Zabe a Najeriya

Zabuka a Najeriya nau'i ne na zabar wakilan gwamnatin tarayyar Najeriya da jihohi daban-daban a jamhuriya ta hudu a Najeriya.  Tun shekarar 1959 aka fara zabe a Najeriya tare da jam'iyyu daban-daban .     Hanya ce ta zabar shugabanni, inda ‘yan kasa ke da ‘yancin kada kuri’a kuma a zabe su.  A shekarar 2023, 'yan Najeriya na shirin gudanar da zaben shugaban kasa da kimanin mutane miliyan 93.4 da suka cancanci kada kuri'a a fadin tarayyar kasar domin zaben ranar 25 ga watan Fabrairu.  

 Fage 
'Yan Najeriya na zabar shugaban kasa a matakin tarayya ( shugaban Najeriya ) da ' yan majalisu ( Majalisar dokokin kasa ). Jama'a ne ke zabar shugaban kasa. Majalisar kasa tana da zabuka biyu . Majalisar wakilai tana da mambobi 360, wadanda aka zaba na tsawon shekaru hudu a mazabu masu kujeru daya . Majalisar dattijai tana da mambobi 109, wadanda aka zaba na tsawon shekaru hudu: kowacce daga cikin jihohi 36 an raba su zuwa gundumomin sanatoci 3, kowanne daga cikinsu yana da wakilci daya; Babban birnin tarayya yana wakiltar Sanata daya ne kawai.  

Najeriya na da tsarin jam’iyyu da yawa, tare da jam’iyyu biyu ko uku masu karfi da jam’iyya ta uku da ke samun nasara a zabe. Sai dai kuma ‘ya’yan jam’iyyar PDP ne ke rike da ragamar shugabancin kasar tun bayan da aka koma zabe a shekarar 1999 har zuwa 2015 lokacin da Muhammadu Buhari ya lashe zaben shugaban kasa . 

 zaben 1999 
An gudanar da zaben shugaban kasa a Najeriya ranar 27 ga Fabrairun 1999. Waɗannan su ne zaɓe na farko tun bayan juyin mulkin soja na 1993, da kuma zaɓen farko na jamhuriya ta huɗu ta Najeriya .

 zaben 2003 
An gudanar da zaben shugaban kasa a Najeriya ranar 19 ga Afrilun 2003.

 Zaɓen 2007 
An gudanar da babban zaben Najeriya na 2007 a ranakun 14 ga Afrilu da 21 ga Afrilu 2007.  An gudanar da zabukan gwamnoni da na ‘yan majalisar jiha a ranar 14 ga watan Afrilu, yayin da aka gudanar da zaben shugaban kasa da na ‘yan majalisun tarayya mako guda bayan haka a ranar 21 ga watan Afrilu. Marigayi Umaru 'Yar'Adua ya lashe zaben da aka gudanar a jam'iyyar PDP mai cike da cece-kuce kuma an rantsar da shi a ranar 29 ga watan Mayu.

Jam’iyyar PDP mai mulki ta lashe jihohi 26 daga cikin 32, kamar yadda Hukumar Zabe Mai Zaman Kanta ta Kasa (INEC) ta bayyana, ciki har da Jihar Kaduna da Jihar Katsina, inda al’ummar yankin suka fafata da sakamakon zaben. Barry Moody, "Nigeria court clears way for late presidential bid", Reuters (Alertnet.org), 16 April 2007.

Bayan zaben shugaban kasa, kungiyoyin da ke sa ido kan zaben sun yi masa mummunar kima. Babban jami'in sa ido na kungiyar Tarayyar Turai Max van den Berg ya ruwaito cewa yadda aka gudanar da zaben ya yi kasa sosai a kan ka'idojin kasa da kasa, kuma ba za a yi la'akari da tsarin a matsayin sahihanci ba. "Nigeria election 'worst ever seen'", SMH News, 24 April 2007. Wani mai magana da yawun ma'aikatar harkokin wajen Amurka ya ce "sun damu matuka" da zaben da aka gudanar, inda ya kira su da "marasa kurakurai", ya kuma ce suna fatan jam'iyyun siyasa za su warware duk wani sabanin da ke tattare da zaben ta hanyar lumana da tsarin mulki. "Huge win for Nigeria's Yar'Adua", BBC News, 23 April 2007.

 zaɓen 2011 
An gudanar da zaben 'yan majalisu a Najeriya ranar 9 ga Afrilun 2011. Tun farko an shirya gudanar da zaben ne a ranar 2 ga Afrilu,   amma daga baya aka dage shi zuwa 4 ga Afrilu.

An gudanar da zaben shugaban kasa a Najeriya ranar 16 ga Afrilu, 2011, daga ranar 9 ga Afrilu, 2011.    Zaben ya biyo bayan cece-kucen da ake yi kan ko ya kamata a bar musulmi ko Kirista ya zama shugaban kasa idan aka yi la’akari da al’adar karba-karba tsakanin addinai da kuma bayan rasuwar Umaru ‘Yar’aduwa wanda Musulmi ne da kuma Goodluck Jonathan Kirista Kirista. daukar shugabancin rikon kwarya. 

Bayan zaben dai an samu tashin hankali a sassan arewacin kasar.  An ayyana Goodluck Jonathan a matsayin wanda ya yi nasara a ranar 19 ga Afrilu.  Kafofin yada labarai na duniya sun ruwaito cewa zaben ya gudana lami lafiya ba tare da tashe-tashen hankula ba ko kuma magudin zabe sabanin zabukan da suka gabata, musamman zaben shekarar 2007 da ake ta cece-kuce akai.  Ma'aikatar harkokin wajen Amurka ta ce zaben ya kasance cikin nasara kuma an samu gagarumin ci gaba a shekarar 2007, ko da yake ta kara da cewa an tabka magudi da magudi.

 zaɓen 2015 
Tun da farko dai an shirya gudanar da babban zaben shekarar 2015 ne a ranar 14 ga watan Fabrairu, amma daga baya aka dage zaben zuwa ranar 28 ga watan Maris (shugaban kasa, sanata da ta wakilai) da kuma 11 ga Afrilu 2015 (gwamnati da majalisar dokokin jiha).  Janar Muhammadu Buhari na jam'iyyar All Progressives Congress ya zama wanda ya lashe zaben shugaban kasa kuma an rantsar da shi a ranar 29 ga watan Mayun 2015. Zaben 2015 ya yi nasara saboda an samu tashe-tashen hankula a ko’ina dangane da mawuyacin halin siyasa da yanayin tsaron kasar a wancan lokacin. Sai dai kuma, a tarihin Najeriya, shi ne karon farko da shugaba mai ci ya fadi zabe. Goodluck Ebele Johnathan na jam'iyyar PDP ya sha kaye a hannun Muhammadu Buhari na jam'iyyar All Progressives Congress .  

 zaɓen 2019 
A ranar 16 ga watan Fabrairun 2019 ne aka shirya gudanar da zaben shugaban kasa da na ‘yan majalisun tarayya, yayin da a ranar 2 ga watan Maris din 2019 aka shirya gudanar da zaben kananan hukumomi da na jihohi. An dage zaben da mako guda bayan INEC ta yi nuni da cewa akwai kalubalen da ake fuskanta.  Kwanan da aka sake tsarawa sune 23 Fabrairu da 9 Maris 2019.

An sake zaben shugaban kasa Muhammadu Buhari na tsawon shekaru hudu. Dan takarar na farko dai shi ne tsohon mataimakin shugaban kasa Atiku Abubakar na jam’iyyar PDP.  Kingsley Moghalu na jam’iyyar Young Progressives Party (YPP), Yele Sowore na African Action Congress (AAC) da Fela Durotoye na jam’iyyar Alliance for a New Nigeria (ANN) wasu ‘yan takara ne masu farin jini wadanda dukkansu matasa ne. A karshen shekarar 2018, wadannan jam'iyyu uku tare da wasu sun yi yunkurin kafa kawance.  Sai dai 'yan takarar sun fice daga cikin kawancen tare da yanke shawarar ci gaba da yin takara a kan dandalinsu. 'Yan takara 73 ne suka fafata a zaben shugaban kasa. 

Tun da farko an sanya ranar 2 ga Maris 2019 za a gudanar da zaben gwamna da na 'yan majalisar jiha na 2019 a ranar Asabar 9 ga Maris 2019.  Da manyan jam’iyyun siyasa biyu; Jam’iyyun APC da People’s Democratic Party sun tsayar da ‘yan takara a zabukan da za a gudanar a jihohi daban-daban in ban da Ribas inda kotu ta haramtawa jam’iyyar All Progressives Congress gabatar da ‘yan takara sakamakon rikicin cikin gida da jam’iyyar reshen jihar.

A Najeriya, babban zaben shekarar 2019 ya zo da nasa al'amura, kalubale da nasarorin da ba a taba gani ba a zabuka biyar da suka gabata a jamhuriya ta hudu ta Najeriya. 

 zaɓen 2023 
An gudanar da babban zabe a Najeriya ranar 25 ga watan Fabrairun 2023 domin zaben shugaban kasa da mataimakin shugaban kasa da 'yan majalisar dattawa da na mjalisar wakilai bakidaya.

 Nassoshi 
Zaɓe 
Category:Zabubbuka
Category:Zabe 2023
Category:Tarihin Najeriya
Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba