Berlin Conference

Berlin Takpekpe si wowɔ le ƒe 1884–1885 nye dutanyigbadziɖuɖuwo ƒe kpekpe si wu enu kple asidede Berlin Se Gã la te,https://archive.org/details/belgiancongoberl00keituoft/page/56/mode/2up?q=stanley [1]nubabla si ku ɖe Europatɔwo ƒe dutanyigbadziɖuɖu kple asitsatsa ŋu le Afrika le Fiaɖuƒe Yeye ƒe ɣeyiɣia me. Otto von Bismarck, si nye Germany ƒe dziɖuɖumegã gbãtɔ, ye wɔ ɖoɖo ɖe dukɔ wuiene ƒe takpekpea ŋu le Leopold II si tso Belgium ƒe biabia nu.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yWEuj0PA_JYEkpe le November 15, 1884 dzi eye le heheɖemegbe megbe la, ewu enu le February 26, 1885 dzi esi wode asi Se Gã la te.Woateŋu abu Berlin ƒe Se Gã la be enye Afrika ƒe Aʋawɔwɔ si nɔ edzi yim xoxo la ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ le se nu.Takpekpea kpe asi ɖe Europa-dukɔwo ƒe dutanyigbadziɖuɖu ƒe ɣeyiɣi si dzi ɖe edzi la hehe vɛ ŋu, eye wogblɔna ɣeaɖewoɣi be eya gbɔe "Afrika ƒe kpa" 

.https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780195337709.001.0001/acref-9780195337709-e-0467Ke hã, agbalẽnyala aɖewo xlɔ̃ nu be woagagblɔ akpa si wòwɔ le Afrika ƒe mama le dutanyigbawo dzi me wòagbɔ eme o, eye wohe susu yi dukɔ eve ƒe nubabla gbogbo siwo wowɔ do ŋgɔ na takpekpea kple emegbe dzi.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin_Conference#cite_ref-Katzenellenbogen_5-0https://doi.org/10.1093%2Flril%2Flrv002https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin_Conference#cite_ref-Crowe_7-1Numekuku aɖe si wowɔ le ƒe 2024 me ɖee fia be liƒo siwo woɖo le takpekpea me koe nye Congo nutoa tɔ (eye wogbugbɔ trɔ asi le esiawo ŋu emegbe), eye be Afrika ƒe liƒo akpa gãtɔ mexɔ woƒe nɔnɔme mamlɛtɔ o vaseɖe ƒe blaeve kple edzivɔ megbe.https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0003055424000054 Wm. Gake Roger Louis lɔ̃ ɖe edzi be "Berlin Sea do ƒome kple Afrika ƒe mama ƒe zɔzɔme nyateƒe.

Wogblɔ nukpɔsusu bubu aɖe be Takpekpea ku ɖe gbegbe be woagaxɔ aʋawɔnu yeyewo na Afrika o. Woto tu si wotsɔna ƒoa tue vɛ nyitsɔ laa, si nye aʋawɔnu si tsrɔ̃a ame gbogbowo ɣemaɣi, eye ne woate ŋu axe mɔ ɖe esia nu le Afrika la, anye ne woate ŋu aɖu edzi kaba. Esi wònye be wogblẽa mɔxexeɖedɔa nu godoo ta la, ahiã vevie be woawɔ nu kaba. Ethiopia te ŋu xɔ egbegbe aʋawɔnuwo tso Fiaɖuƒe Russia si na Ethiopia te ŋu lé eƒe ɖokuisinɔnɔ me ɖe asi. Russiatɔwo ƒe Tɔtrɔ Kpata si dzɔ le ƒe 1917 me ye nye mɔxexeɖedɔ sia ƒe ku ƒe ɖiɖi.https://www.academia.edu/127828539/Ethiopia_and_Berlin_Keys_to_understanding_the_Ukraine_conflict/Dapo

Ganyawo hãe ʋã Europa-dukɔwo, elabena hoʋiʋli ɖe dzɔdzɔmenu gbogbo siwo le anyigbagã la dzi ŋu nɔ vevie ŋutɔ na dɔwɔƒewo ƒe ŋgɔyiyi kple kekeɖenudɔwo. Esi Europa-dɔwɔƒewo nɔ dzidzim ɖe edzi la, nu xoxowo abe rababa, tomenu, nyiɖu, kple kotoklobo ene na Afrika xɔ asi ŋutɔ. Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, ŋusẽ si wokpɔ le Afrika ƒe asi gãwo dzi na Europa-dukɔwo te ŋu dzra adzɔnu siwo wowɔ, si wɔe be ganyawo ɖu dzi le nunɔamesiwo kple asitsatsa me. Berlin Takpekpea na didi siawo va eme, eye wòna nuto siwo me kesinɔnuwo bɔ ɖo ƒe nyawo gbɔgblɔ le se nu eye wòɖo sewo be woatsɔ axe mɔ ɖe masɔmasɔ siwo le Europa-dukɔwo dome nu. Ganyawo ƒe hoʋiʋli si nɔ Britain kple France dome na wògahiã kpata be woakpɔ dukɔ siwo dzi woɖu ta hafi woawɔ dukɔ ɖeka kolia le nuto veviwo abe Congo-ƒuta ene me. Europa ƒe dɔwɔƒewo sɔ gbɔ si na wokpɔ asiwo le duta, si wɔe be Afrika-dukɔwo nye woƒe nu xoxowo nana kple Europatɔwo ƒe nutovɛwo hã zãlawo.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin_Conference#cite_ref-10https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin_Conference#cite_ref-11

wuiene siwo teƒenɔlawo nɔ la dometɔ adre – Austria-Hungary, Russia, Denmark, Netherlands, Sweden-Norway, Ottoman Fiaɖuƒea, kple United States – va aƒeme nunɔamesi aɖeke manɔmee le Afrika.

 Background(Nu si de megbe) 
Do ŋgɔ na takpekpea la, Europa dutadɔnunɔlawo te ɖe Afrika dziɖulawo ŋu eye Franseawo ƒe ŋgɔnɔlawo dze Lagos ƒe akpa aɖewo dzi xoxo abe alesi wowɔe le Ɣetoɖoƒenutowo me ene, to kadodo ɖoɖo kple nutoa me asitsahabɔbɔwo me. Le ƒe alafa 19 lia ƒe gɔmedzedze la, Europatɔwo ƒe akɔbli didi, si wozãna zi geɖe ɣemaɣi le atsyɔ̃ɖonuwo wɔwɔ me, na Europatɔ asitsala geɖewo va ge ɖe Afrika ƒe ememe asiwo me.[citation needed] Europa ƒe ŋusẽ kple ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ƒe akpawo nɔ ƒuta Afrika ko le ɣeyiɣi sia me elabena asitsaƒewo koe Europatɔwo ɖo (siwo wotsɔ tutɔdziʋuwo kpɔ ta na) vaseɖe afisia.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin_Conference#cite_ref-12

Le ƒe 1876 me la, Belgium Fia Leopold II, amesi ɖo Dukɔwo Dome Afrika Habɔbɔ eye wòkpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe edzi le ƒe ma ke me la, kpe Henry Morton Stanley be wòava kpe ɖe ye ŋu le numekuku kple "dekɔnu" wɔwɔ ɖe anyigbagã la dzi me. Le ƒe 1878 me la, woɖo Dukɔwo Dome Congo Habɔbɔ hã, eye ganyawo ƒe taɖodzinu geɖe wu nɔ esi gake egakpɔtɔ do ƒome kplikplikpli kple habɔbɔ si nɔ anyi tsã. Leopold ƒle duta gadelawo le adzame le Congo Habɔbɔa me, si wotrɔ ɖe fiaɖuƒedziɖuɖu ƒe taɖodzinuwo ŋu, eye "Afrika Habɔbɔ" nye dɔmenyohabɔbɔ koŋ.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neal_Ascherson

Amedzrowo kple dutanyanyuigblɔlawo wɔ akpa vevi aɖe le Berlin takpekpea ƒe nuƒolanɔƒe ɖoɖo me. Wowɔ anyigbamamawo ƒe nɔnɔmetatawo, wowɔ nubablawo kple nutoa me tɔwo, eye wodo ŋutinya siwo tae Europa keke ɖe enu ɖe ​​anyigbagã la dzi ta. Ame ŋkutawo abe Henry Morton Stanley ene wɔ mɔzɔzɔwo yi Congo-ƒuta ɖe Fia Leopold II teƒe. Ewɔ nubablawo kple nutoa me kplɔla siwo va zu Belgium ƒe ɖokuisinɔnɔ ɖe nutoa dzi emegbe. Dutanyanyuigblɔlawo wɔ dɔ mawo tɔgbe, henɔ didim be yewoakaka Kristotɔnyenye kple ɣetoɖoƒetɔwo ƒe dzidzenuwo ɖe anyigbagã la katã dzi. Zi geɖe la, dutanyanyuigblɔla siawo tsɔa woƒe taɖodzinuwo sɔna kple dutanyigbadziɖuɖu ƒe kekeɖenudɔwo. Wozã mawunyadɔgbedeha siwo woɖo ɖe nuto siawo me abe Europatɔwo ƒe dzidzenuwo ƒe nɔƒe gbãtɔwo ene, eye wotsɔ woƒe mawusubɔsubɔ ƒe taɖodzinuwo tsaka kple dunyahehe me taɖodzinuwo. Nyatakaka siwo tso anyigbayeyedilawo kple mawunyadɔgbedelawo gbɔ la ta Afrika be enye mɔnukpɔkpɔ ƒe anyigba eye wònye taɖodzinu deblibo na "dekɔnudɔdasi" la.

Tso ƒe 1878 va ɖo ƒe 1885 me la, Stanley trɔ yi Congo menye abe nyadzɔdzɔŋlɔla ene o ke boŋ abe Leopold ƒe amedɔdɔ ene, kple adzamedɔdasi be yeawɔ ɖoɖo ɖe nusi woava yɔ be Congo Free State ŋu le Berlin Takpekpea nutsotso le August 1885 me megbe kpuie.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin_Conference#cite_ref-Cornelis_14-0 Franseawo ƒe amedɔdɔwo ke ɖe Leopold ƒe ɖoɖowo ŋu, eye le esia ta la, France dɔ eya ŋutɔ ƒe anyigbayeyedilawo ɖe Afrika. Le ƒe 1881 me la, woɖo Franseawo ƒe ƒudzisrafomegã Pierre de Brazza ɖe titina Afrika, zɔ mɔ yi Congo ƒe ɣetoɖoƒekpa dzi, eye wòkɔ Franseawo ƒe aflaga ɖe Brazzaville si woɖo yeyee le afisi woyɔna fifia be Republic of Congo dzi. Mlɔeba la, Portugal, si gblẽ dutanyigbadziɖuƒe aɖe ɖi le nutoa me koŋ, si nɔ Kongo Fiaɖuƒe teƒenɔla si ƒe akpa gãtɔ megali o dzi ɣeyiɣi didi aɖe la, hã xɔ nutoa, si wotu ɖe nubabla xoxo siwo wowɔ kple Spain si nɔ anyi le Gbugbɔgaɖoanyi ƒe ɣeyiɣia me kple Katoliko-ha la dzi. Ewɔ nubabla kaba le February 26, 1884 dzi kple eƒe hadɔwɔla xoxo, Great Britain, be woaxe mɔ na Congo Habɔbɔa be wòagage ɖe Atlantik-ƒua me o.