Abd Allah ibn Mu'awiya

Abd Allah bn Mu'awiya bn Abd Allah al-Hashimi ( ; ya rasu a shekara ta 747 ko 748) shi ne shugaban Alid wanda ya fara tawaye ga Khalifancin Umayyawa a Kufa daga baya Farisa a lokacin Fitina ta Uku .

 Rayuwar farko da tashi zuwa ga imamanci 
Abd Allah bn Mu'awiya jikan Ali ne ga Ja'afar bn Abi Talib . Bayan wafatin jikan Ali Abu Hashim a shekara ta 703, shugabancin tafarkin Alid ya kasance babu kowa, kuma ‘yan takara da dama ne suka fafata da ita: wata jam’iyya ta ce Abu Hashim ya mayar da hakkinsa ga Abbasiyawa Muhammad bn Ali, yayin da wani bangare ke son shelanta. Abd Allah bn Amr al-Kindi a matsayin liman na gaba . Amma na karshen bai gamsu ba, aka zabi Abd Allah bn Mu’awiya a maimakon haka. 

Ibn Mu'awiya ya yi iƙirarin ba wai imamanci kaɗai ba, amma kuma, a cewar ɗan ƙasar Sweden Karl Vilhelm Zetterstéen, matsayin allahntaka. Saboda haka, mabiyansa sun rungumi ra’ayin sake reincarnation kuma suka ƙi tashin matattu . 

 Tawaye da mutuwa 
A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 744 Ibn Mu'awiya da mabiyansa suka yi tawaye a Kufa, tare da wasu masu goyon bayan Alid (musamman Zaidisu ), suka mamaye birnin suka kori gwamnansa. Sai dai martanin gwamnan Iraki, Abd Allah bn Umar bn Abdil-Aziz ya yi gaggawar tafiya zuwa Kufa. Yawancin 'yan kasa sun yi watsi da tafarkin Alid, amma tawagar Zaidi sun yi yaki da jajircewa don ba wa Ibn Mu'awiya damar ficewa daga Kufa, da farko zuwa al-Mada'in daga nan zuwa Jibal . 

Duk da shan kaye da aka yi masa a Kufa, ‘yan sa kai masu adawa da gwamnatin Umayyawa sun ci gaba da tururuwa zuwa tutarsa, ciki har da ragowar Khawarijawa wadanda halifa Marwan na biyu da wasu mabiya Abbasiyawa suka yi nasara a kansu. Da yake cin gajiyar rigingimun Fitina ta Uku da juyin juya halin Abbasiyawa da ya kunno kai a Khurasan, wanda ya durkusar da gwamnatin Umayyawa, ya yi nasarar mika ikonsa a kan manyan yankunan Farisa, wadanda suka hada da mafi yawan Jibal, Ahvaz, Fars da Kerman . Ya fara zama a Isfahan sannan kuma a Istakhr . 

Daga karshe Marwan na biyu ya aika da wata runduna karkashin Amir bin Dubara domin yakar Ibn Mu'awiya. Sojojin Alid sun sha kashi a Marw al-Shadhan a shekara ta 747, kuma mulkinsa a kan Farisa ya ruguje. Ibn Mu'awiya da kansa ya yi nasarar tserewa zuwa Khurasan, inda shugaban Abbasiyawa Abu Muslim ya kashe shi. 

Wasu daga cikin mabiyansa sun ki yarda da mutuwarsa, kuma sun yi imanin cewa zai dawo a matsayin mahdi, ya kafa kungiyar da aka fi sani da " Janahiyya ". Wasu kuma wadanda ake kira “Harithites” sun yi imani da cewa ya sake dawowa cikin mutuniyar Ishaq bn Zaid bn al-Harith al-Ansari . 

 Nassoshi 
 Encyclopedia Islamica 


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Category:Musulmai
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