Pseudoephedrine

Pseudoephedrine, dem sell under de brand name Sudafed among odas, be a sympathomimetic medication wich be used as a decongestant to treat nasal congestion. Na dem sanso dey use am off-label give certain oda indications, like treatment of low blood pressure. At higher doses, e fi produce various additional effects wey dey include stimulant, appetite suppressant, den performance-enhancing effects. In relation to dis, na non-medical use of pseudoephedrine be encountered. Dem dey take de medication by mouth.

Side effects of pseudoephedrine dey include insomnia, elevated heart rate, increased blood pressure, restlessness, dizziness, anxiety, den dry mouth, among odas. Rarely, na pseudoephedrine be associated plus serious cardiovascular complications like heart attack den hemorrhagic stroke. Sam people fi be more sensitive to ein cardiovascular effects. Pseudoephedrine dey act as a norepinephrine releasing agent, thereby indirectly dey activate adrenergic receptors. As such, e be an indirectly acting sympathomimetic. Pseudoephedrine significantly dey cross into de brain, buh e get sam peripheral selectivity secof ein hydrophilicity. Chemically, pseudoephedrine be a substituted amphetamine wey e be closely related to ephedrine, phenylpropanolamine, den amphetamine. E be de (1S,2S)-enantiomer of β-hydroxy-N-methylamphetamine.

Along plus ephedrine, pseudoephedrine dey occur naturally insyd ephedra, wich na e be used for thousands of years insyd traditional Chinese medicine. Na e first be isolated from ephedra insyd 1889. Subsequent to ein synthesis insyd de 1920s, na dem introduce pseudoephedrine for medical use as a decongestant. Pseudoephedrine widely be available over-the-counter (OTC) insyd both single-drug den combination preparations. Na availability of pseudoephedrine be restricted starting insyd 2005 as e fi be used to synthesize methamphetamine. Na phenylephrine replace pseudoephedrine insyd chaw over-the-counter oral decongestant products. However, oral phenylephrine dey appear to be ineffective as a decongestant. Insyd 2023, na pseudoephedrine be de 292nd most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 400,000 prescriptions. Insyd 2023, na de combination plus brompheniramine den dextromethorphan be de 281st most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 700,000 prescriptions. Insyd 2023, na de combination plus loratadine be de 300th most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 400,000 prescriptions.

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