Myasthenia gravis

Myasthenia gravis (MG) be a long-term neuromuscular junction disease wey dey lead to varying degrees of skeletal muscle weakness. De most commonly affected muscles be those of de eyes, face, den swallowing. E fi result in double vision, drooping eyelids, den difficulties in talking den walking. Onset fi be sudden. Those wey be affected often get a large thymus anaa develop a thymoma.

Myasthenia gravis be an autoimmune disease of de neuromuscular junction wich dey result from antibodies wey dey block anaa destroy nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChR) at de junction between de nerve den muscle. Dis dey prevent nerve impulses from triggering muscle contractions. Chaw cases be secof immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) den IgG3 antibodies wey dey attack AChR insyd de postsynaptic membrane, wey dey cause complement-mediated damage den muscle weakness. Rarely, an inherited genetic defect insyd de neuromuscular junction dey result in a similar condition dem know as congenital myasthenia. Babies of mommies plus myasthenia fi get symptoms during dema first few months of life, dem know as neonatal myasthenia anaa more specifically transient neonatal myasthenia gravis. Diagnosis fi be supported by blood tests for specific antibodies, de edrophonium test, electromyography (EMG), anaa a nerve conduction study.

Mild forms of myasthenia gravis fi be treated plus medications dem know as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, such as neostigmine den pyridostigmine. Immunosuppressants, such as prednisone anaa azathioprine, sanso fi be required for more severe symptoms wey acetylcholinesterase inhibitors be insufficient to treat. De surgical removal of de thymus fi improve symptoms insyd certain cases. Plasmapheresis den high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin fi be used wen oral medications be insufficient to treat severe symptoms, wey dey include during sudden flares of de condition. If de breathing muscles cam be significantly weak, mechanical ventilation fi be required. Once intubated acetylcholinesterase inhibitors fi be temporarily held make e reduce airway secretions.

Myasthenia gravis dey affect 50 to 200 people per million. E be newly diagnosed insyd 3 to 30 people per million each year. Diagnosis cam be more common secof increased awareness. Myasthenia gravis most commonly dey occur insyd women under de age of 40 den insyd men over de age of 60. E be uncommon insyd kiddies. Plus treatment, chaw dey live to an average life expectancy. De word be from de Greek mys, "muscle" den asthenia "weakness", den de Latin gravis, "serious".

 References 

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 External links 

 Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA)
 Myasthenia Gravis News
 myaware.org
 Conquer MG

Category:Autoimmune diseases
Category:Myoneural junction den neuromuscular diseases
Category:Translated from MDWiki