Makirifo

Makirifo, wanda ake kira da mic ko mike (maɪk/),  mai fassara ne wanda ke canza sauti zuwa siginar lantarki.Zimmer, Ben (29 July 2010). "How Should 'Microphone' be Abbreviated?". The New York Times. Retrieved 10 September 2010. Ana amfani da makirufo a cikin aikace-aikace da yawa kamar wayar tarho, na'urorin ji, tsarin adireshi na jama'a da ɗakunan kide-kide da abubuwan da suka faru na jama'a, samar da hoton motsi, aikin injiniya mai  rikodin kai tsaye, rikodin na sauti, two-way radio, megaphones, da watsa shirye-shiryen rediyo da talabijin. Ana kuma amfani da su a cikin kwamfutoci don yin rikodin na murya, fahimtar magana, VoIP, da sauran dalilai kamar na'urori masu auna firikwensin ultrasonic ko na'urori masu ƙwanƙwasa.
Ana amfani da nau'ikan makirufo da yawa a yau, waɗanda ke amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban don musanya bambance-bambancen matsa lamba na iska zuwa siginar lantarki. Mafi na kowa shi ne makirufo mai ƙarfi, wanda ke amfani da igiyar waya da aka dakatar a cikin filin maganadisu; makirufo mai ɗaukar hoto, wanda kuma ke amfani da diaphragm mai girgiza a matsayin farantin capacitor; da makirufo mai lamba, wanda ke amfani da crystal na kayan piezoelectric. Marufofi yawanci suna buƙatar haɗawa da na'urar tantancewa kafin a iya yin rikodin ko sake buga siginar.

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