Brazzaville

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Brazzaville, (lafazi : /berazavil/) birni ne, da ke a ƙasar Jamhuriyar Kwango. Shi ne babban birnin ƙasar Jamhuriyar Kwango. Brazzaville tana da yawan jama'a Kimanin 1 696 392, bisa ga kidaya ta ma'aikatan census 2015. An gina birnin Brazzaville a ƙarshen karni na sha tara.

An kiyasta yawan mutanen babban birnin ya zarce miliyan 1.8, wanda ya ƙunshi fiye da kashi uku na al'ummar ƙasar. Wasu kashi 40% na aiki ne a sana'o'in da ba na noma ba. A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, Brazzaville yayi aiki a matsayin babban birnin Faransa na Free tsakanin 1940 zuwa 1942.

A cikin 2013, UNESCO ta sanya Brazzaville a matsayin birnin Music ; tun daga lokacin kuma ya kasance memba na Cibiyar Sadarwar Biranen Ƙirƙira . 

 Tarihi 
Brazzaville an kafa shi ne ta daular mulkin mallaka na Faransa a kan wani mazaunin Bateke na asali da ake kira Ncuna, a lokacin Scramble don Afirka lokacin da ƙasashen Turai suka kafa tasirin tasiri a nahiyar. https://globaldatalab.org/shdi/table/shdi/COG/ Bahaushe ɗan ƙasar Italiya Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza,  wanda aka ba shi ɗan ƙasar Faransa a 1874, ya kafa yarjejeniya a hukumance a ranar 10 ga Satumba 1880; yana tunawa da sunansa. Roman Adrian Cybriwsky, Capital Cities around the World: An Encyclopedia of Geography, History, and Culture, ABC-CLIO, USA, 2013, p. 60

Sarkin yankin, Makoko na Téké, ya rattaba hannu kan wata yarjejeniya ta kariya da Brazza, wadda ta mamaye ƙasashensa ga Daular Faransa . André JACQUOT, Lexique Laadi (Koongo), L'Office de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique Outre-Mer (O.R.S.T.O.M.), 1974 Daga Oktoban 1880 har zuwa Mayu 1882, wasu ƴan ƴan ƙungiyar sojoji karkashin jagorancin Sajent Malamine Camara ɗan ƙasar Senegal sun mamaye wurin, don hana ƙasar faɗawa hannun Belgium. Sojojin nasu sun yi aiki ne a kudancin kogin, inda sarki Leopold na biyu ya mulki Kongo Belgian na wani lokaci a matsayin wani sirri. Babban aikin gini na farko na birnin ya fara shekaru hudu bayan haka, yayin da Faransawa suka fafata da Léopoldville (yanzu Kinshasa ) wanda 'yan mulkin mallaka na Belgium ke haɓakawa a gefen kudu na kogin. 

Taron Berlin na 1884 ya sanya ikon Faransa a kan wannan yanki a kan matakin hukuma. Birnin ya zama babban birnin kasar Kongo a shekara ta 1904. Joseph ZIDI, Brazzaville : Les enjeux de la géographie des migrations (1800-2010), Université Marien Ngouabi de Brazzaville, 2016 Ya ci gaba da zama babban birnin kasar lokacin da aka kafa Faransa Equatorial Africa a cikin 1910, a matsayin tarayyar turawan mulkin mallaka na Faransa: ta hada da Gabon, da Jamhuriyar Tsakiyar Afirka, da Chadi har zuwa 1960.  Daga 1910 zuwa 1915 an gina manyan gine-gine na birni, ciki har da gidan kotu da hedkwatar Banque de l'AEF da Institut Pasteur. Jean-Jacques Youlou & Scholastique Dianzinga, "Une capitale dans l'histoire"; Chapter 1 in Ziavoula (2006).

A cikin 1934, an buɗe layin dogo na Kongo-Ocean, yana haɗa Brazzaville tare da tashar ruwan Atlantic na Pointe-Noire da ketare raƙuman ruwa akan kogin Kongo. Gina layin dogo ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar mutane fiye da 17,000 na Afirka, kuma mutanen sun yi wa Faransa tawaye a 1928. 

 Tsarin Alkaluma 
Dangane da ƙidayar 2018, garin yana da yawan jama'a miliyan 1.93. Cibiyar Kididdiga ta Kasa ta 2014 ita ce miliyan 1.73. Kinshasa, DRC, tana da mazauna fiye da miliyan 10 a cikin 2014. Tare da Kinshasa, haɗin gwiwar Kinshasa-Brazzaville yana da mazauna kusan miliyan 12. Mahimman ƙalubalen siyasa da abubuwan more rayuwa sun hana biranen biyu yin aiki tare da duk wata alaƙa mai ma'ana.  Tun daga tsakiyar karni na 19, biranen biyu suna gaba da juna ta fuskar kasuwanci da wasanni da kuma iko.  An sami shawarwari don haɗa manyan biranen biyu ta gadar Brazzaville–Kinshasa . A cikin 2018, tare da sake kafa zaman lafiya a yankin, Bankin Raya Afirka da Afirka50 sun kulla yarjejeniya da gwamnatocin biyu don bunkasa aikin.

 Gwamnati 
Brazzaville, kamar Pointe-Noire, al'umma ce ( gunduma) da sashe amma ba tare da yanki ɗaya ba. Laws n° 12 to 14-2011  Majalisar karamar hukuma ce da majalisar sashe ke tafiyar da ita. Magajin gari shine shugaban karamar hukumar. 

An raba taron zuwa gundumomi tara ( gundumomi ), kowanne da lambar hukuma: 

 Makelekélé
 Bacongo
 Poto-Poto
 Mozambique
 Ouenzé
 Talangaï
 Mfilu
 Madibou
 Djiri

 Tattalin Arziki 
Wurin da Brazzaville yake kusa da tafkin kogin Kongo ya ba shi damar girma a matsayin masana'antu, ciniki da tashar tashar jiragen ruwa. An haɗa ta ta hanyar kasuwanci ta jiragen ruwa da kwale-kwalen da ke tafiya a kogin zuwa yankunan da ke cikin ƙasa, waɗanda ke samar da albarkatun ƙasa tun farkon lokacin mulkin mallaka.  Gina hanyar dogo da ta haɗa zuwa Pointe-Noire ya ƙara ƙarfin ƴan kasuwan birni na kai kayansu zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa don fitarwa. Masana'antu da ke cikin Brazzaville sun haɗa da shagunan injuna, yadi, tanning, da masana'anta . A matsayin tashar tashar jiragen ruwa mai mahimmanci akan kogin Kongo, Brazzaville har yanzu yana ɗaukar kayan daɗaɗɗa, kamar roba, itace, da kayayyakin noma . Daga nan gabaɗaya ana aika su zuwa Pointe-Noire don fitarwa
Hotuna

 Manazarta 

Category:Biranen Jamhuriyar Kwango