Gyaran zuciya

Gyaran zuciya ( CR ) yana bayyana ta Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) a matsayin " jimlar ayyuka da ayyukan da ake buƙata don tabbatar da mafi kyawun yanayin jiki, tunani, da zamantakewa don marasa lafiya da cututtukan zuciya na yau da kullun ko na baya-bayan nan na iya, ta hanyar kokarin nasu, kiyayewa ko sake dawo da matsayinsu na dacewa a cikin al'umma da gudanar da rayuwa mai aiki ". CR cikakken samfurin kulawa ne wanda ke ba da muhimman abubuwan haɗin gwiwa, gami da tsarin motsa jiki, ilimin haƙuri, ba da shawara na zamantakewa, rage haɗarin haɗari da gyare-gyaren ɗabi'a, tare da burin haɓaka ingancin rayuwar majinyaci da rage haɗarin matsalolin zuciya na gaba.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24752917 

CR ana isar da shi ta ƙungiyar ladabtarwa da yawa, galibin likita kamar likitan zuciya. Ma'aikatan jinya suna tallafawa marasa lafiya a rage abubuwan haɗari na likita kamar hawan jini, hawan cholesterol da ciwon sukari . Kwararrun likitocin motsa jiki ko wasu ƙwararrun motsa jiki suna haɓaka tsarin motsa jiki na ɗaiɗaiku da tsararru, gami da horon juriya. Likitan abinci yana taimakawa ƙirƙirar tsarin cin abinci mai kyau. Ma'aikacin zamantakewa ko masanin ilimin halayyar dan adam na iya taimakawa marasa lafiya don rage damuwa da magance duk wani yanayin tunanin mutum da aka gano; ga masu shan taba, za su iya ba da shawarwari ko ba da shawarar wasu ingantattun jiyya don tallafawa marasa lafiya a ƙoƙarinsu na barin. Hakanan za'a iya bayar da tallafi don komawa-aiki. Shirye-shiryen CR sun shafi haƙuri.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)

Dangane da fa'idodin sun taƙaita a ƙasa, Kwalejin Amurka ta Amurka suna ba da shawarar shirye-shiryen Amurka / Amurka game da ƙungiyar Eardiology,  wasu ƙungiyoyi. Marasa lafiya yawanci suna shiga CR a cikin makonni bayan wani mummunan lamari na jijiyoyin jini kamar ciwon zuciya na zuciya (cutar zuciya), tare da ganewar cututtukan zuciya, ko bin saƙon cututtukan zuciya na jijiyoyin jini (kamar sanya stent na jijiyoyin jini ), jijiyoyin bugun jini ta hanyar tiyata, hanyar bawul., ko shigar da na'urar rhythm (misali, na'urar bugun zuciya, na'urar bugun zuciya da aka dasa ).

 Saitin gyaran zuciya 
Za a iya ba da sabis na CR a asibiti, a cikin wurin jinya kamar cibiyar al'umma, ko a gida mai nisa ta amfani da waya da sauran fasaha. Hakanan ana ƙara ba da shirye-shiryen haɗin gwiwa.

Hanyoyin gyaran zuciya 
Shirin marasa lafiya (phase I)

Shiga cikin (CR) kafin barin asibiti na iva
hanzarta murmurewa majiyyaci, da kuma saukake dawowa cikin sauki zuwa ayyukan
rayuwar yau da kullun da matsayi da zarar
sun dawo gida. Yawancin marasa lafiya
suna nuna damuwa game da farfadowar su, musamman bayan rashin lafiya mai tsanani
ko tiyata, don haka Mataki na I(CR) yana ba da dama ga marasa lafiya don gwada
iyawar su a cikin amintaccen wuri mai kulawa.
Inda akwai, marasa lafiya da ke karbar (CR) a asibiti bayan tiyata yawanci suna iya
farawa a cikin kwana daya ko biyu.
Matakan farko sun hada da motsa jiki masu
sauki wadanda za a iya yi a zaune, kamar daga hannu. Ma'aikacin ilimin hanyoyin
kwantar da hankali vana kula da kimar zuciya da matakan iskar oxygen a hankali
yayin da mai hakuri ya fara tafiya, ko motsa jiki ta amfani da k e e n tsaye. Mai ilimin
hanyoyin kwantar da hankali yana tabbatar da cewa matakin motsa jiki da karfin horo
ya dace da halin da majiyyaci ke ciki a halin
yanzu, kuma a hankali yana ci gaba da aikin motsa jiki.

Shirin marasa lafiya (phase Il)

Domin shiga cikin shirin marasa lafiya, gabadaya dole ne majiyyaci ya fara samun
shawarar likita. Ana ba da shawarar marasa lafiya su fara CR na waje a cikin kwanaki 2-7 bavan sabani
na yau da kullun, da kuma makonni 4-6 bayan tiyatar zuciya. Yawancin lokaci wannan
lokacin yana da matukar wahala ga marasa lafiya saboda tsoron yawan motsa jiki ko kuma sake faruwar lamuran zuciya. Shorter time to start is associated with better outcomes.  Gajeren lokaci don farawa vana da alaka da kyakkyawan sakamako.Kasancewa yawanci vana farawa tare da
kimantawa na ci wanda ya hada da auna
abubuwan hadari na zuciya kamar lipids, hawan jini, tsarin jiki, damuwa / damuwa, da amfani da taba. Ana yin gwajin iya aiki da yawa don sanin ko motsa jiki yana da aminci kuma don tallafawa habaka
shirin motsa jiki na musamman. 
Ana magance matsalolin hadari kuma an
kafa burin marasa lafiya; "mai kula da shari'ar" wanda zai iya zama ma'aikaciyar jinya mai horar da zuciya, likitan motsa jiki, ko likitan ilimin motsa jiki vana aiki don taimakawa marasa lafiya cimma burinsu. A lokacin motsa jiki, ana iya lura da bugun zuciyar majiyyaci da hawan jini don duba
tsananin aiki.
Tsawon lokacin CR ya bambanta daga
shirin zuwa shirin, kuma yana iya zuwa daga makonni shida zuwa shekaru da yawa. A duniya, ana ba da matsakaicin zama na 24, kuma an tabbatar da cewa mafi kyau.
Bayan an gama CR, akwai shirye-shiryen kulawa na dogon lokaci (lokaci na III) don masu sha'awar marasa lafiya,  kamar vadda aka inganta fa'idodi tare da bin
dogon lokaci. Abin takaici duk da haka, marasa lafiya gabadaya dole ne su biya daga aljihu don wadannan ayyukan.

Karkashin amfani da gyaran zuciya

Gyaran zuciya (CR) ba shi da amfani sosai a duniya.Farashin ya bambanta sosai. 
Karkashin amfani vana hafar da dalilai
masu yawa; Akwai wani bita na baya-bayan nan. Amatakin tsarin kiwon lafiya, wannan ya hada da rashin shirye-shirye.
Amatakin mai ba da sabis, kananan kimar isarwa babban shamaki ne.
Amatakin marasa lafiya, abubuwa kamar rashin sani, sufuri, nisa, farashi, nauyin
gasa, da sauran yanayin kiwon lafiya suna
da alhakin, amma yawancin ana iya
rage su. Mata, tsirarun al'adun
kabilanci, tsofaffi marasa lafiya, wadanda ke da kananan matsayi na
zamantakewa da tattalin arziki, tare da cututtuka, da kuma zama a vankunan karkara ba su da yuwuwar samun
damar shiga CR, duk da cewa wadannan marasa lafiya sukan fi bugatarsa.  Marasa lafiya na zuciva na iya tantance shingen CR din su a nan, kuma su karbi shawarwari kan yadda za a shawo kansu:
https://globalcardiacrehab.com/For Patients.
Yanzu an kafa dabaru kan yadda za mu iya rage wadannan shingen amfani da CR.Yana da mahimmanci ga rukunin marasa lafiya da ke kula da marasa lafiya na zuciya don kaddamar da tsarin atomatik/tsari ko na lantarki zuwa CR (duba:https://www.ahrq.gov/takeheart/index.html).  Hakanan vana da
mahimmanci ga masu ba da lafiya don habaka CR ga marasa lafiya a gefen gado.  Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya da Kulawa ta Kasa tana ba da shawarwari masu taimako akan karfafa marasa lafiya su halarci CR. Koyar da karin kwararrun kiwon lafiya don isar da CR kuma na iva taimakawa. 
Shirye-shiryen CR kuma na iya shiga wurin yin rajista don tantancewa da habaka amfani da su - a tsakanin sauran alamun
inganci.Bayar da shirye-shiryen da aka kebance ga kungiyoyin da ba a yi musu hidima ba kamar mata na iya saukake
shigar shirin.

Amfani

Shiga cikin CR na iya hadawa da fa'idodi da yawa.Ga marasa lafiya masu fama da
ciwon zuciya mai tsanani, CR yana rage yawan mace-mace na zuciya da 25% da adadin sakewa ta hanyar 20%. CRyana da alaka da ingantacciyar rayuwa, ingantaccen jin dadin rayuwar dan adam, da karfin aiki, kuma yana da tsada. A cikin kasashe masu kankanta da matsakaita, akwai wasu shaidun da ke nuna cewa CR yana da tasiri wajen habaka karfin aiki, abubuwan hadari da ingancin rayuwa kuma. 

Da alama babu bambanci a cikin sakamako tsakanin shirye-shiryen CR masu kulawa da
na gida, kuma duka biyun sun kai kusan iri daya. CR na gida gabadaya yana da aminci. Hakanan ana nuna shirye- shiryen tushen gida tare da fasaha suna da tasiri.
Akwai takamaiman sake dubawa game da
fa'idodin CR a cikin marasa lafiya tare da takamaiman yanayin kiwon lafiya irin su al'amuran valve, atrial fibrillation, ]
masu karbar bugun zuciya, da gazawar zuciya.

Kungiyoyin gyaran zuciya

kwararrun CR suna aiki tare a kasashe da yawa don habaka isar da sabis da habaka wayar da kan CR.Majalisar kasa da kasa na rigakafin cututtukan zuciya da farfadowa (ICPR), memba na Kungiyar Zuciya ta Duniya, ta kunshi membobin kwamitin da aka fi sani da su na al'ummomin CR a duniya. Ta hanyar hadin kai a cikin mafi yawan kungiyoyin da ke da alaka da CR, ICCPR na neman habaka CR a cikin kananan saitunan albarkatu, a tsakanin sauran manufofin da aka tsara a cikin Yarjejeniyarsu.

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