Quakers

Quakers nyɛla ninvuɣ'shɛba ban be Religious Society of Friends ni, Dolodolo adiini balishɛli. Ban be din ni booni la taba zonima  ban niŋ dihitabili Bible, amaa shɛba daa booni ba la Quakers ka di daliri nyɛla ŋun daa pili lala laɣingu ŋɔ, George Fox, daa yɛli la jaaji ni "quake before the authority of God". Lala zonima ŋɔ bɔrimi ni sokam di shɛhira ni Naawuni. Bɛ shɛba nyɛla ban gindi niŋdi waazu, n-ti pahi Nontheist Quakers. Yuuni 2017, bɛ daa buɣisi ban bi balaga ka be din ni kalinli 377,557, vaabu 49% n-nyɛ ban be Africa ka vaabu 22% be North America.

Vaabu 89%  Quakers dunia zaa nyɛla ban be "evangelical and programmed" kparibɔɣiri ban jama jamdi ni yila yilibu. Bɛ nyɛla ban kpaŋsiri ashili mini dihitabili ni Naawuni, ni Dolodolo adinni zaŋ tam kalinli zuɣu. Religious Society of Friends nyɛla "Catechism and Confession of Faith (1673)", ka Quaker Robert Barclay daa yihili na. Richmond Declaration of Faith (1887) nyɛla Orthodox Friends ni daa taɣi deei shɛli pam.
Splits

Role of women

Lihi pahi
 The Light upon the Candlestick – a 17th-century tract which was popular among English Quakers
 List of Christian denominations




 Shakers

Kundivihira

Further reading



Margaret Hope Bacon, "Quakers and Colonization" Quaker History. 95 (Spring 2006), 26–43
Hugh Barbour and J. William Frost, The Quakers. (1988), 412 pp.; historical survey, including many capsule biographies online edition 

Philip Benjamin, Philadelphia Quakers in an Age of Industrialism, 1870–1920 (1976)
J. Brent Bill, Holy Silence: The Gift of Quaker Spirituality (2005), 
David Boulton, ed., 2006, Godless for God's Sake: Nontheism in Contemporary Quakerism. Dales Historical Monographs. 
Michael L. Birkel, Silence and Witness: The Quaker Tradition (2004),  (in the UK, )
William C. Braithwaite, The Beginnings of Quakerism. (1912); revised by Henry J. Cadbury (1955) online edition 
William C. Braithwaite, Second Period of Quakerism. (1919); revised by Henry Cadbury (1961), covers 1660 to 1720s in Britain
Howard H. Brinton, Friends for 350 Years (1965), 
Peter Brock, Pioneers of the Peaceable Kingdom. (1968) on Peace Testimony from the 1650s to 1900
Edwin B. Bronner, William Penn's Holy Experiment (1962)
G. B. Burnet, Story of Quakerism in Scotland. The Lutterworth Press (2007), Cambridge, 
Jennifer Connerley, Friendly Americans: Representing Quakers in the United States, 1850–1920 PhD dissertation University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (2006). 277 pp. Citation: DAI 2006 67(2): 600-A. DA3207363 online at ProQuest Dissertations & Theses
Wilmer A. Cooper, A Living Faith: An Historical and Comparative Study of Quaker Beliefs 2nd ed. (2000), 
A. Glenn Crothers, Quakers Living in the Lion's Mouth: The Society of Friends in Northern Virginia, 1730–1865. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 2012
Pink Dandelion, A Sociological Analysis of the Theology of the Quakers: The Silent Revolution (Lewiston, New York: Edwin Mellen Press, 1996), 
Pink Dandelion, The Quakers: A Very Short Introduction (2008), 
Adrian Davies, The Quakers in English Society, 1655–1725 (2000) 261 pp.
Robert Doherty, The Hicksite Separation. (1967), uses the new social history to inquire who joined which side
Mary Maples Dunn, William Penn: Politics and Conscience (1967)
J. William Frost, The Quaker Family in Colonial America: A Portrait of the Society of Friends. (1973), emphasis on social structure and family life
J. William Frost, "The Origins of the Quaker Crusade against Slavery: A Review of Recent Literature", Quaker History 67 (1978): 42–58. 
Jonathan Fryer, ed., George Fox and the Children of the Light (London: Kyle Cathie, 1991), 
Harvey Gillman, A Light that is Shining: Introduction to the Quakers (1988), 
George H. Gorman, Introducing Quakers (3rd revised reprint) (London: Quaker Home Service, 1981), 
Gerard Guiton, The Growth and Development of Quaker Testimony (2005), 
Thomas Hamm, The Quakers in America. (2003). 293 pp., strong analysis of current situation, with brief history
Thomas Hamm, The Transformation of American Quakerism: Orthodox Friends, 1800–1907. (1988), looks at the impact of the Holiness movement on the Orthodox faction
Thomas D. Hamm, Earlham College: A History, 1847–1997. (1997) 448 pp.
Jean Hatton, Betsy: The Dramatic Biography of Prison Reformer Elizabeth Fry (2005),  and 
Jean Hatton, George Fox: Founder of the Quakers (2007),  and 
Hubbard, Geoffrey, Quaker by Convincement. (1985),  and (1974), 
Joseph E. Illick, Colonial Pennsylvania: A History (1976). online edition 
H. Larry Ingle, First Among Friends: George Fox and the Creation of Quakerism (1994),  and (1996), 
H. Larry Ingle, Nixon's First Cover-up: The Religious Life of a Quaker President (2015), 
H. Larry Ingle, Quakers in Conflict: The Hicksite Reformation (1998), 
Sydney James, A People among Peoples: Quaker Benevolence in Eighteenth-Century America. (1963), broad-ranging study that remains the best history in America before 1800
Rufus M. Jones, Amelia M. Gummere and Isaac Sharpless. Quakers in the American Colonies (1911), history to 1775 online edition 
Rufus M. Jones, Later Periods of Quakerism. 2 vols. (1921), covers England and America until World War I.
Rufus M. Jones, The Story of George Fox. (1919) 169 pp. online edition
Rufus M. Jones, A Service of Love in War Time: American Friends Relief Work in Europe, 1917–1919 (1922) online edition
Ryan Jordan, "The Dilemma of Quaker Pacifism in a Slaveholding Republic, 1833–1865", Civil War History Vol. 53, (2007) online edition 
Ryan Jordan, Slavery and the Meetinghouse: The Quakers and the Abolitionist Dilemma, 1820–1865. (2007) 191 pp.
Thomas C. Kennedy, British Quakerism, 1860–1920: The Transformation of a Religious Community. (2001). 477 pp.
Rebecca Larson, Daughters of Light: Quaker Women Preaching and Prophesying in the Colonies and Abroad, 1700–1775 (1999) 399 pp.
James David LeShana, Heavenly Plantations': Quakers in Colonial North Carolina." PhD dissertation: University of California, Riverside 1998. 362 pp. DAI 2000 61(5): 2005-A. DA9974014 Fulltext: ProQuest Dissertations & Theses
Mark Minear, Richmond, 1887: A Quaker Drama Unfolds (1987), 
Rosemary Moore, The Light in Their Consciences: The Early Quakers in Britain 1646–1666 (2000) 314 pp. 
John A. Moretta, William Penn and the Quaker Legacy (2007), 
Michael Mullet, ed., New Light on George Fox (1624 to 1691) (1994), 
Gary Nash, Quakers and Politis: Pennsylvania, 1680–1726 (1968)
John Punshon, Portrait in Grey : A Short History of the Quakers (2nd ed.) (London: Quaker Books, 2006), 
Ane Marie Bak Rasmussen, A History of the Quaker Movement in Africa (1994) 168 pp.
Elbert Russell, The History of Quakerism (1942) online edition 
Harold Smuck, Friends in East Africa (Richmond, Indiana: 1987)
Douglas Steere, (1967) On Being Present Where You Are  Wallingford, Pa: Pendle Hill Pamphlet No. 151
Frederick B. Tolles, Meeting House and Counting House (1948), on Quaker businessmen in colonial Philadelphia
Frederick B. Tolles, Quakers and the Atlantic Culture (1960)
D. Elton Trueblood The People Called Quakers (1966)
John Michael Vlach, "Quaker Tradition and the Paintings of Edward Hicks: A Strategy for the Study of Folk Art", Journal of American Folklore Vol. 94 (1981)  
Karen Anna Vogel, Christmas Union: Quaker Abolitionists of Chester County, PA (2014) ,Murray Pura's Cry of Freedom Series, Volume 5
James Walvin, The Quakers: Money and Morals (1997) 243 pp.
Clarence H. Yarrow, The Quaker Experience in International Conciliation (1979) for post-1945

Primary sources

J. Brent Bill, Imagination and Spirit: A Contemporary Quaker Reader (2002) 
Amelia Gummere, ed. The Journal and Essays of John Woolman (1922) online edition
Rufus M. Jones, ed. The Journal of George Fox: An Autobiography online edition
Lucretia Coffin Mott, ed. Beverly Wilson Palmer, Selected Letters of Lucretia Coffin Mott, U. of Illinois Press, (2002) 580 pp.
Robert Lawrence Smith, A Quaker Book of Wisdom (1999) 
Jessamyn West, ed. The Quaker Reader (1962)  collection of essays by Fox, Penn and other notable Quakers

Children's books

 Marguerite De Angeli, Thee, Hannah! 
 Katherine Milhous
 The Egg Tree 
 Appolonia's Valentine 
 Brinton Turkle
 The Adventures of Obadiah 
 Obadiah the Bold 
 Rachel and Obadiah 
 Thy Friend, Obadiah 

External links
 Evangelical Friends Church, the largest Quaker association
 The Friends Evangel, Quaker publication 
 Evangelical Friends Mission, international Quaker mission work
 Richmond Declaration of Faith of the Religious Society of Friends (1887)
 Northwestern Yearly Meeting, Friends congregations in the western US
 Friends of the Light in England 
 Friends in Christ in Scotland
 Digital Quaker Collection: – a list of Christian Quaker literature
 Post Reformation Digital Library: a library of early modern Quaker texts
 Online resource for information from the Friends General Conference, a Liberal Quaker association
 Quaker Heritage Press publishes etexts of rare and out-of-print Quaker documents.
 Quaker News  collects and combines news from various Quaker Meetings and organizations into a single chronological “newsfeed”.


 Society of Friends Church history collection, Rare Books and Manuscripts, Indiana State Library


Category:1652 establishments in England
Category:Christian groups with universalist beliefs
Category:Christian mysticism
Category:Peace churches
Category:Protestant denominations established in the 17th century
Category:Religious organizations established in the 1650s
Category:Silence
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