Condor

Condor shine sunan gama gari ga nau'o'i biyu na New World vultures, kowannensu a cikin jinsin monotypic.   samo asali ne daga Quechua kuntur . Su ne manyan tsuntsayen ƙasa masu tashi a Yammacin Hemisphere.

Su ne:

 Andean condor ( Vultur gryphus ), wanda ke zaune a tsaunukan Andean .
 Condor na California ( Gymnogyps californianus ), a halin yanzu an iyakance ga tsaunukan gabar teku na yammacin Amurka da Mexico da kuma tsaunukan hamada na arewacin Arizona a Amurka .

 Tarihin lissafi 

Condors suna daga cikin dangin Cathartidae, wanda ya gunshi New World vultures, yayin da nau'ikan 15 na Old World vulturs suna cikin iyalin Accipitridae, wanda ya hada da Hankaka, eagles, da kites. A baya da kuma yanzu sun samo asali ne daga kakanninmu daban-daban. Dukansu masu cin mushe  ne kuma kungiyoyin biyu suna da kama da bayyanar saboda juyin halitta.

 Bayyanawa 

Both condors are very large broad-winged soaring birds, the Andean condor being  to 6 in shorter (beak to tail) on average than the northern species, but heavier and larger in wingspan. The Andean condor has a wingspan of  and even up to about  and a weight of 8–15 kg, with males ranging from to  and females . Meanwhile the California condor has a weight of 8–14 kg and wingspan of about 109 inches, or 2.69 meters. California condors are the largest flying land birds in North America. Among all living flying birds, the Andean condor is the third heaviest after the Kori bustard and great bustard (up to ), and second only to the wandering albatross (up to ) in wingspan. Measurements are usually taken from specimens reared in captivity.
Fuka-fukan manya suna da bakar fata, ban da fararen fuka-fuki da ke kewaye da gindin wuyan wanda tsuntsu ke kiyaye shi da tsabta. A matsayin daidaitawa don tsabta, kai da wuyansa na condor suna da ƙananan fuka-fuki, wanda ke fallasa fata ga tasirin rashin ruwa da hasken rana a tsawo. Kan ya yi laushi sosai a sama. A cikin namiji an yi masa kambi da caruncle ko kumfa, yayin da fatar  wuyansa a cikin namiji yana kwance a cikin ninka, yana samar da wattle. Fata na kai da wuyansa suna iya zubar da hankali a bayyane don amsa yanayin motsin rai, wanda ke aiki don sadarwa tsakanin mutane.  [<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2017)">citation needed</span>]
The middle toe is greatly elongated, and the hinder one but slightly developed, while the talons of all the toes are comparatively straight and blunt. The feet are thus more adapted to walking as in their relatives the storks, and of little use as weapons or organs of prehension as in birds of prey and Old World vultures. The female, contrary to the usual rule among birds of prey, is smaller than the male.

 Tarihin burbushin halittu 
An samo burbushin jinsunan condor da suka ƙare zuwa  yanzu daga zamanin Pleistocene a sassa daban-daban na Arewacin Amurka, gami da New York da Florida, wanda ya jagoranci masana kimiyya suyi tunanin cewa California condors (kazalika da kakanninsu da dangi) sun taɓa rayuwa a yammacin gabar Arewacin Amurka da kuma duk hanyar zuwa gabar gabashin, har zuwa karshen su / halaka su. Wasu masana kimiyya sun gano cewa dangi na dā na condor, Argentavis magnificens daga Kudancin Amurka, na iya kasancewa mafi girman tsuntsu mai tashi da ya taɓa kasancewa tare da fuka-fuki na  . Campbell, K.E. & Tonni, E.P. 1983. Size and locomotion in teratorns (Aves: Teratornithidae). Auk. 1983; 100(2): 390-403

 Halin 

Girman jima'i da halayyar haifuwa ba su bayyana a cikin condor ba har sai shekaru 5 ko 6. Za su iya rayuwa na tsawon shekaru 50 ko fiye, kuma su yi aure har abada. Tsohon condor a duniya ya mutu yana da shekaru 100 a Jardin d'Essai du Hamma a Algiers . 

Yaran suna rufe da launin toka har sai sun kusan girma kamar iyayensu. Suna iya tashi bayan watanni shida, amma suna ci gaba da zama da farauta tare da iyayensu har zuwa shekaru biyu, lokacin da sab on fuffuke ya fito masu. Akwai tsarin zamantakewa mai kyau a cikin manyan kungiyoyi na condors; binciken da aka yi kwanan nan ya nuna cewa 'tsarin pecking' an kaddara shi ta hanyar shekaru kuma, a cikin shekaru, ta hanyar jima'i (wanda ya saba wa binciken da ya gabata).

Rashin babban sternum zuwa anchor daidai da manyan tsokoki na jirgin sama ya nuna shi a cikin ilimin lissafi a matsayin mai sauka na farko. Tsuntsaye suna fuka-fukan su yayin da suke tashi daga kasa, amma bayan sun kai matsakaiciyar tsawo suna da alama suna tashi a cikin iska, suna wucewa daga daya zuwa gaba sau da yawa ba tare da fuka-fuka ba. Daya daga cikin condor  Andean yana yin rikodin kula da irin wannan jirgin na  , sama da sa'o'i biyar.

Condors na daji suna zaune a manyan yankuna, galibi suna tafiya kilomita  (160  a rana don neman gawa. Sun fi son manyan gawawwakin kamar dabbobi ko shanu wadanda suke ganowa ta hanyar neman wasu masu cinyewa, wadanda ba za su iya tsagewa ta cikin fata mai karfi na waɗannan dabbobi masu girma tare da ingancin condor mafi girma ba. A cikin daji suna cin abinci ne, sau da yawa suna tafiya na 'yan kwanaki ba tare da cin abinci ba, sannan suna cin kansu da kilo da yawa (pounds) a lokaci guda, wani lokacin har zuwa rashin iya tashi daga ƙasa.  [<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2017)">citation needed</span>]

 Sauran 
Benson, Elizabeth. The Mochica: A Culture of Peru. New York: Praeger Press, 1972. Moche na tsohuwar Peru suna bauta wa yanayi. Sun mai Berrin, Katherine & Larco Museum. The Spirit of Ancient Peru:Treasures from the Museo Arqueológico Rafael Larco Herrera. New York: Thames and Hudson, 1997. hankali kan dabbobi kuma galibi suna nuna condors a cikin fasahar su.

 Bayanan da aka ambata 

 Hadin waje 

 Nau'in BirdLife Factsheet Andean Condor
 BirdLife Species Factsheet California Condor An adana shi  
 Tsaro na California Condor 
 Masana kimiyya suna aiki don sake gina sararin samaniya na Colombia tare da Condors - slideshow na Los Angeles Times
 Ventana Wildlife Society: Condor Recovery
Category:Animal
Category:Bird
Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba