Harshen Somaliya

Rarraba 

An rarraba Somaliya a cikin reshen Cushitic na dangin Afroasiatic, musamman, Lowland East Cushittic ban da Afar da Saho .  Somali ita  mafi kyawun rubuce-rubuce na yarukan Cushitic, [1] tare da nazarin ilimi na yaren da ya samo asali daga ƙarshen karni na 19. 

 Yankin da aka rarraba na Somaliya 
Ana magana da harshen Somaliya a yankunan Somaliya da ke zaune a Somalia, Djibouti, Habasha, Kenya, Yemen da kuma mambobin Somali diaspora. Har ila yau, ana magana da shi azaman yaren tallafi ta wasu kabilun tsiraru da mutane a yankunan da suka fi yawa a Somaliya.

Somali ita  yaren Cushitic da aka fi magana da shi a yankin sannan Oromo da Afar suka biyo baya.

zuwa 2019, akwai kusan masu magana da Somaliya miliyan 21.8, sun bazu a Babbar Somaliya wanda kusan miliyan 7.8 ke zaune a Somaliya. Kimanin kashi % na mazaunan kasar ne ke magana da yaren, [1] da kuma yawancin jama'a a Djibouti. 

farawar Yaƙin basasar Somaliya a farkon shekarun 1990, mutanen da ke magana da harshen Somaliya sun karu da girma, tare da sabbin al'ummomin Somaliya da aka kafa a wasu sassan Gabas ta Tsakiya, Arewacin Amurka da Turai.

 Matsayi na hukuma 

Bisa  kundin tsarin mulki, Somaliya da Larabci sune harsuna biyu na Somaliya. Somali ta kasance harshen hukuma na kasa tun daga watan Janairun 1973, lokacin da Majalisar Juyin Juya Halin (SRC) ta ayyana shi harshen farko na Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Somaliya na gudanarwa da ilimi. Daga baya aka kafa Somali a matsayin babban harshe na koyarwar ilimi a cikin siffofi 1 zuwa 4, biyo bayan aikin shiri na Kwamitin Harshen Somali da gwamnati ta nada. Daga baya ya fadada ya hada da dukkan siffofi 12 a shekarar 1979. A cikin 1972, SRC ta karɓi Rubutun Latin a matsayin haruffa na ƙasa a kan wasu rubutun rubuce-rubuce da yawa waɗanda ake amfani da su a lokacin.  lokaci guda, jaridar yau da kullun ta harshen Italiyanci Stella d'Ottobre ("The October Star") ta zama kasa, an sake masa suna Xiddigta Oktoobar, kuma ya fara bugawa a Somaliya. Rediyon Mogadishu na jihar ya kuma watsa shirye-shirye a Somaliya tun daga shekara ta 1951. Bugu  ƙari, wasu cibiyoyin sadarwar jama'a na jihar kamar Somaliland National TV, cibiyoyin sadarwa na yanki kamar Puntland TV da Rediyo da, da kuma Eastern Television Network da Horn Cable Television, a tsakanin sauran masu watsa shirye-shirye masu zaman kansu, shirye-shiryen iska a Somaliya.

An san Somaliya a matsayin harshen aiki na hukuma a Yankin Somaliya na Habasha .  Kodayake ba harshen hukuma ne na Djibouti ba, ya zama babban yaren ƙasa a can. Ana amfani  Somaliya a cikin watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin da rediyo, [1]  tare da shirye-shirye na Rediyon Djibouti da ke aiki da gwamnati a cikin yaren daga 1943 zuwa gaba. 

Kamfanin watsa shirye-shiryen Kenya yana watsa shirye-'shirye a cikin harshen Somaliya a cikin shirye-shiryenta na Iftin FM.  magana  yaren a yankunan Somaliya a cikin Arewa maso gabashin Kenya, wato Wajir County, Garissa County da Mandera County.

Harshen Somaliya yana ƙarƙashin kulawar Kwalejin Harshen Somali, wata cibiyar gwamnati da aka kafa a watan Yunin 2013 a Birnin Djibouti ta gwamnatocin Djibouta, Somaliya da Habasha.  ba da izini a hukumance tare da adana harshen Somaliya.

Ya zuwa Oktoba 2022, Somali da Oromo sune kawai yarukan Cushitic da ake samu akan Google Translate . 

 Iri-iri 

Ire-iren harsunan Somaliya sun kasu zuwa manyan rukunoni uku: Arewa, Banaadir da Maay .  Arewacin Somaliya (ko Nsom  ) shine tushen tushen Somali Standard.  Fiye da kashi 85% na al'ummar Somaliya ne ke magana da shi, tare da yankin jawabinsa wanda ya taso daga Djibouti  yankin Somaliya na Habasha, Gundumar Frontier ta Arewa zuwa mafi yawan sassan Somalia Gulf of Aden littoral.  Lamberti ya raba Arewacin Somaliya zuwa yaruka uku: Arewacin Somaliya daidai (wanda ake magana da shi a arewa maso yamma; ya bayyana wannan yare a matsayin Arewacin Somaliya a ma'anar da ta dace), kungiyar Darod (wanda ake magana a arewa maso gabas da kuma iyakar gabashin Habasha; mafi yawan masu magana gaba daya. ), da kuma kungiyar Lower Juba (da mazauna arewacin Somaliya mazauna yankunan kudancin kogin suke magana). 
Ana magana da Benadir (wanda aka fi sani da Coastal Somali) a tsakiyar Tekun Indiya, gami da Mogadishu . Ya zama ƙaramin rukuni. Yaren yana  kyakkyawar fahimta tare da Arewacin Somaliya..
Akwai wasu harsuna da ake magana a Somaliya waɗanda ba lallai bane su zama Afsoomali. Suna iya zama cakuda harsunan Somaliya da sauran harsunan asali. Irin wannan yaren shine Maay wan yawancin Digil da Mirifle (Rahanweyn ko Sab) ke magana a yankunan kudancin Somalia.  magana ya kai daga iyakar kudu maso yamma da Habasha zuwa yankin da ke kusa da bakin teku tsakanin Mogadishu da Kismayo, gami da birnin Baidoa. Maay  ta da fahimtar juna tare da Arewacin Somaliya, kuma ta bambanta da tsarin jumla da sauti. Hakanan ba'a amfani dashi gabaɗaya a ilimi ko kafofin watsa labarai. , masu magana da Maay galibi suna amfani da Standard Somali a matsayin harshen magana, wanda aka koya ta hanyar sadarwa ta jama'a, ƙaura ta ciki da birni.

Maay ba ta da alaƙa da harshen Somaliya a cikin tsarin jumla kuma Jiddu, Dabarre, Garre da Tunni iri-iri suna magana da su waɗanda ƙananan al'ummomin Rahanweyn ke magana da su. Gabaɗaya, waɗannan harsuna suna da kamanceceniya da Oromo waɗanda ba a samu a cikin al'ada Somali ba. Babban daga cikin wadannan shine rashin sautunan pharyngeal a cikin yarukan Rahanweyn / Digil da Mirifle, siffofin da suka bambanta da Somali amma ba Somali ba ne. Kod a baya ana rarraba su akai-akai a matsayin yarukan Somaliya, binciken da masanin harshe Mohamed Diriye Abdullahi ya yi kwanan nan ya nuna cewa waɗannan nau'ikan, gami da Maay, sun zama harsunan Cushitic daban-daban. Matsayin bambancin  yi daidai da na tsakanin Mutanen Espanya da Portuguese.  cikin nau'ikan Digil, Jiddu shine mafi ƙarancin fahimta ga masu magana da Benadir da Arewa. Duk  wadannan bambance-bambance na harshe, masu magana da Somaliya gaba ɗaya suna kallon kansu a matsayin suna magana da harshe ɗaya.

Wadannan zato duk da haka an kalubalanci su ta hanyar binciken da Deqa Hassan ya yi kwanan nan wanda ya gwada fahimtar juna tsakanin masu magana da Af-Maay da Af-maxaa (Northern Somali).

 Fasahar sauti 


 Sautin sautin 
Somaliya tana da sautin wasali guda biyar waɗanda duk sun bambanta murya mai ƙarfi da murya mai tsanani da kuma Tsawon wasula. Akwai ɗan canji a cikin ingancin wasali lokacin da aka tsawaita wasali. Kowane wasali yana da takwaransa na jituwa, kuma kowane wasali a cikin rukuni na jituwa (wanda zai iya zama mafi girma fiye da kalma a cikin Somaliya) dole ne ya dace da sauran wasula. Harshen Somaliya, duk da haka, ba ya rarrabe tsakanin bambance-bambance biyu na kowane wasali.
+Sautin Somaliya Biyu na gaba da bayaJerin gabaJerin bayagajeren lokaciTsawon Lokacigajeren lokaciTsawon LokaciKusan gaba ba a zagaye ba /
Kusa da kusa da gaba ba a zagaye baiiːɪɪːTsakanin tsakiya na gaba ba a zagaye ba /
Bude-tsakiyar gaba ba a zagaye bada kumaeːɛɛːKusan bude gaban ba a zagaye ba /
Bude baya ba tare da zagaye baæ neæːƘarshenAn samo asali ne daga wannanBude-tsakiyar tsakiya ta zagaye /
Bude-tsakiyar baya ta zagayeSanyaSanyaːOwuɔːTsakanin tsakiya /
Kusa da bayaʉʉːuuː
+Sautin SomaliyaA gabaTsakiyaKomawagajeren lokaciTsawon Lokacigajeren lokaciTsawon Lokacigajeren lokaciTsawon LokaciKusaiiːʉʉːuuːKusa da kusaɪɪːTsakanin Tsakiyada kumaeːBude-TsakiyarɛɛːSanyaSanyaːOwuɔːBudeæ neæːƘarshenAn samo asali ne daga wannan
Somaliya tana  sautin sautin 22.
+Alamun sauti  Somaliya BiyuwaCoronalBayan alveolar<br id="mwAak">VelarRashin ƙarfiFarashin Farashin Faransanci<br id="mwAbA">GishiriHancimnPlosivet̪kqʔbd̪Abin da ya farugRashin lafiyat͡ʃFricativefsʃx ~ χħhSanyaTrillrKusanciwlj (w) 
 sau da yawa suna raunana zuwa  ta hanyar magana.  plosive  na iya samun ingancin implosive ga wasu masu magana, kuma ta hanyar intervocalic ana iya gane shi azaman flap. Wasu masu magana suna samar   tare da trilling na epiglottal.  sau da yawa ana amfani da shi.

Harshen yana da sautin biyar na asali. Kowane mutum yana da bambancin gaba da baya da kuma tsawo ko gajeren juzu'i. Wannan yana ba da sauti mai tsabta guda 20. Har ila yau, yana nuna sautuna uku: sama, ƙasa da faɗuwa. Sautin suna daidaitawa a cikin rukuni na jituwa, don haka duk sautin a cikin rukuna dole ne su kasance gaba ko baya. Harshen Somaliya  ya rarrabe tsakanin bambance-bambance na gaba da na baya na wasula, duk da haka, saboda akwai ƙananan nau'i-nau'i.

Tsarin syllable na Somali shine (C) V (C). Tushen morphemes yawanci suna da tsari na mono- ko di-syllabic.

Pitch yana  sauti a cikin Somaliya, amma ana muhawara ko Somaliya magana ce ko yaren sauti.  (1954) ya nuna cewa Somali yare ne na sauti,  yayin da Banti (1988) ya nuna cewa harshe ne na sauti.

 Sauti 
Za'a iya rarraba shahararren kalmomi a cikin Somaliya a ƙarƙashin tsarin faɗakarwa, wanda ke da sautin murya guda ɗaya a kowace kalma.

Tsarin sautin ya bambanta bambance-bambance na harshe da na ƙamus. Bambance-bambance sun haɗa da lambobi guda ɗaya da jam'i (bambanci na ilimin lissafi), da maza da mata (bambance na ilimin lissafin lissafi kuma wani lokacin kuma bambancin ƙamus). Ɗaya daga cikin misalai shine inán ('yarinya') da yanan ('yaro'). Wannan yana nuna tsarin sauti wanda ke tsara jinsi na ilimin lissafi, kamar Dameer ('mace jaki') da daméer ('mace jakar namiji').

Tambayar tsarin sautin a Somaliya an yi muhawara shekaru da yawa. Yarjejeniyar zamani kamar haka.

A cikin Somaliya, sautin da ke ɗauke da sautin shine mora maimakon wasula na syllable. Tsawon wasali ko diphthong ya ƙunshi morae biyu kuma yana iya ɗaukar sautuna biyu. Kowane mora an bayyana shi a matsayin mai sautin sama ko ƙasa. Sai kawai sautin da ya fi girma yana faruwa a kowace kalma kuma wannan dole ne ya kasance a kan ƙarshe ko na ƙarshe. Kwayoyin ba su da sautin da ya fi girma.  (Waɗannan sun haɗa da prepositions, sunayen suna don batun da abu, sunayen sunayen da ba na mutum ba da alamun mayar da hankali.) Saboda haka akwai yiwuwar "alamu" guda uku a cikin tushen kalmomi

Phonetically akwai sautuna uku a kan dogon wasali: high, low da falling:

 A kan dogon wasali ko diphthong, ana samun jerin manyan-ƙananan a matsayin sautin da ke fadowa.
 A kan dogon wasali ko diphthong, ana samun jerin ƙananan-babban a matsayin babba.  (A wasu lokuta, sautin yana tashi.) 

Wannan amfani da sautin ana iya nuna shi azaman faɗakarwa. Ya yi kama da wannan a cikin Oromo.

Damuwa tana da alaƙa da sautin. Babban sautin yana da damuwa mai ƙarfi; sautin da ke fadowa yana da ƙarancin damuwa kuma sautin da ba shi da damuwa.

Lokacin da ake buƙata, tarurruka don yin alama a rubuce-rubucen Somali sune kamar haka:

 Babban sautin - sautin da ya fi girma
 Magana mai tsanani - sautin ƙasa
 circumflex - sautin da ke fadowa

Sautuna a kan dogon wasula galibi ana nuna su a kan alamar wasula ta farko.[dubious – discuss]

 Fonotactics 
Tsarin syllable na Somali shine (C) V (C).

Tushen morphemes yawanci suna da tsari na mono- ko di-syllabic.

Ƙungiyoyin ƙwayoyin biyu ba sa faruwa da kalma-da farko ko kalma-a ƙarshe, watau, suna faruwa ne kawai a iyakokin syllable. Wadannan consonants na iya zama geminate: /b/, /d/, /ɖ/, /ɡ/, /t/, /n/, /r/ da /l/. Wadannan ba za su iya zama geminate ba: /t/, /k/ da fricatives.

Sautin biyu ba za su iya faruwa tare a kan iyakokin syllable ba. Sabili da haka an saka ma'anar epenthetic, misali [j] da [ʔ].

 Harshe 

 Yanayin Yanayi 
Somali yare ne mai haɗuwa, kuma yana nuna kaddarorin juyawa. Affixes alama  yawa grammatical ma'anoni, ciki har da al'amari, lokaci da shari'a.

Somali tana da tsohuwar karkatarwa ta magana da aka ƙuntata ga kalmomi huɗu na yau da kullun, tare da duk sauran kalmomi da ke fuskantar karkatarwa da bayyane. Wan tsari na gabaɗaya yayi kama da sauyawa wanda ke nuna Cairene Arabic..

Ana amfani  canje-canje a cikin farar don ilimin harshe maimakon dalilai na ƙamus. Wannan  haɗa da bambancin jinsi, lamba da shari'a.  wasu lokuta, waɗannan bambance-bambance suna alama da sautin kawai (misali Ínan, "yaro"; inán, "yarinya"). [1]

Somaliya tana da nau'ikan sunaye guda biyu: sunaye masu zaman kansu (mai mahimmanci, mai mahimmanci) da sunaye masu mahimmanci (magana).  Wakilan masu zaman kansu suna nuna hali a matsayin sunaye, kuma galibi suna faruwa tare da labarin -ka/-ta (misali, "ku").  Ana iya cire wannan labarin bayan haɗin kai ko kalma mai maida hankali. Misali, adna' ma'anar "da ku..." (daga Adi-na).  Ana haɗa sunayen suna  ma'anar ma'anar kuma ba sa ɗaukar nau'in suna. Somaliya alama  ta clusivity a cikin mutum na farko da aka saba amfani da shi; wannan kuma ana samunsa a wasu harsunan Cushitic na Gabas, kamar Rendille da Dhaasanac .

yadda yake a wasu harsunan Afro-Asiatic daban-daban, Somaliya tana da alamar bambancin jinsi, inda yawancin sunayen yawanci ke ɗaukar yarjejeniya jinsi na siffofin su na musamman. , jam'i na namiji dibi ("bull") an kafa shi ta hanyar canza shi zuwa mace dibi. Somaliya  ta da yawa a cikin harsunan duniya saboda ba a yi wa abu alama ba yayin da aka yi wa batun alama, kodayake ana samun wannan fasalin a wasu harsunan Cushitic kamar Oromo.

 Rubuce-rubuce 
Somali yare ne na batun-abu (SOV).  Yawanci shine  karshe, tare da postpositions da kuma obliques da suka gabata. Wadannan siffofi  na yau da kullun na yarukan Cushitic da Semitic Afroasiatic da ake magana a yankin Horn (misali Amharic). [1] , kalmomin sunayen Somaliya sune na farko, inda sunan ya riga adjective mai canzawa.  [3]  tsari na gabaɗaya kai-ƙarshe tare da kalmomin farko na kai ana samun su a wasu harsunan Cushitic (misali Oromo), amma ba gabaɗaya a cikin harsunan Semitic na Habasha ba.

Ba'a amfani da alamomi guda uku: baa,__ilo____ilo____ilo__ da kuma waxa (a), wanda gabaɗaya ke nuna sabon bayani ko nuna bambanci. Baa da kuma 10% suna buƙatar abin da aka mayar da hankali don faruwa a cikin pre-bally, yayin da za'a iya amfani da waxa (a) bayan aikatau.

 Kalmomin kalmomi 
Ana iya raba kalmomin aro na Somaliya zuwa waɗanda aka samo daga wasu harsunan Afroasiatic (musamman Larabci), da waɗanda suka fito daga Indo-Turai (musamman Italiyanci)..

Babban lamuni  Somali ya fito ne daga Larabci, kuma an kiyasta sun kasance kusan 20% na ƙamus na yaren. Wannan gado ne na yawan zamantakewar jama'ar Somaliya, al'adu, kasuwanci da addini da kuma hulɗa da mutanen da ke kusa da su a yankin Larabawa. Ana amfani  kalmomin aro na Larabci a cikin addini, gudanarwa da kuma magana mai alaƙa da ilimi (misali Aamiin don "bangaskiya ga Allah"), kodayake suna nan a wasu yankuna (misali kubbad-da, "ball"). [1]  (1994) ya lura da jimlar kalmomin aro na Larabci 1,436 a cikin Agostini a.o. 1985, [1] sanannen ƙamus na Somali mai shigarwa 40,000. [2] Yawancin kalmomin sun kunshi sunayen da aka saba amfani da su. Wadan lamuni na ƙamus na iya zama mafi yawa a baya tun lokacin da wasu kalmomin da Zaborski (1967:122) ya lura a cikin tsofaffin wallafe-wallafen ba su cikin aikin Agostini na baya ba. Bugu  kari, yawancin sunayen mutum sun samo asali ne daga Larabci.

Harshen Somali ya ƙunshi wasu kalmomin aro na Indo-Turai waɗanda aka riƙe daga zamanin mulkin mallaka. Yawancin waɗan rance na ƙamus sun fito ne daga Turanci da Italiyanci kuma ana amfani da su don bayyana sababbin abubuwa ko ra'ayoyin zamani (misali telefishen-ka, "tafiyar talabijin"; raadia-ha, "radio"). [1] Akwai kuma rance na Roman kai tsaye 300, kamar garawati don "ƙaddamarwa" (daga  na Italiyanci).

Lallai, kalmomin lamuni da aka fi amfani da su daga Italiyanci sune "ciao" azaman gaisuwar abokantaka, "dimukradi" daga Italiyanci "dimokiradiyya" (dimokiradiyya), "mikroskoob" daga "microscopio" (microscope), "Jalaato" daga "gelato" (kankara). cream), "baasto" daga "taliya" ( taliya), "bataate" daga "patate" (dankali), "bistoolad" daga "pistol" (pistol), "fiyoore" daga "fiore" (flower) da "injinyeer" daga "ingegnere" (injiniya)  Somaliyawa suna kiran watannin kalandarsu kamar Soon, soonfur, siditaal, carafa....amma waɗannan sun canza kwanan nan.  . Bugu da ƙari, duk watanni a cikin harshen Somaliya yanzu kalmomin aro ne daga Italiyanci, kamar "Febraayo" wanda ya fito daga "febbraio" (Fabrairu) .

Bugu da ƙari, Somaliya ta ƙunshi kalmomin ƙamus daga Farisa, Urdu da Hindi waɗanda aka samo ta hanyar cinikayya ta tarihi tare da al'ummomi a Gabas ta Tsakiya da Kudancin Asiya (misali 'khiyār'' "cucumber" daga Farisa: خ__yār).  Sauran kalmomin aro sun kuma maye gurbin ma'anarsu a wasu yaruka (misali Jabaati "wani nau'in gurasa mai laushi" daga Hindi: चप dot Chapāti displacing sabaayad).  daga cikin wad kalmomi an kuma aro su ta hanyar Larabci.

 Tsarin rubuce-rubuce 
Binciken archaeological Ministry of Information and National Guidance, Somalia, The writing of the Somali language, (Ministry of Information and National Guidance: 1974), p.5 bincike a Somalia sun gano rubuce-rubuce na dā a cikin tsarin rubutu na musamman. Royal Geographical Society (Great Britain), Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society of London, Volume 22, "Mr. J. M. Hildebrandt on his Travels in East Africa", (Edward Stanford: 1878), p. 447. cikin wani rahoto na 1878 ga Royal Geographical Society of Great Britain, masanin kimiyya Johann Maria Hildebrandt ya lura a lokacin da ya ziyarci yankin cewa "mun san daga marubutan zamanin d ̄ a cewa waɗannan gundumomi, a halin yanzu hamada ce, sun kasance masu yawa da wayewa[...] Na kuma gano tsoffin rushewa da rubuce-rubucen dutse a cikin hotuna da har yanzu ba a fassara su ba. "  A cewar rahoton 1974 na Ma'aikatar Bayanai da Jagoran Kasa, wannan rubutun yana wakiltar farkon rubuce-wallace-rude na Somaliya.

Kwanan nan, masanin binciken kayan tarihi na Somaliya Sada Mire ya buga rubuce-rubuce na dā da aka samu a duk faɗin Somaliland. Kamar yadda yawancin tarihin harshe  Somaliya ba a yi amfani da harshen sosai ba don wallafe-wallafen, wallafe-rubucen Dr. Mire duk da haka sun tabbatar da cewa rubuce-rubuce a matsayin fasaha ba na waje ba ne ko kuma kaɗan a yankin. Wadannan rubuce-rubuce sun fito ne daga yarukan Semitic Himyarite da Sabaean waɗanda aka fi magana da su a cikin abin da ke Yemen na zamani - "akwai dangantaka mai zurfi da tsohuwar dangantaka tsakanin mutane da al'adu na bangarorin biyu na bakin tekun Jar". Mire posits. Duk  haka, yayin da ba a sami wasu irin waɗannan rubuce-rubucen tsohuwar ba ko kuma a bincika su, masu haɓakawa sun "ƙaddamar da su, kamar yadda Ma'aikatar Yawon Bude Ido ba za ta iya siyan ƙasar ba ko dakatar da lalacewa".

Baya ga rubutun Latin na Ahmed, wasu rubutun da aka yi amfani da su na ƙarni don rubuta harshen Somaliya sun haɗa da Rubutun Larabci da aka kafa da daɗewa da Rubuce-rubucen Wadaad.  A cewar Bogumił Andrzejewski, wannan amfani ya iyakance ga malamai na Somaliya da abokan aikinsu, kamar yadda sheikhs suka fi son rubuta a cikin harshen liturgical Larabci. Duk  haka, akwai irin waɗannan rubuce-rubucen tarihi daban-daban a cikin Somaliya, waɗanda galibi sun haɗa da waƙoƙin Islama (Kasidas), maimaitawa da waƙoƙi. Daga cikin waɗannan matani akwai waƙoƙin Somaliya na Sheikh Uways da Sheikh Ismaaciil Faarah . Sauran wallafe-wallafen tarihi  ke akwai a Somaliya galibi sun ƙunshi fassarorin takardu daga Larabci.

Tun daga wannan lokacin an yi amfani da tsarin rubuce-rubuce da yawa don sake rubuta harshen Somaliya. Economist Intelligence Unit (Great Britain), Middle East annual review, (1975), p.229 cikin wadannan, haruffa Latin na Somaliya, wanda aka karɓa a hukumance a 1972, shine mafi yawan amfani da shi kuma an san shi a matsayin rubutun hukuma na jihar.  manyan malaman Somaliya  suka kirkiro rubutun, ciki har da Musa Haji Ismail Galal, [./B._W._Andr<i id= z" id="mwA3Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="B. W. Andrzejewski">B. W. Andrzejewski] da Shire Jama Ahmed musamman don sake rubuta harshen Somaliya, kuma yana amfani da dukkan haruffa na haruffa Latin na Turanci ban da p, v da z. Babu alamomi ko wasu haruffa na musamman sai dai amfani da apostrophe don tsayawar glottal, wanda ba ya faruwa da kalma-da farko. Akwai nau'o'i uku: DH, KH da SH. Ba a yi alama da sautin ba, kuma ba a rarrabe wasula na gaba da na baya ba.

 Lambobin da kalmomin kalandar 

 Sunayen lambobi masu yawa 
TuranciSomaliyaLatinOsmanya#ZeroEberSanya𐒠ƊayaKowSanya𐒡BiyuLabbaSanya𐒢UkuShirin da aka yiSanya𐒣HudunesaSanya𐒤BiyarshanSanya𐒥ShidaRashin abinciSanya𐒦BakwaitoddobaSanya𐒧TakwasYa lalaceSanya𐒨TaraSagaalSanya𐒩GomaYaro da kumaSanya𐒡𐒠
TuranciSomaliyaLatinOsmanya#Goma sha ɗaya Yankin da aka yi amfani da shiSanya ta gaba𐒡𐒡Goma sha biyu Yankin da aka yi amfani da shiSanya ta gaba𐒡𐒢Goma sha ukuSashen da ya fi dacewaSanya ta gaba𐒡𐒣Goma sha huɗu A waje da kuma a waje daSanya ta gaba𐒡𐒤Goma sha biyarYankin da aka yi amfani da shiSanya ta gaba𐒡𐒥Goma sha shidaA cikin wannan lokacinSanya ta gaba𐒡𐒦Goma sha bakwaiDukkanin da ya yiSanya ta gaba𐒡𐒧Goma sha takwasgefen da aka yi amfani da shiSanya ta gaba𐒡𐒨Goma sha taraYankin da ya fi dacewaSanya ta gaba𐒡𐒩AshirinlabaatanSanya𐒢𐒠
Ga dukkan lambobi tsakanin 11 kow iyo da 99 Sagaashal iyo sagaal, daidai ne a sauya wurin sanya lambobi, kodayake lambobi masu girma wasu yaruka sun fi son sanya lambar 10s da farko. Misali 25 ana iya rubuta su a matsayin labaatan iyo shan da shan iyo labaatan (lit. Ashirin da biyar da biyar da ashirin).

Kodayake rubutun Latin ko Osmanya ba su yarda da wannan sauyawar lambobi ba.

 Yawan 10 
TuranciSomaliyaLatinOsmanya#GomaYaro da kumaSanya𐒡𐒠AshirinlabaatanSanya𐒢𐒠talatinSiraiciSanya𐒣𐒠arba'inAfartaSanya𐒤𐒠Kashi hamsinkontonSanya𐒥𐒠sittinlixdanSanya𐒦𐒠Kashi saba'intodobaatanSanya𐒧𐒠Takwasgefen gefenSanya𐒨𐒠Kashi casa'inSagaashanSanya𐒩𐒠

 Lambobin 
TuranciSomaliyaLatinOsmanya#*ƊariHar ila yauSanya𐒡𐒠𐒠DubbanKunSanya𐒡,𐒠𐒠𐒠Miliyan dayamilyanSanya𐒡,𐒠𐒠𐒠,𐒠𐒠𐒠Biliyan dayaBilyanSanya𐒡,𐒠𐒠𐒠,𐒠𐒠𐒠,𐒠𐒠𐒠
* an kara commas a cikin jadawalin lambobi na Osmanya don bayyanawa

 Kwanaki na mako 
TuranciSomaliyaLatinOsmanyaLahadiAxadSanyaLitininIsniinSanyaTalataSalaasa / TalaadoWannan shi neLarabaArbaca/ArbacoWannan shi neAlhamisKhamiisSanyaJumma'aJimce / JimcoSanyaAsabarSabtiSanya

 Watanni na shekara 
TuranciSomaliyaLatinOsmanyaJanairuJanaayoSanyaFabrairuFabraayoSanyaMarisMaarsoSanyaAfriluGidan ajiyaSanyaMayuMahaifiyarSanyaYuniYuniSanyaYuliLuuliyoSanyaAgustaAgustaSanyaSatumbaSebteembarSanyaOktobaOktoobarSanyaNuwambaNofeembarSanyaDisambaDaga RuwaSanya

 Dubi kuma 

 Harsunan Djibouti
 Harsunan Somaliya
 Harsunan Kenya
 Harshen Kurame na Somaliya
 Littattafan Somaliya
 Nazarin Somaliya

 Manazarta 

 Ƙarin karantawa 













 Haɗin waje 

 Shafin Harshen Somaliya: Albarkatarwa, hanyoyin haɗi da bayanai game da harshen Somaliya.
 HooyoYanar gizo - Harshen Somaliya
 Harshen Somaliya da Harshe: A Bibliography
 Koyi 101 - Koyi Somaliya
 Maɓallin kebul na kama-da-wane don rubutun Osmanya na tarihi. Lexilogos''.
 Harshe na dijital - Wasannin ilmantarwa na harshen Somaliya
 Inganta Ingancin Fassarar Google Somali
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5g2xHqL7Eyo
Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba