Aos Sí

I Miotaseolaíocht na nGael (idir Éirinn agus Albain), cine osnádúrtha ab ea an t-Aos Sí (Sean-Ghaeilge: Áes Sídesíd, síth II ar eDIL).


Deirtear go mbíonn cónaí ar an Aos Sí bíodh faoi thalamh, nó trasna na mara thiar, nó i ndomhan dofheicthe a chómhaireann le domhan an chine dhaonna, mar a insítear i Leabhar Gabhála na hÉireann. As Nua-Ghaeilge, glaotar daoine na síthe orthu.James MacKillop, A Dictionary of Celtic Mythology (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998), s.v. daoine sídhe. Deirtear anseo is ansiúd gur sinsir, spioraid an nádúir, nó déithe iad.Evans Wentz, W. Y. (1966, 1990) The Fairy-Faith in Celtic Countries. Gerrards Cross, Colin Smythe Humanities Press 

Feictear i roinnt foinsí tánaisteacha agus treasacha Béarla, údair cáiliúla agus tábhachtacha amhail W. B. Yeats san áireamh, go luaitear an t-aos sí go simplí mar "the sídhe".

Béaloideas agus Creideamh Sí
I roinnt scéalta de chuid na nGael, is ainm liteartha na dTuath Dé Danann é an Aos Sí, sinsir dhiagaithe na nGael. Mar chuid de choinníollacha Chlann Mhíle, thoiligh Tuatha Dé cúlú faoi thalamh. I leaganacha níos déanaí, bhí a sí féin ag gach treabh na dTuath Dé. Deirtear gur sár-álainn iad, cé go bhféadann siad bheith gránna agus míofar.

Tá nasc idir an aos sí agus amanna áirithe na bliana. Sa chaoi go gcreidtear go mbíonn Tír na nÓg níos giorra don domhan daonna le titim na hoíche agus éirí na gréine, is níos éascaí é dá réir buaileadh leis an aos sí. Tá roinnt féilte ann gaolta leo Samhain, Bealtaine agus Féile Eoin (Lár an  tSamhraidh) san áireamh.


Cleachtar an Creideamh Sí ag iad a bhfuil fonn orthu dea-chaidreamh a choinneáil leis an aos sí agus gan iad a mhaslú. Trí ré na Críostaíochta go dtí an lá inniu, caomhnaítear in Éirinn, Albain agus i measc an diaspóra, nós táirgthe bainne agus bia traidisiúnta — amhail is bia bruithe, úlla nó sméara — don aos.  

Creidtear go gcosnaíonn an t-Aos sí go fíochmhar a n-áitribh — cé acu sí, fáinne sí, crann ar leith (go minic sceach gheal), nó loch nó coill áirithe. Dá saorófaí a mbailte, chuirfidís an ruaig ar na daoine nó rudaí úd.  Déantar dá bharr iarrachtaí áiteanna beannaithe an aosa a chosaint ó thoghail déanta bóithre nó tithe. Tá scéalta den saghas sin mar bhunús de mhiotas na n-iarlaisí i mbéaloideas iarthar na hEorpa, .i. go ndéanann an t-Aos Sí fuadach ar leanbh le fonn díoltais.

De ghnáth, ní ainmnítear go díreach iad go fiú, ach glaoitear "na Daoine Maithe" orthu mar shofhriotal. Go deimhin, deirtí orthaí cosantacha scaití nuair a bhíodh daoine ag comhrá faoi na Daoine Maithe, ar eagla go dtiocfadh corraí orthu. Seo a leanas ceann a cloiseadh dé Máirt éigin fadó i mBéal Átha Chomhraic:

 "Iniuf Dé Máirt. Is maith a' chórsa dhúinn iad! Is maith a chórsa dhófa sinn.
 Glacamuid le n-a gar agus le n-a gcoimirc. Nár théighidh éinne a bhaineas dúinn achoíche ar an imirc!"

Na síthe
Is ionann na síthe agus na tuamanna a fheictear fós ar fud fad na tíre, ina mbíodh, de réir sna seantéacsanna, "na rí-thithe, cúirteanna, árais" de neacha an alltair a bhíodh ina gcónaí ann.O'Curry, E., Lectures on Manuscript Materials, Baile Átha Cliath 1861, lch. 504, luaite ag Evans-Wentz 1966, lch. 291 I roinnt téacsanna níos deireanaí as Béarla, ámh, úsáidtear go míchruinn an focal sídhe le haghaidh na ndaoine agus na tuamanna araon.

Ós rud é go bhfuarthas reiligí i mórán dó na síthe, creidtear gur lonnaitheoirí réamhCheilteacha na hÉireann iad an t-aos sí. De réir eile, tá tionchar chultúr na Gréige le fáil ann, go háirithe dar leo Oibreacha agus Laethe le Hesiod (a léirítear bunús moráltachta agus modhanna talmhaíochta na Gréige, agus a dhéanann cur síos ar na cine daonna cruthaithe ag na déithe). Moltar ámh gur neamhdhóchúil iad na smaointe seo, agus gur féidir an tionchar úd a thuiscint de bharr bhunús coiteann [[Prótai-Ind-Eorpach| an dá chultúir.

Cineáil
 Is ionann bean sí anois agus bean ar bith osnádúrtha na hÉireann, agus a caoineadh ag tuar báis.
 Feictear an bean ní le baill fhuilteach éadaigh nó cathéide an té atá ar tí bád d'fháil.
 Feictear anois is arís an sluagh sí sa spéir ag eitilt, b'fhéidir na mairbh mallaithe, olca, corracha. B'fhéidir gur cineál dá leithéid iad na siabhra, tugtha d'olc agus rógaireacht.MacKillop, James (2004) Dictionary of Celtic MythologyJoyce, P.W. A Social History of Ancient Ireland, Iml. 1, lch. 271 Tá amhrán tíre na nUltach ann áfach ina bhfaightear "sheevra" le brí ach "sióg"."The Gartan Mother's Lullaby" foilsithe 1904 i The Songs of Uladh, liricí le Seosamh Mac Cathmhaoil

Faightear cineáil eile mar a leanas:

 Ábarta 
 Ábartach
 Ellén Trechend
 Leannán Sí
 Leipreachán
Ollphéist
 Púca
 Síofra

Féach freisin
Tuatha Dé Danann
 Fir Bholg
Sióg
 Alltar

Foinsí
Príomhfhoinsí
 Leabhar Gabhála na hÉireann, mar shampla sa Leabhar Laighneach
 Annála na gCeithre Máistrí
 Leabhar Bhaile an Mhóta
 Leabhar na hUidhre
 Leabhar Buí Leacáin
 Leabhar Mór Leacáin

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Tagairtí

Category:Aos Sí
Catagóir:An t-osnádúr
Catagóir:Miotaseolaíocht na nGael
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Catagóir:Béaloideas
Catagóir:Béaloideas na hÉireann
Catagóir:Creideamh
Catagóir:Creideamh in Éirinn
Catagóir:Reiligiúin Paindiacha