Gyaran ciwon daji

An bayyana farfadowar ciwon daji a cikin wallafe wallafen kimiyya a matsayin wani fanni na musamman na likitanci wanda ke mayar da hankali kan rage ko kawar da lahani na maganin ciwon daji da inganta ƙarfin masu tsira, ikon yin aiki da ingancin rayuwa.https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fcncr.28713

Wannan filin wani yanki ne na Magungunan Jiki da Gyara (PM&R), wanda kuma aka sani da ilimin motsa jiki da/ko magungunan gyarawa.https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0941-4355

 Iyaka kwarewa 
Masu ba da maganin ciwon daji suna mayar da hankali kan inganta yanayin aikin kowane majiyyaci. Yin amfani da tsarin kulawa na tsaka-tsaki, ƙwararru suna gano manufofin marasa lafiya, haɓaka aikinsu, haɓaka tsarin kulawa da haƙuri da dangi wanda ke ba da lissafin abubuwan haɗin gwiwar likita, jiki, tunani da zamantakewa. Manufar ita ce taimaka wa marasa lafiya su inganta alamun da ke da alaƙa da ciwon daji da kuma illolin jiyya, yayin da inganta aikin mara lafiya mafi kyau gida, aiki da cikin al'umma. Bugu da ƙari, likitocin gyaran gyare-gyare na ciwon daji suna aiki akan gano matsalolin ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma magance su tare da magunguna iri-iri ciki har da magunguna, hanyoyin da magani. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan hanyoyin sun haɗa da, amma ba'a iyakance su ba, nau'ikan allurai da sauran hanyoyin. Ayyukan motsa jiki sun haɗa da waɗanda masu ilimin motsa jiki, na sana'a da na magana ke jagoranta don yin aiki akan takamaiman mota ko nakasar fahimta da kuma matsalolin yin ayyukan rayuwar yau da kullun (ADLs) (tufafi, wanka, bayan gida da sauransu) da ayyukan kayan aiki na rayuwar yau da kullun (IADLs) kamar tsaftace gida, siyayya, da sauransu. Duk da haka, aikin motsa jiki na gabaɗaya wanda majiyyaci ke motsa shi don kiyayewa ko haɓaka juriya da matsayin aikin gabaɗaya shima muhimmin sashi ne na tsarin gyarawa. Saboda matsalolin masu fama da ciwon daji yawanci suna da rikitarwa kuma waɗanda suka tsira suna da yuwuwar haɓaka al'amuran jiki, tunani da aiki, ƙwararrun gyare-gyare sun ba da shawarar cewa a haɗa gyaran kansar a cikin kulawar cutar kansa da wuri.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27912999 Labarai da yawa na asibiti sun ba da haske game da tasirin ayyukan gyarawa kafin, lokacin, da kuma bayan maganin ciwon daji don tantancewa, tantancewa, da kuma kula da bukatun aikin marasa lafiya.

Aiki
Tawagar Gyaran Ciwon daji
Likitocin da suka ƙware a cikin PM&R galibi ana kiransu physiatrists (ko likitocin likitanci). Waɗannan likitocin suna jagorantar ƙungiyoyin tsaka-tsaki, kuma ƙwararrun ƙwararru ne a cikin ba da magani na matsalolin ƙwayoyin cuta da magungunan gyarawa. Likitocin jiki yakamata su kasance cikin ƙungiyar masu kula da cutar kansa yayin da suke yin kimantawa na gano cutar, suna ba da ƙwarewa ta musamman a cikin rubuta magunguna, yin allura da rubuta tsaga da sauran na'urori masu dacewa don kula da yanayin marasa ciwon daji waɗanda ke haifar da maganin cutar kansa ko kansar kanta.https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.soncn.2014.11.003 Sauran mambobi masu yuwuwa na ƙungiyar farfado da cutar kansa sun haɗa da, amma ba'a iyakance ga, likitocin jiki da na sana'a, masu ilimin harshe na magana, ma'aikatan jinya, likitocin motsa jiki, ma'aikatan zamantakewa na oncology, manajojin shari'a da masana ilimin halayyar dan adam.

Gwajin Mara lafiya

Kungiyar gyaran gyare-gyaren ciwon daji
tana kimantawa
da kula da marasa lafiya
don nau'o'in orthopedic, jijiyoyi da kuma kiwon lafiya da ke haifar da ciwon daji ko
maganin ciwon daji (misali chemotherapy) wanda zai iva rinjayar aikin masu tsira da
kuma ingancin rayuwa. Wadannan su ne
w a s fannonin da kungiyar gyaran kansa za
ta iya mayar da hankali a kai:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23856764 
.Diagnostic Hoto ga neurologic da musculoskeletal al'amurran da suka shafi

.Electrodiagnostic binciken don neurologic da musculoskeletal matsalolin

.Therapeutic motsa jiki
Gwargwadon motsa jiki don karfi da vanavin vanayin zuciva

.Hadiya kima da magani

.Kimanin magana da magani
Kimanin rashin aikin hanji da mafitsara Kimanin tabarbarewar jima'i da magani 
.Kimanin lafiyar gida .Kimanin wurin aiki 
.Magungunan likitancin baki da/ko na waje

.Magungunan allura
Manipulation da/ko tattara nama mai laushi

.Hanyoyin magungunan jiki Orthotics da prosthetics

.Assistive na'urorin Kayan aiki masu dacewa

.Kayan aikin likita masu dorewa

Samfuran Gyaran Cutar Cancer 
Kulawar Asibiti

Ana ba da gyaran gyare-gyaren ciwon daji
na asibiti a wuraren gyaran marasa lafiya,
kwararrun wuraren jinya, asibitocin kulawa na dogon lokaci da wuraren asibiti. Marasa
lafiya ciwon daji suna fuskantar kima na
aiki na yau da kullun don gano nakasu tare da manufar samar da cikakkiyar jiyya da
kulawar likita don inganta yanayin aikin su
gabadaya. Alokacin wanna kulawa, ana ba da sabis iri-iri da suka hada da, amma ba'a iyakance ga: jiyya na jiki, aikin motsa jiki, maganin magana, abinci mai gina jiki, ilimin halin dan adam da jinya.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27237580 

Kulawar Gida

A cikin
wadannan shirye-shiryen, marasa lafiya suna karbar sabis kai tsaye a gida
don ba da taimako tare da kulawar alamun,
kulawar rauni, mahimman alamun kulawa da kulawa da magani. Wadannan su ne
yawanci shirye-shirye na jinya, duk da
haka, masu ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali kuma za su iya motsa su lokacin da
aka mayar da hankali kan aiki. A wadancan
lokuta, ana ba da umarnin sabis na gida don samar wa marasa lafiya da likitocin
gida don gudanar da shirye-shiryen motsa jiki na gida, na aiki ko na magana.

Kula da marasa lafiya (Outpatient)

Wadannan shirye-shiryen suna habaka ganowa da sarrafa abubuwan guba na jiyya wadanda ke shafar aiki a cikin saitin mara
lafiya. Suna ba da sabis iri-iri don magance bukatun jiki da na tunanin marasa lafiya.
W a s daga cikin wadannan ayyuka ana ba da su ta hanyar likitoci, ma'aikatan jinya, masu ilimin halin dan adam da masu
kwantar da hankali. Koyaya, wadannan shirye-shiryen na iya bambanta sosai daga wannan cibiya zuwa waccan. 

Prehabilitation

Maganin ciwon daji yana nufin kimantawa da ayyukan da ake gudanarwa bayan
ganewar asali amma kafin a fara maganin ciwon daji. Kwamitin kwararru ya bayyana
mahimmancin kafa sabis na gyarawa kafin
maganin ciwon daji don habaka juriya ga
tiyata ko jiyya, rage yawan guba da inganta sakamako. Nazarin asibiti na baya-bayan
nan ya nuna cewa prehabilitation na ciwon
daji da gyare-gyare na iya habaka aiki kuma yana iya inganta sakamako da kimar nakasa.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23756434Misali, wani bincike na 2020 da ke kallon maza masu jiran tiyata don ciwon urological ya nuna cewa horarwar tazara
mai karfi (HIIT) na iya inganta lafiyar zuciya da huhu a cikin wata daya kafin a yi musu tiyata.https://evidence.nihr.ac.uk/alert/high-intensity-interval-training-rapidly-improves-fitness-in-patients-awaiting-surgery-for-urological-cancer/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32157250

 Manazarta