Fatima

Fāṭima bint Muḥammad (    , 605/15–632 CE), wadda aka fi sani da Fāṭima al-Zahrāʾ (  ), ta kasance ɗiyar annabin musulunci Muhammad da matarsa Khadija .  Mijin Fatima shi ne Ali, shine na huɗu a cikin Khalifofin Rashidun kuma Imamin Shi'a na farko . 'Ƴaƴan Fatima su ne Hasan da Husaini Imaman Shi'a na biyu da na uku.  

An kwatanta Fatima da Maryamu mahaifiyar Isah, musamman a aƙidar Shi'a.   An ce Muhammadu ya ɗauke ta a matsayin mafificiya a mata   kuma mafi soyuwa a gare shi.   Sau da yawa ana kallonta a matsayin babban abin tarihi ga matan musulmi sannan kuma ita me tausayi, karamci, da jurewa wahala ce.  Ta hanyar Fatima ne zuriyar Annabi Muhammadu ﷺ suka wanzu har yau.   Sunanta da lakabinta sun kasance sanannen zaɓi ga ƴan mata musulmai.  

Lokacin da Annabi Muhammadu ya rasu a shekara ta 632, Fatima da mijinta Ali sun ƙi amincewa da mulkin khalifa na farko, Abubakar . Ma'auratan da magoya bayansu sun yi imanin cewa Ali shi ne mafi cancantar magajin Annabi Muhammadu,  mai yiwuwa suna nufin sanarwarsa a Ghadir Khumm . 

Rigima ta kunno kai dangane da mutuwar Fatima a cikin watanni shida da mutuwar Muhammadu.  Ahlus Sunna sun yarda cewa Fatima ta rasu ne da bakin ciki.  A cikin Shi’a kuwa, an ce mutuwar Fatima (barin da tayi) ta yi ne kai tsaye sakamakon raunukan da ta samu a lokacin wani farmaki da aka kai gidanta don murkushe Ali, wanda Abubakar ya umarta.  An yi imanin cewa fatawar Fatima da ta rasu shi ne kar khalifa ya halarci jana’izarta.   An binne ta a asirce da daddare kuma ba a tabbatar da ainihin inda aka binne ta ba.  

 Suna da laƙabi 
Mafi sanannan laƙabinta shi ne al-Zahra ( lit. 'me haskakawa', 'me haske '   ),  wanda ke nuni akan taqawarta da tsayuwarta a cikin addu'a.  Shi'a sun yi imani da wannan taswirar cewa tana nuni ne ga halittarta ta farko daga hasken da ke ci gaba da haskakawa a cikin halittu.  Shi'a Ibn Babawahy ( d. 991 ) ya rubuta cewa, duk lokacin da Fatima ta yi addu'a, haskenta yana haskakawa ga mazauna sama kamar yadda hasken taurari ke haskaka mazaunan duniya.  Sauran lakabin ta a cikin Shi'a su ne al-Shiddiqa ( lit. 'me gaskiyta ' ),  al-Tahira ( lit. 'me tsarki' ),  al-Mubaraka ( lit. 'me albarka' ),  da al-Mansura ( lit. 'wanda Allah ya taimaka' ).  Wani lakabin Shi'a kuma shi ne al-Muḥadditha, bisa la'akari da rahoton cewa mala'iku sun yi magana da Fatima a lokuta da dama,    kamar Maryamu mahaifiyar Isah . 

 Manazarta 
Category:Webarchive template wayback links