Libya

Libya (/ˈlɪbiə/ (listen); Arabic: ليبيا, romanized: Lībiyā, pronounced [liː.bi.jæː]), officially de State of Libya (Arabic: دولة ليبيا, romanized: Dawlat Lībiyā), be country for de Maghreb region wey dey North Africa. De Mediterranean Sea dey border am go de north, Egypt go de east, Sudan go de southeast, Chad go de south, Niger go de southwest, Algeria go de west, den Tunisia go de northwest. Libya get three historical regions: Tripolitania, Fezzan, den Cyrenaica. Plus area of almost 1.8 million km2 (700,000 sq mi), ebe de fourth-largest country for Africa den de Arab world insyd, den de 16th-largest for de world insyd."Demographic Yearbook (3) Pop., Rate of Pop. Increase, Surface Area & Density" (PDF). United Nations Statistics Division. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 November 2012. Retrieved 5 February 2013. Libya dey claim 32,000 square kilometres of southeastern Algeria, south of de Libyan town of Ghat."Libya". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 7 August 2024. Archived from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 19 August 2024."Libya-Algeria". Archived from the original on 28 September 2023. Retrieved 1 April 2024. De country ein official religion be Islam, plus 96.6% of de Libyan population be Sunni Muslims. De official language for Libya be Arabic, plus vernacular Libyan Arabic be de one dem dey speak waa, wey de majority of Libya ein population be Arab.Britannica Student Encyclopaedia. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. 1 May 2014. ISBN 978-1-62513-172-0. De largest city den capital, Tripoli, dey locate for north-western Libya wey edey contain ova million of Libya ein seven million people."Libya Demographics Profile 2014". Indexmundi.com. 30 June 2015. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 1 April 2016.

Berbers inhabit Libya since de late Bronze Age as descendants from Iberomaurusian den Capsian dema cultures.J. Desanges, "The proto-Berbers", pp. 236–245, especially p. 237, in General History of Africa, vol. II: Ancient Civilizations of Africa (UNESCO 1990). For classical antiquity insyd, de Phoenicians establish city-states den postd dem dey trade for western Libya insyd, while na dem establish chaw Greek cities for de East insyd. Carthaginians, Persians, den Greeks rule parts of Libya before de entire region cam turn part of de Roman Empire. Na Libya be early center of Christianity. After de fall of de Western Roman Empire, de Vandals mstly occupy de area of Libya til de 7th century wen invasions take Islam cam de region. From then dey go, centuries of Arab migration go de Maghreb shift de demographic scope of Libya wey favor de Arabs. For de 16th century insyd, de Spanish Empire den de Knights of St John occupy Tripoli til Ottoman rule begin for 1551 insyd. Na Libya be involve for de Barbary Wars of de 18th den 19th centuries. Ottoman rule continue til de Italo-Turkish War, wey result for de Italian occupation of Libya den de establishment of two colonies, Italian Tripolitania den Italian Cyrenaica (1911–1934), later dem unify for de Italian Libya colony insyd from 1934 go 1943.

During de Second World War, na Libya be area of warfare for de North African Campaign insyd. De Italian population then go into decline. Libya cam turn independent as kingdom for 1951 insyd. Bloodless military coup for 1969 insyd, coalition wey Colonel Muammar Gaddafi initiate, ovathrow King Idris I wey he create republic."1969: Bloodless coup in Libya". 1 September 1969. Archived from the original on 20 July 2011. Retrieved 25 October 2018. Na critics often dey describe Gaddafi as dictator, wey na he be one of de world ein longest serving non-royal leaders, wey rule for 42 years.Kafala, Tarik (20 October 2011). "Gaddafi's quixotic and brutal rule". BBC News. Archived from the original on 24 April 2023. He rule til dem ovathrow den kill am during de 2011 Libyan Civil War, wey na ebe part of de wider Arab Spring, plus dem transfer authority give de National Transitional Council then give de General National Congress dem elect. By 2014 two rival authorities claim dem dey govern Libya,"Rival second Libyan assembly chooses own PM as chaos spreads". Reuters. 25 August 2014. Archived from the original on 26 August 2014. Retrieved 25 August 2014.Chris Stephen. "Libyan parliament takes refuge in Greek car ferry". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 4 April 2016. Retrieved 1 April 2016."Peace talks between Libyan factions to take place in Geneva". Sun Herald. 7 August 2015. Retrieved 7 August 2015. wey lead to second civil war, plus dem split parts of Libya between de Tobruk den Tripoli-based governments as well as various tribal den Islamist militias."Libyan government offensive in Benghazi stalls as Islamists dig in". Reuters. 6 August 2015. Archived from the original on 9 August 2015. Retrieved 7 August 2015. De two main warring sides sign permanent ceasefire for 2020 insyd, wey a unity government take authority make e plan give democratic elections, though political rivalries dey continue dey delay dis."Libyan Civil War: Two warring factions sign 'permanent' ceasefire". The Daily Star. 24 October 2020. Archived from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 5 March 2021. 

Libya be developing country wey dey rank 92nd by HDI,"Human Development Report 2023/24" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 13 March 2024. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 March 2024. Retrieved 13 March 2024. de highest score insyd mainland Africa, wey e get de 10th-largest proven oil reserves insyd de world."World proven crude oil reserves by country, 1980–2004". OPEC. Archived from the original on 11 July 2012. Retrieved 5 February 2013. Libya be member of de United Nations, de Non-Aligned Movement, de African Union, de Arab League, de Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) den Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC).

 Politics 
 Administrative divisions 
Historically, na dem consider de area of Libya three provinces (anaa states), Tripolitania insyd de northwest, Barka (Cyrenaica) insyd de east, den Fezzan insyd de southwest. Na ebe de conquest by Italy insyd de Italo-Turkish War wey unite dem insyd a single political unit.

Since 2007, dem divide Libya into 22 districts (Shabiyat):

 Nuqat al Khams
 Zawiya
 Jafara
 Tripoli
 Murqub
 Misrata
 Sirte
 Benghazi
 Marj
 Jabal al Akhdar
 Derna
 Tobruk
 Nalut
 Jabal al Gharbi
 Wadi al Shatii
 Jufra
 Al Wahat
 Ghat
 Wadi al Hayaa
 Sabha
 Murzuq
 Kufra

Insyd 2022, na dem declare 18 provinces by de Libyan Government of National Unity (Libyan Observer): de eastern coast, Jabal Al-Akhdar, Al-Hizam, Benghazi, Al-Wahat, Al-Kufra, Al-Khaleej, Al-Margab, Tripoli, Al-Jafara, Al-Zawiya, West Coast, Gheryan, Zintan, Nalut, Sabha, Al-Wadi, den Murzuq Basin.

 Demographics 

 Largest cities 
[edit | edit source]
Largest cities anaa towns insyd Libya

[1][2][3]RankNameDistrictPop.Tripoli
Benghazi1TripoliTripoli1,250,000Misrata
Beida2BenghaziBenghazi700,0003MisrataMisurata350,0004BeidaJebel el-Akhdar250,0005KhomsMurqub201,0006ZawiyaZawiya200,0007AjdabiyaAl Wahat134,0008SebhaSebha130,0009SirteSirte128,00010TobrukButnan120,000

 References 

 External links 

 Key Development Forecasts for Libya from International Futures

 Government 

 Information Portal – Official Libya Information Portal
 Government – official website of Government of National Unity of Libya
 Statistics and Census – official website of Bureau of Statistics and Census

 History 

 Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress, (1987), "Early History of Libya" Archived 22 September 2012 at archive.today, U.S. Library of Congress.

 Maps 

 Wikimedia Atlas of Libya
 Geographic data related to Libya at OpenStreetMap

Category:Libya
Category:North African countries
Category:Maghrebi countries
Category:Saharan countries
Category:Eastern Mediterranean
Category:Countries den territories wer Arabic be official language
Category:Member states of de African Union
Category:Member states of de Arab League
Category:Member states of OPEC
Category:Member states of de Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
Category:States den territories dem establish insyd 1951
Category:1951 establishments insyd Libya
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Category:1951 establishments insyd Africa
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