Niama

Niama (c.1734 - 12 Yuni 1809) gimbiya ce 'yar Senegal, wacce aka yi bauta, kuma 'yancinta na nufin ta zama ɗaya daga cikin bayi na farko da aka 'yanta a Réunion. Ita kuma ita ce mahaifiyar masanin ilmin taurari, masanin ilmin halitta da ilimi Jean-Baptiste Lislet Geoffroy.

 Tarihin Rayuwa 
An haifi Niama a shekara ta 1734 a garin Tuabou, wani ƙauye da ke cikin masarautar Galam, a ƙasar Senegal ta yau.    Kakanta shine Sarki Tonca kuma mahaifinta ya kamata ya gaji sarauta.  Inventory of Slave Sites An gane ta a matsayin gimbiya na masarauta.  A shekara ta 1743 a lokacin yaƙi a masarautar, an kashe kakan Niama da sauran danginta da yawa, kuma ita, tare da wasu ƴan uwanta, Faransawa waɗanda suka kafa cibiyar kasuwanci a Ndjar sun bautar da ita bayi.   Yayin da akasarin mutanen da aka yi bautar da aka yi jigilar su zuwa yamma a kan hanyar cinikin bayi na Atlantic, Niama da sauran an tura su zuwa gabas, a kusa da Cape of Good Hope zuwa yankunan Faransanci a cikin Tekun Indiya. 

An sauke shi a ko dai Ile de Bourbon ko Ile de France, Niama Pierre David, wanda babban manajan Compagnie du Sénégal ne ya saya. Ta yi baftisma kuma aka ba ta suna Kirista Marie-Geneviève. A cikin 1746, an nada David Gwamna Janar na Île de France da Île Bourbon kuma ta ci gaba da zama mallakin sa. Duk da haka, a shekara ta 1749, ya sayar da ita ga Jean-Baptiste Geoffroy, wanda injiniyan Faransa ne da ke zaune a tsibirin. Dangantakar jima'i  tsakanin su biyun sun haɓaka kuma, a cikin 1751, an haifi 'yarsu Jeanne Thérèse. Bayanan baftisma ta bayyana cewa ita ce: "Jeanne Thérèse, 'yar Niama, bawan Geoffroy". Duk da haka an haramta dangantaka tsakanin masu mallaka da bayi a cikin mulkin mallaka kuma Geoffroy da Niama sun tilasta barin Mauritius kuma sun koma taron da ba a cika yawan jama'a a 1752, inda suka zauna a Saint-Pierre. 

A cikin 1755 Niama da Geoffroy sun haifi ɗa na biyu: don hana wannan yaron daga haihuwa cikin bauta, Geoffroy ya 'yantar da Niama daga bauta.   An sake ta a ranar 23 ga Agusta 1755, kuma a wannan rana ɗansu Jean-Baptiste Lislet Geoffroy ya yi baftisma. Takardar baftismarsa ta karanta: “Jean-Baptiste, ɗan Jean-Baptiste da Niama, Guinea negress kyauta”. An haifi 'ya'ya biyu: Louis a 1758 da Jean-François a 1763. Ba a san wani abu ba game da rayuwar Niama, har sai da Jean-Baptiste Geoffroy ya mutu, bayan haka ta ƙaura zuwa Port-Louis don ta haɗu da babban ɗanta Jean-Baptiste Lislet Geoffroy (wasu ’ya’yanta biyu sun rigaya mahaifinsu rasuwa). 

Niama ta mutu a ranar 12 ga watan Yuni 1809 a Port-Louis, tana da shekaru 75. 

 Legacy 
A cikin 2015, an ba da shawarar sanya plaque na tunawa a Saint-Paul, Réunion, don maye gurbin ɗaya daga cikin plaques biyar da suka gabata waɗanda aka cire saboda alaƙarsu da cinikin bayi. 

An yi bikin tunawa da ƙauyen Haihuwar Niama na Tuabou a cikin 2017 lokacin da Héléna da Marie Laure daga Slamlakour - wata ƙungiyar mawaƙa ta Slam da ke tushen Réunion - sun ziyarci Senegal. 

Wani sabon wasan kwaikwayo na kiɗan da ya danganci rayuwarta, mai suna Niama Princesse-Esclavée-Libre an ƙaddamar da shi a cikin 2019 don tunawa da cika shekaru 170 na kawar da bauta a Réunion. An yi shi a Cibiyar Fasaha ta Caudan a cikin 2020.  Marubucin shine Shenaz Patel, wanda ya yi aiki tare da Archives départementales de La Réunion. 

 Tarihi 
Bayanan tarihin rayuwar da aka sani game da rayuwar Niama wata hanya ce mai mahimmanci don fahimtar bautar a cikin Tsibirin Mascarene, musamman na matan da aka bautar da rayuwarsu ba ta cikin tarihin tarihi.  Rayuwar Niama tana da mahimmanci tun tana ɗaya daga cikin bayi na farko da aka 'yantar a Réunion . 

 Nassoshi 

Category:Matan Senegal