Fari a Najeriya

Fari da aka dade a Najeriya ya haifar da kwararowar hamada da karancin filayen kiwon shanu da noman noma .  Domin samun filin noma ko kiwo, ana ƙarfafa manoma da makiyaya su tafi sabbin wurare, wanda a lokuta da yawa ke haifar da tashin hankali    Makiyaya da manoma sun shiga faɗan tashin hankali cikin shekaru biyu da suka gabata.   Fiye da mutane 2,000 ne suka rasa rayukansu a shekarar 2018.   Sai dai da yawa daga cikin mazauna kauyukan jihar Filato ta Najeriya ba sa son fita saboda suna ganin yankin a matsayin gidansu.  Lokacin da aka kona al'umma, ana samar da sabbin bulo don gyara gidajen da suka lalace. 

Binciken Hotunan sararin samaniya daga Hukumar Kula da Sararin Samaniya ta Kasa (NASA) ya nuna cewa kusan kilomita 900,000 na tsohuwar ciyayi na Savanna a yankin Afirka an lalata su sosai tsakanin farkon shekarun 1960 zuwa 1986 saboda fari da ake ci gaba da yi (O'Connor 1995). .  

Fari wani lamari ne da ke faruwa a Najeriya kuma ya shafi al'ummar kasar baki daya. Yankuna masu busassun busassun da ɓarke sun fi hankali fiye da na'urar bushewa ta kudu, amma ƙimar raunin ya bambanta. A Arewacin Najeriya, akwai bayanai da dama na aukuwar fari da suka haifar da yunwa a shekarun 1914, 1924, 1935, 1943, 1951-1954, 1972–1973, Mortimore 1989 da 1991–1995 (Tarhule da Woo). "what causes Drought in Nigeria - Google Search". www.google.com. Retrieved 2023-07-10.

Wani bincike na baya-bayan nan da wani kamfanin bincike na Afirka SBMINtel ya gudanar a jihohi bakwai na Najeriya, ya nuna cewa kusan kashi 79 cikin 100 na manoman Najeriya suna fama da illar fari da ambaliyar ruwa a shekarar 2020. Daga cikinsu, kashi 26.3% sun sami cikas ga girbin su saboda matsanancin yanayi. Kimanin kashi 52.60% sun ɗan shafa, yayin da 21.1% suka ba da rahoton cewa babu wani tasiri daga fari da ambaliya. Binciken mai taken ‘’Yan Najeriya na son ci ne kawai,’ ya bayyana manyan kalubalen da manoma da masu safarar abinci ke fuskanta a Najeriya, wadanda ka iya kawo cikas ga samar da abinci a kasa. An buga wannan watan.  

 Tasiri 
Fari ya haifar da karuwar sauyin yanayi a duniya da kuma bukatar samun ci gaba mai dorewa. 

Haka nan kuma fari ya yi sanadiyyar salwantar rayuka. A cikin ‘yan shekarun da suka gabata an samu karuwar tashe-tashen hankula tsakanin manoma da makiyaya masu neman kiwo da ruwa. 

Muhimman tasirin fari a Arewacin Najeriya ya bayyana a shekarun da suka gabata, wanda ya shafi amfanin gona da noma a yankin. Fari yana da alaƙa da tsawaita rashi ko rashin isasshen ruwan sama, wanda ke haifar da ƙarancin ruwan sama na dogon lokaci a wani yanki na musamman. Wannan yanayin yana haifar da damuwa da ruwa da kuma raguwar amfanin gona a lokacin da ruwan sama ya kasa biyan bukatun amfanin gonaki. 

Masana sun bayyana ambaliya ta 2022 a Najeriya a matsayin mafi muni tun shekarar 2012. Wannan ambaliya ta lalata amfanin gona a sama da hekta 500,000 na gonaki, lamarin da ya shafi kananan manoma da masu kasuwanci a fadin kasar. 

Sauye-sauyen yanayi na shafar samar da wutar lantarki a Najeriya, domin yana haifar da ruwan sama da ba za a iya tantancewa ba, da kuma yanayin fari, wanda ke yin tasiri ga matakan ruwa a madatsun ruwa kamar Dam din Kainji . A lokacin fari, yawan wutar lantarki na ruwa yana raguwa, yana shafar rarraba wutar lantarki na kasa da kuma kawo cikas ga ayyukan masana'antu da suka dogara da ingantaccen wutar lantarki. Akasin haka, yawan ruwan sama saboda sauyin yanayi na iya haifar da mummunar ambaliya a cikin al'ummomin da ke makwabtaka da su. "Seven major ways climate change affects Nigerians - Daily Trust". dailytrust.com. 30 October 2022. Retrieved 2023-08-03.

 Jihohin da fari ya shafa a Najeriya 
Jihohin da suka hada da Sokoto, Katsina, Zamfara, Kebbi, Jigawa da Kano a arewa maso yamma da Borno, Yobe, Gombe, Bauchi da Adamawa a yankin arewa maso gabashin kasar nan sun fi fama da matsalar fari.  

 Yanayi 
Lokacin Harmattan da ke faruwa tsakanin karshen watan Nuwamba zuwa tsakiyar Maris na kawo fari a Najeriya.  Wani lokaci yakan haifar da babban gajimare na kura wanda zai iya haifar da guguwar ƙura ko yashi. Iska na iya ƙara haɗarin wuta kuma ta haifar da mummunar lalacewar amfanin gona.

 Hukumar gwamnati 
Dokokin kula da muhalli na kasa (Kwantar da Hamada da Rage Fari) na shekarar 2011, na taka rawa wajen daidaita kwararowar hamada a Najeriya.  Haka kuma suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen wayar da kan ‘yan Nijeriya musabbabi da hadurran da ke tattare da fasadi. Suna cimma wannan ta hanyar ƙarfafa Dashen gandun daji, Reseeding, Dashen daji da kuma kiyaye wuraren da ke ƙarƙashin Hamada. 

 Manazarta 

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