Australia

Zogantolo soglleant lhan ani loksonkhyechi datti soglleam poros unni axil'lo khondd. Brittix komnoveleantolo ek svotontr dex. Kxetrofoll 76,95,100 chovo. Kimi.Loksonkhea 1,59,12,000 (1986). Udent-ostont vistar 3,859 kimi. Dokxinn-ut'tor vistar sumar 3,170 kimi. Doreadeg 19,664 kimi. Okxourit'ti-i vistar 10O41’ dokxinn te 43O39’dokxinn ani 113O9’ 153O39’ udent. Esttrelia mhollear dokxinneuttenochi bhum-i. Esttrelieche ut'tor dikek timor ani arafura dorea, ixanyek korol dorea, udentek pesifik mohasagor ani ttasman dorea ani dokxinnek ani ostontek hindi mohasagor asa. Dokxinne votten ttasmania zumvoi asa. Ut'tor doreadeger kapentteriachem akhat ani dokxinneutten grett esttreliyon baitt ani spensor akhat asa. Ixany doreadeger grett brepior rif hi provallounnot (coral reef) sumar 2,009 kimi. Chea vattharant patllil'li asa. Dorea poltoddi esttrelieche ut'torek nyu gini, agney dikek nyujhilondd ani vaivyek inddonexia he dex asat. Nyu sauth vels, vhikttoria, sauth esttrelia, kvinsolondd, vesttorn esttrelia ani ttasmania him esttreliantolim rajeam ani nordon tterittori ani esttreliyon kepittol tterittori he kendroxasit prodex asat. Udent nyu ginichea vattharacher esttreliachench proxason cholta. Exmor ani kirtie zumve, krismos, koko, hordd ani mekddonel zumve hancher esttreliachich malki asa. Papua-nyuginik 1975 vorsa svotontrotai mell'lli.

 Bhumyvrnnon
Austtrelia khonddant 3 te 6 obz vorsam poilinchea (kombriyon yuga poilinchea) fatranchi dhal (shield) modlea ani ostont vattharant patll'llea. Kaim zageancher hache fuddlea kallavelea fatranche thor asat. Pormiyon kallant esttrelia khondd porot ekdam dusre fautt himan bhorlo ani taka lagun khonnintolo kollso vhodda promannant toyar zalo, bhangor, tambem,chandi hanchi-i santthounn hanga zaunk pauli.

Kaim xastrogoneanchea motan purvil'lea kallant esttrelia khondd gonddoun bhumyechoch kuddko axil'lo ani dokxinn omerika, bharot ani afrika he ekekodden zoddil'le axil'le. Uprant te ekameka saun veglle zale. Zogantlea her khonddam bhoxen hanga alps porvotam bhoxen dispi ani toxi rochnnuk ani unchai axil'li ekuy dongraull na. Udente koddlean 480 kimi. Lambayechea vattharant mukhel dongra bhum-i asa. Tatunt mauntt kojhisko hea dongrachem temok soglleank unch asa (2,233.5 mi.). Her dongram'modole fokot thoddech 1,830 mi. Poros unchayeche asat. Dongramni vakddim tikddim pottharam asat aऩi nhomyechea zhotak lagun borech dongor modleamodim katorleat. Udentekoddoli dongrachi unchai ut'toreutten 280 mi. Ani dokxinneutten 600 mi. Unch asa. Nyu sauth vels ani udent vhikttoriant ti 600 mi. Te 1,830 mi. Meren unch gelea. Hi ghuspagondollachi dongraull esttreliache udent ani ostont oxe don vantte korta. Hakach lagun tika grett ddivhaidding renz mhonnttat. He dongraullik ‘esttreliyon alps’, ‘nyu inglondd renz’, ‘livhoropul renz’ oxim-i namvam asat.

Udenteuttenocho dongri vatthar ani ostonteuttenocho dhalicho vatthar hanchemodim ek sokoil rund donneabhaxen dispi vatthar asa ani to karpetteriachea akhatasaun ostont vhiktterimeren patll'lla. Ho vatthar zurasik-tisrea yugantlea movo fatramposun toyar zala. Esttrelia khonddacho sumar 7% vatthar 600 mi. Poros unch asa. Khonddachi udent doreadeg khol asa. Brisben ani siddni hea xaranchea fattlea vattharamni doreadegevelim mollam ani rund dori asat. He vatthar esttreliantole pikall vatthar oxe mantat. 18O dokxinn te 33O dokxinn ani 120O udent te 135 Oudent hea vattharant nhomyoch nat. Sauth ani vhikttoria hea rajeantoi nhomyoch nat. Mori ddarling nhoim sumar 11,39,600 chovo. Kimi. Vattharant patll'llea. Punn tichi lambai fokot 4,09,220 kimi. Itlich asa. Hatuntoli ddarling nhoim estteliantoli soglleant chodd lamb (2,732 kimi.) punn ti vorsantole 8 mhoine ,ki asta. Mori nhoim (2,584 kimi.) tin fautt,1830, 1912 ani 1922 vorsa sukil'li. Paru, fittzhoroth, borddikin, flinddrs, svon, barku heo estteliantleo kaim mhotvacheo nhomyo. Nhomyantlean yeradari boreach unnea promannant zata.Vesttorn estteliantolim sogllim tollim mhollear mitthache sopatt vatthar zaun asat. Udentechea dongri vattharant ani mori nhoinche oddekodden borinch lhan lhan tollim asat. Tatontole lek zorz hem soglleant chodd namvajil'lem asa. Eor tollem 144 kimi. Lamb ani 64 kimi. Rund asa. Udkapurounn ani zomin ximpnnaull he hangache don mukhel prosn zaun asa.

Hovaman

esttelia vixuvvrit't ani dokxinn dhruv hanche modim asil'lean hangachem hovaman chodd thedd nazalear chodd gorom' nasta. Ut'toreutton doreadegevelea vattharont tapman 23.90se.(zuloi) saun 29.40se. (zanevari) meren vaddtta, zalear dokxinneutten 100se. Te 130se. Saun 180se. Te 240 se. Meren voir vota. Udentekoddole dongri vatthar ani choddxe ttasmaniache vatthar hanga hovaman zuloi mhoineant 70poros unnem zata. Hangachem xim chodd khor axil'lean vonspotiche vaddicher tacho porinnam' zata. Ut'toreutten brisbenomerenchea dongri vatthrant borf poddtta, punn 600 mi. Poros unne unchayechea vattharamni borf ken'naken'nai poddtta 1500 mi. Poros unchelea vattharamni mat borf soglleutten dista. Dokxinneutten zun-egosttochea mhoineamni sokoilea vattharamnim-i dhukem asta. Estteliachea nourity ani agney vattharamni hovaman bhuymdhyosagorachea hovamana bhoxen asta. Dokxinn vattharantlea vosont ani gimachea ritunchem khaxeleponn mhollear ten'na thoim hovecho dab unno zaun ut'toreuttentlean samkem gorom', surem aऩi borech fautt dhul'lachem vare (nordorliz-hankam brikfrilddor oxem-i mhonnttat). Bhitorlea vattharantlean vhamvpak lagta ani tachea fattofatt doreavelean dokxinneuttentlean yeupi thontt varem (hankam bosttors mhonnttat.) vhamvpak lagta. Estteliache vott'tt bhomyechea fokot 110 vattharant 100 sem'mi. Poros chodd zalear uril'lea vachharamni 500sem'mi. Porsoi unno paus poddtta. Udentechea doreadegevelea vattharamni sogllea ritumni paus poddtta. Soglleant chodd paus keornjh xaralagchea ttuli gamvant ponddil'leachi nond zalea (454.6 sem'mi.). 200dokxinn okxoyourit'tache dokxinneutten ximyant paus poddtta. Bhitorlea vattharamni choddso paus poddna. Ixany vattharank agneyeuttenchean yeupi vareank lagun paus melltta.

Vonspot

estteliachi vonspot vorsuki pausa sarkich soglleutten famfuddoleli asa. Noirity estteliachea dokxinn vattharont, ut'torechea ddarvinolagim ani kepeorkosaun brisben merenchea udent doreadegechea vattharamni gorom' hovamanant vaddpi ranam asat. Noirity vattharant choddxe vhoddle rukh sampddottat. Kitleaxach rukhanchi unchai 60 mi. Poros chodd asa.Ut'toreuttenchea uxnnotayechea vattharant hup ani buneapain rukhanchim ranam asat. Samkea ut'toreuttenchea pausachea ranamni rund pananchim zhaddam mellttat. 50 sem'mi. Ani tachea poros unnea pausachea vattharant nilgirichi ranam asat. Bhitorlea vattharamni zom-i paus unno poddtta, thoim moli, nilgirichim mottvim zhaddam hebhair molga namvachim mottvim babhllichim zhaddam distat.Vallvonttachea vattharant khaxele vonspotiche torekovar prokar asat. Unni kharsann axil'lea vattharamni ture axil'lea tonnacheo zati chodd korun porkyupain gras ani kengras mellttat.Nilgiriche sumar 600 prokar asat. Hatunt mottvea nilgirichea zhopamsaun vhodd unchai axil'lo mauntton ex nilgiri rukh oxeo kitleoxeoch zati asat. Babhllichea zhaddacheo 767 zati sapddottant. Dusrea zhaddancher vaddpi khrismos rukh, bottol ttri, chasmaniatolim khaxeli panam zhoddpim khandeanchi, oxir tonkachea pananchim oxim kitleaxach prokarochim ranam hanga asat.Her rukham'modim baobab, blekvudd, rodd seddar, kochvudd, mepol, ok, okrodd he rukh mukhel asat. Bhumymdhyosagori hovamanachea vattharant thoinche khaxele vonspoti vangdda zara ani kari he ghott lankddache rukh sapddottat. Ranoutti fulambhitor boronia, khrismosobux, ddejhrtt pi, flenor flaur he sarki vonspot asa. Estteliachea sukea vattharamni, ut'tor ani udent vattharantlea pausachea ranani arkiddochi borich vadd zal'li asa. Hanga arkiddanche sumar 470 prokar disun yetat.

Monzat

estteliant vingodd vingodd toranchi menzat asa. Pleddipos ani exiddna he tanteam ghalpi don soston pranni fokot hangach distat. Zomniveleo ani savea udkantleo sumar 240 soston pranneancheo zati (tantleo 119 kodd'ddonnancher jieupi), 20 suknneancheo, 280 sorpottopi pranneancheo, 112 bebkancheo, 180 savea udkantlea nusteacheo, 750 movo katichea pranneancheo ani 40,000 te 50,000 kiddmuyecheo zati hanga asat. Pilankhatir pottakodden poti axil'lo kangaru, toxench khaxelea prokarochem kolsunne, chichundri, mazor, onttittor him zonauram hanga sampddottat. Majrache zatichim kaim zonauram soxeamodim zalear kaim 1.8 mi. Unchayemerenochi asat. Flenzor ho zhaddancheruch rauta, to panam, mhomv ani kiddmui khaun jieta. Vombett he zodd angachem zonaur billant rauta. Pakhe, vagollim ani tonkachea datanchim boreach zatichim zonauram hanga asat. Emu, kesoveri him uddunk xoknaxil'lim sounnim, baurobrdd him khaxele torechem ghor bandpi sounnim, khaxeli xempddi axil'lem ani nokkol korpi lairobrdd sarkim suknnim disun yetat. Honiittor, kir, hamysam, kingfixor, kogull, klevo, flaikechor, pengvin oxim torantoranchim sounnim-i hanga pollounk mellttat. Sorop, xedd'dde, savea udkantole kamsou, mangim hancheo torekovar zati asat. Vikheallea sorpancheo 6-7 zati asat. Te bhair kiddmuyecheoi torantorancheo zati hanga pollounk mellttat. Zogantlea vaitticho aऩi muyancha soglleant adlo prokar estteliant asa. Estteliyon sorkaran koala khatir khasa obhearnneam toyar keleant. Monxan haddun soddil'le soxe ani nivlam hankam lagunoborech prosn uprosleat. Ddingo ho ranoutti kutreabhoxen dispi pranni ghoddye adivasimni sumar atth te dha hozar vorsampoilim haddla astolo.

Itihas

itihasachea samkea pornea kallavixim borich unni khobor melltta. Kaim monxanche ani soston zonauranche ovxex hanga sampoddleat. Melborn hanga mellil'lea monxache kouttevelean hangacho monis estteloidd vonxacho axil'lo oxem tharta. Punn ttasmania hanga axil'le adivasi negritto vonxache asat, oxem kaim zannanchem mot asa. Kaim zannanchea motan negritto ani estteloidd vonxachi bhorsonn hanga dista. Homvrimni chitram kaddpachi kola estteliatlea purvil'lea monxank khobor axil'li.Kaim vollkhunk no yeupi zonauram, monxacheo akriti, kangaru he sarkim chitram fatranchea thoramni pampoddleant. Yopropi-i yeuchea poilim vingodd vingodd bhaxa uloupi kitleoxeoch zomati hanga axil'leo. Choddxe adivasi hegdde axil'le. Xikar ho tancho mukhel pott bhorpacho marg axil'lo. Mullavem ovsthent jioupi hea zomatinim poilim kaim promannant yuropi-i gorea lokamlagim zhuz dilem. Punn gorea lokamnim takam somkea sopeponnan haroilem. Hangachea mull lokanchim gorea monxamaddochim zhuzam halimhalim meren choltalim. Heo zomati soglleoch mull esttreliatleo nhoi. Molaya ani her zumveancher yeupi porkeanchea ghureank lagun thoinchem lok hanga ayil'le asumye. Kaim zannanchea motan hatuntolem dokxinn hindusthanantleanoi ayil'le kaim lok asat.

Ho khondd okravea xenkddeam'meren zogantlea her lokank samkoch onoullokhi axil'lo. Novem bhumyechea sodan bhomvpi kaim kholaxi hea khonddachea lagim pavil'le. Alvharo de medanea (1567), vilyom' zanjh (1605), lluis di ttores (1606) he tantle kainzann. 1642 vorsa, ttasman hea monxan sodil'lea vattharak ‘ttasmania’ hem namv dilem. 1688 vorsa, vilyom' ddempiyor esttreliache ostont doreadeger paulo.

Inglonddoche roil sosoittin keptton kuk hachea fuddaroponnakhala 1768 vorsa hanga ek bhomvddekaracho pongodd dhaddil'lo, ho pongodd nyuzhulondd saun esttreliache udent doreadeger 1770 vorsa paulo. Uprant 1772 ani 1776 hea vorsamni keptton kuk hannem porthun esttreliachi bhomvddi keli. Haka lagun yuropi-i bhomvddekarak urba aili.

Omerikechi vhodd oxi vosahot hatantlean gelea uprant grett brittnak thoimsaun ayil'lea lokankhatir, techbhoxen inglonddantlea guneamvokarank douroche khatir pois oxa eka vattharachi goroz axil'li, ten'na poile vosahoticho gouhornor mhunn 1787 vorsa onnbhovi keptton arthor filip haka nemlo. Tachea vangdda taka 1,000 lok dile. Tantle 736 zann bondkhonnit gel'le guneamvokar ani uril'le odhikari, xipai he axil'le. 26 zanevari 1788 disa to ‘bottni be’ hea zagear paulo. Punn ho vatthar taka manoulo na ani tannem portt jekson (siddni) hanga poile vosahotichi thapnnuk keli, survek on'nak lagun taka inglonddachoch alaxiro gheucho poddlo, tebhair disasodis guneamvokaroi vaddttale. Tannem odhikareank zomni dileo ani honttor nhoinche deger xetoudd suru keli. Duneamvokaram'modlea kaim zannank kam' divn lhou lhou thoinchem bhuyecher tannem sonxodhon chalu kele, punn tachea odhikareankoddlean taka zai toso adar lablo na. 1792 vorsa, tachi bholaiki ibaddoli, taka lagun to inglonddak portolo. Itlem mojgotim thoinchem vosahotichim sutram aplea hatant gheono pornea odhikareamni sogllo vepar, menddhram pospacho ud'deg, soreacho dhondo hacher aplo xek gazoilo aऩi sumar 6,000 hekttor zomin aplebhitor vanttun ghetli. Hancheamodim merino menddhram kolagun girest zal'lo, zon mekarthor ho fuddari axil'lo. Pornea odhikareamni kaidoi aplea hatant ghetil'lo taka lagun bondkhonnitlea ani bondkhonnibhailea guneamvokaranchem hal zatalem. Zon honttor (1795-1800) gouhornor mhunn ailo, punn taka hi poristhiti bodlop zomlena. Tachea uprant pi. Ji. King (1800-1806) gouhornor zalo. Ho khoddegantth monisoi kainch korunk xoklo na. Punn teachvellar mekarthor ani dusro eklo voilea pamvddeavelo adhikari hanchy modim kaim karnnank lagun zhogddim zalim ani mekarthor inglonddak dhaddun dilo. Mekarthor inglonddak yeunaplea odhikaracho rajinamo dilo ani menddhram pospachea dhondeakhatir to porto esttreliant paulo. King haka hea sogllea bhangoddik lagun porto apoilo ani vilyom' blai (1806-1808) haka gournor nemlo. Hea vellar pornea odhikareanchi doddpoxai tengxer pavil'li ani tacho porinnam' eka lhanxa loxkori krantit zalo. Odhikareamni blai haka ottok keli ani sogllim sutram aplea hatant douroli. Leklen mekveri (1809-1821) ho esttreliak gournor mhunn gelo aऩi britton sorkaran pornea odhikareank esttreliant apoun ghetle. Mekveri hannem hangachi poristhiti sudaroli ani guneamvokarank margar haddle. Tache uprant ttomos brisben (1821-1825), ralf ddarling (1825-1830), richrdd burk (1830-1838), zorz gips(1838-1846), he gournor zaun gele. Hea kallant hanga borech bodol ghoddun aile. Guneamvokarank boreoch souloti divn tanchi somjik ani orthik poristhiti sudaroli.1828, vorsa sumar 60,000 hekttor zomin soglleank vanttli. Hea kallant kaim fuddareankoddlean vosahotiche svotontrotayechi magnni mukhar aili. Taka lagun 1842 vorsa brittix parlimenttan ek vidheyk haddun vosahotinchea novea kaidemonddollachea sobhasodanchi sonkhea vaddoili. Tantle 12 zann rannyen nemrache axil'le aऩi 24 zamonk khaxelea orthik pongddamni venchpache axil'le. Hea rajki ghoddnnukam vangdda nyu sauth vels vosahotincho vatthar vaddttalo ani lhou lhou her vattharanchoi sod lagtalo. Lok zagritai ani orthik tharpannak lagun somazant bhanddoulodar, zominodar hea sarke vorg toyar zaunk lagle. Vosahotik svontontr, svait't korpache yotn mekveri hannem kele. Adlea guneamvokaramadd asil'le kaide thodde bhovo bodl'le.Poilinchea guneamvokarank rajki hokk zai axil'le ani heracho taka virodh axil'lo. Benzamin boidd, ddoblyu. Si. Venttourth, mekarthor hannim 1835 vorsa esttreliyon pettriettik ososiexonochi thapnnuk keli ani aplo protinidhi inglonddak dhaddlo. Hea kallant brittix vosahot disanodis hea khonddacher vaddot axil'li.

1850 vorsa nyu sauth velsasaun vhikttoria kuxik poddlo. Nyu sauth velsasaroke her sogllea vosahotink odhikar mell'lle. Vhikttoria, dokxinn esttrelia, ttasmania hamnnim aplim somvidhanam toyar kelim. Heo rajki ghoddnnuko chalu astona esttreliantolem bhomvddekar zomin ani udka margamni nove nove vatthar sodit axil'le. Hatunt somazantlea sogllea thorantole monis axil'le. Gregri bleksoledd, vilyom' loson ani ddoblyu. Si. Venttourth hamnni horeallechea vattharamni ghusun lekson nhoinchea provahaadd vochpache proitn kele ani kaim nhomyanchi mhaiti melloili. Zon ouksoli, euhanjh ani elon koningohem' hamnni ut'toreutten bhomvddi keli, zalear hemiltton hyum' ani vilyon hovel hamnni dokxinneutten bhomvddi korun nhomyanchi khobor melloili (1824). Keptton charlos sttuortt hannem 1828 te 1830 hea vorsamni ostontechi bhomvddi korun nhomyanche mull ani provah hanchevixim choddanochodd mhaiti ghetli. Nyu sauth vels ani nyu holondd ho ekuch ekmekank tekil'lo vatthar asa, ho sod ten'na laglo. Eddourdd eor hannem 1840-41 vorsa modhy esttrelianchea mitthagorancho sod lailo. 1844 ani 1860 vorsa friddrikh laikhartt ani merddoel hamnni zomnivelean esttreliachi charuy dikamni bhomvddi keli ani novea vattharancho sad lagunk paulo.

1850 to, esttreliant bhangor melltta hem somzolem ani haka lagun itihasik ek vegllem moddonn mell'llem. Kannakuch pacharinasotona lok bhitorlea vattharamni vochun raunk lagle vhokttoria vosahotint bhangor sodun ditleank vhodd vhodd tostripo zahir keleo, taka lagun he vosahotint bhangor chodd mellpak modot zali. 1856 vorsa, bhangrak lagun zal'lea orthik voddavangodda rajki mollar lokank prouddh motdanacho odhikar mell'llo ani esttreliant lokxayechi suvat zali.

Somazant toxe khasa vorg axil'le, punn bailank odhikar mellchem khatir ani matso kall rauchem poddlem. 1881 to, vhikttoriant kaidemonddollachi mudot 10 vorsamvelean 6 vorsancher haddli.

Zomniche malke sombondiche kaide zaun xetantlea kamereank chodd kam' mell'llem. Xetvaddicho ud'deg ek mukhel ud'deg korpache nodrentlean yotn suru zale.

Bhangracho sod te songhrajy nirmonni he mojgotim esttreliant kamgar songhttonanchi thapnnuk zali. 1890 chea sompak opes mell'llea uprant kamgarank rajki hokkachi goroz kollun aili. 1901 meren hea kamger songhttonamni protyokxant rajki sot'ta zori melloilina, toripunn aplea songhttonanchea nettar tamnni vingodd vingodd rajki pongddache cheponn haddun aple faide korun ghetle.

Aplea vosahotintlea ud'degodhondeank rakhonn mellchekhatir nyusauth velsokherich her vosahotimni 1860 te 1900 meren zokat (excise) rakhnnechem dharonn ghetlem. Khobraptramni he gozalik boroch tenko dilo. 1864 vorsa vhikttoriyan hem totv apnnailem, zaka lagun nyu sauth velsakodden tache sombond ibaddole. Hache porinnam' dokxinn esttreliacheruy zalo.

Gore soddun her lok hanga yeupavixinchem esttreliachem dhoronn borench gajlam. Chin va her dexantlea unno pogar dheupi kamereank lagun hangachea lokanche jinnecho pamvddodemvotalo ani borench noitik ani somajik prosn uprasotale, hakalagun tancher bondi ghali. Her prosnancher motbhed axil'lea esttreliantlea sogllea vingodd vingodd pongddanche he gozalicher ekmot zalem.

1893 vorsa, esttreliantoli demvpi orthik poristhiti songhrajeache nirmonnekhatir upegi tharli. 1850 ani 1860 to, sogllea vosahotinche ek rajy aschem oxem borech yotn zalem.

Zanevari 1895 to, ek songhrajy aschem, oxem vosahotichea mukheleank disunk laglem. March 1897 to, eddiledd hanga sogllea vosahochinchea protinidhinchi boskam zali. Songhrajeachem somvidhin toyar kortona kaim prosn uprasole. Songhrajeant modhyourti sot'tek kitle odhikar asche, toxench ostont esttrelia sarkea unnea lok sonkhyechea vattharank favo te protinidhi koxem aschem, he sarkea prosnancher vivrsun chorcha zali. Don soptokamni somvidhanachi sadaronn rochnnuk zali. Hea somvidhanak vhikttoria, ttasmania ani dokxinn esttreliachea lokamni bhoumotan manyotai dili. Nyu sauth velsant mat zai toxem bhoumot mellil'lean prosn nirmann zalo. Nyu sauth velsacho mukheli zorz ridd hannem rajeanchea mukheleanchi bhett gheun kaim suttounneo dileo. Tache uprant sudaronnam kel'le somvidhan nyu sauth vilsan many kelem. Brittix somsden hem vidheyk 9 zuloi 1990 disa many kelem. Hea vellar ostont esttreliyonoi songhrajeant yeupak toyari dakhoili ani nimanni 1 zanevari 1901 disa esttreliyon songhrajeachi thapnnuk zali.

Songrajeache thapnnukek lagun raxttr bhauna khor zait geli. Unni loksonkhea ani brittnachi paulapaulak zai poddpi modot hanka lagun porraxttr dhornnant esttreliak kainch korop xoky naxil'lem. Punn orthik mollar tankam sudaronna korunk sond mell'lli. Orthik prosn dexbhor axil'lean kendr sot'techea odhikaranchi xim' vaddoupache yotn zale. Kamgar songhttona ani vauraddeancho pokx (Labour Patry) hanchem mhotv vaddlem. Kamgaram khatir khasa kaidem nirmann zale. Bodlot vochpi porraxttr rajkoronnak lagun rakhnnechi goroz vaddli. Pesifik mohasagorant zormoni khoudoll ghalunk laglo. 1912 vorsa, rakhnne dollinchi brittix pod'dhoticher rochnnuk zali.

Esttreliant 1914 venchnnukanchem vatauronn toyar zal'lem astanach poilem mhazhuz chalu zalem. Venchnnukant udaromotovadi ani vauraddeacho pokx hea mukhel pokxamni brittonchea dhornnak fattboll dilem. Zosef kuk hea udaromotovadi fuddareak venchnnukent har khamvchim poddlim ani onddryu fixor ho vauraddeanchea pokxacho mukheli pontprodhan zalo. 3 egosttak brittonchea zhuzak survat kelea uprant esttreliachem navik doll ijiptak loddai korunk paulem. Fixorchea uprant vilyom' hyuz pontprodhan zalo. Tachea dharnnancher khor ttika zali. Zhuz somptokuch xant'tai porixodek hyuz hajir raulo. Esttreliyon raxttrovadacho tannem prosar kelo. Omerikon raxttropoti vilson hachea adrxovadi vicharancher tannem ttika keli. Zogachea rajkoronnant tannem esttreliak khaselo zago melloun dilo. Zhuzak lagun esttreliak kaim faide zale.Yuropi-i dexanchea sot'tasrtintolean pois axil'lean esttreliacho vepar vaddlo. Lokhnnachea veusayak borem dis aile. Hyuzak 1932 to rajinamo divcho poddlo. Rojrm' brus ani orl pejh hanchem sorkar odhikaracher ailem. Hea montrimonddollantlea borea yeuzonnink lagun esttreliachi udrogot zali. 1928 chea venchnnukant vauraddeanchea pokxak bhoumot mell'llem.1931 vorsa, odhirakacher ayil'lea yunaittedd esttrelia pokxan 1934 chea venchnnukamni har khali, punn konttri pokxavangodda koblak korun 1937 vorsa odhikaracher yeupant yes melloilem.1939 to, ar. Ji. Mejhinjh pontprodhan zalo. 1941 vorsa, zon korttin ho vavaddeanchea pokxacho mukheli pontprodhan zalo. Don mhazhuzam'modolo kall esttreliak boroch trasancho gelo.

Dusrea mhazhuzant esttreliacho vantto mhotvacho asa. Esttreliachem hovai doll modhyudentek gelem. Zanevari te march 1941 merenoche loddayentesttrelian zoitivont kam' kelem.Zormoni ani ittlichea ghureank lagun afrikent loddai korpi esttreliachem soiny eksurem poddlem. Atth mhoinem tem zhujtalem, taka visou gheupachi goroz axil'li. Esttreliacho zonrol blemi hanne toxi magnni keli. Chorchilan ti monar ghetlina. Punn menjhinjh ani tachea her vangddeamni zonor blemik fattboll dilem. Kaim disamni chorche uprant thoinchem loxkor fattim ghetlem. Hea motbhedacho porinnam' esttreliantlea rajkoronnacher zalo. Vauraddeanchea pokxan zopanachea ghureanchi bhirant dakhoun divn somest esttreliyon soineak fattim apoupachi magnni keli.Ekttobor 1941 to donuch mukhel pokx venchun ailem, punn vauraddeachea pokxan herankodden toddzodd kelina. Nimnne, zhuzachea kallakhatir karbhar choloupakhatir eka monddllachi nemnnuk zali,punn hea monddllacho karbhar choloupakhatir eka monddllachi nemnnuk zali, punn hea monddllacho karbhar favo toso zalona.

Korttin odhikaracher ailo ani zopanan ghuri ghali. (7 ddisembor 1941) esttrelian hea sonkxttak borebhoxen zap dili. Zhuzauparont esttreliachea porraxttr dhornnant mhotvacho bodol zalo. Zhuza kallant esttrelia ani omerika ekmekank borench lagim aile. Esttreliantoi samyovadaadd zannvikai borich axil'li. 1951 vorsa, onzhus koblat zali.Esttrelia sitto songhttonechoi protinidhi zalo. 1956 vorsa, suejh prosnacher brittnak tenko divpi kaim raxttram'modim esttreliyai axil'lim. Raxttrokul ani somyukt raxttramvorovim axiantlea dexankodden esttrelian sombond zoddle.

1955 saun vauraddeanchea pokxant futt poddli ani tatuntlea kaim zannamni novo ddemokrettik pokx nirmann kelo. Vauraddeanchea pokxacher samyovadeank tenko dil'leacho arop zalo. Chinak manyotai divpachea prosnavelean he motbhed suru zale. 1955 te 1972 hea kallant esttreliachea sot'temollar borech bodol zale. Holtt, zon, gortton, mekmahon he pontprodhan zale. 1972 vorsa vauraddeanchea pokxacho fuddari gof vhittlem' vinttun yeun pontprodhan zalo. Epril 1974 to, mhoineant vhittlem' hannem somsod borkhast keli. Punn tacho vauraddeanchea pokxak kosloch faido zalo na. 1977 to ddonaldd pip hachea fuddaroponnakhala ddemokrettik pokxachem sorkar ailem, punn vauraddeanchea hokxan lhou lhou apli xokt vaddoili. 1983 vorsa, tanchem sorkar ailem ani robrtt je. Hok raxttropoti zalo.

 Polleiat 

Australia

 Chitr Prodorxonn 

 Sondorbh 

वर्ग:Sonvsarachim Raxttram
वर्ग:Romi panam