Vilnius

Vilnius babban birni ne kuma mafi girma a yankin Lithuania, yana da yawan jama'a 625,349  (bisa ga rijistar jiha) ko 628,946 Statistics of Vilnius; municipality of Vilnius (  ga gundumar Vilnius)  . Yawan jama'a na yankin aikin birni na Vilnius, wanda ya wuce iyakar birni, an kiyasta a 718,507 (kamar na 2020), yayin da bisa ga asusun inshorar lafiya na yankin Vilnius, akwai mazaunan na dindindin 753,875 kamar na watan  Nuwamba 2022 a cikin birnin Vilnius. da kuma gundumar Vilnius a hade. Vilnius yana a kudu maso gabashin Lithuania, kuma a halin yanzu shine birni mafi girma a cikin jihohin Baltic . har wayau birnin ne wurin zama na gwamnatin ƙasar ta Lithuania da kuma gundumar Vilnius .

An san Vilnius, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, don gine-ginen tsohon garinsa, daya daga cikin tsofaffin garuruwa mafi girma da kuma mafi kyau a Arewacin, Gabas, da Tsakiyar Turai, ya bayyana Cibiyar Tarihin Duniya ta UNESCO a 1994. Tsarin gine-ginen Vilnian Baroque ana kiransa sunan birnin, wanda shine birni mafi girma na Baroque arewacin Alps, kuma mafi nisa zuwa gabas.

An lura da birnin saboda yawan al'adu da yawa a zamanin Yaren mutanen Poland-Lithuania Commonwealth, tare da kafofin zamani waɗanda ke kwatanta shi da Babila . Kafin yakin duniya na biyu da Holocaust, Vilnius yana daya daga cikin muhimman cibiyoyin Yahudawa a nahiyar  Turai. Tasirin Yahudawa ya sa aka yi mata lakabi da "Urushalima ta Lithuania". Napoleon ya kira ta "Urushalima ta Arewa"  yayin da yake wucewa a cikin 1812.

 Etymology da sauran sunaye 
Sunan birnin ya samo asali ne daga kogin Vilnia, daga Lithuania don ripple . Garin kuma yana da haruffan rubutu da yawa a cikin yaruka daban-daban a tsawon tarihinsa: Vilna ta taɓa zama gama gari a cikin harshen Ingilishi. Fitattun sunayen da ba sanannu ba Lithuania ba na birni sun haɗa da Yaren Polish   , Belarusian   ( Vilnia ), German   , Latvian   , Ukrainian   ( Vilno ), Yiddish   ( Vilne ). Sunan Rasha daga lokacin daular Rasha shine Вильна ( Vilna ),   ko da yake Вильнюс ( Vilnyus ) yanzu ana amfani dashi. Sunayen Wilno, Wilna da Vilna kuma an yi amfani da su a cikin tsofaffin littattafan Turanci-, Jamusanci-, Faransanci- da Italiyanci lokacin da birnin ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan biranen Yaren mutanen Poland-Lithuania Commonwealth kuma muhimmin birni a Jamhuriyar Poland ta biyu . Har yanzu ana amfani da sunan Vilna a cikin Finnish, Fotigal, Sifen, da    . Har yanzu ana amfani da Wilna a cikin Jamusanci, tare da Vilnius .

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