Dazuzzuka na tsaunuka na Kamaru

dazuzzukan tsaunuka na Kamaru, wanda aka fi sani da gandun daji na tsaunuka masu tsaunuka, yanki ne mai laushi mai laushi wanda ke kan tsaunuka da ke gudana daga cikin Gulf of Guinea kuma ya zama iyaka tsakanin Kamaru da Najeriya. Wannan yanki ne na gandun daji da ciyawa wanda ya zama mafi yawan jama'a yayin da aka share ƙasa don noma.

 Yanayin ƙasa 
Dazuzzukan tsaunuka na Kamaru sun shimfiɗa a fadin tsaunuka masu tsaunuka, jerin tsaunuka da suka ƙare, suna rufe yanki na  kilomita 38,000 (15,000 sq  a gabashin Najeriya da yammacin Kamaru. Yankunan tsaunuka sun kai kusan kudu maso yamma-arewa maso gabas. A kudu maso yammacin yankin ya hada da Rumpi Hills, Bakossi Mountains, Mount Nlonako, Mount Kupe, da Mount Manengouba. Ya kai arewa maso gabas zuwa Mambila Plateau, da arewa zuwa Bamenda Highlands. Ya ci gaba da arewa maso gabas tare da gefen yammacin Adamawa Plateau zuwa Tchabal Gangdaba . Yankunan arewa sun hada da Mambilla Plateau zuwa arewa maso gabas, Obudu Plateau na Najeriya zuwa arewa maso yamma, Alantika Mountains da Hosséré Vokré zuwa arewa, da kuma kudu maso gabashin Adamawa Plateau gabashin Ngaoundéré .

Yankin yana sama da mita 900, kuma an kewaye shi a ƙananan tsaunuka da gandun daji na Cross-Sanaga-Bioko a kudancin ƙarshen kewayon, da kuma gandun daji-savanna mosaic na Guinea tare da tsakiya da arewacin iyakar kewayon. Yankin tsaunuka na Kamaru sun samar da iyaka tsakanin yankunan gandun daji na Guinea da Arewacin Kongo. Babbar tudu a cikin yankin shine Dutsen Oku (mita 3,011 (mita 9,879). Dutsen Kamaru shine dutse mafi girma a cikin sarkar, amma gandun daji masu tsawo an sanya su a matsayin yanki daban.

 Yanayi 
Matsakaicin matsakaicin yanayin zafi yana ƙasa da 20 ° C saboda tasirin tsawo, kuma suna da sanyi fiye da ƙasashen da ke kewaye da su. Matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara ya kasance daga kusan 4,000 mm kusa da bakin teku zuwa 1,800 mm ko ƙasa da ƙasa. Yankunan tsaunuka sune mahimman tushen ruwa ga Najeriya da Kamaru.

 Tsire-tsire 
Shuke-shuke sun bambanta da tsawo. Gidajen da ke cikin tsaunuka sun kai daga kimanin   zuwa   tsawo. Sama da   tsawo sune gandun daji na tsaunuka da wuraren ciyawa na tsaunukan tsaunuka, gandun daji, da wuraren ciwon daji da shrublands. Yankin yana da alamar kasancewar nau'in Afromontane, waɗanda ke da rarrabawar tsibirin a duk faɗin tsaunuka na Afirka kuma sun bambanta da tsire-tsire masu ƙasƙanci. Nau'in bishiyoyin afromontane na al'ada sune Nuxia congesta, Olea capensis, Podocarpus milanjianus, Prunus africana, Myrsine melanophloeos, da Syzygium staudtii . Lorelei Verlhac, Kenji Izumi, Anne-Marie Lézine, Kévin Lemonnier, Guillaume Buchet, Gaston Achoundong, Barthélémy Tchiengué (2018). 

Gidajen da ke cikin tsaunuka daga 850 zuwa 1600 yawanci suna da rufin rufi. Bishiyoyi na yau da kullun sun haɗa da nau'ikan Alchornea, tare da nau'in halayen al'ummomin shuke-shuke da ke kusa, kamar gandun daji masu laushi (nau'in Ficus, Santiria, Symphonia, Allanblackia da Anthocleista) da savanna (nau'ikan Lannea, Bridelia, Lophira, da Fabaceae). Ciyawa suna da yawa a cikin bene. Daga mita 1600 zuwa 2000, itatuwa daga iyalin Euphorbiaceae sun fi yawa, gami da nau'in Macaranga, Alchornea, da Mallotus. Savanna da nau'ikan gandun daji masu laushi - Ficus, Lophira, Bridelia, Lannea, da Fabaceae - suma suna nan. Afromontane jinsin Astropanax yana da yawa, kuma nau'in Afromontine ciki har da Olea capensis, Syzygium, Maesa, Meliaceae, da Clematis suna girma a cikin ƙananan lambobi. Ciyawa sun kasance na kowa a cikin gandun daji.Lorelei Verlhac, Kenji Izumi, Anne-Marie Lézine, Kévin Lemonnier, Guillaume Buchet, Gaston Achoundong, Barthélémy Tchiengué (2018). 

dazuzzuka na Afromontane suna girma sama da mita 2000 tsawo. Ƙananan gandun daji na tsaunuka gabaɗaya suna da murfin da ya fi na submontane da na sama, tare da ƙananan ciyawa a cikin inuwa. Bishiyoyi a cikin ƙananan gandun daji na Afromontane sun haɗa da nau'ikan Astropanax, Alchornea, Myrica, da Ilex, da dabino Elaeis guineensis. Nuxia congesta, Olea capensis, da Astropanax sun fi yawa daga 2270 zuwa 2500 mita tsawo. A cikin gandun daji na sama daga mita 2500 zuwa 2945 tsawo Podocarpus milanjianus da Astropanax sun fi yawa, tare da Myrsine melanophloeos, Syzygium, Prunus africana, Ixora, da shrubs da ganye kamar Isoglossa, Pavetta, Rubus, da Impatiens. Lorelei Verlhac, Kenji Izumi, Anne-Marie Lézine, Kévin Lemonnier, Guillaume Buchet, Gaston Achoundong, Barthélémy Tchiengué (2018). 

A cikin tsaunuka na arewa, gami da Adamawa Plateau, Hosséré Vokré, da tsaunukan Alantika, yanayin ya bushe kuma ruwan sama ya fi na yanayi. dazuzzuka na submontane gabaɗaya ba su nan, kuma gandun daji na Afromontane suna sauyawa kai tsaye zuwa savanna. dazuzzukan Afromontane a kan tsaunukan Hosséré Vokré da Alantika galibi an iyakance su ne ga kwarin rafi da raƙuman ruwa, waɗanda yankunan tsaunuka ko ciyawa suka raba.BirdLife International (2024) Endemic Bird Areas factsheet: Cameroon mountains. B. Larison, T. B. Smith, D. Mcniven, R. Fotso, M. Bruford, K. Holbrook,and A. Lamperti, Faunal Surveys of Selected Montane and Lowland Areas of Cameroon, WWF Cameroon, 1996, unpubl. 

Yankin ericaceous wani canji ne tsakanin gandun daji na sama da tsaunuka masu tsawo, daga kimanin 2750 har zuwa mita 2950 tsawo. Shrubs da bishiyoyi masu tsayi na jinsin Ericaceae, gami da Erica mannii da Erica silvatica, sun fi yawa.Lorelei Verlhac, Kenji Izumi, Anne-Marie Lézine, Kévin Lemonnier, Guillaume Buchet, Gaston Achoundong, Barthélémy Tchiengué (2018). 

Yankunan ciyawa na Subalpine suna girma sama da mita 2800, tare da ciyawa da yawa, da ganye a cikin jinsunan Alchemilla da Anthospermum da iyalai Caryophyllaceae, Asteraceae, da Lamiaceae.Lorelei Verlhac, Kenji Izumi, Anne-Marie Lézine, Kévin Lemonnier, Guillaume Buchet, Gaston Achoundong, Barthélémy Tchiengué (2018). 

 Dabbobi 
Yankin yana da nau'o'in halittu da yawa, tare da wasu da yawa waɗanda ake samu a kusa da Dutsen Kamaru da Bioko montane ecoregion.

Nau'o'in tsuntsaye guda shida suna da iyaka: Bamenda apalis (Apalis bamendae), fararen dutse mai ƙuƙwalwa (Kupeornis gilberti), ido mai ƙuɓɓugar (Platysteira laticincta), Bannerman's weaver (Ploceus bannermani), Dutsen Kupe kupe-shrike (Telophorus bamendae) da Bannerman bushco (Tauraco bannermani),) wanda shine alamar al'adu ga Mutanen Kom da ke zaune a yankin. Nau'o'i bakwai suna cikin gandun daji na Kamaru da Dutsen Kamaru: Kamaru greenbul (Arizelocichla montana), Bangwa forest warbler (Bradypterus bangwaensis), launin toka mai launin toka (Phyllastrephus poliocephalus), mai launin rawaya mai launin fata (Laniarius atroplavesus), kore-breasted bushshrike (Malaconotus gladiator), dutse-chat (Cossyphicula isabwa) da kuma nau'in da aka dauka a Ccolaor, discolor. Ana raba wasu nau'o'in tsaunuka guda tara tare da Dutsen Kamaru da Bioko: greenbul na yamma (Arizelocichla tephrolaema), Greenbul na zaitun na Kamaru (Phyllastrephus poensis), warbler na gandun daji mai baƙar fata (Phylloscopus herberti), kore longtail (Urolais epichlorus), warbler mai farin-tailed (Poliolais lopezi), Cameroon (Cyanomitra ko), Ursula's sunbird (Cinnyris (Cinyinyerusher (Conn), Shonnonn) ) sunback (Cinyer), Shonn) BirdLife International (2024) Endemic Bird Areas factsheet: Cameroon mountains. 

Ƙananan nau'ikan dabbobi masu shayarwa guda goma sha ɗaya suna cikin yankin: linzamin kwamfuta naL. eisentrauti (Hybomys eisentrauti), Dutsen Oku hylomyscus (Hylomyscus grandis),Dutsen Oku rat (Lamottemys okuensis), linzamin kumallo mai laushi na Mittendorf (Lemniscomys mittendorfi), linzarin Dieterlen's brush-furred (Lophuromys dieter) da linzamin murya mai laushi mai laushi (L. Eisentraut's (Mrew) 

Yankin yana da gida ga dabbobi masu yawa da ke cikin haɗari, gami da gorilla na Cross River (Gorilla Gorilla diehli), wani nau'in gorilla na yamma, drill na ƙasa (Mandrillus leucophaeus), Preuss's red colobus (Pilocolobus preussi), chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) da nau'ikan guenon da yawa ciki har da biri na Preuss (Cercopithecus preussi). 

Nau'o'in amphibians guda arba'in suna cikin yankin: Petropedetes parkeri, Petropedetes perreti, [./<i id=]Phrynobatrachus_cricogaster" id="mwAQU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Phrynobatrachus cricogaster">Phrynobatrachus cricogaster, Phrynobatrachus steindachneri, Phrylynobatrachu werneri, nau'o'ikan Phrynopatrachus, nau'in Phrynodon, Cardioglossa, Lectylus, Leptylus, Plodi, Lebybybybyllll, Leby, Lebyll, Lus, Lebythus, Lect, Lebyllus, Letresi, Lebylossa, Leny, Lebylo, Lebyd, Lebyus, Levin, Lebytr, Lebyrus, Lebyt, Lebyland, Lebyly, Lebytous, Le, Lyl, Lylus, Lyld, Lylod, Lylyl, Lbyllus, Lenyus, Lby, Lylon, Lylum, Lbybyl, Lbyd, Lbyth, Lyl.

Wadannan dabbobi masu rarrafe kuma ana daukar su a matsayin masu yawa: Atractaspis coalescens, Pfeffer's chameleon (Trioceros pfefferi), chameleon mai ƙaho huɗu (Trio Ceros quadricornis), Leptosiaphos ianthinoxantha da Angel's five-toed skink (Lacertaspis lepesmei).  Gecko Ancylodactylus alantika yana cikin tsaunukan Alantika da Hosséré Vokré.

 Yankunan birane da ƙauyuka 
A Kamaru tsaunuka suna da yawan jama'a kuma ana amfani da su don noma da kiwo; yawancin wannan yankin yana cikin Yankin Arewa maso Yamma da Adamawa. Garuruwa sun hada da Bamenda, babban birnin Arewa maso Yamma da kuma tushe don ziyartar duwatsu ciki har da Oku, Kilum-Ijim Forest da Lake Nyos. A Najeriya yankin ecoregion yafi a kan Mambila Plateau, wani yanki na noma da makiyaya a Jihar Taraba.

 Karewa da barazanar 
Ana ci gaba da share gandun daji don itace, katako da kuma ƙirƙirar gonaki, kuma yawancin duwatsu sun rasa adadi mai yawa na gandun daji. Akwai karancin kariya ta muhalli.

 Yankunan da aka kare 
6.9% na yankin yana cikin wuraren da aka kiyaye. Yankunan da aka kare sun hada da Gashaka-Gumti National Park, Korup National Park, Bayang-Mbo Wildlife Sanctuary, Santchou Faunal Reserve, Gangoro Forest Reserve, Mai Samari Forest Reserve, Ngel-Nyaki Forest Reserve, River Nwum Forest Reserve, Kakara Forest Reserve, da Nguroje Forest Reserve.

 manazarta 

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