Eliana Rubashkyn

Eliana Rubashkyn (an Haife ta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1988) 'yar ƙasar New Zealand likitar harhaɗa magunguna ce kuma masaniya a fannin ilmin sinadarai,  sananniya ce da kasancewa mace ta farko da aka ba wa namiji lokacin haihuwa da aka amince da shi a matsayin mace mai tsarin Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a ƙarƙashin dokar 'yan gudun hijira ta duniya. An haife ta a Kolombiya, Rubashkyn ba ta da ƙasa a da.  Ha  a halin yanzu tana aiki a matsayin jami'in shirye-shirye a duniya ta ILGA,  kuma a matsayin masaniya a fannin kimiyyar rage cutar da ke haɓaka yakin neman hakkin ɗan adam na tallafi ga masu neman mafaka na LGBTI, 'yan gudun hijira da masu shiga tsakani a duniya. 

An amince da jinsin Rubashkyn a ƙarƙashin Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta 1951 dangane da Matsayin 'Yan Gudun Hijira.  Shari'ar Rubashkyn ya ja hankalin kafafen yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa da lauyoyi bayan cin zarafin da aka yi mata biyo bayan tsare ta a filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong saboda rashin jituwa tsakanin jinsinta da hoton fasfo dinta, wanda ya haifar da shekaru da dama na rashin ƙasa  a Hong Kong.  da kuma ƙasƙantar da ɗan adam zuwa cibiyoyin mafaka da yawa a cikin Yuen Long.   

Rubashkyn ta koma New Zealand a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira a cikin shekarar 2014, kuma an ba ta shaida ta ƙasar New Zealand a cikin shekarar 2018.  A cikin shekarar 2023, an tuhumi Rubashkyn da laifuffuka biyu na kai hari kan jefa ruwan tumatir a kan masu fafutuka Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull da Tania Suzanne Sturt a wata zanga-zangar adawa da ziyarar Keen-Minshull. 

 Tarihin Rayuwa 
An haifi Rubashkyn a Colombia ga mahaifiyar Bayahudiya 'yar ƙasar Yukren wacce ta koma can a shekarun 1970s.  An haife ta tare da yanayin jima'i na rashin jin daɗi na androgen kuma an sanya shi namiji a lokacin haihuwa.   

A cikin shekarar 2011, Rubashkyn ta sami digirinta a fannin harhaɗa magunguna da sinadarai a Jami'ar ƙasa ta Colombia, kuma tana magana da harsuna biyar sosai.   Bayan ta yi karatun ilmin halitta a Jami'ar Granada, an ba ta guraben karatu don haɓaka karatun digiri na biyu a fannin kiwon lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta Taipei, kuma a lokaci guda ta fara canjin yanayi da tabbatar da jinsi a Taiwan. Rubashkyn ta gano cewa caka mata wuka a Colombia ne ya sa ta yanke shawarar neman ilimi a wasu wurare. 

 Rashin kasa 
A cikin shekara guda da fara maganin maye gurbin hormone, yanayin jikin Rubashkyn ya canza sosai saboda yanayin jima'i, kuma hukumomin shige da fice na Taiwan sun buƙaci ta sabunta fasfo ɗinta a ƙaramin ofishin jakadancin Colombia kafin ta fara shekara ta biyu na karatun masters. Ta yi tafiya zuwa Hong Kong don yin hakan, amma lokacin da ta isa cibiyar shige da fice ta filin jirgin sama na Hong Kong, an tsare ta sama da watanni takwas a tsare da kuma cibiyoyin ‘yan gudun hijira da dama saboda rashin sanin yanayin shari’arta.   

Rubashkyn ta sha fama da cin zarafi da cin zarafi da musgunawa akai-akai a wurare da dama da take rayuwa a ciki.  An tsare ta a wani sashin kula da taɓin hankali na Asibitin Sarauniya Elizabeth da ke Kowloon, sakamakon wani yunkurin kashe kanta, bayan an yi mata wulakanci da lalata da ita.    

Ta kasa neman mafaka don a ba ta kariya a matsayinta na 'yar gudun hijira a Hong Kong saboda gwamnati ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ba, ta fuskanci kora, kuma ta fuskanci mugun hali a wurin da ake tsare da filin jirgin sama.  Rubashkyn ta ƙi tuntuɓar ofishin jakadancinta na gida don hana fitar da ita saboda rashin taimakon diflomasiyya da suka bayar, kuma ta zama marar ƙasa a ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba 2012. Matsayin Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ya iyakance hulɗar ] <span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (April 2024)">za</span> [ iya yi da hukumomi daga gwamnatocin Colombia.   

Tare da taimakon Amnesty International da hukumar kula da 'yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNHCR), an ba ta matsayin 'yan gudun hijira;  duk da haka, saboda Hong Kong ba ta sanya hannu kan taron ƴan gudun hijira na 1951 ba, ba ta amince da ita a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira ba kuma ta nemi a tura ta zuwa Colombia.

Lamarin nata ya ja hankalin duniya, musamman a Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya da Kolombiya, inda ake yawan cin zarafi tsakanin maza da mata da maza da mata. An kuma lura da shari'arta a New Zealand, ƙasar da aka sani da matsayinta game da daidaito ga mutanen LGBTI.    A watan Disamba na shekarar 2013, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ba da mafita ta hanyar amincewa Rubashkyn a matsayin mace a ƙarƙashin tsarin 'yan gudun hijira na UNHCR. Ta zama mace ta farko da aka amince da ita a matsayin mace a China ko Hong Kong ba tare da an yi mata tiyatar sake aikin jima'i ba ko kuma ta hanyar likita.   Wani labari na CNN game da gwagwarmayar ta da kuma ɗan gajeren fim game da rayuwarta a Hong Kong ta sami lambar yabo ta GLAAD Media Award a watan Mayu 2015. 

 Maidowa 
A cikin watan Mayun 2014, New Zealand ta karɓi Rubashkyn a matsayin 'yar gudun hijira kuma ta ba ta mafaka, ta ƙara fahimtar jinsinta a duniya.  Shari'arta ita ce ta farko a duniya da aka amince da jinsin mutum a duniya.   A cikin shekarar 2015, auren Rubashkyn ya sami kulawar kafofin watsa labaru mai mahimmanci lokacin da magatakarda na NZ na Aure ya nemi  mataccen suna Rubashkyn, tare da sunanta na shari'a, don yin rajistar auren.   

A cikin shekarar 2019, Rubashkyn ya ba da shaida a matsayin wani ɓangare na binciken kisan Grace Millane, bayan da ta fahimci cewa ta yi wa wanda ake tuhuma hidima a wani kantin magani na Auckland. 

 Sana'a 
Tun lokacin da aka sake ta a New Zealand, Rubashkyn ta yi aiki a matsayin mai harhaɗa magunguna kuma tana da hannu cikin ayyukan bayar da shawarwari da yawa. 

 Gwagwarmaya/Fafutuka 
Rubashkyn ta ba da shawarar haƙƙoƙin 'yan gudun hijira da jima'i, transgender, da bambancin jinsi a New Zealand da kuma duniya baki ɗaya.  Rubashkyn ta ba da gudummawa ga shirin ci gaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da kuma Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a matsayinta na wacce ta kafa Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, wata kungiyar bayar da shawarwari ta 'yan gudun hijira ta LGBT.  

Yayin zanga-zangar adawa da Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull a Auckland a ranar 25 ga watan Maris 2023, Rubashkyn ta jefa ruwan tumatir a kan Keen-Minshull.  Daga baya, Rubashkyn ta ba da rahoton samun barazanar kisa.  Rubashkyn ta tafi Ostiraliya, sannan Amurka, tana mai cewa tana tsoron a kama ta a New Zealand.    Daga baya 'yan sandan New Zealand sun tuhume ta da laifuffuka biyu na hari,    daya kirga kan lamarin ruwan tumatir da Keen-Minshull da kuma wani harin da aka kai wa wani daban, wanda ba a san ko wanene ba.  Magoya bayan Rubashkyn sun tara sama da dala 15,000 a cikin makonni biyu da suka biyo bayan lamarin don biyan kuɗinta na shari'a.  A watan Afrilun 2023, lauyan Rubashkyn ya shigar da kara a madadinta, tare da komawa kotu a watan Yuli. 

A ranar 20 ga watan Satumba, lauyan Rubashkyn James Olsen ya nemi a soke tuhumar da ake yi mata a kotun gundumar Auckland. Keen-Minshull ta kwaɗaitar da magoya bayanta da su taru a kusa da kotun ta kafafen sada zumunta; Bayan ta yi watsi da shirin tafiya na biyu zuwa New Zealand saboda matsalolin tsaro. Magoya bayan Keen-Minshull da suka haɗa da kungiyar "Bari mace ta yi magana" sun haɗu da mambobin kungiyar Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) da suka taru a kotun St Patrick da ke kusa da kotun gundumar Auckland. Wannan zanga-zangar ta kasance cikin lumana tare da ‘yan sanda sun raba kungiyoyin biyu.   Olsen ya bayar da hujjar cewa ya kamata a yi watsi da karar tun da Keen-Minshull ya ki gabatar da kara ko mika shaida ga ‘yan sanda. Dan sanda mai gabatar da kara Sajan Phil Mann ya nemi ya dogara da kalaman da Keen-Minshull ya yi na yin fim ga TVNZ bayan faruwar lamarin. Mai shari’a Claire Ryan ta ajiye hukuncinta har sai an saurari karar a watan Oktoba 2023. 

A ranar 26 ga watan Oktoba, alkalin kotun Ryan ya ki amincewa da yunkurin Rubashkyn na yin watsi da tuhumar da ake mata, ya kuma yanke hukuncin cewa za ta fuskanci shari'a kan laifuka biyu na cin zarafi da ake yi wa Keen-Minshull. 

 Manazarta 

Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane
Rukuni:Haihuwan 1988
Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba