Leukemia

Leukemia (dem sanso spell leukaemia; dem pronounce /luːˈkiːmiːə/ loo-KEE-mee-ə) ) be a group of blood cancers wey dey usually begin insyd de bone marrow den dey produce high numbers of abnormal blood cells. Dese blood cells no be fully developed wey e be called blasts anaa leukemia cells. Symptoms fi include bleeding den bruising, bone pain, fatigue, fever, den an increased risk of infections. Dese symptoms dey occur secof a lack of normal blood cells. Dem typically dey make diagnosis by blood tests anaa bone marrow biopsy.

De exact cause of leukemia be unknown. Dem dey believe a combination of genetic factors den environmental (non-inherited) factors to play a role. Risk factors dey include smoking, ionizing radiation, petrochemicals (such as benzene), prior chemotherapy, den Down syndrome. People plus a family history of leukemia sanso be at higher risk. Der be four main types of leukemia—acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) den chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)—den a number of less common types. Leukemias den lymphomas both dey belong to a broader group of tumors wey dey affect de blood, bone marrow, den lymphoid system, dem know as tumors of de hematopoietic den lymphoid tissues.

Treatment fi involve some combination of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, den bone marrow transplant, plus dem provide supportive den palliative care as dem hia. Certain types of leukemia fi be managed plus watchful waiting. De success of treatment dey depend on de type of leukemia den de age of de person. Na outcomes improve insyd de developed world. Na five-year survival rate be 67% insyd de United States insyd de period from 2014 to 2020. Updated as required. Insyd kiddies under 15 insyd first-world countries, de five-year survival rate be greater dan 60% anaa even 90%, wey dey depend on de type of leukemia. For infants (those dem diagnose under de age of 1), de survival rate be around 40%. Insyd kiddies wey be cancer-free five years after diagnosis of acute leukemia, de cancer be unlikely to return.

Insyd 2015, na leukemia be present insyd 2.3 million people worldwide wey e cause 353,500 deaths. Insyd 2012, na e newly develop insyd 352,000 people. E be de most common type of cancer insyd kiddies, plus three-quarters of leukemia cases insyd kiddies e be de acute lymphoblastic type. However, na dem diagnose over 90% of all leukemias insyd adults, CLL den AML be most common. E dey occur more commonly insyd de developed world.

 References 

 External links 

 Leukaemia information from Cancer Research UK


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Category:Lymphatic vessel diseases
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