Intellectual disability

Intellectual disability (ID), dem sanso know am as general learning disability (insyd de United Kingdom), den formerly mental retardation (insyd de United States),Rosa's Law, Pub. L. 111-256, 124 Stat. 2643 (2010). (Archive) be a generalized neurodevelopmental disorder wey be characterized by significant impairment insyd intellectual den adaptive functioning wey be first apparent during kiddie time. Kiddies plus intellectual disabilities typically get an intelligence quotient (IQ) below 70 den dey deficit insyd at least two adaptive behaviors wey dey affect everyday living. According to de DSM-5, intellectual functions dey include reasoning, problem solving, planning, abstract thinking, judgment, academic learning, den learning from experience. Deficits insyd dese functions for be confirmed by clinical evaluation den individualized standard IQ testing. On de oda hand, adaptive behaviors dey include de social, developmental, den practical skills people learn to perform tasks insyd dema everyday lives. Deficits insyd adaptive functioning often dey compromise an individual ein independence den ability to meet dema social responsibility.

Intellectual disability be subdivided into syndromic intellectual disability, insyd wich intellectual deficits dem associate plus oda medical den behavioral signs and symptoms be present, den non-syndromic intellectual disability, insyd wich intellectual deficits dey appear widout oda abnormalities. Down syndrome den fragile X syndrome be examples of syndromic intellectual disabilities.

Intellectual disability dey affect about 2–3% of de general population. Seventy-five to ninety percent of de affected people get mild intellectual disability. Non-syndromic, anaa idiopathic cases account for 30–50% of dese cases. About a quarter of cases be caused by a genetic disorder, den about 5% of cases be inherited. Cases of unknown cause dey affect about 95 million people .

 References 

 External links 

 Facts about intellectual disabilities from the US Centers for Disease Control's National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities
Let's Work! A documentary about eight young people with IDD in California and their experiences with competitive integrated employment. Funded by the California State Council on Developmental Disabilities


Category:Developmental disabilities
Category:Learning disabilities
Category:Neurodevelopmental disorders