Respiratory syncytial virus

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), dem sanso call human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) den human orthopneumovirus, be a virus wey dey cause infections of de respiratory tract. E be a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Na dem derive ein name from de large, multinucleated cells dem know as syncytia wey dey form wen infected cells fuse.

RSV be a common cause of respiratory hospitalization insyd infants, wey reinfection remain common insyd later life, though often plus less severity. E be a notable pathogen insyd all age groups. Infection rates be typically higher during de cold winter months. Infections fi cause bronchiolitis insyd infants, common colds insyd adults, den more serious respiratory illnesses, such as pneumonia, insyd older individuals den those plus immunocompromise wey result from, e.g., cardiopulmonary disease.

RSV fi cause outbreaks insyd both community den hospital settings. Dey follow initial infection via de eyes anaa nasal passages, de virus dey infect de epithelial cells of de upper den lower airways, wey dey cause inflammation, cell damage, den airway obstruction. A variety of methods be available for detecting den diagnosing RSV, wey dey include antigen testing, molecular testing, den viral culture.

Oda dan vaccination, prevention measures dey include hand-washing den avoiding close contact plus infected individuals. De carriage of RSV insyd respiratory aerosols, along plus de production of fine den ultrafine aerosols during normal breathing, talking, den coughing, den de emerging scientific consensus around transmission of all respiratory infections, fi suggest airborne precautions be needed for reliable protection. Insyd May 2023, na de US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approve de first RSV vaccines, Arexvy (wey GSK plc develop) den Abrysvo (Pfizer). De prophylactic use of palivizumab anaa nirsevimab (both be monoclonal antibody treatments) fi prevent RSV infection among infants plus high-risk predispositions.

Treatment for severe illness be primarily supportive, wey dey include oxygen therapy den more advanced breathing support plus continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) anaa nasal high flow oxygen, as dem require. Insyd cases of severe respiratory failure, intubation den mechanical ventilation fi be required. Ribavirin be an antiviral medication dem license for de treatment of RSV infection insyd kiddies.

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Category:Atypical pneumonias
Category:Viral respiratory tract infections
Category:Translated from MDWiki