Harshen Bantawa

Harshen Bantawa (wanda kuma ake kira An Yüng, Bantaba, Bantawa Dum, Bantaw Yong, Bantawe Yüng, Vontawa, Kirawa Yüng), yare ne na Kiranti da ake magana a gabashin tsaunukan Himalayan na gabashin Nepal ta kabilun Kirati Bantawa. Suna amfani da tsarin haruffa na syllabic da aka sani da Kirat Rai . Daga cikin mutanen Khambu  Rai na Gabashin Nepal, Sikkim, Darjeeling da Kalimpong a Indiya, Bantawa shine mafi girman yaren da ake magana. Dangane da Ƙididdigar Ƙasa ta 2001, aƙalla 1.63% na yawan mutanen Nepal suna magana da Bantawa. Kimanin 370,000 suna magana da harshen Bantawa galibi a yankunan tsaunuka na gabashin Nepal (2001). Ko Bantawa yana daga cikin nau'ikan da aka fi amfani da su a ko'ina na yaren Bantawa, ya fada cikin rukunin harsuna masu haɗari.  fuskantar canjin harshe zuwa Nepali, musamman a yankin arewa.

Ana magana  Bantawa a cikin tsari na batun-abu-kalma, kuma ba shi da nau'ikan suna ko jinsi.

 Harsuna 
Yawancin dangin Bantawa yanzu suna zaune a Bhojpur, Dharan, Illam, da Dhankuta. Adadin kwanan nan sun nuna cewa mafi yawansu suna zaune ne a Dharan. Ana magana da Bantawa a cikin gundumomi masu zuwa na Nepal (Ethnologue).

 Lardin No. 1: Gundumar Bhojpur, Gundumar Dhankuta, Gunduma ta Ilam, Gundumar Jhapa, Gundume ta Khotang, Gunduniyar Morang, Gundumi ta Okhaldhunga, Gunduri ta Panchthar, Gundumar Sunsari, Gundumar Taplejung da Gundumar Udayapur
 Sikkim, Darjeeling, Kalimpong na Indiya

Harsuna kamar haka (Ethnologue).

 Arewacin Bantawa (Dilpali) 

 Yankunan arewa: Mangpahang, Raipachha, Awaichha, Rungchenbung da Yangma

 Kudancin Bantawa (Chewali, Okhreli, Hatuwali, Hangkhim) 

 Kudancin da Arewacin Bantawa, irin wannan, za a iya haɗa su a matsayin 'Bantawa ta Tsakiya'.

 Gabashin Bantawa (Dhankuta) 

 Yaren Gabas shine mafi banbanci. Yana da alaƙa da Harshen Dungmali, kodayake yana da alaƙa le Harshen Puma, Harshen Sampang, da Harshen Chhintange.

 Yammacin Bantawa (Amchoke, Amchauke) 

 Harsunan Amchaucke: Sorung, Saharaja, Lulam, da Sukita

 Wana Bantawa (wanda kuma ake kira kawai Bantawa), wanda ƙabilar Bantawa ke magana. Ana magana da yaren Amchoke a yankin Limbu, musamman a gundumar Ilam.

An kuma dauki Bantawa a matsayin dangi mafi girma a cikin iyalin Kiranti. An kuma bayar da rahoton cewa ana amfani da Bantawa a matsayin harshen magana tsakanin 'yan tsiraru na Rai a Himalayan Sikkim, Darjeeling Kalimpong A Indiya da Bhutan. A halin yanzu, ana gabatar da yaren ne kawai a wasu makarantu a matakin firamare (Shekara 1-Shekara 5)  ta amfani da Rubutun Devanagari.

Harshen Waling da aka tabbatar daga ƙarshen karni na 19 na iya kasancewa nau'ikan Bantawa, ko kuma harshe mai alaƙa da juna, idan ba yaren Hatuwali da mutanen Waling ke magana a yau ba.

 Harshen Bantawa 

BantawaIPANepaliTuranciSewa haifaSewäTsayawaSafiya / Da yamma / maraice,Rashin jituwaKokKafiAbinci, shinkafaKhan Firayim MinistaKhanKafin kaCurryZa a iya amfani da shiMɨnätsiAyyukaMutaneSai dai ya mutudiwäBengali YanayiKakanDima tun daga nandimäTun da daɗewaKakarMahaifinmu ya fiDubipäYanayiUbaMahaifiyar da ke da alaƙamamaYarda da yawaUwarNana Nana da nannänäTun da daɗewaBabbar 'yar'uwaYankin Yankin YammanitshmäNishabo neƘaramar 'Yar'uwaDa ya kai ga yin hakandewäYaki da kumaBabba ga ubaYa zama mai sauƙidemäYa shiga cikin mutaneAunty Elder ga Dad / Babbar surukar DadYa yi amfani da shi sosaiBoppäFasahar da ta yiƘaramin kawun ubaChhɨna da ya shafitshɨnäHanyar shiga cikin mataMatar kawun ƙaramiYunkurin cin gashin kansaBɨwäYamma ya yiBabban Ɗan'uwaYarda da Yardanit͡shäBayaninƘaramin Ɗan'uwaNichha'o Chhachi ya yi hakan:nitshäʔo tshätsiYamma da kuma yaren da ya fi dacewa'Ya'yan'uwa maza ko mataAachhuwa, da kuma karamar hukuma,ätshuwa tshuwaYankin da ke cikin sararin samaniyaYaron mahaifiyartaAn yi amfani da shi sosaipek-waTun da itaKudiShirin da ya dacetitinWani abu ne da aka yi amfani da shiTufafiCha'wa: Kunt͡säʔwäFitowa daRuwaRashin aikiNiSakamakon hakaWutarYassaƙin DuniyathuliYankin da ya shafiGurasarSampicha ya kasance mai ban sha'awasämpit͡säBayani da aka yiMilletKyakkyawan halittar, da kumakhäwät wät͡shonƘarƙashin ƘarƙashiyaAna shayar da ruwan inabi a cikin gidaHengmawa da ke ƙasaheŋmäwäHar ila yau, ya kumaRum/Whisky/BrandyYa kasance mai ban sha'awaSai daiRubuce-rubuceNamaChhüna da kuma Chayat͡shɨnäAikin kasarAunty (Yar'uwar Uba) Sai dai, ya fito ne daga kasar nandiwä dimäSun mutu bayan sun mutuKakan, KakarYana da kyau a kan hanyarOhyätniYa kasance mai sauƙiA nanMoyatni ya yi fice a kan hanyarmatsakaiciYa tashiA canYa kasance a cikinkhädäNishaA inaRashin hankalidemniYunaninTa yayaRubuce-rubuceTun da yakeLokacin da ya yi aikiWannan yawaChama Palattt͡sämäRashin aikiDon cin abinciDon haka ya faru datɨ t͡säYa yi karatu a kan wani bangare?Kuna so ku ci?Kok Tücha? Hakan ya sa ya faru da shi? kok tɨ t͡säShin, wane irin ne? Shin kun ci shinkafa?KüngkɨŋKa'ida hakahakoraÜtloYa kasance a cikiYa zama hakamummunarZa a yi amfani da shimunimäYaren da aka yiKatin

 Fasahar sauti 

 Sautin sautin 
+Sautin sautinA gabaTsakiyaKomawaba a zagaye baKusaSunan i kuma SunanBayaniSanyaə ƙunshiYa kasance a wurinSanyau kasance a cikinYa kasance a cikinSanyaTsakanin TsakiyaYanayi kuma YanayiYanayi neSanyao cikin shekara taAiki ne akanSanyaBude-tsakiyaAn samo asali ne daga wannan yanayinAn tsara shiSanyaBudeA. yi amfani da shiAn yi amfani da shiSanya

 ʌ wasali ya zo ne a cikin Bantawa saboda tasirin yaren Nepali Zuwa ba a amfani dashi da yawa kamar a wasu yaren Tibet na Burma.
 a zamanin yau wasu yaren ko a yankin na iya furta /ɨ/ a matsayin [ʌ], [u], ko [ə].

Misali:  (ido) ana furta shi azaman , pɨ (macijin) azaman .

 Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi 
+Alamun sautin BantawaBiyuwaDentalApico-alveolarLamino-alveolarPalatalVelarGishiriHanciSunan m aka yiYa ƙunshiSanyaA cikin wannan yanayinAn tsara shi da yawaSanyaŋ kamata a yi amfani da shiRuwa da aka yiSanyaPlosive / AfricateRashin lafiyaba tare da murya baBa a sha shi baSunan p aka yiWannan yanayinSanyat̪ yayaYanayinSanyaSunubiyar TsaroSanya taƙaiceSashen t͡s za a iya yiYa kuma shigaSanyaSashen da ak tsaraYanayinSanyaʔ:Yanayin:Sanyada ake nemaYanayin ph ya shafiYa shafiSanyaSunan t̪h shafiWannan ya faruSanyath daga wannan lokacinSiffar da aka yiSanyaAn yi amfani da t͡sh a matsayinDakinSanyaSunan kh aka yiSunan hakaSanyamuryaBa a sha shi baSunan b aka yiSiffar LatinSanyad̪ tsara shi neYa shafiSanyaSashenSanya ta yiSunan zuraWannan ya shafiSanyaɡ samo asali ne daga wannan yanayinYa kasance a cikinSanyada ake nema__hau__ Sunan Bɦ ke cikin wannanYanayinSanyad̪ɦ kamata a yi amfani da shiWannan ya faruSanyaWannan dɦ faru da hakaWannan shi ne abin da ya faruSanyaTun d͡zɦ haka, da kuma na'uraWannan shi ne na cikiSanyaɡɦ yi amfani da shi a cikinYa kasance a SanyaFricatives da aka yiAn yi amfani da shi a matsayinSanyaAn yi amfani da shi a matsayinYa kamata a yi la'akari da shiSanyaTrillSunan r aka yiYa zama hakaSanyaHanyar gefenSashen l aka yiYa kamata a yi amfani da shiSanyaKusanciw w w w SashenWannan shi ne nufinSanyaj zama hakaWannan ya faruSanya

 Glotta stop [ʔ] yana daya daga cikin wakoki na harshen Bantawa wanda aka wakilta ta amfani da shi.
 Dental consonant da Apico-alveolar ba sa yin wani bambanci yayin magana.
 Ana amfani da Kirat Sirijunga lipi da Devanagari lipi don rubuta harshen Bantawa a Nepal.

 Bayanan da aka ambata 

 Ƙarin karantawa 

 Winter, Werner. 2003. A Bantawa Dictionary. Halin da ke cikin ilimin harshe - Takaddun 20. Ɗan rago na Gruyter: New York.
 Daidaitaccen bayani. 2009. A Grammar na Bantawa . Jami'ar Leiden PhD Thesis. LOT Rubutun Tattaunawa: Utrecht.


 Haɗin waje 

 Tsarin Bantawa
 Bantawa: lura da harshen da ke fuskantar barazana
Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba