Begum Rokeya

Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain(9 desaambar 1880[b] – 9 desaambar 1932), mo yimɓe heewɓe nganndi Begum Rokeya, ko miijotooɗo, winndiyanke, jannginoowo, daraniiɗo politik Bengali, ummoriiɗo Inndo Biritaan. O jeyaa ko e ardiiɓe ndimaagu rewɓe e nder leydi Bangladesh e leydi Indiya.

O hollitii wonde worɓe e rewɓe ina poti jogaade hakkillaaji, o siftini wonde ŋakkeende jaŋde wonande rewɓe ina addana ɓe ŋakkeende faggudu.[3] Golle makko mawɗe ina njeyaa heen Matichur (A string de perles douces, 1904 e 1922), deftere binndanɗe e nder defte ɗiɗi hollitooje miijooji makko jowitiiɗi e rewɓe ; Koyngal Sultana (1908), deftere ganndal rewɓe, waɗnde e nder Ladyland ɗo rewɓe laami; Padmarag ("Essence du Lotus", 1924) holliroowo caɗeele ɗe rewɓe Bengali en njogori dañde;[5] e Abarodhbasini (Rewɓe gonɗi e nder leydi ndii, 1931), ko njillu ruuhuyankeewu e sifaaji purdah ɓurɗi bonde, ɗi ustata nguurndam rewɓe e natal hoore mum en. [2]

Rokeya joginoo jaŋde ngam wonde sarɗiiji cakkitiiɗi ngam ndimaagu rewɓe, o sosi duɗal gadanal ngal fawaade e sukaaɓe rewɓe juulɓe to Kolkata. O wi'i o yahi saare haa saare ngam wallugo saro'en ngam neldugo sukaaɓe maɓɓe rewɓe haa janngirde maako haa Nisha. Haa o maayi, o doggini duɗal ngal hay so tawii o wondi e caɗeele bonɗe e caɗeele renndo.[2][6]

E hitaande 1916, o sosi fedde rewɓe juulɓe, fedde haɓantoonde jaŋde e golle rewɓe.[2][7] E hitaande 1926, Rokeya ardii batu jaŋde rewɓe Bengal mo ɓe kawri to Kolkata, ko ɗum woni eɓɓoore mawnde adannde ngam hawrude e rewɓe ngam wallitde hakkeeji jaŋde rewɓe.[7] O woniino e jeewte e batuuji ko faati e yahrude yeeso rewɓe haa o maayi ñalnde 9 desaambar 1932, ko juuti caggal nde o ardii batu e nder batu rewɓe Inndo.[7]

Bangladesh ina mawnina ñalawma Rokeya ñalnde 9 lewru Duujal hitaande kala ngam siftorde golle mum e ndonu mum.[8] Ñalnde heen, laamu Bangladesh kadi ina rokka Begum Rokeya Padak e rewɓe gooto gooto ngam golle mum en keewɗe.[9] E hitaande 2004, Rokeya wonii 6ɓo e nder wiɗto BBC, ko fayti e Bengali ɓurɗo mawnude e yontaaji kala.

 Baɗte e ɓesngu 
Heddiiɓe e galle cukaagu Rokeya to Pairaband, Rangpur, foto mum ko hitaande 2012.
Rokeya jibinaa ko e hitaande 1880, e nder galle juulɓe Bengali aristokraasi e nder wuro Pairaband, Rangpur, hooreejo leydi Bengal, (Bengal mo feccaaka) .[2] Maamiraaɓe makko ngummiima Tabriz to leydi Iran ngam sosde jawdi e nder leydi Indiya, ɓe cosi zamindari to Rangpur, ɓe ngonnoo ko e golle konu e ñaawoore e nder laamu Mughal.[12][2] Baaba makko, Zahiruddin Muhammadu Abu Ali Haydar Saber, ko zamindar, ganndo ɗemɗe keewɗe.[2] O resi laabi nay; dewgal makko e Rahatunnessa Sabera Chaudhurani jibini Rokeya, o jibini miñiraaɓe ɗiɗo rewɓe e miñiraaɓe tato, gooto e maɓɓe maayi ko e cukaagu. Mawniiko gorko biyeteeɗo Ibraahiima Saber, e mawniiko debbo biyeteeɗo Karimunnesa Khanam Chaudhurani, kamɓe ɗiɗo fof ɓe njogii ko batte mawɗe e nguurndam makko. Karimunnesa yiɗiino janngude ɗemngal Bengali, ɗemngal ɓurngal heewde e yimɓe Bengali, e dow yiɗde ɓesngu mum ɓurngu yiɗde huutoraade ɗemngal aarabeeɓe e ɗemngal Perse ngam waɗde ɗum en e jaŋde e jokkondiral. Ibraahiima ina janngina Rokeya e Karimunnesa Engele e Bengali.[13] Karimunnesa resi ko ina yahra e duuɓi sappo e nay, caggal ɗuum o wonti yimoowo. Ɓiɓɓe makko ɗiɗo ɓee fof, Abdul Karim Ghaznawi e Abdul Halim Ghaznawi, ngonti dawriyankooɓe, njooɗii e jaagorɗe e les njiimaandi laamu Angalteer.

 Teegal 
Rokeya wondude e gorko mum, Sakhawat Hosayn (1898)
Rokeya resii ko ina yahra e duuɓi 18, e hitaande 1898 e Kan Bahadur Sakhawat Hosayn, jahroowo e duuɓi 38. Ko o cukko hooreejo leydi Bhagalpur (diiwaan hannde oo e nder diiwaan Bihar) kaaloowo ɗemngal Urdu. O heɓi dipoloma makko ko fayti e ndema to Angalteer, o woniino tergal e fedde ndema laamɗo to Angalteer. O resi Rokeya caggal maayde debbo makko gadano. Ko o liberal, o hirjinii Rokeya ngam jokkude jaŋde Bengali e Engele. O hirjini mo kadi e binndol, e wasiyaaji makko, o ƴetti ɗemngal Bengali ngam wonde ɗemngal mawngal e golle makko binndol.[citation needed]

Rokeya winndi Sultana's Dream (1908) hade gorko mum maayde e hitaande 1909. E nder Sultana's Dream, Rokeya winndi ko waylude darnde worɓe e rewɓe ɗo rewɓe ngoni ɓurɓe heewde e worɓe ɓee ngoni lesɗinaaɓe e nder mandana (ko nanndi e gorko zenaana). O hollitii kadi yi’annde ganndal woɗnde, nde feministe, ɗo peeje ko wayi no ƴulɓe naange, otooji diwooji, e ƴulɓe duule kuutortee ngam naftoraade renndo ngoo fof.[14][15] Ina hiisee wonde satire teeŋtuɗo, baawɗo huutoreede. O winndi ko heewi e jaayndeeji Saogat, Mahammadi, Nabaprabha, Mahila, Bharatmahila, Al-Eslam, Nawroz, Mahe Nao, Bangiya Musalman Sahitya Patrika, The Mussalman, Magazine Ladies Indiya e woɗɓe.[2]

Lebbi jowi caggal maayde gorko Rokeya, o sosi duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde, o inniri ngal duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde sukaaɓe rewɓe Sakhawat Memorial.[16] Nde fuɗɗii ko to Bhagalpur, nokku ɗo ɗemngal Urdu haali, tawi ko almuɓɓe njoyo. Luural hakkunde makko e ɓesngu gorko makko ngam jawdi, addani mo yahde duɗal ngal e hitaande 1911, to Calcutta, nokku ɗo ɗemngal Bengali haali.[16] O ardii duɗal ngal duuɓi 24.[2]

Rokeya sosi fedde wiyeteende Anjuman-e-Khawateen-e-Islam (Fedde rewɓe Lislaam), nde daraninoo ko yuɓɓinde jeewte e batuuji jowitiiɗi e ngonka rewɓe e jaŋde. O wallitorii waylude, haa teeŋti noon e rewɓe, o miijii wonde parochialism e conservatism ɓurtuɗo ko ɓuri heewde e ko addani juulɓe ƴellitaade no feewi e nder leydi Indiya Biritanik. Anjuman-e-Khawateen-e-Islam yuɓɓinii kewuuji ngam moƴƴinde renndo tuugiiɗi e janngirɗe lislaam asliije ɗe, e wiyde makko, majjii. [ciimtol ina haani]

 Sifaa binndol 
Rokeya winndii e fannuuji keewɗi : daartol, jimɗi, binndanɗe, defte e binndanɗe satirik. O ƴellitii mbaadi binndol keeriindi, ndi nganndu-ɗaa ko mbaydi teskinndi, logic e sense of humour wry. O fuɗɗii winndude e ɗemngal Nabanoor ko hedde hitaande 1903, e innde Mrs R S Hossain. Kono tan, ina woodi miijo wonde binndol makko gadanol ngol o yaltini ngol, hono Pipasa, feeñii ko e Nabaprabha e hitaande 1902. Binndanɗe makko ina noddi rewɓe yo ndarto ngam salaade tooñanngeeji, ɓe ndartina kadi caɗeele renndo ɗe njiylotonoo ɓe.

 Defte ɗe Begum Rokeya winndi 
Kala nde debbo yiɗi ƴeftude hoore mum, kaɓirɗe baɗɗe diineeji walla binndi ceniiɗi ina piya hoore mum. ... Yimɓe ina njaltina ɗeen binndi ko jamirooje Alla ngam ustude en e nder niɓɓere. ... Ɗeen binndanɗe ngonaa ko wonaa njuɓɓudi ndi yimɓe mahi. Konnguɗi ɗi keɗotoɗen e seniiɓe worɓe ɗii, ina ceerti so tawii ko seniiɓe rewɓe kaaldata ɗi. ... Diineeji ina tiiɗtina tan jokkere enɗam e nder rewɓe, ina ngoongɗina njiimaandi worɓe e dow rewɓe.

Rokeya e hitaande 1904[18].

Pipasha ("Nguurndam") (1902)

Matikur 1ɓo. (Binndanɗe) (1904)

Matikur 2ɓo. (Binndanɗe) (1922)

Deftere ɗiɗmere ndee ina waɗi daartol e taali:

Saurajagat (Taggol naange),

Delisi Hatya (firo warngo Delisi – Marie Corelli)

Jnan-phal (Ɓiɓɓe ganndal)

Nari-Srishti (Tagngo rewɓe)

Infirmier Nelly

Mukti-phal (Ɓiɓɓe ndimaagu)

Koyɗol Sultaana (1905)

Padmarag ("ko woni e lootu") (deftere) (1924)

Abarodhbasini ("Rewɓe Ɓooyɓe") (1931)

Boligarto (taariindi juutndi)

Narir Adhikar ("Hakkeeji rewɓe"), binndol ngol timmaani wonande fedde rewɓe lislaam

Alla ina rokka, neɗɗo ina wujja (1927)

Miijooji jaŋde ngam suka debbo indiyankeejo hannde (1931)

 Maayde e ndonu 
Yanaande Rokeya e nder duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde sukaaɓe rewɓe Panihati, Sodepur.

Rokeya maayi ko e caɗeele ɓernde ñalnde 9 desaambar 1932, ñalnde o dañi duuɓi 52.

9 desaambar ina mawninee ñalngu Rokeya to leydi Bangladesh. Ñalnde 9 desaambar 2017, Google mawninii duuɓi mum 137, teddini mo e Google Doodle.[19]

Yanaande Rokeya to Sodepur yiytaa ko sabu darnde daartoowo biyeteeɗo Amalendu De. Nde woni ko e nder duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde sukaaɓe rewɓe Panihati, Panihati, Sodepur.[20]
Statue Rokeya e nder galle Rokeya Hall, to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Dakaar

Rokeya ina hiisee wonde ko kañum woni debbo gadano leydi Bengal.[9][21][22] Jaaɓi-haaɗtirdeeji, cuuɗi renndo e njeenaari ngenndi ndii ina inniree mo to leydi Bangladesh.[23][24] O woniino balloowo winndooɓe rewɓe heewɓe e yontaaji garooji ɗii, ina jeyaa heen Sufiya Kamal, Tahmima Anam, e woɗɓe.[25][26]

 Eponimuuji 
Ñalngu Begum Rokeya, ñalngu ciftorgol jibinannde e maayde Rokeya, ina maw knee hitaande kala ñalnde 9 lewru Duujal to leydi Bangladesh.[27]

Begum Rokeya Padak, teddungal ngenndiwal leydi Bangladesh rokketeengal rewɓe gooto gooto ngam golle mum en keewɗe.

Nokku siftorde Begum Rokeya, nokku janngirde e pinal to Pairaband, leydi Bangladesh.[28]

Rokeya Shoroni, laawol gootol to Dakaar.

Duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Begum Rokeya, duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde laamu to leydi Bangladesh.[30]

Rokeya Hall, ko suudu hoɗorde rewɓe ɓurndu mawnude e nder duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Dakaar. Hay duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Khulna to bannge ganndal e karallaagal, duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ndema Bangladesh, duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Rajshahi ina njogii kadi suudu hoɗorde rewɓe ina wiyee Begum Rokeya.

Siftorde Sakhawat Govt. Duɗal sukaaɓe rewɓe, kolkata, Bengal Hirnaange.

Begum Rokeya Smriti Balika Vidalaya to Saltlake, to Bengal Hirnaange.

 Teskorɗe 
^ Hay so tawii "Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain" (innde dewgal makko e ɗemngal Bengali: রোকইয়া সাখাওয়াত mi, Rokeya e hoore mum meeɗaa yiyeede ina huutoroo innde mum dewgal timmungal e ndeeɗoo binndol Engele. E nder ko ɓuri heewde e binndanɗe makko e ɗemngal Engele, o huutoriima tan ko alkule makko puɗɗaaɗe : ‘R. Hossein’ (kañum ne huutoriima e ɓataake 1ɓo Sultana’s Dream E nder yoga e binndanɗe goɗɗe e ɗemngal Engele, o huutoriima “Rokeya Khatun,” walla “Khatoon ". E nder ko ɓuri heewde e binndanɗe makko e ɗemngal Bengali, o huutoriima tan innde makko adannde "রোকেয়া" (ina wona "Rokeya" so tawii ko roman).[1][2]

^ Hay so tawii ñalngu nguu Rokeya ina mawninee wondude e ñalngu ngu o maayi ñalnde 9 lewru Duujal, ñalngu nguu ɓuri teskaade ko goonga nde tawnoo ngu winndaaka.[3][4]

^ "Begum" tedduɗo oo wonaa e innde Hoseyn; ɗum ɓeydaama e tiitoonde teddungal debbo, ko adii fof e nder duunde Inndo.[1]

 Tuugnorgal 
^ Jump up to: a b "Mawɗo debbo: binndanɗe teskinɗe e dow Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain". Hoodere ñalnde kala. 16 suwee 2017. Moƴƴinaama e asli mum ñalnde 7 oktoobar 2023. Ƴeewtaa ko ñalnde 17 desaambar 2018.

^ Juppude haa: a b c d e f g h i Akhter, Shahida (2012). "Hosayn, Rokiiya Sakhawat". E nder Lislaam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmadu A. (njuɓɓudi). Banglapedia: Ansiklopedi ngenndiijo leydi Bangladesh (Ed. ɗiɗaɓo). Renndo Aasiyankeewo to leydi Bangladesh. Ko ñalnde 6 lewru bowte hitaande 2020, ƴettaa ko ñalnde 28 noowammbar 2015. "Roquia Sakhawat Husein (Begum Rokeya)". Londres. Mooftaa ko e asli mum ñalnde 26 noowammbar 2018. Ƴeewtaa ko ñalnde 16 ut 2014.

^ Juppude haa: a b Azad, Humayuun. "Purushtantra o Rokeyar Naribad" পুরুষতন্ত্র ও রোকেযs়ার নারীবর নারঀবর নারঀবর Naree নারী [Debbo oo] (e ɗemngal Bengali). Dakaar: Agamee Prokason. 282 haa 299.

↑ Begum, Maleka (2018). Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain (e ɗemngal Bengali). Dakaar: Protoma. p. 11.

↑ Sarkar, Siuli (2016). Ceerndagol jinnaaɓe e nder leydi Indiya: Whimpers mo nanaaka. PHI Janngugol Pvt. Ltd p. 73. ISBN 978-8120352513. Keɓtinaama ñalnde 27 noowammbar 2018.

^ "Lefol Begum Rokeya duumotoongol". Ko jeytaare. 9 Duujal 2016. Mooftaa ko e asli mum ñalnde 21 Abriil 2019. Heɓtinaama ñalnde 21 Abriil 2019.

^ Jump up to: a b c "Begum Rokeya Sakhawat Hosayn". Koolol galle Sewall-Belmont. Suudu Sewall-Belmont & suudu defte. Mooftaa ko e asli mum ñalnde 24 lewru juko 2016. Ƴeewtaa ko ñalnde 25 lewru juko 2016.

^ "Njilaande Begum Rokeya hannde". Hoodere ñalnde kala. Mooftaa ko e asli mum ñalnde 12 lewru marse 2018. Ƴeewtaa ko ñalnde 25 lewru juko hitaande 2016.

^ Juppu haa: a b "Nyalaande Begum Rokeya ñalnde 9 Duujal". Jaaynde Dakaar. Mooftaa ko e asli mum ñalnde 7 lewru Yarkomaa 2016. Ƴeewtaa ko ñalnde 25 lewru Suwee 2016.

^ "Poll heɗotooɓe BBC". Hoodere ñalnde kala. 16 Abriil 2004. Mooftaa ko e asli mum ñalnde 25 Duujal 2018. Heɓtinaama ñalnde 21 Abriil 2019.

^ "Mujib, Tagore, Bose ina jeyaa e 'Bengali en ɓurɓe mawnude e yontaaji kala'". Hindu en. 17 abriil 2004. Mooftaa ko e asli mum ñalnde 25 desaambar 2018. Ƴeewtaa ko 21 abriil 2019.

^ Sengupta, Kaiser (5 mars 2022). "'Juulɗo Bengali' bana Oksimoron: Kiriis e fitinaaji anndinde | Renaissance Bengal". Mooftaa ko e asli mum ñalnde 11 sulyee 2023. Ƴeewtaa ko ñalnde 11 sulyee 2023.

^ Anwar S. Dil, Afiya Dil (2014). Waylude darnde rewɓe e nder leydi Bangladesh: Teddungal Begum Rokeya. Forum hakkunde pine. pp. 10-16. ISBN 978-9842003738.

^ Lewton, Tomaa (2019). "Yiyngooji rewɓe e ganndal e utopiya e nder 'Koyngal Sultana' Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain". Laamɗo Ganndal. Moƴƴinaama gila e asli mum ñalnde 1 mars 2023. Ƴeewtaa ko ñalnde 23 ut 2019.

^ Hosayn, Rokeya Sakhawat (1905). Koyngal Sultaana. Madras: Jaaynde rewɓe Inndo. Mooftaa ko e asli mum ñalnde 16 abriil 2016. Ƴeewtaa ko ñalnde 23 ut 2019.

^ Juppude haa: a b Barnita Bagchi (1 oktoobar 2003). "Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain". Moƴƴinaama gila e asli mum ñalnde 22 oktoobar 2022. Ƴeewtaa ko ñalnde 16 mee 2010.

^ "Noddaango Rokeya e rewɓe". 9 Duujal 2016. Mooftaa ko e asli mum ñalnde 1 feebariyee 2023. Heɓtinaama ñalnde 31 sulyee 2017.

^ Begum, Maleka (2010). Banglar Nari Andolaner [Diɗɗal rewɓe e nder leydi Bengal] (e ɗemngal Bengali). Dakaar: Jaaynde Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde. p. 71. ISBN 978-984-8815-70-0.

^ "Begum Rokeya waɗi duuɓi 137". Google. 9 Duujal 2017. Mooftaa ko e asli mum ñalnde 1 mars 2023. Heɓtinaama ñalnde 13 suwee 2019.

^ Banerjee, Pranotosh (27 mee 2014). "Siftorde Daartiyanke Amalendu De". Janoswarto Barta. Catterjee, Garga (firo). Mooftaa ko e asli mum ñalnde 4 suwee 2014. Ƴeewtaa ko ñalnde 13 lewru Yarkomaa 2016.

^ "Koyngal Rokeya ngal waɗaani". Hoodere ñalnde kala. Mooftaa ko e asli mum ñalnde 5 abriil 2019. Ƴeewtaa ko ñalnde 25 suwee 2016.

^ Rubaiyat, Hoseyn. "Begum Rokeya : Ko debbo gonɗo e leydi Bangladesh". Hoodere ñalnde kala. Mooftaa ko e asli mum ñalnde 30 lewru juko hitaande 2017. Ƴeewtaa ko ñalnde 25 lewru juko hitaande 2016.

^ Arif billa (23 desaambar 2016). "Siftorde Begum Rokeya". Hoodere ñalnde kala. Moƴƴinaama gila e asli mum ñalnde 1 mars 2023. Ƴeewtaa ko ñalnde 31 sulyee 2017.

^ "Duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Begum Rokeya fuɗɗiima golle jaŋde". Ekspres kaalis. Dakaar. Mooftaa ko e asli mum ñalnde 1 oktoobar 2011. Ƴeewtaa ko ñalnde 15 mee 2012.

^ "Yimoowo Sufia Kamal ko ñalnde altine 18 lewru nduu". Protom Alo. 20 Noowammbar 2017. Mooftaa ko e asli mum ñalnde 21 Abriil 2019. Heɓtinaa ko 21 Abriil 2019.

↑ Tahmima Anam (28 mee 2011). "Jaambaaro am Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain". Gardiiɗo oo. Mooftaa ko e asli mum ñalnde 29 lewru Yarkomaa 2023. Ƴeewtaa ko ñalnde 31 lewru Siilo 2017.

^ "Njilaande Begum Rokeya hannde". Hoodere ñalnde kala. 9 Duujal 2010.

^ "Nokku siftorde Begum Rokeya, Rangpur". Rangpur suudu njulaagu e njulaagu. Mooftaa ko e asli mum ñalnde 21 abriil 2019. Ƴeewtaa ko ñalnde 21 abriil 2019.

^ Alam, Shahidul (10 desaambar 2010). "Begum Rokeya ina gasa tawa ina wirna e nder yanaande mum." Kabaruuji Shahidul. Moƴƴinaama gila e asli mum ñalnde 1 lewru juko 2023. Ƴeewtaa ko ñalnde 21 lewru abriil 2019.

^ "Duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Begum Rokeya..." Hoodere ñalnde kala. 6 Yarkomaa 2013. Mooftaa ko e asli mum ñalnde 22 lewru Abriil 2019. Heɓtinaama ñalnde 21 lewru Abriil 2019.

 Jokkondire yaajɗe 
Golle ɗe Begum Rokeya waɗi walla ko fayti e mum to Arsiif Enternet

Rokeya sakhawat hossain to ansiklopedi fijirde ganndal

Hasan, Md Mahmudul (2012). "Marginal winndooɓe juulɓe e nder binndol Asii fuɗnaange: golle Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain e ɗemngal Engele" (PDF). Wiɗtooji Aasi fuɗnaange. 32 (3): 179-197. Doi:10.1177/0262728012469303. ISSN 0262-7280. S2CID 7845825.

"Asiatic (ƴeew binndanɗe Rokeya e nder 7.2 (Desammbar 2013) tonngoode jaaynde ndee)". jaayndeeji.iium.jaŋde.mi/asiyatik.

Rokeya teskinɗo: Golle cuɓaaɗe Rokeya Sakhawat Hoseyn. Leyden, Boston: Muulngo Brill. 2013. ISBN 9789004255876. Moƴƴinaama e asli mum ñalnde 8 feebariyee 2018. Ƴeewtaa ko ñalnde 25 oktoobar 2014.