Danube

The Danube ( ; di yuli n lahi nyɛ ) Mɔɣili din pahi buyi n nyɛ Mɔɣi karili Europe tingbanni, mɔɣili din yuli booni  Volga ka be Russia la nyaanga, dini n nya din paya galisim polo. Di nyɛla din zɔri kpari  Central mini Southeastern Europe, n yirina  Black Forest n kuni mɔɣili din yuli booni Black Sea la ni . Di nyɛla Mɔɣi kurili din mali taarihi, ka na min nyɛ silimiingi ni bɔli shɛli ni frontier la n-ti  Roman Empire.

Sahaŋɔ balishɛŋa zaa bɛ ni yari Danube basin tingbanni zaa nyɛla din pilla nyɛ din yina  Latin yuli   puuni:

LanguageNamePronunciation (IPA)Flow sequenceLatinDanubius, DānuviusN/AGermanDonau 1 Germany 2 AustriaBavarianDoanaN/ASilesianDōnajN/AUpper SorbianDunajN/ACzechDunajN/ASlovakianDunaj 3 SlovakiaPolishDunajN/AHungarianDuna 4 HungarySlovenianDonavaN/ASerbo–CroatianDunav / Дунав 5 Croatia6 SerbiaMacedonianДунавN/ARomanianDunăre,definite form Dunărea, definite form 7 Romania9 MoldovaBulgarianДунав (Dúnav) 8 BulgariaUkrainianДунай (Dunáj)10 UkraineGreekΔούναβης (Doúnavis)N/AFrenchDanubeN/AItalianDanubioN/APortugueseDanúbioN/ASpanishDanubioN/ARussianДунай (Dunáj)N/ATurkishTuna / طونهN/ARomanshDanubiN/AAlbanianDanub,definite form: DanubiN/A

International status

Flowseq.CountryBasinareaLocalnamePoints of interest1Germany7.0%DonauDonaueschingen – source2Austria10.0%DonauVienna – capital3Slovakia5.9%DunajBratislava – capital4Hungary11.6%DunaBudapest – capital5Croatia4.4%Dunav6Serbia10.2%DunavBelgrade – capital7Romania29.0%DunăreaDanube Delta – Black Sea8Bulgaria5.9%Dunav9Moldova1.6%Dunărea10Ukraine3.8%Дунай

Discharge

Year Mean annual discharge in m3/s (cu ft/s)Reni
IsacceaSilistraPristolBatina
BezdanNagymaros SzobBratislava
WolfsthalUntergries-bach2000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202220232024

Station Discharge (m3/s)Discharge (cu ft/s)MinMeanMaxMinMeanMaxCeatal Izmail1,8896,48914,673Reni, Isaccea1,8056,56414,820Zimnicea, Svishtov1,4116,01814,510Orșova1,6725,57213,324Veliko Gradište1,4615,55014,152Pančevo1,4545,31013,080Bogojevo9592,8898,153Bezdan, Batina7492,3537,043Mohács6672,3367,227Nagymaros, Szob6282,3337,057Bratislava6332,0597,324Vienna5061,9176,062Krems an der Donau5961,8455,986Linz4681,4514,783Hofkirchen2116381,943Regensburg1284441,330Ingolstadt83312965Ulm638153

 Period (CE)
 Scenario
 P
 T
 Q
 S
  mm
 in
 °C
 °F
 m3/s
 cu ft/s
 metric tons(millions)
 short tons(millions)
  LIA
  1530–1540
 Cool/dry
      1650–1660
 Cool/wet
      1709–1719
 Warm/wet
      1770–1780
 Warm/dry
      Modern
  1940–1950
 Cool/dry
      1960–1970
 Cool/wet
      1975–1985
 Warm/wet
      1990–2000
 Warm/dry


Discharge chronology

 Year
 m3/s
 cu ft/sYear
 m3/s
 cu ft/sYear
 m3/s
 cu ft/sYear
 m3/s
 cu ft/sYear
 m3/s
 cu ft/sYear
 m3/s
 cu ft/sReconstructed17421751176117711781179117431752176217721782179217441753176317731783179317451754176417741784179417461755176517751785179517471756176617761786179617481757176717771787179717491758176817781788179817501759176917791789179917601770178017901800180118111821183118411851180218121822183218421852180318131823183318431853180418141824183418441854180518151825183518451855180618161826183618461856180718171827183718471857180818181828183818481858180918191829183918491859181018201830184018501860186118711881189119011911186218721882189219021912186318731883189319031913186418741884189419041914186518751885189519051915186618761886189619061916186718771887189719071917186818781888189819081918186918791889189919091919187018801890190019101920Observed19211931194119511961197119221932194219521962197219231933194319531963197319241934194419541964197419251935194519551965197519261936194619561966197619271937194719571967197719281938194819581968197819291939194919591969197919301940195019601970198019811991200120112021198219922002201220221983199320032013202319841994200420142024 19851995200520152025 19861996200620162026 19871997200720172027 19881998200820182028 19891999200920192029 19902000201020202030 Multiannual average discharge 1742 to 2022: ~ 

ibutaries


 Iller (entering at Ulm)
 Lech
 Altmühl (entering at Kelheim)
 Naab (entering at Regensburg)
 Regen (entering at Regensburg)
 Isar
 Inn (entering at Passau)
 Ilz (entering at Passau)
 Enns
 Morava (entering near Devín Castle)
 Rába (entering at Győr)
 Váh (entering at Komárno)
 Hron (entering at Štúrovo)
 Ipeľ
 Sió
 Drava (entering near Osijek)
 Vuka (entering at Vukovar)18. Tisza (entering near Titel)
19. Sava (entering at Belgrade)
20. Timiș (river) (entering at Pančevo)
21. Great Morava (entering near Smederevo)
22. Mlava (entering near Kostolac)
23. Karaš (entering near Banatska Palanka)
24. Jiu (entering at Bechet)
25. Iskar (entering near Gigen)
26. Olt (entering at Turnu Măgurele)
27. Osam (entering near Nikopol, Bulgaria)
28. Yantra (entering near Svishtov)
29. Argeș (entering at Oltenița)
30. Ialomița
31. Siret (entering near Galați)
32. Prut (entering near Galați)

Cities and towns

Germany
Donaueschingen in the State of Baden-Württemberg – rivers Brigach and Breg join to form the Danube
Möhringen an der Donau in Baden-Württemberg
Tuttlingen in Baden-Württemberg
Sigmaringen in Baden-Württemberg
Riedlingen in Baden-Württemberg
Munderkingen in Baden-Württemberg
Ehingen in Baden-Württemberg
Ulm in Baden-Württemberg
Neu-Ulm in Bavaria
Günzburg in Bavaria
Dillingen an der Donau in Bavaria
Donauwörth in Bavaria
Neuburg an der Donau in Bavaria
Ingolstadt in Bavaria
Kelheim in Bavaria
Regensburg in Bavaria
Straubing in Bavaria
Deggendorf in Bavaria
Passau in Bavaria
Austria
Linz, capital of Upper Austria
Krems in Lower Austria
Tulln in Lower Austria
Vienna – capital of Austria and the most populous city on the Danube, where the Danube floodplain is called the Lobau, though the Innere Stadt is situated away from the main flow of the Danube (it is bounded by the Donaukanal – 'Danube canal').
Slovakia
Bratislava – capital of Slovakia
Komárno
Štúrovo
Hungary
Mosonmagyaróvár
Győr
Komárom
Esztergom
Visegrád – This section of the river is also called Danube Bend.
Vác
Szentendre
Göd
Dunakeszi
Budapest – capital of Hungary, the largest city and the largest agglomeration on Danube (about 3,300,000 people).
Szigetszentmiklós
Százhalombatta
Ráckeve
Adony
Dunaújváros
Dunaföldvár
Paks
Kalocsa
Baja
Mohács
Croatia
Vukovar
Ilok
Serbia
Apatin
Bačka Palanka
Čerević
Futog
Veternik
Novi Sad – regional capital of Vojvodina
Sremski Karlovci
Zemun
Belgrade – capital of Serbia
Pančevo
Smederevo
Kovin
Veliko Gradište
Golubac
Donji Milanovac
Kladovo
Bulgaria
Vidin
Lom
Kozloduy
Oryahovo
Nikopol
Belene
Svishtov
Ruse
Tutrakan
Silistra
Romania
Moldova Nouă
Orșova
Drobeta-Turnu Severin
Calafat
Bechet
Dăbuleni
Corabia
Turnu Măgurele
Zimnicea
Giurgiu
Oltenița
Călărași
Fetești
Cernavodă
Hârșova
Brăila – limit of the maritime sector of the Danube
Galați – largest port on the Danube
Isaccea
Tulcea
Sulina
Moldova
Giurgiulești
Ukraine
Reni
Izmail
Kiliia
Vylkove

Islands

Ada Kaleh Island
Ostrovul Mare, Gogoșu
Balta Ialomiței
Belene Island
Csepel Island
Čakljanac Island
Donauinsel
Forkontumac Island
Great Brăila Island
Great War Island
Island of Mohács
Koh Chang Island, Sremski Karlovci
Kozloduy Island
Margaret Island
Ostrovo (Kostolac)
Ostrovul Ciocănești
Ostrovul Mare, Islaz
Paradajz Island
, Novi Sad
Island of Šarengrad
Szigetköz
Island of Szentendre
Vardim Island
Island of Vukovar
Žitný ostrov

Important national parks
 Naturpark Obere Donau (Germany)
 Donauauen zwischen Neuburg und Ingolstadt (Germany) – map
 Nature protection area Donauleiten (Germany)
 Nationalpark Donau Auen (Austria) – map
 Chránená krajinná oblasť Dunajské luhy (Slovakia) – map
 Danube-Ipoly National Park (Hungary) – map
 Danube-Drava National Park (Hungary) – map
 Naturalpark Kopački Rit (Croatia) – map
 Gornje Podunavlje Nature Reserve (Serbia) – map
 Fruška Gora National Park (Serbia)
 Koviljsko-petrovaradinski rit Nature Reserve (Serbia)
 Great War Island Nature Reserve (Serbia)
 Đerdap National park (Serbia)
 Iron Gates Natural Park (Romania)
 Persina Nature Park (Bulgaria) – map
 Kalimok-Brushlen Protected Site (Bulgaria) – map
 Srebarna Nature Reserve (Bulgaria) – map
 Măcin Mountains Natural Park (Romania)
 Balta Mică a Brăilei Natural Park (Romania)
 Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve (Romania) – map
 Danube Biosphere Reserve in Ukraine

See also

 2006 European floods
Black Sea drainage basin
 Between the Woods and the Water, a travel book telling of a Danubian journey in 1934
 Danube Monarchy
 Danubian Principalities
 Executive Agency for Exploration and Maintenance of the Danube River
 The Ister, 2004 film
 List of cities and towns on Danube river
 List of crossings of the Danube
 Steamboats on the Danube

 Further reading 
 Lóczy, Dénes. The Danube: Morphology, Evolution, and Environmental Issues. In Avijit Gupta, ed., Large Rivers: Geomorphology and Management. 2nd Ed. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley-Blackwell, 2022, pp. 335–367. ISBN 9781119412601
 Sommerwerk, Nike, Jurg Bloesch, Christian Baumgartner, Thomas Bittl, Dubravka Cerba, Bela Csanyi, Grigore Davideanu, Martin Dokulil, Georg Frank, Iulia Grecu, Thomas Hein, Vladimir Kovac, Ilulian Nichersu, Tibor Mikuska, Karin Pall, Momir Paunovic, Carmen Postolache, Maja Rakovic, Cristina Sandu, Martin Schneider-Jacoby, Katharina Stefke, Klement Tockner, Ion Toderas, and Laurentia Ungureanu. The Danube River Basin. In Klement Tockner, Christiane Zarfl, and Christopher T. Robinson (eds.), Rivers of Europe, 2nd Ed. Cambridge, MA: Elsevier, 2022, pp. 83–181. ISBN 978-0-08-102612-0

Kundivihira

Notes

Sources

External links


 Danube watershed map and information from the World Resources Institute
 Danube Panorama Project 
 сайт о Дунае 
 Danube and the sport of rowing
 Danube image pool on Flickr
 Danube Tourist Commission  
 International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River

 Description of the Danube estuary in June 1877, The Times of London
Old maps of the Danube, Eran Laor Cartographic Collection, The National Library of Israel


*
Category:International rivers of Europe
Category:Geography of Bács-Kiskun County
Category:Geography of Europe
Category:Geography of Vojvodina
Category:Rivers of Austria
Category:Rivers of Bavaria
Category:Rivers of Bulgaria
Category:Rivers of Croatia
Category:Rivers of Germany
Category:Rivers of Hungary
Category:Rivers of Moldova
Category:Rivers of Romania
Category:Rivers of Serbia
Category:Rivers of Slovakia
Category:Rivers of Ukraine
Category:Rivers of Odesa Oblast
Category:Rivers of Baden-Württemberg
Category:Rivers of Upper Austria
Category:Rivers of Lower Austria
Category:Rivers of Vienna
Category:Bačka
Category:Banat
Category:Syrmia
Category:Border rivers
Category:Bulgaria–Romania border
Category:Croatia–Serbia border
Category:Hungary–Slovakia border
Category:Romania–Ukraine border
Category:Romania–Serbia border
Category:Federal waterways in Germany
Category:Articles containing video clips