Rokhl Brokhes

Rokhl Brokhes (Yiddish: רחל בּרכות; watan Satumba ranar  23, shekera ta 1880 - 1942 ko 1945) ta kasance marubuciya ceta Yadish daga Minsk (yau a Belarus ). Itace marubuciyar labaru, wasan kwaikwayo, da labarun yara.

 Tarihin Rayuwarta 
An haifi Rokhl Brokhes a Minsk, acikin yankin Belarusiya na Daular Rasha, acikin iyali matalauta. Mahaifinta, Volf Brokhes, ta kasance maskil (mabiyin Haskalah, ko Wayar da kan Yahudawa), kuma ta koyawa mata Ibrananci, tana bata damar karanta Littafi Mai Tsarki da ayyukan Ibrananci na zamani, Forman, Frieda Johles (March 1, 2009). "Rokhel Brokhes." Jewish Women: A Comprehensive Historical Encyclopedia. Jewish Women's Archive (www.jwa.org). Retrieved 2016-06-05. Estraikh, Gennady (July 29, 2010). "Brokhes, Rokhl." YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe. Retrieved 2016-06-05. kamar litattafan Ibrahim Mapu . . Reyzen, Zalmen (1928). "Brohkl, Rokhl." Leksikon fun der yidisher literatur, prese un filologye. Vol. 1. Vilna: B. Kletskin. columns. 441-444. Mahaifinta ya rasu sa’ad da take ’yar shekara tara, kuma bada dadewa ba ta tafi aikin dinkin; daga baya ta koyar da aikin allura a Makarantar Koyon Aikin Yawa ta Yahudawa da ke Minsk.   

Ta rubuta labarinta na farko, "Yankele," lokacin tana shekara ta 17; an buga ta bayan shekaru biyu a cikin Der Yud, sabuwar jaridar Yiddish na mako-mako dake Warsaw. Daga baya ta buga wasu labarun acikin Der Yud (wanda ya wanzu har zuwa shekara ta 1902), da kuma acikin Yiddish daily Der Fraynd, wanda ta fara bugawa a St. Petersburg a shekara ta 1903, da Di Zukunft, a birnin New York. Forman, Frieda Johles (March 1, 2009). "Rokhel Brokhes." Jewish Women: A Comprehensive Historical Encyclopedia. Jewish Women's Archive (www.jwa.org). Retrieved 2016-06-05.

Brokhes tayi aure da likitan hakora, kuma tayi rayuwa na wasu shekaru a wani karamin kauye a lardin Saratov na Rasha, a yankin Lower Volga . A wannan lokacin ta cigaba da rubuce-rubuce amma batada alaka da yanayin adabin Yiddish kuma ta buga kadan. Reyzen, Zalmen (1928). "Brohkl, Rokhl." Leksikon fun der yidisher literatur, prese un filologye. Vol. 1. Vilna: B. Kletskin. columns. 441-444. Forman, Frieda Johles (March 1, 2009). "Rokhel Brokhes." Jewish Women: A Comprehensive Historical Encyclopedia. Jewish Women's Archive (www.jwa.org). Retrieved 2016-06-05.

Acikin shekara ta 1920, yayin da yunwa ta ci gaba a yankin Volga, a lokacin yakin basasar Rasha wanda ta biyo bayan juyin juya hali, Brokhes ta koma Minsk tareda iyalinta. Reyzen, Zalmen (1928). "Brohkl, Rokhl." Leksikon fun der yidisher literatur, prese un filologye. Vol. 1. Vilna: B. Kletskin. columns. 441-444. Acikin wadannan lokaci na rayuwarta a Minsk, lokacin da birnin ya kasance babban birnin kasar Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, ta sau dayawa buga aikinta acikin Soviet Yiddish jarida Der Shtern, ko, kamar yadda ta zama sananniya daga shekara ta 1924, Oktyabr . "Brokhes, Rokhl" (1956). Leksikon fun der nayer yiddisher literatur [Biographical dictionary of modern Yiddish literature]. Vol. 1. New York: Congress for Jewish Culture. columns 479-480. A wannan lokaci na baya ta kuma rubuta labaran yara da yawa. 

Ayyukanta, wadanda, baya ga gajerun labarai da litattafai masu yawa, har ila yau sun hada da wasan kwaikwayo da yawa, suna da hakikanin lankwasa, tare da dabi'un wakoki da kyakkyawan yanayin tunani; ta kwatanta rayuwar iyali na Yahudawa, musamman mata da yara, da kuma rayuwar aikin Yahudawa. Marubutan 'yan gurguzu na Yiddish Avrom Reyzen da Abraham Liessin (mawallafin Di Zukunft ) duk sun kasance masu sha'awar aikinta, kuma suna cikin abokanta na kurkusa. Estraikh, Gennady (July 29, 2010). "Brokhes, Rokhl." YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe. Retrieved 2016-06-05. Raicus (1998), p. 27-28, 33.

A cikin shekara ta 1941, kundin farko na ayyukan Brokhes ya tattara – juzu’i takwas da aka tsara, gami da labarai sama da 200 – An shirya don bugawa a Gidan Bugawa na Jihar Byelorussia a lokacin da Nazi ya mamaye yankin, kuma littafin bai taba fitowa ba. Raicus (1998), p. 26, 28.  Forman, Frieda Johles (March 1, 2009). "Rokhel Brokhes." Jewish Women: A Comprehensive Historical Encyclopedia. Jewish Women's Archive (www.jwa.org). Retrieved 2016-06-05.

Brokhes ta mutu acikin ghetto na Minsk . 

 Ayyukanta da aka zaba 
In Yiddish

 A zamlung dertselungen . Vilna: Farlag fun B. Kletskin, shekara ta 1922. Tarin labarai bakwai: "Unter-barg", "A bletl", "Di shekhina", "In der un in der gas", "Di zogerin", "In tshad", da "Dem kvure kunya vayb".
 Acikin pyonerishn lager. Minsk, shekara ta 1936.
 Gelke. Moscow, shekara ta 1937. Labari.
 Odlerl un shoyle, a vunder-maysele. Moscow: Emes, shekara ta 1939.
 Shpinen. Minsk: Jihar Byelorussian Publ., shekara ta 1940.

A cikin fassarar turanci

 "The Zogerin" [short story],Wanda Shirley Kumove. In: Frieda Forman et al. (Eds.), Found Treasures: Stories by Yiddish Women Writers. Toronto: Second Story Press, a shekara ta 1994. . p. 85-90.

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