Ispaniya

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Hispania ko IspaniyaSunayen Ƙasashe da Manyan Birane, BBC. ko Spain (da Turanci), ƙasa ce, da ke a nahiyar Turai.Handbook of European History. Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial España. 1994. ISBN 90-04-09760-0. Archived from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved 4 January 2022.Payne, Stanley G. (1973). "A History of Spain and Portugal; Ch. 13 The Spanish Empire". The Library of Iberian Resources Online. Archived from the original on 8 October 2018. Retrieved 9 August 2008.The Seventeenth-Century Decline". The Library of Iberian resources online. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 13 August 2008. Hispania tana da yawan fili kimanin kilomita arabba'i 505,990. Hispania tana da yawan jama'a 46,468,102, bisa ga ƙidayar yawan jama'a a shekarar ta 2016.Thomas, Hugh (2003). Rivers of gold: the rise of the Spanish Empire. London: George Weidenfeld & Nicolson. p. passim. ISBN 978-0-297-64563-4.The Seventeenth-Century Decline". The Library of Iberian resources online. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 13 August 2008.Rinehart, Robert; Seeley, Jo Ann Browning (1998). "A Country Study: Spain – Spain in Decline". Library of Congress Country Series. Archived from the original on 9 August 2008. Retrieved 9 August 2008. Hispania tana da iyaka da ƙasashen kamar su Faransa, Portugal da kuma Andorra. Babban birnin Hispania, Madrid ne.Serrano Daura, Josep (2019). "Una aproximación a la Corona de Aragón de Fernando el Católico". Revista de Dret Històric Català. 18 (18). Societat Catalana d'Estudis Jurídics: 75. doi:10.2436/20.3004.01.119. ISSN 1578-5300.Phillips, William D.; Phillips, Carla Rahn (2010). A Concise History of Spain. Cambridge University Press. p. 175. ISBN 9780521845137.INEbase / Continuous Population Statistics (CPS). 1 April 2025. Provisional data". ine.es. Retrieved 8 May 2025.

Hispania ta samu yancin kai a shekara ta 1479, saboda haɗewar daulocin Castilla da Aragon.Rinehart, Robert; Seeley, Jo Ann Browning (1998). "A Country Study: Spain – Bourbon Spain". Library of Congress Country Series. Archived from the original on 9 August 2008. Retrieved 9 August 2008.Barómetro de abril 2025: Estudio nº 3505 (in Spanish). Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas. 2025. Retrieved 30 April 2025., 4,009 respondents. The question was ¿Con cuál de los siguientes términos se identifica más?.Barómetro de abril 2025: Estudio nº 3505 (in Spanish). Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas. 2025. Retrieved 30 April 2025., 4,009 respondents. The question was ¿Cómo se define Ud. en materia religiosa: católico/a practicante, católico/a no practicante, creyente de otra religión, agnóstico/a, indiferente o no creyente, o ateo/a?.

 Ilimin kalmomi 
Sunan Spain (España) ya fito ne daga Hispania, sunan da Romawa ke amfani da shi don yankin Iberian Peninsula da lardunanta a lokacin daular Roma."The Spanish Constitution" (in Spanish). Lamoncloa.gob.es. Archived from the original on 25 March 2013. Retrieved 26 April 2013.Presidency of the Government (11 October 1997). "Real Decreto 1560/1997, de 10 de octubre, por el que se regula el Himno Nacional" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado núm. 244 (in Spanish). Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 September 2015Anuario estadístico de España 2008. 1ª parte: entorno físico y medio ambiente" (PDF). Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain) (in Spanish). Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 14 April 2015 Ka'idar asalin kalmar Hispania ba ta da tabbas, kodayake Phoenicians suna kiran yankin a matsayin i-shphan-im mai yiwuwa ma'anar "ƙasar hyraxes", "ƙasar karafa",Surface water and surface water change". Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Archived from the original on 24 March 2021. Retrieved 11 October 2020."World Economic Outlook Database, April 2025 Edition. (Spain)". www.imf.org. International Monetary Fund. 22 April 2025. Retrieved 26 May 2025.Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income – EU-SILC survey". ec.europa.eu. Eurostat. Retrieved 14 February 2025. ko "tsibirin arewa"Human Development Report 2025" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 6 May 2025. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 May 2025. Retrieved 6 May 2025.List of left- & right-driving countries". WorldStandardsEuropean exploration". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 16 May 2024.

A cikin asusun al'ada, i-shphan-im na iya zama tushen asalin Phoenician i-shpania, ma'ana "tsibirin ko ƙasar hyraxes", ko "baki", nuni ga wurin Spain a ƙarshen Bahar Rum; Phoenicians sun kasance ba su saba da zomaye ba, kuma sun rikitar da su don hyraxes.Flynn, Dennis O.; Giráldez Source, Arturo (1995). "Born with a 'Silver Spoon': The Origin of World Trade in 1571". Journal of World History. 6 (2): 202. JSTOR 20078638.Whitehouse, Mark (6 November 2010). "Number of the Week: $10.2 Trillion in Global Borrowing". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 20 September 2017Spanish Constitution 1978, Article 1. Tsabar Romawa sun buge a yankin tun daga zamanin Hadrian sun nuna wata mace mai zomo a ƙafafunta,Arechaga, Juan (2009). "Science in Hispania: Spain and Portugal on the main route again". The International Journal of Developmental Biology. 53 (8–10): 1119–1122. doi:10.1387/ijdb.093019ja. PMID 19924620.572 millones de personas hablan español, cinco millones más que hace un año, y aumentarán a 754 millones a mediados de siglo". www.cervantes.es (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 13 May 2021.Dietler, Michael; López-Ruiz, Carolina (2009). Colonial Encounters in Ancient Iberia. University of Chicago Press. p. 274, n. 53. ISBN 978-0-226-14847-2. kuma Strabo ya kira ta "ƙasar zomaye".Burke, Ulick Ralph (1895). A History of Spain from the Earliest Times to the Death of Ferdinand the Catholic, Volume 1. London: Longmans, Green & Co. p. 12. hdl:2027/hvd.fl29jg.Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Spain" . Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.Rinehart, Robert; Seeley, Jo Ann Browning (1998). "A Country Study: Spain – Castile and Aragon". Library of Congress Country Series. Archived from the original on 22 September 2008. Retrieved 9 August 2008.

Masanin ilimin kimiyya na Semitic Jesús Luis Cunchillos [es] da José Ángel Zamora hasashe, bayan binciken kwatancen tsakanin harsunan Semitic da yawa, cewa sunan Phoenician yana fassara a matsayin "ƙasar da aka ƙirƙira karafa",Payne, Stanley G. (1973). "A History of Spain and Portugal; Ch. 2 Al-Andalus". The Library of Iberian Resources Online. Archived from the original on 8 October 2018. Retrieved 9 August 2008.Islamic and Christian Spain in the Early Middle Ages. Chapter 5: Ethnic Relations Archived 3 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Thomas F. GlickClassen, Albrecht (31 August 2015). Handbook of Medieval Culture. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. ISBN 9783110267303. Archived from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2018 – via Google Books. bayan da suka ƙaddara cewa sunan ya samo asali ne dangane da ma'adinan zinare na Iberian Peninsula.Lansing, Carol; English, Edward D. (2012). A Companion to the Medieval World. John Wiley & Sons. p. 323. ISBN 978-1-118-49946-7.Salicrú i Lluch, Roser (2020). "Granada and Its International Contacts". The Nasrid Kingdom of Granada between East and West. Brill. pp. 124–125. doi:10.1163/9789004443594_006. ISBN 9789004443594. S2CID 243153050. Archived from the VAN ZANDEN, JAN LUITEN; BURINGH, ELTJO; BOSKER, MAARTEN (29 July 2011). "The rise and decline of European parliaments, 1188-17891". The Economic History Review. 65 (3): 835–861. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0289.2011.00612.x. hdl:10.1111/j.1468-0289.2011.00612.x. ISSN 0013-0117. S2CID 154956049. Archived from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved 24 November 2022. Cunchillos yayi jayayya cewa tushen kalmar span shine kalmar Phoenician ɗan leƙen asiri, ma'ana 'don ƙirƙira karafa'. Don haka i-spn-ya yana nufin “ƙasar da ake ƙirƙira karafa”Spanish Inquisition left genetic legacy in Iberia". New Scientist. 4 December 2008. Archived from the original on 28 March 2014. Retrieved 18 January 2014.The Treaty of Granada, 1492". Islamic Civilisation. Archived from the original on 24 September 2008. Retrieved 13 August 2008.Rinehart, Robert; Seeley, Jo Ann Browning (1998). "A Country Study: Spain – The Golden Age". Library of Congress Country Series. Archived from the original on 9 August 2008. Retrieved 9 August 2008.

 Tarihi 
Binciken archaeological a Atapuerca ya nuna cewa yankin Iberian yana da yawan mutanen da ke zaune a cikin shekaru miliyan 1.3 da suka wuce.Imperial Spain". University of Calgary. Archived from the original on 29 June 2008. Retrieved 13 August 2008.Handbook of European History. Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial España. 1994. ISBN 90-04-09760-0. Archived from the original on 12 September 2023Payne, Stanley G. (1973). "A History of Spain and Portugal; Ch. 13 The Spanish Empire". The Library of Iberian Resources Online. Archived from the original on 8 October 2018. Retrieved 9 August 2008.

Mutanen zamani sun fara isa Iberia daga arewa da ƙafa kimanin shekaru 35,000 da suka wuce.Thomas, Hugh (2003). Rivers of gold: the rise of the Spanish Empire. London: George Weidenfeld & Nicolson. p. passim. ISBN 978-0-297-64563-4.The Seventeenth-Century Decline". The Library of Iberian resources online. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 13 August 2008.Payne, Stanley G. (1973). "A History of Spain and Portugal; Ch. 14 Spanish Society and Economics in the Imperial Age". The Library of Iberian Resources Online. Archived from the original on 8 October 2018. Retrieved 9 August 2008. Shahararrun kayan tarihi na waɗannan matsugunan ɗan adam kafin tarihi su ne zane-zane a cikin kogon Altamira na Cantabria a arewacin Iberia, waɗanda Cro-Magnon ya ƙirƙira daga 35,600 zuwa 13,500 KZ.Payne, Stanley G. (1973). "A History of Spain and Portugal; Ch. 14 Spanish Society and Economics in the Imperial Age". The Library of Iberian Resources Online. Archived from the original on 8 October 2018. Retrieved 9 August 2008.Rinehart, Robert; Seeley, Jo Ann Browning (1998). "A Country Study: Spain – Spain in Decline". Library of Congress Country Series. Archived from the original on 9 August 2008. Retrieved 9 August 2008.Serrano Daura, Josep (2019). "Una aproximación a la Corona de Aragón de Fernando el Católico". Revista de Dret Històric Català. 18 (18). Societat Catalana d'Estudis Jurídics: 75. doi:10.2436/20.3004.01.119. ISSN 1578-5300. Shaidun archaeological da kwayoyin halitta sun nuna cewa yankin Iberian Peninsula ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan gudun hijira da yawa daga arewacin Turai bayan ƙarshen lokacin ƙanƙara na ƙarshe.Phillips, William D.; Phillips, Carla Rahn (2010). A Concise History of Spain. Cambridge University Press. p. 175. ISBN 9780521845137.Rinehart, Robert; Seeley, Jo Ann Browning (1998). "A Country Study: Spain – Bourbon Spain". Library of Congress Country Series. Archived from the original on 9 August 2008. Retrieved 9 August 2008.Casey, James (1999). Early Modern Spain: A Social History. Routledge. p. 83. ISBN 9780415138130.

Ƙungiyoyin biyu mafi girma da ke zaune a yankin Iberian kafin cin nasarar Romawa su ne Iberian da Celts.Martínez Shaw, Carlos (2016). "El Despotismo Ilustrado en España: entre la continuidad y el cambio" (PDF). El Siglo de las Luces: III Centenario del Nacimiento de José de Hermosilla (1715-1776). Sociedad Extremeña de Historia. p. 14. ISBN 978-84-608-8037-0. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 April 2022. Retrieved 13 April 2022.David A. Bell. "Napoleon's Total War". TheHistoryNet.comMartínez Shaw 2016, pp. 14, 23 Iberian sun zauna a gefen tekun Bahar Rum na tsibirin. Celts sun zauna da yawa daga ciki da ɓangarorin Atlantika na tsibirin.(Gates 2001, p. 467.)Alvar Ezquerra, Jaime (2001). Diccionario de historia de España. Ediciones Akal. p. 209. ISBN 978-84-7090-366-3. Cortes of Cádiz (1812) was the first parliament of Spain with sovereign power(Gates 2001, p. 467.) Basques sun mamaye yankin yammacin tsaunin Pyrenees da yankunan da ke kusa;Rodríguez. Independence of Spanish America. Cambridge University Press. Archived from the original on 10 March 2020. Retrieved 20 June 2013. It met as one body, and its members represented the entire Spanish worldCruz Artacho, Salvador (2003). "Caciquismo y mundo rural durante la Restauración". In Gutiérrez, Rosa Ana; Zurita, Rafael; Camurri, Renato (eds.). Elecciones y cultura política en España e Italia (1890–1923). Valencia: Universitat de València. p. 33. ISBN 84-370-5672-1. Archived from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved 13 September 2020.Costa, Joaquín. Oligarquía y caciquismo, Colectivismo agrario y otros escritos: (Antología). ’Yan Tartessiyan da suka rinjayi Phoenician sun bunƙasa a kudu maso yamma; da Lusitanians da Vettones sun mamaye yankuna a tsakiyar yamma.Meaker, Gerald H. (1974). The Revolutionary Left in Spain, 1914–1923. Stanford University Press. p. 159 ff. ISBN 0-8047-0845-2.Meaker, Gerald H. (1974). The Revolutionary Left in Spain, 1914–1923. Stanford University Press. p. 159 ff. ISBN 0-8047-0845-2.Relatives of Spaniards who fled Franco granted citizenship". The Daily Telegraph. London. 28 December 2008. Archived from the original on 23 July 2013. Retrieved 18 January 2014. Phoeniciyawa ne suka kafa garuruwa da yawa a bakin tekun, kuma Girkawa a Gabas suka kafa sansanonin kasuwanci da mamaya.Óscar, Martín García (May 2023). "Soft Power, Modernization, and Security: US Educational Foreign Policy Toward Authoritarian Spain in the Cold War". History of Education Quarterly. 63 (2): 198–220. doi:10.1017/heq.2023.5. hdl:10251/201668. ISSN 0018-2680. S2CID 258190145.Contubernio de Múnich: 50 años". Archived from the original on 21 October 2014.Villena, Miguel Ángel (9 June 2012). "El contubernio que preparó la democracia". EL PAÍS. Archived from the original on 5 April 2013. Daga ƙarshe, Phoenician-Carthaginians sun faɗaɗa cikin ƙasa zuwa meseta; duk da haka, saboda ƙabilun bellicose na cikin gida, Carthaginians sun zauna a bakin tekun Iberian Peninsula."El contubernio de Munich". La Vanguardia. 4 June 2012. Archived from the original on 26 October 2014. Retrieved 17 September 2014.Speech by Mrs Nicole FONTAINE, President of the European Parliament on the occasion of the presentation of the Sakharov Prize 2000 to Basta ya!". Archived from the original on 2 October 2016.King Orders army to crush coup". The Guardian. 23 February 1981. Archived from the original on 5 October 2017. Retrieved 19 March 2020.

 Ilimin ƙasa 
A 505,992 km2 (195,365 sq mi), Spain ita ce kasa ta hamsin a duniya kuma kasa ta hudu mafi girma a Turai.Costa, Joaquín. Oligarquía y caciquismo, Colectivismo agrario y otros escritos: (Antología)."Catalonia independence: Rajoy dissolves Catalan parliament". BBC News. Barcelona, Madrid. 27 October 2017. Archived from the original on 28 October 2017. Retrieved 27 October 2017.Meaker, Gerald H. (1974). The Revolutionary Left in Spain, 1914–1923. Stanford University Press. p. 159 ff. ISBN 0-8047-0845-2. A tsayin mita 3,715 (12,188 ft), Dutsen Teide (Tenerife) shine kololuwar dutse mafi girma a Spain kuma shine dutsen mai aman wuta na uku a duniya daga tushe.Relatives of Spaniards who fled Franco granted citizenship". The Daily Telegraph. London. 28 December 2008. Archived from the original on 23 July 2013. Retrieved 18 January 2014.Sandford, Alasdair (27 October 2017). "Catalonia: what direct rule from Madrid could mean". euronews. Archived from the original on 27 October 2017. Retrieved 27 October 2017.Óscar, Martín García (May 2023). "Soft Power, Modernization, and Security: US Educational Foreign Policy Toward Authoritarian Spain in the Cold War". History of Education Quarterly. 63 (2): 198–220. doi:10.1017/heq.2023.5. hdl:10251/201668. ISSN 0018-2680. S2CID 258190145. Spain kasa ce mai wuce gona da iri, tana da yanki a Turai da Afirka.Contubernio de Múnich: 50 años". Archived from the original on 21 October 2014.El contubernio de Munich". La Vanguardia. 4 June 2012. Archived from the original on 26 October 2014. Retrieved 17 September 2014.Minder, Raphael (June 2018). "Spain's Prime Minister, Mariano Rajoy, Is Ousted in No-Confidence Vote". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 19 June 2018. Retrieved 18 June 2018.

A yamma, Spain tana iyaka da Portugal; a kudu, yana da iyaka da Gibraltar da Maroko, ta hanyar tsaunuka a Arewacin Afirka (Ceuta da Melilla, da kuma tsibirin de Vélez de la Gomera).Speech by Mrs Nicole FONTAINE, President of the European Parliament on the occasion of the presentation of the Sakharov Prize 2000 to Basta ya!". Archived from the original on 2 October 2016.Spanish institutional crisis triggered by legal block of judicial reform". The Irish Times. Archived from the original on 4 August 2023. Retrieved 4 August 2023.King Orders army to crush coup". The Guardian. 23 February 1981. Archived from the original on 5 October 2017. Retrieved 19 March 2020. A arewa maso gabas, tare da tsaunin Pyrenees, yana da iyaka da Faransa da Andorra.Pfanner, Eric (11 July 2002). "Economy reaps benefits of entry to the 'club': Spain's euro bonanza". International Herald Tribune. Archived from the original on 1 May 2011. Retrieved 9 August 2008. See also: "Spain's economy / Plain sailing no longer". The Economist. 3 May 2007. Archived from the original on 13 June 2008. Retrieved 9 August 2008.Woolf, Steven H.; Masters, Ryan K.; Aron, Laudan Y. (24 June 2021). "Effect of the covid-19 pandemic in 2020 on life expectancy across populations in the USA and other high income countries: simulations of provisional mortality data". BMJ. 373: n1343. doi:10.1136/bmj.n1343. ISSN 1756-1833. PMC 8220857. PMID 34162598.Al-Qaeda 'claims Madrid bombings'". BBC. 14 March 2004. Archived from the original on 24 June 2006. Retrieved 13 August 2008. See also: "Madrid bombers get long sentences". BBC. 31 October 2007. Archived from the original on 14 January 2021. Retrieved 13 August 2008. Tare da Pyrenees a Girona, wani ƙaramin gari mai suna Llívia yana kewaye da Faransa."An election bombshell". The Economist. 18 March 2004. Archived from the original on 19 March 2020. Retrieved 19 March 2020.An election bombshell". The Economist. 18 March 2004. Archived from the original on 19 March 2020. Retrieved 19 March 2020.Borraz, Marta (18 March 2021). "Luz verde definitiva: la ley de eutanasia ya es una realidad en España tras superar su último trámite en el Congreso". ElDiario.es (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 18 March 2021. Retrieved 19 March 2021

Tsayawa zuwa kilomita 1,214 (754 mi), iyakar Portugal-Spain ita ce iyaka mafi tsayi da ba ta yankewa a cikin Tarayyar Turai.Ortiz, Fiona (22 April 2013). "Spain's population falls as immigrants flee crisis". Reuters. Archived from the original on 2 September 2017. Retrieved 2 September 2017.Spain legalises gay marriage". The Guardian. 30 June 2005. Archived from the original on 21 February 2020. Retrieved 19 March 2020.Bayer, Lili (16 November 2023). "Socialist leader Pedro Sánchez wins new term as Spanish PM following election gamble – as it happened". the Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 7 December 2023. Retrieved 7 December 2023.

 Tsibiri 
Har ila yau, Spain ta haɗa da tsibirin Balearic a cikin Tekun Bahar Rum, da Canary Islands a cikin Tekun Atlantika da kuma wasu tsibiran da ba su zauna ba a gefen Tekun Gibraltar,Villena, Miguel Ángel (9 June 2012). "El contubernio que preparó la democracia". EL PAÍS. Archived from the original on 5 April 2013.El apoyo a la independencia de Catalunya baja del 40%, según una encuesta del ICPS". 13 January 2023"El contubernio de Munich". La Vanguardia. 4 June 2012. Archived from the original on 26 October 2014. Retrieved 17 September 2014. wanda aka sani da plazas de soberanía ("wuraren mulkin mallaka", ko yankunan da ke ƙarƙashin ikon mallakar Mutanen Espanya), irin su tsibirin Chafarinas da Alhucemas.King Orders army to crush coup". The Guardian. 23 February 1981. Archived from the original on 5 October 2017. Retrieved 19 March 2020.Medina García, Eusebio (2006). «Orígenes históricos y ambigüedad de la frontera hispano-lusa (La Raya)» Archived 25 May 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Revista de Estudios Extremeños. Tomo LXII (II Mayo-Agosto). ISSN 0210-2854, pp. 713–723.Speech by Mrs Nicole FONTAINE, President of the European Parliament on the occasion of the presentation of the Sakharov Prize 2000 to Basta ya!". Archived from the original on 2 October 2016. Yankin de Vélez de la Gomera kuma ana ɗaukarsa azaman plaza de soberanía. Tsibirin Alborán, dake cikin Tekun Bahar Rum tsakanin Spain da Arewacin Afirka, shi ma Spain ne ke gudanar da shi, musamman na gundumar Almería, Andalusia."Al-Qaeda 'claims Madrid bombings'". BBC. 14 March 2004. Archived from the original on 24 June 2006. Retrieved 13 August 2008. See also: "Madrid bombers get long sentences". BBC. 31 October 2007. Archived from the original on 14 January 2021. Retrieved 13 August 2008.Pfanner, Eric (11 July 2002). "Economy reaps benefits of entry to the 'club': Spain's euro bonanza". International Herald Tribune. Archived from the original on 1 May 2011. Retrieved 9 August 2008. See also: "Spain's economy / Plain sailing no longer". The Economist. 3 May 2007. Archived from the original on 13 June 2008. Retrieved 9 August 2008.World Map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification updated – (see p.3)" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 April 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2011. Ƙananan Tsibirin Pheasant a cikin Kogin Bidasoa ƙaƙƙarfan ƙauye ne na Mutanen Espanya-Faransa.Bailey, Dominic (14 March 2004). "Spain votes under a shadow". BBC. Archived from the original on 25 August 2004. Retrieved 13 August 2008.An election bombshell". The Economist. 18 March 2004. Archived from the original on 19 March 2020. Retrieved 19 March 2020."Evolucion de los climas de Koppen en España: 1951-2020" (PDF). Agencia Estatal de Meteorologia. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 February 2024. Retrieved 8 February 2024.

Akwai manyan tsibiran guda 11 a Spain, dukkansu suna da nasu hukumomin gudanarwa (Cabildos insulares in the Canaries, Consells insulars in Baleares).Ortiz, Fiona (22 April 2013). "Spain's population falls as immigrants flee crisis". Reuters. Archived from the original on 2 September 2017. Retrieved 2 September 2017Spain legalises gay marriage". The Guardian. 30 June 2005. Archived from the original on 21 February 2020. Retrieved 19 March 2020.World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal". World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal. Retrieved 17 August 2021 Wadannan tsibiran suna musamman ne da Tsarin Mulkin Spain ya ambata, lokacin da yake daidaita wakilcin Sanata (Ibiza da Formentera an haɗa su, yayin da suke tare da tsibiran Pityusic, ɓangare na tsibiran Balearic).Tremlett, Giles (5 September 2010). "Basque separatists Eta announce ceasefire". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 19 March 2020. Retrieved 19 March 2020.Spain's Indignados protest here to stay". BBC News. 15 May 2012. Archived from the original on 19 March 2020. Retrieved 19 March 2020.Medina, Miguel Ángel; Tasca, Elisa (12 August 2021). "Weather experts on Spain's heatwave: 'A summer like this will be considered cold in 30 years' time'". EL PAÍS. Retrieved 17 August 2021. Wadannan tsibiran sun hada da Tenerife, Gran Canaria, Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, La Palma, La Gomera da El Hierro a cikin tsibiran Canarian da Mallorca, Ibiza, Menorca da Formentera a cikin tsibiran Balearic.Rajoy ahoy". The Economist. 21 November 2011. Archived from the original on 19 March 2020. Retrieved 19 March 2020Pleitgen, Fred; Otto, Claudia; Paddison, Laura (2 May 2023). "Disappearing lakes, dead crops and trucked-in water: Drought-stricken Spain is running dry". CNN. Retrieved 30 May 2023T. Estrela; M.A. Pérez-Martin; E. Vargas (2012). "Impacts of climate change on water resources in Spain". Hydrological Sciences Journal. 57 (6): 1154–1167. Bibcode:2012HydSJ..57.1154E.

 Duwatsu da koguna 
Mainland Spain wani yanki ne mai tsaunuka, wanda manyan tudu da sarƙoƙin tsaunuka suka mamaye. Bayan Pyrenees, manyan jeri na tsaunuka sune Cordillera Cantábrica (Cantabrian Range),Tremlett, Giles (11 July 2012). "Mariano Rajoy announces €65bn in austerity measures for Spain". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 19 March 2020. Retrieved 19 March 2020.Rinehart, Robert; Seeley, Jo Ann Browning (1998). "A Country Study: Spain. Chapter 1 – Hispania". Library of Congress Country Series. Archived from the original on 22 September 2008. Retrieved 9 August 2008.Alonso Villalobos, Carlos (1984). "Contribución al estudio de las invasiones mauritanas de la Bética en el siglo II" (PDF). Actas del II Congreso Andaluz deEstudios Clásicos. Vol. II. Sociedad Española de Estudios Clásicos. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 July 2022. Retrieved 5 July 2022. Sistema Ibérico (Tsarin Iberian), Sistema Central (Tsarin Tsakiya), Montes de Toledo, Saliyo Morena da Sistema Bético (Tsarin Baetic) wanda mafi girman kololuwa, 3,478-mita-111lhaé, Saliyo, Saliyo, 11, 3,478-mita-111l, Saliyo.Spain king: Juan Carlos signs his abdication". BBC News. 18 June 2014. Archived from the original on 19 March 2020. Retrieved 19 March 2020.Islamic and Christian Spain in the Early Middle Ages. Chapter 5: Ethnic Relations Archived 3 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Thomas F. GlickRinehart, Robert; Seeley, Jo Ann Browning (1998). "A Country Study: Spain – Castile and Aragon". Library of Congress Country Series. Archived from the original on 22 September 2008. Retrieved 9 August 2008. shine mafi girma a cikin yankin Iberian Peninsula. Mafi girman matsayi a Spain shine Teide, wani dutse mai tsauri mai tsawon mita 3,718 (12,198 ft) a cikin tsibirin Canary.Ríos, Pere; Piñol, Àngels (27 October 2017). "El Parlament de Cataluña aprueba la resolución para declarar la independencia". El País (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 29 October 2017.Payne, Stanley G. (1973). "A History of Spain and Portugal; Ch. 2 Al-Andalus". The Library of Iberian Resources Online. Archived from the original on 8 October 2018. Retrieved 9 August 2008.Payne, Stanley G. (1973). "A History of Spain and Portugal; Ch. 2 Al-Andalus". The Library of Iberian Resources Online. Archived from the original on 8 October 2018. Retrieved 9 August 2008.Lansing, Carol; English, Edward D. (2012). A Companion to the Medieval World. John Wiley & Sons. p. 323. ISBN 978-1-118-49946-7. Tsakiyar Meseta (wanda galibi ana fassara shi da 'Plateau na ciki') wani babban fili ne a cikin tsakiyar yankin Spain wanda Sistema Central ya raba gida biyu.Alandete, David (27 October 2017). "Análisis. Is Catalonia independent?". El País. Archived from the original on 28 October 2017.Scheen, Rolf (1996). "Viking raids on the spanish peninsula". Militaria. Revista de Cultura Militar (8): 67–73. Archived from the original on 13 April 2022. Retrieved 13 April 2022.Classen, Albrecht (31 August 2015). Handbook of Medieval Culture. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. ISBN 9783110267303. Archived from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2018 – via Google Books.

Akwai manyan koguna da yawa a Spain kamar Tagus (Tajo), Ebro, Guadiana, Douro (Duero), Guadalquivir, Júcar, Segura, Turia da Minho (Miño).VAN ZANDEN, JAN LUITEN; BURINGH, ELTJO; BOSKER, MAARTEN (29 July 2011). "The rise and decline of European parliaments, 1188-17891". The Economic History Review. 65 (3): 835–861. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0289.2011.00612.x. hdl:10.1111/j.1468-0289.2011.00612.x. ISSN 0013-0117. S2CID 154956049. Archived from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved 24 November 2022.Catalan crisis: Regional MPs debate Spain takeover bid". BBC. 26 October 2017. Archived from the original on 26 October 2017. Retrieved 27 October 2017"Spanish Inquisition left genetic legacy in Iberia". New Scientist. 4 December 2008. Archived from the original on 28 March 2014. Retrieved 18 January 2014. Ana samun filayen Alluvial tare da bakin teku, mafi girma daga cikinsu shine na Guadalquivir a Andalusia.Catalan crisis: Spain PM Rajoy demands direct rule". BBC. 27 October 2017. Archived from the original on 29 October 2017. Retrieved 27 October 2017.The Treaty of Granada, 1492". Islamic Civilisation. Archived from the original on 24 September 2008. Retrieved 13 August 2008.Rinehart, Robert; Seeley, Jo Ann Browning (1998). "A Country Study: Spain – The Golden Age". Library of Congress Country Series. Archived from the original on 9 August 2008. Retrieved 9 August 2008.

 Mulki 

 Kambi 
Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Spain ya tanadi rarrabuwar madafun iko tsakanin rassa biyar na gwamnati, wanda yake nufin “tushen cibiyoyin gwamnati”T. Estrela; M.A. Pérez-Martin; E. Vargas (2012). "Impacts of climate change on water resources in Spain". Hydrological Sciences Journal. 57 (6): 1154–1167.Renewable energies in Spain". Institute for the Diversification and Saving of EnergyBiodiversity in Spain". Climatechangepost.com. Archived from the original on 24 September 2022. Retrieved 24 September 2022. Mafi girma daga cikin waɗannan cibiyoyi shine Crown (La Corona), alamar ƙasar Spain da dawwama.John Hooper, The New Spaniards, 2001, From Dictatorship to DemocracySpain's fast-living king turns 70 Archived 6 January 2010 at the Wayback Machine BBC News Friday, 4 January 2008 Extracted 18 June 2009Spanish Constitution 1978 "Spain" Masarautar majalisar dokoki" tsarin mulki ne wanda sarki ko sarauniya mai mulki shine tsarin sarauta kuma don haka shine shugaban ƙasa. hatta shugaban gudanarwa na suna.HM The King's address to the Cortes Generales on the occasion of his accession". Casa de Su Majestad El Rey. 19 June 2014.Institutions of Spain". La Moncloa, the Office of the President of the Government. Retrieved 15 April 2024.Section 86, Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 11 April 2024.Section 1 (3), Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024.Section 56 (1), Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024.Shelley, Fred M. (2015). Governments around the World: From Democracies to Theocracies. ABC-CLIO. p. 197. ISBN 978-1-4408-3813-2. Archived from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved 2 October 2018. Maimakon haka, Crown, a matsayin ma'aikata, "... yana yanke hukunci kuma yana daidaita ayyukan cibiyoyi na yau da kullum..." na kasar Spain.Article 3, Constitution Act of the Kingdom of Denmark". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024Article 33, Constitution of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024Article 37, Constitution of the Kingdom of Belgium". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024. Don haka, sarkin yakan warware rigingimu a tsakanin rassa da ba safai ba, yana sasanta rigingimun tsarin mulki, da kuma hana cin zarafi."Article 42, Constitution of the Kingdom of the Netherlands". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024.Article 3, Constitution of the Kingdom of Norway". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024Robert Blackburn (2022). O. Lepsius; A. Nußberger; C. Schönberger; C. Waldhoff & C. Walter (eds.). "The Constitutional Role and Working of the Monarchy in the United Kingdom". Jahrbuch des Öffentlichen Rechts der Gegenwart. Neue Folge. 70. Mohr Siebeck (published 2 June 2022): 181–201. doi:10.1628/joer-2022-0009. S2CID 257830288. Archived from the original on 19 June 2023. Retrieved 19 June 2023.Sodré, Nelson Werneck (2004). Panorama do Segundo Império (in Portuguese) (2 ed.). Rio de Janeiro: Graphia. p. 91.

Ta wannan fanni, Crown ya zama reshe na biyar mai daidaitawa wanda baya aiwatar da manufofin jama'a ko gudanar da ayyukan jama'a, ayyukan da suka rataya a wuyan zababbun majalisun dokokin Spain da gwamnatoci a matakin kasa da yanki.Torres, João Camilo de Oliveira (2017). A democracia coroada (PDF) (in Portuguese). Brasília: Câmara dos Deputados. pp. 105–106. ISBN 978-85-402-0667-0.Faoro, Raymundo (2001). Os Donos do Poder (PDF) (in Portuguese). Globo. pp. 343–344. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 August 2016.Sousa, Galvão (1962). História do Direito Político Brasileiro (in Portuguese) (2 ed.). São Paulo: Saraiva. pp. 125–126. Madadin haka, Crown ya keɓanta ƙasar Spain ta dimokiraɗiyya, ta sanya takunkumi na halal, yana tabbatar da haƙƙin hanyoyin, kuma yana ba da tabbacin aiwatar da nufin jama'a.McCaughey, J. Davis (1993). The Crown at State Level (Speech). Hugo Wolfsohn Memorial Lecture. Melbourne, Victoria, Australia: La Trobe University. Retrieved 15 April 2024.Walther L. Bernecker (January 1998). "Monarchy and Democracy: The Political Role of King Juan Carlos in the Spanish Transicion". Journal of Contemporary History. 33 (1): 65–84. doi:10.1177/003200949803300104. JSTOR 260997Arthur Bousfield & Gary Toffoli, ed. (1991). Royal Observations: Canadians and Royalty. Toronto, Ontario, Canada: Dundurn Press. A wata hanya, sarkin yana ƙarfafa haɗin kan ƙasa a cikin gida, yana wakiltar Mutanen Espanya a ƙasashen waje (musamman game da al'ummomin al'ummarsu na tarihi),"Section 98 (1), Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 11 April 2024."Section 97, Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024.Section 100, Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 11 April 2024. yana sauƙaƙe gudanar da aiki da ci gaba na gwamnatin Spain, yana kare dimokuradiyya na wakilai, da kuma kiyaye doka.Walther L. Bernecker (January 1998). "Monarchy and Democracy: The Political Role of King Juan Carlos in the Spanish Transicion". Journal of Contemporary History. 33 (1): 65–84. doi:10.1177/003200949803300104. JSTOR 260997Section 56 (3), Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024.The Monitor's Editorial Board (4 June 2019). "The Spanish king who set, then saved, democracy". Christian Science Monitor. Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 17 August 2024 A wasu kalmomi, Crown shine mai kula da kundin tsarin mulkin Spain da kuma haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin mallaka da yancin duk Mutanen Espanya.Section 65, Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024.Section 64, Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024.Section 91, Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024. Wannan rawar tabbatacciyar rawar da take takawa ita ce kiyaye rantsuwar da sarki ya yi bayan hawansa"Section 62 (b), Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024.Section 62 (a), Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024."Section 68 (4), Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024.... don aiwatar da ayyukan da aminci, yin biyayya ga Tsarin Mulki da dokoki da tabbatar da cewa an yi musu biyayya, da kuma mutunta haƙƙin al'ummomin 8.Section 69 (6), Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024.Section 116 (5), Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024."Section 168, Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024.

Yawancin iko, ayyuka, haƙƙoƙi, nauyi, da ayyuka da tsarin mulki ya ba wa sarki a matsayinsa na shugaban ƙasa.Section 123 (2), Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024.Section 160, Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024.Section 62 (e), Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024. Duk da haka, Crown yana jin daɗin rashin tauyewa wajen aiwatar da waɗannan haƙƙoƙin kuma ba za a iya gurfanar da shi a gaban kotuna waɗanda ke yin shari'a da sunansa ba.Section 124 (4), Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024.Section 62 (f), Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024.Section 152 (1), Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024. Don haka, duk wani aiki na hukuma da sarki ya yi yana buƙatar firaminista ya sa hannu a kai ko kuma, idan ya dace, shugaban majalisar wakilai ya sami ikon doka.Section 62 (h), Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024.Section 63 (3), Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024.Section 63 (2), Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024. Hanyar sake sanya hannu ko sake sakewa ta kuma canza alhaki na siyasa da na shari'a ga haƙƙin sarauta ga waɗanda suka ba da shaida.Section 63 (1), Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024.Section 62 (j), Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024.Section 62 (i), Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024. Wannan tanadin bai shafi gidan sarauta ba, wanda sarkin ke samun cikakken iko da kulawa, ko kuma shiga cikin Order of the Golden Fleece, wanda tsari ne na dynastic a cikin kyautar gidan Bourbon-Anjou.Functions of the Head of State". Royal Household of Spain. Retrieved 15 April 2024.Section 62 (g), Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024.Section 115, Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024.

Ana iya rarraba haƙƙoƙin sarauta ta ko aikin minista ne ko kuma ikon ajiyewa.Section 122 (3), Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024.Section 92, Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024.Section 159 (1), Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024. Ayyukan ministoci sune haƙƙin sarauta waɗanda suke, bisa ga babban taron da Juan Carlos I ya kafa, wanda sarkin ya yi bayan neman shawarar Gwamnati, Majalisar Wakilai, Majalisar Dattijai, Babban Majalisar Shari'a, ko Kotun Tsarin Mulki, kamar yadda lamarin yake. A daya bangaren kuma, ikon da aka kebe na Sarautar su ne wa]anda ake gudanar da su bisa ga ra'ayin sarki.Section 62 (d), Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024.Section 99, Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 15 April 2024.Section 66, Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 11 April 2024. Yawancin haƙƙin sarautar masarautar sarauta ce a aikace, ma'ana sarkin ba shi da hurumin aiwatar da hukuncin kisa da farko yana aiwatar da su ne a matsayin al'amuran jihar.Section 68, Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 11 April 2024.Section 69, Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 11 April 2024.Composition of the Senate". Senate of Spain. Retrieved 11 April 2024. Amma duk da haka, lokacin da yake gudanar da ayyuka na ministoci, sarki yana da hakkin a tuntube shi kafin ya yi aiki da shawarwari, da hakkin karfafa wata hanya ta siyasa ko aiki, da kuma hakkin gargadin hukumomin tsarin mulki da ke da alhakin hakan. Wadancan ayyuka na ministoci sune kamar haka.Composition of the Senate". Senate of Spain. Retrieved 11 April 2024.Section 97, Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 11 April 2024.Part V. Relations Between the Government and the Cortes Generales, Spanish Constitution". Constitute Project. Retrieved 11 April 2024.

Hotuna

 Manazarta 

Category:Ƙasashen Turai