Suzette Holten

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Suzette Catherine Holten (née Skovgaard, 29 Janairu 1863 - 11 Fabrairu 1937) yar wasan Danish ce kuma mai zane-zane wacce ke cikin dangin Skovgaard na masu fasaha. Baya ga shimfidar wurare,zane-zanen furanni da hotuna,ta ƙirƙira da ƙawata yumbu kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin mai sana'a. A matsayinta na mace,ba ta iya samun yabo irin na mahaifinta ko yayyenta.  

 Rayuwar farko da iyali 
An haife ta a Copenhagen a ranar 29 ga Janairu 1863, Holten itace 'ya na uku na PC Skovgaard da matarsa Georgia. Kamar 'yan'uwanta Joakim da Niels,ta zama mai zane.  Bayan mahaifiyarta ta rasu tana 'yar shekara biyar kacal, mahaifinta ya rene Holten a gundumar Østerbro mai wadata na Copenhagen. Ya kula da ita sosai,yana gabatar da ita ga ayyukan masu zane-zane na Danish Golden Age, godiya ga abokantaka da Lundbye, Marstrand da Constantin Hansen.Shi ne kuma ya fara karfafa mata gwiwa ta yi zane.Bayan ya mutu a shekara ta 1875,ta koma gidan mai zane Thorald Læssøe inda ta ci gaba da yin hulɗa da jama'ar fasaha.  A cikin 1894,ta auri ɗan kasuwa Hans Nicolai Holten (1871-1937). Suna da ɗa Aage Holten (1897-1968)  . 

 Ci gaban fasaha 
Holten ta yi karatun zane a karkashin Carl Thomsen, Laurits Tuxen da Frans Schwartz amma a matsayinta na mai zane da gaske ta koyar da kanta.  Ta ci gaba da karatunta a Paris tare da abokanta Elise Konstantin-Hansen, Edma Frølich da Sofie Holten. 

Ta kuma kulla abota ta kud da kud tare da sculptor Anne Marie Brodersen wanda daga baya ta auri Carl Nielsen.  Ta zama ɗaya daga cikin masu fasahar avant-garde da ke da alaƙa da Kunstnernes Frie Studieskoler wanda aka kafa don samar da madadin hanyoyin gargajiya na Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts.  Daga 1883 da kuma lokacin 1890s,ta yi aiki a matsayin mai sana'a tare da masu fasaha irin su Thorvald Bindesbøll da Theodor Philipsen a tukwane na Johan Wallmann a Utterslev da kuma a G. Eifrig's workshop a Valby Ƙirƙirar ta sun sami wahayi ne ta hanyar sassaka na gargajiya kuma,kamar na kawarta Konstantin-Hansen,ta fasahar Japan amma ita ma ta zana da kanta.An nuna wasu daga cikin sassanta a Nunin Nordic na Copenhagen na 1888. 

Holten ta fara baje kolin a bikin baje kolin bazara na Charlottenborg a 1885 tare da aikinta na pastel  (Yarinya Budurwa).A cikin 1891, tare da JF Willumsen, Vilhelm Hammershøi da Agnes da Harald Slott-Møller,ta kasance wanda ta kafa Den Frie Udstilling (The Free Exhibition) wanda ta ba da wani zaɓi ga abubuwan nunin Kwalejin a Charlottenborg .Ta taka rawar gani sosai wajen kafa cibiyar kuma akai-akai tana nuna zane-zane a wurin. Bayan mutuwarta a shekara ta 1937, Den Frie Udstilling ta gudanar da baje kolin ayyukanta na tunawa. 

A cikin 1895, Holten ita ce darektan fasaha na sabuwar kafa <i id="mwUQ">Kvindernes Udstilling</i> (Banin Nunin Mata) inda ta baje kolin tukwane da zane-zane da yawa.  Ta tsara ɗaya daga cikin ɗakuna,ta shigar da kayan kore wanda yanzu ana iya gani a Michael da Anna Ancher's House a Skagen kuma wanda ya zama wani ɓangare na zanenta  (1904). 

Bayan tsawaita zama a Amurka, Holten ta koma Denmark a cikin 1910 don yin aiki tare da yumbu a masana'antar Royal Porcelain Factory (1910-1914) da Bing &amp; Grøndahl (1915-1918). 

 Salon ƙirƙira 
Holten ta yi fentin galibin shimfidar wurare amma kuma ta ƙirƙiri zane-zanen adadi,hotuna da kuma zanen furanni, duk tare da tsarin ado.  Ayyukanta sun kasance sun fi na zamanin Golden Age, suna nuna haɗuwa da launin shuɗi da zinariya.Ta zana wahayi daga art nouveau da Japan art. Karl Madsen, wanda ya yaba da zanenta,ta yi sharhi cewa babu wani abu a cikin ayyukanta da ke nuna cewa mace ce ta halicce su.  Ta kuma yi wasu fasahohin fasaha da yawa da suka haɗa da zane-zane,kayan ado da kayan ado.Ɗaya daga cikin zanen bagadi da aka yi wa ado a cikin Cathedral na Roskilde shine aikinta. 

 Tafiya 
Holten ta shafe yawancin rayuwarta a Copenhagen. Duk da haka ta yi tafiya sosai.Lokacin da take matashiya,ta ziyarci Jamus, Austria, Switzerland, Italiya da Paris,kuma a cikin 1886 ta tafi Masar. Bayan ta ci gaba da zama a Paris,daga 1889 zuwa 1893 ta yi lokacin bazara a Norway.A cikin 1900s,ta tafi London da Netherlands. Daga 1906-1910,tare da mijinta,ta zauna a San Francisco da Seattle a 1906,ta dawo Denmark a 1910.Ƙarin tafiye-tafiye na Turai da arewacin Norway ya biyo baya. 

 nune-nunen 
A matsayinta na mace, Holten bata taba samun nasara ko ci gaban 'yan uwanta ba. Ana iya ganin misalan aikinta a gidan tarihi na Skovgaard a Viborg.  Ana baje kolin samfuran ƙirar yumbunta a cikin Gidan kayan tarihi na fasaha da ƙira na Danish .  An gudanar da babban nunin aikinta a Viborg Art Museum a 2013. 

Suzette Holten ta mutu a Copenhagen a ranar 11 ga Fabrairu 1937 kuma an binne ta a makabartar Solbjerg. 

Teresa Nielsen da Anne-Mette Villumsen sun buga kasida ta nuni mai suna  ('Susette Nielsen née Skovgaard - 'yar'uwar da aka manta') a cikin 2013.  

 Nassoshi 

 Hanyoyin haɗi na waje 

 Misalai na ayyukan Holten daga Vejen Art Museum
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