Illinois

Illinois Jiha ne daga jihohin ƙasar Tarayyar Amurka, a tsakiyar ƙasar. Jihar Tarayyar Amurka ne daga shekara ta alif 1818. Mafi girman yankunanta shine Chicago da yankin Metro East na. Sauran yankuna na birni sun hada da Peoria da Rockford, da kuma Springfield, babban birninta, da Champaign-Urbana, gida ga babban harabar jami'ar flagship ta jihar. Daga cikin jihohi hamsin na Amurka, Illinois tana da mafi girma na cikin gida na biyar (GDP), Jerin Jihohin Amurka da yankuna ta yawan jama'a|mafi yawan jama'a na shida, da yanki na 25 mafi girma
 Asali 
Masanan Amurka a baya sun yi tunanin sunan Illinois yana nufin 'mutum' ko 'maza' a cikin yaren Miami-Illinois, tare da asalin  .canza ta hanyar Faransanci zuwa Illinois.   Harshen Illinois ba ya goyan bayan wannan ilimin ƙa'idar, kamar yadda kalmar "mutum" ita ce  , kuma jam'in "mutum" shine . Sunan mahaif an kuma ce yai, na nufin 'kabilar manyan mazaje',  wanda shine ƙa'idar ƙarya.

Sunan Illinois ya samo asali ne daga kalmar aikatau ta Miami-Illinois  'yana magana akai akai'. An ɗauke wannan cikin harshen Ojibwe, ƙila a cikin yaren Ottawa, kuma an canza shi zuwa  (jama'a kamar  ). Faransawa sun aro waɗannan fom, suna rubuta  ƙarewa as  , fassarar wannan sautin a cikin Faransanci na wancan lokacin. Tsarin rubutun na yanzu, Illinois, ya fara bayyana a farkon shekarun 1670, lokacin da masu mulkin mallaka na Faransa suka zauna a yankin yamma. Sunan Illinois da kansu, kamar yadda aka tabbatar a cikin ƙamus na zamanin mishan na Faransa guda uku na Illinois, shine  , ma'anar da ba a sani ba kuma ba tare da alaƙa da sauran kalmomin ba. 

 Tarihi 
Wayewa ta bace a cikin karni na 15 saboda dalilai da ba a san su ba, amma masana tarihi da masu binciken kayan tarihi sun yi hasashen cewa mutanen sun lalata albarkatun kasa. Ƙabilun ƴan asalin ƙasar da yawa sun yi yaƙi akai-akai. A cewar Suzanne Austin Alchon, "A wani wuri a tsakiyar kwarin kogin Illinois, kashi ɗaya bisa uku na dukan manya sun mutu sakamakon mummunan rauni."  Babban iko na gaba a yankin shine Ƙungiyar Illinois ko Illini, ƙawancen siyasa. E. Hoxie, Encyclopedia of North American Indians (1996) 266–7, 506 Kamar yadda Illini ya ƙi a lokacin Beaver Wars, membobin Algonquian -speaking Potawatomi, Miami, Sauk, da sauran kabilu ciki har da Fox ( Meskwaki ), Iowa, Kickapoo, Mascouten, Piankeshaw, Shawnee, Wea, da Winnebago ( Ho-Chunk ) ) ya shigo yankin daga gabas da arewa kusa da manyan tabkuna.

 Yakin Basasa da bayansa 
A lokacin yakin basasar Amurka, Illinois ya zama na hudu a cikin sojojin da suka yi aiki (fiye da 250,000) a cikin Rundunar Soja, adadi ya wuce New York, Pennsylvania, da Ohio kawai. An fara da kiran farko na Shugaba Abraham Lincoln na sojoji da kuma ci gaba a cikin yakin, Illinois ta tattara runduna 150 na sojojin ƙasa, waɗanda aka ƙidaya daga na 7th zuwa na 156th. An kuma taru da dakarun sojan doki goma sha bakwai, da kuma rundunonin bindigu na kananan bindigogi guda biyu. "Illinois Infantry, Cavalry, and Artillery Units" , Illinois in the Civil War, Retrieved November 26, 2006 Garin Alkahira, a gefen kudancin jihar a mahadar kogin Mississippi da Ohio, ya kasance cibiyar samar da kayayyaki mai mahimmanci da cibiyar horar da sojojin Tarayyar . Tsawon watanni da yawa, duka Janar Grant da Admiral Foote suna da hedkwata a Alkahira.

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Category:Jihohin Tarayyar Amurka