Toka

Toka sune dasasshen ragowar gobara .  Musamman, ash yana nufin duk maras ruwa-ruwa, maras gaseous sharan cewa zama bayan da wani abu konewa . A hikimar tantance sunadarai, don nazarin ma'adinai da karfe abun ciki na sinadaran da samfurori, ash ne maras gaseous, maras ruwa saura bayan cikakken konewa.

Toka kamar yadda karshen samfurin na bai cika konewa su ne mafi yawa ma'adinai, amma yawanci har yanzu dauke da wani adadin combustible kwayoyin ko wasu oxidizable sharan. Mafi sanannun nau'in toka shine toka na itace, azaman kayan kone itace a cikin wuta, murhu, da dai sauransu. Da duhun itacen toka, mafi girman abin da ya rage na gawayi daga konewar da bai cika ba. Toka iri-iri ne. Wasu toka suna kunshe da mahadan kasa wadanda suke sa kasa ta yi ni'ima. Wasu da sinadaran mahadi da cewa zai iya zama mai guba amma na iya karya up a gona daga sunadarai canje-canje da kuma kananan kwayoyin aiki.

Kamar sabulu, toka shima wakili ne na kashe kwayoyin cuta (alkaline ). Howard et al. 2002: Healthy Villages A guide for communities and community health workers. CHAPTER 8 Personal, domestic and community hygiene. WHO. Accessed Oct. 2014.  http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/hygiene/settings/hvchap8.pdf Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta ba da shawarar toka ko yashi a matsayin madadin lokacin da ba a samu sabulu ba. WHO 2014: Water Sanitation Health. How can personal hygiene be maintained in difficult circumstances? Accessed Oct. 2014 http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/emergencies/qa/emergencies_qa17/en/

 Faruwar yanayi 
Toka na faruwa ne ta dabi'a daga kowace wuta da take kone ciyayi — wanda walkiya, aikin dutsen mai fitarwa, ko wasu matakai suka tsara. Daga baya toka na iya watsewa a cikin kasa don ya zama mai dausayi, ko kuma zai iya kasancewa a daddafe a karkashin kasa na dogon lokaci — har ma ya isa ya zama kwal .

 Iri 

 Tokar itace
 Samfuran kone kwal
 Toka a kasa
 Tashi toka, samfurin gawayi
 Iska, toka daga kurar shara ta birane
 Sigari ko sigarin sigari
 Ashunkarar da konewa a kasa, wani nau'i na toka da aka samar a cikin kona wuta
 Toka da busassun guntun kasusuwan jiki, ko "konewa", hagu daga konewa
 Tokar Volcanic, toka wacce ta kunshi gilashi, dutsen, da sauran ma'adanai wadanda suke bayyana yayin fashewa, kasa mai baki wacce ta samu ne sakamakon dutsen da dutsen ya yi kuma ta hada da toka da sauran abubuwa masu karfin wuta.

Hotuna

 Duba kuma 

 Cinereous, wanda ya kunshi toka, mai launin ash ko mai kama da toka
 Potash, kalma ce mai yawan amfani da gishiri mai amfani wanda aka samo asali daga tokar shuke-shuke, amma a yau galibi ana hako shi ne daga asusun kasa.
 kwal, wanda ya kunshi carbon as ash, da toka za a iya rikida su zama kwal
 carbon, asalin kayan toka

 Manazarta 

Category:Toka