Piirhälve

Piirhälve (inglise keeles limit deviaton, permissible deviation) näitab piirmõõtme ja nimimõõtme algebralist vahet. Suurimale piirmõõtmele vastavat piirhälvet nimetatakse ülemiseks hälbeks (upper deviaton) ja vähimale vastavat alumiseks hälbeks (lower deviation).

Piirhälve on alati märgiga väärtus. Positiivne hälve näitab, kui palju võib detaili tegelik mõõde olla nimimõõtmest väiksem.

Piirhälbed kirjutatakse vahetult nimimõõtme järele.

Piirhälvete märkimine joonistele
Õige on järgmine märkimine:
 Ø30−0,3+0,2
 Ø30−0,15
 Ø30+0,027
 Ø30±0,2

ISO Standard annab ka mooduse, kus hälbed kirjutatakse erandkorras nimimõõtmega samasuuruse kirjaga.

Ava piirhälbed mikromeetrites (μm) DIN ISO 286
D mmIT01IT0IT1IT2IT3IT4IT5IT6IT7IT8<D≤H01H0H1H2H3H4G5H5JS5K5M5N5G6H6JS6K6M6N6P6F7G7H7JS7K7M7N7P7R7S7T7D8E81...3 +0,3 +0,5 +0,8 +1,2 +2,0 +3 +6 +4 +2,00 -2 -4 +8 +6 +3,00 -2 -4 -6 +16 +12 +10 +50 −2 −4 −6 −10 −14 - +34 +28000000 +20 −2,0 −4 −6 −8 +20 −3,0 −6 −8 −10 −12 +6 +20 −5 −10 −12 −14 −16 −20 −24 - +20 +143...6 +0,4 +0,6 +1,0 +1,5 +2,5 +4 +9 +5 +2,50 −3 −7 +12 +8 +4,02 −1 −5 −9 +22 +16 +12 +6 +30 −4 −8 −11 −15 - +48 +38000000 +40 −2,5 −5 −8 −12 +4 +0 −4,0 −6 −9 −13 −17 +10 +40 −6 −9 −12 −16 −20 −23 −27 - +30 +206...10 +0,4 +0,6 +1,0 +1,5 +2,5 +4 +11 +6 +3,0 +1 −4 −8 +14 +9 +4,5 +2 −3 −7 −12 +28 +20 +15 +7 +50 −4 −9 −13 −17 - +62 +47000000 +50 −3,0 −6 −10 −14 +50 −4,5 −7 −12 −16 −21 +13 +50 −7 −10 −15 −19 −24 −28 −32 - +40 +25<D≤H01H0H1H2H3H4G5H5JS5K5M5N5G6H6JS6K6M6N6P6F7G7H7JS7K7M7N7P7R7S7T7D8E810...18 +0,5 +0,8 +1,2 +2,0 +3,0 +5 +14 +8 +4,0 +2 -4 -9 +17 +11 +5,5 +2 -4 −9 −15 +34 +24 +18 +9 +60 −5 −11 −16 −21 - +77 +69000000 +60 −4,0 −6 −12 −17 +60 −5,5 −9 −15 −20 −26 +16 +6 +0 −9 −12 −18 −23 −29 −34 −39 - +50 +3218...24 +0,6 +1,0 +1,5 +2,5 +4,0 +6 +16 +9 +4,5 +1 −5 −12 +20 +13 +6,5 +2 −4 −11 −18 +41 +28 +21 +10 +60 −7 −14 −20 −27 - +98 +73000000 +70 −4,5 −8 −14 −21 +70 −6,5 −11 −17 −24 −31 +20 +70 −10 −15 −21 −28 −35 −41 −48 - +65 +4024...30 +0,6 +1,0 +1,5 +2,5 +4,0 +6 +16 +9 +4,5 +1 −5 −12 +20 +13 +6,5 +2 −4 −11 −18 +41 +28 +21 +10 +60 −7 −14 −20 −27 −33 +98 +73000000 +70 −4,5 −8 −14 −21 +70 −6,5 −11 −17 −24 −31 +20 +70 −10 −15 −21 −28 −35 −41 −48 −64 +65 +40<D≤H01H0H1H2H3H4G5H5JS5K5M5N5G6H6JS6K6M6N6P6F7G7H7JS7K7M7N7P7R7S7T7D8E830...40 +0,6 +1,0 +1,5 +2,5 +4,0 +7 +20 +11 +5,5 +2 -5 -13 +25 +16 +8,0 +3 -4 −12 −21 +50 +34 +25 +12 +70 −8 −17 −25 −34 −39 +119 +89000000 +90 −5,5 −9 −16 −24 +90 −8,0 −13 −20 −28 −37 +25 +90 −12 −18 −25 −33 −42 −50 −69 −64 +80 +6040...50 +0,6 +1,0 +1,5 +2,5 +4,0 +7 +20 +11 +5,5 +2 −5 −13 +25 +16 +8,0 +3 −4 −12 −21 +50 +34 +25 +12 +70 −8 −17 −25 −34 −45 +119 +89000000 +90 −5,5 −9 −16 −24 +90 −8,0 −13 −20 −28 −37 +25 +90 −12 −18 −25 −33 −42 −50 −69 −70 +80 +5050...65 +0,8 +1,2 +2,0 +3,0 +5,0 +8 +23 +13 +6,5 +3 −6 −15 +29 +19 +9,5 +4 −5 −14 −26 +60 +40 +30 +15 +90 −9 −21 −30 −42 −55 +146 +106000000 +100 −6,5 −10 −19 −28 +100 −9,5 −15 −24 −33 −45 +30 +100 −15 −21 −30 −39 −51 −60 −72 −85 +100 +60<D≤H01H0H1H2H3H4G5H5JS5K5M5N5G6H6JS6K6M6N6P6F7G7H7JS7K7M7N7P7R7S7T7D8E865...80 +0,8 +1,2 +2,0 +3,0 +5,0 +8 +23 +13 +6,5 +3 -6 -15 +29 +19 +9,5 +4 -5 −14 −26 +60 +40 +30 +15 +90 −9 −21 −32 −48 −64 +146 +106000000 +100 −6,5 −10 −19 −28 +100 −9,5 −15 −24 −33 −45 +30 +100 −15 −21 −30 −39 −51 −62 −78 −94 +100 +6080...100 +1,0 +1,5 +2,5 +4,0 +6,0 +10 +27 +15 +7,5 +2 −8 −18 +34 +22 +11 +4 −6 −16 −30 +71 +47 +35 +17 +100 −10 −24 −38 −58 −78 +174 +126000000 +120 −7,5 −13 −23 −33 +120 −11 −18 −28 −38 −52 +36 +120 −17 −25 −35 −45 −59 −73 −93 −118 +120 +72100...120 +1,0 +1,5 +2,5 +4,0 +6,0 +10 +27 +15 +7,5 +2 −8 −18 +34 +22 +11 +4 −6 −16 −30 +71 +47 +35 +17 +100 −10 −24 −41 −66 −91 +174 +126000000 +120 −7,5 −13 −23 −33 +120 −11 −18 −28 −38 −52 +36 +120 −17 −25 −35 −45 −59 −76 −101 −126 +120 +72<D≤H01H0H1H2H3H4G5H5JS5K5M5N5G6H6JS6K6M6N6P6F7G7H7JS7K7M7N7P7R7S7T7D8E8120...140 +1,2 +2,0 +3,5 +5,0 +8,0 +12 +32 +18 +9 +3 -9 -21 +39 +25 +12,5 +4 −8 −20 −36 +83 +54 +40 +20 +120 −12 −28 −48 −77 −107 +208 +148000000 +140 −9,0 −15 −27 −39 +140 −12,5 −21 −33 −45 −61 +43 +140 −20 −28 −40 −52 −68 −88 −117 −147 +145 +85140...160 +1,2 +2,0 +3,5 +5,0 +8,0 +12 +32 +18 +9 +3 −9 −21 +39 +25 +12,5 +4 −8 −20 −36 +83 +54 +40 +20 +120 −12 −28 −50 −85 −119 +208 +148000000 +140 −9,0 −15 −27 −39 +140 −12,5 −21 −33 −45 −61 +43 +140 −20 −28 −40 −52 −68 −90 −125 −159 +145 +85160...180 +1,2 +2,0 +3,5 +5,0 +8,0 +12 +32 +18 +9 +3 −9 −21 +39 +25 +12,5 +4 −8 −20 −36 +83 +54 +40 +20 +120 −12 −28 −53 −93 −131 +208 +148000000 +140 −9,0 −15 −27 −39 +140 −12,5 −21 −33 −45 −61 +43 +140 −20 −28 −40 −52 −68 −93 −133 −171 +145 +85<D≤H01H0H1H2H3H4G5H5JS5K5M5N5G6H6JS6K6M6N6P6F7G7H7JS7K7M7N7P7R7S7T7D8E8180...200 +2,0 +3,0 +4,5 +7,0 +10,0 +14 +35 +20 +10 +2 -11 -25 +44 +29 +14,5 +5 −8 −22 −41 +96 +61 +46 +23 +130 −14 −33 −60 −105 −149 +242 +172000000 +150 −10 −18 −31 −45 +150 −14,5 −24 −37 −51 −70 +50 +150 −23 −33 −46 −60 −79 −106 −151 −195 +170 +100200...225 +2,0 +3,0 +4,5 +7,0 +10,0 +14 +35 +20 +10 +2 −11 −25 +44 +29 +14,5 +5 −8 −22 −41 +96 +61 +46 +23 +130 −14 −33 −63 −113 −163 +242 +172000000 +150 −10 −18 −31 −45 +150 −14,5 −24 −37 −51 −70 +50 +150 −23 −33 −46 −60 −79 −109 −159 −209 +170 +100225...250 +2,0 +3,0 +4,5 +7,0 +10,0 +14 +35 +20 +10 +2 −11 −25 +44 +29 +14,5 +5 −8 −22 −41 +96 +61 +46 +23 +130 −14 −33 −67 −123 −179 +242 +172000000 +150 −10 −18 −31 −45 +150 −14,5 −24 −37 −51 −70 +50 +150 −23 −33 −46 −60 −79 −113 −169 −225 +170 +100<D≤H01H0H1H2H3H4G5H5JS5K5M5N5G6H6JS6K6M6N6P6F7G7H7JS7K7M7N7P7R7S7T7D8E8250...280 +2,5 +4,0 +6,0 +8,0 +12,0 +16 +40 +23 +11,5 +3 -13 -27 +49 +32 +16,0 +5 −9 −25 −47 +108 +69 +52 +26 +160 −14 −36 −74 −138 −198 +271 +191000000 +170 −11,5 −20 −36 −50 +170 −16 −27 −41 −57 −79 +56 +170 −26 −36 −52 −66 −88 −126 −190 −250 +190 +110250...280 +2,5 +4,0 +6,0 +8,0 +12,0 +16 +40 +23 +11,5 +3 −13 −27 +49 +32 +16,0 +5 −9 −25 −47 +108 +69 +52 +26 +160 −14 −36 −78 −150 −220 +271 +191000000 +170 −11,5 −20 −36 −50 +170 −16 −27 −41 −57 −79 +56 +170 −26 −36 −52 −66 −88 −130 −202 −272 +190 +110315...355 +3,0 +5,0 +7,0 +9,0 +13,0 +18 +43 +25 +12,5 +3 −14 −30 +54 +36 +18,0 +7 −10 −26 −51 +119 +75 +57 +28 +170 −16 −41 −87 −169 −247 +299 +214000000 +180 −12,5 −22 −39 −55 +180 −18 −29 −46 −62 −87 +62 +180 −28 −40 −57 −73 −98 −144 −226 −304 +210 +125<D≤H01H0H1H2H3H4G5H5JS5K5M5N5G6H6JS6K6M6N6P6F7G7H7JS7K7M7N7P7R7S7T7D8E8355...400 +3,0 +5,0 +7,0 +9,0 +13,0 +18 +43 +25 +12,5 +3 -14 -30 +54 +36 +18,0 +7 −10 −26 −51 +119 +75 +57 +28 +170 −16 −41 −93 −187 −273 +299 +214000000 +180 −12,5 −22 −39 −55 +180 −18 −29 −46 −62 −87 +62 +180 −28 −40 −57 −73 −98 −150 −244 −330 +210 +125400...450 +4,0 +6,0 +8,0 +10,0 +15,0 +20 +47 +27 +13,5 +2 −16 −33 +60 +40 +20 +8 −10 −27 −65 +131 +83 +63 +31 +180 −17 −45 −103 −209 −307 +327 +332000000 +200 −13,5 −25 −43 −60 +200 −20,0 −32 −50 −67 −95 +68 +200 −31 −45 −63 −80 −108 −166 −272 −370 +230 +135450...500 +4,0 +6,0 +8,0 +10,0 +15,0 +20 +47 +27 +13,5 +2 −16 −33 +60 +40 +20 +8 −10 −27 −65 +131 +83 +63 +31 +180 −17 −45 −109 −229 −337 +327 +332000000 +200 −13,5 −25 −43 −60 +200 −20,0 −32 −50 −67 −95 +68 +200 −31 −45 −63 −80 −108 −172 −292 −400 +230 +135

D mmIT8IT9IT10IT11IT12IT13IT14IT15IT16IT17IT18<D≤F8H8JS8K8M8N8U8D9E9F9H9N9P9D10H10A11B11C11D11H11B12H12H13H14H15H16H17H181...3 +20 +14 +70 - -4 -18 +45 +39 +31 +25 -4 -6 +60 +40 +330 +200 +120 +80 +60 +240 +100 +140 +250 +400 +600 -- +60 −7 −14 - −18 −32 +20 +14 +60 −29 −31 +200 +270 +140 +60 +200 +14000000 --3...6 +28 +18 +9 +5 +2 −2 −23 +60 +50 +40 +300 −12 +78 +48 +345 +215 +145 +105 +75 +260 +120 +180 +300 +480 +750 +1200 +1800 +100 −9 −13 −16 −20 −41 +30 +20 +100 −30 −42 +300 +270 +140 +70 +300 +14000000006...10 +35 +22 +11 +6 +1 −3 −28 +76 +61 +49 +360 −15 +98 +58 +370 +240 +170 +130 +90 +300 +150 +220 +360 +580 +900 +1500 +2200 +130 −11 −16 −21 −25 −50 +40 +25 +130 −36 −51 +400 +280 +150 +80 +400 +150000000010...18 +43 +27 +13 +8 +2 −3 −33 +93 +75 +59 +430 −18 +120 +70 +400 +260 +205 +160 +110 +330 +180 +270 +430 +700 +1100 +1800 +2700 +160 −13 −19 −25 −30 −60 +50 +32 +160 −43 −51 +500 +290 +150 +95 +400 +150000000018...24 +53 +33 +16 +10 +4 −3 −41 +117 +92 +72 +520 −22 +149 +84 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Võlli piirhälbed mikromeetrites (μm) DIN ISO 286
d mmIT01IT0IT1IT2IT3IT4IT5IT6IT7<d≤h01h0h1h2h3g4h4js4k4m4n4g5h5js5k5m5n5p5r5s5f6g6h6js6k6m6n6p6r6s6t6e7f7h7js7k7

Vaata ka
 Täpsus masinaehituses
 Tegelik mõõde
 Tolerants

Kategooria:Masinaehitus