Tetanus

Tetanus (from Ancient Greek τέτανος 'tension, stretched, rigid'), dem sanso know as lockjaw, be a bacterial infection wey Clostridium tetani cause wey be characterized by muscle spasms. Insyd de most common type, de spasms begin insyd de jaw den then progress to de rest of de body. Each spasm dey usually last for a few minutes. Spasms dey occur frequently for three to four weeks. Sam spasms fi be severe enough to fracture bones. Oda symptoms of tetanus fi include fever, sweating, headache, trouble swallowing, high blood pressure, den a fast heart rate. De onset of symptoms be typically 3 to 21 days following infection. Recovery fi take months; na about 10% of cases prove to be fatal.

C. tetani commonly be found insyd soil, saliva, dust, den manure. De bacteria generally dey enter thru a break in de skin, such as a cut anaa puncture wound wey a contaminated object cause. Dem dey produce toxins wey dey interfere plus normal muscle contractions. Diagnosis be based on de presenting signs den symptoms. De disease no dey spread between people.

Tetanus fi be prevented by immunization plus de tetanus vaccine. Insyd those wey get a significant wound wey na e get fewer dan three doses of de vaccine, both vaccination den tetanus immune globulin be recommended. De wound for be cleaned, den any dead tissue for be removed. Insyd those wey be infected, tetanus immune globulin, anaa, if unavailable, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) be used. Muscle relaxants fi be used to control spasms. Mechanical ventilation fi be required if a person ein breathing be affected.

Tetanus dey occur insyd all parts of de world buh e be most frequent insyd hot den wet climates wer na de soil get a high organic content. Insyd 2015, na der be about 209,000 infections den about 59,000 deaths globally. This is down from 356,000 deaths in 1990. Insyd de US, der be about 30 cases per year, almost na all of wich be insyd people wey na dem no be vaccinated. Na an early description of de disease be made by Hippocrates insyd de 5th century BC. Na de cause of de disease be determined insyd 1884 by Antonio Carle den Giorgio Rattone at de University of Turin, wey na dem develop a vaccine insyd 1924.

 References 

 External links 

 Tetanus Information from Medline Plus
 Tetanus Surveillance -- United States, 1998-2000 (Data and Analysis)



Category:Bacterial diseases
Category:Vaccine-preventable diseases
Category:Translated from MDWiki
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