Yahya Haqqi

Yahya Haqqi ( Larabci : ‎ حقي ) (an haife shi 7 ga watan  Janairu shekarar 1905 -ya mutu 9 ga watan Disamba shekarar 1992) (ko Yehia Hakki, Yehia Haqqi ) marubuciya ce kuma marubuciya 'yar kasar Masar. An haife shi daga dangin masu matsakaicin matsayi a cikin Alkahira, an horar da shi a matsayin lauya a Makarantar Koyon Shari'a ta Alkahira, yana kammala karatu a shekarar 1925. Kamar sauran marubutan Misira da yawa, kamar Naguib Mahfouz da Yusuf Idris, ya shafe mafi yawan rayuwarsa a matsayin ma'aikacin gwamnati, yana mai ƙara yawan kuɗin da yake samu a fagen adabi; daga ƙarshe ya zama mai ba da shawara ga dakin Karatun na Masar . 

A cikin aikinsa na wallafe-wallafe, ya wallafa tarin gajerun labarai, labarai guda ( Fitilar Umm Hashem), da labarai da yawa da sauran gajerun labarai ban da. Ya kasance editan mujallar adabi ta Al-Majalla daga shekarar 1961 zuwa shekarar 1971, lokacin da aka hana buga wannan a Masar. Ya yi gwaji da ka’idoji daban-daban na adabi: gajeren labari, labari, sukar adabi, kasidu, bimbini, da fassarar adabi .

 Farkon rayuwa da iyali 
Haqqi aka haife kan ga watan Janairu 7, shekarar 1905 a Alkahira unguwar Zainab zuwa tsakiyar aji- Turkish Musulmi iyali. Kakanninsa sun yi kaura daga Turkiya zuwa Girka, kuma daya daga cikin ‘ya’yan gidan, Ibrahim Haqqi (a. 1890), kakan Yahya, ya ƙaura zuwa Masar a farkon karni na sha tara. Ibrahim Haqqi ya yi aiki a Damietta na wani lokaci, kuma yana da ‘ya’ya maza uku: Muhammad Ibrahim (mahaifin Yahya), Mahmoud Taher, da Kamal. Matar Muhammad Ibrahim, mahaifiyar Yahya, ita ma asalin asalin Baturke ce. Duk iyayensa sun ji daɗin adabi. Yahya Haqqi shi ne ɗa na uku a cikin shida, kuma yana da mata biyu. Babban wansa shine Ibrahim, sai Ismael. Ƴan uwansa kanana, bisa tsarin haihuwa, su ne Zakariya, Musa, Fatima, Hamza, da Maryamu. Hamza da Miriam duk sun mutu tun suna 'yan watanni.

Ya kammala karatunsa daga Faculty of Law kuma ya zama lauya a Alexandria . A shekarar 1929 ya shiga aikin diflomasiyya ya yi aiki a Jeddah, Rome, Paris, da Ankara . A shekarar 1952 aka nada shi jakada a Libya . A shekarar 1953 aka nada shi Daraktan Sashen Kere-kere sannan kuma mai ba da shawara kan Adabi ga Kungiyar Kundin Litattafai ta Masar a shekarar 1958. A cikin shekara ta 1959, ya yi murabus daga mukaminsa kuma ya zama edita na ɗaya daga cikin mujallar da ke Cairo. A cikin shekara ta 1970, aka naɗa memba na Majalisar Supremeoli ta Rediyo da Talabijin.

 Aikin adabi 
A cikin aikinsa na wallafe-wallafe, ya wallafa tarin gajerun labarai guda biyu, labari daya, ("Barka da Safiya", wanda Miriam Cooke ta fassara daga Larabci), labari mai suna ( Haske ta Hasum Hashem, sau biyu ana fassarawa daga Larabci, na MMBadawi da Denys Johnson-Davies), da kuma labarai da yawa wadanda wasu daga cikinsu sun shafi sukar adabin marubuta ne, da sauran gajerun labarai banda haka. Sabri Hafez ya ɗauki Haqqi a matsayin jagora a cikin rubuce-rubucen gajerun labarai, kuma mai gwaji a cikin tsari da salo. Sabry Hafez, ‘The Modern Arabic Short Story’ in Modern Arabic Literature, ed. M. M. Badawi, (Cambridge, 1992), p. 304 Yawancin masu sukar adabi suna yabawa da salon rubutun Haqqi da kuma dacewarsa da harshensa. Ya kasance editan mujallar adabi ta Al-Majalla daga shekarar 1961 zuwa shekarar 1971; wannan matsayi ne mai hatsari, saboda an dakatar da buga shi a Misira ta hanyar umarnin gwamnatin Gamal Abdel Nasser . A wannan lokacin har ma kafin Haqqi ya jagoranci marubutan Masar masu tasowa wadanda ayyukan su suke matukar birge su kuma yake imani dasu. A cikin shekarun 1960 kuma Haqqi ya dauki matakin da ya ba shi karfin gwiwa na yin ritaya daga rubuta gajerun labarai da litattafai, amma ya ci gaba da rubuta kasidu da masu suka suka bayyana a matsayin zane-zanen fasaha.

 Aiki 
Aikinsa a Book Organisation ya bashi damar karatu da yawa. An dauke shi a matsayin mahaifin gajeren labari da labari a Misira. Gajeren labarinsa na farko ya bayyana a cikin shekarar 1925, kuma ya kafa kansa a matsayin ɗayan manyan jagororin rubutun gajerun labarai na wannan zamani a cikin ƙasashen Larabawa .

Gajerun labaransa suna isar da ƙoƙari ne na bayyana wata falsafa akan rayuwa, wani matsayi ko ra'ayi da kuma ƙwarin gwiwar ɗan adam wanda ya ɗauki maɓuɓɓugar tushen kyawawan halaye. Ya yi imanin cewa harshe ba kawai kayan aiki ba ne na nunawa ko isar da ra'ayoyi amma mahimmin ɓangare ne na tsarin rubutu a duk ƙa'idodin adabi. Karatunsa na shari'a ya yi tasiri a kan rubuce-rubucensa waɗanda ke da alamun rashin daidaito.

Haqqi ya kuma fassara shahararrun ayyukan adabi na duniya kamar "The Chess Player" wanda aka fi sani da The Royal Game na Stefan Zweig, Baltagul (The Hatchet) na Mihail Sadoveanu, da kuma "The Prodigal Father" na Edith Saunders, ya kuma halarci fassarar shahararren Likitan Rasha Zhivago na Boris Pasternak .

A shekarar 1990, ya ci "King Faisal International Prize", a cikin Harshen Larabci da Adabi, Gajerun Novels Fannin.  Kyautar tana daya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan da suka faru na Gidauniyar Sarki Faisal (KFF), wata ƙungiya mai taimako da aka kafa a 1976G / 1396H ta thea andan maza da ofa daughtersan Marigayi Sarki Faisal bin Abdulaziz, na Masarautar Saudi Arabia, don tunawa da su uba. 

Gwamnatin Faransa ta ba shi, a cikin shekarar 1983, taken "Legion of Honor", Kashi na Farko.

Bugu da kari, a cikin wannan shekarar, Jami'ar Al Minya, Misira ta ba shi digirin girmamawa.

A cikin shekarar 1969, ya ci lambar yabo ta girmamawa ta kasar Masar saboda littafinsa mai suna "The Postman" inda ya nuna hanyoyin da'awar dabi'u da ka'idojin Masar.

A cikin shekarar 2005, UNESCO tana da alaƙa da bikin cika shekara ɗari da haihuwar Yahya Haqqi, a matsayin ɗayan gumakan al'adun Duniya.

 Littattafai da aka Rubuta game da Yahya Haqqi 
"Gihad Fil Fann" (foroƙarin Cigaban Fasaha) جهاد فى الفن, Mustafa Abdalla, Mai Bugawa: Babbar Majalisar Kula da Al'adu ta Masar https://middle-east-online.com/%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%86-%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1 "Zekrayat Matweyya" (Ba a Sanar da Tunawa ba) ذكريات مطوية, Noha Yahya Haqqi.

 Bibliography 

 Ba-almara 

 "Asubahin littafin labari na Masar" فجر القصة المصرية
 "Antar da Juliet" عنتر وجولييت
 "Matakai a cikin suka" خطوات فى النقد
 "Waƙar Sauƙi" أنشودة للبساطة

adadi da yawa da aka saka a cikin "Kammalallen Ayyuka" الأعمال الكاملة.

 Ayyukan adabi 
Littafinsa mai suna "Qandeel Om Hashem" (Fitilar Om Hashem) a shekarar 1943, ya yi tasiri matuka kan karatun littafin larabci domin aiki ne mai matukar muhimmanci cikin yare da fasaha. A ciki ya yi bita kan kwastomomin da suka mamaye yankunan karkarar ta Masar da hanyoyin gyara su ta hanyar ilimi don samun ci gaba.

 "Om Al'awagiz" (Uwar marassa galihu) أم العواجز
 "Dima 'Wa Teen" (Jini da Laka) دماء وطين
 "Antar da Juliet" عنتر وجوليت
 "Sah El Nome: (Tashi daga barci) ن النوم
 "Ihtigag" (Zanga-zanga) احتجاج
 "Aqrab Affandi" (Mr. Scorpion) عقرب أفندى
 "Tanawa'at Al Asbab" (Yana Da Bambanci) تنوعت الأسباب
 "Qessa Fi Ard'hal" (Labari A Cikin Kira) قصة فى عرضحال
 "Iflass Khatibah" (Fatarar Matchan wasa don aure) إفلاس خاطبة
 "Al Firash Al Shaghir" (Smallananan Bed) الفراش الصغير
 "Al Bostagi" (The Postman) البوسطجى
 Fitilar Ummu Hashim قنديل أم هاشم

Littafinsa mai suna "Khaleeha Ala Allah" shi ne mafi gaskiyar tarihin rayuwar mutum kuma mafi bayyana ci gaba a matakai daban-daban na rayuwar marubucin.

 Manazarta 

category:Mutuwan 1992
Category:Pages with unreviewed translations