Yaren Karkar

Harshen Karkar, wanda aka fi sani da Yuri, shine kawai harshen Pauwasi na Gabas na Papua New Guinea. Akwai kusan masu magana dubu a kan iyakar Indonesian da ake magana a Green River Rural LLG, Lardin Sandaun.

 Tsarin rubuce-rubuce 
+ haruffa [1]aAaezuwada kumashi neiƘarioko kumaufF.W.kkwmmwmmpmpwnnknkwntppwrstwda kuma

 Harsuna 
Harsuna sune:

 Yaren Yuri na Arewa ta Tsakiya, ana magana da shi a ƙauyen Yuri (3°53′42′′S 141°10′35′′E / 3.89509°S 141.176452°E / -3.89509; 141.175452 (Yuri Settlement)), Abaru ward, Green River Rural LLG
 Yaren Auia-Tarauwi, ana magana da shi a ƙauyen Auia (Auiya) (3°50′19′′S 141°08′18′′E / 3.838611°S 141.138294°E / -3.838611.; 141.139294 (Auiya 1)), Auiya 1 ward, Green River Rural LLG; kuma a Tarauwi (Trowari) ƙauye (3°50'16′′S 141 °02′07E / 3.8337695°S 143.035"E / 141.335) Rural G; Kambro173173174°E;
 Yaren Usari, ana magana da shi a ƙauyen Usari (3°51′15′′S 141°08′53′′E / 3.854202°S 141.148112°E / -3.854202; 141.14 8112 (Usari)), Auiya 1 ward, Green River Rural LLG

 Rarraba 
Karkar-Yuri ba shi da alaƙa da wani yare a Papua New Guinea, sabili da haka an daɗe ana tunanin shi yare ne. Wannan shine matsayin Wurm (1983), Foley (1986), da Ross (2005). Koyaya, Timothy Usher ya lura cewa yana da alaƙa da yarukan Pauwasi a fadin iyaka a Indonesia. Lalle ne, yana iya samar da ci gaba da yaren tare da harshen Pauwasi na Gabas Emem. Wannan Harald Hammarström, 2010. The status of the least documented language families in the world nuna a cikin wallafe-wallafen da ba na harshe ba: taswirar 1940 ta nuna yankin 'Enam' (Emem) kamar yadda ya haɗa da yankin Karkar a PNG, kuma masanin ilimin ɗan adam Hanns Peter ya san cewa yaren Karkar ya ci gaba a fadin iyaka zuwa yankin Emem.

 Abokan Pauwasi 
Cognates tsakanin Karkar-Yuri da Iyalin Pauwasi (harsunan Tebi da Zorop) da Foley ya lissafa (2018): 

 Wakilan sunaye 
Wakilan da Ross ya lissafa (2005):
sgpl1 Na farkoa kan-oyin-o1inƊauki-2am-oyum-o3Ma-o
Abubuwan da ke cikin nau'ikan suna ɗaukar -an, wani lokacin suna maye gurbin -o: onan, amoan, mutum, yinan, námoan, yumoan. Mao mai nunawa ne 'wannan, wadanda'; ya bambanta da nko, nkoan 'wani (s) '.

Wakilan da Foley ya lissafa (2018) sune: 

 Fasahar sauti 
Matsayin damuwa yana da rikitarwa, amma ba phonemic a cikin morphemes ba. Tsarin sautin shine CVC, ana zaton ana nazarin jerin hanci-plosive a matsayin sassan da aka tsara.

 Sautin sautin 
Karkar yana da lissafin wasula wanda ya kunshi wasula 11, wanda ake la'akari da shi sosai ga harshen Papuan.
+Karkar sautiniƘariuda kuma  ə  o  ɛOwuɐƘarshen
Har ila yau akwai diphthong zuwa ɗaya, ao  . A rubuta sautin á o="#mwt59" class="IPA nowrap" data-mw='{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"IPA","href":"./Template:IPA"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"/ɐ/"}},"i":0}}]}' data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwAWM" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" typeof="mw:Transclusion">/ɐ/, é , ae , o , ko , ɨ .

Foley (2018) ya lissafa wasula 11 na Karkar-Yuri kamar haka: :
iƘariuda kumaəoæ neZuwaOwuaɒ
Wasu bambance-bambance na tsawo na wasali a cikin Karkar-Yuri (Foley 2018): :

 ki 'yam'
 Kɨ 'ya rabu'
 ku 'yanka a tsakiya a rabi'
 ke 'mai cin abinci'
 Kər 'sanya a cikin netbag'
 ko 'zaki'
 kæ 'kwai'
 kʌʔr 'wamp'
 kɔ 'sake'
 kar 'magana'
 kɒ 'nau'in tsuntsaye'

 Kɨr 'jan tsuntsu na aljanna' (Paradisaea rubra) 
 Kər 'sanya a cikin jaka'
 kʌʔr 'wamp'
 kar 'magana'

 Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi 
+Karkar consonantsLabialAlveolarRetroflex/palatalVelarGlottalNasalmmʷnˀmˀnStopᵐpᵐpʷⁿtᵑkᵑkʷppʷtkkʷʔFricativeffʷsFlapˀɾɽApproximantjw

Manazarta 

Category:Harsuna
Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba