Sonia Bunting

Sonia Bunting, OLS (o daayaama nyanlde 9 lewru Desemba hiitande ndungu alif 1922 - 24 lewru Maars ndungu 2001) wonnoo habaruɗo Afrik worgo, e jaagorɗo politik e jaagoraaku. Caggal nde ɓe njogii e nder suudu je'aare, ɓe njogini ɓe ɗiɗaɓo, ɓe njokki ɓe ɓe wurtina ɓe, ɓe njahi nder lesdi London, to ɓe njoggi jamiroore anti-Apartheid (AAM) e ɓe ɗon haɓɓita jamiroore duniyaaru ngam sakkinki fursinaaɓe siyasa nder lesdi Afrika. Nde bannge African National Congress (ANC) rimmi nder 1991, o wartii nder lesdi Afrika Fuuta to o hawti e kuuɗe siyasa haa o maayi nder hitaande 2001. O heɓii teddungal dowla Afrik worgo e Ordin Luthuli nder Silver e hitaande 2010.

Sonia Beryl Isaacman jibini 9 Desemba 1922 nder Johannesburg, Afrik worgo to Dora e David Isaacman. Mawɓe maako ɓe Yahuudiyanko'en ɓe njaaraama, ɓe ɗon mbaɗa diga fuunaaŋge Orop ngam ɓe mbaɗaaki ɓaawo yimɓe ɓe ɓe nganndi Yahuudiyankooɓe. Caggal nde o mari mari mariima e nder janngirde mum, Isaacman jaɓɓii e nder jaŋde Witwatersrand ngam jaɓɓude janngirde jaŋde. Nder 1942, nde o jannginoo e jaŋde, o hawti e Communist Party of South Africa (CPSA), jamma politik go'o e leƴƴi ɗuuɗɗe nder leydi ndi wakkati oon. O fuɗɗi haɓugo ngam sufragi duniyaaru nden o timmini jannguki maako nder suudu dokkal caggal nde o timmini hitaande go'o nder suudu jaŋde￼

Sonia Beryl Isaacman jibini 9 Desemba 1922 nder Johannesburg, Afrik worgo to Dora e David Isaacman. Baaba maako ɓeen ɓeen ɓe Yahuudiyankooɓe ɓeen ɓe njokki diga fuunaaŋge Orop ngam ɓe mbaɗata ɓerɗe maɓɓe to ɓeen ɓe nganndi yimɓe Yahuudiyanko'en.[1] Caggal nde o mari mari jaŋde e nder jaŋde, Isaacman jaŋde haa jaŋde Witwatersrand ngam jaŋde jaŋde.[2] E hitaande 1942, nde o jannginoo e jaŋde, o jokki wonde partiijo komyunista Afrik worgo (CPSA), partiijo siyaasa ɓooyma e leƴƴi ɗuuɗɗe nder leydi ndii saa'i maajum.[1][3] O fuɗɗi haɓugo ngam hakkilantaaku yimɓe fuu, nden o timmini janngude maako nder suudu dokkal ɓaawo o timmini hitaande go'o nder suudu.[4]

 Kuugal 
Isaacman yahi golle nder cuuɗi SACP, to o anndini Brian Bunting, [1]  mo o wonnoo warɗo konu duuniyaaru ɗiɗaɓo e komiinisɗo.[4] E hitaande 1946, ɓe kawti e maɓɓe e ɓe njaara to Cape Town, to ɓe ngurtini ɓiɓɓe maɓɓe tati, Peter, Margaret e Stephen.[1][1]="mw-reflink-text" id="mwLQ">[5] Bunting tokki huuwugo ngam SACP ɗon, nden fuɗɗi huuwugo nder Kawtal Jam Cape Town bana sakitirɗo maako. Nde nder 1950, komiinisma e partiya ngal ɓe njaɓii nder Senegaal, o fuɗɗi gollaade e The Guardian, ko wondi gazeta e jokkondiral komiinisma.[4][5] Nde ɗum taƴii e innde "The Spark", nden boo ɓaawo ɗum ɗum taƴi e innde New Age, o tokki gollaago ngam bolle.[4] O waɗi darnde dow darnde Ahmed Kathrada ngam darnde Senegaal, to festival 3rd World Festival of Youth and Students, o yahri to Berlin fuunaaŋgo nder hitaande 1951.[3] Nder 1953, partiya fuɗɗii haɓɓugo bee innde partiya Communiste Afrique du Sud (SACP), e Bunting wondi go'oto nder ardiiɓe maɓɓe. Nder tagdi dow lawol ɓeydiingo haɓɓugo dowla dowla haɓɓugo ɓeydiinde, o ɗon hakkiilo dow kuuɗe siyasa. Bana debbo laamiiɗo, o ɗon haani wolwugo dow hakkiilo leƴƴi.[1][2] O nodditii wonde gooto e jaajotooɓe dow jamma yimɓe e hitaande 1955 haa Kliptown, to ɗum jaɓɓi Freedom Charter.[1][1]

E hitaande 1956, Bunting, Kathrada, e 154 goomu gooduɗo golle, ɓe njogii e ɓe njoginoo hakkeeji ngam ɓeydaade leydi.[1][4][6] Fuuɗal ngal waɗi haa 29 mars 1961,[7] amma Bunting wondi aadi e yimɓe 91 e o hooti wuro maako e ɓiɓɓe maako nder lewru oktoobar 1958.[1][2][3] Nder hitaande ɓaawo rimɗol maako, o ɗon yaajugo haa o ɗon yaha ha kawtal, o ɗon ɓaŋgugo o ɗon yaazugo nder jamɗe noogas e joweego njoweego nder jamɗe ɗe o ɗon haɓɓana.[2] Nder lewru Maars 1960 nde Sharpeville ɓaawo, Bunting boo nattii e nder suudu ceerno Pretoria lebbi tati.[1][4] New Age haani e haɓɓii e 1962, e yimɓe kala kubartooɓe golle ton, hawtiɓe e Bunting, gorko mum, Ruth First e Govan Mbeki, hawti e haɓɓugo.[4][5][8] O e gorko maako ɓe ɗon haɓɓana nder suudu saa'i 24 nder duuɓi jowi, ngam ɗum waɗa kuuɗe siyasa naa waawaa.[1][4][8] Haala ngal waɗi Buntings ɓe njogii ɓe ƴettira Afrik worgo ngam London nder hitaande 1963. Visa'en ƴiwoonde ngam ɓe njaɓata ɓe ɗon wi'a ɓe waawaa warugo nder lesdi Afrika. [2][2]

Nde o yotti London, Bunting hawti e Movement Anti-Apartheid (AAM) o tokki golle mum e SACP.[4] Nde Nelson Mandela haɓɓii, Fedde Fedde Fuuta ngam Furiisiisiisiisi Fuuta Afrik worgo wonnoo ko Bunting woni mo o haɓɓii.[3] O waɗi hujjaaji ngam waɗugo sanktinaaji jawdi dow Senegaal e yaasi leydi ndii diga jawdi duuniyaaru, e hooreejo hujjaaji haɓɓugo haala Senegaal be haala Mandela e fursinaaɓe siyasa feere.[1][4] O ɗon haani e nder nder nder nder ɓurɗe fuu, o ɗon haani ngam o ɗon haandi nder haɓɓuki haɓɓuki Mandela diga nder nder nder suudu kiita nde Rivonia waɗi.[4][2] Nde kiita nde timmi e ɓeen ummoriiɓe ɓe njokki e kaso, o tokki huuwugo ngam rimɗinde maɓɓe, e laawol "kawral huutoreejo SACP nder duuniyaaru",[2] je ɗon haadi e 39 Goodge Street, London.[1] Ha wakkati ɗon, nder hitaande 1968, o fuɗɗi darnde darnde darndooji darnde darngal darnde darndaangal darnde darnugo darnde dardaangal darnde SACP, nden o huuwani e nder darnde fulɓe nder Inkululeko Publications.[2][1] Nder duuɓi ɗiɗi, o waɗi kuuɗe ɗe fuu, o waɗi bolle ngam Afrik worgo e aduna mo anndi hakkeeji yimɓe nder duniyaaru fuu.[1][2][2]

E hitaande 1991, caggal duuɓi sappo e joweetati e njoweego nder leydi, ɓe ceertu Cape Town, nde ɓe ƴetti banndol SACP e African National Congress (ANC). [1] [3] Bunting waɗi kuugal ANC nder kuugal suɓaaji 1994 e 1999 e o wondi gooto e ardiiɓe Cape Town Friends of Cuba, o tokki kuuɗe mum politik haa maayde maako. [1] [2]

 Maayi e jawdi 
Bunting maayi ha 24 mars 2001 ha Cape Town.[1] E hitaande 2010 o heɓi teddungal hooreejo leydi Jacob Zuma e dabare Luthuli ngam darnde mum to hawrugol hakkillo e hakkeeji neɗɗo e ɓamtaare leydi e nder Senegaal.[9]

 Firooji 

 Ɗeɗol 
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 Bibliography 

Category:Rewɓe Naajeeriya
Category:Rewɓe