Musulunci a Afrika

Musulunci a Kasan Afirka Shi ne na biyu a nahiyar da aka fi sanin addinin Kirista bayan Kiristanci. Afirka ita ce nahiya ta farko da Musulunci ya bazu daga kudu maso yammacin Asiya, a farkon karni na 7 AD. Kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na al'ummar musulmin duniya suna zaune a Afirka.  Robinson, David (2004). Muslim Societies in African History. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-53366-9. Archived from the original on 2017-02-25. Retrieved 2021-02-26.  Musulmai sun tsallaka Djibouti da Somalia na yanzu don neman mafaka a Eritriya da Habasha a yau a lokacin Hijira (Larabci: هِـجْـرَة, 'Hijira') zuwa daular Kirista ta Aksum.[1] Kamar mafi rinjaye (90%) na musulmi a duniya, mafi yawan musulmi a Afirka suma musulmin sunni ne;   "Chapter 1: Religious Affiliation". The World’s Muslims: Unity and Diversity. Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project. August 9, 2012. Archived from the original on 21 May 2020. Retrieved 4 September 2013.rikitaccen addinin musulunci a Afirka ya bayyana a mazhabobi daban-daban na tunani da hadisai da muryoyi a kasashen Afirka da dama. Yawancin kabilun Afirka, galibi a Arewa, Yamma da Gabashin Afirka suna ɗaukar Musulunci addininsu na gargajiya. Al'adar Musulunci a nahiyar ba ta tsaya tsayin daka ba, kuma a kullum ana yin ta ne ta hanyar yanayin zamantakewa, tattalin arziki da siyasa. Gabaɗaya Musulunci a Afirka yakan saba da yanayin al'adun Afirka da tsarin imani wanda ke kafa ka'idodin Afirka.

Tarihin Musulunci a Afrika
Ana iya samun kasancewar Musulunci a Afirka a ƙarni na 7 AD, lokacin a Rajab 8 BH, ko kuma Mayu 614 CE, Annabi Muhammadu (S.A.W) ya shawarci almajiransa na farko da suka fuskanci tsanantawa daga mushrikai mazauna Makka, su nemi mafaka. ƙetare Bahar Maliya a Axum. A al’adar musulmi, ana kiran wannan taron da hijra ta farko, ko hijira. Musulmi 23 ne suka yi hijira zuwa Abyssinia inda sarkinta Armah An-Najāshī (Larabci: الـنَّـجَـاشِي) ya ba su kariya, wanda daga baya ya musulunta. Daga baya a wannan shekarar ne musulmi 101 suka biyo su. Yawancin waɗancan Musulmai sun koma Madina a shekara ta 7 Hijira/628 amma wasu sun zauna a makwabciyarta Zeila (a yau Somalia) wadda a lokacin take cikin Bilād al-Barbar (Larabci: بِـلَاد الْـبَـرْبَـر, "Ƙasar Berber(s)" "). A garin Zaila, sun gina masallacin al-qiblaṫayn (Larabci: مَـسْـجـد الْـقِـبْـلَـتَـيْـن, "Masallacin Alqiblah biyu") a shekara ta 627 miladiyya. Wannan masallaci yana da alqibla biyu domin a gina shi ne kafin Annabi ya sauya alkibla daga Kudus zuwa Makka. Haka kuma an ruwaito cewa sun gina masallaci mafi tsufa a Afirka, wato masallacin Sahabbai a birnin Massawa na kasar Eritrea.[5] Wannan alqiblar wannan masallacin da ke Massawa ta nufi birnin Kudus ma, duk da cewa a yanzu ba a gama ba, har yanzu ana gudanar da salloli na lokaci-lokaci a wannan masallacin tare da gyara alqiblar zuwa Makka.
  Encyclopædia Britannica. Britannica Book of the Year 2003. Encyclopædia Britannica, (2003) 

Manazarta