Jean-Pierre Thystère Tchicaya

Jean-Pierre Thystère Tchicaya (January 7, 1936"Biographie de Jean-Pierre Thystère Tchicaya, président de l’Assemblée nationale du Congo" Archived 2011-07-08 at the Wayback Machine, Les Dépêches de Brazzaville, August 13, 2002 (in French).Rémy Bazenguissa-Ganga, Les voies du politique au Congo: essai de sociologie historique (1997), Karthala Editions, page 446 (in French). – June 20, 2008"Décès à Paris de l'ancien président de l'assemblée nationale, Jean Pierre Thystère Tchicaya" Archived 2012-02-09 at the Wayback Machine, Les Dépêches de Brazzaville, June 21, 2008 (in French).) be Congolese politician. He short small be acting head of state for Congo-Brazzaville for February 1979, plus e serve as President of de National Assembly from 2002 go 2007. He sana lead one political party, Rally for Democracy plus Social Progress (RDPS), from 1990 go 2008.

 Early career 
E born for January 1936 for Pointe-Noire, na member of one ethnic Vili royal family wey come from de old Kingdom of Loango. Tchicaya do e elementary school for Pointe-Noire from 1944 reach 1950. From 1950 to 1957, e go school for Brazzaville wey e earn Bachelor's Degree for Philosophy. Dem send am go France for 1957, where e go study for École Normale Supérieure for Saint-Cloud. E sana get Bachelor's Degree for History Education plus e work on doctorate for Paris-Sorbonne University before dem call am back go Congo for 1965. While e dey France, e marry one French woman, Blanche Marie Duran, for 1961, plus dem born four pikins: Dominique, Jean Marc, Patricia, plus Jean Pascal. Wen e come back, e work as director for Lycée Chaminade (1965–1967), de same place wey e finish e secondary school, plus for École Normale Supérieure de l'Afrique Centrale (1967–1970).

 Political career under single-party rule 
Tchicaya, wey be one of de founding members of de Congolese Labour Party (PCT), become Minister of Vocational plus Technical Education for December 1971. For August 1973, dem expand e role make e include higher education too; e hold dat position till December 1974. Plus during dat same period, on March 2, 1973, e take over temporary responsibility for de portfolio of information, culture, arts plus sports after dem arrest Sylvain Bemba."Sep 1973 - Approval of new constitution in referendum - Election of National Assembly - Cabinet reorganization", Keesing's Record of World Events, volume 19, September 1973, Congo, page 26,090.

E join de Central Committee of de PCT for December 1972, den e hold top-top position inside de party throughout de 1970s. From December 1974 go December 1975, e be de President of de PCT Central Commission of Control plus Verification. As political commissar for Pool region, dem add am join de Special Revolutionary General Staff wey dem form on 12 December 1975. Dem add e name too for de Council of State wey dem announce on January 8, 1976. E serve small time as acting head of state during de handover from Yhombi-Opango go Sassou Nguesso. Right after Denis Sassou Nguesso take over as president early 1979, Tchicaya get elect as Vice-President for one special PCT party congress on March 31, 1979. For February 1983, dem appoint am president of de Banque Commerciale Congolaise, but later Claude-Ernest Ndalla accuse am say e dey plot treason against de regime. From March 1979 till July 1984, e be member of de PCT Political Bureau wey dey in charge of ideology plus education, and e be de second highest person for de party. But dem remove am from all e positions for de party, include e seat for de Central Committee, and dem place am under house arrest for two years for 1984. Even though dem no talk officially why, some people believe say e get hand inside de 1982 bomb attacks wey happen for Brazzaville. For August 1986, de Revolutionary Court of Justice give Claude-Ernest Ndalla death sentence for those bomb attacks; Tchicaya sef face trial plus ten others, and dem give am five-year suspended sentence. Later, dem grant am amnesty for 1988.

 Political career after 1990 
After e split from de PCT, Tchicaya join opposition party National Union for Democracy plus Progress (UNDP; Union National pour la Démocratie et le Progrès) as de country dey start move into multiparty democracy. But later, e comot from UNDP go start e own opposition party, de RDPS, on October 29, 1990. E be delegate for de 1991 Sovereign National Conference, wey inside de Conference e popular pass for say "never again!" (plus jamais ça!).

As RDPS candidate for de August 1992 presidential election, Tchicaya land fifth position wey get 5.78% of de vote. E best support come from Kouilou Region (wey get Pointe-Noire, de second biggest city plus de economic capital), where e gather 28% of de vote and come second behind Pascal Lissouba. Tchicaya then support Bernard Kolélas from de Congolese Movement for Democracy plus Integral Development (MCDDI) for de second round, but Lissouba win Kolélas.

After President Lissouba lose ein parliamentary majority, e dissolve de National Assembly make dem prepare for new parliamentary election. Dis move bring political wahala plus lead to new government wey dem form under Prime Minister Claude Antoine Dacosta, wey mix Lissouba ein people plus members from de Union for Democratic Renewal (URD)–PCT opposition coalition. For dis new government wey dem appoint on 25 December 1992, Tchicaya take de position as Minister of Mines, Energy plus Hydrocarbons. Dacosta ein "60/40" government dey in place till May–June 1993 parliamentary election time, wey Tchicaya win seat for de National Assembly. But URD-PCT opposition coalition no gree accept de election result, dem talk say e be fraud, so dem form demma own government wey Tchicaya be de prime minister. For dat rival government too, dem give am post of Minister of National Defense plus Minister of Hydrocarbons. From 1993 go reach 1997, Tchicaya be President for URD Parliamentary Group. E win as Mayor of Pointe-Noire for July 1994, and e serve from August 1994 till October 1997.

During de 1997 civil war, Tchicaya be Second Vice-President for de National Mediation Committee, wey URD leader Bernard Kolélas chair, plus dem establish am for June 1997. After Kolélas come become prime minister, e form ein government on 14 September 1997 wey carry Tchicaya put as Minister of State for Decentralization plus Regional Development. But dat government no last — e collapse just one month later, on 14 October 1997, as rebel forces wey dey loyal to former president plus PCT leader Denis Sassou Nguesso capture Brazzaville. Few days after dat, Tchicaya announce say RDPS go support Sassou Nguesso.

Wen de transitional period after de war finish, Tchicaya win seat for National Assembly insyd de 2002 parliamentary election as RDPS candidate for Pointe Noire ein Mvou Mvou constituency; e grab de seat for first round plus 68.55% of de vote. After de parliamentary election, dem elect Tchicaya as President for de National Assembly on 10 August 2002; e get 122 votes out of 128 deputies wey vote. Plus, wen de Pan-African Parliament start to dey sit for March 2004, Tchicaya come become one of Congo ein five members.

Tchicaya no dey happy how dem organize de 2007 parliamentary election. Plus Justin Lekoundzou, wey be President for de Parliamentary Group of de Presidential Majority, dem write letter go give President Sassou Nguesso on 24 March 2007. For de letter inside, Tchicaya plus Lekoundzou beg make dem set up independent national electoral commission wey go watch over de election. For de same election, Tchicaya win again as RDPS candidate from Mvou Mvou 1 constituency for Pointe-Noire. E face seven challengers but still win plus 55.20% of de vote, after dem re-run de election for ein area for July 2007 sake of de problems wey disturb de first one. Wen de National Assembly hold dem first meeting for de new parliamentary term on 4 September 2007, Justin Koumba from de PCT replace Tchicaya as de new President for de National Assembly.

 Death 
Dem falsely talk say Tchicaya die for Paris insyd October 2007, but e truly die for Georges Pompidou European Hospital insyd Paris on 20 June 2008. Prime Minister Isidore Mvouba talk say Tchicaya be “great statesman” plus “worthy son of our country”, and e talk say Tchicaya “always show great consistency for ein commitment to de values of de Republic plus democracy” as deputy for de National Assembly. Dem carry ein body come back Brazzaville from Paris on 4 July, and dem do official tribute for am insyd Palace of de Parliament on 5 July. After dat, dem carry de body go Pointe-Noire for ein funeral plus burial. But e no go smooth kraa. Some youth for de second arrondissement of Pointe-Noire no gree make dem move ein coffin from Kokolo Copa Stadium go Franco Anselmi Stadium wey dem choose for de funeral, but after small talk, dem release de coffin. Some gbege like looting plus arrest happen too. After de funeral on 7 July, dem bury am for ein family cemetery for Mboukou, wey dey insyd de third arrondissement of de city, Tié-Tié.

 References 
References

Category:1936 births
Category:2008 deaths
Category:Human
Category:Republic of the Congo people
Category:Presidents of de National Assembly (Republic of the Congo)
Category:Members of de National Assembly (Republic of the Congo)
Category:Mayors of Pointe-Noire
Category:Rally for Democracy and Social Progress politicians
Category:20th-century Republic of the Congo politicians
Category:21st-century Republic of the Congo politicians