Ogun

Ogun ko Ogoun ( Yarbanci : Ògún, Fotigal : Ogum, Gu ; wanda kuma aka rubuta Oggun ; wanda aka sani da Ogou a Haiti da Louisiana da Ogún ko Ogum a Latin Amurka ) wani Ba’amara Orisha ne wanda aka karɓe shi a cikin addinan Afirka da dama. Ògún jarumi ne kuma mai ƙarfi a fannin aikin ƙarfe,    da kuma na rum da rum. Ana kuma san shi da "allahn ƙarfe da yaƙi" kuma yana nan a cikin addinin Yarabawa, Santería, Haitian Vodou, Yammacin Afirka Vodun, Candomblé, Umbanda da kuma addinin mutanen Gbe . A cewar wasu tatsuniyoyi, a matsayinsa na ɗan adam, ya yi ƙoƙarin kwace gadon sarautar Daular Ife bayan rasuwar Ɗan Tattala, wanda ya yi mulki sau biyu, kafin da kuma bayan Oduduwa, amma Obalufon Ogbodirin ya kore shi ya kuma tura shi gudun hijira — wani lamari da ya zama ginshiƙin Bikin Ɗan Tatta .

 Addinin Yarbawa 
A addinin Yarabawa, Ogun asalin asalin Orisha ne a ƙasar Yarabawa . A wasu al'adu, ana cewa ya share hanya ga ɗayan Orisha ya shiga Duniya, ta amfani da adda da kuma taimakon kare. Don tunawa da wannan, ɗaya daga cikin orikinsa, ko kuma laƙabi, shine Osin Imole ko kuma "na farko daga cikin tsoffin Orisha da suka zo Duniya". Shi ne allahn yaƙi da ƙarfe.   

A rayuwarsa ta duniya, ana cewa Ogun ita ce sarkin farko na Ife . A cewar wasu labarai, lokacin da wasu daga cikin talakawansa suka kasa nuna girmamawa, Ogun ya kashe su kuma a ƙarshe da kansa da takobinsa. Mabiyansa sun yi imanin cewa yana da rana mai zafi, har ya ɓace a saman duniya maimakon mutuwa. Ya ɓace a duniya a wani wuri da ake kira Ire-Ekiti, tare da alƙawarin taimaka wa waɗanda ke kiran sunansa. A tsawon rayuwarsa ta duniya, ana tsammanin ya yi yaƙi domin mutanen Ire, wanda aka fi sani da Onire.   

Yanzu haka ana bikinsa a jihohin Ogun, Ekiti, Oyo, da Ondo .

 Mabiya 
Ogun allolin gargajiya ne na mayaka, mafarauta, maƙera, masana fasaha, da direbobi a addinin Yarabawa. Mabiya addinin Yarabawa na gargajiya za su iya rantsewa cewa za su faɗi gaskiya a kotu ta hanyar "sumbaci ƙarfe da sunan Ogun."  Direbobi suna ɗauke da laya ta Ogun don hana haɗurra a kan hanya.  

 Alamomi 
Manyan alamomin Ogun sune ƙarfe, kare, da kuma itacen dabino . Suna wakiltar rawar da Ogun ke takawa wajen kawo sauyi, sulhu, da aiki. Baƙin ƙarfe shine babban alamar Ogun. Bagadan Ogun da bukukuwa suna nunawa da amfani da abubuwan ƙarfe a yankunan Yarabawa da kuma a faɗin ƙasashen Afirka da ke zaune a ƙasashen waje. Mabiya Ogun suna sanya sarƙoƙin kayan ƙarfe; bukukuwan Ogun suna nuna wuƙaƙe, bindigogi, kayan aikin maƙera, almakashi, maƙura, da sauran kayan aikin ƙarfe daga rayuwar yau da kullun. [ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2020)">ana buƙatar ambato</span> ]

 Hadaya 
Nama hadaya ce ga Ogun. Karnuka abokan mafarauta ne na gargajiya, amma halayen Ogun kuma ana ganin su a matsayin "kamar kare": mai zafin rai, mai iya fuskantar haɗari, kuma mai sauƙi. Sauran dabbobin hadaya da ke da alaƙa da Ogun sune macijin da ke tofa (macijin baƙi); halayensa suna da ƙarfi da rashin tsoro. Mafarauta da maƙera suna guje wa ci ko ganin haɗuwar macizai. Sauran muhimman hadayu na hadaya ga Ogun sune Clarias submarginatus (nau'in kifin kyanwa), barkonon alligator, goro na kola, ruwan inabin dabino da man ja, ƙananan beraye, zakara, gishiri, katantanwa, kunkuru, ruwa, da doya.  Yawancin waɗannan hadayun hadaya an ɗauke su cikin al'adun Sabuwar Duniya.

Oríkì wani al'amari ne na al'adun Yarabawa wanda ke zuwa a cikin salon waƙoƙin yabo, yana yabon ko dai mutum, ko allahntaka (ko gari), bisa ga nasarorin da suka samu. Masu bauta wa Ogun an san su da rera waƙar Oríkì na Ogun kuma wannan ɓangaren na musamman yana nuna cewa Ògún yana cikin hanyoyi bakwai.

 Ògún méje logun mi,
 Ògún alárá ni n gb'aja,
 Ògún onire a gb'àgbò,
 Ògún Ìkọ́la a gb'agbin,
 Abin da ya sa muke so,
 Ògún ila a gb'esun isu,
 Ògún akirin a duk,
 Ògún elémono dabbobi ahùn ni jẹ,
 mákindé ti dogun lyin odi,
 Bi o ba gba Tapa a gb'Aboki,
 A gba Ukuuku a gba Kèmbèrí.

 Ogún dina yana bayyana ta hanyoyi bakwai daban-daban
 Ogun na garin Ilara ya karɓi kafara daga kare
 Ogun na garin Ire ya karɓi kafarar rago
 Ogun na garin Ikole ya karɓi fansar katantanwa
 Ogun na masu sassaka itace suna shan ruwan itace don kafara
 Ogun na garin Ila ya karɓi kafarar doya da aka gasa
 Mutanen Ogun na Akirin sun karɓi rago don yin kafara
 Mutanen Ogun na Elemono suna cin naman kunkuru don kafara
 Jarumin da ke yaƙin ƙasashen waje
 Zai cinye ko dai Nupe, ko kuma Hausa
 Yana cinye mutanen ƙasashen waje, shi ma zai cinye Kanuri .

 Addinin Dahomey 
A addinin Dahomey, Gu shine allahn yaƙi kuma mai kula da maƙera da masu sana'a. An aiko shi duniya don ya mai da shi wuri mai dacewa ga mutane su zauna cikin farin ciki, kuma bai gama wannan aikin ba tukuna. 

 Addinin Ewe 
A addinin Ewe, Gu, wanda aka fi sani da Egu, shine allahn yaƙi kuma masu sana'a musamman maƙera.

Ba a kamata masu bauta wa Gu su kula da karnuka a matsayin dabbobin gida ba. Mata masu haila an hana su taɓa kayan aikin maƙeri. Masu bin Gu suna yin hadaya da goro, abinci, da kuma zuba abin sha ga Gu a lokaci-lokaci. [ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2022)">ana buƙatar ambato</span> ] Haka kuma ana siyan abubuwa na ƙarfe sau da yawa don yin hadaya a wuraren ibada da aka keɓe wa Gu. 

 Candomblé 
An san Ogun a cikin al'adar Afro-Brazil ta Candomblé a matsayin Ogum ( Ketu, Ijexa da Efon nations) ko Gu ( Jeje nations).  Ogum yana da alaƙa da Saint George, musamman a Rio de Janeiro da jihar Rio Grande do Sul . Al'adar Candomblé a Arewa maso Gabashin Brazil, musamman a Bahia, tana haɗa Ogum da Saint Sebastian ko Saint Anthony .  

 Halaye 

 Ranar da aka keɓe: Talata
 Karfe: ƙarfe
 Sinadarin: ƙasa
 Launi: ja, baƙi, kore (Rio de Janeiro), shuɗi (Bahia), shuɗin ruwa
 Abinci: feijoada, xinxim, doya
 Tsarin Zane: mai saurin fushi, mai mulkin kama-karya, mai taka tsantsan, mai aiki tukuru, mai zargi da kuma ɗan son kai
 Alamomi: takobi, takobi mai faɗi, sarkar ƙarfe  

Masu bauta na Ogun a Brazil suna guje wa wasu abinci. Waɗannan sun haɗa da akuya, cajá-manga ( Spondias dulcis ), sukari, baƙar fata, dawa, da manga-espada ( ƙwayar mango mai elongated na Brazil) a cikin al'ummar Ketu ; doya da manga-espada a cikin al'ummar Ijexa ; da jam'iyya a cikin al'ummar Jeje . 

 Hadaya ta al'ada 
Ogun, a matsayin namijin orisha ( Boró ), yana "cin" dabbobin maza ne kawai. Ana yanka shanu, akuya, zakara, maciji (yawanci macijin ja), kare da dabbobin farauta ("orô") a ranakun bukukuwa da ke da alaƙa da Ogum a cikin al'adar Candomblé.  

 Abincin al'ada 
Acaçá abinci ne na al'ada da ake miƙawa ga dukkan alloli a cikin Candomble pantheon; an yi shi da manna masara da aka dafa a cikin ganyen ayaba. Wani nau'in, acaçá de feijão-preto, yana maye gurbin wake baƙi ( Phaseolus vulgaris ) da masara. Ana ba da wannan nau'in ga Ogum ne kawai a cikin haikalin Casa Fanti Ashanti da ke São Luís, a jihar Maranhão .  Feijoada, miyar wake da naman sa da naman alade, ita ma hadaya ce ta gama gari ga Ogum. 

 Santería da Palo 
Matsayin Ogun a addinin Yarabawa ya sa sunansa ya ci gaba da kasancewa a addinin Santería, da kuma addinin Shango na Trinidad da Tobago . A Santería, an haɗa Ogún da Saint Peter, James Mai Girma, Saint Paul, Saint Michael, Babban Mala'ika, da Yahaya Mai Baftisma ; shi ne allahn yaƙi da ƙarfe. 

 Vodou 
A ƙasar Haiti, ana kiranta da Vodou Ogun da Ogou kuma tana da siffofi daban-daban; yawancinsu suna ɗauke da ɓangaren ƙera ƙarfe da kayan aiki daga al'adar Yarabawa. Ogou yana tsaron badji, bagadin tsarki na haikalin Vodou. Yana ɗauke da saber na ƙarfe kuma yana sanye da jajayen sarƙoƙi. Ogou kuma allahn majagaba ne, hankali, adalci, magani, da ikon siyasa; waɗannan suna da alaƙa da alamar kayan aikin da zai iya "haɓaka ikon ɗan adam akan muhalli".  Ogou Feray shine allahn yaƙi. Sauran alamun Ogou sune Ogou Badagri, Ogou Balenjo, Ogou Batala, da Ogou Je Wouj. Ezili Dantor ita ce mace takwarar Ogou.  

An haɗa Ogou Feray da St. James the Greater ( St. Jacques Majeur ) a cikin al'adar Vodou. Shi ruhin fure ne kuma yana jagorantar mabiyan Vodou a kan abokan gabansu. An lulluɓe shi da ƙarfe a alamance kuma abokan gaba ba za su iya cutar da shi ba. Kamar yadda yake a Afirka, alamarsa ƙarfe ce, adda, ko wuka. Kamar yadda yake a Afirka, Ogou ana girmama shi a tsakanin maƙera, waɗanda da yawa daga cikinsu asalinsu 'yan Yoruba ne. An kuma san shi da son mata da barasa.

A bukukuwan Vodou, mabiya Ogou suna sanya riga ja, wando, da mayafi. Ana ba wa wani mai bin Ogou a cikin wani yanayi na musamman na giyar rum ta Haiti a lokacin bikin. A wasu bukukuwa, ana ƙona giyar rum a cikin akwati don ba Ogou damar "wanke" hannun mabiyan. 

Waƙoƙi biyu na Vodou ga Ogou, kamar yadda Michel S. Laguerre ya yi rikodin kuma ya fassara: Fè Ogou Fè, Ogou Fèray o,

 Fè Ogou Fè, Ogou Fèray o 

Ni ƙarfe ne,

 An lulluɓe ni da ƙarfe.Fèrè Fèray tout ko Fèray sé kouto, Fèrè Fèray tout ko Fèray sé manchet. An lulluɓe jikin Ogou Fèray da wuƙaƙe, An lulluɓe jikin Fèray da adduna.

 A Brazil 
Léo Neto, da sauransu sun lura da nau'ikan dabbobi daban-daban da ake amfani da su wajen yin hadaya a cikin al'ummomin Candomblé guda goma sha biyu na Caruaru, Pernambuco da Campina Grande, Paraíba a yankin Arewa maso Gabashin Brazil tsakanin watan Agusta 2007 da Yuni 2008; karnuka su ne kawai dabbar hadaya da aka miƙa wa Ogun a cikin al'ummomin biyu.

A cikin Umbanda, an haɗa shi da Saint George, Saint Michael, Saint Anthony, Saint John, Saint Peter, Saint Paul, Saint James Babban da Tubal-cain, kuma shine Orisha na maza da mata na Dokar Allah, wanda ke da alhakin bayar da doka da gyara ga dukkan mutane, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da Iansã (lambar halitta ta Dokar Allah),  (nau'i biyu na rawar da Dokar Allah ta taka) da Yemanjá (ma'aurata masu kuzari). 

 A cikin al'adun jama'a 

 Ogun yana ɗaya daga cikin Orisha da aka nuna a cikin shirin Akogun: Brutalizer of Gods, wani shirin barkwanci da Murewa Ayodele ya rubuta. [ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2026)">ana buƙatar ambato</span> ]
 Wani hali da aka sani da Ogun Montgomery wanda Ogun ta yi wahayi zuwa gare shi ya bayyana a cikin jerin manga na Japan da kuma anime na Fire Force . [ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2026)">ana buƙatar ambato</span> ]
 Amuche Chukudebelu ne ya yi wa Ogun muryar a kakar wasa ta biyu ta shirin American animation mai suna Castlevania: Nocturne . [ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2026)">ana buƙatar ambato</span> ]
 Ogun ta bayyana a matsayin ƙaramin hali a kakar wasa ta 2 ta shirin Tomb Raider: The Legend of Lara Croft . [ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2026)">ana buƙatar ambato</span> ]

 Nassoshi 

Rukuni:Shafuka masu fassarorin da ba'a duba ba