Walƙiya mai haɗari

Yajin walkiya ko walkiya shine fitarwar lantarki tsakanin yanayi da Kasa. Yawancin ya samo asali ne a cikin gajimare na cumulonimbus kuma yana karewa a kasa, wanda ake kira walkiya -zuwa kasa (CG). Wani nau'in yajin da ba a saba sabawa ba, walkiya daga kasa zuwa gajimare (GC), walkiya ce mai habakawa zuwa sama wanda aka fara daga wani abu mai tsayi kuma yana shiga cikin gajimare. Kusan kashi 69 cikin 100 na duk abubuwan da ke faruwa na walkiya a duk duniya suna faruwa ne tsakanin yanayi da abubuwan da ke daure kasa. Yawancin su ne intracloud (IC) walkiya da gajimare-zuwa-girgije (CC), inda fitarwa kawai ke faruwa a cikin sararin samaniya. Cooray, Vernon. (2014). Lightning Flash (2nd Edition) - 1. Charge Structure and Geographical Variation of Thunderclouds. Page 4. Institution of Engineering and Technology.  Walkiya tana afkawa matsakaicin jirgin sama na kasuwanci akalla sau daya a shekara, amma injiniyanci da kira na zamani yana nufin wannan ba matsala bace. Motsin jirage ta cikin gajimare na iya haifar da tashin walkiya.

Walkiya guda daya ita ce "flash", wanda ke da sarkakkiya, tsari mai yawa, wasu sassa wadanda ba a fahimta sosai ba. Yawancin CG suna walkiya kawai "busa" wuri daya na jiki, wanda ake magana da shi azaman "karewa". Tashar gudanarwa ta farko, haske mai haske, wanda ake iya gani kuma ana kiranta "yajin", kusan inci daya ne kawai a diamita, amma saboda tsananin haske, sau da yawa ya fi girma ga idon dan adam da hotuna. Fitowar walkiya yawanci tsayin mil ne, amma wasu nau'ikan watsawar a kwance na iya kaiwa sama da dubun mil a tsayi. Dukan filasha yana daukar dan juzu'in dakika daya kacal 

 Yajin aiki 
Walkiya na iya cutar da mutane ta hanyoyi daban-daban:  

 Kai tsaye
 Yajin kai tsaye - mutumin wani yanki ne na tashar walkiya. Yawancin kuzari suna wucewa cikin jiki da sauri, yana haifar da konewa na ciki, lalata gabobin jiki, fashewar nama da kashi, da lalacewar tsarin juyayi. Dangane da karfin walkiya da samun dama ga sabis na likita, yana iya zama mai mutuwa nan take ko ya haifar da rauni da lahani na dindindin.
 Raunin tuntuba - abu (gaba daya madugu) wanda mutum yake tabawa yana samun wutar lantarki ta yajin aiki.
 Fashewar gefe - rassan igiyoyin igiyoyin ruwa "tsalle" daga tashar filasha ta farko, tana kunna mutum.
 Raunin fashewar - jifa da fama da rauni mai karfi daga girgizar girgiza (idan yana kusa) da yuwuwar lalacewar ji daga aradu . 
 Kai tsaye
 Karkashin kasa na halin yanzu ko "yiwuwar mataki" - saman duniya yana cajin tseren zuwa tashar walkiya yayin fitarwa. Saboda kasa tana da babban hadari, na yanzu "zabi" mafi kyawun jagora, sau da yawa kafafun mutum, suna wucewa ta jiki. Matsakaicin saurin fitarwa na kusa yana haifar da yuwuwar (bambanci) akan nisa, wanda zai iya kai adadin volts dubu da yawa a kowace kasar madaidaiciya. Wannan al'amari (wanda kuma ke da alhakin rahotannin mutuwar dawa da yawa a sakamakon guguwar walkiya) yana haifar da Karin raunuka da mutuwar fiye da uku na sama.  hade. 
 EMPs - tsarin fitarwa yana haifar da bugun jini na lantarki ( EMP ), wanda zai iya lalata na'urar bugun zuciya ta wucin gadi, ko kuma ya shafi tsarin rayuwa na yau da kullun.
 Ana iya haifar da Rudi a cikin mutanen da ke tsakanin a kalla 200 m (650 ft) na guguwar walkiya mai tsanani. 
 Sakandare ko sakamako
 Fashewa
 Gobara
 Hatsari

Alamomin fadakarwar na yajin da ke gabatowa a kusa na iya hadawa da karar sauti, jin dadin wutar lantarki a gashi ko fata, kamshi mai kamshi na ozone, ko bayyanar hazo mai shudi a kusa da mutane ko abubuwa ( Wutar St. Elmo ).  An shawarci mutanen da aka kama a cikin irin wannan matsanancin yanayi - ba tare da sun iya guduwa zuwa wuri mafi aminci ba, cikakken sararin samaniya - an shawarci su dauki "matsayin walkiya", wanda ya hada da "zauna ko tsuguno tare da gwiwoyi da kafafu kusa da juna don Kirkirar wuri daya kawai. Sannan Kuma tare da Kasa" (tare da kafafu daga kasa idan zaune; idan ana bukatar matsayi na tsaye, kafafu dole ne su taba). 

 Raunin 
Hatsarin walkiya na iya haifar da munanan raunuka,  kuma suna da mutuwa a tsakanin kashi 10 zuwa 30% na lokuta, tare da kusan kashi 80% na wadanda suka tsira suna samun raunuka na dogon lokaci. Wadannan raunuka masu tsanani ba yawanci ba ne suke haifar da konawar zafi, tun da halin yanzu yana da dan gajeren lokaci don zafi da kyallen takarda; A maimakon haka, jijiyoyi da tsokoki na iya lalacewa kai tsaye ta hanyar babban karfin lantarki da ke samar da ramuka a cikin membranes na tantanin halitta, tsarin da ake kira electroporation . 

A cikin yajin kai tsaye, igiyoyin lantarki a cikin tashar walkiya suna wucewa kai tsaye ta cikin wanda aka azabtar. Yawan faduwar wutar lantarki a kusa da mafi karancin na'urorin lantarki (kamar dan adam), yana haifar da iskar da ke kewaye da ionize kuma ta karye, sannan kuma walkiya na waje yana karkatar da mafi yawan magudanar ruwa ta yadda ya zagaya "zagaye" jiki, yana rage rauni. .

Abubuwan karfe da ke Hulda da fata na iya "maida hankali" karfin walkiya, idan aka yi la'akari da shi shi ne mafi kyawun jagorar halitta da kuma hanyar da aka fi so, wanda ya haifar da mummunan rauni, kamar konewa daga narkakkar da karfe ko kafe. Akalla lokuta biyu (2) ne aka bayar da rahoton inda wani yajin aikin sanye da iPod ya samu munanan raunuka sakamakon haka. 

A lokacin walkiya, to Amman kodayake, halin yanzu yana gudana ta hanyar tashar da kewayen jiki na iya haifar da manyan filayen lantarki da EMPs, wadanda zasu iya haifar da bacin rai (surges) a cikin tsarin juyayi ko bugun zuciya, yana bata ayyukan yau da kullun . Wannan tasirin na iya bayyana lokuta inda kamawar zuciya ko kamawa ya biyo bayan yajin walkiya wanda bai haifar da rauni na waje ba. Hakanan yana iya yin nuni ga wanda aka azabtar ba a buga shi kai tsaye ba kwata-kwata, amma kawai yana kusa da karshen yajin. 

Wani illar walkiya akan masu kallo shi ne ga jinsu . Sakamakon girgizar tsawa na iya lalata kunnuwa. Hakanan, kutsewar wutar lantarki ga wayoyi ko belun kunne na iya haifar da lalatar amo .

 Epidemiology 
Kimanin al'amura kimanin  240,000 game da walkiya na faruwa a duniya kowace shekara. Ronald L. Holle Annual rates of lightning fatalities by country. (PDF) . 0th International Lightning Detection Conference. 21–23 April 2008. Tucson, Arizona, USA. Retrieved on 2011-11-08.

A cewar National Geographic, kimanin mutane kimanin 2,000 a duk shekara ana kashe su a duniya ta hanyar walkiya.  Dangane da wadannan alkalumman, to, matsakaicin dan adam yana da kusan daya daga cikin 60,000 zuwa 80,000 damar fadada wa walkiya a cikin rayuwar kusan shekaru 65-70. Haka kuma, saboda karuwar wayar da kan jama'a da ingantattun masu kula da walkiya da kariya, adadin masu mutuwan walkiya a kowace shekara yana raguwa a kowace shekara.

A cewar Hukumar Kula da Ruwa da Ruwa ta Kasa, a cikin shekaru 40 da suka wuce, Amurka ta yi asarar rayuka 51 a duk shekara, lamarin da ya sa ya zama na biyu mafi yawan sanadin mutuwar masu nasaba da yanayi bayan ambaliya .  Lightning Safety Facts. lightningsafety.noaa.gov (archived) A cikin Amurka, tsakanin 9 zuwa 10% na waɗanda aka kashe sun mutu, Cherington, J. et al. 1999: Closing the Gap on the Actual Numbers of Lightning Casualties and Deaths. Preprints, 11th Conf. on Applied Climatology, 379-80.. tare da matsakaicin mutuwar 25 na shekara-shekara a cikin shekaru goma na shekarar 2010 (16 a cikin shekarata 2017).  

A Kisii da ke yammacin Kenya, kimanin mutane kimanin  30 ne ke mutuwa a kowace shekara sakamakon tsawa. Yawan kashewar walkiyar Kisii na faruwa ne saboda yawan tsawa da kuma saboda yawancin gine-ginen yankin suna da rufin karfe. 

Wadannan kididdigar ba su nuna bambanci tsakanin hare-haren kai tsaye ba, inda wanda aka azabtar ya kasance wani bangare na hanyar walkiya, sakamakon kai tsaye na kusa da wurin karewa, kamar igiyoyin ruwa na kasa, da kuma sakamakon, inda abin da ya faru ya taso daga abubuwan da suka biyo baya, kamar gobara. ko fashewa. Ko da mafi yawan kwararrun masu amsawa na farko ba za su iya gane raunin da ya shafi walkiya ba, balle cikakkun bayanai, wanda ma'aikacin likita, mai binciken 'yan sanda, ko kuma a wani lokaci da ba kasafai kwararren kwararren walkiya na iya samun wahalar gano yin rikodin daidai ba. Wannan yana watsi da gaskiyar cewa walkiya, a matsayin abin da ya faru na farko, na iya daukar alhakin gaba daya da sakamakon hadari.

Rikicin kai-tsaye na iya yin sama da adadin da aka ruwaito. 

 Tasiri akan yanayi 

 Tasiri kan ciyayi 
Bishiyoyi sune masu jagorantar walkiya akai-akai zuwa kasa.  Tunda ruwan 'ya'yan itace maras nauyi ne, juriyar wutar lantarki ya sa ya yi zafi da zafi zuwa tururi, wanda ke fitar da bawon a wajen hanyar walkiya. A cikin yanayi masu zuwa, bishiyoyi suna girma wurin da suka lalace kuma suna iya rufe shi gaba Daya, yana barin tabo a tsaye kawai. Idan lalacewar ta yi tsanani, to bishiyar ba za ta iya farfadowa ba, kuma rubewar ya taso, daga karshe ya kashe bishiyar gaba daya.

A yankunan da ba su da yawa kamar Gabas mai Nisa na Rasha da Siberiya, walkiya na daya daga cikin abubuwan da ke haddasa gobarar dazuzzuka. Hayaki da hazo da wata babbar gobarar dajin ke fitarwa na iya haifar da cajin wutar lantarki, tare da kunna Karin gobara a kasan kilomita da yawa sosai. 

 Fasa duwatsu 
Lokacin da ruwa a cikin dutsen da ya karye ya yi saurin zafi ta hanyar yajin walkiya, sakamakon fashewar tururi zai iya haifar da tarwatsewar dutse da kuma jujjuya duwatsu. Yana iya zama wani muhimmin al'amari na zaizayar wurare masu zafi da tsaunuka na wurare masu zafi wadanda ba a taba samun dusar kankara ba. To Amman Shaidar faduwar walkiya ta hada da filayen maganadisu marasa kuskure.  

 Lalacewar lantarki da tsarin 
Wayoyin hannu, modem, kwamfuta, da sauran na’urorin lantarki na iya lalacewa ta hanyar walkiya, saboda cutar da ke tattare da wuce gona da iri na iya isa gare su ta hanyar jack din wayar, kebul na Ethernet, ko wutar lantarki .  Kusa-kusa yana iya haifar da EMPs, musamman a lokacin " fitowar walkiya".

Wutar walkiya tana da saurin tashi sosai, akan tsari na kusan 40 kA a cikin microsecond. Don haka, masu gudanar da irin wannan igiyoyin suna nuna alamar tasirin fata, yana haifar da mafi yawan igiyoyin ruwa suna gudana ta hanyar waje na mai gudanarwa. 

Baya ga lalacewar wayoyi na lantarki, sauran nau'ikan lalacewar da za a yi la'akari da su sun hada da tsari, gobara, da lalacewar kadarori.

 Rigakafi da raguwa 
Fannin tsarin kariyar walkiya babbar masana'anta ce a duk duniya saboda tasirin walkiya kan gine-gine da ayyukan dan adam. Walkiya, kamar yadda ya bambanta a cikin kaddarorin da aka auna a fadin oda mai girma kamar yadda yake, na iya haifar da tasiri kai tsaye ko kuma yana da tasiri na biyu (2); kai ga rugujewar kayan aiki ko tsari ko kuma kawai haifar da gazawar firikwensin lantarki mai nisa; zai iya haifar da dakatar da ayyukan waje saboda matsalolin tsaro ga ma'aikata yayin da tsawa ta kusa kusa da wani yanki kuma har sai ta wuce isasshe; yana iya kone kayayyaki marasa karfi da aka adana a cikin adadi mai yawa ko tsoma baki tare da aiki na yau da kullun na kayan aiki a lokuta masu mahimmanci sosai.

Yawancin na'urori da tsarin kariya na walkiya suna kare tsarin jiki a cikin ƙasa, jirgin sama a cikin jirgin ya kasance sanannen kebanta. Yayin da aka biya wasu hankali ga kokarin sarrafa walkiya a cikin sararin samaniya, duk kokarin da aka yi ya kasance mai iyaka a cikin nasara. Chaff da azurfa iodide kristal an kirkira su don yin Hulda kai tsaye tare da kwayoyin gajimare, kuma an ba su kai tsaye cikin gajimare daga wani jirgin sama mai wuce gona da iri. An kera kashin ne don magance alamun wutar lantarki na guguwar daga ciki, yayin da aka kirkiri fasahar gishirin iodide na azurfa don tunkarar karfin injina na guguwar.

 Tsarin kariya na walkiya 
Ana amfani da daruruwan na'urori, gami da sandunan walkiya da tsarin canja wurin caji, don rage lalacewar walkiya da tasiri hanyar walkiya.

Sanda mai walkiya (ko kariyar walkiya) tsiri ne na karfe ko sanda da aka hada da Kasa ta hanyar madubi da tsarin kasa, ana amfani da shi don samar da hanyar da aka fi so zuwa kasa idan walkiya ta Kare akan tsari. Ajin wadannan samfuran ana kiran su da "karshe" ko "air terminal". Sanda mai walkiya ko kuma "sandan Franklin" don girmama sanannen mai kirkira, Benjamin Franklin, sandar karfe ce kawai, kuma ba tare da hada shi da tsarin kariya na walkiya ba, kamar yadda ya kasance a wasu lokuta a baya, ba zai ba da Karin kariya ga tsari. Sauran sunaye sun hada da "dukiya mai walkiya", "mai kama", da "mai fitar da wuta"; duk da haka, a cikin shekarun da suka gabata an shigar da wadannan sunaye cikin wasu kayayyaki ko masana'antu tare da hannun jari na kariya ta walkiya. Sai dai Mai kama walkiya, alal misali, sau da yawa yana nufin hadaddu hanyoyin hadin yanar gizo wadanda ke fashewa lokacin da yajin ya faru zuwa layin wutar lantarki mai karfi don kare mafi tsadar tasfoma a kan layi ta Bude kewaye. A zahiri, farkon nau'i ne na na'urar kariya mai nauyi mai nauyi. Masu kamawa na zamani, wadanda aka gina su da karfe oxides, suna da ikon yin watsi da matsananciyar wutar lantarki da ba ta dace ba zuwa kasa yayin da suke hana gajartawar tsarin wutar lantarki na yau da kullun zuwa ƙasa.

A cikin shekarata 1962, Hukumar ta USAF ta sanya ginshikan hasumiya mai kariyar walkiya a duk wuraren da aka harba makami mai linzami na Jupiter MRBM na Italiya da Turkiyya bayan wasu hare-hare biyu da ke dauke da makamai masu linzami.

 Tsarin kulawa da fadakarwar 
Har yanzu ba a iya tantance ainihin wurin da walkiya za ta kasance da kuma lokacin da zai faru. Koyaya, an kirkira samfura da tsare-tsare daban-daban na sarkakkiya don fadakar da mutane yayin da yuwuwar yajin aikin ke karuwa sama da matakin da aka kayyade ta hanyar kimanta hadarin yanayi da yanayin wurin. Wani muhimmin ci gaba shi ne a fannin gano walkiya ta hanyar na'urorin kallo na tushen kasa da na tauraron dan adam. Ba a yi hasashen buguwa da walkiya na yanayi ba, amma matakin dalla-dalla da wadannan fasahohin suka rubuta ya inganta sosai a cikin shekaru a kalla 20 da suka gabata.

Ko da yake yawanci ana danganta shi da tsawa a kusa, walkiya na iya faruwa a ranar da kamar babu gajimare. Ana kiran wannan abin da ya faru da "kullun daga shuɗi [sky]"; NWS Pueblo Lightning Page – Bolts From The Blue. Crh.noaa.gov. Retrieved on 2011-11-08. Walkiya na iya afkawa har zuwa mil kusan 10 daga gajimare.

Walkiya tana tsoma baki tare da sigina na rediyo na amplitude (AM) fiye da siginar daidaitawa (FM), yana ba da hanya mai sauƙi don auna karfin walkiya na gida.  Don yin haka, ya kamata mutum ya daidaita daidaitaccen mai karbar rakuman rakuman ruwa na AM zuwa mitar ba tare da tashoshi masu watsawa ba, kuma ya saurari kukumma a tsakanin madaidaicin . Karfi ko walkiya na kusa zai haifar da tsagewa idan an kunna mai karbar zuwa tasha. Yayin da kananan mitoci ke yaduwa tare da Kasa fiye da na sama, kananan kananan igiyoyin igiya (MW) (a cikin kashi 500-600). kewayon kHz) na iya gano alamun Walkiya a nesa mai tsayi; idan band longwave (153-279 kHz) yana samuwa, yin amfani da shi na iya Kara wannan kewayon har ma da kari.

An kirkira tsarin gano walkiya kuma ana iya tura shi a wuraren da walkiya ke haifar da hadari na musamman, kamar wuraren shakatawa na jama'a. An tsara irin wadannan tsare-tsare don gano yanayin da aka yi imanin zai taimaka wa fadakarwar walkiya da kuma ba da gargadi ga wadanda ke kusa da su don ba su damar daukar matakan da suka dace.

 Tsaro na sirri 
Cibiyar Tsaro ta Walkiya ta Kasar Amirka Personal Lightning Safety Tips  National Lightning Safety Institute . Accessed July 2008 tana ba da shawara ga jama'ar Amirka da su yi shiri don kare lafiyarsu lokacin da hadari ya faru kuma su fara shi da zarar an ga walkiya na farko ko aka ji tsawa. Wannan yana da mahimmanci, saboda walkiya na iya tashi ba tare da faduwar ruwan sama ba. Idan za a iya jin aradu kwata-kwata, to akwai hadarin walkiya. Wuri mafi aminci shine cikin gini ko abin hawa. Idan a ciki, guje wa kayan lantarki da famfo, gami da shawa.  Hatsarin ya kasance har zuwa mintuna a kalla 30 bayan walkiya ko tsawa ta karshe.

Cibiyar Tsaro ta Walkiya ta Kasa ta ba da shawarar yin amfani da hanyar FB (flash to boom) don auna nisa zuwa yajin walkiya. Walkiyar walkiya da sakamakon tsawa na faruwa a kusan lokaci guda. Amma haske yana tafiyar kilomita kusan 300,000 a cikin dakika 1, kusan sau miliyoyi gudun sauti. Sauti yana tafiya a hankali cikin sauri kusan 340 m/sec (ya danganta da yanayin zafi), don haka ana ganin walkiyar walkiya kafin a ji aradu. Hanya don tantance tazara tsakanin yajin walkiya da mai kallo ya hada da kirga dakika tsakanin walkiyar walkiya da tsawa. Sannan, a raba uku don tantance tazarar kilomita, ko da biyar tsawon mil. Ya kamata a dauki matakan gaggawa don guje wa walkiya idan lokacin FB ya kasance dakika kimanin 25 ko kasa da haka, ma'ana, idan walkiya ya kusa kusa da 8. km da 5 mil.

Wani rahoto ya nuna cewa ko mutum yana tsaye, yana tsugunne, ko yana kwance a waje yayin da ake tsawa ba kome ba ne, domin walkiya na iya tafiya tare da Kasa; wannan rahoton ya ba da shawarar kasancewa a cikin kakkarfan tsari ko abin hawa ya fi aminci. JONEL ALECCIA, June 20, 2014, NBC News, Debunked: 5 Lightning Myths That Could Kill You, Accessed June 20, 2014 A cikin Amurka, matsakaicin adadin masu mutuwa na shekara-shekara daga walƙiya yana kusan mutuwar mutane 51 a kowace shekara, kodayake kwanan nan, a cikin lokacin shekarata 2009 zuwa 2018, Amurka ta sami matsakaicin asarar walkiya 27 kawai a kowace shekara.  Ayyuka mafi hadari sun hada da kamun kifi, kwale-kwale, zango, da golf.  Mutumin da ya ji rauni ta hanyar walkiya ba ya daukar cajin wutar lantarki, kuma ana iya kula da shi lafiya don neman taimakon gaggawa kafin isowar sabis na gaggawa. Walkiya na iya shafar kwalwar kwakwalwa, wanda ke sarrafa numfashi. Dayton, L (1993). "Science: Secrets of a bolt from the blue", New Scientist, 1904.

Yawancin bincike da aka gudanar a Kudancin Asiya da Afirka sun nuna cewa ba a yi la'akari da illolin walkiya da muhimmanci a can ba. Wata tawagar bincike daga Jami'ar Colombo ta gano cewa ko a unguwannin da suka fuskanci mace-mace sakamakon walkiya, ba a dauki matakan kariya daga guguwar da za ta yi gaba ba. A shekarar 2007 ne aka gudanar da taron kwararru kan yadda za a wayar da kan jama'a game da walkiya da kuma inganta matakan kariya daga walkiya, tare da nuna damuwa cewa kasashe da dama ba su da ka'idojin kafa sandunan walkiya a hukumance. 

 Sanannen al'amura 
Dukkan abubuwan da ke da alaka ko wadanda ake zargi da haifar da lalacewa ana kiran su "haduwar walkiya" saboda abubuwa hudu masu mahimmanci.

 Hujjojin karewar walkiya, a cikin mafi kyawun misalan da aka bincika, su ne kadan (rami a cikin karfe kasa da wurin alƙalami) ko kuma wanda bai dace ba (launi mai duhu).
 Abin da ya faru na iya fashe ko kuma gobarar da ta biyo baya ta lalata duk ƴan yan shaidar da ka iya samuwa nan da nan bayan yajin aikin da kansa.
 Tashar walkiya da fitarwar kanta ba ita ce kadai ke haifar da rauni, konewa, ko lalacewa ba, watau, igiyoyin ruwa na ƙasa ko fashewar abubuwan fashewa.
 Gashin hankalin dan adam bai kai na millise seconds ba a tsawon lokacin walkiyar walkiya, kuma ikon da mutane ke iya lura da wannan al'amari yana ƙarƙashin gazawar kwakwalwar fahimtarsa. Na'urorin gano walkiya suna tafe akan layi, duka tauraron dan adam da na kasa, amma har yanzu ana auna daidaitonsu a cikin daruruwan kafafu zuwa dubunnan kafa, da wuya su ba su damar tantance ainihin wurin da aka dakatarwa.

Kamar yadda irin wannan sau da yawa ba shi da ma'ana, kodayake sai mai yiwuwa walkiyar walkiya ta shiga, don haka rarraba shi a matsayin "al'amarin walkiya" ya rufe dukkan tushe.

 Duniya-daure 

 1660s: A cikin shekarata 1660, walƙiya ta kunna mujallolin bindiga a Osaka Castle, Japan ; Sakamakon fashewar fashewar ya kunna wuta a gidan sarauta. A shekara ta 1665, walkiya ta sake karewa a kan babban hasumiya na katangar, inda ta kunna wuta, wanda daga baya ya kone har zuwa tushe.
 1769: Wani mummunar walkiya ta faru a Brescia, Italiya . Walkiya ta afkawa cocin St. Nazaire, inda ta kona mutane 90 ton na gunpowder a cikin rumbunsa; Sakamakon fashewar ya kashe mutane 3,000 mutane suka lalata kashi shida na birnin. Rakov and Uman, p. 2
 1901: An kashe 11 kuma daya ya shanye a kasa da kwatangwalo ta hanyar wani yajin aiki a Chicago. Lightning kills Eleven , Door County Democrat , Volume 9, Number 28, June 6, 1901
 1902: Yajin walkiya ya lalata sashin sama na Hasumiyar Eiffel, yana bukatar sake gina samansa. La Tour Eiffel – The Eiffel Tower – Paris Things To Do – www.paris-things-to-do.co.uk . Paris-things-to-do.co.uk (2007-01-16). Retrieved on 2012-06-23.
 1970 ga Yuli 12: Babban mast ɗin tashar rediyon Orlunda da ke tsakiyar Sweden ya ruguje bayan wata walkiya ta lalata insulator na tushe.
 1980 Yuni 30: Wata walkiya ta kashe dalibai 11 a makarantar firamare ta Biego a Kenya a gundumar Nyamira ta yau. Wasu almajirai 50 kuma sun sami raunuka, yayin da wasu kuma suka ji rauni. 
 1994 Nuwamba 2: Wata walkiya ta haifar da fashewar tankunan mai a Durunka, Masar, wanda ya haddasa 469 . mace-mace. 
 2005 Oktoba 31: Shanu sittin da takwas sun mutu a wata gona a Fernbrook a kan hanyar Waterfall kusa da Dorrigo, New South Wales, bayan sun shiga cikin lamarin walƙiya. Wasu uku kuma sun samu gurguzu na wani dan lokaci na tsawon sa’o’i da dama, daga baya suka samu cikakkiyar lafiya. Shanun dai suna mafaka ne a kusa da wata bishiya sai walkiya ta same su. Karkashin ƙasa gabaɗaya ya fi na naman dabba girma. Lokacin da aka fitar da makamashi mai yawa a cikin kasa, yan mita sama da kafar dabba, ta cikin jikinta da Kasa sauran kafafu na iya haifar da raguwar juriya ga wutar lantarki kuma daidai gwargwado mafi girma zai gudana ta cikin dabba fiye da Kasa. wanda yake tsaye. Wannan al'amari, da ake kira hawan kasa mai yuwuwa, na iya haifar da girgizar wuta mai mahimmanci da lahani, wanda ya isa ya kashe manyan dabbobi. Samantha Williams, Lightning kills 106 cows. news.com.au (2005-11-03)
 Yuli shekarata 2007: Wata walkiya ta kashe mutane 30 mutane lokacin da ta afkawa Ushari Dara, wani kauyen dutse mai nisa a arewa maso yammacin Pakistan . 
 2011 Yuni 8: An aika da walkiya 77 Iska Tilasta jami'an tsaro zuwa asibiti lokacin da abin ya faru a tsakiyar sansanin horo a Camp Shelby, Mississippi. 
 2013 Fabrairu: An kwantar da yara 9 a Afirka ta Kudu a asibiti bayan da wata walkiya ta faru a filin wasan kurket a makarantarsu, inda ta raunata yara biyar a filin wasa da kuma ‘yan mata hudu da ke tafiya gida. 
 2016 Mayu–Yuni: An soke bikin Rock am Ring da ke kusa da birnin Frankfurt bayan da akalla mutane 80 suka jikkata sakamakon walkiya a yankin.  Bugu da kari. Yara 11 a Faransa da kuma manya uku a Jamus sun ji rauni sannan an kashe mutum daya a kudancin Poland a daidai wannan ranakun. 
 2016 Agusta 26: An kashe wani garke na daji a Hardangervidda a tsakiyar Norway, inda ya kashe 323. Kakakin Hukumar Kula da Muhalli ta Norway Kjartan Knutsen ya ce ba a taba jin adadin wadanda suka mutu irin wannan ba. Ya ce bai sani ba ko an sami wasu hare-hare da dama, amma duk sun mutu a cikin “lokaci daya”. 
 2017: Rikodin rayuwa ta farko na yajin walkiya a kan tsiri na bugun zuciya ya faru a cikin wani saurayi matashi wanda ke da rikodin madauki a matsayin mai saka idanu na zuciya don syncope neurocardiogenic . 
 2018: Wata walkiya ta kashe akalla mutane 16 tare da raunata wasu da dama a wani cocin Seventh-day Adventist a kasar Rwanda . 
 2021: Wata tsawa ta kashe wani yaro dan shekara 9 a wata gona a Blackpool, Ingila. 
 2021: A cikin Afrilu, akalla mutane 76 a duk fadin Indiya sun mutu sakamakon tsautsayi a karshen mako guda; Mutane 23 sun mutu a hasumiya ta Amer Fort, sanannen wurin yawon bude ido a Rajasthan, kuma an kashe 42 a Uttar Pradesh tare da adadin 14 mafi girma da ya faru a birnin Allahabad . A karshe, an kashe kusan 11 a Madhya Pradesh tare da kashe biyu daga cikinsu a lokacin da suke fakewa a karkashin bishiyoyi a lokacin da suke kiwon tumaki.   
 2021: A ranar 04 ga Agusta, an kashe mutane 17 sakamakon wata tsawa daya ta kama a Shibganj Upazila na gundumar Chapainawabganj a Bangladesh; Mutane 16 ne suka mutu nan take yayin da daya kuma ya mutu sakamakon bugun zuciya yayin da ya ga sauran.    

 A cikin jirgin 
Ana yawan afkawa jiragen sama da walƙiya ba tare da lahani ba, tare da buga irin na kasuwanci da aka saba yi aƙalla sau ɗaya a shekara.  Wani lokaci, ko da yake, sakamakon yajin aiki yana da tsanani sosai.

 1963 Disamba 8: Pan Am Flight 214 ya fado a wajen Elkton, Maryland, a lokacin wata mummunar guguwar lantarki, tare da asarar duka 81. fasinjoji da ma'aikatan jirgin. Jirgin Boeing 707-121, mai rijista a matsayin N709PA, yana kan matakin karshe na jirgin San Juan-Baltimore-Philadelphia.
 1969 Nuwamba 14: The Apollo<span typeof="mw:Entity" id="mwAaY">&nbsp;</span>12 manufa ta Saturn Roka V da ionized plume din sa ya zama wani bangare na tashar walkiya mai walkiya 36.5 dakika kadan bayan dagawa. Ko da yake fitar ta faru ne "ta hanyar" fatar karfe da tsarin motar, bai kunna wutar da rokar din ke da shi sosai ba.
 1971 Disamba 24: Jirgin LANSA Flight 508, Lockheed L-188A Electra turboprop, mai rijista OB-R-941, wanda aka tsara a matsayin jirgin fasinja na cikin gida ta Lineas Aéreas Nacionales Sociedad Anonima (LANSA), ya fado bayan wata walƙiya ta kunna tankin mai yayin da yake tafiya. Yana kan hanyarsa daga Lima, Peru, zuwa Pucallpa, Peru, inda ya kashe 91 mutane - duk 6 ma'aikatan jirgin da 85 daga 86 fasinjoji. Wanda ya tsira shine Juliane Koepcke, wanda ya fadi  zuwa cikin gandun daji na Amazon wanda ke daure a kujerarta kuma ta tsira da gaske daga faɗuwar, sannan ta sami damar tafiya cikin daji na tsawon 10. kwanaki har sai da masunta na cikin gida suka ceto ta.
 2012 Nuwamba 4: An bayar da rahoton wani jirgin sama yana fashe a bakin tekun Herne Bay, Kent, yayin da yake cikin jirgin. Hakan bai kasance haka ba; a maimakon haka, jirgin ya zama wani bangare na tashar walƙiya, wanda ya sa masu kallo suka ba da rahoton jirgin kuma sararin samaniya ya bayyana mai haske. 
 2019 May 5: Aeroflot Flight 1492, Sukhoi Superjet 100, a cewar kyaftin din jirgin, walkiya ta same shi a yayin tashinsa, ya lalata na'urorin lantarki tare da tilasta matukan jirgin su yi yunkurin saukar gaggawa. Jirgin ya daki kasa da karfin tsiya ya kama wuta, lamarin da ya cinye jirgin a kan titin jirgin. Daga cikin mutane 78 da ke cikin jirgin, 41 sun mutu. 

 Dan Adam da ya fi kamuwa da cutar 

 Roy Sullivan yana rike da kundin tarihin duniya na Guinness bayan ya tsallake rijiya da baya a wata walkiya daban-daban guda bakwai.  Ya samu raunuka da dama sosai a jikinsa. Most Lightning Strikes Survived. guinnessworldrecords.com (archived)

 Wutar walkiya mafi tsayi 
Wutar walkiya ta shekarar 2020 a kudancin Amurka ta kafa tarihi mafi tsayi da aka taɓa ganowa. Jirgin ya yi nisan mil 477 (kilomita 768) a kan Mississippi, Louisiana, da Texas, duk da cewa yana tsakanin gajimare ne kuma bai taba kasa ba. Hukumar Kula da Yanayi ta Duniya ta tabbatar da matsayinta na karya rikodin a cikin Janairun shekarata 2022.

 Duba wasu abubuwan 

 Fulgurite wani lamari ne na fitarwa na walkiya na CG wanda zai iya haifar da "walkiya mai walkiya", yana nuna babban, duk da takaitaccen adadin kuzarin da aka tura ta hanyar walkiya. Suna iya nunawa a gani yadda makamashi zai iya yaduwa a ciki ko waje daga daya ko dama tsakiya na karshen karshen, da kuma bambance-bambance tsakanin diamita na wadannan tashoshi, wanda ke tsakanin yan mm kawai zuwa santimita da yawa. Yiwuwar kewayon nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan fulgurite sun bambanta da ban mamaki, suna nuna rikitattun kaddarorin lantarki, sinadarai, da zahiri na laka, dutse, ko yawan halittu.
 Matsalolin da ke haifar da geomagnetically abubuwan al'ajabi ne da ke da alaƙa da hasken sararin samaniya, suna haifar da wuce gona da iri da rashin daidaituwa na lantarki wadanda ke tasiri tsarin watsa wutar lantarki da bayanai akan sikeli mai fadi. Filashin EMPs da igiyoyin ruwa na kasa suna aiki iri daya, amma sun fi yawa kuma suna da tasiri da yawa akan fasaha.
 Keraunopathy shine nazarin likita na raunin walkiya da jiyya mai alaƙa.

 Manazarta 

 Hanyoyin hadi na waje 

 Lokacin da walkiya ta afkawa mutane -NASA
 Shafin Tsaro na Walƙiya - Sabis na Yanayi na Kasa Pueblo Colorado 
 Hotunan bidiyo - Bishiyar Beech (Fagus sylvatica) da walƙiya ta afkawa.
Category:Walkiya
Category:Tsawa
Category:Yanayi
Category:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba