Male as norm

Principe male-as-norm ko goongɗingol wonde kuutorɗe grammaire e lexical ko wayi no huutoraade suffix -ess (hono no actress ) hollirta teeŋti noon e mbaadi debbo, wondude e huutoraade gorko ngam firtude "neɗɗo" e geɗe nannduɗe heen ina ɓamta e semmbinde miijo wonde cate worɓe ko corresponding, e fenorme tangentiel e noon kadi ina famɗi nafoore. Miijo ngoo adii feeñde e laaɓndal ko miijooji teeminannde 19ɓiire puɗɗiiɗi ƴellitde ɗemngal Engele ngam feeñninde geɗe e fooɗde ɗaɓɓaande maɓɓe e njiimaandi baabiraaɓe.Mustedanagic, A. (2010). "Gender in english language and EFL textbooks (Independent thesis Basic Level (degree of Bachelor)". Halmstad University Library. Archived from the original on 20 September 2017. Retrieved 13 April 2015.

 Bacon, Hannah (2009). What's Right with the Trinity? : Conversations in Feminist Theology. Farnham, Surrey, GBR: Ashgate Publishing Group. ISBN 9781409409298.

 Ƴellitaare daartol 

 Shift gila e njiimaandi jokkondire haa e binndol jokkondire (kitaale 1800) 
E teeminannde sappo e jeetatiire wonno ko firo radikal ɓanndu debbo e jokkondiral mum e gorko. Ko adii ngool waylo-waylo miijo, worɓe e rewɓe ina mbaawi heɓde tolno timmal metafizik, tawi noon e joofnirde teeminannde sappo e jeetatiire, mbaadi kesiri sosaa ko e miijooji dimorfisme radikal e divergence biologique . Annduɓe ko yowitii e nguurndam kuutoriima ƴellitaare e nder jaŋde anatomi e fisiyoloji ngam waylude faamde ceertugol jinnaaɓe e nder sifaaji wonaa degree . Ndee waylo-waylo metafizik e nder faamde jikkuuji e jinnaaɓe, kam e jokkondire hakkunde ɗeen cate renndo cifaaɗe, tiiɗtinii geɗe keewɗe gonɗe heen ɗee, e nder luural gonngal hakkunde worɓe e rewɓe. Ɗuum addani annduɓe, waɗooɓe politik, e woɗɓe jogiiɓe doole pinal, bayyinde goongɗinal e binndol jinnaaɓe e les njiimaandi positivisme e ƴellitaare ganndal.

 Caggal teeminannde 20ɓiire 

 Simone de Bowoar 
E hitaande 1949, ganndo Faraysenaajo biyeteeɗo Simone de Beauvoir yaltinii deftere mum wiyeteende The Second Sex, nde o siftini miijooji ɗiɗi ɗi caggal ɗuum ƴellitii e fannuuji ɗemɗiyankaagal e ganndal hakkille, ɗi ngonta tuugnorgal doosgal gorko-ko-normal e nder feminism mbaydi ɗiɗmiri .  de Beauvoir winndii wonde neɗɗo ina jogori wonde « moƴƴo e ko aldaa e mbaydi », ina hollira jaŋde maande, walla ceertugol ɗemngal hakkunde helmere « maande » e « maande » luulndo. Haa teeŋti noon, "miijo wonde feere hakkunde luurduɗe... wonaa simmetiriik." E nder heen, feere hakkunde luural ina heewi wonde asymmetric, maanaa "helmere moƴƴere, walla nde alaa maande, ina waawi ustaade e nder maanaa ngam hollirde tolno ngoo fof wonaa tan joofnirde moƴƴere; kono helmere bonnde, walla nde alaa maande, ina waawi hollirde tan joofnirde bonnde".  Mbaadiiji worɓe walla gootum ɗi ndarnaaka ina ƴettee ko ɗi mbaylaaka e nder mbaydiiji rewɓe walla keewal ɗi ndarnaaka.

 Luce Irigaray 
No Simone de Beauvoir waɗiri e nder duuɓi capanɗe cakkitiiɗi ɗii nii, ganndo debbo biyeteeɗo Farayse biyeteeɗo Luce Irigaray, tuugnii ko e miijo mum ko fayti e doosɗe worɓe-hono-normal, e miijo wonde rewɓe fof ina ceerti e ŋakkeende potal hakkunde rewɓe e worɓe, haa teeŋti noon e ɗemngal gonngal hakkunde rewɓe e worɓe, e no rewɓe njiyri ɗum en e no worɓe njiyrata ɗum en e nder renndo ngo; rewrude e luulndaare e nder njuɓɓudi fallosentrik ɗo ɗemngal huutortee e anniya ngam reende nafooje fallo e tabitinde darnde mum e nder njuɓɓudi. Irigaray ina seedtoo wonde toɗɗagol debbo ko mbaydi ɓurndi famɗude e worɓe, ko seerndi ɗum e mbaydi worɓe, ina feeñi e nder daartol e filosof Hirnaange fof. E nder ngool aada ŋakkeende potal, rewɓe ina pooɗee e tolno worɓe, yiyteede e nder nanondiral – ko ŋakkeende, timmunde walla ko nanndi heen. O hollitii wonde kala ko yi’etee e ceertugol hakkunde jinnaaɓe ɗiɗo ɓee ko fenaande. "To rewɓe ngonaa gootum e worɓe, ɓe ŋakkiraa woodde haa laaɓa cer."

 Tuugnorgal