Puso

Puso térã pundie peteha ahyꞌopyꞌapegua haꞌe peteĩ ñeꞌẽpu pundiegua ojeporúva heta ñeꞌẽngue oñeñeꞌẽvape, ojejapóva ohapejokóvo arapytu osyryha ñeꞌẽsẽ rapé​pe térã, jaꞌe porãsérõ, ahyꞌopyꞌá​pe. Ñeꞌẽpuandu Raity Hetatetãmegua (ÑRH) ohechauka pe taipu ⟨ʔ⟩ reheve.

Arapytu osyry rupi ahyꞌopyꞌápe, jeryrýi ahyꞌopyꞌapegua ojoko térã oiko hekopeꞌỹramo osẽvo kanguy ha oguejývo sapyꞌa imbarete.
 Jehai rape 
derecha|miniaturadeimagen|206x206px|Tape rechaukaha British Columbia​pe ojeporúva papapy ⟨7⟩ ojehechauka hag̃ua Squamish ñeꞌeme.
Heta ñeꞌẽ – araveñeꞌẽ​icha – tekoymaguare () morromaraitý​pe, puso ojembohaity apóhtrofo ⟨ʼ⟩ térã techaukaha ⟨ʾ⟩ reheve, haꞌéva ÑRH rai ⟨ʔ⟩ ypykue. Heta Polinésia ñeꞌẽ​me oiporúva Rróma raity, jepémo, puso ojehai peteĩ apóhtrofo ojeréva reheve, ⟨ʻ⟩ (ojeheróvaʻokina havaiñeꞌẽ ha samoañeꞌẽ​me), ojeporúva jepi avei oñembohasa hag̃ua araveñeꞌẽ ayin (avei ⟨ʽ⟩) ha haꞌe tai ypykue ÑRH-pegua pundie pytuhẽha farĩhepegua oñeꞌẽsẽva ⟨ʕ⟩-pe g̃uarã. Malajoñeꞌẽ​me puso ojehechauka tai ⟨k⟩ rupive (ñeꞌẽpy pahápe), vyro ñeꞌẽ ha maltañeꞌẽ​me ⟨q⟩ rupive. Ambue tape ojehai hag̃ua puso haꞌe saltillo ⟨Ꞌ ꞌ⟩ (majúhkula ha minúhkula), ojeporúva ñeꞌẽme haꞌévaicha tlapanec ñeꞌẽ ha Rapa Nui ñeꞌẽ.

Ambue taitýpe oreko avei tai ojeporúva ombohechauka hag̃ua puso, techapyrã evréo rai aleph ⟨א⟩ ha Sirílo raity rai palochka ⟨Ӏ⟩, ojeporúva heta Káukaso ñeꞌẽnguéra​pe. Arávia raity oiporu hamza ⟨ء⟩, ikatúva ou mokõive asénto​icha ha tai isãsóvaicha (jepe achegety reheguaꞌỹva). Túndra nénety ñeꞌẽ​me, ombohechauka chupe taikuéra apóhtrofo ⟨ʼ⟩ ha apóhtrofokõi ⟨ˮ⟩. Hapoñeꞌẽ​me, puso oiko myangekói ha pochy ñeꞌẽndyi​kuéra pahaitépe ha oñembohechauka tai ⟨っ⟩ reheve.

Hetave Filipíno ñeꞌẽnguéra jehechaukarã taitypeguá​pe, puso ndorekói mbohaity rape () ojoajúva. Hakatu hetavépe peteĩ ñeꞌẽty oñepyrũva puꞌae rai reheve (techapyrã tagaloñeꞌẽ , "jagua") oñembohéra meme peteĩ puso noñemohechaukáiva reheve upe puꞌae mboyve (alemaniañeꞌẽ koꞌãgagua ha hausañeꞌẽ​meguáicha). Oĩ jehaikaturã oipurúva guión, apóhtroofo ojeréva rangue, puso ojehúramo ñeꞌe mbytépe (techapyrã,  tagaloñeꞌẽ , "mborayhu"; térã visajañeꞌẽ , "pyhare"). Oikóramo peteĩ ñeꞌẽpy pahaitépe, puꞌae paha ikatu ojehai acento circunflejo reheve (ojekuaáva pakupyâ ramo) mokõivéva puatã ha puso oúramo puꞌae pahaitépe (techapyrã, basâ, "heꞌõ") térã peteĩ acento grave (ojekuaáva paiwà ramo) puso oúramo puꞌae pahaitépe, hakatu puatã ojehu paha mboyveguápe (techapyrã, batà, "mitã"). 

Oĩva Kanada ypyháicha ñeꞌẽnguérape, koꞌýte oĩva salishan ñeꞌẽnguéra, oipyhýva IPA tai ⟨ʔ⟩ ijehaikaturã​me. Oĩ umíva apytépe ojehúva majúhkula ha minúhkula, ⟨Ɂ⟩ ha ⟨ɂ⟩.  Papapy ⟨7⟩ térã peteĩ porandu rechaukaha sapyꞌánte oñemyengovia ⟨ʔ⟩ rehe, ha ojeiporavove ñeꞌẽme haꞌeháicha squamish ñeꞌẽ. SENĆOŦEN rehegua – hiꞌachegety hetavehápe ijojahaꞌỹva ambue salish ñeꞌẽnguéra​gui – ombohováivo oipuru kóma ⟨,⟩ ohechauka hagua puso, jepémo ipyhypyrã.

Ary 2015, mokõi kuña Kanada Yvyrupa Yvatekuarahyreiké​pe ombohovái yvyrupa sãmbyhyhápe ndohejáigui chupekuéra oipuru tai ⟨ʔ⟩ imembykuña rérape: Sahaiʔa, téra chipewyan ñeꞌẽ​me, ha Sakaeʔah, téra slavey ñeꞌẽ​me (mokõi téra añetehápe ijypy ojoajúva). Yvyvore rembiguái omosus‍ũ Kuatiatãꞌi Jekuaaukaha yvyvorepegua ha tetãmeguakuéra ndaikatuiha ohechauka pe tai. Mokõi kuña oheramoĩ chupekuéra taiky ⟨-⟩ reheve ⟨ʔ⟩ rangue, omboguata aja ombohovaiha pe jokuairape. 

Puso jeporu haꞌe peteĩ mbaꞌe ojehechakuaáva Ehkósia gael ñeꞌẽ Ñemby Yvyrusu Argyll dialeytokuérape. Umichagua dialéytope, gael ñeꞌẽ estándar ñeꞌẽjoaju "" ("Che añeꞌẽ gael ñeꞌẽ"), oñembohasáta "".

Gána Nawdm ñeꞌẽ​me, puso ojehai ɦ, majúhkula Ĥ .

 Avañeꞌẽme 
Avañeꞌẽme oĩ pusoNatalia Krivoshein de Canese. Gramática de la lengua guaraní. Asunción: Colección Ñemity, 1994, p. 23-28. Ojehecha https://www.staff.uni-mainz.de/lustig/guarani/ortografia/ortografia.html​-pe, 20 jasypoapy 2025., hetavépe peteĩ ñeꞌẽky (morfema) ryepýpe.

Saltillo ⟨Ꞌ ꞌ⟩ haꞌe tape hekopetevéva ohai hag̃ua pusoAlfabeto Guaraní – Nomenclatura Gramatical. https://www.scribd.com/document/502780757/2-Alfabeto-guarani-nomenclatura-gramatical-pptx. Oñeporandu 20 jasypoapy 2025.. Jepémo, iporeꞌỹgui avañeꞌẽ rairendaty koꞌãgaguakuérape, hetavépe ojeporu ⟨'⟩, ⟨’⟩, ⟨ʼ⟩, ⟨ʻ⟩ hambaꞌe.

 Ambue ñeꞌẽnguérape jejuhu 
Ogykehai oĩva iguýpe ohechauka mbaꞌeichaitépa ojejuhu puso ryapu yvorapegua ñeꞌe oñeñeꞌeva apytépe:
Ñeꞌẽaty(ꞌi)ÑeꞌẽngueÑeꞌẽpyÑRHHeꞌiseJesarekoKáukaso YvatekuarahyreikeAbkhaz ñeꞌẽ/ai[ʔaj]ꞌnahániriꞌKáukaso Yvatekuarahyreike Adigeñeꞌẽ/ꞌė[ʔa]ꞌjyva/poꞌSemítaAraveñeꞌẽKoꞌãgagua estándar/ʾaḡānī[ʔaˈɣaːniː]ꞌpuraheikuéraꞌEhecha Hamza.Levantepegua ha Ehitopegua/šaꞌꞌa[ˈʃæʔʔæ]ꞌapartmentꞌCorresponds to /q/ or /g/ in other dialects. See Levantine Arabic phonology and Egyptian Arabic phonologyFasi ha Tlemce-pegua/ꞌāl[ˈʔaːl]ꞌhe saidꞌCorresponds to /q/ or /g/ in other dialects.KirantiBantawa[t͡saʔwa]ꞌdrinking waterꞌBikolVikolñeꞌẽ[ˈbaːʔɡo]ꞌnewꞌAlgonquianBlackfoot / saꞌáí[saʔɛ́]ꞌduckꞌSlavicVulgariañeꞌẽ/ŭ-ŭ[ˈʔɤʔɤ]ꞌnopeꞌSino-TibetanBurmese/mrac mya:[mjiʔ mjá]ꞌriversꞌPhilippineSevuñeꞌẽ[ˈgatuʔo]ꞌbelieveꞌMalajopolinésiaChamorroñeꞌẽ[həluʔu]ꞌsharkꞌSiniticChinañeꞌẽCantonese/[ʔɔːi˧]ꞌloveꞌSee Cantonese phonology.Wu/[ʔiɪʔ.tɕiɪʔ.ʔləʔ]ꞌsuperbꞌHokkien/[hɐʔ˥]ꞌto suitꞌPolynesianCook Islands Māori[taʔi]ꞌoneꞌSlavicChekoñeꞌẽ[poʔuʒiːvat]ꞌto useꞌSee Czech phonology.CushiticDahalo[maʔa]ꞌwaterꞌsee Dahalo phonologyGermanicDinamarkañeꞌẽ[ˈhʌ̹nʔ]ꞌhandꞌOne of the possible realizations of stød. Depending on the dialect and style of speech, it can be instead realized as laryngealisation of the preceding sound. See Danish phonology.GermanicOlandañeꞌẽ[bəʔˈaːmə(n)]ꞌto confirmꞌSee Dutch phonology.GermanicIngreñeꞌẽMultiple dialects[ʔaɪ ʔæm] (emphatic "am")) or [ʔaɪ æm]ꞌIꞌGlottal stop before initial vowel at the start of a phrase. Elsewhere, optionally, to emphasize a word or separate it from the previous one.RP[ˈɐʔəʊ]ꞌuh-ohꞌAmerican[ˈʌʔoʊ]ⓘAustralian[kʰæʔ(t)]ꞌcatꞌAllophone of /t/, /k/ or /p/. See glottalization, English phonology, and definite article reduction.GAEstuary[kʰæʔ]Cockney[kʰɛ̝ʔ]Scottish[kʰäʔ]Some Northern England[ʔ]ꞌtheꞌGeordieꞌthank youꞌGeordieꞌpeopleꞌRP and GAbu​tt​on[ˈbɐʔn̩]ⓘꞌbuttonꞌGermanicAlemaniañeꞌẽNorthern[bəˈʔamtɐ]ꞌcivil servantꞌGenerally all vowel onsets. See Standard German phonology.HmongicHmong ñeꞌẽ  / [ʔo˦]'two (2)'TupiAvañeꞌẽ'avañeꞌẽ'[ãʋ̃ãɲẽˈʔẽ]'avañeꞌẽ'Puꞌaekuéra apytépe añónte.PolynesianHavaiñeꞌẽ[ˈʔɛlɛˈʔɛlɛ]'black'See Hawaiian phonology.SemiticEvreoñeꞌẽ/maꞌamar[maʔămaʁ]'article'Often elided in casual speech. See Modern Hebrew phonology.GermanicIhlandiañeꞌẽ[ʔɛn]ꞌbutꞌOnly used according to emphasis, never occurring in minimal pairs.Malayo-PolynesianIlokoñeꞌẽ[nalabˈʔaj]ꞌbland tastingꞌHyphen when occurring within the word.Malayo-PolynesianIndonesiañeꞌẽ[ˌbäʔˈso]ꞌmeatballꞌAllophone of /k/ or /ɡ/ in the syllable coda.Northeast-CaucasianIngush ñeꞌẽ / [qoʔ]ꞌthreeꞌHapõichaHapõñeꞌẽKagoshima/kuQ/[kuʔ]ꞌneckꞌMalayo-PolynesianJava ñeꞌẽ[änäʔ]ꞌchildꞌAllophone of /k/ in morpheme-final position.AslianJedek ñeꞌẽ[wɛ̃ʔ]ꞌleft sideꞌNorthwest-CaucasianKavardiañeꞌẽ/ꞌė[ʔa]ꞌarm/handꞌManoboKagayanen[saˈʔaɡ]ꞌfloorꞌKhasi-PalaungicKhasi ñeꞌẽ[lʔɔːʔ]ꞌcloudꞌMon-KhmerKhmer / sâmqat[sɑmʔɑːt]ꞌto cleanꞌSee Khmer phonologyKoreanicKoreañeꞌẽ/il[ʔil]ꞌoneꞌIn free variation with no glottal stop. Occurs only in initial position of a word.Malayo-PolynesianMalajoñeꞌẽStandard[ˈtidäʔ]ꞌnoꞌAllophone of final /k/ in the syllable coda, pronounced before consonants and at end of the a word. In other positions, /ʔ/ has phonemic status only in loanwords from Arabic. See Malay phonologyKelantan-Pattani[ˌiˈkaʔ]ꞌto tieꞌAllophone of final /p, t, k/ in the syllable coda. Pronounced before consonants and at the end of a word.TerengganuMalayo-PolynesianMakasarñeꞌẽ[ˌt̪ʰaʔˈɗɔʔɗɔʔ]ꞌbe exhaustedꞌWritten as takdokdok, taddoddok, taʼdoddoʼ, taqdoqdoq or taddoddoʼ in other orthography.SemiticMaltañeꞌẽ[ˈʔattus]ꞌcatꞌPolynesianMaoriñeꞌẽTaranaki, Whanganui[waʔinɛ]ꞌwomanꞌMalayo-PolynesianMinãkavauñeꞌẽ[wäʔäŋ]ꞌyouꞌSometimes written without an apostrophe.Yok-UtianMutsun[tawkaʔli]ꞌblack gooseberryꞌRibes divaricatumKartvelianMingrelian/?oropha[ʔɔrɔpʰɑ]ꞌmborayhuꞌUtoahtékaNahuatl ñeꞌẽ[taʔtɬi]ⓘꞌtúvaꞌOften left unwritten.Plateau-PenutianNez Perce[ˈjaːkaʔ]ꞌblack bearꞌTupiÑeꞌẽngatu[aˈʔi]ꞌslothꞌTranscription (or absence thereof) varies.AlgonquianOjibwe/[ˌmʌzɪˌnʌʔɪˈɡʌn]ꞌa book; a letter; a document; a paperꞌMerges with /h/ in some dialects. See Ojibwe phonology.RyukyuanOkinaguañeꞌẽ /utu[ʔutu]ꞌsoundꞌIndo-IranianPersiañeꞌẽ/maꞌni[maʔni]ꞌmeaningꞌSee Persian phonology.SlavicPoloniañeꞌẽera[ʔɛra]ꞌeraꞌMost often occurs as an anlaut of an initial vowel (Ala ‒> [Ɂala]). See Polish phonology#Glottal stop.MuraPirahãñeꞌẽ [ˈmàí̯ʔì]ꞌparentꞌRomancePortugalñeꞌẽVernacular Brazilian[ˌʔe̞ˈʔeː]ꞌyeah rightꞌMarginal sound. Does not occur after or before a consonant. In Brazilian casual speech, there is at least one [ʔ]–vowel length–pitch accent minimal pair (triply unusual, the ideophones short  vs. long ). See Portuguese phonology.Some speakers[ˈa ˈʔawlɐ]ꞌto the classꞌOceanicRotuman[ʔusu]ꞌto boxꞌEhlávoRrusiañeꞌẽне-а / ne-a[ˈnʲeʔə]ꞌnopeꞌPolynesianSamoan[maʔi]ꞌsickness/illnessꞌRomanceSardiniañeꞌẽSome dialects of Barbagia[ˈuːnu paʔu]ꞌa littleꞌIntervocalic allophone of /n, k, l/.Some dialects of Sarrabus[sa ʔuʔa]ꞌthe moonꞌSlavicSerbo-Croatian[iː ʔô̞n̪d̪a̠]ꞌand thenꞌOptionally inserted between vowels across word boundaries. See Serbo-Croatian phonologyIsolateSeri[ʔɛ]ꞌIꞌCushiticSomaliñeꞌẽ[baʔ]ꞌcalamityꞌthough /ʔ/ occurs before all vowels, it is only written medially and finally. See Somali phonologyRomanceEhpañañeꞌẽNikaraguapegua[ˈma ˈʔal̻t̻o̞]'yvateve'Marginal sound or allophone of /s/ between vowels in different words. Does not occur after or before a consonant. See Spanish phonology.Jukatãmegua[ˈkwatɾo̞ ˈʔãɲo̞s]'irundy ary'SalishanSquamishSḵwx̱wú7mesh sníchim[sqʷχʷoʔməʃ snit͡ʃim]ꞌSquamish languageꞌPhilippineTagaloñeꞌẽ[ʔɐʔɐˈʔaʔ]ꞌto pooꞌ (fut.)See Tagalog phonology.PolynesianTahitian[puaʔa]ꞌpigꞌTai-KadaiTaiñe'ẽ/ꞌā[ʔaː]ꞌuncle/auntꞌ (fatherꞌs younger sibling)PolynesianTongan[tuʔu]ꞌstandꞌSamoyedicTundra Nenets/vyꞌ[wɨʔ]ꞌtundraꞌVieticViehnañeꞌẽ[ʔɔj˧]ꞌsultryꞌIn free variation with no glottal stop. See Vietnamese phonology.FinnicVyroñeꞌẽ[ˈpinʲiʔ]ꞌdogsꞌ"q" is Võro plural marker (maa, kala, "land", "fish"; maaq, kalaq, "lands", "fishes").IsolateWagiman ñeꞌẽ[t̠ʲʌmʔ]ꞌto eatꞌ (perf.)OmoticWelayta ñeꞌẽ7írTi[ʔirʈa]ꞌwetꞌPolynesianWallis ñeꞌẽ[maʔuli]ꞌlifeꞌ

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