Sheffield

Sheffield birni ne, da ke a Kudancin Yorkshire, Ingila, wanda sunansa ya samo asali daga Kogin Sheaf wanda ke ratsa ta. Birnin yana aiki a matsayin cibiyar gudanarwa na birnin Sheffield. Tarihi wani yanki ne na Yammacin Yammacin Yorkshire kuma an canza wasu yankunan kudancinta daga Derbyshire zuwa majalisar birni. Ita ce mafi girma mazauni a Kudancin Yorkshire.

Garin yana gabashin tudu na Pennines da kwaruruka na Kogin Don tare da magudanan ruwa guda huɗu: Loxley, Porter Brook, Rivelin da Sheaf. Kashi 61 cikin 100 na duk yankin Sheffield sararin samaniya ne kuma kashi uku na birnin yana cikin wurin shakatawa na Peak District kuma shine birni na biyar mafi girma a Ingila. Akwai wuraren shakatawa sama da 250, ciyayi da lambuna a cikin birnin, wanda aka kiyasta ya ƙunshi bishiyoyi kusan miliyan 4.5.. Garin yana da nisan mil 29 (kilomita 47) kudu da Leeds da mil 32 (kilomita 51) gabas da Manchester.

Sheffield ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a juyin juya halin masana'antu, tare da manyan ƙirƙira da fasaha da yawa da suka haɓaka a cikin birni. A cikin karni na 19, birnin ya ga babban fadada kasuwancinsa na yankan gargajiya, lokacin da aka samar da bakin karfe da karafa a cikin gida, wanda ya haifar da karuwar kusan sau goma a yawan jama'a. Sheffield ta karbi takardar shedar karamar hukuma a shekara ta 1843, inda ta zama birnin Sheffield a shekarar 1893. Gasar kasa da kasa a fannin karfe da karafa ta haifar da koma baya a wadannan masana'antu a shekarun 1970 da 1980, wanda ya yi daidai da rugujewar hakar kwal a yankin. Hawan Yorkshire ya zama gundumomi a nasu dama a 1889, West Riding na Yorkshire County an wargaza a 1974. Birnin ya zama wani yanki na lardin Kudancin Yorkshire; wannan ya kasance na hukumomin yanki daban-daban tun daga 1986. Ƙarni na 21 ya sami babban ci gaba a Sheffield, daidai da sauran biranen Birtaniyya. Babban darajar Sheffield (GVA) ya karu da 60% tun daga 1997, yana tsaye a kan fam biliyan 11.3 a cikin 2015. Tattalin arzikin ya sami ci gaba akai-akai, yana kusan kashi 5% a kowace shekara, wanda ya fi na babban yanki na Yorkshire da Humber .

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