Rivka Basman Ben-Hayim

Rivka Basman Ben-Hayim ( Yiddish   ; 20 Fabrairu shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da ashirin da biyar zuwa -ishirin da biyu ga watan Maris shekara ta dubu biyu da ishirin da uku) mawaƙiya ce kuma malama Yiddish Ya Isra'ila haifaffiyar Lithuania. Ita ce wacce ta karɓi kyautar Itzik Manger Prize a cikin shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da tamanin da hudu.   An kuma ba Basman lambar yabo ta Chaim Zhitlowsky a cikin shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da casa'in da takwas.  

 Rayuwar farko 
An haifi Rivka Basman a Vilkmergė, Lithuania akan ishirin Fabrairu shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da ashirin da biyar,  ga iyaye Yekhezkel da Tsipora (née Heyman).  Yayin da suke makaranta, ita da abokanta sun yi farin ciki don karanta wakoki da labarun Kadya Molodowsky, marubucin Yaddish mace.  Jamusawa ne suka kashe mahaifin Basman da ƙanenta Arele a yankin Baltic.  A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, Basman ta shafe kimanin shekaru biyu a cikin ghetto Vilna .  Bayan haka an aika ta zuwa sansanin taro na Kaiserwald da ke Riga . 

Basman ta fara rubuta waƙa a Kaiserwald don faranta ran ƴan gidan yari.  Lokacin da sansanin ya cika, sai ta ajiye wakokinta ta hanyar fitar da su cikin bakinta.  Bayan 'yanci, Basman ta zauna a Belgrade daga 1945 zuwa 1947. A can ta auri Shmuel “Mula” Ben-Hayim  kuma tare da shi suka tsunduma cikin fataucin Yahudawa daga Turai kuma suka wuce shingen shingen jiragen ruwa na Burtaniya don shiga Falasdinu . 

 Ilimi 
A cikin shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da arba'in da bakwai Basman ta yi aliyah sannan ta shiga Kibbutz HaMa'apil .  Ta sami difloma ta koyarwa daga Makarantar Koyar da Malamai da ke Tel Aviv.  Ta kuma karanci adabi yayin da take New York a Jami'ar Columbia .  A kibbutz ta koyar da yara kuma ta shiga ƙungiyar mawaƙan Yiddish Yung Yisroel ("Young Israel")  Yayin da take kan kibbutz ta rubuta kuma ta buga kundin waƙar ta na farko, Toybn baym brunem (Doves at the rijiya), in 1959. 

 Sana'ar rubutu 
A cikin shekarun shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da sitin da uku zuwa shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da sitin da biyar, mijinta ya zama mai kula da al'adu daga Isra'ila zuwa Tarayyar Soviet .   Basman ta koyar da 'ya'yan jami'an diflomasiyya a Moscow a lokacin da take can.  Ta kuma sadu da marubutan Yiddish na Rasha. 

Basman Ben-Hayim ta rubuta wakokinta galibi a cikin Yadish.  Tun daga wannan lokacin yawancin waƙoƙinta aka fassara zuwa Ibrananci.  Yayin da take raye, mijinta ya yi zane da dukan kwatancin littattafanta.  Bayan mutuwarsa, ta ɗauki sunan danginsa ta ƙara da nata. 

Basman Ben-Hayim ta ci gaba da rubuta wakoki kuma ita ne shugaban kungiyar Marubuta ta Yiddish da ke Tel Aviv . 

 Ta sirin rayuwa da mutuwa 
Basman Ben-Hayim ta zauna a Herzliya Pituah .  Ta rasu a Herzliya, Isra’ila a ranar ishirin da biyu ga watan Maris, shekara ta dubu biyu da ishirin da uku, tana da shekara 98. 

 Kyauta 
Basman Ben-Hayim ita ne wanda ta karɓi kyautar komin dabbobi ta Itzik a 1984.   An kuma ba Basman lambar yabo ta Chaim Zhitlowsky a cikin 1998.   Sauran kyaututtuka da sun haɗa da kyautar Arie Shamri a 1980; kyautar Fischman a 1983; kyautar da shugaban kungiyar sahyoniyawan duniya ya bayar a shekarar 1989; kyautar David Hofstein a 1992; Kyautar Beit Sholem Aleichem (Polack) a cikin 1994; kyautar Leib Malakh da Beit Leivick ta bayar a shekarar 1995; da kyautar Mendele na birnin Tel Aviv-Yafo a 1997. 

Manazarta