Yanayi na Indiya

link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Valley_of_flowers_uttaranchal_full_view.JPG|right|thumb|Wurin da ke Uttarakhand's Valley of Flowers National Park. Ya bambanta da yankin inuwar ruwan sama na Tirunelveli, wurin shakatawar yana samun isasshen yanayin ruwa saboda wurin da yake a wani yanki mai fuskantar iska mai tsauni wanda ya haɗu tsakanin Zanskars da Babban Himalayas.
link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:India-view_of_shilla.jpg|alt=Daytime view of a chain of snow-capped mountains. They advance diagonally thumb from the far-middle distance at left to the nudge distance at right. In the foreground are high montaine meadows and brushband.|right|thumb|Samuwar Himalayas (hoto) a lokacin farkon Eocene wasu mya 52 shine babban mahimmin dalilin ƙayyade yanayin India na zamani; yanayin duniya da sunadarai na teku na iya tasiri.
Yanayin Indiya ya ƙunshi yanayi da yawa na yanayi a duk faɗin sikelin ƙasa da yanayi daban-daban, wanda ke sa batun ya zama da wuya. Sauyin yanayi a kudancin Indiya gaba ɗaya ya fi arewacin Indiya zafi. Yawancin ɓangarorin ƙasar ba sa fuskantar yanayin zafi ƙasa da 10°C (50°F) a lokacin sanyi, kuma yawan zafin yana yawan wuce 40°C (104°F) a lokacin bazara. Dangane da tsarin Köppen, Indiya ta karbi bakuncin manyan nau'ikan yanayi guda shida, wanda ya fara daga jeji mai bushewa a yamma, tudun mai tsayi da kankara a arewa, da yankuna masu zafi masu zafi waɗanda ke tallafawa dazukan ruwan sama a kudu maso yamma da yankuna tsibirin. Yankuna da yawa suna da microclimates daban-daban, suna mai da shi ɗayan mafi yawan ƙasashe masu bambancin yanayi a duniya. Sashen kula da yanayi na kasar yana bin tsarin kasa da kasa na yanayi hudu tare da wasu gyare-gyare na gida: hunturu (Janairu da Fabrairu), rani (Maris, Afrilu da Mayu), lokacin damina (damina) (Yuni zuwa Satumba), da lokacin bayan damina ( Oktoba zuwa Disamba).

Yanayin ƙasa da ilimin ƙasa na Indiya yana da mahimmanci: hamadar Thar a arewa maso yamma da Himalayas a arewa suna aiki tare don ƙirƙirar tsarin al'adu da tattalin arziki mai mahimmancin gaske. A matsayin tsaunin tsauni mafi girma da girma a duniya, Himalayas sun hana kwararar iska mai sanyi daga Tibet mai sanyi da kuma yankin tsakiyar Asiya ta arewa. Don haka mafi yawan Arewacin Indiya saboda haka suna da dumi ko kuma suna cikin sanyi ko sanyi a lokacin sanyi; wannan dam din na thermal yana sanya yawancin yankuna a Indiya zafi a lokacin rani.

Kodayake Tropic of Cancer - iyaka tsakanin yankuna masu zafi da subtropics - ya ratsa ta tsakiyar Indiya, amma ana iya ɗaukar yawancin ƙasar a matsayin masu yanayin yanayi mai zafi. Kamar yadda yake a yawancin wurare masu zafi, yanayin yanayi da sauran yanayin yanayi a Indiya na iya canzawa mai ƙarfi: fari, zafi tãguwar ruwa, ambaliyar ruwa, guguwar iska, da sauran bala'oi na yau da kullun, amma sun raba muhalli ko kawo karshen rayukan mutane. Irin waɗannan abubuwan canjin yanayi na iya canzawa cikin maimaituwa da tsanani sakamakon canjin yanayi da ɗan adam ya jawo. Canje-canje masu zuwa da kuma ci gaba na gaba a nan gaba, hawan tekun da ambaliyar ruwa a yankunan bakin gabar tekun Indiya suma ana danganta su da dumamar yanayi.
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Category:Indiya