Jami'ar Laberiya

Jami'ar Laberiya (UL ko LU a cikin tsofaffin sassan taƙaice) wata cibiyar ilimi ce ta jama'a da ke cikin Monrovia, Laberiya . Gwamnatin ƙasa ta ba da izini a 1851, jami'ar ta buɗe a 1862 a matsayin Kwalejin Laberiya. UL tana da ɗakunan karatu guda huɗu: Cibiyar Capitol Hill a Monrovia, Cibiyar Fendall a Louisiana, a waje da Monrovia، Cibiyar Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya a Birnin Kongo, da Cibiyar Straz-Sinje a Sinje Grand Cape Mount County. Jami'ar ta yi rajistar kimanin dalibai 18,000 kuma tana ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin cibiyoyin ilimi mafi girma a Yammacin Afirka. Hukumar Laberiya kan Ilimi mafi girma ce ta amince da shi.

 Tarihi 
A cikin 1847, Laberiya ta ayyana 'yancin kai daga American Colonization Society . A shekara ta 1851, sabuwar majalisa ta kasa ta ba da izinin kirkirar kwalejin jihar kuma ta ba da hayar Kwalejin Laberiya.Livingston, Thomas W. "The Exportation of American Higher Education to West Africa: Liberia College, 1850–1900". The Journal of Negro Education, Vol. 45, No. 3 (Summer, 1976), pp. 246–262. Kungiyar Kolonization Society ta New York da Trustees of Donations for Education a Laberiya ne suka ba da kuɗi, duka kungiyoyin Amurka. Wadannan kungiyoyi biyu sun samar da kusan dukkanin kudade ga makarantar a cikin karni na 19 kuma suna da alhakin hayar ma'aikatan.
Bayan izini, kungiyoyi daga Clay-Ashland da Monrovia sun yi aiki a cikin siyasa a cikin ƙoƙari na samun makarantar a cikin biranen su, tare da wurin da aka zaba a matsayin babban birni.Livingston, Thomas W. "The Exportation of American Higher Education to West Africa: Liberia College, 1850–1900". The Journal of Negro Education, Vol. 45, No. 3 (Summer, 1976), pp. 246–262. Wannan yaƙin siyasa ya jinkirta tushe; a ranar 25 ga Janairun 1858, an kafa dutsen kusurwa na ginin farko a Monrovia. A watan Janairun 1862, an kaddamar da makarantar, tare da azuzuwan da suka fara a 1863.  Shugaban farko na kasar, Joseph Jenkins Roberts, ya zama shugaban makarantar na farko a 1862 kuma ya yi aiki a wannan mukamin har zuwa 1876. 
Maza bakwai sun kasance aji na farko na dalibai, tare da ƙungiyar Shirye-shiryen kwaleji da ke ƙara ɗalibai 18 zuwa rajista watanni biyu bayan haka.Livingston, Thomas W. "The Exportation of American Higher Education to West Africa: Liberia College, 1850–1900". The Journal of Negro Education, Vol. 45, No. 3 (Summer, 1976), pp. 246–262. Baya ga kudade na Amurka, kwalejoji da mutane daga Amurka sun ba da gudummawar littattafai har ma da tubali da katako da aka yi amfani da su don gina ginin makarantar. Laburaren yana da kimanin littattafai 4,000 a lokacin budewa. Da zarar an buɗe azuzuwan, tsarin karatun ya kasance daidaitattun darussan da aka saba da su a kwalejojin Amurka tare da darussan kamar rhetoric da Latin. Wani bangare na motsawar fara makarantar shine damuwa cewa wasu 'yan Liberiya sun riga sun bar kasar don yin karatu a Burtaniya, wanda masu goyon bayan Amurka suka yi tunanin zai iya haifar da ƙaura daga tsarin gwamnati na jamhuriya.

A cikin karni na 19, dalibai na shekara ta biyu da na farko za su yi yaƙi da juna a cikin al'ada ta shekara-shekara kan ko an yarda da dalibai na farko su sa wando."Trouble in Liberia", The New York Times, 26 May 1884, p. 4. Daga 1866 zuwa 1902, makarantar tana da masu digiri goma tare da dogon lokaci tsakanin bayar da digiri.Livingston, Thomas W. "The Exportation of American Higher Education to West Africa: Liberia College, 1850–1900". The Journal of Negro Education, Vol. 45, No. 3 (Summer, 1976), pp. 246–262. A karkashin jagorancin Edward Wilmot Blyden, shugaban makaranta daga 1881 zuwa 1884, an ba mata damar yin rajista a sashen shirye-shirye. A cikin shekarun 1800, UL da ƙasar sun sha wahala daga rikice-rikicen aji da kabilanci, wanda ya haifar da rufe Kwalejin Laberiya na wucin gadi a lokuta da yawa a cikin shekarun 1890. R. B. Richardson shine tsohon jami'in farko da ya zama shugaban makarantar.

 Karni na 20 
Makarantar Forestry a kwalejin ta kafa a 1942 ta Stephen A. Tolbert, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin dean na wannan makarantar har zuwa 1960.  Shiga ya karu a jami'ar zuwa kimanin dalibai 70 a 1948, kuma zuwa 100 a 1950. Sherman, Mary Antoinette Brown. "The University in Modern Africa: Toward the Twenty-First Century", The Journal of Higher Education, Vol. 61, No. 4 (Jul. – Aug. 1990), pp. 363–385, Ohio State University Press. A shekara ta 1951, shugaban kasar J. Max Bond, Sr. da Dean Anna E. Cooper sun taimaka wajen canza kwalejin zuwa Jami'ar Laberiya. Har ila yau, a cikin 1951, an kafa Makarantar Shari'a kuma an sanya masa suna bayan tsohon Babban Alkalin Kotun Koli ta Laberiya Louis Arthur Grimes . Recent Developments in African Law Faculties. Journal of African Law, Vol. 10, No. 3 (Autumn, 1966), pp. 192–207, p. 198; School of Oriental and African Studies. A shekara ta 1956, jami'ar tana da ɗalibai 259.
A shekara ta 1968, an kara makarantar likita a jami'ar."Monrovia." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2008. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved on 31 August 2008. Saboda rikice-rikicen basasa a kasar, UL ta rufe a lokuta da yawa, ciki har da 1979, 1984, da 1990.Patrick N. Seyon. Review: Historical Dictionary of Liberia by D. Elwood Dunn; Amos J. Beyan; Carl Patrick Burrowes. The International Journal of African Historical Studies, Vol. 35, No. 1, Special Issue: Leisure in African History (2002), pp. 205–207. A wani abin da ya faru a shekarar 1984, dalibai da jami'ar Laberiya sun nuna rashin amincewa da kama mambobin jami'a biyu da gwamnatin Laberiya ta yi.Sherman, Mary Antoinette Brown. "The University in Modern Africa: Toward the Twenty-First Century", The Journal of Higher Education, Vol. 61, No. 4 (Jul. – Aug. 1990), pp. 363–385, Ohio State University Press. Shugaban Liberia Samuel K. Doe ya aika da Sojojin Laberiya don kai hari makarantar a ranar 22 ga watan Agusta 1984, wanda ya haifar da mutuwar mutane da yawa, fiye da ɗari suka ji rauni, rufewar watanni uku, da lalata wasu wuraren. Ba ta ba da digiri daga 1989 zuwa 1996 saboda fada daga Yaƙin basasar Liberia na farko ba. Lokacin da UL ta sake buɗewa a shekara ta 1997, rajista ya kai dalibai 6,000,  kodayake yakin basasa ya lalata kayan aikin jami'a kuma ya jagoranci malamai da yawa su bar ƙasar. Oyo, Remi. "Liberia-Education: University plans for the future", IPS-Inter Press Service, 4 December 1997. Rikicin na karshe ya ƙare tare da ƙarshen Yaƙin basasar Liberia na Biyu a shekara ta 2003.

 Karni na 21 
A shekara ta 2007, Ƙungiyar Lauyoyi ta Amurka ta biya don gyare-gyare ga makarantar shari'a. A watan Afrilu na wannan shekarar, jami'ar ta bude sabon cibiyar dijital ta kwamfuta 200 da wani kamfani mai zaman kansa ya biya. A watan Yunin 2007, shugaban makarantar ya dakatar da azuzuwan bayan yajin aiki na ma'aikata kan albashin baya da gwamnati ke bin,  tare da sake buɗe azuzuwan a watan Yuli. The Inquirer. "Liberia; Classes Suspended at University", Africa News, 20 June 2007.The Inquirer. "Liberia; Classes to Resume at UL on Monday", Africa News, 19 July 2007. A watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2008, Shugaban Amurka George W. Bush ya ziyarci harabar a lokacin ziyarar jihar zuwa Laberiya.

Kasar Sin ta ba da kuɗin fadada dala miliyan 21.5 a Fendall Campus wanda ya fara a watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2008, wanda ya kara da gine-gine sama da biyar. A watan Maris na shekara ta 2009, an fara gini a wannan harabar sabuwar Cibiyar Nazarin Mata ta Angie Brooks, Zaman Lafiya da Tsaro, mai suna don girmama Angie Brooks, wacce ita ce shugabar Afirka ta farko ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da kuma mace ta farko ta Kotun Koli ta Laberiya. Emmet Dennis ya zama shugaban jami'ar na 13 a wannan watan, yayin da rajista ya kai 18,000. Ginin Kimiyya na Harvey S. Firestone Quadrangle a babban harabar Firestone Liberia ne ya gyara shi kuma ya sake buɗewa a watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 2009.

A cikin 2013, duk masu neman 25,000 sun kasa jarrabawar shiga Jami'ar Laberiya. Jami'ar daga baya ta yi biyayya ga matsin lamba na gwamnati kuma ta ba da wurare ga dalibai 1,800 . 

 Malamai 
Jami'ar ita ce makarantar da ta fi tsufa a Afirka ta Yamma,  kuma Hukumar Laberiya kan Ilimi mafi girma ta amince da ita.  Ana koyar da darussan a Turanci tare da shekara ta ilimi daga Satumba zuwa Agusta. Dalibai masu digiri na farko suna samun digiri na farko bayan shekaru hudu na koyarwa, yayin da shirye-shiryen digiri na biyu ke ba da digiri na biyu bayan shekaru biyu na aikin digiri. Ana ba da digiri a fannin kiwon lafiya bayan kammala shirin shekaru bakwai.

Ya zuwa 2019, dalibai 18,753 ne suka yi rajista a jami'ar a duk sassan, daga cikinsu 12,278 maza ne kuma 6,422 mata ne. Wannan ya sanya jami'ar ta fi girma ta hanyar yin rajista a Laberiya.  UL tana da ma'aikata 331 a lokacin. Ma'aikatar ta mamaye maza, tare da maza 304 da mata 27. 

An raba makarantar zuwa kwalejoji shida, Shirye-shiryen digiri uku, da makarantu masu sana'a uku. Kolejoji a Jami'ar Laberiya sun hada da Kwalejin Kimiyya da Kimiyya ta Jama'a ta Laberiya, Kwalejin Kasuwanci da Gudanar da Jama'a, Kwaleji na Nazarin Jama'a da Kwaleji ta TJ Faulkner ta Kimiyya da Fasaha. Bugu da ƙari, akwai Kwalejin Malamai ta William V. S. Tubman da Kwalejin Aikin Gona da dazuzzuka ta William R. Tolbert, dukansu suna da suna bayan tsoffin Shugabannin ƙasar.
Louis Arthur Grimes School of Law, makarantar shari'a ce kawai a Laberiya, an kara ta zuwa jami'ar a shekarar 1951.  An buɗe Kwalejin Magunguna ta AM Dogliotti a cikin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin Gidauniyar AM Doglioti ta Italiya da gwamnatin Laberiya."Monrovia." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2008. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved on 31 August 2008. Ana buƙatar ɗaliban makarantar likita su ba da shekara ɗaya na hidima a yankunan karkara bayan kammala karatun.Sherman, Mary Antoinette Brown. "The University in Modern Africa: Toward the Twenty-First Century", The Journal of Higher Education, Vol. 61, No. 4 (Jul. – Aug. 1990), pp. 363–385, Ohio State University Press. Makarantar Pharmacy ita ce makarantar ƙwararru ta uku. A lokaci guda, shirye-shiryen digiri sun haɗa da Shirin Digiri na Ibrahim B. Babangida a Harkokin Kasashen Duniya, Shirin Digirii a Kimiyya na Yankin, da Shirin Graduate a Gudanar da Ilimi.

Baya ga makarantu da sassan karatu, UL tana da cibiyoyi biyar. Waɗannan su ne Cibiyar Bincike, Cibiyar Nazarin Jama'a, Cibiyar Kofi A. Annan don Canjin Rikicin, Cibiyar Manufofin Ci Gaban Millennium, da Cibiyar Confucius. Cibiyar Confucius tana koyar da harshen Sinanci da al'adu kuma tana cikin hadin gwiwa tare da Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Changsha.

UL memba ne na Ƙungiyar Jami'o'in Afirka . 

 Gidaje 
Jami'ar da ke da tallafin jama'a tana da ɗakunan karatu huɗu.The Inquirer. "Liberia; ULSU Wants Budget Stopped", Africa News, 11 July 2007. Cibiyar Capitol Hill a cikin garin Monrovia, harabar kiwon lafiya, Straz-Sinje a Grand Cape Mount County da harabar Fendall, kimanin kilomita 14 a arewa maso gabashin Monrovia. Kwalejin Aikin Gona da Kayan daji tana cikin ƙauyen Fendell Campus . The Inquirer. "Liberia; Firestone Donates to Camp-Based Group", Africa News, 1 December 2006. Jami'ar tana ba da bas da yawa don jigilar ɗalibai tsakanin waɗannan makarantun. Babban harabar ne Dr. J. Max Bond Sr., tsohon shugaban jami'a daga 1950 zuwa 1954. 

 Shahararrun ɗalibai 
Almajiran sun hada da 'yan siyasa da malamai na Liberia da suka gabata da na yanzu. Wadannan sun hada da mataimakin shugaban Liberia Joseph Boakai  da tsoffin shugabanni Arthur Barclay da Joseph James Cheeseman. Livingston, Thomas W. "The Exportation of American Higher Education to West Africa: Liberia College, 1850–1900". The Journal of Negro Education, Vol. 45, No. 3 (Summer, 1976), pp. 246–262. 'Yan takara don Zaben Shugaban kasa na 2005 sun hada da daliban UL Nathaniel Barnes, Varney Sherman, Togba-Nah Tipoteh, da Joseph Woah-Tee .  Shugaban, Jerome Verdier, da mataimakin shugaban, Dede Dolopei, na Hukumar Gaskiya da Sulhu sune tsofaffi. Sauran ɗalibai sune lauya Francis Y.S. Garlawolu, Babban Alkalin Johnnie Lewis, ɗan siyasa Charles Brumskine, Ministan Harkokin Waje Olubanke King Akerele, kuma tsohon Jakadan Amurka a Laberiya kuma wanda ya kafa Cibiyar Masana'antu da Aikin Gona ta Maryland don Matasa Masu Launi, Ernest Lyon da sauransu.

 Shugabanni 

 Dokta J. Max Bond Sr. (1950-1954) 
 Dokta Kermit C. King (1954-1958) 
 Dokta Rocherforte L. Weeks (1957-1972) 
 Dokta Advertus A. Hoff (1972-1975) 
 Dokta J Bernard Blamo (1975-1978) 
 Dokta Mary Antoinette Brown-Sherman (1978-1984) 
 Dokta Joseph G. Morris (1984-1987) 
 Dokta Stephen M. Yekeson (1988-1990) 
 Dokta Patrick L. N. Seyon (1991-1996) 
 Dokta Frederick S. Gulanga (1996-1999) 
 Dokta Ben A. Roberts (1999-2003) 
 Dokta James N. Kollie Sr. (2004, wasan kwaikwayo) 
 Dokta Al-Hassan Conteh (2004-2008) 
 Dokta D. Ansu Sonii Sr. (2008, wasan kwaikwayo) 
 Dokta Emmett A. Dennis (2008-2017) 
 Dokta Ophelia Inez Weeks (2017-2019) 
 Dokta Julius J. S. Nelson Jr. (tun daga shekara ta 2019) 

 Bayanan da aka ambata 

 Haɗin waje 

 Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya ta Afirka - Sashen Injiniya, Jami'ar Laberiya
 Rahoton UNESCO
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