2008 Summer Paralympics

De 2008 Summer Paralympic Games (Chinese: 2008年夏季残疾人奥林匹克运动会; pinyin: 2008 Nián Xiàjì Cánjí Rén Àolínpǐkè Yùndònghuì), de 13th Summer Paralympic Games, take place insyd Beijing, China from September 6 to 17, 2008. As plus de 2008 Summer Olympics, na dem hold equestrian events insyd Hong Kong den sailing events insyd Qingdao. Na ebe de first time de fresh Paralympic logo feature insyd de Summer Paralympics since ein rebranding after de 2004 Summer Paralympics.

3,951 athletes wey komot 146 countries take part,"Beijing 2008", International Paralympic Committee de largest number of nations ever (ten more dan de 2004 Games insyd Athens). Five countries compete for de first time."CPC announces Canadian team for the 2008 Beijing Paralympic Games in China" Archived September 14, 2008, at the Wayback Machine, Canadian Paralympic Committee, July 8, 2008. As host country, China field more athletes dan any oda country. Na de slogan for de 2008 Paralympics be de same as de 2008 Summer Olympics, "One World, One Dream" (simplified Chinese: 同一个世界 同一个梦想; traditional Chinese: 同一個世界 同一個夢想 Pinyin Tóng yīge shìjìe tóng yīge mèngxiǎng, lit. "One World, One Dream"). China dominate de medal count, dem fini plus 89 gold medals den 211 total medals, more dan double de next-ranked NPC insyd both cases. Na dem break 339 Paralympic records den 279 world records. International Paralympic Committee (IPC) Presido Philip Craven declare de Games "the greatest Paralympic Games ever.""IPC chief: "These are greatest Paralympic Games ever" _English_Xinhua". News.xinhuanet.com. September 17, 2008. Archived from the original on September 19, 2008. Retrieved March 23, 2011.

Na dem select Beijing make e host de 2022 Winter Paralympics, wey make am de first city make e host both Summer den Winter Games.

 Venues 

Na dem select nineteen competition venue —seventeen insyd Beijing, one insyd Hong Kong, den one insyd Qingdao."Competition Venues – The Official Website of the Beijing 2008 Paralympic Games". The Beijing Organizing Committee for the Games of the XXIX Olympiad. Archived from the original on July 26, 2008. Retrieved July 26, 2008.

 Beijing National Stadium (Bird Nest) - Athletics, Opening den closing ceremonies.
 Beijing National Aquatics Center (Water Cube) - Swimming.
 Beijing National Indoor Stadium (Fan) - Wheelchair basketball.
 Fencing Gymnasium of Olympic Green Convention Centre - Boccia, Wheelchair fencing.
 Olympic Green Archery Field - Archery.
 Olympic Green Hockey Field - Football 5-a-side, Football 7-a-side.
 Olympic Green Tennis Centre (Flowers) - Wheelchair tennis.
 Peking University Gymnasium - Table tennis.
 Beihang University Gymnasium - Powerlifting.
 China Agricultural University Gymnasium - Sitting volleyball.
 Beijing Science and Technology University Gymnasium - Wheelchair rugby.
 Beijing Institute of Technology Gymnasium - Goalball.
 Beijing Shooting Range Hall - Shooting.
 Laoshan Velodrome - Cycling (track).
 Workers Gymnasium - Judo
 Shunyi Olympic Rowing-Canoeing Park - Rowing
 Triathlon Venue - Cycling (road)
 Hong Kong Equestrian Venues - Equestrian
 Qingdao International Sailing Centre - Sailing

 Symbols 

 Emblem 
Na dem unveil de Games's emblem, "Sky, Earth, and Human Beings" (Chinese: 天、地、人), insyd July 2004, multicolored Chinese character "之" (Chinese: zhī) dem stylize as athletic figure insyd motion.  Ein red, blue den green colors dey represent sun, sky den earth."Beijing Paralympics Emblem – The Official Website of the Beijing 2008 Paralympic Games". Archived from the original on July 20, 2008. Retrieved July 5, 2008.

 Slogan 
Na de slogan be de same as de 2008 Summer Olympics, "One World, One Dream".

 Mascots 
Na de mascot be cartoon cow dem name Fu Niu Lele (Chinese: 福牛乐乐), roughly dey mean "Lucky Ox 'Happy'"."Introduction to the Design of Fu Niu Lele – The Official Website of the Beijing 2008 Paralympic Games". Archived from the original on June 6, 2008. Retrieved July 5, 2008.

 Theme song 
Na de theme song be "Flying with the Dream" Chinese: 和梦一起飞."Beijing Paralympic theme song shows love for life". Xinhua. September 6, 2008. Archived from the original on September 29, 2008. Retrieved September 17, 2008. Na ebe performed by Chinese-Tibetan singer Han Hong den Hong Kong singer den actor Andy Lau.

 Torch relay 

Na de torch relay of de 2008 Summer Paralympics start from Tian Tan (Temple of Heaven) for August 28. Dem gather de flame before The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests (祈年殿) wey dem follow two routes (de "Route of Ancient China" den de "Route of Modern China"). Na dem return both routes to Beijing for September 5, wey na dem flame de torch for de National Stadium during de Opening Ceremony for September 6.

 De Games 

 Opening ceremony 
De opening ceremony take place for September 6, 2008. Na de pre-ceremony performance be succession of various musical performances, wey dey range from military music to folk music den performance of Ode to Joy."Full Coverage: The Opening Ceremony of the Beijing 2008 Paralympic Games" Archived September 6, 2008, at the Wayback Machine, Xinhua, September 6, 2008. Dey follow countdown, fireworks display signal de beginning of de ceremony proper. Na dem then raise de national flag of China, for accordance plus usual protocol, wey dem perform de national anthem of China. Performers dey wear suits insyd bright colours dem parade round de stadium, as welcoming ceremony wey dey precede de athletes dema entry. As plus de 2008 Summer Olympics, de ceremony include parade of nations, plus flag bearer give each national team. Contrary to Olympic tradition, de national team of Greece no enter first, as de Paralympic Games dey trace ein roots to Stoke Mandeville rather dan Olympia; de host country, as be customary insyd both Olympic den Paralympic Games, cam last. As dem wrep Chinese insyd characters wey e no be letters, na de order of de teams dema entry na dem determine by de number of strokes insyd de first character of dema respective countries dema Simplified Chinese names."Opening Ceremony plan released – The Official Website of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games". Archived from the original on September 6, 2008. Retrieved September 6, 2008. Dem sort countries plus de same number of strokes insyd de first character by those of de next character. Dis make Guinea (几内亚) de first country make dem enter as e dey take two strokes to wrep de first character insyd de country ein name (几). Dey follow de athletes dema parade, performance take place, dem divide into chapters den sub-chapters dem entitle de "Journey of Space" den "Journey of Life". De sunbird performance dem entail Yang Haitao (杨海涛), singer plus visual impairment, dey sing about dreams while acrobat insyd sunbird costume dem descend insyd simulated flight from de air den "awakened the blind singer from his sleep". De ceremony dey conclude plus Hou Bin, de first Chinese paralympian to be three-time champion consecutively insyd de same event, he lift ein self den ein wheelchair up for rope top by strength of arms go de top of Beijing National Stadium, wer he light de cauldron to mark de beginning of de Games.Peopledaily. "Peopledaily.com." China opens Beijing Paralympic Games in celebration of life and humanity. Retrieved on September 14, 2008.

 Closing ceremony 
Na dem hold de 2008 Summer Paralympics closing ceremony for de Beijing National Stadium. E begin for 8:00 pm China Standard Time (UTC+8) for September 17, 2008.English People's Daily. "People's daily." 2008 Olympics Closing Ceremony – Beijing. Retrieved on September 28, 2008.

 Sports 
Na twenty sports dey for de program top:

 23x23px Archery
 17x17px Athletics
 17x17px Boccia
 17x17px Cycling
 17x17px Equestrian
 17x17px Football 5-a-side
 17x17px Football 7-a-side
 17x17px Goalball
 17x17px Judo
 17x17px Powerlifting
 17x17px Rowing
 17x17px Sailing
 17x17px Shooting
 17x17px Swimming
 19x19px Table tennis
 17x17px Volleyball
 18x18px Wheelchair basketball
 17x17px Wheelchair fencing
 20x20px Wheelchair rugby
 17x17px Wheelchair tennis

Rowing make ein first appearance insyd de Paralympics for dese games.

 Calendar 
 ●  Opening ceremony ● Event competitions  ●  Gold medal events  ●  Closing ceremony

September 6thSat7thSun8thMon9thTue10thWed11thThu12thFri13thSat14thSun15thMon16thTue17thWedEvents 20px|alt=|link= Ceremonies OC          CC— 20px Archery ● ● ● ●432920px Athletics102017101620181925516020px Boccia ● ●4 ● ●37Cycling20px Road cycling15444620px Track cycling577420px  Equestrian ●2423 11Football20px 5-a-side ● ● ● ● ●1 120px  7-a-side ● ● ● ●1120px  Goalball ● ● ● ● ● ● ●2220px  Judo4451320px  Powerlifting3423422 2020px Rowing ● ●4420px Sailing ● ● ● ● ●3320px  Shooting2222221220px  Swimming16181612131614181714020px  Table tennis ● ● ●511 ● ● ●442420px Volleyball ● ● ● ● ● ● ●11220px Wheelchair basketball ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●11220px Wheelchair fencing33221020px Wheelchair rugby ● ● ● ●1120px Wheelchair tennis ● ● ● ● ●1326Daily medal events   27  41  61  46  45  52  49  56  51  36  8 472Cumulative total   27  68  129  175  220  272  321  377  428  464  472 September 6thSat7thSun8thMon9thTue10thWed11thThu12thFri13thSat14thSun15thMon16thTue17thWed Events
 NPCs wey dey participate 
De National Paralympic Committees wey dey follow send delegations make dem compete.Official list Archived September 9, 2008, at the Wayback Machine, International Paralympic Committee. Macau den de Faroe Islands be members of de International Paralympic Committee, buh no be of de International Olympic Committee; hence dem participate insyd de Paralympic Games buh no be insyd de Olympics.

Burundi, Gabon, Georgia, Haiti den Montenegro participate insyd de Paralympics for de first time.

Na Botswana be due make dem take part, buh ein single athlete, defending Paralympic champion sprinter Tshotlego Morama, withdraw prior to de Games secof injury. Na dem reject de country ein last-minute attempt make dem field oda athletes insyd ein place, as dem no meet de requirement of dem participate insyd international events."Botswna locked out of Paralympics", Mmegi, September 5, 2008
National Paralympic Committees wey dey participate Afghanistan
 Algeria
 Angola
 Argentina
 Armenia
 Australia
 Austria
 Azerbaijan
 Bahrain
 Bangladesh
 Barbados
 Belarus
 Belgium
 Benin
 Bermuda
 Bosnia and Herzegovina
 Brazil
 Bulgaria
 Burkina Faso
 Burundi
 Cambodia
 Canada
 Cape Verde
 Central African Republic
 Chile
 China
 Colombia
 Costa Rica
 Ivory Coast
 Croatia
 Cuba
 Cyprus
 Czech Republic
 Denmark
 Dominican Republic
 Ecuador
 Egypt
 El Salvador
 Estonia
 Ethiopia
 Faroe Islands
 Fiji
 Finland
 France
 Gabon
 Georgia
 Germany
 Ghana
 Great Britain
 Greece
 Guatemala
 Guinea
 Haiti
 Honduras
 Hong Kong
 Hungary
 Iceland
 India
 Indonesia
 Iran
 Iraq
 Ireland
 Israel
 Italy
 Jamaica
 Japan
 Jordan
 Kazakhstan
 Kenya
 Kuwait
 Kyrgyzstan
 Laos
 Latvia
 Lebanon
 Lesotho
 Libya
 Lithuania
 Luxembourg
 Macau
 Macedonia
 Madagascar
 Malaysia
 Mali
 Malta
 Mauritius
 Mexico
 Moldova
 Mongolia
 Montenegro
 Morocco
 Myanmar
 Namibia
   Nepal
 Netherlands
 New Zealand
 Niger
 Nigeria
 Norway
 Oman
 Pakistan
 Palestine
 Panama
 Papua New Guinea
 Peru
 Philippines
 Poland
 Portugal
 Puerto Rico
 Qatar
 Romania
 Russia
 Rwanda
 Samoa
 Saudi Arabia
 Senegal
 Serbia
 Singapore
 Slovakia
 Slovenia
 South Africa
 South Korea
 Spain
 Sri Lanka
 Suriname
 Sweden
  Switzerland
 Syria
 Chinese Taipei
 Tajikistan
 Tanzania
 Thailand
 East Timor
 Tonga
 Tunisia
 Turkey
 Turkmenistan
 Uganda
 Ukraine
 United Arab Emirates
 United States
 Uruguay
 Uzbekistan
 Vanuatu
 Venezuela
 Vietnam
 Zambia
 Zimbabwe

 Medal count 
Dis table dey base for de medal count of de International Paralympic Committee (IPC) top.

Dem dey sort de ranking primarily by de number of gold medals earn by National Paralympic Committee. Dem dey take de number of silver medals into consideration next den then de number of bronze medals. If countries be still tied, dem dey give equal ranking wey dem dey list dem alphabetically by IPC Country Code.

 *   Host nation (Host nation (China))
+2008 Summer Paralympics medal tableRankNPCGoldSilverBronzeTotal1China (CHN)*8970522112Great Britain (GBR)4229311023United States (USA)363528994Ukraine (UKR)241832745Australia (AUS)232927796South Africa (RSA)2136307Canada (CAN)191021508Russia (RUS)182322639Brazil (BRA)1614174710Spain (ESP)1521225811–76Remaining NPCs170219229618Totals (76 entries)4734714871,431

 International television 

 Australia – ABC1 den ABC2.
 Brazil – SporTV2 den Terra Networks.
 Canada – Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) insyd English den Société Radio Canada (SRC) insyd French.
 China – Chinese Central Television (CCTV) provide coverage for CCTV-1 top (opening den closing ceremony), CCTV-5 den CCTV-7 as all direct live telecast transmission.
 France – Eurosport
 Japan – NHK's NHK General TV provide coverage for JOAK-1 top
 Azerbaijan – AZTV
 Norway – NRK
 Sweden – Sveriges Television
 Turkey – TRT
 United States – Universal Sports
 United Kingdom – BBC provide coverage for BBC Television's BBC One top.

Insyd France, dey follow de Games, Philippe Juvin, national secretary of de governing Union for Popular Movement, accuse national public television network France Télévisions of dem practice "segregation" by dem dey provide live coverage of de Beijing Olympics buh ten-minute daily summaries of events per, outsyd prime time, for de Beijing Paralympics. France Télévisions reply say e go take Juvin to court for slander."Paralympiques: L'UMP accuse" Archived September 21, 2008, at the Wayback Machine, Journal du dimanche, September 19, 2008."Jeux paralympiques: France TV va attaquer Juvin (UMP) pour diffamation" Archived September 22, 2008, at the Wayback Machine, Agence France-Presse, September 18, 2008.

 References 

 External links 
Wikimedia Commons get media wey relate to 2008 Summer Paralympics.

 Beijing 2008 Paralympic Games Official Site
 International Paralympic Committee
 Paralympic Online Streaming Coverage

Precede by
AthensSummer Paralympics
Beijing
XIII Paralympic Summer Games (2008)Succeed by
London
Category:2008 Summer Paralympics
Category:2008 insyd multi-sport events
Category:2008 Summer Olympics
Category:Sports competitions insyd Beijing
Category:2008 insyd Chinese sport
Category:International sports competitions host by China
Category:2008 insyd Beijing
Category:Multi-sport events insyd China
Category:Summer Paralympic Games by year
Category:2008 insyd disability sport
Category:September 2008 sports events insyd Asia