Haleh Afshar, Baroness Afshar

Haleh Afshar, Baroness Afshar, OBE, FAcSS (Perse: هاله افشار; 21 mee 1944 – 12 mee 2022)[1] ko neɗɗo Biritaannaaɓe e nder suudu sarɗiiji leydi ndii. O joginoo nafoore nguurndam makko fof e hakkeeji rewɓe e sariya lislaam. O woniino porfeseer to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde York, o winndi ko ina ɓura sappo e ɗiɗi defte ganndal.

 Nguurndam e golle 
Haleh Afshar ko mawɗo e ɓiɓɓe nayo ɓe Hasan Afshar e Pouran Khabir njibini. O jibinaa ko ñalnde 21 mee 1944 to Teheran.[2] Baaba makko wonnoo ko e sahaa gooto jaagorgal laamu, kadi ko o jannginoowo sariya to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Teheran, yumma makko kadi ina joginoo kampaañ ngam rewɓe keɓa woote.[3] O adii yahde ko to duɗal Jeanne d’Arc to Teheran haa nde o heɓi duuɓi 14 o woni e hoɗde to Solihull ngam janngude toon. O naati duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde kesal to York caggal nde o timmini jaŋde makko A-levels to Brighton o heɓi dipolom makko gadano e hitaande 1967 e gannde renndo. Duuɓi joy caggal ɗuum o heɓi dipolomaaji to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Strasbourg hade makko timminde doktoraa makko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Cambridge e hitaande 1974 to bannge faggudu leydi. Ndeen o artii o golliima to ministeer leydi Iran. O golliima kadi e jaayndiyanke, wiɗtooji makko ngaddani mo faamde wonde rewɓe Iraan heewɓe paamataa hakkeeji mum en lislaam.[3] Jaayndeyaagal makko addani mo eggude sabu winndannde jowitiinde e galle laamorɗo oo jaɓaaka no feewi. E hitaande 1976 o woni ko e jannginde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Bradford.[3]

Afshar wonti porfeseer politik e jaŋde rewɓe to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde York, o woni porfeseer jiiloowo sariya lislaam to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Robert Schuman to Strasbourg, Farayse. Afshar golliima e Diiso Angalteer e Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe, nde o woni hooreejo tedduɗo to bannge golle hakkunde leyɗeele. O toɗɗaa ko e yiilirde Komiseer ngenndiijo rewɓe e lewru suwee 2008. O woniino hooreejo fedde Angalteer ngam janngude Fuɗnaange hakkundeejo. Afshar ko tergal sosngal fedde rewɓe juulɓe. O golliima e pelle gollorɗe Home Office, ko fayti e "jokkondiral e rewɓe" e "haɗde tooñanngeeji e nder renndo".

O toɗɗaama Ofisee Ordo Laamaandi Angalteer e hitaande 2005 e teddungal ñalngu nguu.[4][5] ngam sarwisaaji to potal fartaŋŋeeji. Ñalnde 18 oktoobar 2007, o anndinaama wonde o waɗata ko baroness, o naata e suudu sarɗiiji, o woni cross-bench life peer. O naati e suudu sarɗiiji ñalnde 11 lewru Duujal hitaande 2007, o woni Baroness Afshar, mo Heslington e nder diiwaan Yorkshire worgo.[6]

E lewru mars 2009, o innitiraa ko gooto e rewɓe juulɓe capanɗe ɗiɗi ɓurɓe waawde e nder leydi Angalteer e nder doggol doole rewɓe juulɓe 2009. Doggol ngol ko gollondiral hakkunde Komiseer toppitiiɗo potal e hakkeeji aadee, hono Emel Magazine e The Times, ngam mawninde golle ɗee e rewɓe juulɓe to leydi Angalteer.[7][8]

E lewru abriil 2009, o toɗɗaa jannginoowo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde gannde renndo.[9]

Afshar maayi ko e rafi ƴiiƴam to galle mum to Heslington ñalnde 12 lewru Mbooy 2022 tawi ina yahra e duuɓi 77.[2]

 Teddungal 
E hitaande 2011, Afshar heɓi doktoraa tedduɗo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Essex.[10]

E lewru Yarkomaa 2013, Afshar suɓaama ngam heɓde njeenaari golle jaŋde e nder njeenaari juulɓe Biritaan.[11]

E hitaande 2017, Afshar heɓi doktoraa tedduɗo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Bradford.[12]

 Golle 
Afshar winndi ko fayti e Iraan e politik Iraan wonande jannginooɓe e jaayɗe. Defte makko ina njeyaa heen Lislaam e rewɓe : wiɗto Iraan (Macmillan, 1998), e Lislaam e Dowla caggal mbayliigu to Iraan (Macmillan, 1994). O yuɓɓinii defte sappo e tati ko fayti e rewɓe e ɓamtaare.

Afsar, Haleh (1985). Rewɓe, golle, e miijooji e nder winndere tataɓere. Londres New York: Jaayndeeji Tavistock. ISBN 9780422797108.

Afsar, Haleh (1985). Iraan, rewolison e nder jiiɓru. Albany: Duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde New York. ISBN 9780887061264.

Afsar, Haleh (1987). Rewɓe, dowla, e miijooji: jaŋde ummoraade e Afrik e Asii. Albany: Duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde New York. ISBN 9780887063947.

Afsar, Haale; Agarwal, Bina (1989). Rewɓe, baasal e miijooji e nder Aasi : ƴaañgal luurondirngal, kuule ɗe ngonaa welɗe. Koɗorɗe, Basingstoke, Hampshire Angalteer: Macmillan. ISBN 978033444092.

Afsar, Haleh (1991). Rewɓe, ɓamtaare, e wuurde e nder winndere tataɓere. Londres New York: Longman. ISBN 9780582034945.

Afsar, Haleh (1993). Rewɓe Fuɗnaange hakkundeejo : miijooji, goongaaji e hareeji ngam ndimaagu. Basingstook: Makmilan. ISBN 978033575659.

Afsar, Haale; Maynaar, Mariyam (1994). Dinamiik "race" e jinnaaɓe: won e naatgol rewɓe. Taylor e Farayse. ISBN 9780748402113.

Afsar, Haleh (1996). Rewɓe e politik e nder winndere tataɓere. Londres New York: Routledge. ISBN 9780415138536.

Afsar, Haleh (1998). Rewɓe e doole : nate ummoraade e Aduna tataɓo. New York: Jaaynde St. Martin. ISBN 978033719732.

Afsar, Haleh (1998). Lislaam e feminism: ko wiɗto Iraan. New York: Jaaynde St. Martin. ISBN 9780312214326.

Afsar, Haale; Barriyentos, Stefani (1999). Rewɓe, winndereyankaagal e peccitagol e nder leyɗeele ƴellitiiɗe. Koɗorɗe, Basingstoke, Hampshire New York: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9780312216597.