Kaaba

De Kaaba, dem sam times refer to am as al-Kaʽba al-Musharrafa, be a stone building for de center of Islam ein most important mosque den holiest site, de Masjid al-Haram insyd Mecca, Saudi Arabia.Wensinck & Jomier 1978, p. 317. Ebe considered by Muslims e be de Baytullah (Arabic: بَيْت ٱللَّٰه, lit. 'House of God') wey ebe de qibla (Arabic: قِبْلَة, direction of prayer) give Muslims around de world. Na dem build de current structure after na de original building be damaged by a fire during de siege of Mecca by de Umayyads insyd 683 CE.Wensinck & Jomier 1978, p. 319.

Insyd early Islam, na Muslims face insyd de general direction of Jerusalem as de qibla for dema prayers insyd before dem change de direction make dem face de Kaaba, believe by Muslims e be a result of a Quranic verse revelation to Muhammad.Mubarakpuri 1976.thumb
 History 

 Origin 

 Etymology 
De literal meaning of de word Ka'bah (Arabic: كعبة) be cube.Hans Wehr, Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 1994. Insyd de Qur'an, from de era of de life of Muhammad, na dem mention de Kaaba by de names wey dey follow:

 al-Bayt (Arabic: ٱلْبَيْت, lit. 'de house') insyd 2:125 by Allah[Quran 2:125]
 Baytī (Arabic: بَيْتِي, lit. 'My House') insyd 22:26 by Allah[Quran 22:26]
 Baytik al-Muḥarram (Arabic: بَيْتِكَ ٱلْمُحَرَّم, lit. 'Your Inviolable House') insyd 14:37 by Ibrahim[Quran 14:37]
 al-Bayt al-Ḥarām (Arabic: ٱلْبَيْت ٱلْحَرَام, lit. 'The Sacred House') insyd 5:97 by Allah[Quran 5:97]
 al-Bayt al-ʿAtīq (Arabic: ٱلْبَيْت ٱلْعَتِيق, lit. 'The Ancient House') insyd 22:29 by Allah[Quran 22:29]

According to historian Eduard Glaser, na de name "Kaaba" fi be related to de southern Arabian anaa Ethiopian word "mikrab", wey dey signify a temple.Wensinck & Jomier 1978, p. 318. Author Patricia Crone dey dispute dis etymology.Crone 2004.

 Architecture den interior 
De Kaaba be a cuboid-shaped structure dem make of stones. Ebe approximately 15 m (49 ft 3 in) high plus sides wey dey measure 12 m (39 ft 4 in) × 10.5 m (34 ft 5 in) wide (Hawting dey state 10 m (32 ft 10 in).Hawting 2003, p. 75. Insyd de Kaaba, dem make de floor of marble den limestone. De interior walls be clad plus tiled, white marble halfway to de roof, plus darker trimmings along de floor. De floor of de interior dey stand about 2 m (6 ft 7 in) above de ground area wer dem dey perform de tawaf.alt=|center

Each numbered item insyd de following list wey dey correspond to features dem note insyd de diagram image.
 De Ḥajar al-Aswad (Arabic: الحجر الأسود, romanized: al-Hajar al-Aswad, lit. 'The Black Stone'), dey locate for de Kaaba ein eastern corner. Ebe de location wer Muslims dey start dema circumambulation of de Kaaba, dem know am as de tawaf.
 De entrance be a door dem set 2.13 m (7 ft 0 in) above de ground for de north-eastern wall of de Kaaba, dem bell de Bāb ar-Raḥmah (Arabic: باب الرحمة, romanized: Bāb ar-Raḥmah, lit. 'Door of Mercy'), wey sanso dey act as de façade.
 De Mīzāb ar-Raḥmah, dem commonly shorten to Mīzāb anaa Meezab be a rain spout dem make of gold.
 Dis slant structure, wey dey cover three syds of de Kaaba, be known as de Shadherwaan (Arabic: شاذروان) wey na dem add am insyd 1627 along plus de Mīzāb ar-Raḥmah make e protect de foundation from rainwater.
 De Hatīm (dem sanso romanize am as hateem) wey dem sanso know am as de Hijr Ismail, be a low wall wey na ebe part of de original Kaaba.
 al-Multazam, de roughly 2 m (6+1⁄2 ft) space along de wall between de Black Stone den de entry door.
 De Station of Ibrahim (Maqam Ibrahim) be a glass den metal enclosure plus wat na dem say e be an imprint of Ibrahim ein feet.According to Muslim tradition: "God made the stone under Ibrahim's feet into something like clay so that his feet sunk into it. That was a miracle. It was transmitted on the authority of Abu Ja'far al-Baqir (may peace be upon him) that he said: Three stones were sent down from the Garden: the Station of Ibrahim, the rock of the children of Israel, and the Black Stone, which God entrusted Ibrahim with as a white stone. It was whiter than paper, but became black from the sins of the children of Adam." (The Hajj, F.E. Peters 1996)
 De corner of de Black Stone. E dey face very slightly southeast from de center of de Kaaba. De four corners of de Kaaba roughly point toward de four cardinal directions of de compass.
 De Rukn al-Yamani (Arabic: الركن اليمني, romanized: ar-Rukn al-Yamani, lit. 'De Yemeni Corner'), dem sanso know am as Rukn-e-Yamani anaa Rukn-e-Yemeni, be de corner of de Kaaba wey dey face slightly southwest from de center of de Kaaba.Hawting 2003, p. 76.
 De Rukn ush-Shami (Arabic: الركن الشامي, romanized: ar-Rukn ash-Shami, lit. 'De Levantine Corner'), dem sanso know am as Rukn-e-Shami, be de corner of de Kaaba wey dey face very slightly northwest from de center of de Kaaba.
 De Rukn al-'Iraqi (Arabic: الركن العراقي, romanized: ar-Rukn al-'Iraqi, lit. 'De Iraqi Corner'), be de corner wey dey face slightly northeast from de center of de Kaaba.
 Kiswah, de embroidered covering. Kiswa be a black silk den gold curtain wich dem dey replace annually during de Hajj pilgrimage.
 Marble stripe wey dey mark de beginning den end of each circumambulation.Key to numbered parts translated from, accessed 2 December
Note: Na dem observe de major (long) axis of de Kaaba make e align plus de rising of de star Canopus toward wich dem dey direct ein southern wall, while ein minor axis (ein east–west facades) roughly align plus de sunrise of summer solstice den de sunset of winter solstice.

Significance insyd Islam
De Kaaba be de holiest site insyd Islam,Wright, Lyn; Kramer, John; Fusco, Angela. (2012), Dad's house, mom's house, National Film Board of Canada, OCLC 812009749 wey na dem often bell am by names such as de Bayt Allah (Arabic: بيت الله, romanized: Bayt Allah, lit. 'House of Allah').The Basis for the Building Work of God p. 37, Witness Lee, 2003Al-Muwatta Of Iman Malik Ibn Ana, p. 186, Anas, 2013 den Bayt Allah al-Haram (Arabic: بيت الله الحرام, romanized: Bayt Allah il-Haram, lit. 'De Sacred House of Allah').

 Tawaf 

 Ṭawāf al-Qudūm (arrival ṭawāf) be performed by those wey no dey reside insyd Mecca once dem reach de Holy City.
 Ṭawāf aṭ-Ṭaḥīyah (greeting ṭawāf) be performed after dem enter al-Masjid al-Haram for any oda times wey ebe mustahab.
 Ṭawāf al-'Umrah (Umrah ṭawāf) dey refer to de ṭawāf performed specifically for Umrah.
 Ṭawāf al-Wadā''' ("farewell ṭawāf") be performed before dem lef Mecca.
 Ṭawāf az-Zīyārah (ṭawāf of visiting), Ṭawāf al-'Ifāḍah (ṭawāf of compensation) anaa Ṭawāf al-Ḥajj (Hajj ṭawāf) be performed after dem plete de Hajj.

Gallery
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 References 

Bibliography
 Amstrong, Karen (1997). Jerusalem: One City, Three Faiths. HarperCollins. ISBN 9780345391681.



Hisham Ibn Al-Kalbi The book of Idols, translated with introduction and notes by Nabih Amin Faris 1952

Mohamed, Mamdouh N. (1996). Hajj to Umrah: From A to Z. Amana Publications. .

Peterson, Andrew (1997). Dictionary of Islamic Architecture London: Routledge.
[1915] The Book of History, a History of All Nations From the Earliest Times to the Present'', Viscount Bryce (Introduction), The Grolier Society.

 External links 

Ka'bah info: Everything you want to know about the Holy Ka'bah Archived 1 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine
SA's Official Live Webcam of the Kaaba
Former door of the Kaaba (ca. 1635)


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