Yaren Shilluk

Shilluk (an Samar da , [d̪ɔ́ (ɡ) nsibukowa])  yare ne da Mutanen Shilluk na Sudan ta Kudu ke magana. Yana da alaƙa da sauran yarukan Luo.  Shilluk furcin asalin Larabci ne.

 Fasahar sauti 

 Sautin sautin 
A gabaTsakiyaKomawaKusai  i̠   ɪ̠ [ɪ̠]u  u̠   ʊ̠ Tsakanin  e̠  [ɛ] ɛ̠  [o] o̠  [ɔ] ɔ̠ [ɔ̠]Budeʌ  ʌ̠   a̠ 
ɗayan waɗannan wasula kuma suna cikin tsari mai tsawo  kuma nau'i mai tsawo wanda ke da sauti.

 Tushen harshe mai ci gaba da janyewa 
Shilluk, kamar yawancin yarukan Nilotic, ya bambanta wasula bisa ga wurin da suke magana. Ana furta su tare da ci gaban tushen harshe ko tare da janyewar tushen harshe. Gilley yana amfani da kalmomin "ƙara larynx" ko "ƙara mai hurawa".

 tare  ci gaban tushen harshe sune , , [o], [ɔ],  da kuma bambance-bambance masu tsawo. Sautin da ke da maɓallin tushen harshe ana nuna su ta hanyar macron a ƙarƙashin harafin: , , , [ɔ̠],  da  da kuma bambance-bambance masu tsawo.

 Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi 
LabariCoronalDorsalDentalAlveolarPalatalVelarHancim [m]n̪ [n̪]n [n]ɲ [ɲ]ŋ [ŋ]Plosivep [p]t̪ [t̪]t [t]c [c]k [k]b [b]d̪ [d̪]d [d]j [ɟ]g [ɡ]Fricatives [s]Ruwar [r]l [l]Glidew [w]kuma [j]

 Sauti 
Shilluk yana  wadataccen kayan sautuna, tare da akalla alamun sautuna bakwai na musamman ko tonemes.

Akwai matakan matakan guda uku: Low, Mid da High. Bugu da ƙari, akwai siffofi huɗu - Rise da kuma siffofi uku masu faduwa: Fall, High Fall da Late Fall. Wadannan ana nuna su ta hanyar alamomi masu zuwa:
Bayani na sautinMai nuna alamarSautin sautiMatsayiƘananancv̀c (mai tsanani) SanyaTsakanincv̄c (macron) SanyaBabbacvvc (mai tsauri) SanyaAn yi amfani da shiTashin hankalicv̌c (caron) SanyaFaɗuwacv̂c (circumflex) SanyaFaduwa Mai Girmacv̂́c (circumflex tare da ƙarancin magana) SanyaƘarshen Faɗuwacvvv̀ (harshen magana da ya biyo bayan babbar magana) Sanya

 Tsarin sautin 
kalmomi asalin da ba a canza su ba sun fi yawa. Tare da 'yan kaɗan, waɗannan ƙwayoyin monosyllabic yawanci sun ƙunshi farawa, wasali (nucleus), da coda. Tsarin  shine: C (Cj/w) V (V) (V) C.

 Harshen harshe 

 Yanayin Yanayi 
Tushen monosyllabic yana haifar da kalmomin polysyllabic ta hanyar matakai na samo asali ko juyawa.  aikatau da sunaye iri ɗaya, prefixes na yau da kullun sune /a- ʊ-/, kuma mafi yawan suffixes sune /-Cɪ -ɪ -a (-ɔ) / . Bugu  ƙari, sauye-sauye na tsawon wasali da sautin suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin yanayin juyawa.

 Kalmomin 

 Nau'o'in magana mai sauƙi 
Kalmomin Shilluk masu wucewa suna da tushen sauti wanda ya ƙunshi kalma ɗaya mai rufewa na nau'in / C (j / w) V (V) C / . "Wato, tushen wasula ko dai gajere ne ko tsawo, kuma tarin sassan an ƙuntata shi zuwa farkon, inda ko dai daga cikin sassan /w,j/ na iya bin wani sashi. "  Akwai azuzuwan bakwai da aka rarrabe ta hanyar sauyawa dangane da tsawon wasula da sautin. Wadannan bambance-bambance an kwatanta su da batun-murya da ta gabata, wanda ya gabata na mutum na biyu, da kuma abu-murya mara cikakke a cikin teburin da ke ƙasa.
+Nau'o'i Bakwai na Kalmomin Transitive Kalma
azuzuwanKyakkyawan gajeren lokaciTakaitaccen matsayiTsawon LokaciƘanananRashin faduwaƘanananRashin faduwaƘanananRashin faduwaBabban faduwaMisali{Jiskiya'a} 'yanci'{lɛ̂ŋ} 'ƙwanƙwasawa'{càm} 'ci'{mʌ̂l} 'yaushi'{lɛ̀toge} ' jefawa'{mâat̪} 'sha'{m__wol____wol____wol__} 'yabo'SV da ya gabataKristiA-lɛŋa-càma-mʌ̂lA kaia-mâat̪A-m yawon shakatawa2SG da ya gabataKristiA--lɛ̂ŋA-caama-mʌlA-lɛ́ ya zamaa-mâaat̪A-m ya yi aikiOV IMPFMai faɗakarwaʊ̀-lɛ̂ŋ-ɔ̀ʊ̀-càaam-ɔ̀ʊ̀-mʌ̂-ɔ́Rashin jituwa daʊ̀-mâaat̪-ɔ̀Kayan aiki na yau da kullun

 Sunaye 
Canjin ma'anar ana nuna shi ta hanyar Alamar kai: mai mahimmanci da kuma gine-gine duka biyu ne da ke nuna kai, ba mai dogaro ba. Misali, Ingilishi yana da ƙwararrun mutum, inda kai yake ƙwararrun kuma alamar mallaka tana kan mutumin da ya dogara. Sabanin haka, Shilluk yana da wani abu mai mahimmanci a kan kai (misali, Duup = "rashin hankali", dû́uup = "Rashin hankali na".

An yi alama da lambar, amma ba a gano tsarin da za a iya hangowa ba.  haka, akwai alamu daban-daban sama da 140 na alamar lambobi a kan sunaye.

Lambobin a cikin Shilluk sunaye ne.

 Rubutun kalmomi 
An kirkiro haruffa na Latin don Shilluk ta hanyar mishaneri na Kirista a farkon karni na 20.  Akwai haruffa  a cikin rubutun Shilluk; wasula 10 da ƙamus 19.
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 Rubutun samfurin 

 Manazarta 

Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba