Hypertension

Hypertension, dem sanso know as high blood pressure, be a long-term medical condition insyd wich de blood pressure insyd de arteries dey persistently elevate. High blood pressure usually no dey cause symptoms einself. E, however, be a major risk factor for stroke, coronary artery disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, peripheral arterial disease, vision loss, chronic kidney disease, den dementia. Hypertension be a major cause of premature death worldwide.

High blood pressure be classified as primary (essential) hypertension anaa secondary hypertension. About 90–95% of cases be primary, dem define as high blood pressure secof non-specific lifestyle den genetic factors. Lifestyle factors wey dey increase de risk dey include excess salt insyd de diet, excess body weight, smoking, physical inactivity den alcohol use. De remaining 5–10% of cases be categorized as secondary hypertension, dem define as high blood pressure secof a clearly identifiable cause, such as chronic kidney disease, narrowing of de kidney arteries, an endocrine disorder, anaa de use of birth control pills.

Blood pressure be classified by two measurements, de systolic (first number) den diastolic (second number) pressures. For chaw adults, normal blood pressure at rest be within de range of 100–140 millimeters mercury (mmHg) systolic den 60–90 mmHg diastolic. For chaw adults, high blood pressure be present if de resting blood pressure be persistently at anaa above 130/80 anaa 140/90 mmHg. Different numbers apply to kiddies. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring over a 24-hour period dey appear more accurate dan office-based blood pressure measurement.

Lifestyle changes den medications fi lower blood pressure den decrease de risk of health complications. Lifestyle changes dey include weight loss, physical exercise, decreased salt intake, reducing alcohol intake, den a healthy diet. If lifestyle changes no be sufficient, dem dey use blood pressure medications. Up to three medications dem take concurrently fi control blood pressure insyd 90% of people. De treatment of moderately high arterial blood pressure (dem define as >160/100 mmHg) plus medications be associated plus an improved life expectancy. De effect of treatment of blood pressure between 130/80 mmHg den 160/100 mmHg be less clear, plus sam reviews dey find benefit den odas dey find unclear anaa no benefit. High blood pressure dey affect 33% of de population globally. About half of all people plus high blood pressure no know say dem get am. Insyd 2019, na dem believe high blood pressure be a factor insyd 19% of all deaths (10.4 million globally).

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