De Feniks en de Toartel

De Feniks en de Toartel, yn it oarspronklike Ingelsk: The Phoenix and the Turtle (fan turtledove, "toarteldo", net it reptyl de turtle, "skylpodde"), is in allegoarysk gedicht oer de dea fan 'e ideälisearre leafde, fan 'e hân fan 'e wiidferneamde Ingelske skriuwer en dichter William Shakespeare. It wurdt algemien beskôge as ien fan syn meast obskuere wurken en is op ferskillende manearen ynterpretearre. De titel is tradisjoneel, mar net orizjineel: it gedicht waard publisearre sûnder titel. It waard foar it earst útjûn yn 1601, as in soarte fan epilooch ta it lange gedicht Love's Martyr ("Martelder fan 'e Leafde"), fan Robert Chester. De Fryske oersetting fan Douwe Kalma ferskynde yn 1976.

Ynhâld en ynterpretaasje
It gedicht beskriuwt de begraffenis dy't beävensearre wurdt foar de ferstoarne feniks en toartel (dy lêste fûgel is it tradisjonele symboal foar tawijde leafde). Guon fûgels wurde útnûge, mar oaren wurde bûtensletten. Neffens it gedicht skoep de leafde fan 'e beide stoarne fûgels in folsleine ienheid dy't alle logika en rede te boppe gie. It beslút mei in gebed foar de deade minners.

Dizze allegory op it perfekte houlik wurdt wol beskôge as in oade oan 'e Welske steatsman sir John Salusbury en dy syn frou Ursula Stanley, mar inkeld om't Robert Chester syn Love's Martyr oan harren opdroech. Oare ynterpretaasjes wolle hawwe dat De Feniks en de Toartel oer keninginne Elizabeth I giet, of oer har en har minner Robert Devereux, de greve fan Esseks, of oer har erfgenamt Jakobus VI fan Skotlân (de lettere Jakobus I fan Ingelân). Wer in oare útlis, dy't ferbân hâldt mei de bewearing dat Shakespeare sympatisearre mei de Roomsk-Katolike Tsjerke, is dat it eins in temûk lofliet op it (doedestiden yn Ingelân ferbeane) roomske leauwe wie.

Tekst

De Feniks en de Toartel

{| class="vatop"
|
Let the bird of loudest lay,
On the sole Arabian tree, 
Herald sad and trumpet be, 
To whose sound chaste wings obey. 

But thou, shriking harbinger, 
Foul pre-currer of the fiend, 
Augur of the fever's end, 
To this troop come thou not near. 

From this session interdict
Every fowl of tyrant wing, 
Save the eagle, feather'd king: 
Keep the obsequy so strict. 

Let the priest in surplice white, 
That defunctive music can, 
Be the death-divining swan, 
Lest the requiem lack his right. 

And thou, treble-dated crow, 
That thy sable gender mak'st
With the breath thou giv'st and tak'st, 
Mongst our mourners shalt thou go. Here the anthem doth commence: Love and constancy is dead; Phoenix and the turtle fledIn a mutual flame from hence. | width=25 |
|So they lov'd, as love in twainHad the essence but in one; Two distincts, division none: Number there in love was slain. Hearts remote, yet not asunder; Distance, and no space was seen'''Twixt the turtle and his queen; 
But in them it were a wonder. 

So between them love did shine, 
That the turtle saw his right
Flaming in the phoenix' sight: 
Either was the other's mine. 

Property was thus appall'd, 
That the self was not the same; 
Single nature's double name
Neither two nor one was call'd. 

Reason, in itself confounded, 
Saw division grow together; 
To themselves yet either-neither, 
Simple were so well compounded

That it cried how true a twain
Seemeth this concordant one! 
Love hath reason, reason none
If what parts can so remain. 

| width=25 |
|
Whereupon it made this threne
To the phoenix and the dove, 
Co-supreme and stars of love; 
As chorus to their tragic scene. 

THRENOS. 

Beauty, truth, and rarity. 
Grace in all simplicity, 
Here enclos'd in cinders lie. 

Death is now the phoenix' nest; 
And the turtle's loyal breast
To eternity doth rest, 

Leaving no posterity:— Twas not their infirmity, It was married chastity. Truth may seem, but cannot be: Beauty brag, but 'tis not she; Truth and beauty buried be. To this urn let those repairThat are either true or fair; For these dead birds sigh a prayer. |}

Fryske oersettingThe Phoenix and the Turtle waard yn it Frysk oerset troch Douwe Kalma. Yn 1976 waard it publisearre troch de Fryske Shakespeare Stifting te Drachten, as ûnderdiel fan harren omnibusútjefte Shakespeare's Wurk Dl. VIII'', yn 'e mande mei de fertalings fan 'e oare Shakespeariaanske poëzij en fan guon Shakespeariaanske trageedzjes.

Kategory:Literêr wurk fan William Shakespeare
Kategory:Ingelsktalich gedicht
Kategory:Gedicht út 1601
Kategory:Fryske oersetting