Jerin tsoffin biranen da ake ci gaba da zama acikisu

Wannan jerin birane ne na yau tare da tsawon lokacin da aka ci gaba da zama acikinsu a matsayin birane. Amma anyi jayayya akan tsawon shekarun da aka lissafo. Bambance-bambancen ra'ayi na iya haifar da ma'anoni daban-daban na " birni " da kuma "mazaunin ci gaba" kuma ana jayayya da shaidar tarihi sau da yawa. Ana kuma tattauna fa'idodi (da maɓuɓɓuka) ga ingancin kowane da'awar a cikin ginshiƙin "Notes".

 Afirka 

 Yankunan Arewa 
Suna Yankin tarihi Wuri na yanzu Ci gaba</br> zama tun Bayanan kula Faiyum (as Shedet ) Tsohon Misira Masar c. 2181 BC Matsuguni da Tsohon Mulkin ya kafa (c. 2686–2181 BC)  Luxor (a matsayin Waset, wanda aka fi sani da sunan Girkanci Thebes ) Tsohon Misira Masar c. 2150 BC Da farko an kafa shi a matsayin babban birnin Upper Masar, daga baya Thebes ya zama babban birnin addini na al'umma har sai da ta ragu a zamanin Romawa. Tangier (kamar Tingi ) Phenicia, Carthage, sai Masarautar Mauretania Maroko c. 800 BC Phoenicians ne suka kafa shi, daga baya babban birni na Masarautar Mauretania Zeila/Avalites Bilad al-Barbar c. 700 BC Manyan biranen kasuwanci a yankin kahon Afirka . Aswan (as Swenett ) Tsohon Misira Masar c. 650 BC Ya sami shahara a ƙarshen zamani (664-332 BC).  Constantine (kamar Cirta ) Numidia Aljeriya c. 600 BC An kafa shi a karni na 6 BC, ta Numidians . :fr:Constantine (Algérie)#P.C3©riode antique  Benghazi (kamar Euesperides ) Cyrenaica Libya c. 525 BC An kafa shi a karni na 5 BC, ta Girkawa .  Mendefera D`mt Eritrea c. 500 BC Tsohon babban birnin kasuwanci na masarautar D`mt da masarautar Axumite. Dr. Federica, Crivellellero. " Archeologists in Eritrea target unfunded ' rescue excavations, Sudan Tribun Dec 5, 2004 Aksum Masarautar Axum Habasha c. 100 BC Tsohon babban birnin Masarautar Axum.  Alexandria Tsohon Misira Masar 332 BC Alexander the Great ne ya kafa shi akan garin Rhacotis, wanda ya samo asali ne tun a Tsohuwar Mulki  Jean-Daniel Stanley et al., "Alexandria, Egypt, before Alexander the Great: A multidisciplinary approach yields rich discoveries"; GSA Today 17 (8), August 2007; doi:10.1130/GSAT01708A.1. Mogadishu Bilad al-Barbar Somaliya c. 200 BC Magajin tsohon ikon ciniki na Sarapion . Tsohon Alkahira Masar Masar c. 100 AD Garin Babila ya koma matsayin da yake a yanzu a zamanin Sarkin sarakuna Trajan, wanda ya zama ainihin tsohuwar ko 'yan Koftik Alkahira.  ]  Kismayo Bilad al-Barbar, bayan karni na 13 na daular Ajuran Somaliya c. 300 AD Yankin kismau asalin wani karamin wurin kamun kifi ne kuma ya fadada zuwa babban birnin kasuwanci a gabar tekun Somaliya. Lee V. Cassanelli, The shaping of Somali society: reconstructing the history of a pastoral people, 1600–1900, (University of Pennsylvania Press: 1982), p. 75.

 Kudu-Sahara 
NameHistorical regionPresent locationContinuouslyinhabited sinceNotesZanzibarSwahili Coast1st–3rd centuries AD A Greco-Roman text between the 1st and 3rd centuries AD, the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, mentioned the island of Menuthias (Ancient Greek: Μενουθιάς), which is probably Unguja, the island on which the city is located.Benin CityKingdom of Beninc. 1000 ADCity of Benin, the oldest city in Nigeria.IfeOsun Statec. 1000 ADSofalaSwahili Coastc. 700 ADOne of the oldest harbours documented in Southern Africa.PateSwahili Coast8th century ADAccording to the Pate Chronicle, the town of Pate was founded by refugees from Oman in the 8th century.MombasaSwahili Coastc. 900 ADThe strategic location of this historical Swahili trading centre has seen it fall under the control of many countries.MoroniSwahili Coast10th century ADFounded, possibly during the 10th century, as the capital of a sultanate connected commercially to Zanzibar in Tanzania.AgadezMali Empire, Songhai Empire11th century ADFounded in the 11th century, Agadez was an important stop for caravans crossing the Saharan Desert for centuries. Agadez was held by the Mali empire during part of the 14th century, captured by the Songhai empire in 1515, and controlled by Bornu in the 17th century.KanoKingdom of Kano11th century ADThe foundation for the construction of Kano City Walls was laid by Sakri Gijimasu at some point between 1095 and 1134, and was completed in the middle of the 14th century during the reign of Usman Zamnagawa.TimbuktuMali Empire11th century ADSettled by Tuareg traders as an outpost, its incorporation into the Mali Empire and Mande, Soninke, and Songhai settlement from the 13th century rapidly developed the town.Saad, Elias. "Social history of Timbuktu: 1400–1900. The role of Muslim scholars and notables. (Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press, 1980)MalindiSwahili Coast13th–14th centuries ADOnce rivaled only by Mombasa for dominance in this part of East Africa, it was first referenced in writing by Abu al-Fida (1273–1331), a Kurdish geographer and historian.M'banza-KongoKongo Empirec. 1390 ADCapital of the Kongo Empire, already organized as a city before the arrival of the Portuguese.QuelimaneSwahili Coast1400 ADOne of the oldest towns in the region, one tradition says that Vasco da Gama, in 1498, enquired about the name of the place from workers in the fields outside the settlement.Cidade Velha (as Ribeira Grande)Santiago Island1462 ADThe first European settlement in Sub Saharian Africa.LagosKingdom of Benin16th century ADInitially established as a war camp for soldiers from the Kingdom of Benin.OuidahKingdom of Whydah16th century ADThe primary port of the Kingdom of Whydah, originally called Glehue by the Fon inhabitants. The town was conquered by the Kingdom of Dahomey in the 18th century and eventually exported more than 1 million slaves.Anderson, David and Rathbone, Richard. "Africa's Urban Past." Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000) pp. 85–87AntananarivoMerina Kingdom1610 AD or 1625 ADRoman Adrian Cybriwsky, Capital Cities around the World: An Encyclopedia of Geography, History, and Culture, ABC-CLIO, USA, 2013, p. 15Founded by the Merina King Andrianjaka, it is the oldest city in Madagascar.Cape TownDutch East India Company1652 ADFounded by Dutch settlers from Dutch East India Company and is the oldest city in South Africa.KumasiAshanti Empirec. 1680 ADFounded as Akan village and capital of the Kumaseman State, later becoming capital of Ashanti Empire.

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