Banu Hamdan

Banu Hamdan (  ; Musnad : 𐩠𐩣𐩵𐩬) tsohuwar ƙabila ce, babba, kuma fitacciyar ƙabilar Larabawa a arewacin Yemen.

 Asali da wuri. 
Hamdan ya samo asali ne daga babban magatakarda Awsala (laƙabi da Hamdan) wanda zuriyarsa ta samo asali ne tun daga farkon Kahlan. Gidansu ya kasance, kuma yana nan, a arewacin yankin Yaman, daga yankin arewacin Sana'a ya miƙe izuwa Marib da Najran daga gabas, Sa'ada a arewa da kuma gabar tekun Bahar Maliya daga yamma. Har ya zuwa yau, reshen Bakil na Hamdan ya mamaye gabacin wannan yanki, kuma reshensa na Hashid ya mamaye yammacin yankin. Sassan yankunan Hamdan sun yi hijira ta sassa daban-daban na duniyar Musulunci, inda daga ƙarshe suka watse, duk da cewa sun kafa wata al'umma ta daban a cikin garin Kufa na sansanin Larabawa, wanda aka kafa bayan mamayar da musulmi suka yi a Iraki a shekarun 630s. 

 Tarihi. 
An ambaci Hamdan a cikin rubutun Sabaic a matsayin qayls na Hashid, wanda daga baya ya sami iko a kan wani yanki na Bakil kuma a ƙarshe ya ba da sunan danginsu ga ƙungiyoyin ƙabilu ciki har da Hashid da Bakil.Andrey Korotayev. Pre-Islamic Yemen. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 1996. . P.139.

Aƙalla wani ɓangare na Hamdan ya aiko da wakilai, ƙarƙashin jagorancin mawaƙi Malik bn Namat da yarima Abu Thawr Dhu'l-Mashar, Annabin Musulunci Muhammad ﷺ, a shekara ta 631 suna neman kawance da shi. ’Yan ƙabilar Hamdani da yawa sun miƙa wuya ga Musulunci a lokacin balaguro zuwa Yemen ƙarƙashin jagorancin ɗan uwan Muhammad kuma surukin Ali a shekara ta 631 ko 632. Annabi Muhammad ﷺ, ya sanya ɗan ƙabilar Bakil a matsayin mataimakinsa a kan Hamdan. Ƙabilar sun kasance da aminci ga gwamnatin musulmi ta farko a lokacin yaƙe-yaƙe na Ridda da suka ɓarke bayan wafatin Muhammadu ﷺ a shekara ta 632. 

Sojojin Hamdani waɗanda suka zauna a Kufa a lokacin da musulmi suka ci Iraƙi da kuma bayan sun zama masu tsananin goyon bayan Ali a lokacin halifancinsa a shekara ta 656-661, da ‘ya’yansa Hasan da Husaini a bayansa. A yakin Siffin a shekara ta 657, sun bayar da gudunmuwar kimanin mutane 12,000 ga rundunar Ali wajen yaƙar abokin hamayyarsa Mu'awiya bn Abi Sufyan na Sham, kuma shugabansu Sa'id bin Qays al-Hamdani ya taka rawar gani a yaƙin. Sauran fitattun mambobi a Kufa a cikin wannan zamani sun haɗa da Amir ibn Shahr da mawaƙiya A'sha Hamdan. 

 Rassa. 

 Hashid da Bakil 
A yau har yanzu a cikin tsohuwar al'adar ƙabilanci iri ɗaya a cikin Yemen, Hashid da Bakil na Hamdan sun kasance a cikin tsaunukan Upper Yemen suna zaune a Sana'a a kudu zuwa kuma gami da Sa'ada a arewa, suna zaune a al-Jawf a gabas zuwa Hajja na yamma harda Amran a tsakani.

 Banu Yam 
Banu Yam ya zauna a Arewacin Bakil a Najran (yau a Saudi Arabia). Haka kuma ta koma cikin ƙabilu: jam'in Ujman na "AlAjmi" wanda ya zauna a gabacin Saudiyya da gabar Tekun Larabawa.

 Banu Kharf 
Banu kharf 'yan ƙabilar Hamdan ne, kuma suna zaune ne a arewacin ƙasar Yemen, musamman a gundumar Amran, kuma sun yi hijira zuwa wurin Muhammad domin su sanar da Musuluncinsu, kuma shehinsu Mujahid ne.

 Banu Kathir 
Banu Kathiri daga Hadramut a Gabashin Yaman inda suka kafa nasu sarauta.

 Banu Al-Mashrouki 
Banu Al-Mashrouki ya zauna a Lebanon a cikin iyalansa akwai sanannun masu tasiri, irin su; Awwad, Massa'ad, Al-Sema'ani, Hasroun.

 Banu Al Harith 
Banu Al Harith ya kasance a Jabal Amil, kuma galibin su ƴan Shi'a ne. Wani ƙaramin rukuni ya shiga cikin Druze na Yemen kuma Kaysi Druze ya tura shi zuwa Jabal Al Druze a Siriya.

 Littafi Mai Tsarki 
Andrey Korotayev. Ancient Yemen. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995 . 

Manazarta

Bibliography

Karin karatu
 Almsaodi, Abdulaziz. Modern history of Yemen