Kuri'ar raba gardama ta haƙƙoƙin Ɗan Adam

Kuri'ar raba gardama ta haƙƙoƙin ɗan adam ko ƙuri'ar raba gardama ta haƙƙin ɗan adam  wani aiki ne na dimokraɗiyya kai tsaye wanda ke ba da damar jefa ƙuri'a kan bayarwa ko gyara 'yancin ɗan adam na yanzu, 'yanci ko ƙungiyoyi kamar yadda gwamnati ta amince da su. An sha gabatar da irin wannan kuri’ar jin ra’ayin jama’a a matsayin hanyar da akasarin al’ummar da ke kada kuri’a a siyasa, maimakon na bangaren shari’a ko na majalisar dokoki, za su iya tantance abin da ya kamata jihar ta amince da shi ko aiwatar da shi, yayin da irin wannan kuri’ar raba gardama ta yi kakkausar suka daga wajen. Ƙungiyoyin kare hakkin jama'a da ƙungiyoyin ƙwararru ta hanyar da mafi yawan jama'a za su iya jefa ƙuri'a a kan haƙƙin ƴan tsiraru masu rauni bisa ga son zuciya na zamani.

 Amurka 

 Hakkokin LGBT da auren jinsi 
Masu ƙin yarda da akida sun saba gabatar da ƙuri'ar raba gardama kan 'yan madigo, 'yan luwaɗi, madigo ko madigo, galibi saboda ƙin yarda da addinin Ibrahim na adawa da luwadi. A cikin ƙasashen da gwamnatoci suka shuɗe, masu fafutuka sun yi ta ƙoƙarin sanya ko dai a soke sabuwar dokar ta LGBT ko kuma (tsarin mulki ko na doka) na haramta ayyukan LGBT na tabbatar da ko alaƙa, kuma galibi suna dogara ga babban yanki na addini don fitar da shawarwarin irin wannan kuri'ar raba gardama.

A Amurka, an gudanar da kuri'ar raba gardama kan 'yancin jama'a a shekarar 1900s na ƙarshe don hana ƙungiyoyin jinsi ɗaya (ciki har da aure) da soke gyare-gyare ga dokokin haƙƙin ɗan adam waɗanda suka haɗa da yanayin jima'i da asalin jinsi a matsayin azuzuwan kariya. Ƙarshen irin wannan dokar dai shi ne amincewa da gyare -gyaren kundin tsarin mulkin ƙasar Amirka da ke da yawan gaske na haramta ƙungiyoyin jinsi guda ta hanyar ƙuri'ar raba gardama a shekara ta 2004, wanda ya zo daidai da fitowar jama'a da dama na sake zaɓen George W. Bush a matsayin shugaban ƙasa, da kuma 'yan majalisar dokokin jam'iyyar Republican. kula da majalisun biyu na Majalisa.

Daga cikin wadanda ke ba da ra'ayin 'yancin LGBT, wakilai na aure da sauran haƙƙoƙi ga "raɗin jama'a" sun haifar da ra'ayi na hana dokoki da shawarwarin da suka shafi 'yancin ɗan adam daga zuwa wurin kada kuri'a. An ba da wannan ra'ayi ne bayan zartar da shawarar California Proposition 8 a California.

 Dangantakar jinsi 
A cikin kuri'ar raba gardama na Alabama a shekara ta 2000 kan soke dokar da kundin tsarin mulkin jihar ta shekarar 1901 ya yi kan auren jinsi,"National News Briefs; Interracial Marriage
Ban Up for Vote in Alabama" . New York
Times . June 3, 1999."Alabama considers lifting interracial
marriage ban" . CNN. March 12, 1999.
Archived from the original on April 7, 2012.
Retrieved February 1, 2012.   sama da kashi 40% na masu kada kuri'a sun kada kuri'ar kin soke haramcin. Yayin da haramcin ya kasance ba a aiwatar da shi ba bayan Loving v. Virginia, kashi 40.51% na yawan jama'a sun kada kuri'ar kin amincewa da sokewar. A shekarar 1998, masu jefa ƙuri'a na Kudancin Carolina sun zaɓi 61.95% -38.05% don goyon bayan soke haramcin tsarin mulkin nasu. Farfesan Jami'ar Harvard Werner Sollors ya yi nuni da cewa dokokin sun dauki lokaci mai tsawo bayan an soke su Loving saboda sarkakiya da ke bukatar manyan masu rinjaye domin a soke su. Suzy Hansen (Mar 8, 2001). "Mixing it
up" . Salon.

A ranar 26 ga watan Janairu, 2012, a jawabin da ya biyo bayan matakin da ya dauka na kin amincewa da halatta auren jinsi da majalisar dokokin jihar ta yi da kuma kira da a gudanar da zaben raba gardama kan lamarin, gwamnan New Jersey Chris Christie ya bayyana cewa, “Gaskiyar lamarin ita ce, ina ganin. mutane za su yi farin ciki da a yi zaben raba gardama kan hakkin jama'a maimakon fada da mutuwa a titunan Kudu. Cibiyoyin siyasar mu ne suka hana al’amura koma baya. Adya Beasley (January 25, 2012). "Video:
Christie thinks people would have been happy
to have referendum on civil rights" . New
Jersey Star-Ledger. Archived from the
original on January 30, 2012. Retrieved
February 16, 2012. " 'Yan siyasa da masu fafutuka na Ba-Amurke da sauran kakanni daga ciki da wajen New Jersey sun yi masa kakkausar suka,TOM HESTER SR. (25 January 2012).
"Christie says like same-sex marriage, civil
rights movement could have been settled
through ballot referendum" . Newsroom
New Jersey. Archived from the original on
29 January 2012. Retrieved 16 February
2012.   tare da magajin garin Newark Cory Booker yana mai cewa"...Ya Ubangiji, kada mu sanya hakkin jama'a. al'amurran da suka shafi ga jama'a kuri'a don zama ƙarƙashin jin dadi da sha'awar ranar. Kada wasu tsiraru su sami 'yancin ɗan adam bisa sha'awa da ra'ayin mafi rinjaye.Corybookerdotcom (Jan 25, 2012). "Mayor
Cory Booker Responds to Question about NJ
Marriage Equality Referendum" . YouTube. Ruth Fine (January 27, 2012). "Newark
Mayor Cory Booker blasts gay marriage
referendum" . San Diego LGBT Weekly.
Archived from the original on June 6, 2017.
Retrieved February 16, 2012.  " Christie da farko ya soki martanin da yawancin 'yan majalisa suka mayar a matsayin dabarar jam'iyyar Democrat, amma ya koma baya ga kalaman nasa ta hanyar neman afuwar laifin da ya aikata a ranar 1 ga FabrairuJenna Portnoy (January 31, 2012). "Christie
apologizes for statements linking civil rights
to gay marriage issue" . New Jersey Star-
Ledger.  yayin da yake ci gaba da goyon bayan kiransa na zaben raba gardama.

 Zaɓen Mata 
An fara gabatar da zaɓen mata kamar yadda aka tsara doka a cikin kuri'ar raba gardama ta mata ta Kansas, a shekarar 1867. Shawarar ta ci nasara sau biyu kafin ta wuce.

 Manazarta