Nikola Tesla

Nikola Tesla (an haifeshi 10 ga watan  Yuli a shekara ta  1856,  ya Kuma mutu ne 7 ga watan  Janairu a shekara ta 1943), mai ƙirƙira ne ɗan asalin Kuroshiya da Amurka, injiniyan lantarki, inji m da kuma likita . An Kuma fi saninsa da gudummawar da yake bayarwa don tsara tsarin samar da wutar lantarki ta alternating current (AC),  ta zamani.  An haife shi a ƙauyen Smiljan, a wani ɓangare na tsohuwar ƙasar Austria-Hungary wacce yanzu take Croatia . Daga baya ya zama Ba'amurke .

Tesla ya sami aikinsa na farko a Budapest a cikin shekara ta (1882), yana aiki a kamfanin waya . Bayan 'yan shekaru sai ya koma Amurka. Ko a rayuwarsa ta farko, yana kirkirar abubuwa. Abun sanannen kirkirensa shine injin lantarki wanda zai iya tafiya da kyau akan wutar AC. Tesla ya mutu ne sakamakon ciwon jijiyoyin jiki a wani ɗakin otal a Manhattan, New York City a ranar( 7)  ga watan Janairun (1943).

 Tarihin rayuwa 
An haifi Tesla ne a ranar 10 ga watan Yulin, 1856 a Smiljan, Daular Austro-Hungary ( Croatia ta yau).  Mahaifin Tesla, Milutin Tesla, firist ne a Cocin Orthodox na Serbia . Mahaifiyarsa, Georgina Djuka kuma ta kasance ƙwarewa wajen ƙirƙirar kayan aikin gida masu amfani. Ko da ta kasance 'yar malamin Cocin Orthodox na Sabiya. Kodayake tana da wayo sosai kuma tana da kyakkyawar ƙwaƙwalwa, (ta san dubunnan layuka daga "Gorski Vijenac" na Petar Petrovic Njegos) dole ne ta kula da heran uwanta lokacin da mahaifiyarsa, Sofia Budisavljevic, ta mutu. Mahaifiyar Nikola Tesla ta kasance babban tasiri a kansa. Duk iyayensa an haife su a Lika, Croatia. Ya kasance shine ɗa na huɗu cikin biyar. Yana da kane, Dane, wanda ya mutu lokacin da Tesla ke da shekaru 5, da ƙannen mata biyu, Angelina da Milka, da kuma wata ƙanwarsa, Marica.  Tesla, wanda ya ƙaunaci kimiyya, ya ji tsoron cewa bayan mutuwar ɗan'uwansa ba da gangan ba dole ne ya ci gaba da al'adar iyali ya zama firist. Bayan ya kammala karatu a wata babbar makarantar sakandare a Karlovac, Croatia, sai ya koma bishara a lokacin bazara don ganin danginsa kuma kusan ya mutu da cutar kwalara. Ya tambayi mahaifinsa idan zai iya karatun aikin injiniya idan ta hanyar mu'ujiza ya rayu, kuma mahaifin ya yi wa ɗansa da yake mutuwa alƙawarin tura shi zuwa mafi kyawun makaranta a duk duniya. Nikola ya sami lafiya sosai kuma mahaifinsa ya tura shi karatu a Kwalejin Tecnical da ke Graz, Austria, a 1875.

Tesla yana da aikin waya da injiniyan lantarki kafin ya koma Amurka a shekarar 1884 don yi wa Thomas Edison aiki . Sun yi sabani kuma ba da daɗewa ba Tesla ya fara aiki da kansa tare da sauran mutanen da ke saka hannun jari a cikin aikinsa. Ya kafa dakunan gwaje-gwaje da kamfanoni don haɓaka kewayon na'urorin lantarki. Motarsa ta AC wacce take da ikon mallakar ( injin shigar da wuta) da mai canza wuta ya sami lasisi daga masanin masana'antar Ba'amurke George Westinghouse .
Westinghouse ya yi hayar Tesla na shekara guda don taimakawa haɓaka tsarin wutar lantarki ta amfani da madadin na yanzu . Fa'idar da ta yadu da canzawar yanzu shine amfani da tiransifoma don watsa wutar lantarki mai nisa. Tesla ne ma aka sani da ya high-ƙarfin lantarki, high-mita ikon gwaje-gwajen a New York da kuma Colorado Springs, Colorado wanda hada da qirqire-qirqire da kuma ra'ayoyin amfani da sabuwar dabara na rediyo sadarwa,  domin X-ray gwaje-gwajen, kuma ya m ƙoƙari don watsawar mara waya a duniya a cikin aikinsa na Wardenclyffe Tower wanda ba a kammala ba. 

Nasarorin Tesla sun sa shi shahara sosai. Hakanan iyawarsa ta zama ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, yana nuna abubuwan kirkirar abubuwan ban mamaki.  Kodayake ya sami kuɗi da yawa daga abubuwan mallakarsa, ya kashe kuɗi da yawa kan gwaje-gwajensa. Ya rayu tsawon rayuwarsa a cikin jerin otal-otal a cikin Birnin New York. Ofarshen samun izinin mallakarsa da kuma fatarar kuɗi ya haifar da shi rayuwa cikin mawuyacin hali.  Har yanzu Tesla ya ci gaba da gayyatar manema labarai zuwa bukukuwan da ya yi a ranar haihuwarsa don sanar da sabbin abubuwan da ya ke yi da kuma yin maganganu (wani lokacin abu ne daban).   Saboda kalamansa masu ban al'ajabi ba tare da sakamako ko hujja ba, Tesla ya sami suna a cikin al'adun da aka shahara a matsayin babban masanin "mahaukacin masanin kimiyya".  Ya mutu a cikin daki na 3327 na Otal din New Yorker a ranar 7 ga Janairun 1943.

Aikin Tesla ya faɗi cikin duhu na ɗangi bayan mutuwarsa, amma tun daga shekarun 1990, sanannensa ya sami dawowa cikin al'adun gargajiya .  Aikinsa da kuma ada ƙirƙirãwa ne ma a tsakiyar yawa theories kuma sun kuma an yi amfani da su goyi bayan daban-daban pseudosciences, UFO theories da New Age kungiyar asiri zata . A cikin 1960, don girmama Tesla, Babban Taron a kan Ma'auni da Matakan don Tsarin Internationalasashen Duniya na itsungiyoyi sun sadaukar da kalmar " tesla " zuwa ma'aunin SI na ƙarfin filin magnetic . 

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 Sauran yanar gizo 

 Nikola Tesla Museum
 Tesla's Wardenclyffe Science Center Plaque Archived  
Category:Mutanen Amurka
Category:Masu bincike
Category:Mutane