Allahntaka

'Allahn' ko allahntaka abubuwa ne da ke da alaka da, sadaukar da kai, ko kuma suna fitowa daga allahntaka. Abin da yake ko ba allahntaka ba za a iya bayyana shi ba kamar yadda tsarin imani daban-daban ke amfani da shi. A karkashin allahntaka guda daya da allahntaka da yawa wannan an bayyana shi a sarari. Koyaya, a cikin pantheism da animism wannan ya zama daidai da ra'ayoyin tsarki da wucewa.

 Magana 
Tushen kalmar 'Allah' shine Latin divus ma'anar ko mallakar Allah (allahntaka). Kalmar ta shiga Turanci daga Latin na zamani a karni na 14.

 Amfani da shi 
Allahntaka a matsayin inganci yana da amfani daban-daban guda biyu:

 Ikon Allah ko iko - Ikon ko dakarun da ke duniya, ko kuma sun wuce ikon dan adam
 Allahntaka da aka yi amfani da ita ga mutane - Halayen mutane wadanda ake la'akari da samun dama ta musamman ko dangantaka da allahntaka.

Haduwa tana faruwa tsakanin wadannan amfani saboda alloli ko kungiyoyin allahntaka galibi iri daya ne ko kuma an gano su ta hanyar iko da dakarun da aka ba su - a lokuta da yawa, allahntaka kawai iko ne ko karfi da aka kwatanta - kuma wadannan iko da doki za a iya fadada ko ba su ga mutane masu Mutuwa.   Alal misali, Jehovah's yana da alaka da hadari da tsawa a cikin yawancin Tsohon Alkawari. An ce yana magana da tsawa, kuma ana ganin tsawa a matsayin alamar fushinsa. An ba da wannan ikon ga annabawa kamar Musa da Sama'ila, wadanda suka haifar da tsawa mai tsawa don ruwan sama a kan abokan gaba. Allahntaka koyaushe yana dauke da ma'anar nagarta, kyakkyawa, alheri, adalci, da sauran halaye masu kyau, na zamantakewa. A cikin addinan allahntaka guda daya akwai daidaitattun halittu masu ban mamaki da iko, kamar aljanu, aljanu da sauransu, wadanda ba a kira su allahntaka ba; ana amfani da aljanu sau da yawa a maimakon haka. Tsarin imani na polytheistic da na animistic ba ya yin irin wannan bambanci; alloli da sauran halittu masu iko sau da yawa suna da rikitarwa, maras kyau, ko ma abubuwan da ba a fahimta ba don ayyukansu. Lura cewa yayin da ake aljani da kalmomin aljanu da aljanu a cikin addinan Allahntaka guda ɗaya a matsayin antonyms ga allahntaka, a zahiri an samo su ne daga kalmar Helenanci daimón (δαίμων), wanda kansa ke fassara shi azaman allahntaka.

 Amfani a cikin jawabin addini 
Akwai amfani daban-daban guda uku na 'Allahntaka' da allahntaka a cikin jawabin addini:

 kungiyar 

A cikin addinan allahntaka guda daya, ana amfani da kalmar allahntaka sau da yawa don nuna Allah daya na tsakiya ga wannan bangaskiya. Sau da yawa kalmar tana daukar takamaiman labarin kuma an buga shi - "Allahntaka" - kamar dai Sunan da ya dace ne ko girmamawa ta karshe.   Ana iya amfani da Allahntaka - mai mahimmanci - a matsayin adjective don nuna alamun irin wannan allahntaka ko ikonsa: misali "basking a cikin kasancewar Allah..."  

Kalmomin 'Allahntaka' da allahntaka - ba a buga su ba, kuma ba su da takamaiman labarin - wani lokacin ana amfani da su don nuna 'allah (s)  ko wasu wasu halittu da dungiyoyi wadanda ba su da cikakkiyar Allahntaka amma suna waje da mulkin dan adam.  

 Ikon Allah ko iko 
Kamar yadda aka lura a baya, alloli suna da alaka da ikon da aka ba su,  don haka a wasu lokuta ana iya kiran iko ko dakarun da kansu da kansu. Wannan yana haifar da amfani na biyu na kalmar 'allahntaka' (kuma ba a saba amfani da allahntaka ba): don komawa ga aikin iko mai girma a duniya.

A cikin mafi kyawun tsari, aikin iko mai girma yana nuna wani nau'i na sa hannun Allah. Ga addinan allahntaka guda daya da na allahntaka da yawa wannan yawanci yana nuna aikin kai tsaye na wani allah ko wani a yayin abubuwan da suka faru na dan adam. A cikin tarihin Girka, alal misali, Poseidon (allahn teku) ne ya tayar da guguwar da ta hura jirgin Odysseus a kan hanyar dawowarsa, kuma al'adar Jafananci ta rike cewa iska da aka aiko ta cece su daga mamayar Mongol. Addu'o'i ko kafara galibi ana Mika su ga takamaiman alloli don samun sa hannun jari a wasu kamfanoni: misali tafiye-tafiye masu aminci, nasara a yaki, ko lokacin amfanin gona mai yawa. Addinai da yawa a duniya - daga Shinto na Japan da addinin gargajiya na kasar Sin, zuwa wasu ayyukan Afirka da addinan da aka samo daga wadanda ke cikin Caribbean, zuwa imanin 'yan asalin Amurka - suna rike da cewa alloli na kakanninmu ko na gida suna ba da kariya da albarka na yau da kullun.   A cikin addinai masu bin Allah daya, sa hannun Allah na iya daukar siffofi kai tsaye: mu'ujizai, wahayi, ko rodo ta mutane masu albarka.  [<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2020)">citation needed</span>]

karfi ko iko mai girma na iya aiki ta hanyar hanyoyin da ba su da ma'ana da kai tsaye. Addinai na Allah daya gaba daya suna tallafawa wasu nau'ikan tanadin Allah, wanda ya yarda cewa allahntakar bangaskiya tana da zurfi amma ba a san shi ba koyaushe yana bayyana a duniya. Abubuwan da ba a iya hangowa ba, masu yawa, ko kuma wadanda ba su da adalci galibi ana jefa su a kan 'nufin Allah', a cikin girmamawa kamar inshallah Musulmi ('kamar yadda Allah yake so') da kuma 'Allah yana aiki ta hanyoyi masu ban mamaki'. Sau da yawa irin wadannan imani suna rike da yiwuwar ramuwar gayya ta Allah, inda allahntaka ba zato ba tsammani zai kawo masu aikata Mugunta ga adalci ta hanyar ayyukan al'ada na duniya; daga boyewar warware kananan laifuffuka na mutum zuwa irin wannan babban lalacewa kamar halakar Saduma da Goma ko Babban Ambaliyar Littafi Mai-Tsarki. Sauran addinai sun fi rikitarwa: koyarwar karma da Addinin Buddha da Hindu suka raba doka ce ta allahntaka mai kama da fansa ta allahntakusa amma ba tare da ma'anar azabtarwa ba: ayyukanmu, masu kyau ko marasa kyau, da gangan ko marasa gangan, suna tunani a gare mu a matsayin wani bangare na aikin halitta na sararin samaniya. Har ila yau, [./<i id= Tao" id="mwmA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Taoism">Taoism] na falsafa yana ba da shawarar ka'idar aiki mai mahimmanci - wanda aka fassara a cikin Turanci a matsayin tao ko Dao, ma'ana 'hanyar' - wanda ba abu ba ne ko kuma mutum da kansa, amma yana nuna tsarin halitta na duniya.   Masana'antar yammacin zamani da falsafar sabuwar zamani galibi suna amfani da kalmar 'Allah' a matsayin suna a cikin wannan ma'anar: ka'idar da ba ta da takamaiman ko kasancewa ka'ida ke haifar da duniya, kuma yana aiki a matsayin tushen ko maɓuɓɓugar rayuwa. A cikin waɗannan lokuta na ƙarshe, addinai ba sa inganta girmamawa, ka yadda yake faruwa a cikin allahntaka daga; maimakon haka kowannensu yana ba da shawarar hanyar aiki wanda zai kawo mai aiki cikin daidaituwa da dokar allahntaka: ahimsa - 'babu lahani' - ga addinin Buddha da Hindu; de ko te - 'aiki mai kyau' - a cikin Taoism; da kuma duk wani aiki mai yawa na zaman lafiya da kauna a cikin tunanin sabon zamani.      [<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2020)">citation needed</span>]

 Mai Mutuwa 

A cikin amfani na uku, fadada allahntaka da ikon allahntaka ana ba da su ga rayayyu, mutane masu mutuwa. An san shugabannin siyasa da cewa sun yi ikirarin ainihin allahntaka a wasu al'ummomin farko - Fir'auna na tsohuwar Masar shine babban shari'a - suna taka rawa a matsayin abubuwa na ibada kuma ana ba da su matsayi da iko.   Mafi yawanci, kuma mafi dacewa da tarihin kwanan nan, shugabannin kawai suna da'awar wani nau'i na umarni Allah, suna nuna cewa mulkin su ya dace da nufin Allah. An gabatar da koyarwar ikon allahntaka na Sarakuna a karshen karni na 17, yana ba da shawarar cewa sarakuna su yi mulki ta hanyar umarnin Allah; Sarkin sarakuna na Japan sun yi mulki ta wurin umarnin Allah har zuwa farkon kundin tsarin mulkin Japan bayan Yakin Duniya na II

Rashin siyasa, yawancin addinai suna da yawan mutanen da aka yi imanin cewa ikon allahntaka ya taba su: tsarkaka, annabawa, jarumawa, annabawa da shahidai, da masu haske, da sauransu. Saint Francis na Assisi, a cikin Katolika, an ce ya sami umarni kai tsaye daga Allah kuma an yi imanin cewa yana ba da cikakkiyar yardar rai duk wanda ya furta zunubansu kuma ya ziyarci dakin sujada a ranar da ta dace. A cikin tatsuniyoyin Helenawa, mahaifiyar Achilles ta wanke shi a cikin kogin Styx don ba shi rashin mutuwa, kuma Hercules - a matsayin dan Zeus - ya gaji ikon allahntaka.   A cikin addinin Taoism, ana girmama Laozi a matsayin mai tsarki tare da ikonsa. Mutane daban-daban a cikin addinin Buddha, farawa da Siddhartha, ana daukar su masu haske, kuma a cikin siffofin addinin Buddha ana ba su ikon allahntaka. An ce Kristi a cikin Littafi Mai-Tsarki dan Allah ne kuma an ce ya yi mu'ujizai na Allah.

Gabadaya, ana rarrabe mutane masu mutuwa tare da halaye na allahntaka daga allahntaka ko alloli a cikin babban allon addininsu.This is sometimes a controversial issue, however; see The Divinity of the Emperor, for example, for a discussion of the status of the Japanese emperor. Ko da bangaskiyar Kirista, wacce gabaɗaya take riƙe da Kristi daidai da Allah, tana rarrabe tsakanin Allah Uba da Kristi ɗa da aka haifa. Akwai, duk da haka, wasu makarantu masu ban mamaki da na asiri, wadanda ke cikin addinai da yawa - Sufis a cikin Islama, Gnostics a cikin Kristanci, Advaitan Hindu, Zen Buddha, da kuma ra'ayoyi da yawa da ba takamaiman ba wadanda aka habaka a cikin falsafar zamani - wadanda ke rike da cewa duk mutane suna cikin ainihin allahntaka, ko kuma sun haɗa kai da Allah a hanyar da ba ta dace ba.   Irin wannan allahntaka, a cikin wadannan bangaskiya, zai bayyana kansa ta halitta idan ba a rufe shi da duniyar zamantakewa da ta zahiri da muke rayuwa a ciki ba; yana bukatar a gabatar da shi ta hanyar ayyukan ruhaniya masu dacewa.

 A cikin addinai 

 Kiristanci 
A cikin Sabon Alkawari kalmar Helenanci θεῖον (theion) a cikin Douay Version, an fassara shi a matsayin "allahntaka". Misalan suna kasa:

 Ayyukan Manzanni 17:29

 "Sai ma da yake 'ya'yan Allah ne, dole ne mu yi zaton allahntaka ya kasance kamar zinariya, ko azurfa, ko dutse, zane-zane, da na'urar mutum".

 Romawa 1:20

 "Ga abubuwan da ba a ganuwa na shi, daga halittar duniya, ana ganinsu a sarari, ana fahimtar su ta abubuwan da aka yi; ikonsa na har abada ma, da allahntaka: don haka ba za a iya gafarta su ba. "

 Ru'ya ta Yohanna 5:12

 "Yana da babbar murya: dan rago da aka kashe ya cancanci karbar iko, da allahntaka, da hikima, da karfi, da girmamawa, da daukaka, da albarka. "

Kalmar da aka fassara a matsayin ko dai "allahntaka", "Allahntaka", ko "allahntaki" a cikin Sabon Alkawari na Helenanci kuma kalmar Helenanci θεότητος (teotētos), kuma aya daya da ke kunshe da shi shine wannan: Kolosiyawa 2:9

 "Abin da ke cikin ipso inhabitat omnis plenitudo divinitatis [allahntaka] corporaliter". (Vulgate) 
 "Gama a cikinsa akwai duk cikakkiyar Allah a jiki". (KJV) 
 "Saboda a cikinsa ne duk cikakkiyar ingancin allahntaka ke zaune a jiki". (NWT) 
 "Game a cikinsa duk cikakkiyar allahntaka tana rayuwa a cikin jiki. " (NET) 
 "Domin cikakken abun ciki na yanayin allahntaka yana rayuwa cikin Kristi. " (TEV) 

Kalmar "allahntaka" a cikin Sabon Alkawari ita ce kalmar Helenanci θείας (theias), kuma ita ce nau'in adjective na "allahntaki". Misalan Littafi Mai-Tsarki daga King James Bible sune a ƙasa:

 2 Bitrus 1:3

 "Dangane da ikon allahntaka ya ba mu duk abubuwan da suka shafi rayuwa da allahntaka, ta hanyar sanin shi wanda ya kira mu zuwa daukaka da nagarta".

 2 Bitrus 1:4

 "Inda aka ba mu alkawura masu girma da daraja: cewa ta hanyar wadannan ku iya zama masu shiga cikin yanayin allahntaka, bayan ku tsere wa cin hanci da rashawa da ke cikin duniya ta hanyar sha'awa. "

 Masu Tsarki na Karshe 

Mafi shahararren ra'ayi na Allahntaka a cikin Ikilisiyar Yesu Almasihu na Kiristoci na Karshe (LDS Church) shine Allah, majalisa ta allahntaka ta halittu uku daban-daban: Elohim (Uba), Jehovah's (da, ko Yesu), da Ruhu Mai Tsarki. Joseph Smith ya bayyana Allahn da ba na Triniti ba, tare da Allah Uba da Yesu Kristi kowannensu yana da jikin mutum, kuma Ruhu Mai Tsarki a matsayin mutum mai banbanci tare da jikin ruhu. Smith kuma ta gabatar da wanzuwar Uwar Sama a cikin King Follett Discourse, amma kadan ne aka amince da shi ko aka sani bayan wanzuwarta.

Mormon suna da imani da ikon allahntaka na bil'adama; Smith ya koyar da wani nau'i na allahntaka inda maza da mata masu mutuwa zasu iya zama kamar allah ta hanyar ceto da daukakawa. Lorenzo Snow ya takaita wannan ta hanyar amfani da ma'anar, wanda sau da yawa ake maimaitawa a cikin Ikilisiyar LDS: "Kamar yadda mutum yake yanzu, Allah ya taɓa kasancewa: Kamar yadda Allah yake yanzu, mutum na iya zama. "

 Wicca 
Ra'ayoyin Wiccan game da allahntaka gaba daya suna da tauhidi, kuma suna kewaye da allahiya da Allah mai Kaho, don haka suna da dualistic. A cikin Wicca na gargajiya, kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin rubuce-rubucen Gerald Gardner da Doreen Valiente, an jaddada shi ne a kan taken bambancin jinsi na allahntaka, kuma Allah da Allahntaka ana daukar su daidai kuma suna adawa da ikon allahntaka na sararin samaniya. A wasu sababbin siffofi na Wicca, kamar mata ko Dianic Wicca. A wasu nau'o'in maita gargajiya wadanda ke da irin wannan tauhidin duotheistic, ana ba da Allah mai Kaho a kan Allahn.

 Addinin Epicureanism 

Falsafar Epicurean ta yarda da wanzuwar alloli, amma tunda ba ta yarda da allahntaka ba kuma tana koyar da cewa duk abubuwa abu ne na zahiri, tana gabatar da tauhidin inda alloli na Epicurean halittu ne na zahiri wadanda jikinsu aka yi da kwayoyin halitta kuma wadanda ke zaune a yankin tsakanin kalmomi (intermundia). Ba lallai ba ne a ce, wadannan alloli ba sa bukatar bautarmu, ba masu halitta ba ne ko masu kula da sararin samaniya, kuma ba sa amsa addu'o'i. Sabili da haka, tauhidin Epicurean ya kasance daidai a cikin masarautar hasashe game da rayuwa mai girma, mai basira.

Koyaya, Epicurus na Samos (wanda ya kafa Makarantar) ya fahimci amfanin addini da kuma alamomin hadin kai na tsakiya. Ya kasance mai tsayin daka a cikin abin da ya buƙaci cewa almajiransa su kasance masu ibada, kuma sun kafa tabo biyu game da tunanin su game da alloli: dole ne su yi imani da cewa alloli na su ba su da mutuwa (wato, ba za a iya hallaka su ba kuma sun gamsu) kuma sun sami albarka (mai farin ciki, ko farin ciki). A waje da wannan, Epicureans suna da 'yanci suyi hasashe game da yanayin mafi girman nau'ikan rayuwa a cikin sararin samaniya.

 Dubi kuma 

 Apotheosis
 Ilimin Kristi
 Allahntaka
 Yin Allahntaka (Kirista) 
 Ho'oponopono (Sashe na Mornah) 
 Jerin alloli
 Mai Tsarki

 Bayanan da aka ambata 

 Hadin waje 




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