Taron Toronto akan Canjin yanayi

A taron Toronto kan Canjin Yanayi: Tasirin Tsaro na Duniya, wanda Kanada ta shirya a Toronto, Ontario, tun daga ranar 27 zuwa 30 ga Yunin shekarar1988, mahalarta 300 - gami da masu tsara manufofi, masana kimiyya na duniya, ƙungiyoyin da ba na gwamnati ba, da ƙungiyoyin Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya -sun bada gargaɗi a ƙarshen taron cewa mutane bada gangan ba sun haifar da canje-canje marasa sarrafawa ga yanayin cewa idan an barsu ba zai iya haifar da"sakamakon zai iya zama na biyu kawai ga yakin nukiliya na duniya" Taron Toronto ya faru ne a cikin wannan makon da James Hansen, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin darektan Cibiyar Nazarin sararin samaniya ta NASA (GISS) daga 1981 zuwa 2013, ya yi gargadi acikin shaidarsa ta 23 Yunin shekarar 1988 a gaban Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijai na Amurka kan Makamashi da albarkatun halitta, cewa kashi 99% tabbas ne cewa "yayin dumama na duniya ba bambancin halitta ba ne" amma sakamakon "ginawa" na CO2 da sauran "gas na wucin gadi acikin yanayi". Taron ya "farfado" tattaunawa game da yiwuwar matakin kasa da kasa da kuma martani na manufofin jama'a ga canjin yanayi wanda ya haɗa da manufofi na farko don rage fitar da CO2.

 Bayani na gaba ɗaya 
Sa'an nan Firaminista na Kanada, Brian Mulroney ya bada jawabin buɗewa kuma Tom McMillan, Ministan Muhalli na lokacin, ya bada adireshin rufewa. Gro Harlem Brundtland, wanda yayi aiki daga 1983 zuwa 1987 a matsayin shugaban Hukumar Kula da Muhalli da Ci Gaban Duniya, wanda Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta kafa, ya gabatar da mahimmin adireshin bayanin kula game da Makomarmu ta Jama'a, wanda aka fi sani da Rahoton Brundtand, - rahoton rahoton rahoton Brundtlands na shafi 300 na hukumar, mai taken "Makomarmu ta Kasuwanci".The Brundtland Commission investigated overlapping issues such as the environment and sustainable development of energy, industry, agriculture, forestry, and human settlements. They also investigated overlaps with population and food security, international economic relations, decision support systems for environmental management, and international cooperation. The Commission held 100s of public hearings and received more than 800 written submissions. See p. 296-7 Initial funding came from the government of Canada as well as the governments of "Denmark, Finland, Japan, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, and Switzerland." In the reports call for action, it stated that "Over the course of 20th century, the "relationship between the human world and the planet that sustains it has undergone a profound change...[By the 1980s], "vastly increased human numbers and their activities have that power" and "major, unintended changes are occurring in the atmosphere, in soils, in waters, among plants and animals, and in the relationships among all of these. The rate of change is outstripping the ability of scientific disciplines and our current capabilities to assess and advise. It is frustrating the attempts of political and economic institutions, which evolved in a different, more fragmented world, to adapt and cope." See p. 281The World Commission on Environment and Development— a special independent committee—was established in December 1983 by the Secretary-General of the United Nations to "formulate" "a global agenda for change" with Gro Harlem Brundtland of Norway as chair."

Taron ya haɗa da adiresoshin na musamman, bayanin kula da maganganun abincin rana, da kuma tattaunawa. An samar da takardun taron da rahotanni daban-daban ciki har da "sanarwa ta ƙarshe, rahotanni na ƙungiyar aiki, takardar baya ta J. Jaeger da wata sanarwa da ƙungiyoyin da ba na gwamnati ba suka shirya".

Batutuwan da aka tattauna sun haɗa da canjin yanayi, greenhouses, ozone, gurɓatacciyar iska, ɗumamar duniya, cigaba mai ɗorewa, gurɓatawa, da albarkatun ruwa.The World Meteorological Organization includes the archives of the proceedings of the World Conference on Changing Atmosphere including the "invited presentations to the Conference and the results of its deliberations. The document is organized into four sections. The first presents the special addresses provided by the keynote and luncheon speakers. That is followed by all the theme papers. The third part includes the various conference documents and reports which emerged, including the final statement, working group reports, a background document by J. Jaeger and a statement prepared by the non-governmental organizations. The final section consists of a series of appendices presenting other documents pertinent to the Conference, as well as a list of participants and of conference committees and their members." See WMO UNEP

Taron Toronto na 1988 ya faru ne acikin wannan makon da James D. Hansen darektan Cibiyar Nazarin sararin samaniya ta NASA ta Manhattan yayi gargadi a cikin shaidarsa ta 23 Yuni 1988 a gaban Kwamitin Majalisar Dattijai na Amurka kan Makamashi da albarkatun ƙasa cewa kashi 99% tabbatacce ne cewa "yanayin ɗumamar na duniya ba bambancin halitta bane amma ya haifar da tara carbon dioxide da sauran iskar gas acikin yanayi." Daga 27 zuwa 30 Yuni,... "Taron Duniya kan Canjin Yanayi: Tasiri ga Tsaro na Duniya" ya tara ɗaruruwan masana kimiyya da sauransu a Toronto. Sun kammala cewa canje-canje acikin yanayi saboda gurɓataccen ɗan adam "yana wakiltar babbar barazana ga tsaron ƙasa da ƙasa kuma tuni suna da mummunar sakamako a sassa da yawa na duniya," kuma sun bayyana cewa nan da shekara ta 2005 za'a ba duniya shawara sosai don tura hayaƙin ta kusan 20% ƙasa da matakin 1988.

Farawa a ranar 30 ga Yuni 1988, Stephen Lewis ya jagoranci taron ƙasa da ƙasa na Toronto kan Canjin Yanayi tare da masana kimiyya 300 daga ko'ina cikin duniya da suka halarci taron. "Samun kimiyya na farko na duniya" cewa duniya tana "shiga zamanin canjin yanayi daba a taɓa gani ba" ya fito ne daga wannan taron.: 210 

Taron ya faru ne a bayan yanayin zafi wanda ya kafa sabbin rikodin a Toronto. Yanayin zafi ya tashi zuwa "matakan da ba a taɓa yin rikodin ɗinsu ba acikin sama da shekaru 150 na lura". Waɗanda suka halarci taron sun haɗa da Firaminista na Kanada, Brian Mulroney. Waɗanda suka halarci taron sun tattauna "damuwa game da batutuwan yanayi na duniya ciki har da ruwan sama mai zafi, raguwar ozone na stratospheric da dumamar duniya". Taron na 1988, "ya bada shawarar taƙamaiman manufa ta farko don rage fitar da carbon dioxide a duniya - 20% a ƙasa da matakan 1988 ta 2005."Kafofin yaɗa labarai na ƙasa da ƙasa, wanda ba a yi amfani da shi don cimma yarjejeniya kan batutuwan muhalli ba, sun lura da "babban matakin yarjejeniyar kimiyya" kan dumamar duniya.

Waɗanda suka halarci taron, sun bada shawarar cewa canjin yanayi ya kusan zama mai tsanani kamar yaƙin nukiliya, kuma an tattauna manufofi na farko don rage fitar da CO2.Gupta, Joyeeta (2010). "A history of international climate change policy". Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change. 1 (5): 636–653. doi:10.1002/wcc.67. ISSN 1757-7780. S2CID 153976657.

 Amsoshin Taron Toronto 
Taron Toronto na 1988 shine wahayi zuwa ga jerin rediyo na Kamfanin Watsa Labarai na Kanada na 1989, Yana da Matsalar Rayuwa, da kuma littafin Anita Gordon da David Suzuki na 1990 wanda ba na fiction ba, tare da wannan sunan ba wanda ke kwatanta rabin ƙarni nagaba dangane da muhalli.

An gudanar da taron ne a ranar 28 ga Yuni 2013, a Jami'ar Toronto da ke Scarborough don bikin cika shekaru 25 na Taron Toronto.

 Duba kuma 

 Tarihin manufofin canjin yanayi da siyasa
 Tarihin kimiyyar canjin yanayi
 Rahoton Brundtland

 Bayani 

 Manazarta 

Category:Canjin yanayi
Category:1988 Toronto