Abeokuta

Abeokuta Birni ne, da ke a jihar Ogun, a ƙasar Najeriya. Shi ne babban birnin jihar Ogun. Birnin na nan a kudancin rafin Ogun, a wani yanki dake da duwatsu da manyan itace na Savanna."Hoiberg, Dale H., ed. (2010). "Abeokuta". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. I: A-ak Bayes (15th ed.). Chicago, IL: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. pp. 27. ISBN 978-1-59339-837-8. Birnin na da nisan kilomitoci 77  (48 mi) daga arewacin Legas ta titin jirgin kasa, ko kuma nisa 130km (81 mi) ta ruwa. Bisa ga ƙidayar jama'a a shekarar 2006, jimillar mutane 451,607 ne.

 Labarin kasa da Tattalin arziki 
Birnin Abeokuta yana da yanki mai dauke da duwatsu da kuma manyan itace na Savanna, da duwatsun kwaru a saman kasar. Ta wanzu a yankin da zagaye da katanga mai nisan mil 18.One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Abeokuta". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 42. Birnin tayi fice kasuwanci man-ja, shinkafa, doya, roba, rogo, masara da sauransu. Haka zalika birnin tayi fice a harkokin fitar da kayan masarufi kamar cocoa, man-kadenya, goro da dai sauransu. Mishenari suka kawo shinkafa da auduga zuwa birnin a cikin shekarun 1850s, kuma sun zama daya daga cikin muhimman kayan kasuwancin garin.

Abeokuta na nan a kusa da  dutsen Olumo, inda akwai koguna da wuraren bautan gargajiya da dama."Kola Tubosun (16 April 2014). "Abeokuta's Living History". KTravula.com. Birnin ya dogara ne da rafin "Oyan River Dam" dangane da ruwan amfanin yau da kullum, wanda kuma ba kasafai yake isar su ba."Dimeji Kayode-Adedeji (23 February 2010). "Water scarcity bites harder in Abeokuta". Next. Archived from the original on 10 June 2015. Retrieved 22 May2010. Dam din na nan a yankin karamar hukumar Abeokuta ta kudu na jihar Ogun da ke yammacin Najeriya. Dam din ya rasa ta Rafin Oyan, wani datsi ne daga Rafin Ogun.

Abeokuta ita ce kuma cibiyar tarayyar gudanar da rafukan Oshun da Ogun, wanda ke da alhakin bunkasa ruwa da ƙasa na jihohin Lagos, Ogun da Oyo. Wannan sun hada da noman rani, sarrafa kayan abinci da kuma samar da wutar lantarki.

Kamfanoni a birnin sun haɗa da kamfanonin sarrafa kayan marmari na gongoni, kamfunan robobi, kamfunan sarrafa barasa, kamfunan sarrafa katakai da kuma na kwanukan rufin gida (alluminium zinc). A kudancin birnin akwai wuraren fasa duwatsu na Aro granite quarries.

 Zirga-zirga 
Abeokuta na hade da garin Lagos ta titin jirgin kasa wanda aka kera a shekarar 1899, wanda ke da tsawon kimanin kilomita 77 (48 mi). Tun a shekarar 2021 aka samar da tsayayyen sufuri ta hanyar jirqin kasa tsakanin Lagos zuwa Ibadan wacce ta tsaya a birnin Abeokuta."Segun Adewole (10 June 2021). The Punch Newspaper (ed.). "Buhari inaugurates Lagos-Ibadan Railway project" – via 2021-12-04
A dalilin haka, an gina sabon tasahar jirgin kasa a Abeokuta.A duk rana jiragen kasa na tashi zuwa Ibadan da misalin karfe 8:30 na safe da kuma 16:30 na yamma. Za'a iya siyan tikita da wuri kafin lokacin tashi."Gbenga Akinfenwa (31 October 2021). "Unpleasant tales from Lagos-Ibadan train service". The Guardian – via 2021-12-01.

Sannan tituna sun hada birni da wasu garuruwa kamar Ibadan, Ilaro, Shagamu, Iseyin, Sango Ota, da kuma Ketou.

 Tarihi 
Chief Sodeke ya fara zama a Abeokuta a shekara ta 1830 don buya daga kaidin mafarautan bayi daga  Dahomey da kuma Ibadan (ma'anar Abeokuta na nufin, "karkashin dutse" watau "the underneath of the rock" ko kuma "wajen buya a karakashin dutse" watau "refuge among rocks").'Bennett, Eric (2010). Encyclopedia of Africa. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199733903. Retrieved 18 January 2017. Mutanen karkaran sun watsu a yankunan da ke da duwatsu da koguna don nema mafaka da kariya. A dalilin haka suka samar da wani kungiya na mutane iri daban-daban, masu kulawa da al'adunsu na gargajiya, hakkunan addininsu, da kuma ainihin sunayen kauyukansu.

Ainihin mutanen da suka fara a Abeokuta sun kasance daga mutanen kabilar Egba, wanda suka samo asali daga sarakunan  Eso Ikoyi, wanda suka bi babban sarki watau Alake of the Egba a yayinda yayi kaura daga Oyo kuma suka bishi samar da sabon masarautar Egba a yankin dajin Egba."Canby, Courtlandt. The Encyclopedia of Historic Places. (New York: Facts on File Publications, 1984), p. 2. A yayinda wadannan kakannin nasu suka baro masarautar Oyo, sai suka fara yawo daga wuri zuwa wuri, haka suka cigaba har daga bisani suka gano Abeokuta. Haka dai daga bisani wasu daga cikin kabilar yarbawa suka zauna a wajen. 
Mishenaris na kiristoci turawa sun fara mulkin wurin a shekarun 1840s,da kuma mutanen Serra Leone da kuma bayi da suka gudo da kuma wanda da suka dawo daga Brazil.

A dalilin cewa Abeokuta tana yanki mai muhimmanci na safarar man-ja kuma saboda itace babban birnin Egba na lokacin, Dahomey sun kara kaimi.
A yakin Abeokuta na shekarar 1851, Egba sun ci sarki Gezo na Dohomey da yaki. Har wayau sun kara cin dakarun Dahomey da yaki a shekarar 1864.

Har wayau a cikin shekarun 1860s, an samu matsala da ta taso tsakanin mutanen garin da kuma turawa, watau turawan Lagos, wanda ya jawo mutanen Egba suka fara rufe hanyoyin kasuwancin waje, daga bisani kuma korar mishenaris da 'yan kasuwa a 1867.
A tsakanin shakara ta 1877 da 1893, yakin basasan yarbawa ya auku, sannan Abeokuta ta hamaici Ibadan, a dalilin haka sarkin Egba ya rattaba hannu a wata yarjejeniya da gwamnan mulkin mallaka na lokacin "Sir Gilbert Carter". Hakan ya faru ne a 1893, wanda ya sama da gwamnatin Egba wanda turawa suka amince da wanzuwarsu.

A 1914, an hade kasashen Egba da yakunan mulkin mallakar turawa na lokacin, da Abeokuta a matsayin babban birni.
A cikin shekara ta 1918, rikici ya kece wanda ake kira da yakin Adubi, a dalilin sanya haraji da sauran ayyukan take hakki da shugaba  Sir Frederick Lugard yayi, watau Gwamna-jenar na mulkin turawa. Wannan shine kadai cikas d turawa suka samu a mulkinsu na mallakan Najeriya kafin yakin duniya na farko."Abeokuta". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Vol. 1 (14 ed.). 1930. p. 34.

Rikicin da kungiyar mata ta Abeokuuta watau "Abeokuta Women's Union (AWU)" ta hassasa watau Abeokuta Women's Revolt ya faru ne a 1940s. Shima wani gangami ne do nuna rashin amincewa da harajin da gwamnatin turawan mulkin mallaka suka sanya."Byfield, Judith A. (2003). "Taxation, Women, and the Colonial State: Egba Women's Revolt". Meridians: Feminism, Race, Transnationalism. 3 (2): 250–77. JSTOR 40338582.

A shekara ta 1976, Abeokuta ta zamo babban birnin sabon jihar da aka samar watau jihar Ogun.

 Gine-Ginen Tarihi 
Abeokuta na zagaya da katanga mai tsawon miloli 18mil, sannan alamar ragowar katangan na nan har yau. Ake watau gidan sarautar Aleke  da kuma Centenary Hall (1930) suna nan a yankin  Egba Alake. Akwai makarantun firamare da kuma sakandare da sashinjami'ar Lagos da ke Abeokuta wacce aka bude ta a 1894."Byfield, Judith A. (2003). "Taxation, Women, and the Colonial State: Egba Women's Revolt". Meridians: Feminism, Race, Transnationalism. 3 (2): 250–77. JSTOR 40338582. Wannan jami'a ta shahara a fanni kimiyya,  karatun noma, fasaha da sauransu. Daga bisani a canzata zuwa Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta (FUNAAB) a 1988.

Har wayau akwai katafaren otel watau Green Legacy Resort wanda tsohom shugaban kasa Olusegun Obasanjo da wasu masu hannun jari suka gina ta."Olokesusi, Femi (1 January 1990). "An assessment of hotels in Abeokuta, Nigeria and its implications for tourists". International Journal of Hospitality Management. 9 (2): 125–134. doi:10.1016/0278-4319(90)90007-K. ISSN 0278-4319. Akwai labrare na "Olusegun Obasanjo Presidential Library (OOPL)" wanda ke nan a cikin otel din.

Ofishin gwamna na nan a cikin garin a yankin Oke-Mosan. Jami'ar garin watau Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta (FUNAAB) na nan a titin  Alabata a Abeokuta, kuma ya kasance mafi kyawun jami'oin gwamna na Najeriya."Is This The Most Beautiful University Campus in Nigeria? [See Pics]". 21 December 2016."is this the most beautiful university campus in Nigeria?". NigerianFacts.com. Retrieved 12 February 2019.

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Manazarta

Category:Biranen Najeriya