Apollo and Daphne (Bernini)

Apollo da Daphne wani babban zane ne na Baroque wanda mai zane-zanen Gian Lorenzo Bernini, wanda aka zartar tsakanin 1622 da 1625.Harris, Ann Sutherland (2008). Seventeenth-Century Art and Architecture. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education Inc A cikin Galleria Borghese da ke Rome, aikin yana nuna ƙarshen labarin Apollo da Daphne ( Phoebus da Daphne ) a cikin Ovid 's Metamorphoses.Hibbard 1990, p. 40. 

 Tarihi 
Siffar ta kasance ta ƙarshe daga ayyukan zane-zane da Cardinal Scipione Borghese ya ba da izini, tun farkon aikin Bernini.Harris, Ann Sutherland (2008). Seventeenth-Century Art and Architecture. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education Inc An ba Apollo da Daphne izini bayan Borghese ya ba da aikin farko na taimakonsa, Bernini's (The Rape of Proserpina), zuwa (Cardinal Ludovico Ludovisi) . Hibbard 1990, p. 38.

Yawancin ayyukan farko an yi su ne a 1622-23, amma ɗan hutu, mai yuwuwa don yin aiki a kan sassaka gumakan Bernini naPetersson 2002, p. 80., ya katse aikinsa, kuma Bernini bai gama aikin ba sai 1625. Lallai, ba a sassaka sassaka sashin kansa zuwa Villa Borghese na Kadinal har sai Satumba 1625. Wittkower 1955, p. 240. Bernini bai aiwatar da sassakawar da kansa ba; yana da gagarumar taimako daga memba na bita, Giuliano Finelli, wanda ya dauki nauyin zane-zanen bayanan da ke nuna musanyawar Daphne daga mutum zuwa itace, kamar su bawo da rassa, da kuma gashinta mai iska. Mormando 2011, p. 45. Wasu masana tarihi, duk da haka, sun rage mahimmancin gudummawar Finelli. Fenton 2000, p. 94.

Duk da yake ana iya yin godiya da sassaka daga kusurwa da yawa, Bernini ya shirya don a kalle shi kaɗan daga dama saboda ana iya ganin aikin daga ƙofar inda yake.Ovid (More) Metamorphoses, Book I  Kallon sassaka daga wannan kusurwa ya bawa mai kallo damar ganin halayen Apollo da Daphne a lokaci guda, saboda haka fahimtar labarin labarin a lokaci ɗaya, ba tare da buƙatar matsawa wuri ba. Hibbard 1990, p. 40. Koyaya, daga baya an sassaka sassakawar zuwa tsakiyar ɗakin. 

 Iconography 
Lokacin da Phoebus (Apollo), wanda kidan mai farin ciki na Cupid, ya ga Daphne, 'yar budurwa Peneus, allahn kogi, sai ya cika da mamakin kyawunta kuma sha'awar ta cinye shi. Amma Daphne ta kasance mai cin nasara da kibiyar mai hana soyayya ta Cupid kuma ta musanta kaunar mutane.Ovid (Kline)Metamorphoses, Book I [1]. Yayin da Nymph ta gudu haka yake bi da ita babu gaira babu dalili — yin alfahari, roko, da kuma alkawarin komai. Lokacin da ƙarshen ƙarfinta ya ƙare sai ta yi addu'a ga mahaifinta Peneus:

Duk da haka Phoebus bai rasa sha'awar Daphne ba:

 Maraba mai mahimmanci 
Yabon Apollo da Daphne ya ci gaba duk da raguwar mutuncin Bernini bayan mutuwarsa. Wani matafiyi dan kasar Faransa a cikin 1839 yayi sharhi cewa kungiyar tana "mamakin fasahar fasaha da kuma karin bayani, tana cike da kayatarwa a cikin taron da kuma bayanan." Valery 1839, p. 596. Wata mujallar adabi ta karni na 19 ta ɗauka shi kaɗai aikin Bernini wanda ya cancanci yabo na dindindin. Campbell 1830, p. 99. Sauran ba su da tabbas. Wani marubucin balaguro dan Ingilishi a 1829 ya lura da fasahar fasaha ta Bernini amma ya kara da cewa sassaka "tana dauke da duk wata bukata ta hukunci, dandano, da ilimin wancan zamanin", yana ci gaba da sukar bayyanar Apollo saboda ya zama kamar makiyayi kuma bai isa kamar wani allah. New Monthly Magazine 1829, p. 276.

Oriwararrun masana tarihi na kwanan nan sun fi kyau. Robert Torsten Petersson ya kira shi "babban gwanin ban mamaki Dickerson, III, C. D. (2012). Bernini: Sculpting in Clay. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. ISBN 9781588394729.... ya wadatar da kuzarin da ke aiki daga dabarun laurel da na Apollo da na drapery." Petersson 2002, p. 80.

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