Isaac bin Samuel

Isaac ben Samuel dattijo (c. 1115 - c. 1184), kuma aka sani da Ri ha-Zaken (Ibrananci: ר"י הזקן ), wani Bafaranshe ne mai tafsiri da sharhin Littafi Mai-Tsarki. Ya yi girma a Ramerupt da Dampierre, Faransa a ƙarni na goma sha biyu. Shi ne mahaifin Elhanan ben Isaac na Dampierre. 

 Tarihin Rayuwa 
Ta wurin mahaifiyarsa ya kasance jikan Rashi kuma ta wurin mahaifinsa jikan Simhah ben Samuel na Vitry ne An yi masa laƙabi da "ha-Zaḳen" (dattijo) don bambanta shi da wani tosafist mai suna iri ɗaya, Isaac ben Abraham mai suna "ha-Bahur" (ƙaramin). Ana yawan ambatonsa da R. Isaac na Dampierre. Maimuniyyot, Ma'akalot Asurot, No. 5; Shibbolei ha-Leket 2:40 amma da alama ya fara rayuwa a Ramerupt, inda kakansa na uwa yake zaune. Sefer ha-Nayyar, p. 162; Maimuniyyot, l.c. Har ila yau, a Ramerupt ne ya yi karatu a wurin kawunsa Rabbeinu Tam Luria, Responsa, No. 29 bayan na ƙarshen ya tafi Troyes, Isaac b. Samuel ya jagoranci makarantarsa.

Ishaku ya zauna a Dampierre daga baya, kuma ya kafa makarantar da ke da kyau kuma mai kyau. Or Zarua, 1:126 An ce yana da almajirai sittin, kowanne daga cikinsu, ban da kasancewarsa gaba ɗaya a cikin Talmud, ya san dukan bita da zuciya ɗaya, ta yadda Talmud gaba ɗaya an adana shi cikin abubuwan tunawa da almajiransa. Menahem, Tzedah la-Derek, Introduction Sa’ad da yake zaune a ƙarƙashin Filibus Augustus, wanda Yahudawa suka sha wahala sosai a hannunsa, Ishaku ya hana sayen kadarorin Yahudawa da aka kwace, kuma ya ba da umarnin a mayar da duk wani abin da aka saya ga mai shi na asali. Wani sha'awa ta shafi ɗaya daga cikin martanin da ya bayar, inda ya dogara da shaidar baka ta uwarsa, matar R. Isaac b. Meïr, da na matar R. Eleazar na Worms, babbar jikan Rashi. Sefer ha-Nayyar, p. 167a

Ya mutu, a cewar Heinrich Graetz Gesch. vi. 210 game da 1200; a cewar Henri Gross Gallia Judaica, p. 161, and "R. E. J." vii. 76 tsakanin shekarun 1185 da 1195; kuma kamar yadda aka sani ya kai shekaru masu girma, Gross yana tsammanin cewa ba a haife shi ba sai bayan shekarar 1115. A ɗaya ɓangaren kuma, Michael Or ha-Ḥayyim, p. 512 ya ce kamar yadda Isaac b. An yi magana da Sama'ila a matsayin "Maigida tsarkaka" Sefer ha-Terumah, §§ 131, 161; Tosafot, Zevachim 12b, 59b kalmar da aka ba da ita ga shahidai, mai yiwuwa an kashe shi a lokaci guda da ɗansa Elhanan (1184).

 Tosafot 
Tosafot na Ishaku ya kammala sharhin Rashi akan Talmud ( Romm ya haɗa a cikin bugunsa na Talmud sharhin Ibrahim na Montpellier akan Kiddushin, wanda ba a gane shi da tosafot na Ishaku ba. ). Har ila yau, ya tattara kuma ya gyara tare da zurfin ilimi duk bayanan da suka gabata na sharhin Rashi. Tarinsa na farko yana da suna Tosefot Yeshanim, wanda, duk da haka, an sake gyarawa kuma an inganta shi. An ambace shi a kusan kowane shafi na Tosafot, kuma a cikin ayyuka daban-daban, musamman a cikin Sefer ha-Terumah na almajirinsa Baruch ben Isaac na tsutsotsi, da kuma cikin Or Zarua na Ishaku bn Musa .

An ambaci Ishaku a matsayin mai sharhi na Littafi Mai-Tsarki ta Juda ben Eliezer, Minḥat Yehudah, p. 8b wanda ya yi ƙaulin kuma wani aikin Ishaku mai suna Yalkutei Midrash ; ib. p. 22a na Ishaku ha-Lawi ; na Hezekiya ɗan Manowa a cikin Hazzeḳuni ; da kuma wasu tafsiri guda biyu. see Kerem Ḥemed, vii. 68 Ishaku ya kamata ya zama marubucin waƙoƙin liturgical da yawa, na piyyuṭ zuwa hafṭara, Landshuth, Ammudei haAvodah, p. 108 da na piyyuṭ na Purim . Machzor Vitry, No. 255; compare Luzzatto in Berliner's Magazin, v. 27, Hebr. part Marubucin waɗannan piyyuṭim na iya kasancewa na marubucin liturgical Isaac ben Samuel na Narbonne .

 Manazarta