Tarihin Hausawa

Ƙabilar Hausa dai, ƙabila ce da ke zaune a Arewa maso Yammacin tarayyar Najeriya da Kudu maso Yammacin jamhuriyyar jihar Nijar, ƙabila ce mai dimbin al'umma, amma kuma a al'adance mai mutukar hadin kai, a kalla akwai sama da mutane miliyan hamsin da harshen yake asali garesu. A tarihin ance ƙabilar Hausawa na tattare a salasalar ko manyan birane. Hausawa dai sun sami kafa daularsu ne tun daga shekarun 1300, sa'adda suka sami nasarori da dauloli kamar su Daular Mali Songhai, Borno da kuma Fulani. A wasu lokutan Hausawa sun sami gagarumin ikon mulki da hadaka ta kauda baki 'yan neman ruwa da tsaki, da kuma neman aringizo a cikinta da kuma harkallar ko cinikin bayi. A farko-farkon shekaru na 1900's, a sa'adda kabilar Hausa ke yinkurin kawar da mulkin aringizo na fulani, sai turawan mulkin mallaka na Birtaniya suka mamaye Arewancin Najeriya, da kuma kafa manufofin mulkin bayan gida, a bisa karkashin mulkin Birtaniya, 'yan mulkin mallaka sai suka marawa Fulani baya na cigaba da manufofin angizon siyasarsu, har yanzu dai mulkin kamin gambiza tsakanin Hausawa da Fulani shi ne yayi kane-kane a arewacin Najeriya. Wannan haɗakar gamin gambiza, an farota ne tun asali a matsayin Fulani su dare madafun ikon a tsararren tsarin siyasar Arewa.Akasarin masu mulki na fulani sun kasance yanzu, a al'adance Hausawa gwamitse Ko da yake, Hausawa na farko-farko maharba ne, amma ya zuwan addinin Islama da kuma karbansa da hannu bibbiyu ya sanya labari ya sha bambam. Ginshikokin al'adun Hausawa na da mutukar zaranta, kwarewa da kuma sanaiya fiye da sauran al'ummar da ke kewayenta. Sha'anin noma itace babbar sana'ar Hausawa inda Hausawa ke ma sana'ar noma da kirari da kiwo da cewa, na duke tsohon ciniki kowa yazo duniya kai ya tarar, akwai kuma wasu sana'o'in kamar su sha'anin jima watau harkar fatu, rini, saka da kira, fannonin da ke mutukar samun cigaba a harkokin sana'o'in Hausawa. Hausawa dai sun jima da shahara wajen harkar fatauci sannan kuma masu arziki na taka rawa a sha'anin yau da kullum, tare da masu mulki da masana. Harshen Hausa shine mafi girma da kuma mafi sanai'yar harshe a nahiyar Afirka, harshen hausa ya aro wasu kalmomi daga wasu harsuna musamman Larabci kana kuma harshen na tafiya tare da yanayi na zamani bisa al'adar cudeni-na-cudeka. Harshen Hausa dai ya zama harshen yau da kullum ga miliyoyin jama'a da ba Hausawa ba ne a nahiyar Afirka. Bugu da kari, akwai cincirindon al'ummar Hausawa a manyan biranen yammacin Afirka da Arewacinta da kuma yankunan cinikayyar al'ummar Hausawa da kuma yankunan da Hausawa suka jima suna bi a hanyar ta zuwa aikin hajji. Akwai kuma rubutattun adabi masu zurfi da kasidodi da kuma rubuce-rubuce a rubutun ajami da aka buga tun kafin zuwan turawa yan' mulkin mallaka na Birtaniya. Har ila yau, kuma wani tsarin rubuce rubuce a ajami da aka kirkiro tun kafin zuwan turawa, da ba kasafai ake amfani da shi ba yanzu.

Hausa Bakwai da Banza Bakwai
Tarihi ya nuna garuruwan Hausa bakwai da Banza bakwai sun samo asali ne daga auren sarauniya Daurama ta Daura, da kuma Umarun Baghadaza (wato Bayajidda) wanda tarihi irin na kunne ya girmi kaka ya nuna cewar wani Jarumi ne daya fito daga ƙasar Baghadaza.https://www.alummarhausa.com.ng/2020/06/samuwar-hausa-bakwai-da-banza-bakwai.html 

Da farko Bayajidda ya zauna a wani waje da ake kira jihar Borno. Ya taimaki Shehun Borno a yakin har ma ya auri diyar Shehun. Amma wasu sun zarge shi da yunkurin karbar sarautar Shehun, don haka sai ya bar Borno. Bayan haka ya zo kasar Daura.
Kamar yanda tarihin ya nuna kafin ya zo kasar Dauran ya fara yada zango ne a wani gari da ake Kira "Garun Gabas" Wanda yake a ƙasar Hadeja jahar jogawa a Yanzu, inda aka ce ita wannan mata daya taho da ita ta haifa masa ɗa guda. Bayan ya isa Daura ya tarad da wata macijiya da ke hana ɗiban ruwa a kullum (Banda  Rabat Juma'a), rijiyar mai suna "rijiyar Kusugu".

Kashe wannan macijiya da Bayajidda yayi yasa wannar Sarauniya ta aure shi. Saboda haka Hausa bakwai da Banza Bakwai sune jikokin Sarauniya da kuma Saɗakan ta, wato Bawo wanda  Sarauniya ta haifa shine da 'ya'yansa shida suka kafa hausa bakwai. Sai kuma ɗan da Saɗakar Sarki ta haifar masa shine ya kafa Hausa banza bakwai.https://www.dw.com/ha/tarihin-hausawa/a-5495221

Garuruwan Hausa Bakwai
Hausa Bakwai

Garuruwan Banza Bakwai
Su ma  dai Hausawa ne to amma a fuskar Hausa Bakwai ba su cika hausawa ba.

Don haka suke kiran su da Banza Bakwai.

Gasu kamar haka:

1. Zamfara

2. Kebbi

3. Yawuri (Yauri)

4. Gwari

5. Kororafa (Kwararrafa, Jukun)

6. Nupe

7. Ilorin (Yoruba)https://www.britannica.com/topic/Banza-Bakwai

Manazarta

Category:Hausawa