Tunjere

Syphilis (/ˈsɪfəlɪs, ˈsɪfɪlɪs/)  cuta ce da ake samu ta hanyar jima'i wanda kwayar cuta ta [./Treponema_<i id= pallidum]" id="mwPg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Treponema pallidum">Treponema pallidum ta haifar da kwayar cutar. Alamomi da alamun sun dogara da matakin da yake gabatarwa: na farko, na biyu, latent ko na uku. Mataki na farko yana gabatar da chancre guda ɗaya (mai ƙarfi, mara zafi, ciwon fata  marasa ƙaikayi yawanci tsakanin 1 cm da 2 cm a fadin zobe), kodayake akwai yiwuwar raunuka da yawa. A cikin syphilis na biyu, kuraje mai yaduwa yana faruwa, wanda sau da yawa ya haɗa da tafin  hannaye  da tafin ƙafafu. Hakanan akwai yuwar ciwo a baki ko farji. Syphilis mai ɓoye ba shi da alamomi kuma zai iya kasance har shekaru goma. A cikin syphilis na uku, akwai gummas (mai laushi, wanda ba na ciwon daji ba), matsalolin jijiyoyi, ko alamun zuciya. Syphilis an san shi da "babban mai koyi", saboda yana iya haifar da alamun da suka yi kama da sauran cututtuka da yawa.  

Syphilis ya fi yaduwa ta hanyar jima'i."Syphilis – CDC Fact Sheet (Detailed)". CDC. 2 November 2015. Archived from the original on 6 February 2016. Retrieved 3 February 2016. Hakanan ana iya yadawa daga uwa zuwa jariri a lokacin daukar ciki ko a lokacin haihuwa, wanda ke haifar da syphilis na haihuwa. Sauran cututtukan da Treponema suka haifar sun hada da Yaws (T. pallidum subspecies belongue), pinta (T. carateum), da kuma syphilis mai cutarwa (T.T. pallidum subspocies endemicum). Kent ME, Romanelli F (February 2008). "Reexamining syphilis: an update on epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and management". Annals of Pharmacotherapy. 42 (2): 226–36. doi:10.1345/aph.1K086. PMID 18212261. S2CID 23899851. Wadannan cututtuka guda uku ba sa yaduwa ta hanyar jima'i. Ana gano cutar  yawanci ne ta hanyar amfani da Gwajin jini; ana iya gano kwayoyin cuta ta amfani da microscopy na duhu. Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Rigakafin Cututtuka (Amurka) sun ba da shawarar a gwada dukkan mata masu juna biyu.

Ana iya rage haɗarin yaduwar syphilis ta hanyar amfani da latex ko polyurethane condom."Syphilis – CDC Fact Sheet (Detailed)". CDC. 2 November 2015. Archived from the original on 6 February 2016. Retrieved 3 February 2016. Ana iya magance Syphilis yadda ya kamata tare da maganin rigakafi. Maganin rigakafi da aka fi so ga mafi yawan lokuta shine benzylpenicillin" id="mwrA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Benzathine benzylpenicillin">benzathine benzylpenicillin da aka yi da allura a cikin tsoka. A cikin waɗanda ke da mummunan rashin jituwar  jiki da  penicillin, ana iya amfani da doxycycline ko tetracycline. A cikin waɗanda ke da Neurosymphilis, ana ba da shawarar benzylpenicillin ko Ceftriaxone. A lokacin jinya, mutane na iya kamuwa da zazzabi, ciwon kai, da Ciwon tsoka, wanda aka sani da Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction.

A cikin shekara ta 2015, kimanin mutane miliyan 45.4 suna da cututtukan syphilis,  daga cikinsu miliyan shida sabbin masu kamuwa da cutar ne.  A cikin shekara ta 2015, ya haifar da mutuwar kusan 107,000, daga 202,000 a cikin 1990. Bayan raguwa sosai tare da wadatar magani penicillin a cikin shekarun 1940, yawan kamuwa da cuta ya karu tun lokacin cikan shekaru duba a kasashe da yawa, sau da yawa a hade tare da Kwayar cutar rigakafin mutum (HIV).  Kent ME, Romanelli F (February 2008). "Reexamining syphilis: an update on epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and management". Annals of Pharmacotherapy. 42 (2): 226–36. doi:10.1345/aph.1K086. PMID 18212261. S2CID 23899851. An yi imanin cewa wannan wani bangare ne saboda amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi mara lafiya, karuwar karuwanci, da raguwar amfani da kwaroron roba.