Harshen uwa

"Harshen Uwa"  ya kasance yare ne wanda a turance ake kira da "Mother Tongue"   wannan shi ne yare da mutum yake koya daga yarinta wato wajan mahaifiyar sa ba wai wanda ya koya a makaranta bayan ya girma. Harshen Uwa ya kusa ma'ana daban-daban.https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/mother-tongue

Wasu daga cikin wanda sukafi shahara a cikin ma'anonin sune kamar haka:

 Yaren da mahaifi (namiji) da mahaifiya (mace) suke yi don magana da junan su. 
 Yaren da yaro ya taso yana magana dashi. 
 Yaren da wani yanki suke yi don magana da juna. 
 Yaren da aka samo wasu yare daga shi.https://bilingualkidspot.com/2021/11/12/mother-tongue-meaning-facts/ 

 Amfanin Harshen Uwa 

 Faɗaɗa Fasaha wanda a turance ana iya kiran haka da "Intellectual Development", karatu ko bayani a harshen uwa yana sa mutane su fahimci abubuwan da akayi musu bayani da kyau kwarai. 
Faɗaɗa Fahimtar yare da al'adun wanda a turance ana iya kiran haka da " Development of cultural identity", wannan yana sa mutanen wuri guda su fahimci al'adun su a sauƙaƙe tun da suna yare ɗaya a inda suke.
 Tunƙaho wanda ake kira da "pride" a turance. Fahimtar yare uwa nasa mutum yayi alfahari a duk inda yaga wanda suke yare ɗaya. Hakan na ƙara dakona zumunci a faɗin duniya a duk inda Kaga wanda kuke yare iri daya dashi.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345436020_Understanding_of_the_Importance_of_Mother_Tongue_Learning

 Hanyoyin daukaka Harshen Uwa 
Masana yare daban-daban na yakin Afirka sun fara yunkuri wajen dawo da kayan karatuttuka su zama da yare daban-daban don farfaɗo da harshen uwa a wankuna na Afirka. A wani hira da akayi da wasu masana a yaruka a "Anadolu Agency" a yinin ranar tunawa da harshen uwa na duniya watau a turance "World Mother Language Day" a ranar Lahadi, sunce suna iyakan ƙoƙarin su don suga an dawo da harshen uwa.https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/africa-foreign-languages-edge-out-mother-tongues/2152004#

 Abubuwan Tunawa akan Harshen Uwa 
Shekara 65 da suka gabata ƙungiyan ɗalibai suka sadaukar da rayuwar su don ganin sun farfaɗo da harshen uwa. Ɗaliban sun yi zanga-zanga don neman harshen uwa na yaren "Bengali" wanda akafi sani da "Bangla" don ya zama harshen gudanarwa a gwamnattace wanda hakan yasa suka rasa rayuwar su, hakan yasa UNESCO  a 1999 ta maida ranar 21 Fabrairu na kowane shekara yaza ranar tunawa da harshen uwa wanda a turance ake kira da "International Mother Language Day".https://theconversation.com/lessons-from-africa-prove-the-incredible-value-of-mother-tongue-learning-73307

 Yin Amfani da Harshen Uwa Wajen Neman Ilimi 
Yin ilimi da harshen uwa na da mahimmamci sosai, hukumar UNESCO tana mattukkan kokari don ganin a dunga amfani da harshen uwa daban-daban a makarantu don koyarwa domin haka yana bada fahimtar abunda aka koyar cikin sauki. Sun kara da cewa yin amfani da harshen uwa yana sa kishin neman ilimin saboda kowa yana iya gane abunda ake nufi tunda da harshen yake magana a harkokin yau da kullun.https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/why-mother-language-based-education-essential sun kara da faɗin yadda harshen uwa kusan 7000 ne a faɗin duniya amma yanzu kusan 40% suna fuskantar baraza na ɓacewa saboda ba'a amfani da su wajen neman ilimi.

 Shahararrun Harshen Uwa a Yankunan Duniya 
Ingilishi shi harshen uwa ne a kasar ingila, jamus kuma a kasar jamani. Amma zahiri anfi amfani da ingilishi da farsanci a yammacin duniya sai dai kasar Sin watau "China" tana da yawan mutanen su harshen uwa yana da tasiri sosai a yankunan.https://www.worlddata.info/languages/index.php  

 Manazarta