Colombia

Colombia, nopo maya rasmi nga Republik Colombia, iso pogun ii poingiliu id Amerika Selatan miampai koiyonon kopulauan id Amerika Utara. Tana tagayo Colombia nopo nga mirontob miampai Rahat Caribbean id Utara, Venezuela id timur om timur laut, Brazil id tenggara, Peru om Ecuador id selatan om barat daya, Lautan Pasifik id barat, om Panama id barat laut. Abaagi o Colombia kumaa 32 jabatan. Watas Ibu Kota Bogota nopo nga kakadayan tagayo id pogun dii i nosiliu do tuan walai montok hab kousinan om koubasanan gulu. Koiyonon kakadayan do suai nopo nga kohompit do Medellín, Cali, Barranquilla, Cartagena, Santa Marta, Cúcuta, Ibagué, Villavicencio om Bucaramanga. Kiginayo o koiyonon di solinaab do 1,141,748 kilometer persegi (440,831 watu persegi) om kipopulasi kiikiro 52 juta. Opuhawang tinungkusan koubasanan ii kohompit do boros, ugama, naansakan om inus ii popokito do sajara dau sabaagi tana jajahan ii pinopiamung do roromu-roromu koubasanan ii noowit mantad imigrasi Eropah om Timur Tanga, miampai noowit do diaspora Afrika, om nogi mogikaakawo tamadun tulun Sandad di pogulu po. Boros Sepanyol nopo nga boros rasmi sundung do noiktiraf o boros suai id taang serantau ii nopo nga Creole, Inggilis om 64 boros suai.

 Sajara 

 Era pra Colombia 
kanan|thumb|Pita koiyonon koubasanan pra Colombia
Gama do koiyonon dau, wilayah Colombia baino nopo nga wawayaan tamadun koulunan gulu mantad Mesoamerika om Caribbean kumaa lembah Andes om Amazon. Kinorubaan arkeologi totos totuo' nopo nga mantad koiyonon Pubenza om El Totumo id Lembah Magdalena 100 kilometer barat daya Bogota. Nokoimpuun o koiyonon diti mantad zaman Paleoindian (18,000-8000 SM). Id Puerto Hormiga om koiyonon do suai, bagas kinorubaan do mantad Zaman Arkaik (~8000–2000 BC). Topod-topod dii nopo nga pinopokito do kiwaa mogiigiyon gulu id wilayah El Abra om Tequendama id Cundinamarca. Tombikar totos totuo' nogi nga norubaan id Amerika, id San Jacinto kitadauwulan do 5000-4000 BC.

 Geografi 
Geografi Colombia nopo nga kikouyuuyuo do onom koiyonon sandad ii popokito do kouyuo unik mantad koiyonon banjaran gunung Andes; rantai Pantai Pasifik; koiyonon pantai Caribbean; Llanos (gana); koiyonon talun rasam Amazon; kumaa koiyonon insular, mantad do pulou-pulou id koduuduo rahat Atlantik om Pasifik. Miilang iti do maritim miampai do Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, Jamaica, Haiti om Republik Dominican.

 Iklim  
Iklim Colombia nopo nga kikouyuo sabaagi variasi koposolimbahan tropika id suang onom koiyonon sandad tumanud do rinanggou, linasu, kosogubon, tongus om rasam. Kiwaa mogikaakawo zon iklim do Colombia kohompit no do talun rasam tropika, savana, gana sakot, gana togis om iklim nulu.

 Karajaan om politik 
Karajaan Colombia nopo nga id suang do rangka presidential participatory democratic  ii tinoodo do presiden id suang Porlombagaan 1991. Kopiagal miampai do prinsip popitongkiad kuasa, binaagi do karajaan kumaa tolu raan: raan eksekutif, raan porundangan om raan kohakiman.Colombian Constitution of 1991 (Title V – Concerning the organization of the state – Chapter 1 – Concerning the structure of the state – Article 113)

Sabaagi luguan raan eksekutif, Presiden Colombia nopo nga berkhidmat sabaagi luguan pogun om luguan karajaan, tonudon do Naib Presidon om Majlis Montiri. Pilion o presiden maya tundi kaanangan montok berkhidmat id iso penggal apat toun (ontok 2015, pinasaga do Kongres Colombia do pemansuhan pindaan perlembagaan 2004 ii minonimban rontob iso penggal montok presiden kumaa rontob duo penggal). Id taang wilayah kuasa eksekutif nopo nga nigitan do gabenor jabatan, datuk kakadayan perbandaran om pontadbir momogun montok subboogian pontabiran di lobi okoro miagal ko corregimientos toi ko' comunas.Colombian Constitution of 1991 (Title V – Concerning the organization of the state – Chapter 1 – Concerning the structure of the state – Article 115) Toinsanan pomilian raya wilayah nopo nga poindalanon do sontoun om limo wulan kalapas pomilian raya presiden.Colombian Constitution of 1991 (Title VII – Concerning the executive branch)
Raan porundangan karajaan nopo nga noobi maya nasional do Kongres, iso institusi drikameral mantad do 166 tirikohon Diwan Rakyat om 102 tirikohon Senat.Colombian Constitution of 1991 (Title V – Concerning the organization of the state – Chapter 1 – Concerning the structure of the state – Article 114)Colombian Constitution of 1991 (Chapter 4 – Concerning the senate – Article 171) Diwan Pogun nopo nga pinili maya nasional om Diwan Mongobi Rakyat ii nopili id watas pomilian raya.Colombian Constitution of 1991 (Chapter 5 – Concerning the chamber of representatives – Article 176) Puru koduuduo diwan nopo nga nopili montok berkhidmat solinaid apat toun duo wulan pogulu presiden ii maya do tundi kaanangan.Colombian Constitution of 1991 (Title VI – Concerning the legislative branch – Chapter 1 – Concerning its structure and functions – Article 132)

Raan kohakiman nopo nga binuruan do apat mahkamah takawas,Colombian Constitution of 1991 (Title VII – Concerning the judiciary branch – Chapter 2 – Concerning ordinary jurisdiction – Article 234) mantad do Mahkamah Agung ii manarampas kokomoi ahal keseksaan om sivil, Majlis Pogun ii kitonggungan poimbida montok undang-undang pontadbiran om nogi manahak pason undang-undang kumaa eksekutif, Mahkamah Porlombagaan ii kitonggungan montok mantamong integriti porlombagaan Colombia, miampai Majlis Takawas Kohakiman kitonggungan montok mongaudit raan kohakiman.Colombian Constitution of 1991 (Title VIII – Concerning the judiciary branch) Colombia nopo nga manarampas sistom undang-undang sivil mantad 1991 ii ginuno maya sistom pormusuhan
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 Ekonomi 

 Sukuon