Katana

Katana (刀, かたな, lit. 'one-sided blade') nopo nga gayang do Jepun di poinkilong-kilong, iso no mato, miampai guard di obulugu toi ko' apasagi om tiigitan di anaru montok pomogunoon koduo-duo longon. miampaicharacterized by a curved, single-edged blade with a circular or squared guard and long grip to accommodate two hands. Nakaharo iti alapas tachi, om ginuno do samurai ontok timpu feudal Jepun, oguno miampai mato pisau di pointuridong. Mantad po di timpu Muromachi, ogumu tachi laid pinutul mantad tonod om noinibaan, pisau id tonod nopo nga rinaag om nosimban kumaa katana.日本刀鑑賞のポイント「日本刀の姿」 Nagoya Touken Museum Touken World. Istila poimbida montok katana id Jepun nopo nga uchigatana (打刀, うちがたな, lit. 'gayang binadasan') om istila katana (刀) nopo nga kosoruan sumuku kumaa gayang di kimato iso no sompomogunan.日本刀と刀の違い Nagoya Japanese Sword Museum Touken World

 Etimologi om boros noolos 
Hogot katana igulu nokoimbulai id boros Jepun id Nihon Shoki ontok toun 720.   Istila diti nopo nga piomungan hogot do kata ("iso sisi, sampaping no") + na ("bilah), 1988,  (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan,  entry available online here2006,  (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, 1995,  (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, ,  entry available online here misuai miampai tsurugi i kiduo mato.

Poinsuang o katana id payat gayang nihontō family of swords, om kopisuai maya ninaru bilah dau (nagasa) i kolobi 2 shaku, ii nopo nga kira-kira 60 cm (24 inci).

Oilaan nogi katana sabaagi dai toi ko' daitō id pialatan tongoulun mantad Kotonobon di orohian do gayang, sundung pia daitō nopo nga ngaran koizaai montok nunu nopo gayang anganaru Jepun, maya literal kirati "gayang agayo".

Koduo-duo bontuk katanas om katana nopo nga otorimo id boros Inggilis tu boros Jipun nopo nga aiso bontuk mintootoiso om misompuro di misuai.

Roiton [katana], kun'yomi (basaon id Jepun) montok kanji  刀,  ii timpuunon nopo nga kirati bilah kimato iso (nunu nopo ninaru) id boros Cina,  nopo nga noolos sabaagi boros noolos do boros Portugis. d boros Portugis, istila diti (miampai ijaan catana) nopo nga kirati "pisau gayo" toi ko' or machete.

 Kointalangan 
Maya koizaai, ointalangan o Katana sabaagi gayang Jepun kisaiz standard, miampai kilong di asadang (misuai miampai tachi laid di lobi okilong) om ninaru bilah kolobi 60.6 cm (23.86 inci) (lobi ko' 2 shaku). Haro koulaalahon dau sondiri: bilah poinkilong, okoro-koro, iso no mato miampai guard obulugu toi ko apasagi (tsuba) miampai tiigitan anaru montok pomogunoon duo longon.

Miampai piipiro pengecualian, milo pisuayon o katana om tachi sokiro haro tandatunturu (mei), tumanud koiyonon do tandatunturu dii id tang (nakago). Koubasanan nopo, koluton o mei id boogian nakago i pointoguang soira pakayon o gayang dii. Sokiro tachi nopo nga apakai miampai mato bilah poinsoriba, om katana nopo nga apakai miampai mato bilah poinsawat, mei nopo nga id lokasi misulak id nakago.

Sajarawan mantad Kotonobon kiboros do katana nopo nga iso mantad ko' sanjata pomutul bobos tosonong id sajara susumangod pomogunan.Anthony J. Bryant and Angus McBride (1994) Samurai 1550–1600. Osprey Publishing. p. 49.  Sundung do ingkaa, sajanta toponsol id pisangadan ontok timpu Sengoku id abad ko-16 nopo nga yumi (pana), yari (tandus), tanegashima (senapang). Katana om tachi nopo nga oguno montok pisangadan osomok. Id timpu diti, taktik pisangadan nosimban kumaa pisangadan tinimungan do ashigaru (soujor mamanau) di ogumu. Mantad dii, amu nodii apakai o naginata om tachi om naalanan do yari om katana. Ontok timpu Edo di otoronong nodii, apangkal o kopomuganaon katana sabaagi sanjata. Id kolimpupuson timpu Edo, shishi (aktivis politik) nopo nga asaru misangod momoguno katana sabaagi sanjata toponsol diolo. Asaru nogi silihon do tutungkap o katana om tachi miampai daimyo (feudal lord) om samurai, toi ko' kapanahakan kumaa kami (sunduan asahang) id kuil Shinto, om nogi sabaagi simbol kagarasan om kerohanian kumaa tongosamurai.歴史人 September 2020. pp.40–43. History of Japanese swords "Muromachi period － Azuchi-Momoyama period". Nagoya Japanese Sword Museum Touken World.Arms for battle – spears, swords, bows. Nagoya Japanese Sword Museum Touken World.Kazuhiko Inada (2020), Encyclopedia of the Japanese Swords. p42. 

 Sajara 
Kapamansayan gayand id Jepun abaagi kumaa pipiiro timpu pointantu:Transition of kotō, shintō, shinshintō, and gendaitō. Nagoya Japanese Sword Museum Touken World

 Jōkotō (gayang purba, gisom kira-kira toun 900)
 Kotō (gayang laid manta kira-kira toun 900–1596)
 Shintō (gayang wagu 1596–1780)
 Shinshintō (gayang lobi wagu 1781–1876)
 Gendaitō (gayang moden toi ko' kontemporari 1876–dinondo

 Kotō (Gayang otuo') 
Katana nopo nga mantad do  sasuga (刺刀), iso tantō (gayang toniba toi ko' pisauI i gunoon do samurai kipangkat tosiriba di misangod miampai mamanau ontok timpu Kamakura (1185-1333). Sanjata tohontol diolo nopo nga naginata anaru, om sasuga nopo nga sabaagi sanjata koduo. Ontok timpu Nanboku-cho (1336-1392), ii nogi nga kotimpuunon timpu Muromachi (1336-1573), mumu-gumu o sanjata anaru miagal ko' ōdachi. Okon ko iri no' maru-naru o sasuga om nokoburu kumaa katana.歴史人 September 2020, p. 40. List of terms related to Japanese swords "Sasuga". Nagoya Japanese Sword Museum Touken World.  Haro nogi teori di kikomi do koshigatana (腰刀), iso tantō di gunoon do samurai kipangkat takawas miampai tachi nogi nga nokoburu kumaa katana maya poninduhai sajara di miagal do sasuga. Mantad dii, haro kaakaka do koduo-duo diti nopo nga nokoburu kumaa katana. Katana bobos otuo di kakal po haro gisom dinondo nopo nga ointutunan sabaagi Hishizukuri uchigatana, i nosupu ontok timpu Nanbokuchō om pinatahak kumaa Kuil Kasuga.Kazuhiko Inada (2020). Encyclopedia of the Japanese Swords, p. 43. 

Kopomogunoon koiso do hogot katana montok popointalang gayang anaru di misuai ko' tachinopo nga ontok kotimpuunon timpu Kamakura. Sukuon kumaa "uchigatana" om "tsubagatana" popokito kowoyo-woyoon gayang di misuai, gayang di amu kopio apagon gatang montok susumangod kipangkat osiriba. Tinumimpuun kira-kira toun 1400, gayang anaru ii natandatunturu miampai woyo-katana mei pinaasil. Iti nopo nga sabaagi tisuli kumaa samurai di momoguno tachi diolo id hombo dinondo ointutunan sabaagi "woyo katana" (miampai mato bilah poinsawat). Maya tradisional, oguno o gayang Jepun miampai mei poinsawat mantad momomoguno. Soira oguno o tachi id woyo katana, miampai mato bilah poinsawat, tandatunturu tachi nopo nga poinsala'. Fakta do tumimpuun o moomomonsoi gayang do  manain gayang miampai tandatunturu katana popokito do piipiro samurai ontok timpu dilo nopo nga tinumimpuun momoguno gayang diolo miampai woyo di misuai-suai.

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 Satō, Kanzan (1983). The Japanese Sword. Kodansha International.  ISBN 9780870115622.



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