Tahar Haddad

Tahar Haddad (aarabeere: الطاهر الحداد; 1899 – desaambar 1935) ko binndoowo Tuunus, senndikaajo, sosiyaalist, ganndo, peewnitoowo.[1]

Haddad jibinaa ko to Tunis e nder galle njulaagu, o janngi sariya lislaam to juulirde mawnde Zitouna gila 1911 haa o heɓi bak makko e hitaande 1920.[2] O wonti nootaar, o woppi golle makko ngam naatde e Al-Destour, woni lannda politik gadano mawɗo ardinooɗo dille ngenndiije Tuunus. E nder duuɓi garooji ɗii, o wonti tergal mawngal e nder dille gollotooɓe Tuunus, o yaawi wonde gardiiɗo dillere ndee. O yalti lannda Destour nde o weltii e ardorde ndee, haa teeŋti noon e jikku lannda oo e dille gollotooɓe. [3] [4]

Haddad ko neɗɗo teeŋtuɗo e nder dille gollotooɓe Tuunus puɗɗiiɗe, ɗe ummii ko e jaabawol dille gollotooɓe Farayse ngam daranaade nafooje gollotooɓe ɓiyleydaagu Tuunus, nde wonnoo ko e golle ko ina ɓura duuɓi sappo. Kono, caggal ɗuum, Haddad ina anndiree ko adii fof ko debbo tuugnorgal tuugnorgal rewɓe.[1]

 Nguurndam 
Ɓiɓɓe e Nguurndam Puɗɗam
Ɓesngu Haddad ko El Hamma to Gabès jeyaa, kono o jibinaa ko e leegal miskineeɓe to Rue Kaaiki to Tuunus. Baaba makko e kaaw makko ina njoginoo duɗal cowgal to Marché Centrale.

 Jannde to Juulirde Mawnde 
O janngii sariya lislaam to juulirde mawnde Zitouna gila 1911 haa o heɓi seedantaagal makko e hitaande 1920.[2]

 Rewɓe men e shari’a e renndo (1930) 
E hitaande 1928 e puɗal hitaande 1929, Haddad winndii binndanɗe keewɗe ko faati e jaŋde rewɓe e ndimaagu mum en to bannge sariya e renndo e nder jaaynde wiyeteende As-Sawab, nde Hédi Laâbidi yuɓɓini. Ɗee binndanɗe ngoni ko e daranaade golle makko ɓurɗe lollude, Debbo men e nder Shari’a e Renndo (1930), ɗo o holliti heen porogaraam makko ngam moƴƴinde renndo rewrude e rimɗinde e rimɗinde rewɓe.[5] Huutoraade ciimtol Qur’aana keewngol, Haddad hollitii firo Qur’aana keso, holliri wonde binndol ceniingol ngol alaa ko haɗi rewɓe rimɗinde.[6] O wiyi wonde rewɓe Tuunus ina poti jogaade hakkeeji, ina jeyaa heen reentaade e reentaade, e suɓaade jom suudu mum en, e hakke suɓaade jom suudu mum en. O holliti hay waylude ngonka ndonu ngam huutoraade kuule potal. [7]

Deftere ndee udditaama e dow laabi, e jaɓɓungal ngal sehilaaɓe makko yuɓɓini ñalnde 17 oktoobar 1930, to Kazino Belvedere. Kewu nguu tawtoraama 130 neɗɗo, ina heen Zine el-Abidine Snoussi, Mahmuud El Materi, Hédi Laâbidi. Yimoowo Tuunusnaajo, sehil Haddad biyeteeɗo Aboul-Qacem Echebbi, ina rafi, o waawaa tawtoreede, kono o neldi ɓataake binndaaɗo ngam yaafaade waasde makko tawtoreede, Mohamed Tlatli potnooɗo ardaade kewu nguu, o woppii. Haa jooni lomtii mo ko Rasiid Ben Mustafaa.

Deftere Haddad ndee waɗii jiiɓru, miijooji mum ina njogori luulndaade no feewi e nder renndo ɓurngo tiiɗde. Haddad waɗii kampaañ mbonɗo e terɗe lannda Destour e njuɓɓudi laamu Zitouna,[5] hay so tawii noon golle makko tuugii ko e naamnal neldanoongal jannginooɓe mawɓe duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Tuunus.[6] Ganndo mawɗo Zitouna, hono Mohamed Salah Ben Mrad, winndi jaabawol ɓuuɓngol e deftere Haddad, hay so tawii noon caggal ɗuum hollitaama wonde o janngaani nde hay dara.[1] Haddad ina reentinaa e yeeso yimɓe, ina wondi e caɗeele e fitinaaji e nder laabi, ɗum addani mo woppude nguurndam renndo. O woppitaa kadi ko heewi e sehilaaɓe makko e sehilaaɓe makko ɓooyɓe.[1]

Duuɓi makko cakkitiiɗi ɗii ko e udditgol renndo e depression, nde tawnoo ko ɓuri heewde e njuɓɓudi sariya, diineeji, binnditagol e hakkillaaji fof ina ndartini mo ngam miijooji makko feministeeji. Ko noon o haɗiri tawtoreede jaŋde makko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde, o riiwaa e suudu jaŋde. Fatwaaji keewɗi njaltinaa ngam bayyinde mo wonde ko o fenaande, won heen ko ardiiɓe diine mawɓe, won heen njahdi haa e bayyinde wonde ko o murtuɗo (ko ɓuri teeŋtude ko gardiiɗo diine mawɗo biyeteeɗo Taher ben Achour). O haɗaama kadi resde, golle keewɗe mbinndaama ngam yeddude mo, e nder leydi Tuunus e nder winndere aarabeeɓe ɓurnde yaajde.[3]

Tahar Haddad jaɓii ostracisme mum nde o ummii Tuunus duuɓi tati caggal nde o yaltini deftere Rewɓe men. O sankii ko e eggugol sabu rafi ɓernde e tuberkuloos ñalnde 7 desaambar 1935.

 Njawdi 
Ko duuɓi seeɗa tan caggal maayde makko, innde Haddad heɓtinaa, darnde makko heɓtinaa. Ndeke, miijooji makko jowitiiɗi e darnde rewɓe e nder renndo, kam e geɗe renndo goɗɗe, ina njogii batte no feewi e terɗe lannda Neo-Destour, haa arti noon e Habib Bourguiba, jogorɗo wonde hooreejo leydi Tuunus gadano caggal jeytaare mum. Haddad ina anndaa ko kañum woni sabaabu mawɗo ngam waylude siyno Borguiba, hono « Code de statut personnel » mo hitaande 1956. E nder waylooji goɗɗi ɗii, sariya oo ina haɗa dewgal keewngal e rewde, ina waɗa duuɓi dewgal ɓurɗi famɗude wonande worɓe e rewɓe, ina ɗaɓɓi nanondiral hakkunde dewgal, ina ɗaɓɓi kadi ceergal sekulaar e sariya ɓesngu.