Polly Higgins

Pauline Helène "Polly" Higgins FRSGS (4 Yuli 1968 "About Polly" .

eradicatingecocide.com . Retrieved 22 April

2019. - 21 Afrilu 2019) 'yar asalin Scotland ce, marubuciya, kuma mai fafutukar kare muhalli, wanda Jonathan Watts ya bayyana a cikin tarihin mutuwarta a cikin The Guardian a matsayin, "ɗaya daga cikin fitattun mutane a cikin green movement". Jonathan Watts (22 April 2019).
"Polly Higgins, lawyer who fought for
recognition of 'ecocide', dies aged 50" . The
Guardian . Ta bar aikinta na lauya don mai da hankali kan fafutukar kare muhalli, kuma ba ta yi nasara ba ta nemi Hukumar Doka ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta amince da ecocide a matsayin laifin kasa da kasa. Higgins ta rubuta littattafai guda uku, ciki har da Eradicating Ecocide, kuma ta fara ƙungiyar masu kare duniya don tara kuɗi don tallafawa lamarin. 

 Ƙuruciya da ilimi 
Higgins ta girma a Blanefield kudu da Highland Boundary Fault  a gindin Dutsen Campsie a Scotland. Higgins, Polly (20 May 2012).
"Interview: Polly Higgins, lawyer and
campaigner" . The Scotsman (Interview).
Interviewed by Ruth Walker. Retrieved 20 May
2018. Mahaifinta masanin yanayi ne a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu kuma mahaifiyarta ta kasance mai fasaha.  iyalan sun yi aiki game da yanayi da al'amuran kore (climate and green) sun yi tasiri a farkon shekarunta.   Bayan ta halarci makarantar Glasgow Jesuit St Aloysius' College (1986) ta kammala digirinta na farko daga Jami'ar Aberdeen (1990) sannan ta sami Diploma ajin Farko daga Jami'ar Utrecht da Jami'ar Glasgow bayan kammala karatun digiri (1991). Phil Miller (22 April 2019). "Tributes paid to
campaigning lawyer Polly Higgins, who
fought for law to 'protect Earth' " . The
Herald . Retrieved 24 April 2019. "About" . personal website . A lokacin shekarunta na jami'a, ta yi aiki tare da Friedensreich Hundertwasser, mai fasaha kuma mai fafutukar kare muhalli daga Austria. Daga baya suka tafi Vienna, inda ta sami tasirantu a kan motsin halittu na Turai.  A cikin 2013, ta sami Doctor Honoris Causa daga Makarantar Kasuwanci Lausanne, Switzerland.
Ta sami horo a fannin shari'a a Jami'ar City da Inns of Court School of Law a London; a 1998, an kira ta zuwa Bar (a Ingila).  Ta yi aiki a matsayin lauya da ke Landan, ta kware a fannin shari'ar kamfanoni da aiki.   Juliette Jowit (9 April 2010). "British
campaigner urges UN to accept 'ecocide' as
international crime" . The Guardian .
Retrieved 24 April 2019.

 Shawara (Advocacy) 
A ƙarshen shari'ar shekaru uku da ke wakiltar mutumin da ya ji rauni a wurin aiki, Higgins ta bayyana kallon taga a Kotun daukaka kara kuma tana tunanin "Ana raunata da kuma cutar da ƙasa kuma ba a yin komai a kai." da kuma "ƙasa na bukatar lauya nagari".  Bayan haka, ta daina aiki a matsayin lauya don mai da hankali kan bayar da shawarar kafa dokar kasa da kasa da za ta hukunta shugabannin kasuwanci da gwamnatoci ta hanyar sanya su da laifi kan cutar da muhalli da suke haifarwa.  George Monbiot ya bayyana irin tasirin da wannan zai iya yi.

An gabatar da Ecocide a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin laifuffukan yaƙi da zaman lafiya na ƙasa da ƙasa a cikin 1996, amma ba a haɗa su cikin ƙa'idar Rome ta ƙarshe ta Kotun Manyan Laifuka ta Duniya. Higgins ta fara kamfen don haɗa shi a kusan 2009. Monbiot, George (28 March 2019).
"The destruction of the Earth is a crime. It
should be prosecuted" . The Guardian .
Retrieved 29 March 2019.  Ta bayyana a cikin 2010 cewa ecocide "yana haifar da raguwar albarkatu, kuma inda aka sami raguwar albarkatu, yaƙi yana zuwa a baya. Inda irin wannan halaka ta taso daga ayyukan ɗan adam, ana iya ɗaukar ecocide a matsayin laifi ga zaman lafiya.”  Ta yi kira ga Hukumar Doka ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta amince da ecocide a matsayin laifin kasa da kasa, amma a lokacin mutuwarta, ba a cimma wannan buri ba. 

A matsayin wani ɓangare na kamfen ɗinta, Higgins ta rubuta Eradicating Ecocide kuma ta fara ƙungiyar tara kuɗi ta Kare Duniya.  Ta kasance wacce ta kafa Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Dokar Duniya."What we do – Earth Law Alliance" . Earth
Law Alliance . Retrieved 20 May 2018.  A cikin 2009, mujallar Ecologist ta bayyana Higgins a matsayin "ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu tunani goma a duniya"."Visionaries: Polly Higgins" . The
Ecologist . 1 April 2009. Retrieved 22 May
2018.  An sanya ta lamba 35 a cikin jerin mata 100 masu jan hankali na duniya na 2016 Salt magazine."#35 Polly Higgins" . Salt . Retrieved 22
May 2018. 

 Rayuwa ta sirri 
Bayan barin Scotland, Higgins ta zauna a London   kuma daga baya ta zauna kusa da Stroud, Gloucestershire.  Matty Airey (22 April 2019). " 'We must

build on her legacy' – MP's tribute to Polly

Higgins" . Stroud News & Journal. Retrieved

24 April 2019. John Hawkins (23 April 2019).
"Prominent Gloucestershire lawyer who
fought for the environment dies aged 50 after
short cancer battle" . Gloucestershire Live.
Retrieved 24 April 2019. Ta auri Ian Lawrie, alkali da QC.  "Ian Lawrie QC" . Counsel. Retrieved 24
April 2019.

A cikin watan Maris 2019, George Monbiot ya bayyana cewa an gano Higgins da ciwon daji na ƙarshe.  Ta mutu a ranar 21 ga watan Afrilu, 2019, tana da shekaru 50.  An binne ta a Slad, Gloucestershire. 

 wallafe-wallafen da aka zaɓa 
Littattafai

 Kawar da Ecocide: Dokoki da Mulki don Hana Lalacewar Duniyar Mu (2010) 
 Duniya Kasuwancinmu ne: Canja Dokokin Wasan (2012)  )
 I Dare you to be Great (2014)  )
 Dare to be Great (2020) (  (sake bugawa tare da sabon gabatarwa & appendices)

Takardu

 Higgins, Polly; Short, Damien; Kudu, Nigel (2013). "Kare duniya: A tsari na dokar ecocide". Laifuka, Doka da Canjin Jama'a. 59 (3): 251-266. doi: 10.1007/ s10611-013-9413-6. S2CID 145471989.

 Daraja da Karramawa 

 1998 - Kira zuwa Bar
 2009 - Masanin ilimin halittu - Ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu tunani na hangen nesa goma na duniya wanda "ta nuna kyakkyawan hangen nesa don kyakkyawar duniya"
 2010-11 - Kyautar Littafin Jama'a - Ban da almara - Kawar da Ecocide ta Polly Higgins
 2012 - Rachel Carson 50th Anniversary Memorial Lecture 2012 (London da Netherlands) - "Ending the Era of Ecocide" (Ecocide - Laifi na Biyar Against Aminci)
 2013-14 - Arne Naess Shugaban Farfesa (non-educated) a cikin Adalci na Duniya da Muhalli a Jami'ar Oslo, Norway
 2016 - Salt magazine: - Salt da Diageo Manyan Mata 100 masu jan hankali na Duniya, #35 Polly Higgins
 2017 - Daraja na Ekotopfilm, Slovakia, "Shawarwarinta na tsawaita ikon Kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta kasa da kasa za ta ayyana ecocide a matsayin laifin kasa da kasa tare da kisan kare dangi, laifukan yaki, laifuffukan cin zarafin bil'adama da laifuka na zalunci."
 2019 - Ekotopfilm, Slovakia - Kyautar Ƙwararrun  Ƙwararru na Polly Higgins

 Kayan ado na Scotland 

 Royal Scottish Geographical Society: - Shackleton Medal, 2018

 Kyauta 
An zabi kawar da Ecocide wanda ba na almara ba wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ta Littafin Jama'a na kasa a cikin 2011.  Higgins ta gabatar da Laccar Tunawa da Rachel Carson a cikin 2012.  Ta gudanar da digiri na girmamawa (non-academic) Arne Naess Farfesa a Jami'ar Oslo (2013-14)  kuma ta sami digiri na girmamawa daga Makarantar Kasuwanci Lausanne, Switzerland (2013).   An ba ta kyautar zumunci na Royal Scottish Geographical Society a cikin 2018.  Sauran lambobin yabonta sun haɗa da Polarbröd 's Utstickarpriset for Future Leadership (2016) "Winner of Swedish sustainable leadership
award gives prize sum away to victims of
Swedish mining" . Mynewsdesk . 11
November 2016. Retrieved 24 April 2019. da lambar yabo ta Ekotopfilm ta Slovakian (2017). "Honour of Ekotopfilm | Ekotopfilm" .
www.ekotopfilm.sk (in Slovak). Retrieved 22
May 2018.

 Manazarta 
Category:Mutuwan 2019
Category:Haihuwan 1968