Da'irar Latitud

Da'irar latitude ko layin latitude a doron ƙasa madaidaiciyar gabas ce - yamma ƙaramin da'irar da ke haɗa duk wurare a kewayen duniya (yin watsi da ɗagawa) a layin daidaitawa na latitude.

Da'irori na latitude galibi ana kiransu a layi ɗaya saboda sun yi daidai da juna; wato jiragen da ke dauke da kowanne daga cikin wadannan da'irori ba sa rabe -raben juna. A wuri ta wuri tare da wani da'irar latitud da aka ba da ta longitude . Da'irar latitude ba kamar da'irar longitude ba, wacce dukkan manyan da'ira ce tare da tsakiyar Duniya a tsakiya, yayin da da'irar latitude tayi ƙarami yayin da nisa daga Equator ke ƙaruwa. Ana iya lissafin tsayin su ta hanyar aikin sinadari na yau da kullun ko aikin cosine. Hanya ta 60 a layi ɗaya arewa ko kudu rabi ce muddin layin Equator (yin watsi da ƙaramin faɗin duniya da kashi 0.3%). Da'irar latitude daidai take ga duk 'yan meridians . 

A latitud daga cikin da'irar ne kamar kwana tsakanin mazauna da kuma da'irar, da kan kusurwa ta kokuwa a Duniya ta tsakiya. Equator yana kan digiri 0 °, kuma Pole na Arewa da Pole na Kudu suna 90 ° arewa da 90 ° kudu, bi da bi. Equator shine mafi tsawo da'irar latitude kuma shine kawai da'irar latitude wanda shima babban da'ira ne.

Akwai 89 na game (duka digiri ) da'ira na latitud tsakanin mazauna da kuma zura sandunan a kowane yammancin duniya, amma wadannan za a iya raba mafi daidai ma'aunai na latitud, kuma sukan wakilci a matsayin wani gidan goma na digiri (misali 34,637 ° N) ko da minti da daƙiƙa (misali 22 ° 14'26 "S). Za a iya auna ma'aunin latitude zuwa tsayin katako, don haka akwai adadi mai yawa na da'irar latitude a Duniya.

A kan taswira, da'irar latitude na iya zama ko a'a, kuma tazarar su na iya bambanta, gwargwadon abin da ake amfani da shi don yin taswirar saman duniya akan jirgin sama. A kan tsinkayen ma'auni mai daidaituwa, wanda aka dora akan mai daidaitawa, da'irorin latitude suna a kwance, a layi ɗaya, kuma an daidaita su daidai. A kan wasu tsinkayen silinda da sikeli, da'irar latitude a kwance take kuma a layi ɗaya, amma ana iya keɓe ta ba daidai ba don ba da taswirar halaye masu amfani. Misali, akan tsinkayen Mercator da'irar latitude sun fi nisa a kusa da sandunan don kiyaye ma'aunin gida da sifofi, yayin da akan tsinkayen Gall -Peters an keɓe da'irar latitude kusa da sandunan don a kwatanta kwatancen yankin. daidai. A kan yawancin tsinkayen da ba sa-cylindrical da non-pseudocylindrical, da'irar latitude ba madaidaiciya ce ko a layi ɗaya.

Arcs of circles of latitude wani lokaci ana amfani da su a matsayin iyakoki tsakanin ƙasashe ko yankuna inda aka rasa iyakokin halitta na musamman (kamar a cikin hamada), ko lokacin da aka zana iyakar wucin gadi azaman "layi akan taswira", wanda aka yi shi da sikelin Taron Berlin na 1884, game da manyan sassan nahiyar Afirka. Kasashen Arewacin Amurka da jihohi ma galibi an ƙirƙira su ta hanyar madaidaiciya, waɗanda galibi ɓangarori ne na da'ira. Misali, iyakar Colorado ta arewa tana kan 41 ° N yayin da iyakar kudancin take a 37 ° N. Kimanin rabin iyakar iyaka tsakanin Amurka da Kanada yana biye da 49 ° N.

 Manyan da'irori na latitude 
Akwai manyan da'irori biyar na latitude, da aka jera a ƙasa daga arewa zuwa kudu. An daidaita matsayin Equator (digiri 90 daga juzu'in Duniya na juyawa) amma latitudes na sauran da'irori sun dogara da karkatar da wannan axis dangane da jirgin da ke kewaye da Duniya, don haka ba a daidaita su sosai. Ƙimar da ke ƙasa don 2 August 2021 : 

 Da'irar Arctic ( 66°33′48.7″ N)
 Tropic of Cancer ( 23°26′11.3″ N)
 Mai daidaitawa (0 ° latitude)
 Tropic na Capricorn ( 23°26′11.3″ S)
 Da'irar Antarctic ( 66°33′48.7″ S)

Waɗannan da'irori na latitude, ban da Equator, suna nuna rarrabuwa tsakanin manyan mazhabobi biyar.

 Layin Equator 
Mai daidaitawa shine da'irar da ta daidaita daga Pole ta Arewa da Pole ta Kudu . Yana raba Duniya zuwa Yankin Arewa da Kudancin Duniya. Daga cikin kamanceceniya ko da'irar latitude, ita ce mafi tsawo, kuma ita ce kawai ' babban da'irar ' (da'ira a farfajiyar Duniya, wanda ke tsakiyar cibiyar Duniya). Duk sauran daidaitattun sun fi ƙanƙanta kuma an mai da su ne kawai akan axis na Duniya.
 Ƙasar Equator

 Da'irorin Polar 
Yankin Arctic shine yanki mafi nisa a kudancin Arewacin duniya inda rana za ta iya cigaba da kasancewa sama ko ƙasa da sararin sama na awanni 24 (a cikin watan Yuni da Disamba bi da bi). Hakazalika, da'irar Antarctic tana nuna yankin arewa mafi nisa a Kudancin inda rana za ta iya ci gaba da kasancewa sama ko ƙasa a sararin sama na awanni 24 (a watan Disamba da Yuni na Solstices bi da bi).

Latitude na iyakacin duniya daidai yake da 90 ° debe karkacewar axial ta Duniya.
 Yankin Arctic  Yankin Antarctic

 Da'irori masu zafi 
Tropic na Ciwon daji da Tropic na Capricorn alama ce ta arewacin arewa da kudu inda za a iya ganin rana kai tsaye (a ƙarshen watan Yuni da ƙarshen watan Disamba bi da bi).

Latitude na da'irar wurare masu zafi daidai yake da karkacewar ƙasa.
 Tropic na Ciwon daji  Tropic na Capricorn

 Motsi na Tropical da Polar Circles 
Ta hanyar ma'ana, matsayin Tropic of Cancer, Tropic of Capricorn, Arctic Circle da Antarctic Circle duk sun dogara ne da karkatar gindin duniyar dangane da jirgin da ke kewaye da rana (ƙanƙancewar yanayin duhu '). Idan Duniya ta kasance "madaidaiciya" (ginshiƙinta a kusurwoyin dama zuwa jirgin sama mai kewaya) da babu Arctic, Antarctic, ko Tropical circles: a cikin sandunan rana koyaushe tana zagaye tare da sararin sama, kuma a ma'aunin rana koyaushe tashi saboda gabas, wuce kai tsaye sama, kuma saita yamma.

Matsayin Tropical da Polar Circles ba a gyara ba saboda karkatar da axial tana canzawa sannu a hankali - motsi mai rikitarwa wanda aka ƙaddara ta fifikon juzu'i daban -daban (wasu waɗanda aka bayyana a ƙasa) tare da gajeru zuwa dogon lokaci. A shekara ta 2000 miladiyya ƙimar karkatar ta kusan 23 ° 26 ′ 21.406 ″ (bisa ga IAU 2006, ka'idar P03).

Babban sake zagayowar na dogon lokaci yana haifar da karkacewar axial tsakanin 22.1 ° da 24.5 ° tare da tsawon shekaru 41,000. A halin yanzu, matsakacin darajar karkatar yana raguwa da kusan 0.468 ″ a shekara. A sakamakon haka, (kusan, kuma a matsakaita) Tropical Circles suna karkacewa zuwa mai daidaitawa (da Polar Circles zuwa sandunan) ta mita 15 a kowace shekara, kuma yankin Tropics yana raguwa da  a kowace shekara.

Karkacewar ƙasa tana da ƙarin bambance-bambance na ɗan gajeren lokaci saboda ƙoshin abinci, wanda babban lokacin, tare da tsawon shekaru 18.6, yana da girman 9.2 ”(daidai da kusan mita 300 arewa da kudu).  Akwai ƙaramin sharudda da yawa, wanda ke haifar da sauye-sauye na yau da kullum na wasu mita a kowace hanya.

A ƙarshe, madaidaicin jujjuyawar duniya ba a daidaita shi a cikin ƙasa, amma yana fuskantar ƙananan juzu'i (akan tsari na mita 15) wanda ake kira motsi na polar, wanda ke da ƙaramin tasiri akan Tropics da Polar Circles da kuma a kanin lay Equator.

Canje-canje na ɗan gajeren lokaci a cikin kwanaki  ba sa yin tasiri kai tsaye a wurin matsanancin latitudes inda rana za ta iya fitowa kai tsaye, ko kuma a cikin awanni 24 na dare ko dare, mai yiwuwa, sai dai idan da gaske suna faruwa a lokacin solstices. Maimakon haka, suna haifar da sauye -sauyen ka'idoji na kamanceceniya, wanda zai faru idan an kiyaye karkatar da aka bayar a cikin shekara.

Za'a iya ayyana waɗannan da'irarori latitude akan sauran duniyoyin da ke da karkacewar axial dangane da jiragen su na kewaya. Abubuwa kamar Pluto tare da karkatattun kusurwoyin da suka fi digiri 45 za su sami da'irarorin wurare masu zafi kusa da sandunan kuma kusurwoyin kusa da maƙiyan.

 Sauran daidaitattun layikan 
An yi niyya an ƙaddara yawan iyakokin ƙasashe da na ƙasashe don a ayyana su, ko kuma a kimanta su ta hanyar daidaituwa. Daidaici yana yin iyakoki masu dacewa a cikin arewacin duniya saboda ana iya auna ma'aunin tauraron dan Adam (zuwa tsakanin fewan mitoci) ta hanyar ganin Tauraron Arewa .
ParallelDescription81°NIn Svalbard, Norway, the northern and southern limits of the area comprised by the Svalbard Treaty of 9. February 1920.74°N70°NOn Victoria Island, Canada, two sections of the border between Northwest Territories and Nunavut.60°NIn Canada, the southern border of Yukon with the northern border of British Columbia; the southern border of Northwest Territories with the northern borders of British Columbia, Alberta and Saskatchewan; and the southern border of mainland Nunavut with the northern border of Manitoba, leading to the expression "north of sixty" for the territories.54°40'NThe border between 19th century Russian territories to the north and conflicting American and British land claims in western North America.  The conflicting claims led to the Oregon boundary dispute between Britain and the United States, giving rise to the slogan "Fifty-four forty or fight."52°NIn Canada, part of the border between Newfoundland and Labrador and Quebec.51°NThe southern limit of Russian America from 1799 to 1821.49°NMuch of the border between Canada and the United States, from British Columbia to Manitoba; "49th parallel" is a common expression for the border, though the majority of Canada's population actually lives south of the parallel.48°NIn Canada, part of the border between Quebec and New Brunswick.46°NIn the United States, part of the border between Washington and Oregon.45°NApproximates the portion of the Canada–United States border between Quebec (Canada) and New York and Vermont (US). Also approximates most of the border between Montana and Wyoming.43°30'NIn the US, the border between Minnesota and Iowa.43°NIn the US, much of the border between South Dakota and Nebraska.42°30'NIn the US, the border between Wisconsin and Illinois.42°NOriginally the northward limit of New Spain.  In the US, the southern borders of Oregon and Idaho where they meet the northern borders of California, Nevada and Utah. The parallel also defines much of the border between Pennsylvania and New York.41°NIn the US, part of the border between Wyoming and Utah, the border between Wyoming and Colorado, and part of the border between Nebraska and Colorado.40°NIn the US, the border between Nebraska and Kansas. The parallel was originally chosen for the Mason–Dixon line, but the line was moved several miles south to avoid bisecting the city of Philadelphia.38°NThe boundary between the Soviet and American occupation zones in Korea, and later between North Korea and South Korea, from 1945 until the Korean War (1950–1953).37°NIn the US, the southern border of Utah with the northern border of Arizona. The southern border of Colorado with the northern borders of New Mexico and Oklahoma. The southern border of Kansas with the northern border of Oklahoma.36°30'Nthumb|100x100pxThe historic Missouri Compromise line. In the US, defines part of the border between Oklahoma and Texas, most of the border between Missouri and Arkansas. Geographically it is a Westward extension of the border between Virginia and North Carolina and part of the border between Kentucky and Tennessee.36°NIn the US, a short section of the border between the Missouri Bootheel and Arkansas.35°NIn the US, the southern border of Tennessee, which meets Mississippi, Alabama and Georgia. Also, part of the border between North Carolina and Georgia.33°NIn the US, the southern border of Arkansas, which meets the northern border of Louisiana, is approximated by the parallel. Historically, it defined the southern border of the Louisiana Territory.32°NIn the US, part of the border between New Mexico and Texas.31°20'NPart of the border between the US and Mexico (Sonora and Chihuahua); the southern border of Arizona and the New Mexico Bootheel.31°NPart of the border between Iran and Iraq. In the US, part of the border between Mississippi and Louisiana, and part of the border between Alabama and Florida.28°NIn Mexico, the border between Baja California and Baja California Sur.26°NPart of the border between Western Sahara (claimed by Morocco) and  Mauritania.25°NPart of the border between Mauritania and Mali.22°NMuch of the border between Egypt and Sudan, partly disputed (see also Hala'ib Triangle).20°NA short section of the border between Libya and Sudan, and within Sudan, the northern border of the Darfur region.17°NThe division between Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) and Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) during the Vietnam War.15°Nde facto maritime border between Honduras and Nicaragua.13°05'NPart of the border between Chad and Cameroon, over a stretch of 41.6 km, partly in Lake Chad10°NPart of the border between Guinea and Sierra Leone.8°NPart of the border between Somalia and Ethiopia.1°NPart of the border between Equatorial Guinea and Gabon.1°SMost of the border between Uganda and Tanzania, and a very short section of the border between Kenya and Tanzania in Lake Victoria.7°SA short section of the border between Democratic Republic of the Congo and Angola.8°STwo short sections of the border between Democratic Republic of the Congo and Angola.10°SA short section of the border between Brazil and Peru.13°SPart of the border between Angola and Zambia.16°SPart of the border between Mozambique and Zimbabwe.22°SA short section of the border between Namibia and Botswana, and parts of the border between Bolivia and Argentina.26°SIn Australia, the border between South Australia and the Northern Territory, and part of the border between South Australia and Queensland.28°SIn Argentina, the border between Chaco Province and Santa Fe Province.29°SIn Australia, much of the border between Queensland and New South Wales.35°SIn Argentina, part of the border between Córdoba Province and La Pampa Province.36°SIn Argentina, part of the border between Mendoza Province and La Pampa Province, and part of the border between San Luis Province and La Pampa Province.42°SIn Argentina, the border between Río Negro Province and Chubut Province.46°SIn Argentina, the border between Chubut Province and Santa Cruz Province.52°SPart of the border between Argentina and Chile.60°SThe northern boundary of Antarctica for the purposes of the Antarctic Treaty System (see map). The northern boundary of the Southern Ocean.

 Tashi 
Yawancin lokaci ana bayyana da'irar latitude a tsayin sifili. Haɓaka yana da tasiri a wuri dangane da jirgin da aka ƙera ta da'irar latitude. Tun da (a cikin tsarin geodetic ) ana ƙaddara tsayi da zurfin ta hanyar al'ada zuwa farfajiyar duniya, wurare da ke raba madaidaiciya iri ɗaya — amma suna da matsayi daban-daban (watau kwance tare da wannan al'ada) — ba sa kwance a cikin wannan jirgin. Maimakon haka, duk abubuwan da ke raba r madaidaiciya — amma na ɗimbin tsayi da tsayi — suna mamaye saman mazugin da aka yanke ta jujjuyawar wannan al'ada a kewayen juzu'in Duniya.

 Duba kuma 
 Da'irori na wani yanki
 Jerin da'ira na latitude 

 Hanyoyin waje 
 US Naval Observatory - yana nufin ƙanƙantar da duhu 

Manazarta
Category:Da'ira
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