Addison's disease

Addison's disease, dem sanso know as primary adrenal insufficiency, be a rare long-term endocrine disorder wey be characterized by inadequate production of de steroid hormones cortisol den aldosterone by de two outer layers of de cells of de adrenal glands (adrenal cortex), wey dey cause adrenal insufficiency. Symptoms generally dey develop slowly den insidiously wey fi include abdominal pain den gastrointestinal abnormalities, weakness, den weight loss. Darkening of de skin insyd certain areas sanso fi occur. Under certain circumstances, an adrenal crisis fi occur plus low blood pressure, vomiting, lower back pain, den loss of consciousness. Mood changes sanso fi occur. Rapid onset of symptoms dey indicate acute adrenal failure, wich be a clinical emergency. An adrenal crisis fi be triggered by stress, such as from an injury, surgery, anaa infection.

Addison's disease dey arise wen de adrenal gland no dey produce sufficient amounts of de steroid hormones cortisol den (sam times) aldosterone. E be an autoimmune disease wich dey affect sam genetically predisposed people insyd whom na de body ein own immune system start to target de adrenal glands. Insyd chaw adult cases e be unclear wat na trigger de onset of dis disease, though e sam times dey follow tuberculosis. Causes fi include certain medications, sepsis, den bleeding into both adrenal glands. Addison's disease generally be diagnosed by blood tests, urine tests, den medical imaging.

Treatment dey involve replacing de absent anaa low hormones. Dis dey involve taking a synthetic corticosteroid, such as hydrocortisone anaa fludrocortisone. Dem typically dey take dese medications orally. Lifelong, continuous steroid replacement therapy be required, plus regular follow-up treatment den monitoring for oda health problems wich fi occur. A high-salt diet sanso be useful insyd sam people. If symptoms worsen, an injection of corticosteroid be recommended (people dey hia make dem carry a dose plus dem at all times). Often, large amounts of intravenous fluids plus de sugar dextrose sanso be required. Plus appropriate treatment, de overall outcome generally be favorable, wey chaw people be able to lead a reasonably normal life. Widout treatment, an adrenal crisis fi result in death.

Addison's disease dey affect about 9 to 14 per 100,000 people insyd de developed world. E dey occur most frequently insyd middle-aged females. Dem name de disease after Thomas Addison, a graduate of de University of Edinburgh Medical School, wey first describe de condition insyd 1855.

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Category:Adrenal gland disorders
Category:Endocrine-related cutaneous conditions
Category:Medical emergencies
Category:Diseases dem name after discoverers
Category:Translated from MDWiki