Anlo Ewe

Anlo Ewe wasu rukuni ne na mutanen Ewe na kusan mutane miliyan 6, wadanda ke zaune a kudancin Togo, da kudancin Benin, da kudu maso yammacin Najeriya, da kuma kudu maso gabashin Yankin Volta na Ghana ; a halin yanzu, yawancin Ewe suna cikin rabin kudancin Togo da kudu maso yammacin Benin. Al’umma ce ta gari daya wacce ke karkashin jagorancin tsarin mulki, mai kula da tsarin mulki. Nukunya, G.K.. Kinship and Marriage Among the Anlo Ewe. London School of Economics Monographs on Social Anthropology No. 37. New York: Humanities Press Inc., 1969. Yarensu (mai sunan Anlogbe ) yare ne na yaren Ewe, shi kansa bangare ne na tarin harsunan Gbe. Addinin Ewe ya tsayu a kan bautãwa "Mawu" da kuma ababan bauta tsarkaka.   Addinin Kiristanci ya samu karbuwa a kowane yanki na kasar Anlo Ewe kuma tare da tsirarun mutane wanda har yanzu suna bautan gargajiya na surkulle da tsubbu. Addininsu na ainihi wanda aka fi sani da bangare na addinin gargajiya yanzu ya zama addinin da ya gabata. Matasan al'umma a yau suna karbar Kiristanci sosai. Koyaya, wadanda har yanzu suke gaskata bautan gargajiya suma sunyi imanin cewa al'adunsu wani lamari ne wanda yake rike mutunci da nuna gaskiya yayin da Kiristanci ya tsaya don share fagen mutunci, gaskiya da nuna yarda wanda zasu gushe bayan 'yan shekaru masu wucewa kuma saboda wannan dalili suke koyaushe kawar da wannan addinin Kiristanci.

 Asalin Kalma 
Sunan Ŋlɔ (nlo) ( na Aŋlɔ ko Anlo ) an ce kalmar ta samo asali ne daga kalmar Ewe ŋlɔ ko 'nlo' wanda ke nufin mirginawa ko ninkawa ta ciki."Kathryn Linn Geurts (2003-09-01). "On Embodied Consciousness in Anlo-Ewe Worlds". Ethnography. Eth.sagepub.com. 4 (3): 363–395. doi:10.1177/146613810343004. S2CID 145295710 

 Tarihi 
Ana tsammanin sun yi kaura zuwa gidansu na yanzu daga Notsie, Togo wani lokaci a marshen karni na goma sha bakwai. Ana zaton cewa sunyi kaura ne don tserewa canjin tsarin mulki a garinsu. Da farkon isowa Notsie, sarki na yanzu, Adela Atogble, ya karbe su da mutumci, amma bayan mutuwarsa magajinsa, Togbe Agorkoli, ya yi mulkin zalunci ga mutanen Ewe na Ghana. Ya ba da umarnin kashe duk wani  dattijonsu. Sarki Agorkoli ya cutar da mutanen kwarai da gaske. An kewaye garin Notsie da babban katanga don kariya wanda ya zama shinge ga shirin Ewe na tserewa. Bayan tuntubar boyayyen dattijo, Tegli, Ewe ya fito da wani bataccen shiri na tserewa. Mutanen sun shirya tserewa sosai. Kwanaki matan kungiyar za su jika bangon a wuri guda yayin ayyukansu na wankin tufafi na yau da kullun. Lokacin da bangon ya yi rauni sosai, sai shirin ya kare a tattara duka Ewe, Tegli ya zana “Takobin yanci” yana kiran alloli, kuma yana huda bangon yana shela, “Ya Mawuga Kitikata, ʋuʋɔ na mi ne miadogo, azɔ adzo ”(Ya mai girma Allah Kitikata, ka bude mana kofa domin mu bi ta). Lokacin da suke tserewa sun yi tafiya ta baya-baya a rarrabe, don kada Sarkinsu, Sarki Agorkoli, ya gano su ko ya riske su.
Yawancin gungiyoyi sun zauna a ƙauyuka a cikin yankunan bakin teku na Togo, Benin, tare da wasu suna zaune a kudu maso gabashin yankin Volta na Ghana, Nukunya, G.K.. Kinship and Marriage Among the Anlo Ewe. London School of Economics Monographs on Social Anthropology No. 37. New York: Humanities Press Inc., 1969. yawancinsu suna da alaka da cinikin bayi wanda ya shafi al'ummomin Ewe. Avenor Ewe ya zauna a arewacin Anlo kuma yanzu ana samun sa a Gundumar Akatsi ta Kudu da Akatsi ta Arewa . 'Yan hijirar arewa sakamakon yawaitar bautar bayi da kuma yaɗa al'adun Ewe a duk kudancin Togo, kudancin Benin zuwa kudu maso yammacin Najeriya . Rashin zurfin ruwa da tsibirai da yawan na Benin sun samar da mafaka ga kowa amma mafi tsananin 'yan kasuwa bayi.

 Tsarin siyasa 
Tsarin siyasa na yanzu ya samo asali ne daga wajibcin gungiyar soja don magance rikice-rikice a karni na 17 da 18. Bayan sun isa Togo ta Faransa, mutanen Ewe sun rabu zuwa kananan smalleran rago ko sarakuna. Kowannensu kuma ya kasance mai cin gashin kansa amma ya yarda cewa dukkansu mutane ne guda. Anlo yana ɗaya daga cikin wadannan kabilun. 

Anlo sun bi hanyoyin kungiyar soja na Akwamu, gami da tsarin fuka-fukan su. An rarraba mutanen Anlo ta yanayin wuri don kirkirar fikafikai uku. Lashibi, yana zuwa daga yamma, ya kare gefen hagu, Adotri tsakiya, kuma Bala'i daga gabas, ya kare gefen dama.  Duk suna karkashin mulkin masarauta 'tsakiya', sarki ya kira Awoamefia. Nukunya, G.K.. Kinship and Marriage Among the Anlo Ewe. London School of Economics Monographs on Social Anthropology No. 37. New York: Humanities Press Inc., 1969.

A tarihance, ba safai ake kiran ikon tsakiyar hukuma ba; kawai a lokacin yaƙi ko kuma bukatar tsananin shawarwarin shari'a. An zabi sarki daga kayan dangi biyu na masarauta ko Adzovia ko Bate; zabi ba ya bin tsarin mulkin mallaka na gargajiya. Yankunan suna juya nadin sarakuna, suna hana dangi daya rike madafun iko. Zabin an yi shi ne ta dattawan dangi daga froman takara da yawa wadanda bangarorin dangi daban-daban suka gabatar. Zababben sarki yana da matsayi na allantakarwa da ke zaune a keɓance, kawai yana hulda da manyan sarakuna uku masu kula da yankuna.
Waɗannan shugabannin uku da kananan sarakuna da shugabannin-maza a yankunansu suna da ikon bincika laifi da sasanta rikice-rikicen cikin gida. Ellis, A.B.. The Ewe Speaking Peoples of the Slave Coast of West Africa. Chicago: Benin Press, Ltd, 1965. bangarorin da abin ya shafa suna da damar daukaka kara zuwa ga sarki bayan an yanke hukunci a karamar kotu. Awoamefia na da majalisu biyu cikin shawarwarin daukaka kara da lamuran yau da kullun. Daya ya kunshi dattawan kowace kabila; dayan ya kunshi shugabannin sojoji uku. A tarihance majalisar dattijai ta fi tasiri bisa ga ra'ayin Anlo cewa ikon sarki yana hannun mutane. “Du menɔa fia me o. Fiae nɔa du me ”(Mutanen ba sa zama tare da Sarki. Sarki ne da ke zaune tare da mutane). Idan Sarkin ya yanke hukunci ba tare da son mutane ba suna da damar maye gurbinsa. Nukunya, G.K.. Kinship and Marriage Among the Anlo Ewe. London School of Economics Monographs on Social Anthropology No. 37. New York: Humanities Press Inc., 1969.

 Tsarin dangi 

 Dangin 
Anlo-Ewe mutane ne na uba . Kowane memba na cikin dangi ne wanda ya yi imanin cewa ya fito daga zuriyar maza. A yawancin yawancin mauyuka, duk dangi suna da wakilci, wani lokacin kuma ta hanyar zuriya fiye da ɗaya. An bayyana alamomi a matsayin reshe na dangi wanda maza da mata za su iya gano alaqar da suka gada zuwa ga kakannin maza na kowa. Zuriya, ya bambanta da dangi, baƙon abu ne. Kowane jinsi yana da alamunsa, wurin bauta na kakanni, dukiyar gama gari da kuma kan zuriya. Shugaban yawanci mafi tsufa memba ne na jinsi. Yana da magana ta ƙarshe a cikin yawancin yanke shawara da jayayya kuma yana daidaita duk ma'amala tare da maslaha ta jinsi gami da watsa ƙasa. A saman ayyukan duniya, shugaban tsatson kuma babban firist ne. Yana jagorantar yawancin shagulgulan kuma yana aiki azaman hanyar haɗi tsakanin rayayyu da matattu kamar yadda ake miƙa masa duk abubuwan addini. Nukunya, G.K.. Kinship and Marriage Among the Anlo Ewe. London School of Economics Monographs on Social Anthropology No. 37. New York: Humanities Press Inc., 1969.

Aramar ƙungiya tsakanin jinsi bukka ce; wannan ko dai mata ne da 'ya'yanta marasa aure ko kuma daidai suke da maigidan. Akwai yi na polygyny ko da yake wani karamin yawan maza zahiri da fiye da daya matar. Namiji shine shugaban gida ko afe kuma yana iya yin aiki ba tare da tsangwama ba sai dai daga mahaifinsa. Akwai girmama manya ga dattawa kuma muddin uba yana kusa da dan ana sa ran ya bi duk wata bukatarsa. Nukunya, G.K.. Kinship and Marriage Among the Anlo Ewe. London School of Economics Monographs on Social Anthropology No. 37. New York: Humanities Press Inc., 1969.

 Kalaman dangi 
Yayan uba Tɔga Kanin mahaifin Tɔdia Yaro (duka jinsi biyu) Vi Sibling (duka jinsi) Nɔvi 'Yar uwa mace Da Dan uwan miji Papa yana nufin Fo Uwa Enɔ ko Dada Uba Etɔ ko Fofo Yar uwar yayanta Daga ko Nɔga Kanwar Mama Daɖia ko Nɔdi 'Yar'uwar uba Etɛ ko Tasi Yayan Uwa Nyrui Kanin mahaifin Tɔɖia Kaka Tɔgbe ko Tɔgbui Kaka Mama
Afa shine allahn su na duba, kuma kanen Yewe. Membobi basa samun sabbin sunaye kuma suna rike sunayen haihuwa. Ayyuka sune kan gaba wajen ayyukan ibada don Afa. Membobi da wadanda ba membobi ba suna bikin Afa tare; duk da haka, wanda ba memba ba dole ne ya sanya fararen tufafi kuma ba zai iya rawa kusa da memba ba sai dai a jana'iza. Idan ba a bi wadannan al'adun yadda ya kamata ba, ana biyan tarar waɗanda ba mamba ba. 

 Addini 
A al'adance Anlo-Ewe suna da daukakar Allah daya Mawuga Kitikata ko kuma kawai Mawu . Wannan allahn an yi imanin cewa yana da karfi kuma a ko'ina lokaci daya. Babu wuraren bautar gumaka ko bukukuwan ibada saboda wannan imani a koina kuma a maimakon haka mutane suna yin addini ta hanyar allahntaka na kasa.  Wadannan sun hada da Yewe, Afa, Eda, Nana, da Mami Wata . Biyun farko sune mafi mashahuri, kowanne yana da tsarin farawa membobin don sujada. 

Yewe shine allahn tsawa da walkiya. Lokacin da aka fara mambobi a karkashin Yewe, ana ba da suna Yewe a bikin kammala karatun. Tsohon sunan mutumin yanzu ya zama abin zargi kuma idan aka yi amfani da shi, ana iya sanya mai magana a gaban majalisar firistoci don a yanke masa hukuncin biyan tara mai yawa.

 Jana'iza 
Kamar yadda girmama tsofaffi ke da mahimmanci a cikin al'ummar Ewe, jana'izar a al'adance al'adu ne na almubazzaranci da ke hada abubuwa da yawa cikin tsawon wata guda:

 Amedigbe: Gawar, wacce aka adana ta da ganye, ana binne ta a wannan rana galibi kwana biyu zuwa uku bayan mutuwa.
 Ndinamegbe: Washegari baykarɓara'izar ana karbar manyan masu makoki.
 Nudogbe: Ranar kiyayewa kwana 4-6 bayan binnewa.
 Yofogbe: Washegari bayan al'adar layin kiyayewa. 'Yan uwan mamacin karbar kyaututtuka da sadaka don kudin jana'izar.
 Akontawogbe: Bayan kwana uku ana kirga gudummawa.
 Xomefewogbe: Bayan kwanaki da yawa bayan Akontawogbe ana kirga kudin karshe na jana'izar. Idan gudummawar ta wuce tsada, ana iya dawo da gudummawar; idan farashi ya wuce gudummawa za'a iya samun karin kudi.

Gudummawar jana’izar sune babban abin da ake gabatarwa na bukukuwa saboda tsadar jana’izar Anlo. Kudin sun hada da akwatin gawa, tufafin jana'iza, raye-rayen jama'a, abinci, barasa, da samar da masaukai don bakin da ke nesa. Nukunya, G.K.. Kinship and Marriage Among the Anlo Ewe. London School of Economics Monographs on Social Anthropology No. 37. New York: Humanities Press Inc., 1969.

A cikin zamantakewar zamani da wayar salula al'adun jana'izar yanzu yawanci ana yin su ne a karshen mako daya, wani lokacin makonni da yawa bayan mutuwa don ba wa dan uwansu na nesa damar tafiya da ba da izinin masauki na aiki ko aiki.

Jana'izar Anlo-Ewe sun fi dacewa da kasancewa cikin rawar kade-kade da raye-raye da kungiyoyin kida. Wasannin raye raye da ban mamaki idan mamacin ya kasance mai mutunci da memba na al'umma. Wasu lokuta dangin nesa za su iya yin wasan kwaikwayo watanni bayan mutuwa idan ba za su iya kasancewa a ainihin jana'izar ba. 

 Duba kuma 

 Matsar da harsuna
 Yaren Ewe
 Wakar Ewe
 Masu mulkin jihar Ewe na Anlo
 Hogbetsotso bikin

 Manazarta 
Category:Al'ummomin Nijeriya
Category:Al'umma
Category:Al'ummomi
Category:Al'adun Najeriya
Category:Mutanen Afirka
Category:Mutanen Najeriya
Category:Pages with unreviewed translations