Prag

Prag ko Purag (da harshen Cek: Praha; da Turanci, da Faransanci: Prague) shi ne babban birnin kasar Jamhuriyar Czech. Yawan na birnin fiye da mutane miliyan ɗaya. Prague ne mafi girma a birnin a Jamhuriyar Czech. Wannan birni ɗaya daga cikin muhimman kasuwanci, al’adu da yawon shakatawa cibiyoyin a Tsakiyar Turai. Prag na akan kogin Vltava ne.

Prague birni ne na tarihi tare da Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance da gine-ginen Baroque. Ita ce babban birnin Masarautar Bohemia kuma mazaunin sarakunan Romawa masu tsarki da yawa, musamman Charles IV (r. 1346–1378) da Rudolf II (r. 1575–1611)."Brief History of Prague, Czech Republic | Prague.com". prague.com. Archived from the original on 22 February 2024. Retrieved 27 March 2024.Birni ne mai mahimmanci ga masarautar Habsburg da Austria-Hungary. Birnin ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin Bohemian da sauye-sauyen Furotesta, Yaƙin Shekaru Talatin da kuma a cikin tarihi na ƙarni na 20 a matsayin babban birnin Czechoslovakia tsakanin Yaƙin Duniya da zamanin Kwaminisanci bayan yaƙi."Short History of Bohemia, Moravia and then Czechoslovakia and Czech Republic". hedgie.eu. 2015. Archived from the original on 18 May 2016. Retrieved 7 April 2016.
Prague gida ne ga al'adun al'adu da dama da suka hada da Prague Castle, Charles Bridge, Old Town Square tare da agogon astronomical Prague, Quarter Yahudawa, Dutsen Petřín da Vyšehrad. Tun 1992, cibiyar tarihi ta Prague ta kasance cikin jerin wuraren tarihi na UNESCO.

Garin yana da manyan gidajen tarihi sama da goma, tare da gidajen wasan kwaikwayo da yawa, gidajen tarihi, sinima, da sauran abubuwan tarihi. Babban tsarin sufurin jama'a na zamani ya haɗa birnin. Gida ce ga makarantu da yawa na jama'a da masu zaman kansu, gami da Jami'ar Charles a Prague, jami'a mafi tsufa a Turai ta Tsakiya.

An rarraba Prague a matsayin "Beta+" birni na duniya bisa ga binciken GaWC."The World According to GaWC 2020". GaWC. Archived from the original on 10 January 2025. Retrieved 17 January 2025.A cikin 2019, Fihirisar PICSA ta sanya birnin a matsayin birni na 13 mafi kyawun rayuwa a duniya."The PICSA Index". PICSA. Archived from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 2 July 2021.Babban tarihinta ya sa ya zama sanannen wurin yawon buɗe ido kuma tun daga 2017, birnin yana karɓar baƙi sama da miliyan 8.5 na duniya kowace shekara. A cikin 2017, an jera Prague a matsayin birni na biyar da aka fi ziyarta a Turai bayan London, Paris, Rome, da Istanbul."Top 100 City Destinations Revealed: Prague among Most Visited in the World". Expats.cz. 8 November 2017. Archived from the original on 29 August 2018. Retrieved 28 August 2018.

Hotuna 

Category:Biranen Kazech

Sunanta
Duba kuma: Sunayen garuruwan Turai a cikin yaruka daban-daban (M–P) § P
Sunan Czech Praha ya samo asali ne daga tsohuwar kalmar Slavic, práh, wanda ke nufin "ford" ko "sauri", yana nufin asalin birnin a mashigar kogin Vltava."What's in a Name? (Prague History Lesson)". Prague Summer Program for Writers. 22 February 2016. Archived from the original on 14 March 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2016.

Wani ra'ayi game da asalin sunan kuma yana da alaƙa da kalmar Czech práh (tare da ma'anar ƙofa) kuma ƙa'idar almara ta haɗu da sunan birnin tare da gimbiya Libuše, annabiya da matar wanda ya kafa daular Přemyslid. An ce ta ba da umarnin "a gina birnin inda mutum ya ke saran kofar gidansa". Don haka ana iya fahimtar Czech práh yana nufin Rapids ko mashigai a cikin kogin, wanda gefensa zai iya zama hanyar keɓance kogin - don haka yana ba da "kofa" zuwa gidan.
An ba da shawarar wani sunan Praha daga na prazě, asalin kalmar dutsen dutsen shale wanda aka gina ainihin katafaren ginin. A wancan lokacin, ginin yana kewaye da gandun daji, wanda ya rufe tuddai tara na birnin nan gaba - Tsohon Garin da ke gefen kogin, da kuma Karamin Gari da ke ƙarƙashin ginin da ake da shi, ya bayyana ne daga baya.Dudák, Vladislav (2010). Praha: Průvodce magickým centrem Evropy [Prague: A Guide to the Magical Center of Europe]. Praha: Práh. p. 184. ISBN 978-80-7252-302-3.

Harafin Turanci na sunan birni an aro shi ne daga Faransanci. A cikin ƙarni na 19th da farkon 20th an furta shi da Ingilishi don yin waƙa da "marasa kyau": Lady Diana Cooper (an haife shi 1892) ne ya furta haka a kan Desert Island Discs a cikin 1969, "Interview with Lady Diana Cooper". Desert Island Discs. 24 March 1969. Archived from the original on 3 February 2019. Retrieved 2 February 2019. kuma an rubuta shi zuwa rhyme tare da "marasa kyau" a cikin ayar The Beleaguered da kuma Longfellow City (18 Longfellow) na Prague na Edward Lear (1846).
Ana kuma kiran Prague "Birnin Ƙaƙwalwar Ƙira", bisa ƙidayar da masanin lissafin karni na 19 Bernard Bolzano ya yi; Ma'aikatar Watsa Labarai ta Prague ta kiyasta adadin na yau a 500."Kolik věží má "stověžatá" Praha? Nadšenci jich napočítali přes pět set". idnes.cz (in Czech). Mladá fronta DNES. 5 August 2010. Archived from the original on 14 May 2013. Retrieved 8 January 2013. Laƙabi na Prague kuma sun haɗa da: Birnin Zinariya, Uwar Birane da Zuciyar Turai."Visit Prague, the City of a Hundred spires". prague.fm. Archived from the original on 10 August 2015. Retrieved 19 August 2015.

Al'ummar Yahudawa na gida, wanda na ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin da ke ci gaba da kasancewa a duniya, sun bayyana birnin a matsayin עיר ואם בישראל Ir va-em be-yisrael, "Birni da uwa a Isra'ila" McCarthy, Suzanne (10 December 2012). "A city and a mother in Israel". BLT. Retrieved 1 November 2024.Jewish Prague/Židovská Praha - anglicky (in Czech).

Tarihi
Babban labarin: Tarihin Prague
Don jagorar tarihin lokaci, duba Timeline na Prague.
Prague ya girma daga ƙauyen da ke shimfiɗa daga Prague Castle a arewa zuwa katangar Vyšehrad a kudu, ya zama babban birnin ƙasar Turai ta zamani. Tare da ajiyar kayan tarihi sama da 10m mai zurfi, birnin ya zama abin koyi don aiwatar da cikakkun ka'idoji don kare kayan tarihi na kayan tarihi a cikin Jamhuriyar Czech.Novák, D; Staňková, V; Rýpar, V; Podliska, J; Hasil, J (2025). "Managing the Urban Archaeological Heritage of Prague: The Benefits of Collaboration". Internet Archaeology (70). doi:10.11141/ia.70.3. Archived from the original on 24 March 2025. Retrieved 25 March 2025.

Tarihin farko

Gimbiya ta almara Libuše tana annabcin ɗaukakar Prague.
An zaunar da yankin tun farkon shekarun Paleolithic.Demetz, Peter (1997). "Chapter One: Libussa, or Versions of Origin". Prague in Black and Gold: Scenes from the Life of a European City. New York: Hill and Wang. ISBN 978-0-8090-7843-1. Retrieved 7 April 2016.Marubuci Bayahude David Solomon Ganz, yana ambaton Cyriacus Spangenberg, ya yi iƙirarin cewa an kafa birnin a matsayin Boihaem a c. 1306 BC ta wani tsohon sarki Boyya.Dovid Solomon Ganz, Tzemach Dovid (3rd edition), part 2, Warsaw 1878, pp. 71, 85 (online Archived 21 April 2022 at the Wayback Machine)

Kusan karni na biyar da na huɗu BC, wata kabilar Celtic ta bayyana a yankin, daga baya ta kafa ƙauyuka, gami da mafi girman oppidum na Celtic a Bohemia, Závist, a cikin wani yanki na kudu na yanzu Zbraslav a cikin Prague, da kuma suna yankin Bohemia, wanda ke nufin "gidan mutanen Boii".Demetz, Peter (1997). "Chapter One: Libussa, or Versions of Origin". Prague in Black and Gold: Scenes from the Life of a European City. New York: Hill and Wang. ISBN 978-0-8090-7843-1. Retrieved 7 April 2016.Kenety, Brian (29 October 2004). "Unearthing Bohemia's Celtic heritage ahead of Samhain, the 'New Year'". Czech Radio. Archived from the original on 10 August 2016. Retrieved 9 August 2016.A cikin karnin da ya gabata BC, kabilun Jamus (Marcomanni, Quadi, Lombards da yuwuwar Suebi) sun kori Celts, wanda ya sa wasu suka sanya kujerar sarki Marcomanni, Maroboduus, a cikin Závist.Kenety, Brian (19 November 2005). "Atlantis české archeologie" (in Czech). Czech Radio. Archived from the original on 13 September 2016. Retrieved 9 August 2016.Dovid Solomon Ganz, Tzemach Dovid (3rd edition), part 2, Warsaw 1878, pp. 71, 85 (online Archived 21 April 2022 at the Wayback Machine). A kusa da yankin da Prague na yau yake tsaye, taswirar karni na 2 wanda masanin kimiya na Rome Ptolemaios ya zana ya ambaci wani birni na Jamus mai suna Casurgis.Praha byla Casurgis" [Prague was Casurgis] (in Czech). cs-magazin.com. February 2011. Archived from the original on 13 April 2016. Retrieved 7 April 2016.

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