Taken Ƙasar Africa ta Kudu

An karɓi Taken Ƙasar Afirka ta Kudu a cikin shekara ta 1997 kuma waƙar matasan ce ta haɗa sabon Ingilishi tare da ƙarin waƙar ƙarni na 19 " Nkosi Sikelel 'iAfrika " ( English:   , lit. '' Ubangiji ya albarkaci Afirka ' ' ) da waƙar Afirkaans " Die Stem van Suid-Afrika " ( English:   ), wanda aka yi amfani da shi a matsayin taken ƙasar Afirka ta Kudu a lokacin mulkin wariyar launin fata .  Kwamitin da ke da alhakin wannan sabon abun ciki ya haɗa da Anna Bender, Elize Botha, Richard Cock, Dolf Havemann (Sakatare), Mzilikazi Khumalo (Shugaban), Masizi Kunene, John Lenake, Fatima Meer, Khabi Mngoma, Wally Serote, Johan de Villiers, da Jeanne Zaidel-Rudolph . 

Sau da yawa ana ambaton taken ta hanyar " Nkosi Sikelel 'iAfrika ", amma wannan bai taɓa zama taken ta ba, wanda Kuma kawai shine "Waƙar Ƙasar Afirka ta Kudu".

 Tsari 
Waƙoƙin suna amfani da harsuna biyar da aka fi amfani da su a cikin yarukan hukuma na goma sha ɗaya na Afirka ta Kudu - Xhosa (stanza na farko, layi biyu na farko), Zulu (sahu na farko, layuka biyu na ƙarshe), Sesotho (stanza na biyu), Afrikaans (sahu na uku), da Ingilishi (saƙo na ƙarshe). Ana rera waƙoƙin a cikin waɗannan yarukan ba tare da la'akari da yaren mawaƙin ba. Mzilikazi Khumalo ne ya shirya rabi na farko  kuma Jeanne Zaidel-Rudolph ne ya shirya rabin waƙar, wanda shi ma ya rubuta aya ta ƙarshe.   Kasancewar yana canzawa ( yana canzawa ) kuma yana ƙarewa a cikin maɓalli daban (daga G manyan zuwa D manyan ), fasalin da yake rabawa tare da waƙoƙin ƙasa na Italiyanci da na Philippine  ya sa ya zama sabon abu.

 Tarihi 
Daga ƙarshen shekara ta 1940 zuwa farkon shekara ta 1990s, Afirka ta Kudu ta kasance ƙarƙashin tsarin da aka sani da wariyar launin fata, tsarin da aka la'ane shi na rarrabuwa da nuna wariyar launin fata wanda ya ginu akan fifikon farar fata da danniya mafi rinjayen baƙi don fa'idar siyasa da rinjaye Afrikaner tsiraru da sauran fararen fata. A cikin wannan lokacin, taken Afirka ta Kudu shine " Die Stem van Suid-Afrika ", wanda kuma aka sani da "Die Stem", waƙar yaren Afirkaans wanda ya ba da tarihin Voortrekkers da " Babban Tafiya ". "Die Stem" waka ce da CJ Langenhoven ya rubuta a shekara ta 1918 kuma Marthinus Lourens de Villiers ya saita ta zuwa kiɗa a shekara ta 1921.  "Die Stem" ( English:   ) Ya co-kasa take  da " Allah Ajiye The King " / " Allah Ajiye A Sarauniya " tsakanin shekara ta 1938 da kuma shekara ta 1957, lokacin da ta zama tafin take kasar har zuwa shekara ta 1994. "Die Stem van Suid-Afrika". Ba kasafai ake rera ta gaba ɗaya ba, yawanci, stanza na farko shine wanda aka fi sani kuma aka rera shi wani lokacin wanda stanza na ƙarshe ke bi.

Lokacin da wariyar launin fata ya kawo karshe a farkon shekara ta 1990, an sanya alamar tambaya game da makomar "Die Stem van Suid-Afrika".   A ƙarshe an riƙe shi azaman taken ƙasa, kodayake " Nkosi Sikelel 'iAfrika ", waƙar yaren Xhosa wanda ƙungiyar masu adawa da wariyar launin fata ta yi amfani da ita, ita ma an gabatar da ita kuma an karɓe ta a matsayin taken ƙasa na biyu na daidai daidai.  "Nkosi Sikelel'Afrika" wani malamin makarantar Methodist ne mai suna Enoch Sontonga ya kirkiro shi a cikin shekara ta 1897. An fara rera ta a matsayin waƙar waƙar coci amma daga baya ta zama aikin bijirewa siyasa akan mulkin wariyar launin fata .

Gwamnatin Afirka ta Kudu ta karbi waƙoƙin duka biyu a matsayin waƙoƙin ƙasashe biyu a shekara ta 1994, lokacin da aka rera su a lokacin bikin Nelson Mandela . 

Don Gasar Cin Kofin Rugby ta 1995, Morné du Plessis ya ba da shawarar cewa Springboks su koyi duk kalmomin "Nkosi Sikelel 'iAfrika", da "sun yi hakan da matuƙar jin daɗi", a cewar malamin su Anne Munnik. 

 Farawa 
Aikin yin waƙoƙin ƙasa guda biyu ya tabbatar da zama tsari mai ban tsoro kamar yadda yin su biyun ya ɗauki kamar minti biyar.  An gyara wannan lokacin da aka haɗo waƙoƙin ƙasashe biyu na Afirka ta Kudu cikin gajerun sifofi a farkon 1997  don ƙirƙirar taken ƙasa na yanzu. An yi sabon waƙar ƙasar a buɗe majalisar dokokin Afirka ta Kudu a watan Fabrairu 1997,  kuma an buga shi a cikin Gazette na Gwamnatin Afirka ta Kudu ranar 10 ga Oktoba 1997.  A lokacin da ake tsara sabuwar waka ta kasa, shugaban Afirka ta Kudu Nelson Mandela ya bukaci kada ya wuce tsawon minti 1 da dakika 48 (wanda shi ne matsakaicin tsawon sauran wakokin kasashen da ake amfani da su don nuni).  Sabbin kalmomin Ingilishi an daidaita su daga layuka huɗu na ƙarshe na sahun farko na "Die Stem van Suid-Afrika" ( English:   ), tare da canje-canjen da aka yi don nuna bege a cikin al'ummar Afirka ta Kudu bayan wariyar launin fata.

An canza layukan da aka aro daga waƙoƙin ƙasa guda biyu da suka gabata don su zama masu haɗawa, tare da barin ambaton kai tsaye ga takamaiman ƙungiyoyin yawan jama'ar ƙasar. Don haka, layuka daga farkon waƙar wariyar launin fata ta zamanin da ke nuni da " Babban Trek " na Voortrekkers an cire su, saboda "wannan ita ce ƙwarewar sashi ɗaya kawai na" jama'ar Afirka ta Kudu.   Hakanan, kalmomin "Woza Moya", waɗanda aka yi amfani da su a "Nkosi Sikelel 'iAfrika" suma an cire su, saboda kalmar ita ce nassi na Kiristanci na musamman, maimakon na addini gaba ɗaya,  don haka ba abin karɓa ba ne ga' yan Afirka ta Kudu na sauran addinai, musamman Musulmin Afirka ta Kudu.  An kuma ƙara sabon aya da aka samu a cikin waƙar ba. Sigar Ingilishi ta "Die Stem van Suid-Afrika" ba ta yi fice ba fiye da na Afirkaans kuma don haka za a iya canza shi da ɗan ƙin yarda ko jayayya.  Don haka, ɓangaren Ingilishi na sabon taken ƙasar Afirka ta Kudu shine wanda aka canza kalmomin sa daga sigar da ta gabata. 

 Masu suka 
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an soki taken ƙasar Afirka ta Kudu saboda baitin Afirkaans kamar yadda asalinsa ya kasance cikin waƙar ƙasa ta Afirka ta Kudu da aka yi amfani da ita a zamanin mulkin wariyar launin fata,  tare da wasu irin su ' Yancin Tattalin Arzikin Tattalin Arziki suna kira ga ayar da za a cire, wai saboda wannan haɗin.     Wasu kuma suna kare shigar da ayar, suna mai nuni da cewa an saka ta cikin babban rabo saboda burin shugaban Afirka ta Kudu na farko bayan wariyar launin fata, Nelson Mandela, wanda ya yi niyyar shigar da ita a matsayin matakin sake yin sulhu ga makomar bayan wariyar launin fata. na Afirka ta Kudu.   
Aya ta farko, layi biyu na farko cikin Xhosa (tare da fassarar) Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika
Maluphakanyisw' uphondo lwayo, Aya ta farko, layi biyu na ƙarshe a cikin Zulu (tare da fassarar)Yizwa imithandazo yethu,
Nkosi sikelela, thina lusapho Iwayo. Aya ta biyu a cikin Sesotho (tare da fassarar)Morena boloka setjhaba sa heso,
O fedise dintwa le matshwenyeho,
O se boloke, O se boloke setjhaba sa heso,
Setjhaba sa, South Afrika, South Afrika. Aya ta uku a cikin Afirkaans (tare da fassarar)Uit die blou van onse hemel,
Uit die diepte van ons see,
Oor ons ewige gebergtes,
Waar die kranse antwoord gee, Aya ta hudu da turanci 

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