Bolibiya

Bolibiya ko Bolivia (furucci Hausa (ha) |bōlíbíyä|; da en-us-B|b|ə|ˈ|l|ɪ|v|i|ə, furucci da-es|boˈliβja|; furucci|ᵐboˈɾiʋja|; da-qu|Puliwya da-qu|pʊlɪwja|; da-ay|Wuliwya}} da-ay|wʊlɪwja|), officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia (hrshn-es|Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia; furucci-es|esˈtaðo pluɾinasjoˈnal de βoˈliβja|)cite web|url=http://www.who.int/countries/bol/en/ |title=Bolivia (Plurinational State of) |publisher=Who.int |date=11 May 2010 |accessdate=30 August 2010cite web|url=http://data.un.org/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=Bolivia%20(Plurinational%20State%20of) |title=Bolivia (Plurinational State of) |publisher=UNdata |accessdate=30 August 2010 kasa ce dake a yammacin tsakiyar nahiyar Amurka ta Kudu, kuma tana daya daga cikin kasashen da ake kira da landlocked. Babban birnin ta itace Sucre amma fadar gwamnati da cibiyar hada-hadar kudin kasar na a birnin La Paz ne. Birnin mafi yawan alumma kuma cibiyar masana'antun kasar itace Santa Cruz de la Sierra, wanda take a Llanos Orientales (tropical lowlands) yankin da yawan cin sa a shinfide take a gabashin Bolibiya.

sovereign state of Bolivia is a constitutionally unitary state, divided into nine departments. Yanayin kasar ya banbanta tundaga tsaunin Andes dake yammaci, zuwa gabashin Lowlands, wanda ke a yankin Amazon Basin. Tana da iyakanta daga arewaci da yamman ta tareda kasar Brazil, daga bangaren kudu maso gabas kuma kasar Paraguay, daga kudu kasar Argentina, sannan kasar Chile a kudu maso yamma, a karshe kuma Peru daga Arewa maso yamma. Kashi Daya cikin uku na alummar kasar na zaune ne a Andean mountain range. dake da  na fadin kasa, Bolibiya itace kasa ta biyar mafi yawan alumma a nahiyar Amurka ta Kudu kuma na 27th a duniya.

Yawan alummar kasar an kiyasta sun kai 11 million, takasance multiethnic, dauke da Amerindians, Mestizos, Europeans, Asians da Africans. Babbancin jinsi racial dana social segregation da yafaru daga mulkin mallakar da sapniya tayi, ya cigaba har zuwa yanzu. Harshen Spanish itace harshen kasar, kuma harshen da akafi amfani dashi, dukda akawi 36 na harsunan indigenous language da gwamnatin kasar ta yadda dasu kuma wadanda akafi amfani dasu bayan Spaniya sun hada da Guarani, Aymara and Quechua languages.

Kafin mulkin mallakar kasar Spaniya, yankin Andea na Bolivia ayanzu yakasance ne a bangaren Inca Empire, inda arewaci da gabashin lowlands din wadanda ke zaune a wuraren kabilu ne masu cin gashin kansu. Spaniya conquistadors da suka zo daga Cuzco da kuma Asunción suka kwace mulkin yankin a karni na 16th. Lokacin Spanish colonial period Bolivia na karkashin Royal Audiencia of Charcas. Spainiya ta gina daular ta a bangare babba a inda ake hakar azurfa Bolivia's mines.
Bayan neman yancin kai na farko a 1809, sai yaki ya barke wanda ya kwashe shekaru 16, Kafin aka kafa jamhoriyar Bolivia wanda sunan Simón Bolívar aka sa. Fiye da lokutan karni na 19th da farkon karni na 20th, Bolivia ta rasa kananan territories dinta wadanda ke a wajen garin ga kasashen da ke makwabtaka da ita da kuma seizure kwace gabar tekunta da kasar Chile tayi a 1879. Bolivia ta dawo akan gudanar da mulki batare da matsaloli ba har zuwa shekara ta 1971, sanda Hugo Banzer yajagoranci coup d'état din da ya canja gwamnatin Juan José Torres da military dictatorship ta Banzer; an kashe  Torres a Buenos Aires, Argentina by a right-wing death squad in 1976. Banzer's regime cracked down on leftist and socialist opposition and other forms of dissent, resulting in the torture and deaths of a number of Bolivian citizens. Banzer was ousted in 1978, and later returned as the democratically elected president of Bolivia from 1997, to 2001.

Bolibiya ta wannan zamanin mamba ce a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, da Bankin bada lamuni na duniya, Kungiyar kasashen Amurika, ACTO, Bankunan Kudanci wato ALBA,  Kungiyar kasashen kudancin Amurika. Bolibiya nada tattalin arziki mai saurin hauhawa, amma kuma itace kasa ta biyu Mafia talauci a yankin Nahiyar Amurika. It is a developing country, with a medium ranking in the Human Development Index, a poverty level of 38.6%, and it has one of the lowest crime rates in Latin America. Its main economic activities include agriculture, forestry, fishing, mining, and manufacturing goods such as textiles, clothing, refined metals, and refined petroleum. Bolivia is very rich in minerals, including tin, silver, and lithium.

 Anazarci.