Pancreatic cancer

Pancreatic cancer dey arise wen cells insyd de pancreas, a glandular organ behind de stomach, dey begin to multiply out of control den form a mass. Dese cancerous cells get de ability to invade oda parts of de body. A number of types of pancreatic cancer be known.

De most common, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, dey account for about 90% of cases,Unless otherwise specified in boxes, reference is:  wey dem samtimes dey use de term "pancreatic cancer"  to refer to dat type per. Dese adenocarcinomas dey start within de part of de pancreas wey dey make digestive enzymes. Chaw oda types of cancer, wich collectively dey represent de majority of de non-adenocarcinomas, sanso fi arise from dese cells.

About 1–2% of cases of pancreatic cancer be neuroendocrine tumors, wich dey arise from de hormone-producing cells of de pancreas. Dese be generally less aggressive dan pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Signs den symptoms of de most-common form of pancreatic cancer fi include yellow skin, abdominal anaa back pain, unexplained weight loss, light-colored stools, dark urine, den loss of appetite. Usually, dem no dey see symptoms insyd de disease ein early stages, den symptoms wey be specific enough to suggest pancreatic cancer typically no dey develop til na de disease reach an advanced stage. By de time of diagnosis, na pancreatic cancer often spread to oda parts of de body.

Pancreatic cancer rarely dey occur before de age of 40, den more dan half of cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma dey occur insyd those over 70. Risk factors give pancreatic cancer dey include tobacco smoking, obesity, diabetes, den certain rare genetic conditions. About 25% of cases be linked to smoking, den 5–10% be linked to inherited genes.

Dem usually dey  diagnose pancreatic cancer by a combination of medical imaging techniques such as ultrasound anaa computed tomography, blood tests, den examination of tissue samples (biopsy). Dem divide de disease into stages, from early (stage I) to late (stage IV). Dem no find screening de general population to be effective.

De risk of developing pancreatic cancer be lower among non-smokers, den people wey maintain a healthy weight den limit dema consumption of red anaa processed meat; de risk be greater for men, smokers, den those plus diabetes. Der be sam studies wey dey link high levels of red meat consumption to increased risk of pancreatic cancer, though meta-analyses typically find no clear evidence of a relationship. Smokers dema risk of developing de disease dey decrease immediately upon quitting, den almost dey return to dat of de rest of de population after 20 years. Dem fi treat pancreatic cancer plus surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, palliative care, anaa a combination of these. Treatment options dey partly base on de cancer stage. Surgery be de treatment per wey fi cure pancreatic adenocarcinoma, wey na dem sanso fi be done to improve quality of life widout de potential for cure. Pain management den medications to improve digestion sam times be needed. Dem dey recommend early palliative care even for those wey dey receive treatment wey dey aim for a cure.

Pancreatic cancer be among de most deadly forms of cancer globally, plus one of de lowest survival rates. Insyd 2015, na pancreatic cancers of all types result in 411,600 deaths globally. Pancreatic cancer be de fifth-most-common cause of death from cancer insyd de United Kingdom, den de third most-common insyd de United States. De disease dey occur most often insyd de developed world, wer about 70% of de new cases insyd 2012 originate. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma typically get a very poor prognosis; after diagnosis, 25% of people survive one year den 12% live for five years. For cancers dem diagnose early, de five-year survival rate dey rise to about 20%. "The highest cure rate occurs if the tumor is truly localized to the pancreas; however, this stage of disease accounts for less than 20% of cases. In cases with localized disease and small cancers (<2 cm) with no lymph-node metastases and no extension beyond the capsule of the pancreas, complete surgical resection is still associated with a low actuarial five-year survival rate of 18% to 24%." Neuroendocrine cancers get better outcomes; at five years from diagnosis, 65% of those dem diagnose dey live, though survival considerably dey vary wey dey depend on de type of tumor.

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Category:Gastrointestinal cancer
cancer
Category:Digestive system neoplasia
Category:Translated from MDWiki