Harshen Kalanga

Kalanga , ko TjiKalanga (a Zimbabwe), yare ne na Bantu wanda mutanen Kalanga ke magana da ita a Botswana da Zimbabwe. Tana da adadi mai yawa na sautunan murya, wanda ya haɗa da kalmomin faɗar baki, masu jujjuya ra'ayi, waɗanda ake so da kuma baƙin da ke da muryar numfashi,  har ma da masu sibilan da aka busa.Mathangwane, Joyce T. (1999). Ikalanga phonetics and phonology: a synchronic and diachronic study. Stanford, CA: CSLI Publications.

Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Zimbabwe na shekarar 2013 ya amince da Kalanga a matsayin yare na hukumar kasan kuma ana koyar da shi a makarantu a wuraren da masu magana da shi suka fi yawa.

 Rabe-rabe da ire-Ire 
Masana ilimin harsuna suna sanya Kalanga (S.16 a rarrabuwa na Guthrie ) da yaren a Nambya (a yankin Hwange na Zimbabwe) a matsayin reshen yamma na rukunin Shona (ko Shonic, ko Shona-Nyai) ƙungiyar rukuni na harsuna, gaba ɗaya an tsara su kamar S.10.

Yaren Kalanga na da bambancin yare tsakanin na Botswana da na Zimbabwe kuma suna amfani da salon magana daban daban. A tarihance, Wentzel ya ambaci Kalanga daidai a gabas da Lilima (Tjililima, Humbe) a yamma, da kuma ire-iren yanzu da suke da yawa ko suka shuɗe: Nyai (Rozvi), Lemba (Remba), Lembethu (Rembethu), Twamamba (Xwamamba), Pfumbi, Jaunda (Jawunda, Jahunda), and † Romwe, † Peri, † Talahundra (Talaunda).Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. New Updated Guthrie List Online.Wentzel, Petrus Johannes (1981). The Relationship between Venda and Western Shona. Ph.D. Thesis. Univ. of South Africa.  

 Fasaha 

 Bakandamiya 
LabialDentalAlveolarPost-<br id="mwNA"><br>alveolarPalatalVelarGlottalplainalveolarplainlab.plainlab.plainlab.plainlab.Plosivevoiceless()voicedprenasalaspiratedbreathyejective()AffricatevoicelessvoicedprenasalaspiratedbreathyejectiveFricativevoiceless()()voicedNasalTrillApproximantlateralcentralbreathy

 Phonemes  faruwa ne kawai a matsayin mahimman sautunan sauti
 Sauti  sauti ne da aka aro daga Tswana.Mathangwane, Joyce T. (1999). Ikalanga phonetics and phonology: a synchronic and diachronic study. Stanford, CA: CSLI Publications.

 Wasula 
Yaren Kalanga yana da tsarin wasali biyar na yau da kullun:
 Gaba Tsakiya Baya Kusa   Tsakiyar   Buɗe 

 Bibliyo 

 Chebanne, AM & Rodewald, M. K & Pahlen, KW (1995) Ngatikwaleni iKalanga: littafin rubuta Kalanga kamar yadda ake magana a Botswana . Gaborone: Kungiyar Botswana.
 Chebanne, Andy & Schmidt, Daniel (2010). "Kalanga: Nahawu takaitaccen lafazi". Cape Town: CASAS zane mai lamba 75.
 Letsholo, R. (2013). "Alamomin abubuwa a Ikalanga" . Gano Harshe . Kwalejin Dartmouth.
 Mathangwane, Joyce T. (1999) Ikalanga sautikan magana da sauti: a synchronic da diachronic binciken. Stanford, CA: Labaran CSLI.

 Hanyoyin haɗin waje 

 Bangaren yare na rukunin gidan yanar gizon Kungiyar Hadin Kai da Cigaban Al'adu

http://talkingdictionary.swarthmore.edu/kalanga/
 Manazarta 

Category:Harsuna
Category:Yarukan Zimbabwe
Category:Yarukan Botswana
Category:Yarukan Shona
Category:Kalanga