Ka'ab al-Ahbar

Ka'b al-Ahbar ( , cikakken suna Abū Isḥāq Ka'b ibn Mani' al-Ḥmyarī ( ) Bayahude ne a ƙarni na 7 ɗan ƙasar Yaman daga ƙabilar Larabawa ta "Dhī Ra'īn" ( )   wanda ya musulunta. An yi la'akari da shi a matsayin farkon ikon Isra'iliyya da Larabawa ta Kudu.    Kamar yadda addinin Musulunci ya nuna, ya kasance tare da Umar a tafiyarsa daga Madina zuwa Kudus, sannan ya zama mai goyon bayan Usman. Ya rasu a cikin Hims a shekara ta 652-6 AD. 

 Suna 
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 Tarihin Rayuwa 
Ba a san komai ba game da Ka'ab, amma bisa ga al'ada, ya zo Madina a zamanin Umar. Sannan ya raka Umar a tafiyarsa zuwa Kudus. An ruwaito cewa, lokacin da Umar ya shiga birnin Kudus da rundunansa, ya tambayi Ka’b: “A ina kake ba ni shawarar a ina zan gina wurin ibada? Ka'b ya nuna Dutsen Haikali, yanzu babban tulin kango daga haikalin Jupiter. The History of al-Tabari, vol. XII, Albany: State University of New York Press 2007, pp. 194-195 Yahudawa, Ka'b ya bayyana, a taƙaice sun yi nasarar mayar da tsohon babban birninsu kwata kwata  (lokacin da Farisa suka mamaye Siriya), amma ba su sami lokacin share wurin da Haikalin yake ba, domin Rumawa (Rūm) sun sake kwacewa. birnin. Daga nan ne Umar ya umarci Nabatawa su kwashe dattin da ke cikin Dutsen Haikali, bayan ruwan sama mai karfi uku ya wanke dutsen, sai ya gabatar da addu'o'i a wurin. An ce Umar ya yi shingen, kuma bayan wasu shekaru, Halifan Umayyawa Abd al-Malik ya gina Dome of the Rock a bisa wurin a matsayin wani muhimmin bangare na harabar Aqsa. Har zuwa yau, ana kiran wurin da Qubbat al-Sakhra (Kubbat na Dutse).

A bisa al’ada, Ka’b ya yi imani da cewa “Duk wani abin da ya faru ko zai faru a kowace kafa na duniya, an rubuta shi a cikin Tourat (Attaura), wanda Allah ya saukar wa Annabinsa Musa ”. Yusuf ibn Abd-al-Barr - al-Istiab, v3, p1287 Printed in Cairo 1380 A.H An ce ya yi hasashen mutuwar Umar ta hanyar amfani da Attaura. A wata ruwaya, Ka'b ya ce wa Umar "ya kamata ka rubuta wasiyyarka domin zaka mutu nan da kwanaki uku." Umar ya amsa da "Bana jin zafi ko ciwo". Abu Lulu ya kashe Umar bayan kwana biyu. Tarikh al-Tabari v4, p191 Printed by Dar al-Maarif-Cairo

A cewar majiyoyin Shi'a Ka'ab malamin Yahudawa ne, wanda ya tashi daga Yemen zuwa Bilad al-Sham (Syria). Ibn Hajar Asqalani, Taqrib al-Tahdhib, Op Cit., p. 135. Ya kasance daga dangin Dhu Ra'in ko Dhu al-Kila. Ka'b ya zo Madina a zamanin Umar inda ya musulunta. Ya rayu ne a can har zuwa zamanin Usman .

 Ra'ayin Sunna 
Ibn Hajar Asqalani, malamin Sunna na mazhabar Shafi'i na ƙarni na 14, ya rubuta cewa;Ka`b Ibn Mati` al-Himyari, Abu Ishaq, wanda aka fi sani da Ka`b al-Ahbar, amintacce ne ( thiqah ). Yana daga [tabaqah] ta 2. Ya rayu a zamanin Jahiliyya da Musulunci . Ya zauna a Yemen kafin ya koma Sham [~Syria]. Ya rasu a zamanin khalifancin Usman yana da shekara 100. Babu wani rahotonsa a cikin Bukhari. Yana da ruwaya guda a cikin Muslim daga Abu Huraira daga gare shi, daga al-A`mash daga Abu Salih . Ibn Hajar Asqalani, Taqrib al-Tahdhib, Op Cit., p. 135.Al-Tabari ya nakalto sosai game da Ka'b a cikin Tarihin Annabawa da Sarakuna . See: Tarikh al-Tabari v4, p191, v1, p62-63. Printed by Dar al-Maarif – Cairo. Sauran marubutan Sunna kuma sun ambaci Ka’b da ƙissoshinsa tare da Khalifofi Umar da Uthman da Mu’awiyah. See: Mahmood Abu Rayyah, in his book Adhwa (lights) on AI-Sunnah AI-Muhammadiyyah, reported that Ibn Hajar Al-‘Asqalani, recorded in his book (Al-Isabah, part 5, page 323). Also, Yusuf ibn Abd-al-Barr – al-Istiab, v3, p1287 Printed in Cairo 1380 A.H

A wani gidan yanar gizon da Ma'aikatar Awka da Harkokin Musulunci (Katar) ta ƙasar Qatar ke gudanarwa kuma mallakarta, ana iya samun fatawa akan Ka'ab al-Ahbar. 

 Ambato a cikin littattafan hadisi 
An ambaci Ka’ab al-Ahbar a cikin wasu littattafan hadisi kamar Sahih Muslim Sahih Muslim, Book 1, Hadith 398 Sunnah.com da Muwatta Malik, Muwatta Malik, Book 5, Hadith 17 Sunnah.com da sauransu. An ruwaito hadisi cewa halifa Umar bn Khattab ya naɗa shi a matsayin amir a kan musulmi. Muwatta Malik, Book 20, Hadith 83 Sunnah.com

 Ra'ayin Shi'a goma sha biyu 
A cikin al'adar Shi'a ana kallon Ka'b a matsayin wani mutum wanda ba shi da tabbas. Muhammad al-Tijani malamin Shi'a a ƙarni na 20 ya rubuta cewa "Shi Bayahude ne daga ƙasar Yemen wanda ya yi kamar ya musulunta sannan ya tafi Madina a zamanin Umar bn al-Khattab." The Shi'a: The Real Followers of the Sunnah by Muhammad al-Tijani chapter "Is it "the Book of Allah and my Progeny" or "the Book of Allah and my Sunnah"? " on Al-Islam.org Muhammad Jawad Chirri ya rubuta, bayan ya kawo wani hadisi cewa, “Ya kamata wannan tattaunawa ta fadakar da mu game da yunkurin Ka’b na yaudara da nasara na yin tasiri ga abubuwan da zasu faru nan gaba ta hanyar shawarwarin shaiɗan. Yana tattare da ha’inci mai yawa wanda ya haifar da illoli masu yawa ga Musulunci da Musulmi.”  . Tasirin Ka'b ya lalace a cikin al'adar Shi'a ta Musulunci.  

 Zargin son zuciya na Yahudawa 
An zarge shi a wasu hadisai da shigar da Yahudawa a cikin Musulunci.  Misali, Abd Allah bn Abbas ya yi saɓani a kan wani ra’ayi da aka jingina wa Ka’ab cewa “ranar kiyama za a fito da rana da wata kamar bijimai guda biyu da ba su sani ba, a jefa su wuta”. Al-Tabari ya ce Ibn Abbas ya ce "Kaab ya fadi karya!" sau uku, ya nakalto Alqur'ani cewa rana da wata suna biyayya ga Allah. Ya zargi Ka'b da ƙoƙarin shigar da tatsuniyoyi na Yahudawa cikin Musulunci. Tabari - History of al-Tabari, v1, p62 - 63

 Tatsuniyoyi na Yahudawa-Kirista 
A cewar  na ƙarni na 19, an danganta shi da raya al'adun Sunna.    Liran Yagdar na Jami’ar Yale ya ce Ka’b ba shi da wani tasiri sosai a al’adar ‘yan Sunna, kuma ya ce “Kiristoci da Yahudawa sun ɗauki Ka’b a cikin tatsuniyoyinsu na bayyanar Musulunci, suna son su ƙaryata ingancin Alkur’ani ta hanyar yin ishara ga Yahudawa masu tuba. kamar Ka’b wanda ya gurɓata littafin Ƙasa daga ciki.”

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 Abdullahi bin Saba'

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