Human papillomavirus infection

Human papillomavirus infection (HPV infection) be an infection wey a DNA virus from de Papillomaviridae family cause. Chaw HPV infections dey cause no symptoms den 90% dey resolve spontaneously within two years. Sam times an HPV infection dey persist den result in warts anaa precancerous lesions. Chaw warts be caused by HPV. Dese lesions, wey dey depend on de site affected, increase de risk of cancer of de cervix, vulva, vagina, penis, anus, mouth, tonsils, anaa throat. Nearly all cervical cancer be secof HPV den two strains, HPV16 den HPV18, account for 70% of all cases. HPV16 be responsible for almost 90% of HPV-related cancers of de mouth, throat, anaa tonsils. Between 60% den 90% of de oda cancers dem list above sanso be linked to HPV. HPV6 den HPV11 be common causes of genital warts den laryngeal papillomatosis.

Na dem describe over 200 types of HPV. An individual fi cam be infected plus more dan one type of HPV wey na dem know de disease to affect humans per. More dan 40 types fi be spread thru sexual contact den infect de anus den genitals. Risk factors for persistent infection by sexually transmitted types dey include early age of first sexual intercourse, multiple sexual partners, smoking den poor immune function. Dese types typically be spread by direct skin-to-skin contact, plus vaginal den anal sex be de most common methods. HPV infection fi spread from a mommie to baby during pregnancy. Der be limited evidence say HPV fi spread indirectly, buh sam studies dey suggest e be theoretically possible to spread via contact plus contaminated surfaces. HPV no be killed by common hand sanitizers anaa disinfectants, wey dey increase de possibility of de virus be transferred via non-living infectious agents dem call fomites.

HPV vaccines fi prevent de most common types of infection. Chaw public health organisations now dey test directly for HPV. Screening dey allow for early treatment, wich dey result in better outcomes. Nearly every sexually active individual be infected plus HPV at sam point insyd dema lives. HPV be de most common sexually transmitted infection (STI), globally.

High-risk HPVs dey cause about 5% of all cancers worldwide den about 37,300 cases of cancer insyd de United States each year. Cervical cancer be among de most common cancers worldwide, wey dey cause an estimated 604,000 new cases den 342,000 deaths insyd 2020. Na about 90% of dese new cases den deaths of cervical cancer occur insyd low den middle income countries. Roughly 1% of sexually active adults get genital warts.

 References 

Read further
HPV contribution to carcinogenesis


HPV E6 den E7 Oncogenes


 External links 

 Information Centre on HPV and Cancer – ICO
 HPV Fact sheets at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
 "Human papillomavirus (HPV)" European Medicines Agency (EMA)
 "Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccines", National Cancer Institute

Category:Carcinogens
Category:Carcinogenesis
Category:Cervical cancer
Category:Infectious causes of cancer
Category:Papillomavirus
Category:Papillomavirus-associated diseases
Category:Vaccine-preventable diseases
Category:Translated from MDWiki