Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Ma'adinai ta Ƙasa (Afirka ta Kudu)

Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Ma'adinai ta Kasa (NUM) galibi ƙungiya ce mai alaƙa da masana'antar ma'adinai, ƙungiyar ma'aikata tare da manufofi ta hanyar ma'aikata, a Afirka ta Kudu. Tare da mambobi 300,000 a shekarar 2014, ita ce babbar ƙungiya ta Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU).

 Tarihi 
An kafa kungiyar ne a shekarar 1982 a matsayin kungiyar ma'aikatan ma'adinai, a kan shirin Majalisar Kwadago ta Afirka ta Kudu.  Shugabansu na farko shi ne Cyril Ramaphosa, a ƙarƙashinsa ya girma cikin sauri, ya sami karbuwa daga Chamber of Mines a 1983. 

NUM ta yi nasarar kamfen a cikin shekarun 1980s don ƙarshen tsarin ajiyar aiki, tsarin da ya tabbatar da cewa an ba da ayyukan da aka fi biyan kuɗi ga fararen fata.  Kungiyar ta kasance mai kafa kungiyar Congress of South African Trade Unions a shekarar 1985.  A shekara ta 2001, ta shagaltar da Kungiyar Ma'aikatan Ginin da Allied, yayin da a cikin 2021 ta shagamar da Kungiyar 'Yancin Metalworkers ta Afirka ta Kudu.An kammala hadewar a cikin 2021.

NUM tana da alaƙa da duniya tare da Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya ta Chemical, Energy, Mine da Janar Workers' Unions.

 Yajin aikin 2007 
A ranar 4 ga watan Disamba na shekara ta 2007, kungiyar ta shiga yajin aiki don nuna rashin amincewa da yanayin aiki a ma'adinan Afirka ta Kudu. Yajin aikin ya samo asali ne daga hauhawar mutuwar ma'aikata daga 2006 zuwa 2007, duk da shirin gwamnati a watan Oktoba don rage mutuwar. Kasa da kashi 5% na ma'aikatan ma'adinai sun zo aiki a wannan rana.

 Yunkurin yajin aiki na 2012 
A ranar 10 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 2012, dubban mambobin NUM sun fara jerin yajin aiki a ma'adinan Lonmin na Marikana da ke da alaƙa da buƙatun kara albashi. Kashegari, shugabannin NUM sun yi zargin sun bude wuta a kan mambobin NUM da ke tafiya zuwa ofisoshin su don neman tallafi daga ƙungiyarsu - abin da ya faru yanzu ya zama abin tashin hankali na farko a lokacin yajin aikin. An ce a cikin kafofin watsa labarai cewa kisan ma'aikatan hakar ma'adinai biyu ya kasance babban dalilin rushewar amincewa a cikin ƙungiyar tsakanin ma'aikata. A cikin gabatarwar ga Hukumar Farlam, NUM ta ce an tabbatar da cewa an yi amfani da karfi mai kisa a wannan rana.

An kiyasta cewa tsakanin 12 da 14 ga watan Agusta kimanin mutane tara (akalla ma'aikata hudu, jami'an 'yan sanda biyu da masu tsaro biyu) an kashe su a yankin da ke kusa da Marikana - kodayake akwai rahotanni masu rikitarwa game da wanda ya kashe a lokacin waɗannan kwanakin.

A ranar 16 ga watan Agusta, 'yan sanda sun bude wuta a kan wani rukuni na masu hakar ma'adinai da suka taru a kan tudu kusa da Nkaneng, akalla mutane 34 ne suka mutu a Marikana, 78 sun ji rauni kuma an kama 259. Masu hakar ma'adinai suna ɗauke da machetes kuma sun ki amincewa da bukatar da za a yi wa su kwashe makamai. A cewar Majalisa ta Kungiyar Kwadago ta Afirka ta Kudu, 'yan sanda sun fara amfani da iskar hawaye, bindigogi na ruwa sannan suka yi amfani da "harsashi masu rai". An yi la'akari da kisan kiyashi a ko'ina cikin kafofin watsa labarai tare da 'yan sanda, Lonmin da NUM kanta ana zargin su.

Ru'ya ta Yohanna game da abin da ya faru wanda ya fara da bincike na ilimi sannan ya biyo bayan rahoto na Greg Marinovich ya nuna cewa yawancin kashe-kashen sun faru ne daga kyamara mintuna da yawa bayan an rubuta wasu kashe-kisan a talabijin.

A cewar New York Times, "Frans Baleni, babban sakatare na National Union of Mineworkers, ya kare 'yan sanda a wata hira da Kaya FM, tashar rediyo" yana cewa "' yan sanda sun yi haƙuri, amma waɗannan mutane suna da makamai masu haɗari sosai".Mine Strike Mayhem Stuns South Africa as Police Open Fire, Lydia Polgreen, The New York Times, 16 August 2012

Harbin ya kasance daya daga cikin mafi munin da hukumomin Afirka ta Kudu suka yi tun ƙarshen zamanin wariyar launin fata a Afirka ta Kudu. Baleni da sauran jami'an NUM sun kuma zargi 'dakarun uku' da kasancewa a bayan yajin aikin Marikana.Marikana prequel: NUM and the murders that started it all, Jared Sacks, Daily Maverick, 12 October 2012Activists decry talk of third force at Marikana, Mail & Guardian, 24 August 2012

 Rashin goyon baya 
An yi jayayya cewa an yi fice daga NUM.Ramaphosa can't stop exodus from the NUM, Jan de Lange, Mining MX, 6 May 2013, A cewar Mai Shari'a Malala, a rubuce a cikin The Guardian, "NUM ta rasa duk abin da za a iya gaskatawa kuma tana zubar da jini. Sakataren da aka riga aka biya shi, Baleni, an ba shi karin albashi sama da 40% a shekarar da ta gabata kuma jimlar albashi ya fi R105 000 a wata. Shugabannin NUM sun ki fita daga motocin 'yan sanda don yin magana da ma'aikata.The Marikana action is a strike by the poor against the state and the haves, Justice Malala, The Guardian, 17 August 2012 Wasu kuma sun yi jayayya cewa lambobin membobin NUM sun karu kuma, yanzu, sakamakon yajin aiki a Arewa maso Yamma, membobinta na iya tsayawa a kusa da 150,000.A NUM sized headache and no one else to blame, Mandy de Waal, The Daily Maverick, 24 October 2012

Wasu sun yaba da kungiyar. Wani edita a cikin Kasuwancin Kasuwanci ya ce "NUM shine mai tunani, wanda ake la'akari da zuciyar ƙungiyar a nan... Yana godiya da kuma darajar masu zaman kansu da kamfanoni masu karfi. "A failure of our society on many levels , Editorial, Business Day, 17 August 2012

Kungiyar masu adawa da kungiyar ma'aikata da gine-gine (AMCU) ta karu da mambobi tun bayan harbe-harbe na Marikana kuma yanzu tana wakiltar sama da 40% na ma'aikata a Amplats da 70% a Lonmin.

 Jagoranci 

 Sakatare Janar 

 1982: Cyril Ramaphosa
 1991: Kgalema Motlanthe
 1998: Gwede Mantashe
 2006: Frans Baleni
 2015: David Sipunzi
 2022: William Mabapa

 Shugabannin 

 1982: James Motlatsi
 2000: Senzeni Zokwana
 2014: Piet Matosa
 2018: Joseph Montisetse
 2022: Daniel Balepile

 Ƙarin karantawa 



 Bayanan da aka yi amfani da su 

 Haɗin waje 

 Shafin yanar gizon NUM.
Category:Afrika
Category:Ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci a Afrika
Category:Ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci
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