Shani

Shani ( Sanskrit   , IAST   ), ko Shanaishchara ( Sanskrit   , IAST   ), shine allahntakar duniya Saturn a addinin Hindu,  kuma yana daya daga cikin abubuwa tara na sama ( Navagraha ) a cikin ilimin taurarin Hindu . Shani kuma wani allahntakar Hindu namiji ne a cikin Puranas, wanda hoton hotonsa ya kunshi siffa mai launin duhu mai dauke da takobi ko danda (sanda) kuma yana zaune a kan bako ko wasu lokuta akan hankaka .   Shi ne allahn karma , adalci, da azaba, kuma yana ba da sakamako dangane da tunani, magana, da ayyukan mutum.  Shani shine mai kula da tsawon rai, kunci, bakin ciki, tsufa, tarbiyya, takurawa, alhaki, jinkiri, buri, jagoranci, mulki, tawali'u, mutunci, hikimar da aka haifa ta hanyar kwarewa. Hakanan yana nuna ruhin ruhi, tuba, horo, da aiki na hankali. Yana da alaka da masu hadin gwiwa guda biyu: Neela, wanda ke nuna gemstone sapphire, da Manda, gimbiya gandharva .  

 Duniya 
Shani a matsayin duniya ya bayyana a cikin litattafan ilmin taurari na Hindu daban-daban a cikin Sanskrit, irin su Aryabhatiya na karni na 5 na Aryabhatta, Romaka na karni na 6 na Latadeva da Pancha Siddhantika na Varahamihira, karni na 7 na Khandakhadyaka na Brahmagurysyavrd na Brahmagurysyavard Lalla.    Wadannan matani suna gabatar da Shani a matsayin daya daga cikin taurari kuma suna kimanta halayen motsin duniyar.  Wasu nassosi irin su Surya Siddhanta (wanda aka rubuta a wani lokaci tsakanin karni na 5 zuwa na 10) suna gabatar da surori a kan taurari daban-daban a matsayin ilimin Allah da ke da alaka da alloli. 

Rubutun wadannan matani sun kasance cikin sassa daban-daban, suna nuna cewa an bude ayoyin kuma an sake bitar su cikin lokaci. Sigarorin sun yi rashin jituwa a ma'auninsu na juyin juya halin Shani, apogee, keken keke, nodal longitudes, karkata orbital, da sauran sigogi.  Misali, duka Khandakhadyaka da Surya Siddhanta na Varaha sun bayyana cewa Shani ya kammala juyin juya hali 146,564 a kan kansa a duk shekara 4,320,000 na duniya, Epicycle of Apsis a matsayin digiri 60, kuma yana da apogee (aphelia) na digiri 240 a 499 CE; yayin da wani rubutun Soorya Siddhantha ya sake fasalin juyin juya halin zuwa 146,568, apogee zuwa digiri 236 da dakika 37 da Epicycle zuwa kusan digiri 49. 

Malaman Hindu na 1st-millennium-CE sun kididdige lokacin da aka dauka don juyin juya hali na kowane duniya ciki har da Shani, daga nazarin ilimin taurari, tare da sakamako daban-daban: 
+Rubutun Sanskrit: Kwanaki nawa ne ake ɗauka don Shani (Saturn) ya kammala kewayarsa? Source Kiyasin lokacin juyin juya halin gefe   Surya Siddanta Kwanaki 10,765, awanni 18, mintuna 33, dakika 13.6 Siddanta Shiromani Kwanaki 10,765, awanni 19, mintuna 33, dakika 56.5 Ptolemy Kwanaki 10,758, awanni 17, mintuna 48, dakika 14.9 Kididdigar karni na 20 Kwanaki 10,759, awanni 5, mintuna 16, dakika 32.2

 Hoton hoto 
An nuna Shani sanye da riguna masu launin shudi ko bakar fata, mai launin duhu kuma yana hawan ungulu ko kuma a kan karusar karfe da dawakai takwas suka zana. Yana rike da baka, da kibiya, da gatari da ma'auni. Ana wakilta shi bisa babban hankaka ko ungulu da ke bin sa duk inda ya je.  Wasu rubuce-rubucen Hindu kuma sun nuna shi yana hawan wasu dabbobi kamar doki, maciji ko bauna, yayin da rubutun addinin Buddha daga Arewa maso Gabashin Indiya da Nepal ke wakiltar sa a kan kunkuru. 

An yi imanin Shani ya zama jiki na Krishna, bisa ikon Brahma Vaivarta Purana inda Krishna ya ce shi "Shani a cikin taurari". Ana kuma kiransa Saneeswar, ma'ana "Ubangijin Saturn", kuma an sanya shi aikin ba da 'ya'yan itacen ayyukan mutum, don haka ya zama mafi tsoron alloli na taurarin Hindu. Shi ne mafi yawan rashin fahimta a cikin Hindu Pantheon kamar yadda aka ce yana haifar da hargitsi a rayuwar mutum, kuma an san ya fi sauki idan ana bauta.  

Shani shine tushen sunan ranar Asabar a yawancin sauran yarukan Indiya. A cikin Hindi na zamani, Odia, Telugu, Bengali, Marathi, Urdu, Kannada da Gujarati, ana kiran Asabar Shanivaar ; Tamil : Sani kizhamai ; Malayalam : Shaniyazhcha ; Thai : Wạn s̄eār̒ (วันเสาร์).

 Kalanda 
Shani shine tushen Shanivara - daya daga cikin kwanaki bakwai da ke yin mako guda a kalandar Hindu.  Wannan rana ta yi daidai da Asabar - bayan Saturn - a cikin taron Greco-Roman don sanya sunayen kwanakin mako.   Ana daukar Shani a matsayin mafi girman duniya na mazan jiya wanda ke kawo hani da musibu. 

Shani wani bangare ne na Navagraha a cikin tsarin zodiac na Hindu. Ana la'akari da shi malefic, yana da alaka da asceticism na ruhaniya, tuba, horo da aiki na hankali. Matsayi da mahimmancin Navagraha ya habaka tsawon lokaci tare da tasiri daban-daban. Kayyadaddun jikin taurari da muhimmancin su na taurari ya faru ne a farkon lokacin Vedic kuma an rubuta shi a cikin Vedas . Aikin farko na falaki da aka rubuta a Indiya shine Vedanga Jyotisha wanda aka fara harhada shi a karni na 14 KZ. Yana yiwuwa ya dogara ne akan ayyuka daga wayewar Indus Valley da kuma tasirin kasashen waje daban-daban.

Navagraha ya habaka daga farkon ayyukan astrology na tsawon lokaci. An ambaci Saturn da taurari daban-daban a cikin Atharvaveda a kusan 1000 KZ. An ci gaba da Navagraha ta karin taimako daga Yammacin Asiya, gami da tasirin Zoroastrian da Hellenistic . Yavanajataka, ko 'Kimiyyar Yavanas ', Indo-Girkanci ne ya rubuta mai suna " Yavanesvara " ("Ubangijin Helenawa") a karkashin mulkin Sarkin Kshatrapa na Yamma Rudrakarman I. Yavanajataka da aka rubuta a cikin 120 AZ galibi ana danganta shi da daidaita ilimin taurarin Indiya. Navagraha zai kara habaka kuma ya kare a zamanin Shaka tare da mutanen Saka ko Scythian. Bugu da kari, gudunmawar mutanen Saka za su zama tushen kalandar kasa ta Indiya, wanda kuma ake kira Kalanda Saka.

Kalandar Hindu kalandar Lunisolar ce wacce ke yin rikodin zagayowar wata da na rana. Kamar Navagraha, an habaka shi tare da gudummawar gudummawar ayyuka daban-daban.

Planet Shani yana mulki akan duka alamun zodiac, Capricorn da Aquarius, biyu daga cikin taurari goma sha biyu a cikin tsarin zodiac na taurarin Hindu.  Idan Shani ya yi sarauta akan alamar zodiac, an ce dole ne mutum ya sanya zobe tare da dutse da aka yi da Blue Sapphire .

 Allahntaka 
Shani abin bautãwa ne a cikin matani na zamanin da, wanda ake ganin ba shi da kyau kuma ana jin tsoron isar da bala'i da asara ga wadanda suka cancanci hakan.  Hakanan yana da ikon bayar da falala da albarka ga masu cancanta, gwargwadon karmarsu. A cikin wallafe-wallafen Hindu na tsakiya, ana kiransa da dan Surya da Chhaya, ko kuma a cikin 'yan asusun a matsayin dan Balarama da Revati .   Madadin sunayensa sun hada da Ara , Kona da Kroda .  A cewar wasu matani na Hindu, "pipal" ko itacen baure shine wurin zama na Shani (yayin da wasu rubutun ke danganta itace daya da Vasudeva).  An kuma yi imani da cewa shi ne babban malami mai ba da ladan ayyuka na qwarai da azabtar da wanda ya bi tafarkin mugu, Adharma da cin amana.  Shanidev babban mai bautar Ubangiji Shiva . https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/religion/festivals/shani-jayanti-2024-date-time-and-all-you-need-to-know/articleshow/110722240.cms
A cikin 2013, an kafa wani mutum-mutumi na Ubangiji Shani mai tsayi kafa 20 a Yerdanur a cikin mandal na Sangareddy, gundumar Medak, Telangana, kusan 40. kilomita daga birnin Hyderabad. An zana shi daga monolith kuma nauyinsa ya kai ton tara.[ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2022)">abubuwan da ake bukata</span> ]

 Tafsirin Mantra 
An kwatanta mantra na Shani a nan cikin Sanskrit da Ingilishi: 

Sanskrit: ॐ काकध्वजाय विद्महे खड्ग हस्तार

Fassara: "Om kākadhvajāya vidmahe khaḍgahastāya dhīmahi tanno mandaḥ pracodayāt. ''

Fassara: Om, Bari in yi tunani a kan wanda ya yi cara a tutarsa, Ya, wanda ke da takobi a hannunsa, Ka ba ni hankali mafi girma, kuma Saneeswara ya haskaka min hankali.

Sanskrit: ॐ नीलांजन समाभासं रविपुत्रं यमाग्रजम् छाया

Fassara: "Om nīlāñjana samābhāsaṁ raviputraṁ yamāgrajam chāyā mārtāṇḍa saṁbhūtaṁ tvāṁ namāmi śanīśvaram"

Fassara: Ya Ubangiji, Kai kamar Sapphire mai shudi kake kuma kana sha'awar shudin sapphire, kai dan Ubangiji Suriya ne, kuma Dan'uwan Ubangiji Yama . Kai ne dan Ubangiji Surya da Goddess Chhaya, na sunkuyar da kai Ubangijin Planet Saturn .

 Ranar sadaukarwa 
A ranar Asabar ne ake ganin ya kamata mutum ya bauta wa Ubangiji Shani don ya nisantar da kansa daga sharri da kuma rage wahalhalun rayuwa kamar yadda yake sa albarka ga wadanda suka sadaukar da kansu da son rai ga talakawa ba tare da neman komai ba.  
Shani puja yawanci ana yinsa ne don kiyaye mutum daga illolin Ubangiji Shani.  

 Shani temples a fadin Indiya 


Ana samun temples na Shani a cikin mafi yawan yankuna na Indiya, kamar Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, Puducherry/Pondicherry, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, West Bengal da Andhra Pradesh . Shani Shingnapur Dham musamman sanannen wuri ne mai tsarki mai alaka da Shani. Shani Shinganapur ko Shingnapur kauye ne a jihar Maharashtra ta Indiya. Ana zaune a Nevasa taluka a gundumar Ahmednagar, kauyen sanannen sanannen haikalinsa na Shani. Shingnapur yana da shekaru 35 km daga Ahmednagar .

Fiye da haikalin Shani sune zane-zane masu alaka da allahntaka, wadanda ake samu a cikin kowane nau'in haikalin al'adu daban-daban a cikin addinin Hindu, galibi suna da alaka da Shaivism . Shaharar yin addu'a ga Shani, musamman a ranar Asabar, ya karu sannu a hankali tsawon shekaru. 

 Duba kuma 

 Rigvedic alloli
 Nakshatra
 Jerin temples na Natchhara
 Aditi
 Surya Namaskar
 Kakabhushundi
 Jerin gumakan Hindu
 Jerin temples na Hindu
 Jerin wuraren aikin hajji

 Bayanan kula 

 Kara karantawa 





 Hanyoyin hadi na waje 

 Sunayen Astronomical na Ranakun Mako, M Falk (1999)
 The God Shani ko Planet Saturn  Archived   , Iconongraphy a kan wani shafi a Madurai Meenakshi Temple, Library na Biritaniya
 Shani Chalisa A cikin Hindi Tare da Fayil din PDF na Turanci  Archived  
 Shani Mantra 

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