James Baker

James Addison Baker na III  (an haife shi a ranar 28 ga Afrilu, 1930)  ɗan siyasa ne na Amurka, lauya, jami'in diflomasiyya, kuma tsohon jami'in rundunar sojojin ruwa . A matsayinsa na memba na Jam'iyyar Republican, ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban ma'aikata na 10 a Fadar White House kuma sakataren baitulmali na 67 a Amurka a ƙarƙashin Shugaba Ronald Reagan da kuma sakataren harkokin wajen Amurka na 61 kafin ya dawo a matsayin shugaban ma'aikata na 16 a Fadar White House a ƙarƙashin Shugaba George HW Bush .

An haife shi a Houston, Texas, Baker ya halarci Makarantar Hill da Jami'ar Princeton kafin ya yi aiki a Rundunar Sojojin Ruwa ta Amurka . Bayan kammala karatunsa daga Makarantar Shari'a ta Jami'ar Texas, ya ci gaba da aikin lauya. Ya zama abokin George HW Bush kuma ya yi aiki a yakin neman zaben Bush na 1970 wanda bai yi nasara ba a Majalisar Dattawan Amurka . Bayan ya yi aiki na ɗan lokaci a matsayin Mataimakin Sakataren Kasuwanci, Baker ya tsaya takarar shugaban ƙasa Gerald Ford a 1976 bayan an kori shugaban yaƙin neman zaɓe Rogers Morton . Baker ya yi tunanin tsayawa takarar Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka a Houston kuma ya yi takarar neman kujerar Babban Lauyan Texas a 1978 wanda bai yi nasara ba, amma ya ci gaba da riƙe muƙamai a aikinsa.

An haifi James Addison Baker na III a lamba 1216 Bissonnet Street da ke Houston .  Mahaifiyar Baker, Bonner Means Baker, ɗan asalin Houston ne. Mahaifinsa, James A. Baker Jr, abokin tarayya ne na kamfanin lauyoyi na Houston Baker Botts, wanda kakan Baker ya kafa a shekarar 1871.

Mahaifin Baker mutum ne mai tsauri wanda ke amfani da hukuncin jiki, wanda Baker da abokansa suka san shi da "Mai Gadi".  Ya yi wa Baker wa'azin da Baker ya sani a matsayin Five Ps: "shiri na farko yana hana rashin aiki mai kyau." Baker ya ambaci wannan mantra a matsayin kyauta da yake tunani game da "kusan kowace rana a rayuwarsa ta girma."  Mai Gadi ya kuma hana Baker shiga siyasa, yana mai imanin cewa hakan ba daidai ba ne. Baker ya sanya wa littafin tarihinsa suna "Aiki Hard, Nazarin... da kuma Kauracewa Siyasa bayan wannan ra'ayi na duniya, wanda mahaifinsa da kakansa suka bayyana.

 Farkon aikin siyasa 
A shekarunsa na ashirin da talatin, lokacin da yake aiki a Andrews Kurth, Baker ya ɗauki kansa a matsayin wanda ba shi da siyasa. Ya kasance ɗan jam'iyyar Democrat mai rijista a Texas mai jam'iyya ɗaya, amma ya rubuta a cikin tarihin rayuwarsa cewa ya ci gaba da zaɓen ɗan takarar shugaban ƙasa na jam'iyyar Republican.  Baker ya halarci bikin rantsar da Dwight D. Eisenhower na farko bayan ya karɓi tikiti yayin da yake horo a Quantico . 

 Takarar Babban Lauyan Jihar Texas (1978) 
Baker's ya yi takara da taken "Texas tana buƙatar lauya, ba ɗan siyasa ba, don babban lauya."  Ɗan jaridar siyasa Jim Barlow, wanda ya jagoranci rahotannin Chronicle game da tseren, ya shaida wa masu rubuta tarihin rayuwar Baker cewa "shi ne ɗan siyasa mafi muni da ya taɓa fuskanta a tsawon shekaru 15 na aikinsa.  Shafin edita na Chronicle ya goyi bayan White fiye da Baker, wanda hakan ya sa Baker ya ƙi jaridar garinsu.
Rukuni:Rayayyun mutane
Rukuni:Haifaffun 1930
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