Hepatitis C

Hepatitis C cuta ce mai saurin kamuwa da cutar hanta ta C (HCV) wacce ke shafar hanta da farko. A lokacin kamuwa da cutar ta farko mutane sukan sami sauki ko babu alamun cutar. Wani lokaci zazzaɓi, fitsari mai duhu, ciwon ciki, da launin rawaya fata na faruwa. Kwayar cutar tana ci gaba da wanzuwa a cikin hanta a kusan kashi 75 zuwa 85% na wadanda suka kamu da cutar a farko. Farkon kauwa da cuta na yau da kullun yawanci ba shi da alamun cutar. A cikin shekaru masu yawa duk da haka, sau da yawa yana haifar da cutar hanta da cirrhosis lokaci-lokaci. A wasu lokuta, waɗanda ke da cirrhosis za su haifar da matsaloli masu tsanani kamar gazawar hanta, ciwon hanta, ko fashewar tasoshin jini a cikin esophagus da ciki.

HCV yana yaduwa da farko ta hanyar haɗin jini-zuwa-jini da ke da alaƙa da amfani da magungunan jijiya, rashin haifuwar kayan aikin likita mara kyau, raunin allura a cikin kiwon lafiya, da ƙarin ƙarin jini. Yin amfani da gwajin jini, haɗarin ƙarin ƙarin jini bai wuce ɗaya cikin miliyan biyu ba. Hakanan ana iya yada shi daga uwa mai cutar zuwa ga jaririnta yayin haihuwa. Ba a yada ta ta hanyar saduwa ta zahiri. Yana ɗaya daga cikin ƙwayoyin cutar hanta guda biyar da aka sani: A, B, C, D, da E. Ana gano cutar ta hanyar gwajin jini don neman ko dai garkuwar ƙwayoyin cuta ko RNA. Ana ba da shawarar gwaji a cikin duk mutanen da ke cikin haɗari.

Babu maganin rigakafin cutar hepatitis C. Rigakafin ya haɗa da ƙoƙarin rage cutarwa tsakanin mutanen da ke amfani da magungunan jijiya da gwajin jinin da aka bayar. Ana iya warkar da kamuwa da cuta na yau da kullun fiye da kashi 95 cikin 100 tare da magungunan rigakafi kamar sofosbuvir ko simeprevir. Peginterferon da ribavirin sune magungunan ƙarni na farko waɗanda ke da adadin warkewar ƙasa da 50% kuma mafi girman illa. Samun dama ga sababbin jiyya duk da haka na iya zama tsada. Wadanda suka kamu da cutar cirrhosis ko ciwon hanta na iya buƙatar dashen hanta. Hepatitis C shine babban dalilin dashen hanta, kodayake kwayar cutar takan sake dawowa bayan dasawa.

Kimanin mutane miliyan 71 (1%) a duk duniya sun kamu da hepatitis a cikin 2017. A cikin 2013, kusan sabbin maganganu miliyan goma sha ɗaya sun faru. Ya fi faruwa a Afirka da Tsakiya da Gabashin Asiya. Kimanin mutuwar 167,000 saboda ciwon hanta da mutuwar 326,000 saboda cirrhosis ya faru a cikin 2015 saboda ciwon hepatitis C. Kasancewar ciwon hanta na C - wanda aka samo asali kawai a matsayin nau'in ciwon hanta wanda ba na A ba - an ba da shawarar a cikin 1970s kuma an tabbatar da shi a cikin 1989. Hepatitis C yana cutar da mutane kawai da chimpanzees.
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