Fataucin Ɗan Adam a Nijar

Nijar kasa ce, hanyar wucewa da kuma zuwa ga yara da mata da ake fataucin mutane, musamman aikin tilastawa da karuwanci . Ayyukan bautar ƙabila, waɗanda suka samo asali daga dangantakar ubangida da bawa, suna ci gaba ne da farko a yankin arewacin ƙasar. Ana fataucin yara a Nijar saboda barace-barace da malaman addini da aka fi sani da marabout ; aikin tilastawa a ma'adinan zinari, noma, da ma'adanin duwatsu; haka kuma ga bautar gida ba tare da son rai ba da karuwanci . Hukumar ta ILO ta yi kiyasin aƙalla yara guda 10,000 ne ke aikin hakar zinare a Nijar, wadanda yawancinsu ana iya tilasta musu yin aiki. Haka kuma ana lalata da yaran Nijar musamman mata a kan iyakokin Najeriya musamman a garuruwan Birni N'Konni da Zinder da ke kan babbar hanyar, sannan ana safarar yara maza zuwa Najeriya da Mali domin yin barace- barace da aikin hannu . Akwai rahotanni cewa 'yan matan Nijar sun shiga " auren karya " da 'yan Najeriya, Saudiyya, da Haɗaɗɗiyar Daular Larabawa: idan suka isa waɗannan ƙasashen, ana tilasta wa 'yan matan yin aikin gida ba tare da son rai ba. Auren yara ya kasance matsala, musamman a yankunan karkara, kuma yana iya haifar da yanayin fataucin mutane. Nijar ƙasa ce da mata da yara kanana daga Benin, Burkina Faso, Gabon, Ghana, Mali, Najeriya, da Togo ke tafiya zuwa Arewacin Afirka da Yammacin Turai; wasu za a iya yi musu aikin tilas a Nijar a matsayin masu yi wa gida hidima, masu aikin tilas a ma’adinai da gonaki, da kanikanci da walda. A takaice dai, a wasu lokuta ana safarar mata da yara ‘yan Nijar daga Nijar zuwa Arewacin Afirka (ko da “kalilan ne ke da hannu wajen safarar mutane ta cikin sahara,  ) Gabas ta Tsakiya, da Turai don bautar cikin gida ba tare da son rai ba da kasuwanci na tilastawa. cin zarafin jima'i ." "Niger". Trafficking in Persons Report 2010. U.S. Department of State (June 14, 2010). 

Gwamnatin Nijar ba ta cika cika ƙa'idojin kawar da fataucin mutane ba; duk da haka, tana kokarin yin hakan sosai. Duk da wannan yunƙuri da suka haɗa da hukuncin biyu na laifukan bautar gargajiya, gwamnatin Nijar ta gaza wajen aiwatar da hukunce-hukunce da kuma ba da taimako ga waɗanda aka zalunta, musamman ga waɗanda aka yi wa bautar gargajiya a cikin shekarar da ta gabata.

Ofishin Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka don Sa ido da Yaki da fataucin mutane ya sanya kasar a cikin "Lissafin Kulawa na Tier 2" a cikin shekara ta 2017. 

 Laifi 
Gwamnatin Nijar ta nuna ingantattu amma iyakacin kokarin tabbatar da doka don magance fataucin yara da bautar gargajiya. Nijar ta haramta bauta ta hanyar 2003 da aka yi wa kwaskwarima ga sashi na 270 na kundin hukunta laifukan ta, sannan ta haramta aikin tilastawa da tilastawa ta hanyar sashe na 4 na dokokin aiki. Mataki na ashirin da 292 da na 293 na Penal Code sun haramta siyan yaro don yin karuwanci, sannan Mataki na 181 ya haramta karfafa wa yara bara ko cin riba daga bara. Sai dai Nijar ba ta hana wasu nau'ikan fataucin ba, kamar karuwanci da manya. Hukuncin da aka ƙayyade na zaman gidan yari na shekaru 10 zuwa 30 saboda laifukan bautar ya yi tsauri sosai. Hukuncin da aka tsara na aikin tilastawa, tarar da ke tsakanin $48 zuwa dala 598 da kuma daga kwanaki shida zuwa zaman gidan yari na wata guda, ba haka ba ne. Rashin fayyace dokar hana fataucin mutane ya kawo cikas ga kokarin tabbatar da doka: daftarin dokar da ta haramta fataucin mutane da aka rubuta a shekara ta 2007 ya kasance a jira. "Niger". Trafficking in Persons Report 2010. U.S. Department of State (June 14, 2010). 

A cikin shekarar da ta gabata, hukumomin tsaro sun kama wasu mutane da ake zargi da safarar yara: an saki wasu mutane biyu da ake zargi ba tare da an gurfanar da su a gaban kotu ba, wasu kuma ana tuhumar su da laifin sace ƙananan yara. A wani yanayi, ‘yan sanda da masu gabatar da kara sun ceto yara 78 da aka yi safarar su, amma ba su kama su ba, saboda iyalansu ne suka aike yaran domin neman aiki. An saki Marabout da aka kama da laifin cin zarafin yara don dalilai na tattalin arziki bayan an tsare su kafin a gurfanar da su gaban kotu . An saki wasu mutane biyu da ake zargi da laifin safarar mutane da laifin daukar 'yan mata shida da maza biyu aikin karuwanci a Najeriya bayan shafe watanni biyu a gidan yari; Babu tabbas ko wannan ɗaurin kurkuku ne bayan yanke hukunci ko kuma tsare shi ne kafin a yi shari'a. A watan Nuwambar shekara ta 2009, Kotun N'Guigmi ta yanke wa wani mutum hukuncin daurin shekaru biyar a gidan yari ban da tarar $20,000 na diyya ga wanda aka azabtar da kuma $2,000 ga gwamnati da wata kungiya mai zaman kanta mai yaki da bauta. An samu wanda ake tuhuma da laifin rike wanda aka azabtar a matsayin bawa a kauyensu: a ƙarshen shekarar, wanda ake kara bai daukaka ƙara a kan hukuncin ba kuma bai biya adadin da kotu ta bayar ba. "Niger". Trafficking in Persons Report 2010. U.S. Department of State (June 14, 2010). 

An sami ƙarin ci gaba a shari'ar bautar Hadidjtou Mani Koraou vs. Souleymane Naroua. A watan Oktoban shekara ta 2008, Kotun ECOWAS ta yanke hukuncin cewa gwamnatin Nijar ta gaza kare wanda aka azabtar, wanda tsohon bawa ne, tare da ba da umarnin biyan diyyar dala 20,000. A watan Yulin shekara ta 2009, wata kotu a Nijar ta yanke wa wanda ake tuhuma hukuncin ɗaurin shekaru biyu a gidan yari, kuma ta umarce shi da ya biya diyyar dala 2,000 ga matar da ya bautar da kuma $1,000 ga gwamnatin Nijar. Wanda ake tuhumar ya yi korafin cewa hukuncin ya wuce kima, ya kuma shigar da kara a gaban kotun ɗaukaka kara ta Yamai: a wannan rana, wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta ta kare hakkin bil’adama ta ɗaukaka ƙara a gaban kotun guda, tana mai da’awar hukuncin da aka yanke wa wanda ya aikata laifin fataucin bai yi tsauri ba. Ba a sanya ranar da za a sauraren karar ba, kuma ba a san matsayin wasu mata bakwai ba - wadanda aka ce sun kasance bayi a hannun wanda ya aikata laifin safarar bayan wanda aka yi zargin ya tsere. Har ila yau, ba a san inda ’ya’yan mamacin biyu suke ba, wadanda su ma wadanda suka aikata laifin fataucin bayi ne. Ba a sami rahoton ci gaba ba a cikin shari'ar bautar shekara ta 2006 Midi Ajinalher vs. Hamad Alamin. "Niger". Trafficking in Persons Report 2010. U.S. Department of State (June 14, 2010). 
Hukumomin Nijar sun haɗa kai da jami'an Mali, Togo, da Najeriya wajen gudanar da bincike kan safarar mutane, tare da miƙa wani da ake zargi da safarar mutane zuwa hannun Interpol . Wata kungiya mai zaman kanta ta horar da jami’an tsaro 30 wajen ganowa da kuma taimaka wa wadanda abin ya shafa. Babu wata shaida da jami'an Nijar ke da hannu wajen aikata laifukan safarar mutane. "Niger". Trafficking in Persons Report 2010. U.S. Department of State (June 14, 2010). 

 Kariya 
Gwamnatin Nijar ta nuna iyakacin ƙoƙarinta na ba da kulawa ga waɗanda ake fataucin yara da wadanda ayyukan bautar da aka saba yi. Hukumomin ƙasar sun gano waɗanda ake fataucin yara tare da hadin gwiwa da ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da ƙungiyoyin kasa da ƙasa, amma ba su bayar da rahoton ƙoƙarin gano waɗanda bala'in bautar da aka saba yi ba. Ma'aikatar harkokin cikin gida ta ci gaba da gudanar da wani shiri na maraba da samar da matsuguni na wucin gadi - na kusan mako guda - ga 'yan Nijar da aka dawo da su gida, waɗanda wasu daga cikinsu na iya yin safarar waɗanda abin ya shafa. A yayin da jami’an ma’aikatar suka yi hira da waɗannan ‘yan ƙasar don taimaka musu wajen dawo da su, ba su yi ƙoƙarin gano waɗanda aka yi fataucin ba a cikinsu. Saboda karancin kayan aiki gwamnati ba ta gudanar da nata matsugunin waɗanda aka kashe ba, sai dai ta mika wa kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu taimako. Yayin da gwamnati ba ta da wani tsari na tantancewa da kuma mika mutanen da aka yi fataucin, hukumomi sun mika wadanda abin ya shafa fataucin ga ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu don kulawa ba tare da izini ba. A Agadez, hukumomin yankin sun hada gwiwa da UNICEF da wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta don ceto da kuma taimakawa yara 78 da aka yi amfani da su. Tare da haɗin gwiwar wata kungiya mai zaman kanta da ke aiki a Makalondi da Yamai da kuma ƙungiyoyin kasa da kasa, hukumomi sun ceto, sun gyara, tare da mayar wa iyalansu ƙananan yara 141 da aka yi amfani da su. A cikin wadannan yara 219 da wadannan kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu biyu suka taimaka a shekara ta 2009, 138 ‘yan Nijar ne, sauran yaran 77 kuma sun fito ne daga kasashe makwabta. A cikin shekarar da ta gabata, hukumomi da ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu sun bayar da rahoton taimakawa yara 81 da aka yi safarar su. "Niger". Trafficking in Persons Report 2010. U.S. Department of State (June 14, 2010). 

A cikin wannan shekarar, jami'an gwamnati sun ba da rahoton cewa, ba a yi wani kokari na taimakawa mutanen da aka yi wa bautar gargajiya ba, idan aka kwatanta da bayar da taimako ga irin wadannan mutane guda 40 da aka kashe a lokacin rahoton baya. Gwamnati ta samar da wasu kayan kiwon lafiya ga wadanda aka yi safarar yara tare da taimaka musu wajen mayar da su garuruwansu. Hukumomi sun ƙarfafa waɗanda abin ya shafa da fataucin su shiga bincike da gabatar da kara, kuma kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu sun taimaka wa waɗanda abin ya shafa wajen shigar da ƙara da neman matakin shari'a . Gwamnati dai ba ta samar da wasu hanyoyin da doka za ta bi wajen fitar da ‘yan ƙasashen waje wadanda aka kashe zuwa ƙasashen da suke fuskantar kunci ko ladabtarwa ba . Ba a tsare mutanen da aka gano ba ta hanyar da ta dace ba ko kuma tarar da aka yi musu ba bisa ƙa'ida ba sakamakon fataucinsu kai tsaye. "Niger". Trafficking in Persons Report 2010. U.S. Department of State (June 14, 2010). 

 Rigakafi 
Gwamnatin Nijar ta yi iyakacin kokarinta na hana fataucin mutane ta hanyar yakin neman wayar da kan jama'a game da fataucin kananan yara a lokacin rahoton. Gwamnati ta kulla kawance da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da kungiyoyin kasa da kasa, kuma jami'ai sun halarci taron karawa juna sani da horo da wadannan ƙungiyoyi suka shirya. A lokacin rahoton, hukumomi sun tallafa wa gungun ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da ƙungiyoyi wajen shirya taro kan fataucin mutane da cin zarafi. Hukumar yaki da fataucin mutane da dama da hukumar yaki da ayyukan tilastawa da wariya sun kasance a kan takarda, amma ba su yi cikakken aiki ba. A cikin shekara ta 2008, gwamnati ta yi haɗin gwiwa da UNICEF don kafa kwamitocin yanki don hana fataucin yara, koda yake ba a fayyace sakamakon da ayyukan waɗannan kwamitocin ba. Wani daftarin yarjejeniyar yaki da fataucin mutane a shekara ta 2006 tsakanin Nijar da Najeriya ya kasance ba a sanya hannu ba. Gwamnatin Nijar ba ta ɗauki matakan rage buƙatar yin lalata da kasuwanci a cikin wannan shekarar ba. Hukumomin ƙasar ba su bayar da rahoton baiwa sojojin Nijar din da aka tura kasashen waje a matsayin wani bangare na ayyukan wanzar da zaman lafiya na ƙasa da ƙasa horon wayar da kan jama'a kan safarar mutane ba kafin a tura su. "Niger". Trafficking in Persons Report 2010. U.S. Department of State (June 14, 2010). 

 Duba kuma 

 Hakkin dan Adam a Nijar

 Manazarta 

Category:Fataucin Mutane
Category:Fataucin Yara
Category:Fataucin Mata
Category:Haƙƙin Ɗan Adam
Category:Haƙƙoƙi
Category:Haƙƙoƙin Mata
Rukuni:Fataucin Mutane a Afirka