Harshen Basum

Basum (autonym: brag gsum 'dutse uku'; Basong 巴松话; Bake Tournadre, Nicolas. 2014. "The Tibetic languages and their classification." In Trans-Himalayan linguistics, historical and descriptive linguistics of the Himalayan area. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.) yare ne na Bodish wanda kusan mutane 2,500 ke magana a cikin Gongbo'gyamda County 工布江达县, Nyingtri Prefecture, Tibet, China . Kashi 13.5% na yawan mutanen Gongbo'gyamda County suna magana da Basum. Glottolog ya lissafa Basum a matsayin wanda ba a rarraba shi ba a cikin Bodish.

Wang (2020) bayanin ilimin lissafi ne da kuma bayanin Basum . Wang, Sanchuan. 2020. Phonologie et morphosyntaxe du Baké. Doctoral dissertation, Université de Paris 3. 

 Tarihi 
Harshen Basum an san shi da Bäke, wanda aka samo daga brag-gsum ska, ma'ana 'harshe na duwatsu uku'. Akwai kimanin masu magana 3,000 a cikin garuruwan Zhoka da Tshongo, Gongbo'gyamda County 工布江达县, a bakin tekun Basum. Qu, et al. (1989) sun kuma ba da rahoton cewa ana magana da Basum a garin Cuogao 错高乡 da Xueka Township 雪卡乡 na Gongbo'gyamda County 工布江达县, Nyingtri Prefecture, Tibet, China. 

 Rarraba 
Qu, et al. (1989)  ya lura cewa Basum ba shi da fahimta tare da juna kuma ya bambanta da Gongbu Tibetan (: 工布话; masu magana 11,600), wanda shine nau'ikan harshen Tibet na Tsakiya wanda ke da alaƙa da Nyingchi Tibetan (Sidanci: 林芝话). Har ila yau, Basum ba shi da fahimta tare da Niangpu 母́话 (wanda ake kira Muqu 牧区话), wanda shine Khams Tibetan iri-iri da mutane 4,310 ke magana a Jiaxing 加兴 da Niangpú 母́́话 na Gongbo'gyamda County. , et al. (1989:61) ya lura da wasu kamanceceniya tsakanin Basum da Cuona Menba (Tawang Monpa), harshen Bodish na Gabas.

Suzuki & Nyima (2016) consider Basum to be a non-Tibetic language.

Tournadre (2014) Tournadre, Nicolas. 2014. "The Tibetic languages and their classification." In Trans-Himalayan linguistics, historical and descriptive linguistics of the Himalayan area. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. ya rarraba Basum (Bake) a matsayin harshen Bodish wanda ba a rarraba shi ba wanda ba na reshen Tibetic ba. Tourna (2014: 112) ya lura cewa Basum yana da mai musun a-, sabanin mai musun ma- ko myi- a cikin yarukan Tibetic. Har ila yau, ba kamar yarukan Tibetic ba, Basum ba ya jin daɗin Proto-Bodish *ti- da *si-.

A lissafin phylogenetic na harsuna daban-daban na Tibet by Jiang (2022) ya nuna cewa Basum ya bambanta, kuma kodayake yana nuna wasu kamanceceniya da yaren Medog na Khams Tibetan saboda hulɗa, da kuma harsunan Bodish na Gabas ("Menba" ko "Monpa"). 

Tournadre, Nicolas; Suzuki, Hiroyuki (2023). The Tibetic Languages: an introduction to the family of languages derived from Old Tibetan. Paris: LACITO. p. 680. ISBN 978-2-490768-08-0. & Suzuki (2023) sun ba da shawarar cewa Basum na iya kasancewa da alaƙa da Dakpa (Tawang Monpa), yaren Bodish na Gabas, tunda harsunan biyu suna da siffofi da yawa da kuma nau'ikan nahawu.

 Lexicon 
Tournadre, Nicolas; Suzuki, Hiroyuki (2023). The Tibetic Languages: an introduction to the family of languages derived from Old Tibetan. Paris: LACITO. p. 680. ISBN 978-2-490768-08-0.Tournadre & Suzuki (2023) sun lissafa kalmomin Basum masu zuwa waɗanda ba su da ƙididdigar Tibetic.
HaskeBasumTarihin Tibet na gargajiyabakwaiSanya:bdunhuɗuSanyabzhinamaSanya:shajiniQhichwa da Qhichwakhragkafafu'kiːrkangja'Yana zuwadmardutse'tɐ luŋrdoNa'Yana dangakaiWannan shi ne abin da ya faruKhyed, khyodshiSanyafokhomusantawaSunan da za a iya amfani da shina
, et al. (1989: 50-51) sun lissafa kalmomin Basum masu zuwa ba tare da cognates a cikin makwabtaccen Harsunan Tibet ba.
Hasken kasar SinHasken IngilishiBasumƘafafukafa, kafaci14Sanya maiYaki man shanuja55gishirigishirinpo53一dayatɯʔ53七bakwaiSanyi55Tafiyadon tafiyaAn yi amfani da shi a shekara ta 53Fitowadon dubaɕẽ53Barcidon barciC.14TafiyazamaSanya55Ni neI (1.SG) shekara ta 1953Kaikai (2.SG) Tushen 12Shi neshi (3.SG) po53Ya kasancecewaA cikin 53Da yawada yawapi55RedjaTun daga shekara ta 1953Rashin jin daɗimai tsananin gaskephe55mu53Ɗaya daga cikin yaradan kadan, dan kadanɐ55miNan da nannan da nan, da sauria11lu53Dukkanindukntaba 11 zuwa 15Tushena zahiriɐ11nɐʔ53DaidaitaccenTabbas, dole nesɯ̃11pa53
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