Harshen Ga

GaGãLafazin [ɡã]YankiKudu-maso-gabashin Ghana, a kusa da AccraKabilanciGaMasu magana na asalimiliyan 8.5 (2007)"Ga". www.ethnologue.com. EthnologuePrint. Archived from the original on 29 July 2016. Retrieved 23 June 2016.Ga at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)Iyalin harsheNiger–Congo?

 Atlantic–Congo
 Volta-Congo
 Kwa
 Ga–Dangme
 Ga
Tsarin rubutuLatin (Haruffa na Ga)
Braille na GhanaMatsayin hukumaHarshen hukuma a cikinBabu. Gwamnati ta dauki nauyin harshe.Lambobin harsheISO 639-2gaaISO 639-3gaaGlottologgaaa1244
Ga harshe ne da ake magana da shi a Ghana, a cikin babban birnin Accra da kewaye. Yana da bambancin sauti tsakanin tsayin wasali uku.

 Rabewa 
Ga yaren Kwa ne, wani yanki ne na dangin Nijar-Congo. Yana da alaƙa da Adangme sosai, kuma tare suka kafa reshen Ga–Dangme a cikin Kwa.

Ga shi ne yaren mutanen Ga, ƙabilar Ghana. Kabilanci Ga sunayen dangi {sunayen suna} sun haɗa da Owoo, Lartey, Nortey, Aryee, Poku, Lamptey, Tetteh, Ankrah, Tetteyfio, Laryea, Ayitey, Okine, Bortey, Quarshie, Quaye, Quaynor, Ashong, Kotei, Clottey, Nai, Sowah, Odoi, Maale, Ako, Adjetey, Annang, Addo, Yemoh, Abbey da Adjei.

 Rarraba yanki 
Ana magana da Ga a kudu maso gabashin Ghana, ciki da wajen Accra babban birnin kasar. Yana da ɗan ƙaramin bambancin yare. Ko da yake Ingilishi shine harshen hukuma na Ghana, Ga yana ɗaya daga cikin harsuna 16 da Ofishin Harsunan Ghana ke buga abubuwa da su.

 Fassarar sauti 

 Baƙi 
+Consonant phonemes   Labial Dental Postalveolarda palatal Velar Labial-velar Glottal Plain Labialized Plain Lab.v  Plain Lab. Nasal m n ɲ   ŋ   ŋ͡m   Stop p  b t  d tʃ  dʒ tʃʷ  dʒʷ k  ɡ kʷ  ɡʷ k͡p  ɡ͡b  Fricative f  v s  z ʃ    ʃʷ                   h  hʷ Approximant   l j ɥ     w  

[ŋʷ] allophone ne na /w/ wanda ke faruwa a gaban hanci kuma ana wakilta da nasa digraph a rubuce.
 /l/ ana iya gane shi azaman [r] lokacin tsakanin baƙar fata da wasali
 /j/ yana da allophone [ɲ] kafin wasulan hanci

 Wasula 
Ga yana da wasulan baka bakwai da wasulan hanci biyar. Duk wasulan suna da tsayin wasali daban-daban guda uku: gajere, dogo ko karin tsayi (na karshen yana bayyana ne kawai a nan gaba mai sauki da saukin sifofi mara kyau na baya).
GabaTsakiyaBayana bakahancina bakahancina bakahanciKusaiĩuũKusa-tsakiyareoBude-tsakiyarɛɛ̃ɔɔ̃Budeaã

 Sautuna 
Ga yana da sautuna biyu, babba da ƙasa. Kamar yawancin harsunan Afirka ta Yamma, tana da sautin terracing.

 Wasan kwaikwayo 
Siffar silsilar Ga ita ce (C)(C)V(C), inda sautin waya na biyu na gungu na farko ba zai iya zama /l/ kawai ba kuma na ƙarshe zai iya zama baƙar hanci (gajere ko tsawo) kawai, misali. ekome, "daya", V-CV-CV; kakadaŋŋ, "dogon", CV-CV-CVC; mli, "ciki", CCV. Har ila yau, kalmomin Ga suna iya ƙunshe da syllabic hanci kawai, misali a cikin harafin farko na ŋshɔ, "teku".

 Tsarin rubutu 
An fara rubuta Ga a kusan 1764, ta Christian Jacob Protten (1715-1769), wanda ɗan sojan Danish ne kuma macen Ga. Protten ya kasance mishan mishan na Moravia na Afirka ta Gold Coast kuma malami a karni na sha takwas. A tsakiyar 1800s, ɗan mishan na Jamus, Johannes Zimmermann (1825-1876), wanda masanin tarihin Gold Coast, Carl Christian Reindorf (1834-1917) ya taimaka da wasu, ya yi aiki da yawa akan nahawu na harshe, ya buga ƙamus kuma ya fassara. dukan Littafi Mai Tsarki cikin harshen Ga. An sake sake fasalin rubutun kalmomin sau da yawa tun 1968, tare da sake dubawa na baya-bayan nan a cikin 1990.

Tsarin rubutu tushen haruffan Latin ne kuma yana da haruffa 26. Yana da ƙarin alamun haruffa guda uku waɗanda suka dace da alamun IPA. Hakanan akwai digraphs goma sha ɗaya da trigraphs biyu. Tsawon wasali ana wakilta ta hanyar ninka ko ninka alamar wasali, misali. 'a', 'a' da 'a'. Sautuna ba a wakilta. Nasalisation yana wakilta bayan baƙaƙe na baka inda ya bambanta tsakanin ƙananan nau'i-nau'i.

Harafin Ga shine: Aa, Bb, Dd, Ee, Ɛɛ, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, shuŋ, Oo, Ɔɔ, Pp, Rr, Ss, Tt, Uu, Vv , Ww, Yayi, Zz

Haruffa masu zuwa suna wakiltar sautuna waɗanda basu dace da harafi ɗaya da alamar IPA ba (misali B tana wakiltar /b/):

 J j - /d͡ʒ/
 Y y - /j/

Digraphs da trigraphs:

 Gb gb - 
 Gw gw - 
 Hw hw - 
 Jw jw - 
 Kp kp - 
 Kw kw - 
 Ny ny - 
 Ŋm ŋm - 
 Ŋw ŋw -  (allophone maimakon sautin waya)
 Sh sh - 
 Ts ts - 
 Shw shw - 
 Tsw tsw - 

 Bayanan kafa 

 Manazarta