Anas

Anas asalin halittar ducks ne. Ya haɗa da pintails, yawancin teals, da mallard da dangi na kusa. A baya ya haɗa da ƙarin nau'in amma biyo bayan buga nazarin ilimin halittar ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin shekara ta 2009 an raba jinsi zuwa sassa huɗu. Halittar yanzu ta ƙunshi nau'in halittu 31. Sunan Anas shine Latin don "duck"

 Tsarin tsari 
FMasanin ilimin halitta Carl Linnaeus dan Sweden ya gabatar da nau'in Anas a cikin shekara ta 1758 a bugu na goma na Systema Naturae. Anas shine kalmar Latin don agwagwa. Halittar a baya ta ƙunshi ƙarin nau'in. A cikin shekara ta 2009 an buga babban binciken ilimin halittar ƙwayoyin cuta wanda aka kwatanta jerin DNA na mitochondrial daga ducks, geese da swans a cikin dangin Anatidae. Sakamakon ya tabbatar da wasu daga cikin ƙananan ƙananan binciken da aka yi a baya kuma ya nuna cewa asalin halittar kamar yadda aka bayyana a baya ba ta monophyletic. Dangane da sakamakon wannan binciken,  Anas ya kuma kasu kashi huɗu da aka gabatar na monophyletic genera tare da nau'ikan guda biyar ciki har da tattabarun da aka canjawa wuri zuwa ga halittar Mareca da aka tashe, nau'ikan guda goma ciki har da masu siyar da shayi da wasu shaye -shaye da aka canjawa wuri zuwa ga halittar Spatula da Baikal teal da aka sanya a cikin Halittar monotypic Sibirionetta. 

 Dabbobi 
Akwai nau'ikan halittu 31 da aka sani a cikin jinsi: 
ImageCommon NameScientific nameDistributionAfrican black duckAnas sparsaeastern and southern sub-Saharan Africa from South Africa n north to South Sudan and Ethiopia with outlying populations in western equatorial Africa, in south east Nigeria, Cameroon and Gabon.Yellow-billed duckAnas undulatasouthern and eastern Africa.Meller's duckAnas mellerieastern Madagascar.Pacific black duckAnas superciliosaIndonesia, New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand, and many islands in the southwestern Pacific, reaching to the Caroline Islands in the north and French Polynesia in the eastLaysan duckAnas laysanensisHawaiian IslandsHawaiian duckAnas wyvillianaHawaiian islandsPhilippine duckAnas luzonicathe PhilippinesIndian spot-billed duckAnas poecilorhynchaPakistan and IndiaEastern spot-billed duckAnas zonorhynchaSoutheast AsiaMallardAnas platyrhynchosAlaska to Mexico, the Hawaiian Islands, across Eurasia, from Iceland and southern Greenland and parts of Morocco (North Africa) in the west, Scandinavia and Britain to the north, and to Siberia, Japan, and South Korea, in the east, south-eastern and south-western Australia and New ZealandMottled duckAnas fulvigulaGulf of Mexico coast between Alabama and Tamaulipas (Mexico) and FloridaAmerican black duckAnas rubripesSaskatchewan to the Atlantic in Canada and the Great Lakes and the Adirondacks in the United StatesMexican duckAnas diaziMexico and the southern United States.Cape tealAnas capensissub-Saharan AfricaWhite-cheeked pintailAnas bahamensisCaribbean, South America, and the Galápagos IslandsRed-billed tealAnas erythrorhynchasouthern and eastern AfricaYellow-billed pintailAnas georgicaSouth America, the Falkland Islands and South GeorgiaEaton's pintailAnas eatoniisland groups of Kerguelen and Crozet in the southern Indian OceanNorthern pintailAnas acutaEurope, Asia and North AmericaEurasian tealAnas creccanorthern EurasiaGreen-winged tealAnas carolinensisNorth America except on the Aleutian IslandsYellow-billed tealAnas flavirostrisArgentina, the Falkland Islands, Chile, Peru, Bolivia, Uruguay, and Brazil.Andean tealAnas andium (formerly included in A. flavirostris)Andean highlands of Colombia, Venezuela, and EcuadorSunda tealAnas gibberifronsIndonesia.Andaman tealAnas albogularis (formerly included in A. gibberifrons)Andaman Islands (India) and Great Coco Island (Burma)Grey tealAnas gracilisAustralia and New ZealandChestnut tealAnas castaneaTasmania and southern Victoria, New Guinea and Lord Howe IslandBernier's tealAnas bernieriMadagascarBrown tealAnas chlorotisNew ZealandAuckland tealAnas aucklandicaAuckland Islands south of New ZealandCampbell tealAnas nesiotis (formerly included in A. aucklandica)New Zealand
Dabbobi Dabam

 †Mariana mallard, Anas oustaleti
 †Mascarene teal, Anas theodori
 †Chatham Island Duck, Anas chathamica

An sanya shi a cikin Anas :

 Duck mai fuka-fuki na tagulla, Speculanas specularis
 Duck Crested, Lophonetta specularioides
 Baikal teal Sibirionetta formosa
 Salvadori ta teal, Salvadorina waigiuensis
 jinsuna a cikin halittar Mareca, wigeons (gami da gadwall da duck da ya fadi )
 jinsin da ke cikin halittar Spatula, masu shawagi da teals masu alaƙa

 Phylogeny 
Cladogram dangane da nazarin Gonzalez da abokan aiki da aka buga a cikin shekara ta 2009. 

 Rubutun burbushin halittu 
An yi bayanin nau'ikan burbushin halittu na Anas. Abokan huldarsu galibi ba a tantance su ba:

 † Anas sp. (Marigayi Miocene na China)
 † Anas sp. (nau'in matsakaici daga Late Miocene na Rudabánya, Hungary) 
 Anas amotape (Campbell 1979) (Talara Tar Seeps Late Pleistocene na Peru)
 As Anas bunkeri (Wetmore 1944) (Farko -? Middle Pliocene-Early Pleistocene na WC USA) -Nettion ja-da-kore shugaban mayafi? 
 As Anas cheuen Agnolín 2006 (farkon-tsakiyar Pleistocene na Argentina) Dafila ?
 Anas elapsum (Chinchilla Lle Pleistocene na Kogin Condamine, Ostiraliya) ("Nettion")
 Anas ganii (Late Pliocene/Early Pleistocene of Tchichmiknaia, Moldavia)
 Cil Anas gracilipes (Late Pleistocene of Australia) (wataƙila ƙaramin ma'anar Anas castanea )
 Anas greeni (Brodkorb 1964) (Ash Hollow Late Miocene? /Early Pliocene na Kudancin Dakota, Amurka) -Nettion ja-da-kore koren launi (shakku)?
 Anas itchtucknee McCoy 1963
 Anas kisatibiensis [ Anser kisatibiensis ] (farkon Pliocene na Kisatibi, Georgia)
 As Anas kurochkini Zelenkov & Panteleyev 2015
 Anas lambrechti [ Archaeoquerquedula lambrechti Stephens ; Querquedula lambrechti ; Archeoquerquedula Spillman 1942 ]
 As Anas ogallalae (Brodkorb 1962) (Ogallala Late Miocene? /Early Pliocene na Kansas, Amurka) Nettion ja-da-kore kai mai launi (shakku) 
 Tsibirin Bermuda less Anas pachyscelus Wetmore 1960 (Shore Hills Late Pleistocene na Bermuda, W Atlantic)
 As Anas pullulans (Juntura Marigayi Miocene? /Early Pliocene na Juntura, Malheur County, Oregon, Amurka)  Punanetta ?
 Anas schneideri Emslie 1985 (Late Pleistocene of Little Box Elder Cave, USA) 
 As Anas sansaniensis Milne-Edwards 1868 [ Dendrocygna sansaniensis (Milne-Edwards 1868) Mlíkovský 1988 ]
 Anas strenuum (Late Pleistocene na Patteramordu, Ostiraliya) ("Nettion")

Ruwan tsuntsaye da yawa na tarihi waɗanda ake zaton ɓangare na ƙungiyar Anas a zamanin yau ba a ƙara sanya su cikin wannan nau'in ba, aƙalla ba tare da tabbas ba:

 † “Anas” basaltica (Marigayi Oligocene na “Warnsdorf”, Jamhuriyar Czech) a bayyane bakar fata ce . 
 An "Anas" blanchardi, "A." consobrina, "A." natator yanzu suna cikin Mionetta
 An "Anas" creccoides (Early-mid Oligocene of Belgium) "A." risgoviensis (Marigayi Miocene na Bavaria, Jamus) da "A." skalicensis (Miocene na farko na "Skalitz", Jamhuriyar Czech), kodayake mai yiwuwa amsa ce, ba za a iya sanya shi da tabbaci tsakanin tsuntsayen zamani kwata -kwata.  
 An "Anas" albae (Marigayi Miocene na Polgárdi, Hungary) "A." eppelsheimensis (farkon Pliocene na Eppelsheim, Jamus) "A." isarensis (Marigayi Miocene na Aumeister, Jamus) da "A." luederitzensis (Kalahari Early Miocene na Lüderitzbucht, Namibia) a bayyane Anatidae ne na ƙungiyoyin da ba a sani ba; na farko yana iya zama teku . 
 † "Anas" integra da "A." oligocaena yanzu suna cikin Dendrochen .
 An "Anas" lignitifila daga Marigayi Miocene na Tuscana an koma da shi zuwa ga asalin halittar sa, Bambolinetta, kasancewar baƙon ruwan ruwan da ba a saba gani ba.
 An "Anas" robusta yanzu an sanya shi cikin anserobranta .
 An "Anas" velox (Tsakiya - Late? Miocene na C Turai) da "A." meyerii (Miocene na tsakiyar Öhningen, Jamus; wataƙila iri ɗaya ne) ba ze zama na Anas ba, kuma suna iya kasancewa agwagi na kakanni. 

Babbar matsala, kodayake a mahangar ka'ida, shine sanya moa-nalos . Waɗannan ana iya samun su daga asalin kakannin duck baƙar fata na Pacific, duck Laysan, da mallard, da adadin wasu ba a sani ba. A zahiri, suna iya yin falo a cikin asalin halittar Anas .  Koyaya, sabanin waɗannan nau'ikan-waɗanda ke wakiltar wakilcin dabbar dabbar dabbar gabaɗaya -moa-nalos sune mafi ficewa daga bauplan anseriform da kimiyya ta sani. Wannan yana nuna cewa a cikin ma'anar juyin halitta da gaske, takamaiman tsarin ilimin halittar jiki na iya zama da wahala a yi amfani da shi.

 Duba kuma 

 Jerin tsuntsayen da suka mutu kwanan nan
 Late Quaternary prehistoric tsuntsaye
 Jerin jigon tsuntsaye

 Manazarta 


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