Humanism

Humanism matsayi ne na falsafar da ke jaddada damar mutum da zamantakewa, da kuma hukumar 'yan adam, wanda yake la'akari da mafarin bincike mai tsanani na ɗabi'a da falsafa.Kristeller 1978, p. 3.
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Ma'anar kalmar "'Humanism" ta canza bisa ga ƙungiyoyin hankali masu motsie da suka gano tare da shi. A lokacin Renaissance na Italiya, tsoffin ayyuka sun ƙarfafa malaman Italiyanci, suna haifar da motsin ɗan adam na Renaissance. A lokacin Zaman Age of Enlightenment, an sake inganta dabi'un dan Adam ta hanyar ci gaban kimiyya da fasaha, wanda ke ba da kwarin gwiwa ga 'yan adam a bincikensu na duniya. A farkon karni na 20, ƙungiyoyin da suka sadaukar da kansu ga bil'adama sun bunƙasa a Turai da Amurka, kuma tun daga lokacin sun haɓaka a duniya.Mann 1996; Copson 2015, pp. 1–2. A farkon karni na 21st, kalmar gabaɗaya tana nuna mayar da hankali kan jin daɗin ɗan adam da masu fafutukar neman 'yancin ɗan adam, cin gashin kai, da ci gaba. Yana kallon ɗan adam a matsayin alhakin haɓakawa da haɓaka ɗaiɗaikun mutane, yana ɗaukar daidaito da mutunci na kowane ɗan adam, kuma yana jaddada damuwa ga ɗan adam dangane da duniya.Copson 2015, pp. 1–2; Fowler 1999, pp. 18–19.

Tun daga karni na 20, ƙungiyoyin ɗan adam yawanci ba na addini ba ne kuma suna daidaitawa da zaman lafiya. Mafi yawan lokuta, Humanism yana nufin ra'ayi maras tushe wanda ya danganci hukumar ɗan adam, da kuma dogaro ga kimiyya da tunani maimakon wahayi daga tushen allahntaka don fahimtar duniya. Masu fafutukar kare hakkin dan Adam sun saba bayar da shawarar kare hakkin dan Adam, 'yancin fadin albarkacin baki, manufofin ci gaba, da dimokradiyya. Mutanen da ke da ra'ayin ɗan adam sun tabbatar da addini ba ƙa'ida ba ne na ɗabi'a, kuma suna adawa da shiga tsakani na addini da ilimi da ƙasa.
Ƙungiyoyin ɗan adam na zamani suna aiki a ƙarƙashin inuwar Humanists International. Shahararrun ƙungiyoyin ƴan Adam sune Humanists UK da American Humanist Association.

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