Ummarun Dallaje

Sarkin Musulmin katsina mujahidi malam ummarun Dallaje, wakilin sarkin Musulmi na baki daya na usmanu Dan fodio, yayi jihadi a ƙarƙashin tutan mujaddadi usmanu Dan fodio ne a shekarar ta 1807, ya rasu a shekarar 1835, (Ummaru na Dallaje) shi ne Jagoran Islama na 39 na Katsina shine kuma sarkin fulani na farko, da kuma shugaban daular Dallazawa.  Ya zama Amirul Muminin bayan Jihad na Shehu Usman dan Fodiyo, wanda ya gaji Magajin Haladu, mai mulki na karshe na daular Habe mai ɗaruruwan shekaru, wanda Muhammadu Korau ya kafa. Ɗansa Saddiku ne ya gaje Ummaru.

sakamakon jihadin da yayi a jihar Katsina ya fatattaki sarkin katsina Magaji Haladu, yayan shi da jikokin shi sun mulki katsina har zuwa lokacin turawan mulkin mallaka jihar katsina a shekara ta 1903 karkashen jagorancin lord lugard, an tumbuke sarkin katsina Abubakar a shekara ta 1905 aka sa sarki Yaro dan Musa shima aka tumbuke shi aka sa sarki Muhammad Dikko a shekara ta 1906 har zuwa mutuwan shi a shekarar ta 1944 wanda shi  basullube ne,

 Tarihin rayuwa 
Ummaran Dallaje shi ne sarkin Fulani na farko da kuma uban daular Dallazawa. An haife shi a garin Dallaje, kimanin kilomita 50 daga Katsina, sunan mahaifinsa shine Abdulmumini .  Kakannin Ummaru sun yi ƙaura daga Daular Kanem-Bornu kuma asalinsa na kabilar Larabawa ne daga Ouaddai a halin yanzu wani ɓangare na Jamhuriyar Chadi. Lokacin da kakannin Ummarun suka isa Katsina, sun fara zama a wani kauye da ake kira Makar sannan daga baya suka koma Dasije bayan haka suka zauna a Dallaje.

a fara nazarin Alkur'ani tun yana ƙarami, daga baya ya yi tafiya mai nisa kuma ya yi karatu a ƙarƙashin malamai da yawa ciki har da Usman Dan Fodiyo . Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya fara yin wa'azi a ciki da waje da Katsina. A cikin 1804, Shehu Usman Dan Fodio ya ayyana Jihad a kan sarakunan Habe na Masarautun Hausa. Daga cikin mutane na farko da suka amsa kiran Shehu kuma suka bayyana goyon bayansu shine Mallam Ummaru .

Lokacin da jihadi ya ɓarke a cikin shekarar 1804, Malam Ummarun Dallaje wanda yake mai goyon bayan Shebu Ibn Fodio ya sami goyon bayansa galibi daga garuruwan Dallaje, Rugar Bade, Sabon Gari da sauran ƙauyuka da ke kewaye. Shehu Usman Dan Fodio ya ayyana Jihad a kan sarakunan Habe na Masarautun Hausa. Daga cikin mutane na farko da suka amsa kiran Shehu kuma suka bayyana goyon bayansu ga Ummaru.

 Kai Hare-hare 
A ƙarshen 1805, Ummarun Dallaje ya sadu da ƙungiyar Jihadists waɗanda suka kafa sansani a 'Yantumaki . Ya gaya musu cewa Muhammad Bello ne ya aiko shi tare da sakon cewa zasuci  su ci gaba da fada. A sakamakon haka, sun fara kaddamar da hare hare  a wuraren da za a iya samun karbuwa  cikin sauƙi.

Sun kai hari ne kawai idan mazauna suka ki amincewa da kiransu. Yawancin lokaci suna sanar da isowarsu tare da yin  addu'a a waje da garin. Daga baya, sukan  kira taron tare da shugabannin al'umma. A irin waɗannan tarurruka, ana bukatar mazauna su farfado da Sunnah da kuma tilasta Shariah, an kira su don amsa kiran  Shehu ibn fodio.

A kusan1806, an shirya taron Kwamandojin Jihadi daga Katsina, Kano, Zazzau da sauran sassan  kasashen Hausa kamar su  a Birnin Gada. Da farko an shirya taron ne a Magami (Mani LG) inda Shehu zai halarta amma saboda tsufa, bai iya yin tafiya mai tsawo da haɗari daga Gwandu ba. Saboda haka, ya aika Muhammadu Bello don wakiltar shi. A lokacin taron, Bello ya bukaci kowane Kwamandan Jihad ya yi rantsuwa don yin biyayya da umarninsa da bin Sunnah a komai, a kowane lokaci kuma a kowane yanayi. A cikin saƙonsa, Shehu ibn fodio ya jaddada cewa Allah zai sa su yi nasara amma ya gargadi su kada su zama masu cin hanci da rashawa kamar sarakunan da suke fada da su kuma su guji rashin adalci, kishi da rashin hadin kai

Daga sansaninsa a Sabon Gari, Ummarun Dallaje ya tsara dabarun da za a bi bayan da Sarkin Katsina ya ci nasara akansa cikin  mamaki. Daga baya, wani dakarun da ke karkashin sanannen jarumi Malam Muhammadu Namoda wanda sukazo  daga Zamfara, yayin da wasu suka zo daga Kano da Daura. Sojojin da suka haɗu domin yaki da sarkin  Sarkin Katsina a Dankama inda aka yi mummunan yaƙi inda aka kashe Sarkin Katsin Magajin Halidu. awancin hakimansa . Sauran sojojinsa da mabiyansa sun gudu zuwa Kwargom, masarautar Zinder, inda suka nada wani Sarki. Jihadists sun bi su kuma sun tara su kuma Sarki ya fada cikin rijiyar ya mutu. Sauran magoya bayan sun tsere zuwa Damagaram inda suka nada Dankasawa, ɗan Tsaga-rana a matsayin shugabansu don ci gaba da haɗin kansu. 

Bayan shan kashi na Sarkin Katsina, mayaka  sun mayar da hankalinsu ga gabashin Masarautar inda suka kai hari kan garuruwa da yawa da ba a ci nasara ba. Wurin kai harinsu  su na farko shi ne Mani inda mai mulkin garin da aka sani da Mani Ibrahim Arne ya ki mika wuya ga Ummarun Dallaje. A cikin gamuwa da ta biyo baya, an kashe Mani Arne. 

 Hawan gadon sarauta 
Zuwa ƙarshen 1807, Amirul Muminin Shehu Usmanu Danfodio, ya nada Ummarun Dallaje a matsayin Sarkin Katsina . Ta hanyar wannan nadin, Ummarun Dallaje ya zama Sarkin Fulani na farko kuma wanda ya kafa Daular Dallazawa . Lokacin da ya zauna, ya ba da umarnin yaƙi da garuruwan Maska da Gozaki, kuma ya kawo su ƙarƙashin iko a 1810: ɗayan abubuwan farko da ya yi shi ne gina sabon masallacin Juma'at a Katsina. Bayan haka, ya gabatar da matakai da yawa, wanda ya kafa sabuwar Masarautar.

Mallam Umarun Dallaje shi ne magajin  Shehu Danfodio wanda tare da wasu ya ci nasara kuma ya kori sarakunan habe kuma ya zama Sarkin Fulani na farko na Katsina, don haka ya kafa Daular Dallawaza wacce ta mallaki Katsina na shekaru 100 (1806-1906). An haifi ɗan Malam Abdulmumin dan Muhammadu Goshi Mallam Umaran Dallaje a shekara ta 1781 a ƙauyen Dallaje na Bindawa, jihar Katsina. Ya sami ilimin Islama na farko a ƙarƙashin kulawar mahaifinsa, Mallam Abdulmumin . Tare da fitowar Shehu Usman Danfodio, Mallam Ummarun Dallaje ya yanke shawarar shiga aikin Shebu Usman DanFodio don ci gaba da iliminsa game da karatun Islama da kuma ba da gudummawarsa ga shehu a kokarinsa na tsabtacewa da sake fasalin yanayin da ke lalacewa a cikin aikin da koyar da addinin Islama a kasar Hausa.

Yayinda yake tare da shehu, Mallam Ummarun Dallaje abokai ne na kusa da shi kuma ya shirya ya kara cewa yana daya daga cikin almajiran da aka nada don ɗaukar d kula da littafin shehu yayin tafiye-tafiye na wa'azi. Sun yi tafiya tare sosai har sai Mallam Umarun Dallaje ya zama daya daga cikin sanannun kwamandojin sojojin shehu waɗanda suka sauƙaƙa cin nasarar jihadi. Mallam Ummarun Dallaje na ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu dabarun a sanannen yaƙin  tafkin kwano wanda shine yaƙin nasara na farko na shehu.

Babban aikin Mallam Ummarun a cikin tsarawa da aiwatar da jihadi da kuma jajircewarsa da jaruntakarsa a tabbatar da yaƙe-yaƙe na jihadi ya ba shi amincewar shehu kuma wannan ya haifar da nadin da Sultan Muhammadu Bello ya jagoranci yaƙe-yarƙe na Alwasa da Alkalawa, dukansu biyu sun ci nasara. Yaƙe-yaƙe sun ci gaba kamar haka kuma a saman waɗannan abubuwan ne Shehu da Mallam Umaru suka shirya kuma suka ba da umarni ga yunkurin jihadi don cin nasarar Katsina.

Amsar Sultan Muhammad Bello ga Mallam Umarun Dallaje ita ce sanannen wallafafen aikin da yayi a  kan jagoranci a cikin Khalifanci da aka sani da "Usul al-Siyasa", sakin layi na farko wanda ya fara kamar haka:

"Ummarun Dallaje, mutumin da yayigwagwarmaya a cikin addinin  Allah tare da gaskiya da himma Allah ya taimaka masa, ya tsawaita matsayinsa da ikonsa ya ba shi taimako daga Ruhunsa kuma ya ninka yawan magoya bayansa don rubuta masa wasu kalmomi dangane da. Ka'idodin siyasa da yanayin hali ga mutumin da ke da alaƙa da al'amuran jagoranci.." Sultan Muhammad Bello ya ci gaba da cewa: "Na sani, ɗan'uwana cewa daya daga cikin manyan jarabawa  da zai iya fadawa kan bawa (na Allah) shine ya zama shugaba Amir ko sarkin".

Muhammad Bello  ya rubuta Usul al-Siyasa don jagorantar Ummarun Dallaje da sarakuna masu zuwa na Katsina a kan batutuwan siyasa da jagoranci. Littafin ya bayyana cewa Allah ya albarkaci sarakuna, yayin da mai mulki mai zalunci da rashin adalci ya ƙi shi, kuma ya zama cikakke. Tare da ambaton da yawa daga Hadith, Bello ya nuna rashin son Allah ga sarakuna marasa adalci da kuma hukuncin da ba za a iya gujewa ba da ke jiran su

Littafin ya kuma bayyana ka'idodin siyasa da ceto a cikin batutuwan siyasa:

 Ka'idar farko ta jagorancin musulmi ita ce kafa tsari a cikin al'ummar ɗan adam ta hanyar aiwatar da dokar allah, da biyayya ga Sunnah na  Annabi Muhammadu S.A.W.
 Abu na biyu, ya kamata shugaban musulmi ya kasance mai ƙarfi, mai tausayi da karimci.
 Na uku, mai mulki ya kamata ya kasance tare da mai ibada Ulama kuma ya saurari shawarwarinsu.
 Ka'idar ta huɗu tana magana ne game da dangantakar da ke tsakanin Sarkin sarakuna da talakawansa.

 Muhammad Bello ya gargadi Ummarun Dallaje ya yi hankali a Wurin  zaɓen masu gudanarwa, kuma ya kula da su sosai. Ya ce yawancin su bayi ne cikinsu, kuma za su yi amfani da Sarkin don nasu manufofi, kuma su bar shi lokacin da aka karɓi iko daga gare shi. Muhammadu Bello ya sanya shi muhimmiyar aiki ga Sarkin don ganin cewa an koya wa ruhun adalci tsakanin mutane.
ya nuna cewa mutanen da ba su da adalci ga juna suna samun Gwamnati mara adalci. Aikin Sarkin shine ya hana abin da ba daidai ba kuma ya ba da umarnin abin da ke daidai. Amma ya kamata a yi wannan ba tare da tsauraran ra'ayi ba. Muhammadu Bello ya ce bai kamata a hukunta mutane ba ko kuma a hukunta su saboda kurakurai ko karkatarwa. Amma alhakin Sarkin na samun da kare lafiyar mutanensa ba ya ƙare da bangarorin ruhaniya da zamantakewa na rayuwarsu, ya kai ga jin daɗin su da tattalin arziki. 

Littafin ya taimaka sosai wajen kafa tushen siyasa, zamantakewa da tattalin arziki ba kawai a masarautar Katsina ba, har zuwa yanzu yana aiki a matsayin takarda mai tushe game da kyakkyawan shugabanci a duniya. Mallam Ummaru ya mutu a shekara ta 1835.

Manazarta

Category:'Yan Katsina