Al-Tirmidhi

Abu'Isa Muhammad Ibn'isa as-Sulamī Ad-Ḍarīr al-Būghī a-Tirmidhī ( Arabic   الترمذي  ; Persian    , Termezī ; 824   - 9 ga watan Oktoba, shekara ta 892), sau da yawa anfi kiransa da Imām al-Termezī / Tirmidhī, ɗan Persiya    malamin addinin Musulunci da kuma mai tattara hadisi daga Termez (a halin yanzu-rana Uzbekistan ). Ya rubuta al-Jami` as-Sahih (da aka fi sani da Jami` at-Tirmidhi ), ɗayan littattafan hadisi guda shida a cikin Sunni Islam . Ya kuma rubuta Shama'il Muhammadiyah ( mashahuri da aka fi sani da Shama'il at-Tirmidhi ), hadisi na hadisi game da mutum da halayen annabin musulinci, Muhammad . At-Tirmidhi ya kuma kware sosai game da ilimin larabci na Larabci, yana fifita makarantar Kufa akan Basra saboda tsohuwar adana adabin Larabci a matsayin babban tushe.  

 Tarihin Rayuwa 

Suna da dangi 
Sunan Al-Tirmidhi ( ism ) shine "Muhammad" yayin da kunyar shi " Abu` Isa "(" mahaifin Isa "). Ba a tabbatar da asalin zuriyarsa ba. nasab (nasabar mahaifinsa) an ba shi daban-daban kamar haka: 

 Muḥammad ibn Ī Īsá ibn Sawrah ( محمد بن عيسى بن سورة  ) ‎ 
 Muḥammad ibn ‛Īsá ibn Sawrah bin Mūsá ibn aḍ-Ḍaḥḥāk ( محمد بن عيسى بن سورة بن موسى بن الضحاك  ) ‎    
 Muḥammad ibn Ī Īsá ibn Sawrah ibn Shaddād ( محمد بن عيسى بن سورة بن شداد  ) ‎ 
 Muḥammad ibn ‛Īsá ibn Sawrah ibn Shaddād bn aḍ-Ḍaḥḥāk ( محمد بن عيسى بن سورة بن شداد بن الضحاك  ) ‎ 
 Muḥammad ibn Ī Īsá ibn Sawrah ibn Shaddād ibn ‛Īsá ( محمد بن عيسى بن سورة بن شداد بن عيسى  ) ‎ 
 Muḥammad ibn ‛Īsá ibn Yazīd ibn Sawrah ibn as-Sakan ( محمد بن عيسى بن يزيد بن سورة بن السكن  ) ‎   
 Muḥammad ibn Ī Īsá ibn Sahl ( محمد بن عيسى بن سهل  ) ‎  
 Muḥammad ibn ‛Īsá ibn Sahl ibn Sawrah ( محمد بن عيسى بن سهل بن سورة  ) ‎ 

Kuma sananne ne ta hanyar laqab "ad-Darir" ("Makaho"). Ance an haife shi makaho ne, amma yawancin malamai sun yarda cewa ya zama makaho ne daga baya a rayuwarsa.   

Iyalan At-Tirmidhi yan' kabilar Banu Sulaym na Arab ne (saboda haka nisbat "as-Sulami").  Kakan kakaninsa asalinsa daga Marw (Bahaushe: Merv), amma ya koma Tirmidh.  

Haihuwa 
Muhammad ibn `Isa at-Tirmidhi an haife shi a zamanin mulkin Khalid Khalifa al-Ma'mun . An ruwaito shekarar haihuwarsa kamar 209 AH (824/825).    Adh-Dhahabi kawai ya furta cewa, a-Tirmidhi da aka haife shi a kusa da shekara 210 bayan hijira (825/826),  Kamar haka wasu kafofin ba da shekara haihuwa kamar yadda 210 AH.   Wasu majiyoyi sun nuna cewa an haife shi a Makka (Siddiqi ya ce an haife shi a Makka a 206 AH (821/822))  yayin da wasu suka ce an haife shi ne a Tirmidh ( Farisa : Termez), a cikin abin da yake yanzu Kudancin Uzbekistan .  Ra'ayin da ya fi karfi shine cewa an haife shi ne a Tirmidh.  Musamman, an haife shi a ɗaya daga cikin kewayenta, ƙauyen Bugh (saboda haka nisbats "at-Tirmidhi" da "al-Bughi").     

At-Tirmidhi ya fara karatun hadisi yana ɗan shekara 20. Daga shekara ta 235 AH (849/850) ya yi tafiye tafiye a cikin Khurasan, Iraq, da kuma Hijaz don tattara hadisi.    Malamansa da wadanda ya ruwaito daga hadinsa sun haɗa da: 

 al-Bukhari         
 Abū Rajā 'Qutaybah ibn Sa'īd al-Balkhī al-Baghlāni     
 'Alī ibn Ḥujr ibn Iyās as-Sa'dī al-Marwazī     
 Muḥammad ibn Bashshār al-Baṣrī    
 'Abd Allāh ibn Mu'āwiyah al-Jumaḥī al-Baṣrī  
 Abū Muṣ'ab az-Zuhrī al-Madanī  
 Muḥammad ibn 'Abd al-Mālik ibn Abī ash-Shawārib al-Umawī al-Baṣrī  
 Ismā'īl ibn Mūsá al-Fazārī al-Kūfi  
 Muḥammad bin Abī Ma'shar as-Sindī al-Madanī  
 Abū Kurayb Muḥammad ibn al-'Alā 'al-Kūfī   
 Hanād ibn al-Sarī al-Kūfī   
 Ibrāhīm ibn 'Abd Allāh al-Harawī  
 Suwayd bn Naṣr bin Suwayd al-Marwazī  
 Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Baṣrī  
 Zayd bin Akhzam al-Baṣrī  
 al-'Abbās al-'Anbarī al-Baṣrī  
 Muḥammad ibn al-Muthanná al-Baṣrī  
 Muḥammad ibn Ma'mar al-Baṣrī  
 ad-Darimi   
 Muslim    
 Abu Dawud    

A lokacin, Khurasan, asalin ƙasa a-Tirmidhi, ya kasance babban cibiyar koyo, kasancewa gida ga yawancin <i id="mwASI">muhaddiths</i> . Sauran manyan cibiyoyin koyon karatu da At-Tirmidhi suka ziyarta sune biranen Iraki na Kufa da Basra . At-Tirmidhi ya ruwaito hadisi daga malamai 42 Kufan. A cikin Jami`insa, ya yi amfani da mafi yawan rahotanni daga malamai na Kufan fiye da na malamai na kowane gari.  

At-Tirmidhi dalibi ne na al-Bukhari, wanda ke tushen a Khurasan. Adh-Dhahabi ya rubuta, "Ilmin hadisi ya zo ne daga al-Bukhari."  At-Tirmidhi ya ambaci sunan al-Bukhari sau 114 a cikin Jami`insa . Ya yi amfani da Kitab at-Tarikh al-Bukhari a matsayin tushe lokacin da yake ambaton bambance-bambance a cikin rubutun hadisi ko masu isar da sahihansa, kuma ya yaba wa al-Bukhari da cewa shi ne mutumin da ya fi kowa ilimi a Iraki ko Khurasan a kimiyancin hadisi. Lokacin da yake ambaton hukunce-hukuncen masana, sai ya bi tsarin al-Bukhari na ambaton sunan Abu Hanifah . Domin bai taba karbar tatsuniya ta masu ruwaya ba don ambaton dokokin Abu Hanifa, a maimakon haka ya danganta su da "wasu mutanen Kufa."  Al-Bukhari ya rike at-Tirmidhi cikin girmamawa sosai. An ruwaito ya fada a-Tirmidhi, "Na sami fa'ida daga gare ku fiye da abin da kuka samu daga gare ni," kuma a cikin Sahih din ya ruwaito hadisi guda biyu daga-Tirmidhi.   

AJ Wensinck ya ambaci Ahmad bn Hanbal kamar yadda yana cikin at-Tirmidhi malamai.   Ko ta yaya, Hoosen ya fadi cewa bisa ga ingantattun kafofin da suka dogara, at-Tirmidhi bai taba zuwa Baghdad ba, bai kuma halarci wani laccoci na Ahmad bn Hanbal ba. Haka kuma, at-Tirmidhi bai taba ba da labarin kai tsaye daga Ahmad bn Hanbal a cikin Jami`insa ba .  

Da yawa daga malamai-at-Tirmidhi sun koyar da al-Bukhari, Muslim, Abu Dawud, Ibn Majah, da an-Nasa'i . 

 Rubutu 

 Al-Jami` Al-Mukhtasar min As-Sunan `an Rasulillah, wanda aka fi sani da“ Jami` At-Tirmidhi) 
 Al-`Ilal As-Sughra 
 Az-Zuhd 
 Al-`Ilal Al-Kubra 
 Ash-Shama'il An-Nabawiyyah wa Al-Fada'il Al-Mustafawiyyah 
 Al-Asmaa 'wa Al-Kuna 
 Kitab At-Tarikh 

 School of tunani 
Imam Tirmidhi ya kasance kusa da Imam Bukhari, Imam Tirmidhi dan Shaf'i ne ko Hanbali. Kammalawa shine ko shi mujthaid ne ko muqallid tunda yana kusa da Imam Bukhari wasu sunce ya bi madhab dinsa. 

 Mutuwa 
At-Tirmidhi ya kasance makaho a cikin shekaru biyu na rayuwarsa, in ji adh-Dhahabi.  Ance makantarsa sakamakon tasirin hawaye ne, ko dai saboda tsoron Allah ko kuma mutuwar al-Bukhari .      

An binne At-Tirmidhi a wajen garin Sherobod, mai nisan kilomita 60 daga arewacin Termez a Uzbekistan . A cikin Termez an san shi da suna Abu Isa at-Termezi ko "Termez Ota" ("Uban Termez").  

 Malaman Musulunci na farko 

 Manazarta 

 Haɗin waje 

 Biodata a MuslimScholars.info 
 Tarihin Rayuwa a Sunnah.com 
 Tarihin Imam al-Tirmidhi a Sunnah.org  
 Tarihin al-Tirmidhee a theclearpath.com