Brenda Rawnsley

Brenda Rawnsley (31 Yuli 1916 - 25 Yuni 2007)ɗan gwagwarmayar fasaha ne na Biritaniya wanda ya ƙirƙira kuma ya gudanar da sabon tsarin Buga Makaranta wanda ya ba da zane-zane ga makarantun firamare.An yi mata ado don hidimarta a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu .

 Rayuwar farko 
An haifi Brenda Mary Rawnsley (née Hugh-Jones)a ranar 31 ga Yuli 1916 a Oxford, Oxfordshire.Ta yi karatu a Makarantar Sarauniya Anne,Caversham,kafin ta sami gurbin karatu a Jami'ar Oxford .

 Sana'a 

 Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu 
A cikin 1939 Rawnsley ya shiga sashin horo na Jami'in ATS Cadet,amma ba da daɗewa ba ya bar aiki da Ma'aikatar Yakin Tattalin Arziƙi a London.A cikin 1941 ta zama Jami'ar Mataimakin Sojan Sama na Matakuma an buga ta a waje,tana aiki a Heliopolis,RAF Ramleh a Falasdinu,Alexandria da Algiers.Daga baya,a Ingila,ta yi aiki tare da Duncan Sandys yin hasashen yanayin tashin bama-bamai (V1s)da roka (V2s).A cikin watan Yunin 1945 ta gudanar da aikin leken asiri zuwa masana'antar bama-bamai ta Jamus a tsaunin Harz.A cikin 1945 Rawnsley,a yanzu Shugaban Squadron,ya bar hidimar tare da lambobin yabo da yawa. 

 Buga Makaranta 
A cikin 1935 mijin Rawnsley na gaba,Derek Rawnsley,ya kafa Hotuna Hire Limited da School Prints Limited. Tsohuwar ta ba da lamuni ta asali tana aiki ga gidaje masu zaman kansu yayin da School Prints Ltd ta ɗauki hayar zuwa makarantun sakandare.A lokacin yakin,bayan mutuwar Derek a 1943,mataimakiyar Derek,Dorothy Bland ce ke kula da Makarantar Prints Ltd.

A cikin 1945 Rawnsley ya karbi ragamar tafiyar da Makarantar Prints Ltd kuma ya ɗauki shawara daga masanin tarihi Herbert Read. Ta fara wani sabon aiki na ba da takardun asali na lithographs don yin hayar makarantun firamare.A cikin 1946 ta aika wasiƙu zuwa ga ɗimbin masu fasaha na Biritaniya:“Muna samar da jerin litattafai na auto-lithographs… don amfani da su a makarantu,a matsayin hanyar baiwa yaran makaranta fahimtar fasahar zamani.Ta hanyar rage farashin a matsayin mai sauƙi, za mu iya kawo wannan shirin… a cikin isa ga dukkan Hukumomin Ilimi. " 

An nemi zaɓaɓɓun masu fasaha da su samar da lithograph ta amfani da launuka da bai wuce shida ba,don taimakawa wajen samarwa da yawa.Masu zane-zane a cikin jerin bugu biyu na farko da aka samar a cikin 1946 da 1947 sun haɗa da John Nash (Gbibi,1947),Feliks Topolski,John Skeaping,David Gentleman,Edwin La Dell (Hasumiyar London,1945), Hans Feibusch,LS Lowry (Punch and Judy,1946),Michael Rothenstein,Julian Trevelyan (Harbour,1946) da John Tunnard.Thomas Griffiths da Baynard Press ne suka buga lithographs daga dutse ko faranti na zinc.Hopkinson, Martin (2007). Artmonsky, Ruth (ed.). "School Prints". Print Quarterly. 24 (3): 331–333. ISSN 0265-8305. JSTOR 41826673.

A cikin 1947 Rawnsley ya tashi zuwa Faransa kuma ya shawo kan Pablo Picasso (Composition, 1948)Georges Braque,Henri Matisse,Fernand Léger da Raoul Dufy don samar da lithographs don tsarin Buga Makaranta. An ƙaddamar da ''Turai jerin' a cikin 1949,wanda ya ƙunshi bugu shida,mai zane na ƙarshe shine Henry Moore (Abubuwan sassaƙa,1949).

Manazarta

Category:Matattun 2007