Hibatullah Akhundzada

Mawlawi Hibatullah AkhundzadaAkhundzada , ( Pashto   ; an haife shi a shekarar alif dubu daya da dari tara da sittin da daya 1961), shi ne shugaban siyasa da addini wanda shi ne Babban Kwamandan Taliban na uku. An ba shi lambar girmamawa ta Emir-al-Mumineen (Amirul Muminin) ta Taliban wanda kuma shi ne taken da magabata biyu suka ɗauka. 

An ruwaito Akhundzada ya bayar da mafi yawan fatawowin Taliban, Deobandi Islam: The Religion of the Taliban. U.S. Navy Chaplain Corps, 15 October 2001 kuma shi ne shugaban kotunan musulunci na Taliban. Ba kamar shugabannin Taliban da yawa ba, Akhundzada an yi imanin ya kasance a cikin ƙasar yayin Yaƙin Afghanistan. Ya zama shugaban ƙungiyar masu fafutuka a watan Mayun shekarar dubu biyu da goma sha’shidda 2016 bayan kashe shugaban da ya gabata, Akhtar Mansour, a wani harin jirgi mara matuƙi.

 Rayuwar farko 
An haifi Akhundzada a shekarar alif dubu daya da dari tara da sittin da 1961 a  dangin Noorzai ko ƙabila.  Sunansa na farko, Hibatullah, na nufin “baiwar Allah ” a harshen Larabci .  Mahaifinsa, Mullah Mohammad Akhund, malamin addini ne kuma limamin masallacin ƙauyensu.  Kasancewa ba su mallaki kowace ƙasa ko gonakin nasu ba, dangin ya dogara da abin da ikilisiya ta biya mahaifinsa da tsabar kuɗi ko kuma wani ɓangare na amfanin gona. Akhundzada ya yi karatu a gaban mahaifinsa. Iyalin sun yi ƙaura zuwa Quetta bayan mamayar Soviet kuma Akhundzada ya ci gaba da karatunsa a ɗayan manyan makarantun da aka kafa a unguwar Sarnan.

 Yin gwagwarmaya da harkar siyasa 

 Farkon aiki 
A cikin shekarar alif dubu daya da dari tara da tamanin 1980, Akhundzada ya kasance cikin gwagwarmaya kan yaƙin Soviet a Afghanistan.  A shekarar 1990, Akhunzada na ɗaya daga cikin membobi na farko da suka shiga Taliban .  Bayan da 'yan Taliban suka ƙwace lardin Farah, aka sanya Akhundzada a matsayin mai kula da yaƙi da miyagun laifuka a yankin.  Lokacin da 'yan Taliban suka kwace babban birnin Kabul a shekarar 1996, an nada Akhundzada a matsayin memba na Sashen Inganci nagarta da Rigakafin Mataimakin .  Daga baya ya koma Kandahar kuma an mai da shi malami a Madrasa, makarantar hauza ta ɗalibai kusan 100,000. 

Bayan ƙawance da Amurka ke jagoranta a shekarar 2001, Akhundzada ya zama shugaban majalisar malaman ƙungiyar.  Daga baya aka naɗa Mawlawi Akhundzada a matsayin Babban Jojin Kotunan Shari'a na Masarautar Musulunci ta Afghanistan .  Maimakon sarkin yaki ko kwamandan soji, yana da suna a matsayin jagoran addini wanda ke da alhakin fitar da mafi yawan fatawowin Taliban da daidaita batutuwan addini tsakanin membobin Taliban.  Dukansu Mullah Omar da Mullah Mansour an san sun tuntubi Akhundzada a kan al'amuran fatwa.  Ba kamar magabatansa da suka yi karatu a Pakistan ba - waɗanda kuma aka yi imanin sun ƙaura zuwa gabas gaba ɗaya bayan Durand Line bayan mamayar Amurka a 2001 da kuma lokacin yaƙin da ya haifar - An yi imanin cewa Akundzada ya rayu a Afghanistan a cikin shekarun 2001-2016 tare da babu rikodin tafiye -tafiye, duk da cewa yana da alaƙa ta kut -da -kut da Shura mai tushen Quetta. 

Bayan ƙarin girma ga mataimakin shugaban kungiyar Taliban a shekarar 2015, Akhundzada ya sanya tsari wanda a karkashinsa za a kafa kwamiti karkashin gwamnan inuwa a kowane lardin da zai iya bincikar kwamandoji ko mayaka masu cin zarafi, a cewar Mullah Abdul Bari, kwamandan Taliban a Helmand .

 Shugaban Taliban 
An naɗa Akhundzada a matsayin babban kwamandan Taliban a ranar 25 ga watan Mayun shekarar 2016 a matsayin wanda zai maye gurbin Mullah Akhtar Mansour. Mansour da ɗan bindiga na biyu sun mutu lokacin da harsasai da aka harbo daga jirgi mara matuki suka afkawa motar da suke ciki. Shugaban Amurka Barack Obama ne ya amince da yajin aikin.   A baya Akhundzada ya kasance mataimakin Mansour. A cewar majiyoyin Taliban, Mansour ya riga ya sanya Akhundzada a matsayin wanda zai gaje shi a cikin wasiyyarsa . 

Mai magana da yawun ƙungiyar ta Taliban ya bayyana cewa an naɗa Sirajuddin Haqqani a matsayin mataimaki na farko sannan kuma an naɗa Mullah Mohammad Yaqoob, ɗan tsohon shugaban Taliban Mullah Omar a matsayin mataimaki na biyu.  Mawlawi Akhundzada kaiwa wani yawan makarantu, ko addini makarantu, a Pakistan 's kudu maso yammacin Baluchistan lardin . 

Masu sharhi na ganin akwai saɓani tsakanin 'yan Taliban kan wanda ya kamata a nada sabon shugaban. Sunayen da aka ba da shawarar sune Mullah Yaqoob da Sirajuddin Haqqani, na ƙarshen shine babban memba da ke da alaƙa da Haqqani Network . Akhundzada, duk da haka, ya ci gaba da kasancewa tsaka tsaki tsakanin manyan 'yan Taliban. Don gujewa rikici yayin zaɓar Akhundzada a matsayin shugaba, Taliban sun yarda cewa Yaqoob da Sirajuddin Haqqani za su yi aiki a matsayin mataimakansa. 

Mullahs Abdul Razaq Akhund da Abdul Sata Akhund sun yi alƙawarin tallafawa Sarkin Akhundzada a watan Disambar 2016. 

Yousef Ahmadi, ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu magana da yawun Taliban, ya bayyana a ranar 20 ga Yuli 2017 cewa an kashe ɗan Akhundzada Abdur Rahman yayin da yake kai harin ƙunar baƙin wake kan sansanin sojojin Afghanistan da ke Gereshk a lardin Helmand . Wani jami'in gwamnatin Afghanistan ya ce suna binciken lamarin amma ba su iya tabbatar da ko an kashe Rahman ba. 

A watan Mayun shekarar 2021, Akhundzada ya gayyaci mutanen Afganistan don ficewar sojojin Amurka da kuma ci gaban daular Musulunci.  A watan Agustan shekarar 2021, sojojin da ke ƙarƙashin umarnin Akhundzada sun fara kai farmaki na neman samun nasara ta ƙarshe a yakin . Bayan Janye Sojojin Amurka, kungiyar Taliban ta sami nasarar iko da Kabul, babban birnin ƙasar.

 Yunkurin kashe shi 

 Yunƙurin kisa na shekarar 2012 
A cewar Mullah Ibrahim, dalibin Akhundzada wanda The New York Times ta yi hira da shi, Akhundzada ya kasance batun yunkurin kisan gilla a Quetta wanda Taliban ta zargi Kwamitin Tsaro na Ƙasa, hukumar leken asirin Afghanistan. "'A lokacin daya gabatar da laccarsa a Quetta wata rana kimanin shekaru huɗu da suka gabata, wani mutum ya tsaya a tsakanin ɗaliban ya nuna Mawlawi Akhundzada bindiga daga nesa, amma bindigar ta makale,' 'Mullah Ibrahim ya tuno. "Yana kokarin harbe shi, amma ya kasa, kuma 'yan Taliban sun gaggauta tunkarar mutumin," in ji shi, ya kara da cewa Mawlawi Akhundzada bai motsa cikin tashin hankali ba. "  Saboda yunƙurin kisan da aka ruwaito ya faru a Quetta, ya sabawa rahotannin cewa Akhundzada bai yi tafiya a wajen Afghanistan ba bayan Satumbar shekarar 2001.

 Yunƙurin kisa na shekarar 2019 
A lokacin sallar Juma'a a ranar 16 ga watan Agusta, 2019, wani fashewa mai ƙarfin gaske ya ratsa wani babban masallaci a Balochistan, lardin Pakistan. Harin da aka kai a masallacin, ya kashe dan uwan Akhundzada Hafiz Ahmadullah kuma mahaifin Akhundzada.  Ahmadullah ya gaji Akhundzada a matsayin jagoran Masallacin Khair Ul Madarais, wanda ya kasance babban wurin taro na Quetta Shura, bayan da aka nada Akhundzada a matsayin sarkin Taliban.  An tabbatar da ƙarin dangin Akhundzada sun mutu a fashewar.  Babbar Majalisar Masarautar Musulunci ta Afganistan ta dauki alhakin kai harin, ta kara da cewa babban abin da aka kai wa hari shi ne Akhundzada. 

 Rubututtuka 
A matsayinsa na malamin addini, ya rubuta littattafai da labarai da yawa, gami da sakin Mujahedino ta de Amir ul-Mumenin Larshowene na Mayu 2017 (Umarni ga Mujahedeen daga Amirul Muminin). Alex Strick van Linschoten, Felix Kuehn (ed.), The Taliban Reader: War, Islam and Politics in their Own Words, Oxford University Press, 2018, p. 525

 Manazarta 

Category:Mutanen Afghanistan
Category:Yan Taliban
Category:Pages with unreviewed translations