Christine Downing

Christine Downing (jibinaa ko ñalnde 21 marse 1931) ko ganndo, jannginoowo, binndoowo e fannuuji miijooji, diine, ganndal luggiɗngal, e ganndal rewɓe.

 Nguurndam e jaŋde puɗɗagol 
Christine Downing jibinaa ko e hitaande 1931 to wuro Leipzig e nder leydi Almaañ. Yumma makko, hono Herta Fischer Rosenblatt, ko farmasiyanke, yimoowo, gooto e sosɓe fedde Haiku Amerik. Baaba makko, hono Doktoor E. F. Rosenblatt, ko jannginoowo ganndal kemikal to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Leipzig. Doktoor Rosenblatt, mo lannda Nazi en njiyri ɗum ko yahuud, dañii toɗɗagol mum porfeseer e hitaande 1933, ɗum addani ɓesngu nguu eggude to Amerik. E hitaande 1935, ɓe koɗi to New Jersey. Doktoor Rosenblatt wonti hooreejo Engelhard Industries ɗo laboratuwaar makko sinci mbayliigu katalitik gadano peewnugol e hitaande 1973.[1] E hitaande 1952, Downing heɓi bakkaa mum to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Swarthmore, o heɓi heen seedantaagal binndol. Ko kanko woni debbo gadano mo duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Drew rokki doktoraa, o heɓi ɗum ko e diisnondiral makko e filosof Almaañnaajo e ganndo diine biyeteeɗo Martin Buber.

 Kugal 
E hitaande 1963, Downing fuɗɗii jannginde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Rutgers to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Diine. E hitaande 1974, o naati to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde San Diego State University, o jannginii ɗoon duuɓi sappo e jeetati, tawi heen duuɓi sappo ko hooreejo duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde ngal to bannge diine. Kadi e hitaande 1974, Downing wonti debbo gadano hooreejo duɗal diine Amerik.[2] O waɗi konngol makko hooreejo leydi ko fayti e “Sigmund Freud e aadaaji miijooji.” Nde o jannginta to San Diego, Downing wonnoo ko e sahaa gooto, tergal mawngal to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Kaliforni, ko ɗum addani mo heɓde dipolomaaji master e nder safaara ɓesngu to USIU.

E hitaande 1994, Downing wallitii e ƴellitgol porogaraam jaŋde miijooji to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Pacifica to Santa Barbara, ɗo o woni tergal mawngal e nder duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde, omo janngina kursuuji e miijooji Gerek en e Roomnaaɓe, e aadaaji Hebree en, e ciimtol. Tuggi 1995 haa 2004, o waɗii janngirɗe Christine Downing hitaande kala to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde San Diego.[3]

Downing anndaama ngam waawde hawrude e binndol miijotoongol hoore mum, binndol nguurndam mum e ganndal tiiɗngal.[4] O ƴeewtindiima no Sigmund Freud e C.G. Miijooji Jung dow hoore mum e ko anndaaka, waylitii miijo e binndol nguurndam mum, tee ina heewi rewde koyɗe mum, ko wayi no toɓɓere yah-ngartaa feewde e wiɗtooji neɗɗo e ganndal.[4] Downing winndii, jannginii ko heewi ko fayti e jokkondire hakkunde neɗɗo e miijooji, haa teeŋti noon e nafoore hakkille miijooji laamɓe rewɓe Gerek en, haa arti noon e miijooji jowitiiɗi e Demeter e Persephone, e humpito rewɓe e laamɓe worɓe.

E lewru oktoobar 2018, Downing heɓi njeenaari jannginoowo tedduɗo ummoraade e Fedde Adunaare Jaŋde Psikoanaalitik.

Ko o moofti e kaɓirɗe makko e golle makko, ina tawee e nokku defte binndaaɗe e wiɗtooji OPUS to Santa Barbara, Kaliforni.

 Nguurndam neɗɗo 
Tuggude 1951 haa 1978, Downing resii George V. Downing, ganndo kemikal to Merck & Company, Inc. Hakkunde 1953 e 1958 ɓe ndañi ɓiɓɓe njoyo : Peter Stalker Downing, Eric Steele Downing, Scott Drinker Downing, Christopher Lane Downing, e... Sandra Ley Downing.

Nde ɗum waawi waɗeede e sariya e hitaande 2008, Downing resi yimoowo e winndiyanke biyeteeɗo River Malcolm.

 Bibliografi 
Laamɗo debbo: Nate miijooji rewɓe (Crossroad, 1981)

Jahgol e nder lewru: ko njuɓɓudi neɗɗo (Crossroad, 1987)

Banndiraaɓe rewɓe Psyche: Miijaade maanaa banndiraaɓe rewɓe (Harper & Row, 1988)

Miijooji e sirluuji giɗli hakkunde gorko gooto (Crossroad, 1989)

Sirruuji rewɓe: Faade e jimɗi jinnaaɓe (Crossroad, 1992)

Laamɓe e hakkunde men: Nate miijooji worɓe, yi’annde debbo (Crossroad, 1993)

Lugge caggal mum (iAduna, 2004)

Ko adii: Binndanɗe ko faati e miijo luulndo, 1961-1981 (iAduna, 2005)

Ɓoornugol: Binndanɗe 1982-2006 (Aduna, 2006)

Miijooji miijooji, 2007-2018 (2018)

Winnditorde, Miijooji hoore mum (Tarcher, 1991)

Editor, Laawol juutngol galle: Yiytude miijo Demeter e Persephone ngam jamaanu men (Shambhala, 1994)

Editor, Jiiɓru e nder ladde: Binndanɗe e teddungal David L. Miller (Defte jaayndeeji ndunngu, 2006)

 Tuugnorgal 
"Nafoore Sosiyetee Engelhard, Kabaaru, Sifaa Njulaagu, Daartol, Kabaaru Baɗte Sosiyetee Engelhard". www.juɓɓudi njulaagu.com. Heɓtinaama e 2018-10-09.

"Hooreejo leydi ɓennuɗo | aarweb.org". www.web.orgo. Arsiif ko gila e asli mum ñalnde 12-08-2018. Heɓtinaama e 2018-10-09.

Linda, Holler (2004). Ko adii fof, yeewtere nde Christine Downing waɗi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde San Diego 1995-2004. Lincoln, NE: Aduna. pp. ix. ISBN 0-595-31086-9.

Henking, Susan E. (1991). "Neɗɗaŋke ko diineeji: golle nguurndam mum e nder diineeji rewɓe hannde". Jaaynde duɗal diine Amerik. 59: 512-513.