Jami'o'i Afirka ta Kudu

Jami'o'in Afirka ta Kudu ("USAf".), wanda aka fi sani da Ilimi mafi girma a Afirka ta Kudu ko HESA, kungiya ce mai wakiltar jami'o'i 26 na jama'a a Afirka ta kudu. Kwamitin USAF ya kunshi Mataimakan Shugabannin 26 da aka samo daga jami'o'in membobin.  USAf ta amince da tsarin ilimi mafi girma na kasa wanda ke amsawa ga kalubalen Afirka ta Kudu. Ta hanyar lobbying da bayar da shawarwari, USAf tana ingantawa da sauƙaƙe kyakkyawan yanayi wanda ke da kyau ga jami'o'i suyi aiki yadda ya kamata kuma su ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban zamantakewa, al'adu, da tattalin arziki na Afirka ta Kudu da mutanenta.  Wadannan kyaftin din ilimi sun himmatu ga abin da ake kira "canjin dijital" a lokacin annobar.  USAf ta himmatu ga amfani da bayanai don bayar da "yanayi mafi kyau ga jami'o'i suyi aiki yadda ya kamata" https://usaf.ac.za/  Ingantawa ta faɗaɗa cikin al'amuran nuna gaskiya game da biyan kuɗi kuma su ma sun himmatu don magance annoba ta cin hanci da rashawa a cikin ɗakunan jami'ar su. Idan ya zo ga batun canji a cikin Ilimi Mafi Girma, mambobi 26 ba su sami nasara sosai ba.https://helm.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2023_State_of_Transformation_in_Universities_TOC-DHET_FULL_REPORT.pdf  Babu wani ko da yake koyarwa da ilmantarwa a cikin ilimi mafi girma na Afirka ta Kudu wanda ya canza sosai a karkashin kulawar su. Takaitaccen zuwan tare da gazawar mulki da koyarwa, ba su hana USAf yin shelar "juyin juya halin dijital" a taron shekara-shekara da aka shirya ba.  Taken: "Makomar jami'ar".  Wannan abu ne mai ban sha'awa, canjin ba masana'antu ba ne ko juyin juya hali, duk da haka VCs da yawa a cikin wannan kungiya, ba su dace da ilimi game da bayan dijital ba. Wataƙila babbar nasarar da suka samu a yanzu ita ce McDonaldization na ilimi mafi girma na Afirka ta Kudu.  Tare da Alamar jami'a, suna sa kansu su yi kama da masu jan hankali ga ɗalibai da iyaye, maimakon magance ainihin bukatun ɗalibai.  Sakamakon, a cewar wani rukuni na dattawa,  jami'o'in jama'a ne waɗanda "ba a gudanar da su ba, marasa aminci da wuraren da ba su da farin ciki na ilmantarwa da bincike".

 Tarihi 
Jami'o'in Afirka ta Kudu (USAf) kungiya ce ta mambobi na jami'o'i 26 na jama'a a Afirka ta Kudu. USAf, wanda a baya aka sani da Higher Education South Africa (HESA), an kafa shi ne a ranar 9 ga Mayu 2005 a matsayin magajin kungiyoyin wakilan jami'o'i da technikons (yanzu jami'o-rikicen fasaha), Kungiyar Mataimakin Shugaban Jami'o'in Afirka ta Kudu (SAUVCA) da Kwamitin Technikon Principals (CTP). 

 SAUVCA wani tsari ne na burin sauyawa da sake fasalin ilimi mafi girma na Afirka ta Kudu. An kafa shi a matsayin hukuma ta doka ga jami'o'in gwamnati 21 a Afirka ta Kudu ta hanyar Dokar Jami'o'i (Dokar 61 ta 1955). A matsayinta na hukuma ta doka, ta ba da shawarwari ga Minista da Darakta Janar na Ilimi kan batutuwan da aka ambata ko wasu batutuwan leken da ake ganin sun zama dole ga jami'o'i.
 CTP kungiya ce ta ilimi mafi girma ta kasa da aka kafa a shekarar 1967 game da Dokar Ilimi ta Fasaha (No. 40 na 1967). Ya kunshi rectors, principals da [Chancellor (education) throughVice-Chancellors] na technikons a Afirka ta Kudu.

An ƙaddamar da USAf ta hanyar sake fasalin bangaren ilimi mafi girma, wanda ya haifar da kafa sabbin nau'ikan ma'aikata da buƙatar ingantaccen jagorancin jagoranci. USAf tana wakiltar dukkan jami'o'i 26 na jama'a da jami'o-i na fasaha a Afirka ta Kudu kuma kamfani ne na Sashe na 21. HESA ta canza sunanta zuwa Jami'o'in Afirka ta Kudu a ranar 22 ga Yulin 2015.

 Shirye-shiryen 
Shirin Jagora da Gudanar da Ilimi mafi Girma (HELM) yana ba da tsarin jagorancin da shirye-shiryen gudanarwa don masu tasowa, masu gudanarwa da manyan jami'o'i da ke tallafawa aikin su, ci gaban ƙwararru da ci gaban aiki kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga mahallin da kowa zai iya bunƙasa. HELM tana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunkasa ingantattun shugabannin ilimi mafi girma.

Canji babban batu ne wanda "ya lalata bangaren ilimi mafi girma https://helm.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2023_State_of_Transformation_in_Universities_TOC-DHET_FULL_REPORT.pdf Wadannan shugabannin masu tasiri suna magana game da "canji" na tsawon shekaru talatin, ba tare da samun nasara ba.  Dalibi "ta hanyar shiga, wucewa da raguwa ...ci gaba da nuna bambanci da jinsi".  Kokarin sauya jami'o'i suna da "sannu a hankali".  A bayyane yake, ilimi mafi girma dole ne ya yi la'akari da wasu ra'ayoyin koyarwa da ilmantarwa. Tare da rashin aikin yi na kasa na 32% a farkon kwata na 2024.https://www.statssa.gov.za/publications/P0211/P02111stQuarter2024.pdf Akwai rashin daidaituwa a bayyane tsakanin bukatun kasuwar ma'aikata, abin da ake koyar da ɗalibai, da kuma cancantar da suke samu. Idan babu damar aiki na yau da kullun, wajibi ne don fitar da dalibai da masu digiri na kasuwanci na gaggawa kuma ya zama dole. 

 Ƙarin Shirin USAf

 Dalibai suna buƙatar cika buƙatun don Matriculation Exemption don a yarda da su a jami'o'i. Kwamitin Matriculation na Jami'o'i na Afirka ta Kudu (http://mb.usaf.ac.za) yana ba da shawara.
 Sashin Jami'ar ba shi da kuɗi sosai. USAf yana amfani da Farashin Farashin Ilimi Mafi Girma (HEPI) lokacin tattaunawar tallafin yana ƙaruwa tare da gwamnati. HEPI tana auna hauhawar farashi don ilimi mafi girma ta hanyar la'akari da tsarin kashe kudi na jami'o'i. HEPI tana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tabbatar da araha da samun dama ga ilimi mafi girma, wani muhimmin bangare na jajircewarsu ga adalci da daidaito.
 Ci gaba da Masu Bincike da Masana (AECRS)  wani yunkuri ne na USAf, don gina iyawa, bayar da tallafi da wadatar da ayyuka ta hanyar hadin gwiwa da haɗin gwiwa a bangaren ilimi da bincike na Afirka ta Kudu.  https://aecrs.usaf.ac.za/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/370983788_Advancing_Early_Career_Researchers_and_Scholars_AECRS_Building_capacity_and_enriching_careers_through_collaboration_and_partnerships ACERS tana sarrafa dandamali biyu. Thuso Resources wani akwati na kayan aiki na kasa don malamai masu tasowa" da Thuso Connect, wani dandamali na jagoranci.

 Mambobi 

 Jami'ar Fasaha ta Cape Peninsula
  Jami'ar Fasaha ta Tsakiya
 Jami'ar Fasaha ta Durban
 Jami'ar Fasaha ta Mangosuthu
 Jami'ar Nelson Mandela
 Jami'ar Arewa maso Yamma
 Jami'ar Rhodes
 Jami'ar Kimiyya ta Lafiya ta Sefako Makgatho
 Jami'ar Sol Plaatje
 Jami'ar Stellenbosch
 Tshwane_Jami'a_Fasaha
 Jami'ar Afirka ta Kudu
 Jami'ar Free State
 Jami'ar Cape Town
 Jami'ar Fort Hare
 Jami'ar Johannesburg
 Jami'ar KwaZulu-Natal
 Jami'ar Limpopo
 Jami'ar Mpumalanga
 Jami'ar Pretoria
 Jami'ar Yammacin Cape
 Jami'ar Witwatersrand
 Jami'ar Venda
 Jami'ar Zululand
 Jami'ar Fasaha ta Vaal
 Jami'ar Walter Sisulu

 USAf da Cin Hanci da rashawa 
A ranar 20 ga Oktoba 2020, mambobin kwamitin USAf sun yarda cewa akwai yiwuwar cewa jami'o'i na iya shiga cikin ayyukan cin hanci da rashawa kuma sun yanke shawarar kawar da cin hanci. Tare da kujera na baya da ya yarda cewa Tsarin Sabuntawa na Kasa bai iya aiki a matsayin tsarin aiki na bincike da kirkire-kirkire ba;  binciken da aka buga cewa "shugabannin jami'o'i da gangan sun raunana tsarin jami'o-kire da ke gano cin hanci da rashawa don ba da damar masu zamba su sami damar samun kudade ta hanyar cin hanci-gadi";  da rashawa mai suna "Binciken rikice-rikice na yau da kullun a jami'oƙi na Afirka ta Kudu", ta Kudu, wanda ya yi nazarin, wanda ya fice a cikin haɗin yanar gizo na Amurka.

 USAf da NSFAS 
Canje-canje na manufofi a cikin Shirin Taimako na Dalibai na Kasa (NSFAS) sun haifar da haɗari da ƙalubale ga jami'o'i. USAf ta nuna haɗarin mummunan bashi. 2023 ya nuna wani muhimmin abu a cikin tsarin kashe kudi na jihar. DHET ta ware karin kudi ga NSFAS fiye da jami'o'i a karon farko. Rashin biyan kuɗin NSFAS a cikin 2024 ya haifar da sabbin ƙalubale ga jami'o'i. Duk da yake Afirka ta Kudu tana tallafawa dalibai samun damar samun ilimi mafi girma ta hanyar NSFAS, ba a sami ci gaba a bayyane a cikin kwanciyar hankali a cikin Ilimi Mafi Girma ba kuma har yanzu suna gwagwarmaya don aiki yadda ya kamata usaf.ac.za/notwithstanding-increased-state-investment-in-nsfas-there-is-little-improvement-in-universities-stability-and-outcomes-says-professor-adam-habib/

 USAF da Jami'o'i 
Majalisar Ilimi Mafi Girma (CHE) kwanan nan ta tayar da muhimman tambayoyi game da Matsayi na jami'a. Sun wallafa ra'ayi mai mahimmanci,   game da masana'antar matsayi. Wannan yanki yana jayayya cewa matsayi misali ne na Neocolonialism da Neoliberalism. Tabbas yana da alama cewa wasu mambobin USAf sun yi imanin cewa wannan ilimi kasuwa ce, maimakon hadin gwiwa. Akwai sakonnin manema labarai na memba na USAf da suka ambaci Matsayi na jami'a. Duk da sanin cewa darajar jami'a suna da son kai kuma suna da lahani,  suna da gajeren tallace-tallace  kuma an yarda da su a matsayin wasan da ba na kimiyya ba,  wannan aikin ya ci gaba. 

 Bincike game da biyan VC 
'Yan majalisa suna ba da shawara don bincike game da albashi na mataimakan shugabanni da manyan manajoji a jami'o'i tun daga shekarar 2019.  Ministan Ilimi ya rubuta wa Majalisar Ilimi mafi girma (CHE) yana neman su bincika batun.https://pmg.org.za/files/200619Portfolio_Committee_briefing_19_June_2020.pptx A cikin binciken da CHE ke jagoranta  mai taken "Bincike game da Biyan Mataimakin Jami'o'i da Manyan Manajoji a Afirka ta Kudu", an nuna batutuwa masu yawa game da shugabanci a cikin wasu cibiyoyin membobin 26.https://www.che.ac.za/file/7139/download?token=c3ZDoplz  Dangane da sharuddan tunani, binciken CHE game da biyan kuɗi ya kamata a kammala shi a watan Maris na 2021.https://pmg.org.za/files/200619Portfolio_Committee_briefing_19_June_2020.pptx An gabatar da bincike na karshe ga majalisa a ranar 21 ga Fabrairu 2024, shekaru uku bayan alkawarin.https://pmg.org.za/files/240221CHE__Report_on_Remuneration_of_University_VCs_and_Execs_in_South_Africa.pptx An kwatanta karuwar albashi a cikin ilimi mafi girma da jirgin kasa mai gudu.   Daga cikin batutuwan da yawa da aka tayar, an nuna rashin kulawar ma'aikata da gudanarwa da ayyukan kudi masu laushi. Wannan bambancin albashi yana ci gaba kusan kusan shekaru goma. USAf ta bayyana goyon bayanta ga binciken kuma tana da niyyar sake dawo da amincewar jama'a a cikin gudanar da kudi. Koyaya, har sai an magance batutuwa masu mahimmanci kai tsaye, tarihi ya nuna cewa waɗannan alamu na ba da kai a jami'o'i za su kasance, a duk yiwuwar, su kasance. DHET ta kuma himmatu ga kafa tsarin ombuds, don warware matsalolin da ke gudana a cikin ilimi mai zurfi.

 Jagorancin Ilimi 
Cibiyoyin na iya ba da ƙarfi da kuma rage ƙarfi saboda suna tsara yadda muke ganin duniya.  https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2015/03/how-power-and-institutions-affect-development/Shugabannin jami'o'i galibi suna samun kansu ana sukar su kuma suna raunana su. Aikin su shine su kai ga sauraro. 

 Bayanan da aka ambata