Harsunan Kru

Mutanen Kru ne ke magana da yarukan Kru daga kudu maso gabashin Laberiya zuwa yammacin Ivory Coast.

 Rarraba 
A cewar Güldemann (2018), Kru ba shi da isasshen kamanceceniya da kamanceceniyar aji don kammala dangantaka da Nijar-Congo. Glottolog ya ɗauki Kru iyali mai zaman kansa.

 Magana 
Kalmar "Kru" ba a san asalin ta ba. A cewar Westermann (1952) Turawa sun yi amfani da shi don nuna yawancin kabilun da ke magana da yaruka masu alaƙa.  (1989) ya lura da gaskiyar cewa yawancin waɗannan mutane an ɗauke su a matsayin "ma'aikata" daga ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa na Turai; "homonymy tare da ma'aikata a bayyane yake, kuma aƙalla tushen rikice-rikice ne tsakanin Turawa cewa akwai ƙabilar Kru / ma'aikata".

 Tarihi 
Andrew Dalby ya lura da muhimmancin tarihi na yarukan Kru don matsayinsu a kan hanyoyin hulɗar Afirka da Turai. Ya rubuta cewa "Kru da harsuna masu alaƙa sun kasance daga cikin na farko da masu tafiya na Turai suka haɗu da su a kan abin da aka sani da Pepper Coast, cibiyar samarwa da fitarwa na Guinea da Melegueta pepper; cinikin teku na Afirka. "  An san yarukan Kru da wasu tsarin sautin mafi rikitarwa a Afirka, watakila kawai yarukan Omotic ne suka yi gasa.

 Matsayi na yanzu 
kwanan nan sun lura cewa "A yanzu ana iya samun al'ummomin Kru a bakin tekun Monrovia, Laberiya zuwa Kogin Bandama a Côte d'Ivoire". "Ƙauyuka suna kula da alakarsu bisa ga abin da ake zaton zuriya ce, wanda aka ƙarfafa ta hanyar musayar bukukuwan da kyauta". Mutanen Kru  yarensu, kodayake yanzu da yawa suna magana da Turanci (a Laberiya) ko Faransanci (a Côte d'Ivoire) a matsayin yare na biyu, an ce suna "mafi girma a yankin kudu maso yamma inda yankin gandun daji ya kai tafkunan bakin teku". Mutanen Kru sun dogara da gandun daji don noma, tare da farauta don rayuwarsu.

 Ƙungiyoyi da harsuna masu alaƙa 
Harsunan Kru sun haɗa da ƙananan rukuni kamar Kuwaa, Grebo, Bassa, Belle, Belleh, Kwaa da sauransu da yawa.  cewar Breitbonde, rarraba al'ummomi bisa ga bambancin al'adu, tarihi ko kabilanci, da kuma ikon cin gashin kai na zamantakewa da siyasa "watakila sun kawo adadi mai yawa na yarukan Kru daban-daban; "Ko da yake 'yan asalin sun kasance a fannoni da yawa iri ɗaya da kabilanci. " Breitbonde ya lura cewa an rarraba mutanen Kru bisa ga bambancin al'adunsu, bambancin tarihi ko kabilanci, da kuma ikon cin gashin kai na zamantakewa da siyasa. Wannan shine yiwuwar dalilin da ya sa yawancin ƙananan rukuni na yaren Kru. Kamar  Fisiak ya lura, akwai ƙananan takardu game da Kru da harsunan da ke da alaƙa.

Marchese, Lynell. 1989. Kru. In Bendor-Samuel, John (ed.), The Niger-Congo Languages: A Classification and Description of Africa's Largest Language Family, 119-139. Lanham MD, New York & London: Lanham: University Press of America. Marchese (1989) na yarukan Kru kamar haka. Yawancin waɗannan harsuna ƙididdigar yare ne kuma wani lokacin ana ɗaukar su fiye da yare ɗaya.

Ethnologue ya kara da Neyo, wanda zai iya zama mafi kusa da Dida ko Godie.

 Harshen harshe 
Tsarin kalma na Kru shine da farko batun-kalma-abu (SVO), to amma kuma sau da yawa yana iya zama batun-abu-kalma (SOV). Marchese, Lynell. 1989. Kru. In Bendor-Samuel, John (ed.), The Niger-Congo Languages: A Classification and Description of Africa's Largest Language Family, 119-139. Lanham MD, New York & London: Lanham: University Press of America.

 Kalmomin kwatankwacin 
Misali na asali na harsuna 12 na Kru daga Maris (1983): Marchese, Lynell. 1983. Atlas linguistique Kru: nouvelle edition. Abidjan: Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique (ACCT).
Harsheidokunnehancihakoraharshebakijinikasusuwaitaceruwacin abincisunanTepoJieNω̂âmɪ̂jã́FushigiMaraicewũ̂tDabbobin da suka yiYana daTun da kumaNishẽ́Dicidashin jin daɗiJrweɟrónω̃̂ãmɪ̃̂ãFansar da aka yiMutanen da ke cikin gidaWasanniklώω̂Yana dakaiSanyawagoma sha biyuYa yi amfani da shiGuereɟrííēDō darasiMliyaɲnɪ̃̂ɛ̄̃Me'aBayyanawaɲmɔ̃kpâTun da hakaníDisi na ɗayaɲnɪ̃̂Wobéɟríɛ́Dō darasiMlanarɲnə̃̂Mõõõṍŋwɔ̄̃NFCAkpâTun da hakaIna daDiɲnẽ̂NiabouaɟîrîLökúManaɲéɲéBayani da yawaŋwɔ̄̃ɲēmōkpáTun da hakaNîleDiɲéɲéBété (Daloa)ɟijûkûlîmlə̂Gleimɪ́́́́ɔ́ŋōdrúkwâsūɲûlíJw'aBété (Guibéroua)amfanijukwɨlíMutanen da ke cikingʌ̂lʌ̂mɪ̄ɔ̄na'ura mai laushiYa yi wuyakwáTabbatacceɲúDiJGWWNeyojɪ́ɲúkwlímléGillamɪ̄ɔ̄An haife shiDoguwargaisuwaSuluɲúLīJIYAGodiéjɨdíɲūkúlúMutanen da ke cikinYaramɪ̄ɔ̄Nan da nandrùFairysūɲúɗ ɗ ɗ ɗayansuJwwww'aKoyojɪjēɲúkiwí -GLAmɪ̄ɔ̄Ya yi yawaDoluféjēSuluɲúLɨ̄ŋɨ́nɨ́DidaCiɲúkwlímnéGLAmɪ̄ɔ̄nɪ̄dólūkwíjèsūɲúLîŋlɪ́AïziCerealLωkɔmωvɔɲɪMahaifiyarmuɲreKrakewayawaA cikin shekarali -
Wani ƙarin samfurin ƙamus na asali na harsunan Kru 21 daga Marchese (1983): Marchese, Lynell. 1983. Atlas linguistique Kru: nouvelle edition. Abidjan: Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique (ACCT).
Harsheidokunnehancihakoraharshebakijinikasusuwaruwacin abincisunanAïziCerealLωkɔmωvɔɲɪMahaifiyarmuɲreKraA cikin shekaraliVatajéɲêflúMênêGLAMeɔ̄nɪ̄dūlūFushiɲúLîDidaCiɲúkwlímnéGLAmɪ̄ɔ̄nɪ̄DoguwarkwíjèɲúLîŋlɪ́KoyojíjēɲúkwlíJwwww'aGLAmɪ̄ɔ̄Ya yi yawaDoluféjēɲúLɨ̄ŋɨ́nɨ́GodiéɲūkúlúA cikin gidaYaramɪ̄ɔ̄Nan da nandřùFairyɲúɗ ɗ ɗ ɗayansuJwwww'aNeyojɪ́ɲúkwlímléGillamɪ̄ɔ̄An haife shiDoguwargaisuwaɲúLīJIYABété (Guibéroua)JiřijukwɨlíA cikin gidaGʌlâmɪ̄ɔ̄na'ura mai laushiya kamata ya mutukwáɲúLīNʉ́nɪ́Bété (Daloa)ɟijûkûlîmlə̂Gleimɪ́́́́ɔ́ŋōdřúkwâɲúlíN'nɪ̂NiabouaLökúMutanen da ke zauneɲénéBayani da yawaŋwɔ̃̄ɲēmōkpáNîleDiɲénéWobéɟríɛ́Dō darasiMlanarɲnẽ̂Rubuce-rubuceŋwɔ̃̄NFCAkpâIna daDiɲnẽ̂An warkar da shiɟrííēDō darasiMliyaɲnɪ̃̂̄JigonBayyanawaɲmɔ̃̄kpâníLokacin da ya gabataɲnɪ̃̂Konobojidɔa'aMlanMayeHawan gidaklaFushidiSalanOubijīrōnōāA cikin shekaraHarkokin da aka yiDõlakenkalaFushigiGirmaSunan da aka yiBakweɲʉɲákúlúYa zama hakaglɛ́Ana amfani da shiMʌ́TuziGí̄ōnēɟɨA cikin shekaraTépoJieNω̂âmɪ̂jã́FushigiMayeDabbobin da suka yiYana daNishẽ́Dicidashin jin daɗiGrebowatan Janairuba tare da izini baMeáAna amfani da shiYa zama mai yawaɲénɔ́KlanIna daDi ya ceɲénéKlaoɟíNuniMNAAna amfani da shiIngiɲnɔ̄kpã́́Ina daDiɲnɛBassaɟéléManamɔIngiArewacin duniyakpáNuwambaGaisuwaɲénDaga cikin suJuyawaMalanmīlaǹIngiɲimoBa daníKawaiŋɛlɛ́KuwaaYa yi yawanɔiɲũMayewũHarshen ya fitoYa kumakwaniimiɟìɲɛlɛ̃SɛmɛYanayitasjẽtekuɲenKaiYa kasanceA ƙarshekparBa haka ba nedijĩ

 Lambobin 
Kwatanta lambobi a cikin harsuna daban-daban: 
RarrabaHarshe12345678910KuwaaKuwaa (Kyakkyawan) deesɔ̃rZa'aɲìjɛ̀hɛwàyɔɔɔɔIborin (5 + 1) NATO (5 + 2) Katan (5 + 3) Yankin da ya fi dacewa (5 + 4) kowaaShukaSeme (Siamou)  (1) byẽ́ẽ́ẽSunubityáāryūrkwɛ̃̄lkpããããâKikikprɛ̄n̂MashinFunuShukaSeme (Siamou)  (2) Ma'anar 15.Ya kuma sha biyart t t tr15yur3kwɛ̃l3k͡pa4a34kyi4ĩ34k͡prɛ4ɛ̃34kal3fu1Gabas, BakweBakwéɗôːSa'ad da aka yi amfani da shitʌ̄ːmɾɔ̄ːɡ͡bə̀ə̄ŋǔːɗō (5 + 1) ŋǔːsɔ̄ (5 + 2) ŋǔːtʌ̄ (5 + 3) ŋǔːmɾɔ̄ (5 + 4) Pʊ̀Gabas, BakweWanéYi 3 /__hau____hau____hau__Sa'ad da aka yi amfani da shi2ta3ihɪɛ̃4ŋwũ42ŋwũ42 kloː24 (5 + 1) ŋwũ42 sɔ2 (5 + 2) ŋwũ42 ta3 (5 + 3) ŋwũ42 ihɪɛ̃4 (5 + 4) ŋwũ42 bu4 ko bu4Gabas, BeteDaloa Bétéɓlʊ̄Sa'ad da'ad da aka yi amfani da shitaMʊ̄wanaŋɡ͡bɨ́ŋ́ɡ͡bʊplʊ (5 + 1) ŋ́ɡ͡bisɔ́ (5 + 2) ɡ͡bʊ̀wata (5 + 3) ŋ́ɡ͡bimʊwana (5 + 4) kʊ́ɡ͡baGabas, BeteGuiberoua Bétéɓlʊ̄Sa'ad da'ad da aka yi amfani da shitaMʊ̄wanaŋɡ͡bɨ́ŋ́ɡ͡bʊplʊ (5 + 1) ŋ́ɡ͡bisɔ́ (5 + 2) ɡ͡bʊ̀wata (5 + 3) ŋ́ɡ͡bimʊwana (5 + 4) kʊ́ɡ͡baGabas, BeteGodiéɓlōSa'ad da aka yi amfani da shitāāŋ́mɔ́ɔnā́ŋ́ɡ͡bɨ́ŋ̀ɡ͡bóplóo (5 + 1) ŋ́ɡ͡bɔ́ɔ́sɔ́ (5 + 2) ŋ̀ɡ͡bàátā (5 + 3) ŋ̀vɔ́ɔnā́Kʊ́ɡ͡báGabas, Bete, GabasGagnoa Bétéɓɵ̯̀̀̀̀Sa'ad da'ad da aka yi amfani da shiJuymɔ́ɔ́nɔ̄ŋ͡m̩̄.ɡ͡búɡ͡be.pó̯ó (5 + 1) ɡ͡bɔ́ɔ́.sɔ̋ (5 + 2) ɡ͡bɔ̋ɔ́.tā (5 + 3) Fã́ɛ́.ko.ɡ͡bɔ́Gabas, Bete, GabasGuébie Bétéɡ͡bɔlɔ2.³so4ta31mɔna1.³¹mŋɡ͡be2mŋɡ͡beɡ͡bɔlɔ². ².³ (5 + 1)mŋɡ͡boso3.⁴ (5 + 2)mŋɡ͡bata3.³¹ (5 + 3)mŋɡ͡bɔfɛna3.¹.³¹ (5 + 4)kɔɡ͡ba2.³Gabas, Bete, GabasKouyaɓloSa'ad da aka yi amfani da shitāMnuwa zuwaɡ͡buɡ͡beliɓlò (5 + 1) ɡ͡besɔ́ (5 + 2) ɡ͡betā (5 + 3) ɡ͡bomnʊ̀à (5 + 4) kuɡ͡buaGabas, DidaYocoboué DidaBólóWatanniMuttukaYa kasance mai sunaɛŋɡ͡bɪ́ɛŋɡ͡bʊ́frɔ (5 + 1) Reynawa (5 + 2) Queenɓáta (5 + 3) Queenvwanákóɡ͡baGabas, DidaNeyoɓɔɔɔɔlóSa'ad da aka yi amfani da shitāāmɔ́nāɡ͡bɪ́ɡ͡bɪ́flɔ́ (5 + 1) ɡ͡básɔ́ (5 + 2) ɡ͡bátā (5 + 3) Fana (5 + 4) Kʊ́ɡ͡báGabas, KwadiaKodiaɡ͡bɤl32 / ɓɤl32sɔː2taː2mɔna43nɡ͡bɤ3nɡ͡bɤw 333 (5 + 1) nɡ͡bɔː43sɔ3 (5 + 2) nɡ͡baː43ta3 (5 + 3) nɡ͡bɤmɔna343 (5 + 4) kʊɡ͡ba33Yamma, BassaBassaSanya, dyúáɖòYa yi yawaZa ta kasanceHĩinyɛHMMetónɛ̌ìn-ɖò (5 + 1) Mutanen da ke da iko (5 + 2) METO-TAM (5 + 3) Mānɛìn-bíinyɛ (5 + 4) Ta yaya za a iya amfani da itaYamma, BassaDewoin (Dewoi)ɡ͡bǒYa yi yawataHĩinyɛHMRuwa-ɡ͡bǒ (5 + 1) Ya yi tafiya (5 + 2) Ayyuka (5 + 3) Haza-ha'u (5 + 4) indaYamma, BassaGbasei (Gbii)  (1) dɔː / ɗɔ́káiYa yi yawaZa ta kasanceɲ̀n ma'anarm̀ḿM̀m̀dɔ́ (5 + 1) Ya kamata ya yi nasara (5 + 2) M̀mʹmʹmā (5 + 3) m̀m̀̀̀̀m̀̃ (5 + 4) Ba'afiyuYamma, BassaGbii (Gbi-Dowlu)  (2) Dō, DyuáɖòYa yi yawaZa ta kasanceHĩ̀ da aka yihm̀m̀Met̀nɛɛ̄n-ɖò (5 + 1) Ana samun sa'a (5 + 2) Met̀nɛɛ̄n-tə̃ (5 + 3) Maye-maye-make5 zuwa (5 + 4) ɓaɖabùèYammacin, Grebo, Glio-OubiGlio-Oubidōhwə̃Za a haife shiYayinda ake kiraɡ͡bə̀Hanyar sadarwa (5 + 1) Hṹsɔ́ (5 + 2) Magra (5 + 3) Ya ce (5 + 4) zai iyaYammacin, Grebo, Ivory CoastPye (Piè) KrumendòYa kuma yitāYa fito ne daga jaridaA nanhũ̀jārō [hũ̀jāɾō] ('biyar da ɗaya') Hũ̀jāhʋɛ__tir____tir____tir__ ('five da biyu') hũ̀jātā ('biyar da uku') Hũ̀jāhɛ Kennedy ('five da hudu') BincikeYammacin, Grebo, Ivory CoastTepo Krumen (1) dòMa'auni da yawatāYa fito ne daga jaridaA nanhuõ̀nɔ̀ (5 + 1) nɪpātā (litː 'ba/ba/uku') N'olw'in, ya yi amfani da shi (2 x 4) sēlédò (litː 'ragowa / akwai/ɗaya') BincikeYammacin, Grebo, Ivory CoastTepo Krumen (2) DomeYankintāYa kasanceUwargwadonùmnɔ̄dô (5 + 1) ùmnɔ̄ɔ́́n (5 + 2) blɛ̄nbìɛ́nùmīyándōBincikeYammacin, Grebo, LaberiyaBabban Grebo (Barrobo) DuoOshekaraTakenYa kasance mai sunajieunwùnɔ̀dǒ (5 + 1) jetan (4 + 3)? jiinhɛ̀n (4 + 4)? sǒndò (litː 'ka kasance daya' kafin 10) F.Yammacin, Grebo, LaberiyaArewacin GreboyiSa'ad da aka yi amfani da shiZa ta kasanceYa fito ne daga jaridam m m mYayinda ake kira (5 + 1) Ilimin Ilimin Ilimi (4 + 3) Ya yi Allah (4 + 4) siědo (litː 'ka kasance daya' kafin 10) BincikeYammacin, KlaoKlaoDomeSa'ad da aka yi amfani da shitanSarrawamùmùné́do (5 + 1) mùné́sɔ́n (5 + 2) mùnéɛtan (5 + 3) sopado (10 - 1) puèYammacin, KlaoTajuasohnwata dabbaSun nn = ? tanHinhoomḿhon doe (5 + 1) ḿhon sun (5 + 2) Hinin (4 + 4) siɛrdoe (litː 'ya kasance daya') punnYammacin, Wee, Guere-KrahnYammacin KrahnTooHar ila yau,YardaSunan da aka yiM̀m̌Mutanen da ke cikin ƙasa (5 + 1) Za a iya samun karin bayani (5 + 2) Mutanen da suka fi sani (5 + 3) Menyìɛ̓ (5 + 4) Fitar da shiYammacin, Wee, Guere-KrahnTsuntsuduě / tòòHototanSarrawaM̀m̌Málǒ (5 + 1) Ma'auni (5 + 2) Metan (5 + 3) Maye (5 + 4) RashinYammacin, Wee, NyabwaNyabwa (Nyaboa) yi4Sa'ad da 2Za3Salanɛ33mu4u1M4ɛ1lo4 (5 + 1) M4ɛ1sɔ̃2 (5 + 2) M4ɛ1 Ka3 (5 + 4) mɛ4ɛ1ɲiɛ33 (5 + 5) 44 Ya zamaYammacin Yammacin, Yi, WobeArewacin Wè (Wobe) ma3 / due1Sauran 2 / a kan gaba3 TakenJirgin sama na 43mm41MET41.3 (5 + 1) An yi amfani da shi a matsayin mai suna 5 + 2) M411na3 (5 + 3) Maye41nyiɛ3 (5 + 4) puue3
Kwatanta lambobi a cikin yarukan Kru daga Maris (1983): Marchese, Lynell. 1983. Atlas linguistique Kru: nouvelle edition. Abidjan: Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique (ACCT).
RarrabaHarshedayabiyuukuhuɗubiyarshidabakwaitakwastaragomaashirinɗariSiamouShukalansaYa kasance a cikintyarYuroKwatantaKpaaKyiiprɛkalfukarKarkwanAiziAïziMãbu; yãbuIʃɪita cekuɓida kumaugboHoton hotofriʃiMatashifiBayan aikigujuyugboKuwaaKuwaadeeSa'ad da aka yi amfani da shiKa yi amfani da itaɲì̀ da aka yi amfani da suyaayòFushi'aGilokwata zuwako kumaKuwakuma yana da kyauGirauniyuGabas, BakweBakwé (Soubré) Gabas, DidaDida (Lozoua) mbloWutar wutamɔ́tamɔ́ɔ́nāN'aukaN'auka neN'aurar da ake kira N'aN'addabuN'anantaKʊgbāgrʊ̄gwlīǹgbīGabas, DidaVataɓlɔ́́Sa'ad da aka yitāmɔ́ɔ́nāGbe da kumaGobanSanya da kumaKogiyagolōGabas, BeteBété (Daloa) ɓuƙwalwaSa'ad da aka yitaMʊnàńgbɨ́ńgbʊ́lʊ́ńgbísɔYarda da kumańgbɨ́mʊnà́kúgbɨ́áGʊ́lʊ́gʊlúgbɨGabas, BeteBété (Guibéroua) ɓuƙwalwaSa'ad da aka yi amfani da shitāMʊʌnān̄gbɨ́N̄gbʊ̍lʊ̍lN̄gbi̍sóGba na gabaN̄gbɨ̍mʊ̀ʌnāKʊ̄gbʌGʊ-godiyaGwwww a cikinGabas, BeteGodiéɓʉ̄lʉ̄Sa'ad da aka yi amfani da shitāMʊ̀nʌ̄ʌ̀gbʉ̄ʌ̀gbʉ̄pʉ̄lʉ̄A cikin dareʌ̀gbàāɨʌ̄GirmaKʊgbʌRashin jituwagwʌ̀lɪgbʉ̄Gabas, BeteKoyoɓɔɔ́́́́lɔ́Sa'ad da aka yi amfani da shitāmɔ́nāŋgbɨ́ŋgbóplóYafãsakiŋgbátāN'anan da aka yi amfani da suKʊ'inkigʊ̄lʊ̄gʊ̀lɪ̀ɲ́gbɨ́Gabas, BeteNeyoɓʊ̄lʊ́Sa'ad da aka yi amfani da shitāāmɔ́nāgbɪ́GwagwarmayaGwasongbátāFanaKʊ'inkiGluwagwlɪgbɪ́Yammacin, KlaoKlaodòòSʊ́Ta'a'aSashinmùùJI'aJiki ne:JamhuriyarsɛpáádōPuɪ̄Sai daiSai kuma ya fitoYamma, BassaBassaYa sami sa'aSa'ad da aka yi amfani da shikaYa faru dahm̀m̀Ma'aikatarYamma, BassaRashin aikigbòSa'ad da aka yi amfani da shita haka neɲì̄m̀m̄MélégboMETLONMETAYARMaye-mayeindaYammacin, GreboTépoyi yaddaMaɗaukakita yadda za a yiYa kasance mai suna Heightym̄hwɔ̀nɔ́Nɪpa̍hɔNɪpa̍taYa yi nasarapu pu pu puA'a da ake kirawlɪ̄ m̄Yammacin, GreboGrébodōSa'ad da aka yi amfani da shihaka neWannan ya faru neHmuBéhɛɛɛɛSiledōPunɔdowōdóhumbūYammacin, GreboOubidōHawahaka ne__hau__ Yayinda aka haifagbə́An yi amfani da shiYa kamata a yi amfani da shiMagraYa kasance mai laushizai iyagōrōgòléhm̄Yammacin, GreboJrweYa yi hakaHʊɛ́́́́Ta hanyar da za a yiYa kasance mai suna HeyrHMMMHMMMMHMMMMHMMMMHMMMM-JJMpu pu pu puFitowaWesterosYammacin YammaAn warkar da shidòòSa'ad da aka yiTa'a'aɲīɛ̄ ~ ɲīɛ́̄; ɲīɛā̄ ~ ɲā̀̄m̄ḿMayeyaMutanen da ke cikin wannanAna iya amfani da shiYa ce ya ceKa yi amfani da shiKlakonKm.Yammacin YammaNyabwadʊ̀Sa'ad da aka yi amfani da shiTa'u,ɲì̄Mutanen da suka fitoMayeyeMutanen da ke cikin wannanMutanen da ke cikinMaye-mayeAmma kumaGloùéTun da aka samuYammacin YammaWobéTooSa'ad da aka yiTa'a'aɲì̄m̄ḿMaye'oMutanen da suka fitoAn yi amfani da shiTun da yake cikiA ina neKlakonKimanin KimaninYammacin YammaKonobodʊbuhuA cikintaSalanɛmmYayinda ake amfani da itaMhelabuhukwalasoKafin

 Sassan jiki (kai) 
Sassan kai daga Marchese (1983): Marchese, Lynell. 1983. Atlas linguistique Kru: nouvelle edition. Abidjan: Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique (ACCT).
RarrabaHarshekaigashiidokunnehancihakoraharshebakiSiamouShukagmelfleɲiYanayiTasyaniyatekuɲenKaiko kumaAiziAïzidrʊLɪfɪCerealLʊkɔMʊvɔɲɪMahaifiyarmuKuwaaKuwaaWuhulúYa kasance mai muhimmanciSanyanɔiSanya da kumaAn yi amfani da shiIgoGabas, BakweBakwé (Soubré) Yaron daɲweeɲʉɲákúlúmlóglɛ́Ana amfani da shiMʌ́Gabas, DidaDida (Lozoua) wlúɲɪ̄CiɲūklwímnéGLAmɪ̄ɔ̄nɪ̄Gabas, DidaVataɲeYa kasanceɲe-flúNa yi farin cikiGLAMeɔ̄nɪ̄Gabas, BeteBété (Daloa) Wu-lu'kpèlèɲúkōjiYuu-ku-kuM.R.Gleimɪ́́́́ɔ́ŋōGabas, BeteBété (Guibéroua) Wuukpeɲū-kwə̄yiɾiyúkwɨlíMutanen da ke cikin wannanGʌ-la-mɪ̄ɔ̄Nu'a da kumaGabas, BeteGodiéWuhulúɲɪ̄kumaɨdíɲūkúlúMutanen da ke cikin wannanYaramɪɔ̄Nan da nanGabas, BeteKoyoWuhulúɲɪīyɪyēɲūklwíJwwww'aGLAmɪ̄ɔ̄Ya yi yawaGabas, BeteNeyoɲɪ́Yɪ́ɲúkwlímléGillamɪ̄ɔ̄An haife shiYammacin, KlaoKlaoFaduwaYarda dajiYanayiAn kuma yi amfani da shiAna amfani da shiIgoYamma, BassaBassaDuoNiJéléManamɔIgoYamma, BassaRashin aikiDuuluJuyawaMallaceWannan shi ne abin da ya faruSibiyaYammacin, GreboTépolúpupu̍Yuu da kumaNuniyarMɪ ya kasanceFushigiMaye ~ m; m ~ mwatauYammacin, GreboGrébokarantawaye kumaba tare da izini baMeáAna amfani da shiYa zama mai yawaYammacin, GreboOubiNiyīrōnōāMe'aHarkokin da aka yiYammacin, GreboJrweleSashin sautin sautin sajróNʊ da kumaMɪ a cikinFushiyarMutanen da ke cikinwatauYammacin YammaAn warkar da shidrúmiījrííēTun da yake akwai wata alamaɓʊ̄djūlɛ̀Ana amfani da shiMakircinYammacin YammaNyabwaDru'inɪmə̀ǹèYiddle-YiddleLungu da aka yiMutanen da ke zauneɲénéMeɛ̀ŋwɔ̄Yammacin YammaWobéjrúMī'a da ni; Mī'u da nijríɛ́Tun da yake akwai wata alamaMutanen da ke cikin wannanSunan da aka yiMutanen da ke cikin wannanŋwɔ̄Yammacin YammaKonobodrɔNiYiddɔa'aMutanen da ke cikiMaye

 Sassan jiki (ƙasa) 
Sauran sassan jiki daga Marchese (1983): Marchese, Lynell. 1983. Atlas linguistique Kru: nouvelle edition. Abidjan: Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique (ACCT).
RarrabaHarshewuyan hannuhannunsanonohanjijirgin ruwakafafukasusuwajinifataSiamouShukakwaBayan aikiYanayiɲēfūkparzuwaAiziAïziganisʊdrɪmɪmʊkʊpɪKraɲreKʊkɔKuwaaKuwaaFanna'aɲàlìSanyaBincikekwaYuriYa ce:Gabas, BakweBakwé (Soubré) FuskarDaɾóɲɪ̄tɪ̄Zafin da aka yimʊ̄kwɛ̄ɓɔōGí̄ōTuɾuGabas, DidaDida (Lozoua) brɪ̀ ~ bɾɪ̀; bɾɪ́ ~ brɪ̀Sa'ad da aka yi amfani da shiɲētīmɪ̄Mʊ́kʊ̄díèɓōkwíyèDoguwarkpʊ̄kpāGabas, DidaVataSa'ad da aka yi amfani da shiNi da kumaMutanen da suka fitoɓɔ̄gʊ̀fa zuwadūlūFushiGabas, BeteBété (Daloa) BincikeSa'ad da aka yi amfani da shiɲɪ́tɪ́WɪdaīɓarnaKwayardɾúGabas, BeteBété (Guibéroua) Bʊ́lʊ́Sa'ad da aka yiɲɪ̄tɪ̄mɪ́BiyanɓarnakwáTun daga cikin shekaraKuGabas, BeteGodiéBʌlɛ̄Sa'ad da aka yi amfani da shiɲītìmɪ́Shekaru goma sha ɗayaɓarnaFairydɾùkpʊ̄kpʌGabas, BeteKoyoblɛ́́Sa'ad da aka yi amfani da shiɲītīyēmɪ́mákɔ̄lʊgbāɓɔɔɔ́́́féyēDoluGabas, BeteNeyoblɛ̄Sa'ad da aka yi amfani da shiFitar da wutaɲúkōlíéɓɔɔɔ́́́gaisuwaDoguwarkpʊ̄kpāYammacin, KlaoKlaoYa ce:Sʊ̄ɲītīYanayiA cikinsabʊ̄Ya kasance a cikinɲnɔ̄kūYamma, BassaBassaBunkinTun da kumaAna amfani da shiZiìɓoƙikpáArewacin duniyakuYamma, BassaRashin aikibūnūYa kasance a cikinɓōBa daɲimoYammacin, GreboTépoplʊ̀da'aMutanen da suka fi dacewa da suŋmíSnow ~ Snow; Snow ~ SnowBʊ̍Yana dada kuma da'akɔ́ ~ kɔ́; kɔ́ ~Yammacin, GreboGréboFitowakawaiɲínēKudancin haliba haka ba nebóSanyiɲénɔ́Ya ce:Yammacin, GreboOubiƘananan ƙwayoyinho̰Muə̄gliNan da nanbokalaDõlakenYammacin, GreboJrweplʊ̀Hʊ da kumaFarin CikiHaɗuwaBʊ̍Yana daKiruffaGigaYammacin YammaAn warkar da shiblãs.Sō̰Sanya da kumaAn yi amfani da shiɓóàBʊ̍Kyakkyawanɲmɔ̄kūYammacin YammaNyabwaBunubusʊ̄ɲētì̀NiZànɛ̍ɛɓʊ̄kpáɲēmōSufiYammacin YammaWobéFushigiSō̰Sanya da kumaAn yi amfani da shiFasin hakabʊ̄KyakkyawanNFCAkūYammacin YammaKonobosʊHarshen da aka yigboloboklaHawan gidaku

 Sauran sunaye 
Sauran sunaye daga Marchese (1983): Marchese, Lynell. 1983. Atlas linguistique Kru: nouvelle edition. Abidjan: Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique (ACCT).
RarrabaHarshemacijikwaiƙahowutsiyaigiyaubauwamaceyarosunanSiamouShukaYa kasance a cikinKyã ne.GodiyaɲanTunaninRufewamelɓisyāy y y yAiziAïziSrɪjiGbeliWannan ya faruzuzokekeLapɛjɪKuwaaKuwaaJaka'aMimbobinYa kasance a cikinɲídewúléYa kumatsiraraAyyukan da ake kira "Yana"JíɲɛlɛGabas, BakweBakwé (Soubré) tɾɔ̄SappɨgēTōyuoŋwɔ́lɔ́yəyieɲrɪGabas, DidaDida (Lozoua) trɛ̄Ya girmagwɪ́Sa'a da sa'aɓlūzuwa ga̍Arewaŋwnɔ́Cileŋlɪ́Gabas, DidaVataRana da kuma_ Ka yi amfani da shiYa yi murnaco-ArewaJigonyadda yakeGabas, BeteBété (Daloa) tɪmɛ́GʉyīRashin hankalili li liTɓadaHarshen makircigu gu guJGNɪGabas, BeteBété (Guibéroua) Mutanen da ke cikingʉGʊ́GwayyDicketsdɪ̄bàdaMakircin makircinyúJGRRGabas, BeteGodiétrɛ̄gɪ̀vɪ̄Abinda ya faruɓɨlɨkpə̄tʉdaŋwɔ́lɔ́Yɪ́Jwwww'aGabas, BeteKoyoHar ila yau, har ila yaugɪ̀yēgóɓlíyēasaliArewaMakirciYa'aŋɨ́nɨ́Gabas, BeteNeyoRana da kumaGeneVʊ́ɓlúTʊ́Snowŋwlóyʊ́Yylɪ́Yammacin, KlaoKlaoslɛ̄FassaraYa zama hakaYa ce ya ce:Dukiya ~Ya kasance a cikiya ceSunan da aka yi amfani da shiجامSashen da aka yiYamma, BassaBassaYana daWannan ya farugemuYa yi murnaLuluɓàdaMa'ajúɲénYamma, BassaRashin aikiSannu daga cikingeɓúlūFushiyarMa'aikatarɲiro; makirciWuFasinjaYammacin, GreboTépohreye-shiryeMakircinŋmʊ̄bàpatàBuu da kumaya ce ~ ya ce; ya ce ~ɲthreyewayúdʊ́Yammacin, GreboGrébosydéŋēyēlu'u-lu'uBuuyarYa ceɲénɛ́Sunan hakaɲénéYammacin, GreboOubia nanHawɛŋɨnɛMa'aunibawūlūMahaifiyardiɲīrōyuɲíróYammacin, GreboJrwehreye-shiryeYankin da ya daceAiki aikibàlúrūbóya ceRubuce-rubuceyúɲĺ̰́́́Yammacin YammaAn warkar da shiAna amfani da shiSōa da ke cikin wannanJamhuriyargōdbúbāyiYa zamaɓāòɲnɪYammacin YammaNyabwaAna amfani da shiSunubiyar SunubiYarda dagōɓlu̍kūKaiLótōɲə́nɔ́Yuu da kumaɲénéYammacin YammaWobéAna amfani da shiDon hakaŋmɛ́ko kumadbū ~ dbú; dbú ~ dbūbóDashiɲnɔ̍ kpāoYã da kuma a cikintaSunan da aka yiYammacin YammaKonoboSëriñɲieShi neYa yi amfani da shidrubadagaɲɪnɪJoweSalan
Nature-related words from Marchese (1983):
RarrabaHarsheranarranawataruwawutahazotekuƙuragishiriSiamouShukayef da aka yi amfani da shikaiFwiYa kasance a cikinniɛAiziAïziZizecuA cikin shekaragefenjrumagriɓʊɓʊtrʊKuwaaKuwaaSomãguwaKa'idakewuniimiKa'ida ceKowaSakamakoLo neIna da shiGabas, BakweBakwé (Soubré) Sr.jrósɨplenēkāpūbrutanīēmɔ́tɔGabas, DidaDida (Lozoua) cɾɪ̄Ylʊcʊ́ɲúGudanarwajlūYahuzatsinkayeglīGabas, DidaVataCʊ da aka yiɲúkōsūDa'a ta fuskanciJanuŋuGabas, BeteBété (Daloa) Yɪ̍ɾɪYʊ̍ɾʊ́A cikin shekaraɲuGudanarwaGodiyagɨ-garinɓuƙwalwarGʉɓɨ́Gabas, BeteBété (Guibéroua) Yɪɾɪ́yʊ́ɾʊ́cʊ́ɲúGudanarwaYuu da kumajīēɓūù-kwəGɨ̍ɓɨGabas, BeteGodiéyʊ̀ɾʊ̀yʊɾʊ́cʊ̄ɲúGudanarwajùɾùjīyēɓàɓūgɨɗɨ́Gabas, BeteKoyoYʊ́rʊ́Yʊ́rʊ́cʊ̄ɲúGudanarwajùrùjīyēɓūɓúGʉ̀l̀Gabas, BeteNeyozlìYlʊcʊ́ɲúkōsūjlùgɨ̄ēMʊMVɪSa'ad da aka samuYammacin, KlaoKlaoYa zama hakacʊ̄bayaHawan samaJluyanjlóPupūízuwa ga wannanYamma, BassaBassaya kasancejólóKai neNuwambaƘananan abubuwaNuwambaIóPupūYa kamata ya zama abin da ya faruYamma, BassaRashin aikiya kasancegúS.níNaìYa kamata ya zama abin da ya faruYammacin, GreboTépoɲnɔ́woshekara ta 2013Ma'aikatar Ma'auniba haka ba nea cikinjrùYiruPupu̍taYammacin, GreboGréboMa'aikatarmusik̀bōbayanájūdúyúdáa cikin jama'aYa kasance a cikiYammacin, GreboOubiɲìròjīrōMazauniyarFushigin bambancijùrùtaɓawaMutanen da ke cikin wannanYammacin, GreboJrweɲlɔɔ́wòjrʊ́Abin da ya faruYa ce:a cikinjrùka yiFuskartaYammacin YammaAn warkar da shiWɪjruCʊ da aka yiníSnowYammacinzuwa ga maras kyaudjɛ́́́́Tun da hakaYammacin YammaNyabwawɪ́kuma har yanzucʊ́Ni da kumaSnowjuragɨ̄ɨ̄pīpèlèTun da yakeYammacin YammaWobéWɪjruCʊ da aka yiYa ce:SnowA cikintazuwa ga maras kyaupu puēTun da hakaYammacin YammaKonoboIgojɨdocoFushinanijluyooAlkawarita

 Kalmomin (1) 
Sauran kalmomi na asali daga Marchese (1983): Marchese, Lynell. 1983. Atlas linguistique Kru: nouvelle edition. Abidjan: Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique (ACCT).
RarrabaHarshecin abinciabin shacinyewaamaimutuwakashewatafiyazoSiamouShukadinamunuo̰ko (klo) ko (yawanci) koelbɛ (bla) AiziAïzilinaA cikin ƙawancengwraGiraGabatarwanayiKuwaaKuwaaHalluwaJiki ne kawaiɲìmìGira ta yanar gizofa da itajavanamuyìGabas, BakweBakwé (Soubré) jɨML.A.ml uIngisɔjʌɓláFushigijīGabas, DidaDida (Lozoua) ka da kumaMláMni'An yi amfani da shi a matsayinkúɓláda kumaci gaba daGabas, DidaVatali da kumaRubuce-rubuceNilu?Daga nanFunuDaidaiya'aGabas, BeteBété (Daloa) LīNɪ̍manɨ́mɨ́Mutanen da ke cikintɾɪA cikin shekaraƊauki Ƙasashen DuniyaJíGabas, BeteBété (Guibéroua) Dinɪmʌ́nīmɨ̄Mutanen da ke cikinkúLɪbʌ́SanyawayīGabas, BeteGodiéɗ ɗ ɗ ɗayansuMʌ́nʌ́mɨ̄lɨ̄gwʌ̄sɛ́kúɓʌ́lʌ́A cikin shekarayīGabas, BeteKoyoLɨ̄Ruwan samaMiɨ̄HankalikúɓláYa kasance a cikinyīGabas, BeteNeyoLīMlámiīRubuce-rubucekúɓlanāàyīYammacin, KlaoKlaoDia cikin wannannmīwlàYa kasanceA cikinta _ A cikintaa cikin wannanJíYamma, BassaBassaGaisuwanánumuhwalaMayeLaɓáa cikinjiYamma, BassaRashin aikiKawainákuKa; ka, ka, ka.yiYammacin, GreboTépoA cikinsanáne da kumawlàKʊ́A nan ne, a nan neNaA cikin shekaraYammacin, GreboGréboDi ya cea cikin wannanA cikintawōdákō (ɛ́) Di ya ceYammacin, GreboOubiGirmanáIgolakʊIgolinaDaYammacin, GreboJrweda suka fi girmana'urarHaɗuwawlàda kumaa cikina cikin shekaraYammacin YammaAn warkar da shiJerea cikinnmūgwlàɗrēdbāa cikinjīYammacin YammaNyabwaDináMa'anar Ma'anar__hau__ Yanayi da yawaL'Abin da ya faruNayīYammacin YammaWobéDia cikinnmūSanyaMutanen da ke cikinDba da kumaa cikin wannanjīYammacin YammaKonobodinaYa kuma yi amfani da shiGulaMayedranajlo

 Kalmomin (2) 
RarrabaHarshebayarwaka tonoBarciturawaharbiraira waƙaSiamouShukaSanya; klakai;Abubuwan da suka faruGyai ɲAiziAïziFushiɓarawomɔ namʊkaiGioloKuwaaKuwaaN'ABiyawa'azuwa ga wannanGudanarwafaɗakarwaGabas, BakweBakwé (Soubré) ɲeMushe-mushekwɛɛɛɛ́Gabas, DidaDida (Lozoua) FushigiɓlíMakircinSai daijri̍ ~ jɾi̍ɓlɪ̄Gabas, DidaVataɓlíYankin da ya shafiA lokacin da ake kiraɓlɪGabas, BeteBété (Daloa) FushiyarwlùMakircin makirciYanayinTɪtɾɪblɪ̄Gabas, BeteBété (Guibéroua) FushigiɓúlúJanguwaYunƙurinjiɾi ~ jīɾiɓʉ̄lɪ̄Gabas, BeteGodiéFushigiɓoyeŋwɔ́ɔ́ɔ́Sai daijriɓʉ̄lɪ̄Gabas, BeteKoyoFushigiɓarnaMakircinzɛ́jrɨ̄ɓlɪ̄Gabas, BeteNeyoFushigiwlúūMakircinSai daijri ~ jriɓlɪ̄Yammacin, KlaoKlaoɲîbluishYa ce:jlìblēYamma, BassaBassaɲíɓúlúArewaYa ceɓoyeYamma, BassaRashin aikiGishiriɓúlúArewaShiagbīɓēlēYammacin, GreboTépoMazauniGiluŋmòkaibre̍Yammacin, GreboGréboYa kasanceBuduMoɔ́Tãsayi daAlkamaYammacin, GreboOubiɲéBulluiroŋmotūɛ̄Yanayi game dabəlɛYammacin, GreboJrweFasin'ablúYa yi amfani da shikaibre'wlàYammacin YammaAn warkar da shijéɓlúMo'aTunatarwaBleu da kumaYammacin YammaNyabwaɲe-mBuluMutanen da ke cikin gidaKa yi amfani da itaYarinyaɓlēYammacin YammaWobéSunan da aka yiblúMo'aSai ka yi hakanCreeyaBleu da kumaYammacin YammaKonobokaibloyimoTujidiɛshuɗi

 Sake ginawa 

 sautin sautin sautuna
 sautunan matakin huɗu
 *CVCV- (C) V kuma mai yiwuwa * Tsarin syllable na CVV. * Kalmomin CCV, kuma mai yiwuwa kuma * Kalmomi na CVV, an samo su ne daga * tushen CVCV.
 SVO kalma tsari, amma tare da yawancin nau'ikan OV
 ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadadden
 cikakkun abubuwa da marasa cikakkun abubuwa

Harshen Proto-Kru (Marchese Zogbo 2012):

Magana da aka samo:

 /ɟ/ mai yiwuwa an samo shi ta hanyar palatalization (*g > ɟ), misali *gie > ɟie .
 *c, *ɲ, *kw, *gw, *ŋw an samo su ne daga alveolar ko velar consonants da ke gaba da sautin baya ko sautin gaba.
 /ɗ/ mai yiwuwa an samo shi daga *l.

ɪʊda kumaoɛOwua
Akwai bambancin bangarori biyu tsakanin Yamma da Gabashin Kru wanda aka nuna ta hanyar bambance-bambance na phonological da lexical. Wasu isoglosses tsakanin Yammacin Kru da Gabashin Kru:
HaskeKudancin Yammacin KruKudancin Gabas na Kudancinitacekarewutahakora

 Manazarta 

 Haɗin waje 

 Shafin PanAfrican L10n akan Kru/Bassa 
Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba