Ƴancin yin Aure

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Ƴancin yin aure ƙungiya ce ta ƙasa  da aka sadaukar don cin nasarar aure ga ma'auratan jinsi a Amurka. An kafa 'yancin yin aure a birnin New York a cikin shekarata 2003 ta Evan Wolfson . Wolfson ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban kungiyar ta hanyar nasarar Yunin shekarata 2015 a Kotun Koli, har zuwa lokacin rufe hukuma a cikin Fabrairu shekarar 2016. 

Ƴancin Aure ya kori dabarun kasa - abin da 'Yancin Aure ya kira "Taswirar Nasara" - wanda ya kai ga nasara a fadin kasar. Dabarun da ke da nufin samun nasarar Kotun Koli da ke kawo ƙasar ga ƙuduri na ƙasa, da zarar masu ba da shawara sun yi nasarar samar da yanayi ga kotun ta hanyar yin aiki a kan hanyoyi guda uku: cin nasarar aure a cikin manyan jihohi,  Kuma haɓaka mafi rinjaye na ƙasa don aure, da kuma kawo karshen. nuna banbancin aure da gwamnatin tarayya ke yi.

 Tarihi 
A cikin shekarata 1983, a lokacin da ma'auratan jinsi ɗaya ba su da wata ƙasa- ko matakin jiha a ko'ina cikin duniya, Evan Wolfson ya rubuta littafinsa na Harvard Law School kan 'yancin yin aure ga ma'auratan. Kuma Ya yi imanin cewa ta hanyar da'awar ƙamus na aure, ma'auratan na iya canza fahimtar kasar game da su wanene 'yan luwadi kuma, saboda haka, dalilin da ya sa ketare da wariya ba daidai ba ne. Ƙididdigar ta zayyana hujjojin da a ƙarshe suka zama tattaunawa ta ƙasa da kuma tsarin fadace-fadacen doka da na siyasa wanda ya haifar da sauyi na fahimtar jama'a da nasara a Kotun Koli. 

Wolfson ya ci gaba da yin hidima na cikakken lokaci a matsayin darektan aure na Lambda Legal a cikin shekarata 1990s. Ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara a shari'ar Baehr ta Hawaii, wacce ta ƙaddamar da ci gaba da 'yancin yin aure na duniya.  Shari'ar Hawai ta siffanta yanayin da ke gaba: ci gaban shari'a tare da shan kaye a siyasance, saboda rashin isasshen ci gaba wajen canza zukata da tunani. Lokacin da, a cikin shekarata 2000, shugabannin Asusun Evelyn & Walter Haas Jr. Wolfson suka tuntubi Wolfson, ya yi nasarar ba da shawarar cewa gidauniyar ta ba da gudummawar tallafin dala miliyan 2.5 a cikin shekarata 2001 - sannan kyautar tushe mafi girma a tarihin motsi na LGBT daga wanda ake mutuntawa sosai, tushen tushe ba LGBT ba - don taimakawa Wolfson gina sabon kamfen don cin nasarar aure.  An kaddamar da yakin neman zabe a hukumance a shekara ta 2003, wato haihuwar 'Yancin Aure.

Wolfson ya san daga nazarin tarihin ƙungiyoyin kare hakkin jama'a cewa aure ga ma'aurata guda ɗaya zai zama dokar ƙasa ne kawai lokacin da ɗaya daga cikin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na ƙasa biyu, Congress ko Kotun Koli na Amurka, ya kawo ƙuduri na ƙasa a kan dalilin. Amma yaƙin neman zaɓe mai wayo, dabarun ya kasance mahimmanci don ƙirƙirar yanayin da ya dace don isa ga wannan batu da kuma guje wa ganin an kwace.

Kamar yadda yake a Hawaii (har ma da farkon zagaye na yaƙin aure a cikin shekarar 1970s  ), ƙarar ta kasance tsakiyar - amma bai isa ba. Wolfson ya yi kira ga ƙirƙirar yakin da ke nuna abin da ya kira "4 Multi's": zai zama shekaru da yawa (ba a sa ran samun nasara a cikin dare ba), jihohi da yawa (ba a kallon yadda aka ci nasara daya bayan daya), da yawa. - abokin tarayya (babu wata kungiya da za ta iya yin shi duka), da kuma hanyoyin da yawa (zai hada da shari'a, neman ra'ayi, ilimin jama'a, kungiya, aiki kai tsaye, tara kudade, har ma, ƙarshe, zaɓe). Wolfson ya san cewa masu ba da shawara kan aure ba dole ba ne su ci nasara a kowace jiha, amma dole ne su sami isasshen jihohi - kuma ba kowane Ba'amurke ba ne ya kamata a lallashe su don tallafawa 'yancin yin aure, amma isashen Amurkawa suna buƙatar goyon baya a gaban zaɓaɓɓun jami'ai da alkalai. ciki har da alkalan kotun koli, za su yi abin da ya dace.

Fiye da shekaru ashirin, motsin aure ya gina daga goyon bayan 27% kawai  a tsakanin jama'ar Amurka a 1993 zuwa 63% a shekarata 2015;  kuma daga jihohin 0 da ke ba da lasisin aure a cikin shekarata 2002 zuwa jihohin 37 da gundumar Columbia  a cikin shekarata 2015, lokacin da nasarorin suka haifar da ƙarfi da kuzari wanda ya baiwa Alƙalan Kotun Koli damar gama aikin kuma su hana nuna bambancin aure. sau ɗaya kuma gaba ɗaya.

 Wuraren aiki 

 Saƙo 
Tun daga shekara ta 2010, 'Yancin Yin Aure ya ƙirƙira tare da daidaita haɗin gwiwar bincike, wanda aka yiwa lakabi da Ƙungiyar Binciken Aure, tare da haɗin gwiwa na jihohi da na ƙasa kamar Shirin Ci gaban Motsi, Basic Rights Oregon, da Hanya na Uku don "fasa lambar" kan yadda za a isa. sashe na gaba na jama'ar Amurka waɗanda har yanzu ba su kasance cikin mafi yawan kamfen ɗin ya cimma ba. Ta hanyar bincike mai zurfi, ƙungiyoyin mayar da hankali, haɗin gwiwa tare da abokan tarayya, da kuma tattara abubuwan da aka samu a cikin yakin neman zabe da yawa (da asara), 'Yanci don Aure ya fara sabon littafin wasan kwaikwayo na sakon aure mai suna "Me ya sa Aure Mahimmanci".  Littafin wasan kwaikwayon ya sauya daga mayar da hankali kan haƙƙoƙi da fa'idojin da ke tattare da aure zuwa tushen ƙa'idodi na ƙauna, sadaukarwa, 'yanci, dangi, da Doka ta Zinariya. Waɗannan su ne saƙonnin da suka haifar da masu jefa ƙuri'a na "tsakiyar" - waɗanda Wolfson ya kira "mai yiwuwa amma ba a kai ba tukuna" - don matsawa zuwa goyon baya, kuma sun taimaka wajen ba da gudummawa ga nasarar farko na tarihi na aure a kuri'a a 2012, don lashe yawancin Amurkawa na goyon bayan aure, da kuma nasarar da ƙungiyar ta samu a shekarata 2015.

 Talla da kafofin watsa labarai 
Ta hanyar dabarun watsa labarai masu tsauri da nagartaccen tsari, 'Yancin Aure "Dakin Latsawa"  ya kori labarin kasa game da aure da kuma yaki da saƙon tushen tsoro na abokan adawar aure. 'Yancin Aure ya ba da kuɗi, ba da umarni, da ƙirƙira tallace-tallacen da ke nuna masu maye gurbin da ba zato ba tsammani da labaran balaguron balaguron Amurkawa don tallafawa aure. Manyan manzanni sun hada da tsofaffi, ‘yan Republican, da ‘yan uwa na ma’auratan jinsi daya, kuma sun taimaka wajen gabatar da shari’ar a kotun sauraron ra’ayin jama’a cewa duk Amurka a shirye take don samun ‘yancin yin aure.

 Cibiyar Ayyukan Dijital 
'Yanci don Aure ta ƙaddamar da Cibiyar Ayyukan Dijital  don yin amfani da nasarar aikin ƙungiyar ta ƙasa da kuma amfani da shi a cikin fiye da dozin biyu kamfen na dijital na jihohi. ’Yancin da ya lashe lambar yabo ta dijital ta ƙwararrun kayan aikin kan layi  da sabbin dabarun abun ciki don jawo masu goyon bayan aure cikin ingantaccen aiki, ciyar da saƙon ƙungiyar ta kan layi, tara kuɗi, da ba da labarun mutanen da wariyar aure ta shafa kai tsaye. Kuma A taƙaice, 'Yancin Yin Aure shine dijital "ƙarshen baya" na kusan dukkanin mahimman kamfen na jihohi a cikin shekaru da yawa na turawa. 'Yanci don Aure ya sami karramawa da yawa don yin amfani da majagaba na bidiyo da aikin zamantakewa don bayar da shawarwari kamar Kyautar Pollie shekarata 2015 Silver. 

 Yakin jiha 
’Yancin yin aure a cikin jihohi  kusan koyaushe ya ƙunshi kafa ƙungiyoyin yaƙin neman zaɓe na jiha cikin sauri da inganci, haɓaka aikin haɗin gwiwa, samarwa da haɓaka ƙwarewa da littafin wasan kwaikwayo na dabaru masu inganci, da samar da kuɗin da ake buƙata. 'Yanci don Aure ya taka rawa a kusan kowane cin nasara na majalisa da kuri'a, kuma ya yi aiki kafada da kafada da abokansa don samar da yanayin nasara a jihohi tare da karar da ake jira, neman kwarewa, albarkatun, da kayayyakin more rayuwa don tallafawa masu ba da shawara na gida.

"Me ya sa Aure ke da matsala" shine yakin neman ilimin jama'a na kasa don 'Yancin Aure.  An ƙaddamar da yaƙin neman zaɓe a ranar 14 ga Fabrairu, shekarata 2011  Shirin Dalilin Aure ya haɗa da bidiyo da labarai daga ainihin mutane da ainihin gaskiyar abin da ya sa aure ya shafi,  kuma ya kasance wani muhimmin ɓangare na ƙoƙari na dogon lokaci a cikin jihohi.

 Shugaba Obama da 'yan Democrat "Kace, 'Na Yi ' 
A cikin Maris shekarata 2011, Freedom to Marry ta kaddamar da budaddiyar wasika tana kira ga Barack Obama da ya tallafa wa auren jinsi.  Sama da mutane 122,000 ne suka sanya hannu kan sunayensu ga wasiƙar,  gami da mashahurai da dama, shugabannin jama'a, da ƴan kasuwa.   An kawo karshen yakin neman zaben ne a ranar 9 ga watan Mayun shekarata 2012, lokacin da shugaba Obama ya zama shugaban kasar Amurka na farko da ya ce yana goyon bayan auren jinsi guda.  

A cikin Fabrairu 2012, Freedom to Marry kuma ya kaddamar da yakin neman shawo kan Jam'iyyar Democrat don hada aure ga ma'auratan jima'i a matsayin plank a cikin dandalin jam'iyyar a 2012 Democratic National Convention . Yaƙin neman zaɓe ya ba da gudummawa ga nuna goyon baya daga Sanatocin Demokraɗiyya 22, Shugabar Demokraɗiyya ta Majalisar Nancy Pelosi, Shugabar Babban Babban Taron Dimokuradiyya Rep. Debbie Wasserman-Schultz, Caroline Kennedy da wasu tara masu taimaka wa yakin neman zaben Shugaba Obama, da Amurkawa fiye da 40,000 da suka saka sunayensu a cikin bukatar 'Yanci ga Marry ta yanar gizo.

A ranar 29 ga watan Yuli, kwamitin daftarin tsarin jam'iyyar Democratic Party ya haɗa da 'yancin yin aure plank a cikin daftarin dandalin. An amince da daftarin ne a babban taron jam'iyyar Democrat a watan Satumba, wanda ya sa jam'iyyar Democrat ta zama babbar jam'iyyar siyasa ta Amurka ta farko da ta goyi bayan auren ma'auratan a hukumance a dandalin jam'iyyar na kasa. 

 Masu unguwanni don 'Yancin Aure 
A cikin Janairun shekarata 2012, Freedom to Marry ta kaddamar da yakin neman 'yancin yin aure (wanda kuma aka sani da Mayors for Marriage), yana ƙarfafa masu unguwanni a duk faɗin Amurka don amincewa da daidaiton aure ga yankunansu.  Sama da hakimai 500 daga kusan dukkan jihohi 50 ne suka shiga yakin a lokacin da aka yi aure a shekarar 2015.  A ranar 13 ga Janairu, 2012, magajin garin San Antonio Julián Castro, Magajin Garin Baltimore Stephanie Rawlings-Blake, da Magajin Garin Yammacin Sacramento Christopher Cabaldon sun buga wani shafi, "Aure gay tambaya na adalci", a Amurka A yau .

 tara kudade 
A matsayinsa na mai ba da kuɗi mafi girma na motsin aure, 'Yancin Aure ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen jawo babban tushe da masu ba da gudummawa. Masu ba da gudummawa sun mamaye bakan siyasa, daga giant asusu Paul Singer, wanda ya kafa kuma Shugaba na Elliott Management kuma babban dan jam'iyyar Republican, zuwa ga fitattun masu ba da agaji Jon Stryker da Tim Gill, manyan magoya bayan 'yan takarar Democrat.

Misali, a cikin Maris shekarata 2012, Freedom to Marry ta ƙaddamar da Asusun Win More Jihohi, wanda ya gano jihohin da ake fama da yaƙi inda aka fi buƙatar kuɗi. Jihohin 2012 sun haɗa da New Hampshire, Maine, Washington, Minnesota, New Jersey, da Maryland daga baya.  Manufar ita ce tara aƙalla dala miliyan 3 don shiga cikin waɗannan kamfen na jihohi. Kungiyar ta cimma wannan buri na farko a farkon watan Agustan shekarar 2012 kuma ta ci gaba da tara kudade har zuwa karshen wannan shekara, inda ta zama ta fi kowacce kasa kudi daga cikin jihohi a cikin nasarori uku na zaben jihar.  Dukkanin jihohin shida da ke cikin Asusun Win More States sun yi nasara a 2012 - tare da Maine, Maryland, da Washington sun yi aure a karon farko a kuri'a a zaben Nuwamba shekarata 2012. Minnesota ta zama jiha ta farko da ta toshe gyare-gyaren kin aure a wurin kada kuri'a (kuma ta zartar da kudirin aure na gaba a zaman majalisa na gaba). New Hampshire ta yi nasarar toshe wani mataki na soke aure, kuma New Jersey ta yi aure a majalisar dokokin jihar. 

A cikin Fabrairu shekarata 2013, Freedom to Marry ya kaddamar da zagaye na biyu na jihohi don Win More State Fund tare da burin tarawa da zuba jari dala miliyan 2 a cikin yakin neman nasarar aure a Delaware, Hawaii, Illinois, Minnesota, New Jersey da Rhode Island. 

Gabaɗaya, Freedom to Aure ya tara sama da dala miliyan 60 don yin aure a faɗin ƙasar. An saka wannan kuɗin a cikin shirye-shiryen jihohi, na ƙasa, da tarayya, kuma kai tsaye cikin yakin neman zabe a ƙasa.

 Matasa Masu Ra'ayin mazan jiya don 'Yancin Aure 
Matasa masu ra'ayin mazan jiya don 'Yancin Aure wani yaƙin neman zaɓe ne don haskakawa da haɓaka tallafi don 'yancin yin aure tsakanin matasa masu ra'ayin mazan jiya a duk faɗin Amurka. Suna wakiltar matasa masu ra'ayin mazan jiya a duk faɗin ƙasar waɗanda suka yarda duk ƙasar Amurkawa su sami damar shiga cikin 'yancin yin aure.  Fitattun membobin Kwamitin Jagorancin Matasa Conservatives sun haɗa da SE Cupp, Abby Huntsman, da Meghan McCain .  Mai fafutukar ra'ayin mazan jiya Tyler Deaton ne ke gudanar da wannan yunƙuri. 

A ranar 4 ga Yuni, shekarata 2014, yaƙin neman zaɓe ya ƙaddamar da ƙoƙarin ƙasa don "sake fasalin tsarin RNC ". Yaƙin neman zaɓe na "sake fasalin dandamali" da aka ƙaddamar a New Hampshire, wanda ya ƙunshi wani shiri da aka mayar da hankali kan jahohin farko na shugaban ƙasa da kuma "wanda zai jagoranci babban taron jam'iyyar Republican a 2016". 

 Duba wasu abubuwan 

 Hakkokin LGBT a Amurka
 Jerin kungiyoyin kare hakkin LGBT

 Manazarta 

 Ci gaba da karatu 

 Mujallar New York Times, "Evan Wolfson: 'Na Gaskanta Za Mu Yi Nasara'", Yuli 2015
 The Washington Post, "'Yancin yin Aure yana fita daga kasuwanci. Kuma kowa yana farin ciki." , Yuli 2015
 The Atlantic Monthly, "The Marriage Plot: In This Year's Epic Campaign for Gay Daidaita", Disamba 2012
 The New York Times, "Evan Wolfson da Cheng He: alkawura", Oktoba 2011
 The Advocate, "Op-Ed: Ga Evan Wolfson, wani 'Na Yi' Cike Da 'Na Yi ' , Oktoba 2011
 Labaran Amurka &amp; Rahoton Duniya, "Ba tare da Auren Luwaɗi a Ƙasashen Ƙasa ba, Gwamnatin Amurka tana Wariya", Oktoba 2011
 Lokaci, "Bayan New York: Makomar Auren Gay (Kusa)", Yuli 2011
 Huffington Post, "'Yancin yin Aure: Menene Gaba Bayan New York?" , Yuni 2011
 The Advocate, "'Yancin Aure Ya Sanar da Shirye-shiryen Fadadawa", Janairu 2011
 Masanin Tattalin Arziki, "Auren Jima'i: Wannan gidan ya yi imanin cewa auren luwadi ya zama doka", Janairu 2011
 Pacific Daily News, "Lauyan 'Yancin Bil'adama ya inganta auren luwadi" Disamba 2010
 Los Angeles Times, "Ribar ta fi koma baya a shekarar da aka fi sani da 'yancin ɗan luwaɗi", Disamba 2010
 The Sunday Business Post, "A Very Civil Defence", Disamba 2010
 The Advocate, "Saƙon daga Iowa", Nuwamba 2010
 Fox News, "Alƙalai sun yi watsi da muhawara" , Nuwamba 2010
 Rikodin New Jersey, "Kwancewar Lokacin", Oktoba 2010
 Anderson Cooper 360°, "An Rufe Haramcin Auren Jima'i", Agusta 2010
 The New York Times, "Ted Olson ta Kotun Koli Adventure", Agusta 2009

 Hanyoyin haɗi na waje 


 Masu unguwanni Don 'Yancin Aure
 Matasa Masu Ra'ayin mazan jiya don 'Yancin Aure 
Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba