IPA don Ghaeilge

Taispeánann na cairteanna thíos Aibítir Idirnáisiúnta Foghraíochta (AIF) fuaimnithe na  Gaeilge in ailt ar an Vicipéid. Féach fóineolaíocht na Gaeilge le tuilleadh plé ar an bhfóineolaíocht a fheiceáil.

 Consain leathanIrish makes contrasts between velarized ("broad") and palatalized ("slender") consonants. Velarized consonants, denoted in the IPA by a superscript ‹›, are pronounced with the back of the tongue raised toward the velum, which happens to the  in English pill in some accents, like RP and General American, but not in Hiberno-English. In Irish orthography, broad consonants are surrounded by the letters ‹a›, ‹o›, ‹u›. Note that the superscript character ‹› is not a capital "Y" but a Greek lowercase gamma, ‹γ›. caol"Slender" (palatalized) consonants, denoted in the IPA by a superscript ‹›, are pronounced with the body of the tongue raised toward the hard palate, in a manner similar to the articulation of the ‹y› sound in yes. In Irish orthography, slender consonants are surrounded by the letters ‹e›, ‹i›.Neasleaganacha sa Bhéarla IPA Sampla IPA Sampla  bain, scuab  béal, cnáib boot; beautiful  dorn, nead  dearg, cuid do (but dental), though in Hiberno-English; dew  fós, grafpholl  fíon, stuifphríosún fool; fuel  gasúr, bog  geata, carraig goose; argue  dhornghasúr  dhearggheata (no equivalent); yellow  is neither broad nor slender. Shasana, sheanthaisce, theangahata, na héisc hand  cáis, mac  ceist, mic coot; cute }}Few if any modern dialects of Irish distinguish all four types of "l" sound. Most dialects have merged  and  as , and some have also merged  and  as . Still others have merged  and  as . labhair, balla  leabhair, goilleadh filth; million  fhlaith, bealach  fhleasc, goile pool; leaf  mór, am  milis, im moot; mute Few if any modern dialects of Irish distinguish all four types of "n" sound. Most dialects have merged  and  as , and some have also merged  and  as . Still others have merged  and  as . In parts of Munster,  has merged with  in non-initial position. naoi, donna  ní, bainne tenth; inch  dona  bainis noon; new  ngasúr  ngeata lasagna  poll, stop  príosún, truip poor; pure  rí, cuairt, barr, cairr  fhréamh, tirim rule (but tapped); real (but tapped)  Sasana, tús, speal  sean, cáis soon; sheet  taisce, ceart  tír, beirt tool (but dental), thorn in Hiberno-English; tune Also  in some positions in some dialects. bhain, dubhmhór, léamhvóta  bhéal, sibhmhilis, nimhveidhlín have or wallow; view  cháis, taoiseach  cheist, deich loch (Scottish English); hue (pronounced strongly)
Gutaí IPA Samplaí Neasleagan sa Bhéarla  mac up  tá father  ceist best  mé, Gael air  ith, duine kit  mín mean  olc, deoch cloth  bó, ceol roll  dubh, fliuch good  tú too  solas, milis sofa All Irish diphthongs have falling sonority; they could therefore more precisely be transliterated as . bia idea  fuar truer  saghas light (pronounced lazily)  leabhar boat
 Suprasegmentals IPA  Explanation  Primary stress (placed before the stressed syllable); usually the first syllable except in Munster Secondary stress (usually found only in compounds)

Comparison to other phonetic transcription schemes
Materials published elsewhere use somewhat different conventions from those used at Wikipedia. Mar shampla, it is a longstanding tradition to leave velarized ("broad") consonants unmarked and mark palatalized ("slender") consonants leis an phrím,  cé nach gnáthúsáid IPA é seo .

This section compares the IPA system used at Wikipedia (which is based on that used by Ailbhe Ní Chasaide in her description of Irish in the Handbook of the International Phonetic Association, ISBN 0-521-63751-1) with the system used in some other works.

 IPA Ní Chasaide (1999)(Gaoth Dobhair) Quiggin (1906)(Na Gleannta) Breatnach (1947)(Rinn) Ó Sé (2000)(Corca Dhuimhne) Mhac an Fhailigh (1968)(Iorras) Ó Siadhail (1988)(Cois Fharraige) Foclóir Póca (1993)(Lárchanúint)  a æ, α a a a æ:, a: a  æ α: a: ɑː a: ɑ: a:  bˠ b b b b b b  bʲ b′ b′ b′ b′ b′ b′  c k′ k′ k′ k′ k′ k′  ç ç ç x′ ç x′ x′  d̪ˠ d d d d d d  d̠ʲ d′ d′ d′ d′ d′ d′  e e: e: eː e: e: e:  ɛ ɛ, e e e e e e  ə ə ə ə, ɪ ə ə ə  — αi əi ai əi ai ai  au αu əu ou əu au au  fˠ f f f f f f  fʲ f′ f′ f′ f′ f′ f′  ɡ g g ɡ g g g  ɣ ℊ γ ɣ ɣ ɣ γ  h h h, h′ h h h h  i i: i: iː i: i: i:  ɪ ï, i, y i i i i i  ia iə iə iːə iə i:ə iə  j j j ɣ′ j ɣ′ γ′  ɟ g′ g′ ɡ′ g′ g′ g′  k k k k k k k  l̪ˠ L l l L L l  l l  l̠ʲ L′ l′ l′ L′ L′ l′  l l′ l′ l′  mˠ m m m m m m  mʲ m′ m′ m′ m′ m′ m′  n̪ˠ N n n N N n  n n n  n̠ʲ N′ n′ n′ N′ N′ n′  n′ n′ n′  ɲ ɲ ŋ′ ŋ′ ŋ′ ŋ′ ŋ′  ŋ ŋ ŋ ŋ ŋ ŋ ŋ  o o:, ɔ: o: oː o: o: o:  ʌ ɔ, o̤ o o o o o  pˠ p p p p p p  pʲ p′ p′ p′ p′ p′ p′  ɾˠ r, R r r r r r  ɾʲ r′ r′ r′ r′ r′ r′  sˠ s s s s s s  ɕ ʃ ʃ ʃ ʃ s′ s′  t̪ˠ t t t t t t  t̠ʲ t′ t′ t′ t′ t′ t′  u u: u: uː u: u: u:  ɤ U u u u u u  ua uə uə uːə uə u:ə uə  vʲ v v′ v′ v′ w′ v′  w w v v w w v  x χ x x x x x

Notes

Irish