Báb

Sayyid Alí Muḥammad (20 Oktoba1819 - 9 Yuli 1850) wani ɗan kasuwa ne daga Shíráz, Iran wanda ya fara wani tsari na Shia mai suna Bábism. Bayan ya fara addinin, ya canza sunan sa zuwa Báb. Mutanen da suka yi imani da Báb ana kiran su Bábís, kuma sun yi imani cewa Bab annabi ne . Bábís kuma yi imani da cewa Bab ne Qá'im cewa Shi'as sunyi imani zai zo a nan gaba.

Báb ya rubuta ɗaruruwan wasiƙu da littattafai yana koyar da addinin shi kuma menene dokokin addinin sa. Sabbin dokokin na Bab sun maye gurbin " shari'ar Sharia " ko dokokin musulmai ga mabiyan a. Bábism ya zama babba; sama da mutane dubu goma suka yi imani da Báb. Malaman Shi'a, ko shugabannin Musulunci a Iran sun ƙi jinin Bab ɗin kuma suna ƙoƙarin cutar da mutanen da ke bin addininsa. A cikin shekarar dubu ɗaya da ɗari takwas da hamsin 1850 wasu ingan bindiga suka harbi Bab a Tabríz, Iran .

Báb din yana da wasu sunaye, misali "Maɓallin Farko" da "Maɓallin Bayán"

Bab ɗin ya faɗawa kowa cewa wani annabin da ya fi karfi kuma ya fi iko yana nan tafe. Mutanen da ke bin addinin Ba'a'í sun yi imani cewa Bab yana magana ne game da Bahá'u'lláh, wanda ya fara addinin Baha'i

 Rayuwa 

 Rayuwar Farko 
An haifi Báb a ranar ashirin 20 ga Oktoba 18, 1819, a Shiraz, Iran . Mahaifinsa dan kasuwa ne, kuma mutane da yawa a cikin gari sun san shi. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan haihuwar Báb, mahaifinsa ya mutu. Kawun Bab din Ḥájí Mírzá Siyyid `Alí shi ma ɗan kasuwa ne, kuma ya daga Bab ɗin. 

Lokacin da Báb ya zama baligi, ya fara aiki a matsayin ɗan kasuwa tare da kawunsa. A shekarar 1842 ya auri mace mai suna Khadíjih-Bagum . Tare suna da ɗa guda, wanda suka sa masa suna Ahmad. Aḥmad bai da lafiya sosai kuma ya mutu tun yana jariri.  Wani da ya rayu a lokaci ɗaya da Báb ɗin ya ce yana da nutsuwa da nutsuwa; sun ce Báb ne kawai ya yi magana game da wanda shi ma yake da shi, kuma bai ma amsa tambayoyin ba. Bab koyaushe yana tunani da addu'a. Mutane sun ce yana da kyau, kuma yana da siririn gemu. Ya kasance koyaushe yana sanye da tufafi masu tsabta, kuma yana sa kore gyale da baƙin rawani, ko kuma mayafin zane a kansa. Hajji Muhammad Husayn, quoted in Abbas Amanat, Resurrection and Renewal: The making of the Babi Movement in Iran, 1844-1850 (Ithaca: Cornell Univ. 

 'Yan Shaykhiyya 
Shaykh Ahmad-i-Ahsa'i ya kafa kungiyar addinin Musulunci ta Shi'a a Farisa a cikin shekarun 1790. Memban ƙungiyar, wanda ake kira Shaykhi, yayi imanin cewa allah yana aiko da wani sabon manzo duniya nan bada jimawa ba. Sun kira sabon manzo Qá'im, ko Mahadi . Lokacin da Shaihu Ahmad ya mutu, Siyyid Kázim, wanda yake daga Rasht, Iran, ya zama sabon shugaban Shaikhan. Shaykh Ahmad ya rayu an haifeshi a shekara ta 1753 kuma ya mutu a 1862. An haifi Siyyid Kázim a 1793 kuma ya mutu a 1843.

Lokacin da Báb ya tafi aikin hajji a Karbala da wuraren da ke kusa da shi, ƙila ya saurari koyarwar Siyyid Kázim. Babu wanda ya san tabbas idan ya yi ko bai sani ba, saboda akwai takardu ko bayanan da yawa daga wancan lokacin.

Lokacin da Siyyid Kázim ke mutuwa, a cikin watan Disamba, ya gaya wa mabiyansa - mutanen da suka gaskata abin da ya koyar - cewa su yi tafiya kuma su nemi sabon annabin daga allah. Ya kira wannan annabin "Ubangijin Zamani", kuma ya gaya musu cewa za a gano shi ba da daɗewa ba. Daya daga cikin mutanen da suka yi imani Siyyid Kázim ya yi salla kuma ya yi azumi, ko ya daina cin abinci daga asuba zuwa faduwar rana tsawon kwana arba'in - sunansa Mullá Ḥusayn. Bayan wannan ya yi tafiya zuwa Shiraz, kuma ya haɗu da Báb.

 Sanarwa ga Mullá Ḥusayn 
Mullá Ḥusayn ya isa Shiraz a ranar 23 ga Mayu, 1844. Wani saurayi sanye da koren rawani ya gaishe shi bayan bai daɗe a Shiraz ba. A Iran a wancan lokacin, mutanen da suke da dangantaka da annabi Muḥammad ne kawai ke sanya koren rawani. Ana kiran mazajen da ke da alaƙa da annabi Muḥammad Siyyids. Saurayin shine Bab, kuma ya gayyaci Mullá Ḥusayn zuwa gidansa.

Bab ɗin ya tambayi Mullá Ḥusayn dalilin da yasa yake Shiraz, kuma Mullá Ḥusayn ya gaya masa cewa yana neman sabon annabin, ko kuma Mai Alkawarin. Bab ɗin ya tambayi Mullá Ḥusayn yadda zai san wanda annabi yake hanya. Mullá Ḥusayn ya gaya masa cewa annabin zai fito ne daga sanannen dangi na kirki, kuma zai san abubuwa da yawa ba tare da koya su ba, haka kuma ba zai sami matsala a jikinsa ba. Sa'annan Bab ya ce duk waɗannan abubuwan gaskiya ne game da kansa. "Ga shi, duk waɗannan alamun sun bayyana a kaina." Bab yana cewa shine sabon annabi Mullá Ḥusayn da yake nema. Wannan ya firgita, ko firgita Mullá Ḥusayn. Nabíl-i-A`zam, The Dawn-breakers, p. 57-58.

Mullá Ḥusayn yana da wata hanya ta daban don sanin wanene sabon annabin, kuma bai gaya wa Bab ɗin ba. Siyyid Káẓim ya gaya wa Mullá Ḥusayn cewa sabon annabin zai rubuta littafi mai bayanin Surih na Yusufu . Siyyid Káẓim ya kuma ce sabon annabin zai yi hakan ba tare da wani ya nemi shi ba. Bayan da Bab ya gaya wa Mullá Ḥusayn cewa shi sabon annabi ne, sai ya rubuta littafi game da Suri na Yusufu . Bab din ya kira wannan littafin Qayyúmu'l-Asmá ' Nabíl-i-A`zam, The Dawn-breakers, p. 57-58.

Bayan ya kwana yana magana da Báb Mullá Husayn ya faɗi haka. (Kalmomin da ke ƙasa na iya zama da wahalar karantawa. )

 Haruffa Mai Rai 
Mullá Ḥusayn shine almajirin farko na Bab. Ana kiran ɗalibin shugaban addini almajiri. A ƙasa da watanni biyar, ƙarin ɗalibai goma sha bakwai na Siyyid Káẓim sun zama almajiran na Bab. Duk sabbin almajiran sun fara yarda da cewa Bab wani sabon salo ne, ko annabin allah ba tare da taimakon kowa ba.  Daya daga cikin wadannan sababbin almajirai mace ce. Sunanta Zarrín Táj Bara gh áni, kuma ita mawaƙa ce. Daga baya aka sake mata sabon suna, Ṭáhirih (mai tsarki). Daga baya mutane sun fara kiran almajirai goma sha takwas na farko da kuma BAb Wasikun Masu Rai . Bab din ya fadawa Haruffa Masu Rai cewa aikin su ne su fadawa mutane cewa shi sabon annabi ne. 

Báb ya ce Haruffa Masu Rai na musamman ne. A cikin addinin Shi’a akwai mutane na musamman goma sha huɗu, waɗanda ake kira "Maasumai". ‘Yan Shi’a suna ganin“ Ma’asumai ”suna da gaskiya koyaushe. Muhammad, imam goma sha biyu, da Fatimah, su ne "Ma'asumai" a cikin Shi'ar Musulunci. Kamar dai "Ma'asumai", ɗaya daga cikin wasiƙun Mai rai mace ce, ɗayan kuma annabi ne. Goma sha tara lamba ce ta musamman a cikin Babism. Amanat, Resurrection and Renewal, 191. Haruffa Masu Rai sun yi kama da Manzannin Kristi goma sha biyu.

 Manazarta 

Category:Addini
Category:Pages with unreviewed translations