Laos

Laos e dow laabi, ko leydi Laos (Lao RDP), ko leydi tan ndi alaa ko woni e mum so wonaa leydi e nder Aasiya fuɗnaange-rewo. Heeri ndi ko Myanmar e Siin to fuɗnaange-rewo, Wiyetnaam to fuɗnaange, Kamboodiya to fuɗnaange-rewo, e Taylande to hirnaange e fuɗnaange-rewo. Leydi ndii ina waɗi ko ina tolnoo e miliyoŋaaji jeetati neɗɗo. Laamorgo mayri e wuro ɓurngo heewde yimɓe ko Vientiane. Leydi ndii ina heewi nokkuuji koɗli, cuuɗi Buddhist en, ina heen nokku gonɗo e UNESCO, hono Luang Prabang, e mahdi koloñaal Farayse.

Leydi ndii ina rewi e daartol mum e pinal mum haa e Lan Xang, laamu nguu ina woodi gila e teeminannde 13Yuroopu haa 18Yuroopu. Rewrude e nokku mum, laamu nguu wonnoo ko nokku njulaagu dow leydi. E hitaande 1707, Lan Xang feccii e laamuuji tati: Luang Prabang, Wiyenyan, e Champasak. E hitaande 1893, ɗeen laamlaamuuji kawritaa e les njiimaandi Farayse, tawi ina njeyaa e Indosiin Farayse. Laos wonnoo ko e les njiimaandi Japon e wolde adunaare ɗimmere, heɓi jeytaare mum e hitaande 1945 hade mum hootde e laamu Farayse haa heɓi jeytaare mum e hitaande 1949. Leydi ndii heɓti jeytaare mum timmunde e hitaande 1953, hono Laamu Laos, tawi ko laamu doosgal leydi woni e les njiimaandi Sisavang Vong. Konu hakkunde leyɗeele tuggi 1959 haa 1975 waɗi kominist biyeteeɗo Pathet Lao, ballitooɗo Vietnam worgo e Dental Sowiyet, luulndii konu laamɗo Lao, ballitooɗo Amerik. Hare nde joofi ko e sosde Republique Democratique Populaire Lao e hitaande 1975, dowla demokaraasi yimɓe jokkondirɗo e Dental Sowiyet haa nde fusi e hitaande 1991.

Ko ɗum gooto e dowlaaji joy kominist gollotooɗi ɗii, kadi ko kañum tan woni dowla demokaraasi leñol, Laos ina laami ɗum e lannda Rewolison Leñol Lao (LPRP). E nder laamu lannda kaa, pelle ɗe ngonaa laamuyankooje ina keewi siftinde wonde jojjanɗe aadee leydi ndii ina ŋakki, ina ciftora heen bonanndeeji keewɗi ko wayi no torlaaji, keeri ndimaagu siwil e tooñanngeeji leƴƴi pamari. Siistem politik leydi ndii siforaama no laamu nguu nii, ko Freedom House holliti ɗum. Caɗeele ɗee fof e wonde, Laos wayliima feewde e peeje mbayliigu luumo, ko ɗum huunde maantiniinde e ƴellitaare hesere.

Feere ƴellitaare leydi Laos ina teeŋtina jokkondiral diiwaanuuji ɗii rewrude e ƴellitaare gollorɗe. Timminoore laawol laana njoorndi Laos–Siin (LCR) e hitaande 2021, jokkondirngol Vientiane e Kunming, ɓeydii njulaagu e turism. Leydi ndii ina tawtoree e porogaraam gollondiral faggudu e nder diiwaan Mekong mawɗo, tawi ina teeŋtini eɓɓaaɗe njuɓɓudi hakkunde leyɗeele e eɓɓaaɗe semmbe. Banke Adunanke anndini Laos wonde jeyaa ko e faggudu ɓurndu yaawde ƴellitaade e Asii Fuɗnaange-rewo e Pasifik, sibu ɓeydagol PIB hitaande kala ina tolnoo e 7,4% gila 2009, tawi ko ɗum addani ɗum ɓeydaade yaajnude turism, njulaagu semmbe, e njulaagu caggal leydi. So tawii Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe limtii ɗum leydi ɓurndi famɗude ƴellitaare, Laos ina jeyaa e ASEAN, e nanondiral njulaagu Asii-Pacifik, e batu Asii fuɗnaange, e La Francophonie, e Fedde Adunaare Filu.

 Etimoloji 

Konngol Laos ngol ko Farayse naaɓe njiyti ɗum, ɓe kawri laamuuji tati Laos ɗii e nder Indosiin Farayse e hitaande dubi alif 1893. Innde leydi ndii ina winndaa no feewi e keewal leñol ɓurngol heewde, hono leñol Lao. E ɗemngal Engele, "s" e innde leydi ndii ina wiyee ; ɗum deƴƴaani.

 Limre yimɓe 
link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Laos-demography.png|right|thumb|300x300px|Natal yimɓe leydi Laos, limoore hoɗɓe e miliyoŋaaji hakkunde 1800 e 2021 (Aduna men e nder dokke Data, 2022)
Yimɓe leydi Laos e hitaande 2024 ina limtee e kiilometaji 7,953,556 neɗɗo, tawi heen 3 966 320 ko worɓe e 3 987 236 ko rewɓe, e wiyde jaaynde wiyeteende The World Factbook. Ɗum waɗi Laos woni leydi 103ɓiri ɓurndi heewde yimɓe e winndere nde.

 Leñol 
Yimɓe Laos ina limtee e peccitagol mum en e tooweeki (leyɗeele leslese, hakkundeeje e leyɗeele toowɗe toowɗe), sibu ɗum ina jokkondiri seeɗa e denndaangal leƴƴi. Ko ɓuri feccere e yimɓe leydi ndii ko leñol Lao—ko ɓuri heewde e hoɗɓe e leyɗeele leslese. Lao en njeyaa ko e fedde ɗemɗe Tai fuɗɗiiɓe eggude fuɗnaange gila Siin e ujunere hitaande adannde caggal Iisaa.Pittayaporn, Pittayawat (2014). Layers of Chinese Loanwords in Proto-Southwestern Tai as Evidence for the Dating of the Spread of Southwestern Tai . MANUSYA: Journal of Humanities, Special Issue No 20: 47–64. 10% njeyaa ko e pelle "lowre" goɗɗe, ɗe kam e leñol Lao en mbaɗi Lao Loum (yimɓe leslese).

E nder koɗli hakkundeeji e fuɗnaange, ko pelle haalooɓe ɗemngal Mon-Khmer, anndiraaɗe Lao Theung walla Laotinaaɓe hakkunde ŋoral ɓuri heewde. Helmere woɗnde ko Khmu, Khamu (Kammu) walla Kha no Lao Loum mbiyata ɗum nii ngam hollirde jeytaare mum e ɗemngal Otiris. Ko sakkitii koo ina sikkaa ko pejorative, firti ko ‘maccuɗo’. Ko kamɓe ngoni hoɗɓe e leydi Laos worgo. Won e Vietnamnaaɓe, Sinuwaa en Laos e Taylandenaaɓe ina keddii, haa teeŋti noon e nder gure, won heen kadi njalti caggal nde keɓi jeytaare e kitaale 1940, won heen ngummii ko to Vietnam, to Hong Kong, walla to Farayse. Lao Theung ina waɗi fotde 30% e yimɓe leydi ndii.

Yimɓe koɗli e pine tokoose Laos ko wayi no Hmong, Yao (Mien) (Hmong-Mien), Dao, Shan, e leƴƴi haalooɓe Tibet-Burman ina nguuri e nokkuuji ceertuɗi e Laos ko ina wona duuɓi. Leƴƴi koɗli/koɗki jillondirɗi e ndonu etno/pinal-ɗemngal ina tawee e worgo Laos, tawi ina jeyaa heen leñol Lua e Khmu wonɓe e leydi Laos. E nder renndo, ɓe nganndiraa ko Lao Soung walla Laotinaaɓe toowɓe. Lao Soung ina waɗi fotde 10% e yimɓe leydi ndii.

 Ɗemɗe 
Ɗemngal laamu ko Lao, ɗemngal jeyaangal e galle ɗemɗe Tai-Kadai. Ko ɓuri feccere e yimɓe leydi ndii ina kaala ɗemngal Lao. Heddiiɓe ɓee, haa teeŋti noon e nder gure teeru, ina kaala ɗemɗe leƴƴi pamari. Alkule Lao, ɗe ƴellitii won e sahaaji hakkunde teeminannde 13 ɓiire e 14ɓiire, ummorii ko e binndol Khmer. Ɗemɗe bana Khmu (Astroasiatik) e Hmong (Hmong-Mien) ko yimɓe pamari haaldata, haa teeŋti e nokkuuji hakkundeeji e toowɗi. Ɗemɗe maandeeji Laotian keewɗe ina kuutoree e nokkuuji ɗo muusɓe jibinannde ɓuri heewde.

Farayse ina huutoree e laamu e njulaagu, Laos ina jeyaa e fedde kaaloowo Farayse wiyeteende La Francophonie. Fedde nde limtii e hitaande 2010 wonde ina waɗi 173 800 haaloowo Farayse e nder leydi Laos. Engele, ɗemngal Fedde Leyɗeele Asii Fuɗnaange-rewo (ASEAN), ɓeydii janngeede.

 Dina 
link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Vat_Nong_Sikhounmuang.jpg|right|thumb|Pagoda Wat Nong Sikhounmuang to Luang Prabang
66% e Laos en ko Budist en Theravada, 1,5% ko Kerecee’en, 0,1% ko juulɓe, 0,1% ko yahuud en, e 32,3% ko woɗɓe walla aadaaji (ko ɓuri heewde e maɓɓe ko gollotooɓe e Satsana Phi) e hitaande 2010.

 Jam baandu 
Nguurndam gorko e jibinannde mum ko duuɓi 62,6 e debbo ko nder  duuɓi 66,7 e hitaande 2017. Ngeendam celluɗam ko duuɓi 54 ​​e hitaande dubi 2007. Jawdi laamu ngam cellal ko hedde 4% e PIB, hedde 18 dolaar Amerik (PPP) e hitaande dubi 2006.

 Tuugnorgal 

Catégorie:Leydi
Catégorie:Aasiya
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