Virgil

Publius Vergilius Maro, ( Classical Latin : [ˈpuːbliʊs wɛrˈɡɪliʊs ˈmaroː] ; (kwanakin 15 Oktoba 7021. a gargajiyance Satumba 19 BC),Jones, Peter (2011). Reading Virgil: Aeneid I and II. Cambridge University Press. pp. 1, 4. ISBN 978-0521768665. Retrieved 23 November 2016.  galibi ana kiransu da Virgil ko Vergil ( / ˈvɜːr dʒ ɪl / VUR -jil ) da turanci, ya kasance tsohon mawaƙin Roma ne na zamanin Augustan. Ya tsara wakoki uku daga cikin shahararrun wakoki a cikin adabin Latin : Eclogues (ko Bucolics ), Georgics, da almara Aeneid. Yawancin ƙananan wakoki, waɗanda aka tattara a cikin "Appendix Vergiliana", an danganta su zuwa gare shi a zamanin da, amma malaman zamanin suna ganin mawallafin waɗannan wakoki a matsayin abin shakku.Bunson, Matthew (2014). Encyclopedia of the Roman Empire. Infobase Publishing. p. 28. ISBN 978-1438110271. Retrieved 15 July 2021. 

Ayyukan Virgil yana da tasiri mai zurfi da kuma tasiri akan wallafe-wallafen Turawa, musamman Dante 's Divine Comedy, wanda Virgil ya bayyana a matsayin jagorar marubucin ta wakar "Hell" & Purgatory.Ruud, Jay (2008). Critical Companion to Dante. Infobase Publishing. p. 376. ISBN 978-1438108414. Retrieved 23 November 2016. 

Virgil ya kasance a al'adance a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin manyan mawaƙan ƙasar Roma. Hakanan ana ɗaukarsa Aeneid a matsayin almara na tsohuwar ƙasar Roma, taken da aka gudanar tun lokacin da aka haɗa.

 Rayuwa da aiki 

 Haihuwa da al'adar rayuwa 
Tarihin rayuwar Virgil sun dogara ne akan tarihin da mawaƙin Rumawa Varius wanda ya ɓace. An shigar da wannan tarihin a cikin asusun ta masana tarihi Suetonius, da kuma sharhin Servius da Donatus na baya (manyan masu sharhi guda biyu game da waƙar Virgil). Ko da yake tafsirin sun rubuta bayanai na gaskiya game da Virgil, ana iya nuna wasu daga cikin shaidun su don dogara ga yin la'akari da abubuwan da aka zana daga waƙarsa. Don haka, ana ɗaukar cikakkun bayanai game da tarihin rayuwar Virgil da matsaloli. Fowler, Don. 1996. "Virgil (Publius Vergilius Maro)." In The Oxford Classical Dictionary (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. 

 Aikin Baya 
A cewar masu sharhi, Virgil ya sami iliminsa na farko tun yana ɗan shekara biyar, daga baya kuma ya tafi Cremona, Milan, daga ƙarshe kuma ya tafi Roma don nazarin lafazin lafazin, likitanci, da ilimin taurari, wanda zai yi watsi da su don falsafa. Daga nassoshi masu ban sha'awa na Virgil ga marubutan neoteric Pollio da Cinna, an yi la'akari da cewa ya kasance, na ɗan lokaci, yana da alaƙa da da'irar neoteric na Catullus. A cewar Servius, abokan makaranta sun ɗauki Virgil a matsayin mai kunya sosai kuma yana jin kunya, kuma ana yi masa lakabi da "Parthenias" ("budurwa") saboda rashin jin daɗinsa na zamantakewa. Virgil kuma da alama ya sha fama da rashin lafiya a tsawon rayuwarsa kuma a wasu hanyoyi ya yi rayuwar marar inganci. A cewar Catalepton, ya fara rubuta waƙa yayin da yake makarantar Epicurean na Siro a Naples. Rukunin ƙananan ayyuka waɗanda masu sharhi suka danganta ga matashiyar Virgil ta tsira waɗanda aka tattara a ƙarƙashin taken Shafi Vergiliana, amma galibi malamai suna ɗaukar su da ƙima. Ɗayan, Catalepton, ya ƙunshi gajerun waƙa guda goma sha huɗu, Fowler, Don. 1996. "Virgil (Publius Vergilius Maro)." In The Oxford Classical Dictionary (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.:  1602  wasu daga cikinsu na iya zama na Virgil, wani kuma, gajeriyar waƙar ba da labari mai suna Culex ("The Gnat"), an danganta shi da Virgil tun farkon karni na 1st. AD

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