Glioblastoma

Glioblastoma, dem sanso know am as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), be de most aggressive type of cancer wey dey begin within de brain. Initially, signs den symptoms of glioblastoma be nonspecific. Dem fi include headaches, personality changes, nausea den symptoms similar to those of a stroke. Symptoms often dey worsen rapidly wey fi progress to unconsciousness.

De cause of chaw cases of glioblastoma no be known. Uncommon risk factors dey include genetic disorders, such as neurofibromatosis den Li–Fraumeni syndrome, den previous radiation therapy. Glioblastomas dey represent 15% of all brain tumors. Dem fi either start from normal brain cells anaa develop from an existing low-grade astrocytoma. Dem typically make diagnosis by a combination of a CT scan, MRI scan den tissue biopsy.

Der be no known method of preventing de cancer. Treatment usually dey involve surgery, after wich dem dey use chemotherapy den radiation therapy. Dem frequently dey use de medication temozolomide as part of chemotherapy. Dem fi use high-dose steroids make e help reduce swelling den decrease symptoms. Greater surgical removal of de tumor be linked to longer survival.

Despite maximum treatment, de cancer usually dey recur. De typical duration of survival following diagnosis be 12 to 15 months, plus fewer dan 3 to 7% of people wey dey survive longer dan five years. Widout treatment, survival be typically three months. E be de most common cancer wey dey begin within de brain den de second-most common brain tumor, after meningioma. About 3 insyd 100,000 people dey develop de disease per year. E most often dey begin around 64 years of age den dey occur more commonly insyd males dan females. Dem dey study Immunotherapy as treatment give de cancer.

Pathogenesis

 Glioblastoma classification 
+Features of glioblastoma, IDH wildtype, WHO 4SynonymsGlioblastoma, GBMCell of originAstrocyteMedian age at diagnosis~62 yearsMale:Female ratio1.42:1Median length of clinical history at diagnosis4 monthsMedian overall survivalSurgery + radiotherapy9.9 monthsSurgery + radiotherapy + chemotherapy15 monthsLocationUsually supratentorial, rarely cerebellum anaa spineNecrosis and microvascular proliferationExtensiveAssociated molecular/genetic mutationsTERT promoter mutation, combined gain of chromosome 7 den loss of chromosome 10; EGFR amplification

References

 External links 

 Information about glioblastoma Archived 5 February 2024 at the Wayback Machine from de American Brain Tumor Association

Category:Aging-associated diseases
Category:Brain tumor
Category:Cancer
Category:Oncology
Category:Translated from MDWiki