Azerbaijan

Azerbaijan, wey dem dey officially call Republic of Azerbaijan, be one transcontinental den landlocked country wey dey de boundary between West Asia den Eastern Europe.While often politically aligned with Europe, Azerbaijan is generally considered to be at least mostly in Southwest Asia geographically with its northern part bisected by the standard Asia–Europe divide, the Greater Caucasus. The United Nations classification of world regions Archived 17 April 2010 at the Wayback Machine places Azerbaijan in Western Asia; the CIA World Factbook places it mostly in Southwest Asia  Archived 27 January 2021 at the Wayback Machine and Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary Archived 9 April 2023 at the Wayback Machine places it in both; NationalGeographic.com Archived 24 November 2023 at the Wayback Machine, and Encyclopædia Britannica Archived 29 May 2015 at the Wayback Machine also place Georgia in Asia. Conversely, some sources place Azerbaijan in Europe such as Worldatlas.com Archived 15 August 2010 at the Wayback Machine. E be part of de South Caucasus region, den e get de Caspian Sea for east, Russia ein Dagestan republic for north, Georgia for northwest, Armenia den Turkey for west, den Iran for south. Baku be de capital den de biggest city.

De area wey now be Azerbaijan, first dem rule am under Caucasian Albania, then later different Persian empires take over. Till de 19th century, e still be part of Qajar Iran, but after de Russo-Persian wars of 1804–1813 den 1826–1828, de Qajar Empire lose ein Caucasian territories to de Russian Empire; de treaties of Gulistan for 1813 den Turkmenchay for 1828 set de border between Russia den Iran. De region north of de Aras River be part of Iran before Russia conquer am for de 19th century, den e be part of de Caucasus Viceroyalty.

By de late 19th century, Azerbaijani national identity start emerge, wey for 1918, de Azerbaijan Democratic Republic declare ein independence from de Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic, just one year after de Russian Empire collapse. E be de first secular democratic Muslim-majority state. But for 1920, de Soviet Union conquer am den e turn de Azerbaijan SSR. De modern Republic of Azerbaijan declare ein independence on 30 August 1991, just before de Soviet Union dissolve. For September 1991, de ethnic Armenian majority for Nagorno-Karabakh region declare de self-proclaimed Republic of Artsakh, wey e turn de facto independent after de First Nagorno-Karabakh War for 1994, even tho de region den seven surrounding districts still dey internationally recognized as part of Azerbaijan. After de Second Nagorno-Karabakh War for 2020, de seven districts plus parts of Nagorno-Karabakh return to Azerbaijani control.  For 2023, one Azerbaijani offensive end de Republic of Artsakh den e lead to mass flight of Nagorno-Karabakh Armenians.

Azerbaijan be one unitary semi-presidential republic. E be one of de six independent Turkic states den e be active member of de Organization of Turkic States den de TÜRKSOY community. Azerbaijan get diplomatic relations plus 182 countries den e be member of 38 international organizations, like de United Nations, de Council of Europe, de Non-Aligned Movement, de OSCE, den de NATO PfP program. E be founding member of GUAM, de Commonwealth of Independent States, den de OPCW. Azerbaijan be observer state for de World Trade Organization.

De majority of de country ein population (97%) be nominally"Azerbaijan". The World Factbook (2025 ed.). Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 8 May 2022. (Archived 2022 edition.) Muslim. De Constitution of Azerbaijan no dey declare any official religion, den all de major political forces for de country be secular. Azerbaijan be developing country den e dey rank 89th for de Human Development Index. De ruling New Azerbaijan Party, wey e dey power since 1993, dem accuse am of authoritarianism under presidents Heydar Aliyev den ein son Ilham Aliyev. Dem talk say e dey worsen de country ein human rights record, wey dey including more restrictions on civil liberties, especially press freedom den political repression.

 Government den politics 

 Administrative divisions 
Der be 14 economic regions; 66 rayons (rayonlar, singular rayon) den 11 cities (şəhərlər, singular şəhər) under de direct authority of de republic. Moreover, Azerbaijan dey include de Autonomous Republic (muxtar respublika) of Nakhchivan. De Presido of Azerbaijan dey appoint de governors of dese units, while dem dey elect de government of Nakhchivan wey de parliament of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic dey approve am.

 Baku Economic Region
 Baku
 Absheron-Khizi Economic Region
 Absheron (Abşeron)
 Khizi (Xızı)
 Sumgait (Sumqayıt)
 Central Aran Economic Region
 Aghdash (Ağdaş)
 Goychay (Göyçay)
 Kurdamir (Kürdəmir)
 Ujar (Ucar)
 Yevlakh (Yevlax)
 Yevlakh (Yevlax; city)
 Zardab (Zərdab)
 Mingachevir (Mingəçevir)
 Mil-Mughan Economic Region
 Beylagan (Beyləqan)
 Imishli (İmişli)
 Saatly (Saatlı)
 Sabirabad (Sabirabad)
 Shirvan-Salyan Economic Region
 Bilasuvar (Biləsuvar)
 Hajigabul (Hacıqabul)
 Neftchala (Neftçala)
 Salyan (Salyan)
 Yevlakh (Yevlax)
 Shirvan (Şirvan)
 Mountainous Shirvan economic region
 Aghsu (Ağsu)
 Gobustan (Qobustan)
 Ismayilli (İsmayıllı)
 Shamakhi (Şamaxı)
 Ganja-Dashkasan Economic Region
 Dashkasan (Daşkəsən)
 Goranboy (Goranboy)
 Goygol (Göygöl)
 Samukh (Samux)
 Ganja (Gəncə)
 Naftalan (Naftalan)
 Gazakh-Tovuz Economic Region
 Aghstafa (Ağstafa)
 Gadabay (Gədəbəy)
 Gazakh (Qazax)
 Shamkir (Şəmkir)
 Tovuz (Tovuz)
 Guba-Khachmaz Economic Region
 Guba (Quba)
 Gusar (Qusar)
 Khachmaz (Xaçmaz)
 Shabran (Şabran)
 Siyazan (Siyəzən)
 East Zangezur Economic Region
 Gubadly (Qubadlı)
 Jabrayil (Cəbrayıl)
 Kalbajar (Kəlbəcər)
 Lachin (Laçın)
 Zangilan (Zəngilan)
 Lankaran-Astara Economic Region
 Astara (Astara)
 Jalilabad (Cəlilabad)
 Lankaran (Lənkəran)
 Lerik (Lerik)
 Masally (Masallı)
 Yardimli (Yardımlı)
 Lankaran (Lənkəran; city)
 Nakhchivan Economic Region
 Babek (Babək)
 Julfa (Culfa)
 Kangarli (Kəngərli)
 Ordubad (Ordubad)
 Sadarak (Sədərək)
 Shahbuz (Şahbuz)
 Sharur (Şərur)
 Nakhchivan (Naxçıvan)
 Shaki-Zagatala Economic Region
 Balakan (Balakən)
 Gabala (Qəbələ)
 Gakh (Qax)
 Oghuz (Oğuz)
 Shaki (Şəki)
 Zagatala (Zaqatala)
 Shaki (Şəki; city)
 Karabakh Economic Region
 Aghjabadi (Ağcabədi)
 Barda (Bərdə)
 Aghdam (Ağdam)
 Fuzuli (Füzuli)
 Khojaly (Xocalı)
 Khojavend (Xocavənd)
 Shusha (Şuşa)
 Tartar (Tərtər)
 Khankendi (Xankəndi)

 Demographics 
Largest cities anaa towns insyd Azerbaijan

2013 Demographic statistics according to de administrative divisions, Azerbaijan State Statistics CommitteeRankNameEconomic regionsPop.RankNameEconomic regionsPop.1BakuAbsheron2,150,80011KhachmazGuba-Khachmaz64,8002SumgaitAbsheron325,20012AghdamUpper Karabakh59,8003GanjaGanja-Qazakh323,00013JalilabadLankaran56,4004MingachevirAran99,70014KhankandiUpper Karabakh55,1005LankaranLankaran85,30015AgjabadiAran46,9006ShirvanAran80,90016ShamakhiDaglig-Shirvan43,7007NakhchivanNakhchivan78,30017FuzuliUpper Karabakh42,0008ShamkirGanja-Qazakh69,60018SalyanAran37,0009ShakiShaki-Zaqatala66,40019BardaAran38,60010YevlakhAran66,30020NeftchalaAran38,200

 Ethnicity 
De ethnic composition of de population according to de 2009 population census: 91.6% Azerbaijanis, 2.0% Lezgins, 1.4% Armenians (almost all Armenians dey live insyd de break-away region of Nagorno-Karabakh), 1.3% Russians, 1.3% Talysh, 0.6% Avars, 0.4% Turkish people, 0.3% Tatars, 0.3% Tats, 0.2% Ukrainians, 0.1% Tsakhurs, 0.1% Georgians, 0.1% Jews, 0.1% Kurds, oda 0.2%.

 References 

 Read further 

 Altstadt, Audrey. Frustrated Democracy in Post-Soviet Azerbaijan (2018)
 Broers, Broers Laurence. Armenia and Azerbaijan: Anatomy of a rivalry (Edinburgh University Press, 2019).
 Cornell, Svante E. Azerbaijan since independence (Routledge, 2015).
 Dragadze, Tamara. "Islam in Azerbaijan: The Position of Women" in Muslim Women's Choices (Routledge, 2020) pp. 152–163.
 Elliott, Mark. Azerbaijan with Georgia (Trailblazers Publications, 1999).
 Ergun, Ayça. "Citizenship, National Identity, and Nation-Building in Azerbaijan: Between the Legacy of the Past and the Spirit of Independence." Nationalities Papers (2021): 1–18. online
 Goltz, Thomas. Azerbaijan Diary : A Rogue Reporter's Adventures in an Oil-Rich, War-Torn, Post-Soviet Republic. M E Sharpe (1998). 
 Habibov, Nazim, Betty Jo Barrett, and Elena Chernyak. "Understanding women's empowerment and its determinants in post-communist countries: Results of Azerbaijan national survey." Women's Studies International Forum. Vol. 62. Pergamon, 2017.
 Olukbasi, Suha. Azerbaijan: A Political History. I.B. Tauris (2011). Focus on post-Soviet era.

 External links 

General information
 Azerbaijan International
 Heydar Aliyev Foundation
 Azerbaijan. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
 Azerbaijan at University of Colorado at Boulder
 Country profile from BBC
 Key Development Forecasts for Azerbaijan from International Futures
 Visions of Azerbaijan Journal of The European Azerbaijan Society


Major government resources
 President of Azerbaijan website
 Azerbaijan State Statistical Committee
 United Nations Office in Azerbaijan

Major news media
 Network NEWS Azerbaijan Archived 14 November 2016 at the Wayback Machine
 Azerbaijan Today
 Trend News Agency
 News.Az

Tourism
 Azerbaijan Tourism Portal
 Travel in Azerbaijan in Visions of Azerbaijan Journal


Category:Caucasus
Category:Countries for Asia insyd
Category:Countries for Europe insyd
Category:West Asian countries
Category:Landlocked countries
Category:South Caucasus
Category:Republics
Category:Member states of de Commonwealth of Independent States
Category:Member states of de Council of Europe
Category:Member states of de Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
Category:Member states of de United Nations
Category:States den territories dem establish insyd 1991
Category:1991 establishments insyd Asia
Category:1991 establishments insyd Europe
Category:Countries den territories wer Azerbaijani be official language
Category:Members of de International Organization of Turkic Culture
Category:Member states of de Organization of Turkic States
Category:Developing 8 Countries member states