Aortic dissection

Aortic dissection (AD) dey occur wen an injury to de innermost layer of de aorta dey allow blood to flow between de layers of de aortic wall, wey dey force de layers apart. Insyd chaw cases, dis be associated plus a sudden onset of agonizing chest anaa back pain, dem often describe as "tearing" insyd character. Vomiting, sweating, den lightheadedness sanso fi occur. Damage to oda organs fi result from de decreased blood supply, such as stroke, lower extremity ischemia, anaa mesenteric ischemia. Aortic dissection quickly fi lead to death from insufficient blood flow to de heart anaa complete rupture of de aorta.

AD be more common insyd those plus a history of high blood pressure; a number of connective tissue diseases wey dey affect blood vessel wall strength wey dey include Marfan syndrome den Ehlers–Danlos syndrome; a bicuspid aortic valve; den previous heart surgery. Major trauma, smoking, cocaine use, pregnancy, a thoracic aortic aneurysm, inflammation of arteries, den abnormal lipid levels sanso be associated plus an increased risk. De diagnosis be suspected based on symptoms plus medical imaging, such as CT scan, MRI, anaa ultrasound dem use to confirm den further evaluate de dissection. De two main types be Stanford type A, wich dey involve de first part of de aorta, den type B, wich no dey do.

Prevention be by blood pressure control den smoking cessation. Management of AD dey depend on de part of de aorta involve. Dissections wey dey involve de first part of de aorta (adjacent to de heart) usually dey require surgery. Dem fi do surgery either by opening de chest anaa from insyd de blood vessel. Dissections wey dey involve de second part of de aorta per typically fi be treated plus medications wey dey lower blood pressure den heart rate, unless der be complications wich then dey require surgical correction. Complications wey dey require surgical correction dey include blood leaking outsyd of de aorta, anaa reduced blood flow to organs secof de dissection wey dey cause a blockage of blood vessels wey dey branch from de aorta.

AD be relatively rare, wey dey occur at an estimated rate of three per 100,000 people per year. E be more common insyd men dan women. De typical age at diagnosis be 63, plus about 10% of cases dey occur before de age of 40. Widout treatment, about half of people plus Stanford type A dissections die within three days den about 10% of people plus Stanford type B dissections die within one month. Na dem describe de first case of AD insyd de examination of King George II of Great Britain dey follow ein death insyd 1760. Na dem introduce surgery give AD insyd de 1950s by Michael E. DeBakey.

 Notable cases 

 Muhammad, founder of Islam.
 Lucille Ball
 Playwright Jonathan Larson
 Actor John Ritter
 Days of Our Lives den Babylon 5 actor Richard Biggs

 References 

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Category:Causes of death
Category:Medical emergencies
Category:Vascular surgery
Category:IgG4-related disease
Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips
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