Tsohon Gari (Prague)

Tsohon Garin Prague (Czech: Staré Město pražské) ƙauyen Prague ne na zamanin da, Jamhuriyar Czech. An raba shi daga waje ta wani yanki mai madauwari da bango, wanda aka haɗa da kogin Vltava a duka iyakarsa. A yanzu tituna sun lulluɓe wannan tulin (daga arewa zuwa kudu maso yamma) Revoluční, Na Příkopě, da Národní—wanda ya kasance iyakar hukuma ta al'ummar cadastral na Old Town. Yanzu yana cikin Prague 1.

Fitattun wurare a cikin Tsohon Garin sun haɗa da Dandalin Tsohon Gari da Astronomical Clock. Tsohon Garin yana kewaye da Sabon Garin Prague. A gefen kogin Vltava da ke da alaƙa da gadar Charles shine ƙaramin Garin Prague (Czech: Malá Strana). Tsohon Garin Yahudawa (Josefov) yana cikin kusurwar arewa maso yamma na Tsohon Gari yana kan hanyar Vltava.

 Tarihi 
link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Franti%C5%A1ek_Xaver_Sandmann_(Franz_Xaver_Sandmann),_Karl%C5%AFv_Most,_pam%C3%A1tn%C3%A1_l%C3%ADpa.jpg|left|thumb|Tsohon Gari tare da Charles Bridge a 1840
link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Charles_Bridge_(Karl%C5%AFv_most),_Vltava_River,_Prague,_2015.jpg|thumb|Charles Bridge yana haɗa Tsohon Gari tare da Ƙananan Gari
Tun daga farkonsa, kusan karni na 9, Staré Město an shimfiɗa shi daga ƙauyuka waɗanda suka bayyana daga babban kasuwa a bankin Vltava. Bayanai tun daga shekara ta 1100 miladiyya sun nuna cewa duk ranar Asabar ana gudanar da kasuwa a kasuwa, kuma a can ma ana gudanar da manyan tarukan sojoji. Godiya ga kasuwanci, 'yan kasuwa na yankin sun zama masu arziki, kuma lokacin da Sarki Wenceslaus na Bohemia ya ba su gata na gari, an kafa Garin Prague (Město pražské). A cewar tarihi na da, birnin yana da kusan kofofi 13, da wani katon tuma, wanda ke ba da kariya mai karfi.

A shekara ta 1338, John na Luxembourg, Sarkin Bohemia, ya ba wa 'yan majalisar Tsohon Gari na Prague izini, su sayi wani katafaren gida na patrician daga dangin Volfin od Kamene (Jamus: Wolfin von Stein) kuma su sake gina shi cikin zauren garinsu. – da har yanzu hall na tsohon Gari. A tsakiyar karni na 14 mahimmancin Tsohon garin Prague ya karu da sauri. Garin ya samu ci gaba sakamakon bunkasuwar kasuwanci da sana'a kuma ya zama daya daga cikin manyan biranen tsakiyar Turai. Haskaka da shahararta har yanzu sun ƙara ƙaruwa lokacin da Sarkin Bohemian Charles na IV ya zama Sarkin Roma a shekara ta 1355. Ba zato ba tsammani hankalin dukan ƙasashen Turai na daɗaɗɗen ya koma Prague, wurin zama na shugaban Daular Roma Mai Tsarki. Babban zauren garin ya kasance da wani katafaren hasumiyar dutse mai murabba'i, alama ce ta iko da girman kai na majalisar garin na farko a Masarautu da Daular. A cikin 1364 lokacin da aka kammala hasumiyar ita ce mafi girma a cikin birni.

Bayan da Charles IV ya faɗaɗa birnin a cikin karni na 14 tare da kafa Sabon Garin Prague, an wargaza tumatur da bango.
link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bartonek_rekruti.jpg|thumb|Kasuwar Gallus (Havelské tržiště)
A cikin 1348, Charles IV ya kafa Jami'ar Prague. Tun daga ƙarshen karni na 14th babban wurin zama yana cikin Carolinum wanda ke cikin Old Town na Prague. A cikin 1357, Charles IV ya fara gina sabuwar gada a kan kogin Vltava mai haɗa Tsohuwar Gari tare da Ƙananan Garin Prague. A cikin 1391, an gina Haikalin Baitalami a cikin Tsohon Gari don wa'azi a Czech. Majami'ar ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin Bohemian Reformation and Hussite motsi. A cikin 1402-1413 mai gyara coci Jan Hus ya yi wa'azi a can.

A shekara ta 1689, wata babbar wuta (wanda ake kira gobarar Faransa) ta lalata wani babban ɓangare na Tsohon Garin, ciki har da Garin Yahudawa. A cikin 1784, an haɗa garuruwa huɗu na Prague zuwa Babban Babban Birnin Prague tare da gudanarwa na gama gari.

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