom gini a Freedom Square, da kuma National University of Kharkiv. Masana'antu suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tattalin arzikin Kharkiv, musamman a cikin injuna da lantarki. Akwai daruruwan wuraren masana'antu a ko'ina cikin birnin, ciki har da Morozov Design Bureau, Malyshev Factory, Khartron, Turboatom, da Antonov. A watan Maris da Afrilun 2014, jami'an tsaro da masu zanga-zangar sun yi fatali da yunkurin 'yan awaren da ke samun goyon bayan Rasha na kwace iko da birnin da na yankin. Kharkiv ta kasance wata babbar manufa ga sojojin Rasha a yakin gabashin Ukraine a lokacin da Rasha ta mamaye Ukraine a shekarar 2022 kafin a mayar da su kan iyakar Rasha da Ukraine. Birnin ya ci gaba da kasancewa cikin tashin gobarar Rasha, tare da rahotannin cewa kusan kashi daya bisa hudu na birnin ya lalace a watan Afrilun 2024.
manazarta
https://web.archive.org/web/20141208235345/http://ukrainianweek.com/History/123906
https://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2016/02/3/7097721/
https://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2021/11/11/7313698/
https://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2021/09/25/7308397/