Bat-Kohen

Kohen bat ko kohen bat (    ) ’yar wani firist ce (firist na Yahudawa), wanda ke da matsayi na musamman a cikin Littafi Mai Tsarki na Ibrananci da nassosin rabbi . Tana da haƙƙin haƙƙoƙi da yawa kuma ana ƙarfafa ta ta bi ƙayyadaddun bukatu, alal misali, haƙƙin cinye wasu kyaututtukan firist, da ƙarin ƙimar ketubah .

 Littafi Mai Tsarki na Ibrananci 
A cikin Littafi Mai Tsarki, Yusufu  da Musa  sun auri ’ya’ya mata na firistoci waɗanda ba Bayahude ba (Masar da Madayanawa). Amma, a cikin littattafan rabbi, kalmar firist jemage tana nufin ’ya’ya mata na firistoci Yahudawa kaɗai, zuriyar Haruna .

Idan 'yar firist ta yi zina ta haram, sai a ƙone ta.  ya bambanta da hukuncin da aka saba da shi wanda ya kasance shaƙuwa. Mishnah Sanhedrin 11:1

An ƙyale ’ya’ya mata na firistoci su ci tsarkakakkun kyautai ga firistoci ( terumot hakodashim ), kamar yadda ’ya’yan firistoci, da firistoci da kansu, aka ƙyale su. 

Majiyoyin Rabbi sun kwatanta Tamar a matsayin ’yar Shem, kuma sun yi la’akari da cewa Shem ya kasance firist kafin a ba wa Haruna alkawari na firist . Genesis Rabbah 85:10; Tanhuma Vayeshev 17; Targum Yonatan Wannan ya bayyana dalilin da ya sa Yahuda ya ba da shawarar a ƙone ta har lahira saboda zarginta da ta yi na jima'i,  domin kona wani nau'i ne na hukunci wanda Attaura gabaɗaya ke tanadi ga 'ya'yan firistoci. 

 A cikin adabin rabbi 

 Abubuwan son aure 
Ko da yake ainihin dokar Attaura ta ba da izinin bawan jemage ya auri wani ɗan ƙawa, mai tuba kuma ya ’yantu bawa (Ibrananci eved me shukhrar ), Midrash da Talmud sun faɗi ra’ayin Rabbi Yochanan cewa ’yar firist ita ce ta fi dacewa ta auri firist. Rabbi Yochanan ya ci gaba da cewa idan wani malamin jemage ya auri wanda ba Kohen ba, akwai yuwuwar samun sakamakon da ba a so ga ango, kamar talauci ko mutuwar ango. Banda wannan haramun shine idan angon Talmid Chacham ne. Yalkut Shimoni to Leviticus p. 738 (HaMaor edition), Talmud Pesachim p. 49a

Talmud ya ba da labarin yadda Tanna Rabbi Yehoshua ya auri matar da ba ta kohen ba, sannan ya koka da cewa ta raunana shi. Rashi ya bayyana cewa auren lafin jemage da mutumin da ba malami ba, ko Talmid Chacham, ana daukarsa a matsayin zage-zage ne ga darajar Haruna, kuma shi kansa Haruna yana jin haushin rage zuriyarsa, wanda ke haifar da mummunan sakamako. . Rashi to Talmud Pesachim 49a

Babban malamin Burtaniya Nathan Marcus Adler ya yi mulki a shekara ta 1863 cewa 'yar Cohen na iya auren wanda ba Cohen ba. The enduring remnant: the first 150 years of the Melbourne Hebrew ... Joseph Aron, Judy Arndt—1992 "(Incidentally this fact is presumably the answer to the riddle to the ruling by Chief Rabbi Adler cited in the minutes of 18 October 1863 to the effect that the daughter of a Cohen may only marry a non-Cohen. " 

 Amfani da kyaututtukan firist 
Nau'in hadayu na firist ɗin ya hada da nono, da cinyar hadaya ta salama, da malmallu huɗu na hadaya ta godiya, da maƙarƙashiyar ragon na Nazirite .

Bat-kohen na iya ba wa ma'aikatanta damar cin abinci a cikin tarumah . Rambam, Hilchot Trumoth 6:1 A fasaha, za ta iya ƙetare mahaifinta (ko mijinta) kuma da farko ta ba ta zakka da hadayar kullu, amma Menachem Meiri ya hana hakan na damuwa cewa mutum zai iya ba da waɗannan kyaututtukan cikin kuskure ga matar wani Kohen da farko ’yar Ba’isra’ile ce. post dinta, irin wannan bayar da kyaututtuka ga mutumin da ba shi da hakkin samun kyauta. Menachem Meiri on Yevamot, p. 314

’Yar firist ma an yarda ta cinye ɗan fari . Game da ƙafar ƙafa, kunci da maw, akwai jayayya ta Tannaitic (tsakanin makarantun Rabbi Isma'ilu da Rabbi Eliezer Ben Yakov ) game da ko Ba'isra'ile yana yin mitzvah ta hanyar ba da su ga bat-kohen.

 Ketubah 
Kotun firist (kafin 70 CE) ya kafa cewa budurwa bat-kohen za ta karɓi ketubah na Zuz 400 (maimakon ma'auni na 200 Zuz na budurwa Bayahude). Mishnah Ketubot 1:2; J.Ketuboth 1.5; B.Ketuboth 12b (Duk da haka, Talmud Yerushalmi ya yi nuni da cewa bat-kohen da ya auri wanda ba Kohen ba ya karɓi wannan ma'auni na 200 Zuz, a matsayin hukunci na rashin yin aure a cikin firist. J.Ketuboth 1:5 p. 6a) . ) Bat-kohen da ya mutu zai karɓi daidaitaccen Zuz 100 na gwauraye, kodayake a wani lokaci an ƙara wannan adadin zuwa 200 Zuz. 

Rabbeinu Tam ya fayyace cewa kalmomin da ke cikin Ketuboth "abin da ya dace da ku" (Aramaic d'chazi l'chi ) shi ne ya nuna cewa yawan adadin ba a matsayin kari ba (Aramaic tosefet kethuba ) amma ainihin adadin (Aramaic ikkar kethuba ) . Rabbeinu Tam, as quoted by Mordechai ben Hillel to Ketuboth, chap. 236 Hakanan, Asher ben Jehiel ya bayyana cewa cikakken adadin 400 Zuz yana iya tattarawa ko da a cikin ainihin takaddar ketubah ta ɓace, Asher ben Jehiel on Ketuboth p. 12a minor chap. 26, Pithkei HaRo"sh minor chap. 26 kuma ko da mafi girman adadin zuz 400 ba a rubuta a ketubah ba, Shlomo ben Aderet to Ketuboth 12b duk wannan tare da niyyar bayyana mahimmancin 'ya'yan Kohanim. Shlomo ben Aderet and Nemukei Yosef on Ketuboth 12b

Shneur Zalman na Liadi ya bayyana cewa bikin daurin aure da bukin liman jemage ga wanda ba kohen ba ba a daukarsa a matsayin seudat mitzvah, tunda auren na iya haifar da mummunan sakamako. Shneur Zalman of Liadi Shulchan Aruch HaRav Siman 444:15

An yi ketubah 400-Zuz ketubah a lokacin amoric, amma daga nan gaba, ba a sami adadin adadin da aka samu a tushen rabbin ba. Epstein, The Jewish Marriage Contract (New York: Arno Press, 1973) Toldot HaKetubah B'Yisrael, p. 49 Women, Slaves and the Ignorant in Rabbinic Literature, and Also .. 2008 p114 Solomon Zucrow "At first there was no difference in the amount written in the Kethuba of one who married a widowed daughter of a Cohen, but later it was instituted that in such a case the amount should be two hundred zuzim instead of the customary one ..."

 Hujja 
Jonathan na Lunel ya kwatanta adadin da ya wuce kima da aka bai wa shugaban jemage a matsayin abin da ya dace da ita da danginta don kiyaye dokokin Attaura da hani da suka shafi iyalan firistoci da kuma kiyaye gadon ( yukhsin ) na zuriyar firist. Ya ki yarda da ra'ayin cewa irin wannan wuce gona da iri zai haifar da hassada da kishi daga iyalan da ba firistoci ba (waɗanda ba su da haƙƙin haƙƙin wuce gona da iri). Tosafot of Jonathan of Lunel to Ketuboth 11b

Yusuf bn Habib ya kafa hujja da wannan abin da ya wuce gona da iri da cewa babban abin kunya ne ga wani malami idan aka saki ‘yarsa, kuma mafi girman kimar ketubah yana hana mazaje su saki mata ’yan jemage. Joseph ibn Habib on Ketuboth p. 12a

 Sauran 
Sa’ad da ’yar firist ta yi zina, ba kawai ta fuskanci hukunci na musamman na ƙonawa ba (maimakon shaƙewa), amma an rage wa mahaifinta daraja daga tsarkakar da firistoci suka ba ta . Encyclopedia Talmudith; "Bat Kohen"

Jemage-kohen yana karɓar ƙayyadaddun bayanai masu sassaucin ra'ayi a cikin shirye-shiryenta na nutsewa . Talmud Yerushalmi, Pesachim 1

Ba za a fanshi ɗan fari na 'yar firist ko Balawe a kwana talatin ba.

Wani marubuci ya ce ya kamata kohen jemage ya kasance yana da fifiko wajen jagorantar zimmun na mata kamar yadda liman ke yi wa zimmun na maza. 

 A cikin Yahudanci na zamani 
A zamanin yau, Orthodox da yawancin malamai masu ra'ayin mazan jiya suna riƙe da matsayin cewa mutum ne kaɗai zai iya zama liman, kuma an san ɗiyar firist a matsayin kohen jemage ne kawai ta waɗannan ƙayyadaddun hanyoyin da aka gano a baya. Saboda haka, a cikin addinin Yahudanci na Orthodox maza ne kawai za su iya yin Albarkar Firist kuma su karɓi aliya ta farko yayin karatun Attaura na jama'a, kuma galibi ba a ba mata izinin yin hidima a bikin Pidyon HaBen ba.

Hakazalika, kwamitin halakha mai ra'ayin mazan jiya a Isra'ila ya yanke hukuncin cewa mata ba sa karɓar irin wannan aliyot kuma ba za su iya yin irin waɗannan ayyuka daidai ba, Rabbi Robert Harris, 5748 kuma yawancin majami'un Conservative na gargajiya sun riƙe matsayin jinsi na gargajiya kuma ba sa barin mata su yi waɗannan ayyukan kwata-kwata. 

Sauran malamai masu ra'ayin mazan jiya, tare da wasu malamai na Reformist da Reconstructionist, an shirya su ba da matsayin malami daidai ga ɗiyar firist. Ƙungiyar Conservative ta Amurka, wanda ya yi daidai da ra'ayin cewa ba za a maido da sadaukarwa a cikin Haikali ba kuma bisa la'akari da sadaukarwar ikilisiyoyi da yawa game da jinsi (amma ba kabilanci) ba, ta fassara sassan da suka dace na Talmudic don ba da izinin kawar da mafi yawan bambance-bambance tsakanin namiji da mace. kohanim a cikin ikilisiyoyi waɗanda ke riƙe matsayin ƙabilanci yayin da suke canza matsayin jinsi na gargajiya. Sun kafa wannan sassaucin bisa ra'ayin cewa gatan firist ba ya zuwa daga miƙa hadayun Haikali amma kawai daga tsattsarkan layi, kuma bikin kamar Albarkar Firist yakamata ya samo asali daga tushensu na Haikali. (Hujjar shigar mata a cikin Blessing na Firist ya yarda cewa kohanim namiji ne kawai zai iya yin wannan al'ada a zamanin Haikali, amma cewa bikin ba ya da tushe a cikin Haikali; haɗin gwiwa tare da Haikali ta wurin umarnin rabbi; da malamai don haka suna da ikon ba da izinin yin aikin ya samo asali daga tushensa na Haikali).  A sakamakon haka, wasu majami'u masu ra'ayin mazan jiya sun ba wa liman jemage damar yin Albarkar Firist da bikin Pidyon HaBen, kuma ya karɓi aliya ta farko yayin karatun Attaura.

Yawancin majami'u masu ra'ayin mazan jiya masu ra'ayin mazan jiya sun soke ayyukan kabilanci na gargajiya kuma ba sa yin bukukuwan da suka shafi malamai (kamar albarkar Firist ko kiran firist zuwa ga aliya ta farko).  Yawancin haikalin Reform da Reconstructionist sun ɗauki irin wannan matsayi.

Wasu kungiyoyin addu’o’in mata da suke gudanar da ayyukansu karkashin jagorancin halakiyya na malaman addini wadanda ba mabiya addinin Islama ba, wadanda kuma suke gudanar da karatun Attaura ga mata kawai, sun daidaita al’adar kiran lafin jemage ga aliya ta farko, da kuma lefi na biyu. 

 In Kabbalah 
Isaac Luria ya bayyana mummunan al'amari na kohen bat ba ya auri kohen daga ra'ayin Kabbalistic, ta amfani da gematria ; cewa tun da haruffan Ibrananci KHN ( ה,נ,ך waɗanda ke rubuta "kohen") ba su da daidaito ta amfani da dabarar Ayak Becher, don haka yana da kyau liman ya auri firist.
"Ayak Becher" dabara a yi ku ba כ ר ג ל ש ד מ ת da נ ך kuma ס מ ז ע ן ח פ ף ט צ ץ
Tsarin, in ji Luria, ya nuna cewa irin wannan aure tsakanin iyalan Kohanic yana aiki da kyau. Kitvei Ar"i vol. 2 p. 184, vol. 4 p. 275, Shaar Maamaroei Raza"l p. 15

 A cikin adabi 
Abubuwan da ake tsammani a kan 'yar Kohen a cikin Julian Stryjkowski 's Muryar a cikin Duhu. Contemporary Jewish writing in Poland: an anthology p44 Antony Polonsky, Monika Adamczyk-Garbowska—2001 "'Does he write that Chamariem, the daughter of Reb Toyvie, leads a life unworthy of a Jewish daughter, the more so the daughter of a Cohen?' 'Uhum.' 'Does he write that Chamariem, the daughter of Reb Toyvie, is a goy's concubine and has ..."

 Duba kuma 

 Bat Lewi
 Halakha da aka ba Musa a kan Sinai

 Kara karantawa 

 Bat Kohen - Auren Jemage Kohen Zuwa Kohen ( Igud HaKohanim, Published 2019  )

 Manazarta 

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