Yaren Ila

Ila (Chiila) yare ne na Zambia . Maho (2009) ya lissafa Lundwe (Shukulumbwe) da Sala a matsayin harsuna daban-daban da suka fi alaƙa da Ila. Ila yana ɗaya daga cikin harsunan duniya da aka haɗa a cikin Voyager Golden Record . 

 Rubutun kalmomi 

 ch a zahiri ya bambanta daga "k" zuwa "mai rauni" na Turanci "ch", zuwa "mai ƙarfi" "ch" zuwa "ty".   [<span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (October 2021)">clarification needed</span>]
 j kamar yadda sauti mai murya ya dace da wannan saboda haka ya bambanta "g" / Turanci "j" / "dy" / da "y".   [<span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (October 2021)">clarification needed</span>]
 v an bayar da rahoton cewa murya ce ta labiodental fricative /v/ kamar yadda yake a cikin Turanci, kuma vh iri ɗaya da aka yi wa lakabi da aspirated /vwh/ ("ɓunan da suka fi zagaye tare da fitowar numfashi").
 zh shine muryar murya ta post-alveolar fricative /ʒ/; Faransanci kamar yadda yake a gaisuwa.
 e.g. D.V.Perrott, Teach Yourself Swahili, English Universities Press, London, 1969.ng shine muryar murya mai suna velar nasal sannan aka biyo baya da muryar muryar murna, /ŋg/ kamar yadda yake a cikin RP Turanci "fingur", yayin da ng' alama ce mai murya mai murya /ŋ/ kamar yadda a cikin "mawakin" - ana lura da irin wannan bambanci a cikin Swahili.

 Fricatives na baki da baki 
Doke (1928) ya bayyana wasu ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadadden ƙayyadamuran ƙayyadada a cikin Ila, Kafue Twa da Lundwe . Didier Demolin & Cédric Patin, "Phonetics". In The Oxford Encyclopedia of Bantu Languages.

A cikin Ila da ya dace, /hɣ*, h̰ɣ*, ɦɣ*/ su "canjin fricatives na glottal wanda iska ke wucewa ta makogwaro tare da tsinkaye mai yawa, kuma ana canza shi ta hanyar jefa shi a kan tudun da ba su da hakora The Ila had the custom of knocking out the six upper central teeth of adults. The pronunciation of these sounds by children with teeth, however, is very close to that of the adults. da kuma cikin lebe na sama, yana haifar da tsinkaya tare a can. ... Harshen yana cikin matsayi na wasula na velar don haka suna da u-, wanda a bayyane yake da wani sashi na [com] fricitant] Doke ya fassara waɗannan sautunan kawai 意, h, 意.

Lundwe da Kafwe Twa suna da fricative  . "An samar da wannan sauti tare da matsayin harshe mai kama da Ila [ʒ] amma tare da murya mai yawa a cikin makogwaro a lokaci guda. "

 Sauti da damuwa 
'Azu' nuna sautin ta hanyar bambanta aze tare da babban farar a kan sashi na farko (= "tare da shi") tare da aze tare da babbar farar a cikin sashi na biyu (= "shi ma"). Edwin Smith & Andrew Murray Dale, The Ila-Speaking Peoples of Northern Rhodesia, 1919, reprinted by University Books Inc., New York, 1968.

 Wasu kalmomi da jimloli 

 Ing'anda - gida
 imboni - pupil na ido
 ipeezhyo - buroshi;broom
 indimi - harsuna
 lemeka - girmamawa (kalma) 
 bamba - shirya
 Bamambila - sun shirya mini
 Balanumba - suna yabon ni
 Shin buzani - wannan nama
 Bobu mbuzani - wannan nama ne
 chita - don yin, ana amfani da shi don nufin 'Ba ni da ra'ayi'
 chisha - don yin
 Katal - ya gaji
 katazhya - don ya gaji
 ukatazhya-ya ƙi a aika shi; ƙarancin
 Don'tuna - Ina son ka
 Tuumba-Na gode maka
 impongo - awaki Edwin Smith & Andrew Murray Dale, The Ila-Speaking Peoples of Northern Rhodesia, 1919, reprinted by University Books Inc., New York, 1968.

 Wasu kwatance-kwatance 

 Ila: ishizhyi - dimness; Sotho: lefifi - duhu; Xhosa: "ubufifi" - dimness); Nyanja: chimfifi - sirri;

Bemba: IMFIFI - duhu; Kisanga: mfinshi - duhu; da Bulu (Ewondo): "dibi" - duhu.

 Ideophones ko kalmomin kwaikwayon 
Kalmomi a cikin Turanci kamar "Splash!", "Gurgle", "Ker-putt" suna bayyana ra'ayoyi ba tare da amfani da jimloli ba. Smith da Dale Edwin Smith & Andrew Murray Dale, The Ila-Speaking Peoples of Northern Rhodesia, 1919, reprinted by University Books Inc., New York, 1968. sun nuna cewa irin wannan magana ta zama ruwan dare a cikin yaren Ila:

<Kai! id="mwgQ">Kuna iya cewa Ndamuchina anshi ("Ina jefa shi ƙasa"), amma yana da sauƙin gaske kuma ya fi ƙarfin faɗi kawai Ti!Smith & Dale, volume 2, page 293., kuma yana nufin iri ɗaya.

Wasu misalai:

 Mutum wawa - Mutum ya fadi
 Wawa mba - ya fadi kai tsaye
 Ka yi! - Ya fadi a kai
 Mbo! Mobo! Mobo! mbò! - (tare da raguwar sautin a kan sashi na ƙarshe) Ya faɗi sannu a hankali
 Mbwa! - yana sauka, kamar a cikin kujera
 Wa! Wa! Wa! Wa!- Ruwan sama yana raguwa
 Sai suka yi farin ciki. A yi amfani da shi! A yi amfani da shi! - na tururuwa, yana fadowa akai-akai daga babban tsawo
 Ndamuchina anshi - Na jefa shi ƙasa
 Kai! - ka'idar
 Kai! - tsagewa, tsagewa
 Amana ka! - Al'amarin ya ƙare
 To-o! - Da yake da zaman lafiya!
 Wi! - Dukkanin kwanciyar hankali ne
 Ka yi hakan! - Dukkanin kwanciyar hankali ne
 Tuh! - bindiga tana tashi
 Pi! - Phew, yana da zafi!
 Ka karanta! - Yuck, yana da zafi!
 Ka yi amfani da ita! - Erh, yana da zaki!
 Lwe! - Yum, mai dadi!
 Mutanen da suke yi! - Yana da duhu
 Mutanen da suke yi! Ya yi muni! Ya yi muni! Ya yi muni! - Yana da duhu sosai
 Sekwè sekwè! - tashiwar gansa
 nachisekwe - goose

 Gabatarwar aji 
Kamar yadda yake a wasu harsuna da yawa, Ila yana amfani da tsarin nau'ikan suna. Ko dai tsarin kamar yadda Smith da Dale suka gabatar Edwin Smith & Andrew Murray Dale, The Ila-Speaking Peoples of Northern Rhodesia, 1919, reprinted by University Books Inc., New York, 1968. ya fi sauƙi fiye da na Nyanja, Thomas Price, The Elements of Nyanja for English-Speaking Students, Church of Scotland Mission, Blantyre (Malawi), 1959. ChiChewa, ChiChewa Intensive Language Course, Language Centre, Lilongwe, 1969 Tonga, C.R.Hopwood, A Practical Introduction to ChiTonga, Zambia Educational Publishing House, Lusaka, 1940, 1992. ko Bemba, Grammar notes in Rev. E. Hoch, Hippocrene Concise Dictionary: Bemba: Bemba - English, English - Bemba, Hippocrene Books, Inc., New York, 1998. ko marubutan sun yi tsalle a kan rikitarwa ta hanyar amfani da rukunin "mahimmanci wasika":

 Kwalejin 1. mutum ɗaya: prefix: mu-; s/l.  (= "ma'anar harafi" aikatau, adjective, da dai sauransu. prefix da ya dace da aji:) u-, w-
 Kwalejin 1. jam'i. prefix: ba-; s/l. b-
 aji na 2. raira waƙa. prefix: mu-; s/l. u-, w-
 aji na 2. pl. prefix: mi-; s/l. i-, y-
 aji na 3. raira waƙa. prefix: i-, di-; s/l. l-, d-
 aji na 3. pl. prefix: ma-'; s/l. a-
 aji na 4. raira waƙa. prefix: bu- abstract sunaye; s/l. b- aji na 4. pl. prefix: ma-'; s/l. a-
 aji na 5. raira waƙa. prefix: ku- sau da yawa sunayen wuri; s / l. k-
 aji na 5. pl. prefix: ma-'; s/l. a-
 aji na 6. raira waƙa. prefix: ka- a karamin ma'ana; s / l. k- aji na 6. pl. prefix: tu- raguwa kai- yawa; s/l. t- aji na 7. raira waƙa. prefix: chi- "abu" aji; s / l. ch- aji na 7. pl. prefix: shi-; s/l. sh- aji na 8. raira waƙa. prefix: in-; s/l. i-, y- aji na 8. pl. prefix: in-; s/l. y-, sh- aji na 9. raira waƙa. prefix: lu-; s/l. l- aji na 9. pl. prefix: in-; s/l. y-, sh- aji na 10. raira waƙa. prefix: lu-; s/l. l- aji na 10. pl. prefix: ma-'; s/l. a-

 mu- - a hutawa a ciki, motsi a ciki, motsawa daga;
 ku- - matsayi a, zuwa, daga
 Lyndon Harries, A Grammar of Mwera Witwatersrand University Press, Johannesburg, 1950.Mukanda wa Leza (The Bible in KiSanga/Sanga, southern Congo D.R.), Trintarian Bible Society, London SW19, 1991.a- - hutawa a kan, zuwa ko daga kashe (Ka kwatanta pa- prefix a Sanga, da dai sauransu). ) 

 Mung'anda mulashia - Cikin gidan yana da duhu.
 Kung'anda kulashia - A kusa da gidan yana da duhu.
 Ang'anda alashia - Duhu yana kan gidan.

 Tsarin aikatau na Ila 

Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba