Iyakar Kamaru da Najeriya

Iyakar Kamaru da Najeriya sun kai tsawon 1,975 km (1,227 m) kuma runs daga tripoint tare da Chadi a arewa zuwa tekun Atlantic a kudu.CIA World Factbook – Cameroon, retrieved 29 January 2020 

 Bayani 
Iyakar ta fara ne daga arewa a wani yanki fuska uku tare da Chadi a Tafkin Chadi, yana ratsawa ta cikin tafkin ta hanyar layin NW-SE kai tsaye har zuwa gabar kogin Ebedi."Brownlie, Ian (1979). African Boundaries: A Legal and Diplomatic Encyclopedia. Institute for International Affairs, Hurst and Co. pp. 553–87  Iyakar ta bi wannan kogin yayin da yake gudana zuwa kudu maso gabas, kafin ya juya zuwa kudu, yana cigaba da kan hanya ta wannan hanyar ta hanyar jerin layukan da ba daidai ba da wasu ƙananan koguna (kamar Kalia).Brownlie, Ian (1979). African Boundaries: A Legal and Diplomatic Encyclopedia. Institute for International Affairs, Hurst and Co. pp. 553–87  A kusancin yanki na 11 ° 30 iyakar ta juya zuwa kudu maso yamma, ta juya arewa maso yamma a garin Banki, sannan kuma kudu maso yamma ta hanyar tsaunukan Mandara da tsaunukan Atlantika, wasu lokutan suna amfani da koguna kamar su Mayo Tiel da Benue . A kusan kwatankwacin 6 ° 30 iyakar ta canza zuwa yamma, ta yin amfani da layuka marasa tsari da koguna kamar su Donga, kafin a ci gaba ta hanyar kudu maso yamma ta hanyoyin layuka daban-daban da koguna (kamar Cross da Akwayafe ), kafin a shiga fafatawa da Benin da ke yamma da yankin Bakassi . 

 Tarihi 
Birtaniyya ta (ta hanyar Kamfanin Royal Niger Company ) ta gudanar da yankin da ke kusa da Legas tun daga shekarar 1861 da Kare Ruwan Kare Mai ( Calabar sune yankin) tun daga 1884.International Boundary Study No. 92 – Cameroon-Nigeria Boundary (PDF), 21 November 1974, retrieved 11 June 2021.  Yayin da Birtaniyya ta faɗaɗa zuwa cikin gida, an ƙirƙiri yankuna biyu - --ancin Karu na Kudancin Najeriya da kuma Kare Arewacin Najeriya .  A cikin shekarar 1900 aka mayar da ragamar mulkin wadannan yankuna ga gwamnatin Burtaniya, tare da Arewa da Kudancin (gami da Lagos da Calabar) wadanda suka hade a matsayin mallakar Najeriya a shekarar 1914.  A halin da ake ciki, game da yankin na Scramble for Africa, Jamus ta yi ikirarin Kamaru ( Kamerun ) a watan Yulin shekarata 1884.   Rabe-Raben kasashen ya ƙare a taron Berlin na 1884, wanda ƙasashen Turai da abin ya shafa suka amince da da'awar ƙasashensu da ƙa'idojin shiga tsakani.
A watan Afrilu zuwa Yunin 1885 Burtaniya da Jamus suka rattaba hannu kan wata yarjejeniya da ke nuna kan iyaka a yankunan kudancin Najeriya da Kamaru ta amfani da Rio del Rey da Kuros Riba.   Iyakar ta faɗaɗa zuwa arewa har zuwa Yola a watan Yuli  zuwa Agusta shekara ta 1886.   Rashin jituwa game da wurin da kogunan da aka ambata a cikin waɗannan yarjejeniyoyin suka haifar da wata yarjejeniya a ranar 1 gawatan  Yuli shekara ta 1890 gyaggyara ɓangaren kudancin iyakar, wanda aka bayyana ta hanyar yarjejeniyar juna a ranar 14 ga watan Afrilu shekara ta 1893   Yarjejeniyar 15 Nuwamba Nuwamba shekara ta 1893 sannan ta fadada iyakar arewa zuwa Tafkin Chadi; an bayyana wannan sashin a daki-daki a ranar 19 ga watan Maris shekara ta 1906.   Sannan an tabbatar da dukkanin iyakar ta hanyar yarjejeniya tsakanin Fabrairu – Maris shekara ta 1909 zuwa  Maris – Afrilu shekara ta  1913.  

Lokacin da Yaƙin Duniya na Farko ya ɓarke a shekara ta 1914, Kasar Birtaniyya da Faransa suka mamaye Kamaru kuma daga ƙarshe suka kayar da Jamusawa a cikin shekarar 1916. a ranar 22 ga watan  Yuni shekara ta  1922 Kamaru ta zama ƙungiyar League of Nations, tare da yawancin yan mulkin mallaka suna zuwa Faransa, kuma ƙananan yankuna tare iyakar Najeriya ( Kamaru ta Arewa da Kudancin Kamaru, tsohon ya kasu kashi biyu) a yamma zuwa Biritaniya.   Umurnin Birtaniyya a cikin Majalisar na 26 ga watan  Yuni shekara ta 1923 ya bayyana cewa tun daga yanzu yankunan da Birtaniyya ta ba da izini za a yi la’akari da tsarin mulki don zama wani yanki na Najeriya.  Iyaka tsakanin Biritaniya da Faransanci an kayyade su a cikin shekara ta 1930 sannan kuma aka ƙare a ranar 9 gawatan Janairu shekara ta 1931.   Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta tabbatar da wannan tsari na izini / wakilci a shekarar 1946.  A ranar 2 ga watan Agusta a waccan shekarar Burtaniya ta kammala iyakar tsakanin Arewacin da Kudancin Kamaru, wanda a yau ya zama mafi yawan sassan Jihar Taraba na kan iyakar.  

Yayinda gwagwarmayar neman yanci daga mulkin mallaka ta karu a bayan yakin duniya na biyu, Burtaniya da Faransa a hankali suka ba da karin 'yanci na siyasa da wakilci ga yankunansu na Afirka.  Kamaru ta sami cikakken 'yanci a watan Janairun 1960, sannan Najeriya ta biyo baya a watan Oktoban shekaran.   A watan Fabrairun 1961 aka gudanar da wani taron sasantawa game da makomar aikin Kamaru na Burtaniya, sakamakon haka 'yan Kamaru na Arewa suka zabi shiga Najeriya da Kudancin Kamaru suka zabi shiga Kamaru, ta yadda aka gyara kan iyaka a yadda take a yanzu.   

A shekarar 1994 an gabatar da takaddama game da mallakar yankin Bakassi zuwa Kotun Duniya, inda ta yanke hukuncin cewa yankin mallakar Kamaru ne a shekar ta 2002. Mike Chinedu Anekwe, ICJ ruling on Bakassi: Matters arising , Nigeriaworld.com, 27 December 2002 Duk da tsananin adawa da hukuncin a cikin Najeriya, amma an mika yankin ga Kamaru a tsakanin shekarun 2006-08.  Adawa tsakanin Bakassi da mamayar Kamaru ya haifar da rikicin Bakassi, wanda ya hade zuwa wani mataki tare da Rikicin Anglophone mafi girma a kasar, tare da neman babban murya don raba tsoffin Kamaru Kudancin kamar Ambazonia . Cameroon's Separatists Intensify Attacks to Protest Dialogue, Voice of America, Sep 24, 2019. Accessed Sep 26, 2019.  Yankin arewacin sashen iyaka a halin yanzu ya sha fama da rikicin Boko Haram a 'yan shekarun nan."Boko Haram conflict: Nigerian allies launch offensive". BBC. 8 March 2015. Archived from the original on 22 August 2018. A ranar 27 ga watan Yunin 2024 ne Kamaru da Najeriya suka cimma matsaya a wani zama na musamman na kwamitin hadin gwiwa karo na 20. Najeriya ta amince da cewa ba za ta mika batun ga kotun kasa da kasa domin warware matsalolin da suka rage a kan iyakokin kasar ba. Moki Edwin Kindzeka, Cameroon, Nigeria agree to end border dispute, voanews.com, 28 June 2024

 Mazauna kusa da kan iyaka 

 Kamaru 

 Najeriya 

 Ketare kan iyaka 
Manyan hanyoyin sun hada da Banki (NGA) - Mora (CMR) a arewa da Mfum (NGA) - Mamfe (CMR) a kudu. Ben West (2011) Bradt Travel Guide - Cameroon, pg. 54 Williams, Lizzie, (2012) Bradt Travel Guide - Nigeria, pgs. 59-60

 Duba kuma 

 Kamaru –Hanyoyin Najeriya

 Manazarta 

Category:Iyakan kasa da kasa
Category:Iyakan Najeriya
Category:Iyakan Kamaru
Category:Iyakar Kamaru da Najeriya