Gur languages

Gur bala, bɛ ni lahi booni shɛli Central Gur bee Mabia, nyɛla din be "Niger–Congo bala ni. Bɛ tɔɣisirili la Sahelian mini savanna tiŋgbani yaɣa din be West Africa, din nima n-nyɛ: Burkina Faso yaɣa pam, ni south-central Mali, northeastern Ivory Coast, Ghana tuduu yaɣa mini Togo, northwestern Benin, ni southwestern Niger.  Gur bala bela m-be Nigeria. Lala n lahi nyɛli, Gur bali yini, Baatonum, nyɛla bɛ ni tɔɣisiri shɛli Benin northwest Nigeria.  Gur bali gansi dibaa ata yaha, Tusya, Vyemo ni Tiefo bala, nyɛla bɛ ni tɔɣisiri shɛli Burkina Faso.  Gur bali shɛli din gba lahi ka pubu, Miyobe, nyɛla bɛ ni tɔɣisiri shɛli Benin mini Togo. Lala n lahi nyɛli, Kulango, Loma mini Lorhon, nyɛla din tɔɣisiri Ghana, Ivory Coast mini Burkina Faso. Yaha, ban tɔɣisiri Mossi bela lahi be Senegal, ni ban tɔɣisiri Dagaare balli gba nyɛla ban be Cameroon. Samu bala din be Burkina Faso nyɛla Gur bala.

Typological features
Kamani Niger–Congo bala pam,  Gur bala tooi zooi la bachinamda; .Manessy (1968/71), Naden (1989) Gur bala ni ŋmani taba shɛm nyɛla di ni yirina noli ni shɛm. Di kuli ŋmanila Gur bala zaa tɔɣisiri mi ni nolini, ka Koromfé nyɛ din yi di ko. Gur bala kumsi leei nyɛla din ŋmani taba. Gur nyɛla bɛ ni buɣisi ka shɛli tɔɣisiri ni kumsi balibu buyi, amaa Oti-Volta mini shɛŋa nyɛla din mali bachinima kumsi buta.

Bɔhimbu taarihi
Comparative vocabulary
Bachinima kumsi shɛhira ni Gur balli:

Note: Teebuli ŋɔ yaɣa din mali laai waɣila, di bachi yini kanimina pɔi ni lala boobu ŋɔ, ka di zabibɔbigu sabbu doli na boobu maa nyaaŋa.

 Language (Village)  eye  ear  nose  tooth  tongue  mouth  blood  bone  tree  water  eat  name Proto-Central GurManessy, Gabriel. 1979. Contribution à la Classification Généalogique des Langues Voltaïques. (Langues et Civilisations à Tradition Orale, 37.) Paris: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique.      *me (Oti-Volta, Gurunsi)  *ye (Gurunsi, Kurumfe)      *ñam, *ñim (Oti-Volta, Kurumfe)  *ʔob, *ʔo  *tɪ (Oti-Volta, Gurunsi)  *ni, *ne; *nã (Oti-Volta, Gurunsi)  *di  *yɪɗ, *yɪd (Oti-Volta, Gurunsi) Kirma  yifelle / yifiŋa  tuŋu / tunni  mɛlle / miẽŋa  nyilaŋu / nyiene  dyumelle / dyumiẽŋa  nuŋu / nunni  tammã  kogwoŋu / kogonne  tibiu / tibinni  humma  w  yere Tyurama  yisiri / yinya  twõgo / tõnya  meare / miaga  nyirogu / nyiranya  nambene / namblaga  nogu / nõnya  toama  kukugogu / kukunya  tibikugu / tibinyinya  huma  owu  yiri / yiga Proto-GurunsiManessy, Gabriel. 1969. Les Langues Gurunsi: Essai d'application de la méthode comparative à un groupe de langues Voltaïques. (Bibliothèque de la SELAF, 12, 13.) Paris: SELAF.  *s₁l  *di₂/e/o(l/n)  *mi₁/e/o    *de/u₂(l)  *no₂/i₁  *ca    *ti₂/e  *le/a/o; *ni₂/a/o  *di₁  *yi₂(l/d) Lyélé  yir / yira  zyẽ / zyã  myél / myéla  yéél / yéla  médyolo / médyaalé  nyi / nya  gyal  ku / kur  kyoo / kyémé  nẽẽ  gyu  yil / yila Proto-Oti–VoltaManessy, Gabriel. 1975. Les Langues Oti-Volta. (Langues et Civilisations a Tradition Orale, 15.) Paris: SELAF.  *ni / *nun  *tʊ  *me  *n / *n  *lɪm / *lam; *z₂ɪ (?)  *noː  *z₁ɪm  *kob; *kpab  *yi / *tiː  *ɲa  *dɪ  *yi / *yʊ Dagbani  nini  tiba (pl.)  nyee  nyini  zinli  noli  ʒim  kɔbili  tia  kom  di  yuli Gourmanchéma (Fada N’Gourma)Prost, André. 1964. Contribution à l'étude des langues voltaiques. (Memoires de l'Institut Français d'Afrique Noire, 70.) Dakar: Institut Français d’Afrique Noire (IFAN).  numbu / nuni/nini  tubli / tuba  miali / miana  nyenli / nyena  lambu / landi  nyoabu / nyoane  soama  kpabli / kpaba  tibu / tidi  nyima  di  yeli / yela Mossi [Moore]  nifu / nini  tubre / tuba  nyõre / nyüya  nyende / nyena  zilemde / zilma  nore / nwɛya  zim  kõbre / kõaba  tiɣa / tise  kom  di  yure / yuyaFrafranifo / ninitʊbre / tʊbayõore / yõayẽnnɛ / yẽnazɪlɪŋa / zɪlɪsɪnõorɛ / nõazɪɪmkõbrɛ / kõbatɪa / tɪɪsɪko'omdiyʊ'ʊrɛ / yʊ'ʊra Dagaare [Dagara, Dagari]  mimir / mimie  tour / tubl  nyoboɣr / nyobogɛ  nyim / nyimɛ  zel / zelɛ  nwor / nɛ̃  zĩ  kobr / kobɛ  tiɛ / tir  kõwõ/kwõõ  di  yur / ye Proto-Eastern Oti–VoltaSambiéni, Coffi. 2005. Le Proto-Oti-Volta-Oriental: Essai d'application de la méthode historique comparative. (Gur Monographs, 6.) Köln: Cologne: Rüdiger Köppe.  *nuan-  *tuo-  *wuan-  *nin-  *dian-  *nua-  *yia-  *kuan-  *tie-  *nia-  *di-  *yi- BaribaWelmers, William E. 1952. Notes on Bariba. Language 28:82-103.  nɔnu, nɔni  so ~ soa, -su  wɛ̃ru  dondu  yara, -nu  nɔɔ (pl.?)  yem  kukuru  dã̀ã̀ (pl.?)  nim  tēm̄  yísìrū Natioro (Timba)Sawadogo, Tasséré. 2002. Rapport d'enquête sur le natioro. SIL Electronic Survey Reports (SILESR), 2003-005. SIL International.  ɲǎːpéjá  ɲàŋwà  mṹnṹpwã́  ɲĩ́nã́ŋɟɛ̄  nɛ̃́mɛ̃́sáː  pɛ́lːɛ̄  sjã́ːmĩ́  kàːkwà  súmwà  lwā  àʔɔ́lɪ̄  ɲĩ́nã́ Natioro (Niansogoni)  ɲĩ́kúpjé   jɪ̀pã̌   mṹnũ̀kũ̌   ɲínːáː   lámːjáː   nã́   tə́mǎ   nã́ŋkwáː   ʃjɛ̂   nṹmṹː   ìwɔ́nːã́   ínːã́  Natioro (Faniagara)  ɲã́pʊ̀ːnã́  ífwã̀nã́  ʔṹnṹfã̀nã́  ĩ́ndáːnã̀  nĩ́ŋsáːnã̄  nã́ːnã̀  tímĩ́nĩ́  kʊ́kánã̄  síːkénã́  nĩ́mĩ́nĩ̀  ɛ̀wòlòjɛ́  ínã́ːnã̄ MoyobeRongier, Jacques. 1996. Aperçu sur le mɔyɔbɛ. Cahiers voltaïques / Gur papers 1: 115-145.  mɛnɪ́bɛ̀ / ɪ̀nɪ́bɛ̀  kùtù / àtù  tíŋwáyí / áŋwáyí  tìní, kùní / aní  tìlénbí / àlénbí  ńnɔ́ɔ̀ / ínɔ́ɔ̀  ményɛ́ / ányɛ́  kúkɔ́hɔ́ / ákɔ́hɔ́  kùléé / àléé  mɪ́nɪ̀  li / lè  tìnyírì / ànyírì Kulango (Bouna)Prost, André. 1974. Description sommaire du koulango (dialecte du Bouna, Côte d'Ivoire). Annales de l'Université d'Abidjan, série H: linguistique 7. 21-74. piege / piewu  tengu / tenu  saŋa / sãum  kaɣangbo / kaɣam  delengbo / delemu  nɔɔɣɔ / nuom  tuɔm  zukukpo / zukum  diɛkɔ / diɛnu  yɔkɔ  dɪ  yukɔ / yum TiefoBerthelette, Carol; Berthelette, John. 2002. Sociolinguistic survey report for the Tiéfo language. SIL Electronic Survey Reports 2002-006. PDF.  éjú  ēnɑ̃́tō  ēmɛ́ʔɛ́  kɔ̃́ʔɔ̃́  mʲɔ̃̄  ēnwɔ̃́ʔɔ̃́  ɟɑ̄lɑ̄, tɾɔ̃̄  kɑ̄ūʔù  ʃɪ̃́ʔɪ́      éjɛ́ Viemo (Diosso)Berthelette, John. 2002. Sociolinguistic survey report for the Vigué (Viemo) language. SIL Electronic Survey Reports 2002-009. PDF.  gĩ́ːɾɔ̀  cũ̄ljɔ̀  mūmúɾō  kɑ̃́ːdɔ̄  lɑ̃́ːtīɾɔ̄  ŋɑ̃́  kjíːmō  fūfūɾɔ́  sóbò  númōɔ  nũ̄ɔ̃  índō Viemo (Soumaguina)  ɟĩ́ɾɔ̄  tuĩ́jɔ̄  mūmṹɾɔ̄  kɑ̃̄ːnɔ̄  lɑ̃́tīɾɔ̄  ɲɑ̄  tíɛ̄mɔ̄  fúfūɾɔ̄  sóbɔ̀  númɔ̄  jṹnũ̄ɔ̃̄kɛ̀  ĩ́dɔ̄ Samo, Maka (Toma)Berthelette, John (2002). Survey report on the San (Samo) language. SIL Electronic Survey Reports 2002-005. (PDF)  jǐ  to  ɲɛ̃  sɔ  lɛwɔ  lɛ  mɑ̀  wɛ  mú  dɑ  ɑ̀mɑ́mbíː   Samo, Matya (Kouy)  jɛrːɛ  toro  jiːni  sɔ̃ːnɛ  nɛnɛ  lɛ  mɪjɑ̀  jɛrɛ  mú  dɑ́  ɑnebɑ́rè   Samo, Maya (Bounou)  ɲoːnì; jɛrɛ  toro  ɲinijɛrɛ  so  leːnè  lɛ  mɑ̌  jɑre  mu  dɑ  ɑfɑ́bjèrè   Téén  hinbiye / hinbu  tenike / tenu  mɪtɪyaka / mɪtɪyɔ  kamaka / kaamʊ  delenge / delemu  nʊfɪya / nʊfɪyɔ  tɔbɔ (pl)  kpoloko / kpolowo  dɪyaa / dɪwɔ  ɔkɔ / ɔwɔ  dɪ  yɪraa / yɪrɔ Toussian, South [Win]  nyi / nyɛ  nigi / ni  mene / menenã  nyin / nyinɛ  nampar / namparnã  ṽiãʔ-lɛ / ṽiɛ-nɛ̃  tõ  kəgbeke / kəgbal  sesuo-lɛ / sesar-lɛ  nĩ  nyõ  nyin Toussian, North (Guéna-Kourinion)  nyi / nyɔ  ni/nãn / ninã/nœnnã  mle / mlənã  nyen / nyennã  nenpüœra  via/ṽiã / wẽy  tiõ/tõ  kəble / kəblenâ  sepwel / sepyi       Siamou [Sɛmɛ]  nya/nyábí/nyábi  tà-syẽ̀ / tàsyẽ̀  már  nyèn / nyěn  dɛ / dɛ́  kõ̀ / kẽ  tṍ  kpár / kpar  timõ / timẽ  nũ  di  ỹi Mambar  nyíí / nyíî  nyuweŋ / nyuwɛyɛ  munna / munnaʔa  gã / gãʔa  nyire / nyiree  nyu / nyüyi  ʃiʃi  katyiɣe / katyiye  ʃiɣe / ʃire  loeʔoe  di  mbaɣe / mbɛyɛ Senar (Kankalaba)  nyini / nyinyẽy  nupaɣa / nupay  funan / funãge  gẽ/gan / gãgẽ  nyini / nyirke  nyuɣu / nyuy  sisyẽkɛ  kayige / katyiye  tiɣe / tĩyi/tĩr  Dogo  di  mɛɣɛ Tenyer  yɛde/yade / yɛgyɛ/yagyɛ  dyigi / dyii  mənɛ / məligɛ  nkan / nhagal  nyinkan / nyẽhegal  nye / nyey  tuno  kyilige / kyileri  katyigi / katyir  lɔgɔ  di  migɛ / mii

Numerals
Comparison of numerals in individual languages:

 Classification  Language  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  10 Bariba  Baatonum (1)  tía  ìru  ìta  ǹnɛ  nɔɔbù  nɔɔbù ka tía > nɔɔbatía (ka = and)  nɔɔbù ka ìru > nɔɔbaìru  nɔɔbù ka ìta > nɔɔbaìta  nɔɔbù ka ǹnɛ > nɔɔbaǹnɛ  ɔkuru Bariba  Baatonum (2)  tiā  yìru  ìta / yìta  ǹnɛ  nɔ̀ɔbù  nɔ̀ɔbâ tiā (5 + 1)  nɔ̀ɔbá yìru (5 + 2)  nɔ̀ɔbâ yìta (5 + 3)  nɔ̀ɔbâ ǹnɛ (5 + 4)  wɔkuru Central Gur, Northern, Bwamu  Buamu  dòũ̀  ɲuː  tĩː  náː  hònú  hèzĩ̀ː (5 + 1)  hèɲuː (5 + 2)  hètĩː (5 + 3)  dènú  pílú Central Gur, Northern, Bwamu  Cwi Bwamu  dòòn  ńɲūūn  ńɔlĩ̄īn  ńnáā  hòó  hòódwĩ̀ (5 + 1)  hòòɲū (5 + 2)  hɔ̀ɔ̀ˀlĩ̄ (5 + 3)  dĩ̀í́  ˀɓúrúù Central Gur, Northern, Bwamu  Láá Láá Bwamu  dò  ńɲɔ  ńtĩ  ńnɛ́  hùanú  hùezĩn (5 + 1)  hòoɲu (5 + 2)  hɔ̀ɔtĩ (5 + 3)  dĩ̀iní  píru Central Gur, Northern, Kurumfe  Koromfé  -ndom / ɡadɔm  ɪhĩĩ  ɪtãã  ɪnãã  ɪnɔm  ɪhʊrʊ  ɪpɛ̃ɛ̃  ɪtɔɔ  ɪfa  fi Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Buli-Koma  Buli  -yéŋ / wà-ɲī  bà-yɛ̀  bà-tà  bà-nààsì  bà-nù  bà-yùèbì  bà-yòpɔ̄āī  nāāniŋ  nèūk  pī Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Buli-Koma  Konni  kààní  àbɛ́lí / àlî  àbátá / àtâ  àbánìsà / ànísà  àbánʊ̀ / ànʊ́  ńyúóbìŋ  m̀pṍĩ̀  ǹníŋ̀ / àníì  ŋ̀wɛ́  m̀bâŋ Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Eastern  Biali  cə̄rə̄- / cə̄rə̄má (counting)  dyā  tāārī / tāārə̄  nààsī / nààrə̄  nùm  hã̀dwàm  pèléī  nēī  wáī  pwíɡə̄ Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Eastern  Ditammari (1)  -béé, dèǹnì (counting)  -dyá, dɛ́ɛ́, diání  -tããtī  -nàà  -nùmmù  -kūà  -yīēkà  -nì  -wɛ̄  [tā]píítà Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Eastern  Ditammari (2)  denni  dɛɛni  tâati / tâadi  náà  numu  kuɔ  nyiekɛ  nni  nwɛi  tɛpiitɛ Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Eastern  Mbelime  yɛ̃nde  yēdē  tāātē  naasi  nummu  dūo  doodɛ̄  ninyɛ̃̄  wɛ̄ī  kɛ̄ piíkɛ Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Eastern  Waama  yòn  yɛ́ndí  táárí  náásì  nùn  k͡pàrùn  bérén  nɛ̃̀í  wɛ̃̀í  pííkà Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Gurma  Gurma  yèndó  -lié  -tà  -nà  -mù  -luòbà  -lèlé  -nìː  -yìa  píìɡà Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Gurma  Konkomba  -bàa  -lèe  -tàa  -nāa  -nmúu  -lúub  -lílé  -niín  -wɛ́ɛ  píìk Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Gurma  Mɛyɔ́pɛ (Sola)  nni (-sɛ)  -tɛ́  tɑɑni (-tɑɑni)  nnɑ (-nɑ)  nnupũ (-nupũ)  kouulṹ (-kpuulũ)  sɛ́ɛ́i (-sɛɛi)  kɛpɑhɑ (-pɑhɑ), mɛtɛ́ ɑ́mɛ we kɛfi  kɛlɛɛ́, mɛsɛ ɑ́mɛ we kɛfi  kɛfi Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Gurma  Nateni (1)  -cɔ̃̄, dèn, dènà (counting)  -dɛ́ɛ́, dɛ́ń  tã̄lī, tã̄di  nàhĩ̀  nùm̀  kɔ̄lì, kɔ̀dì  yēhì  nīì  wɔ́ì  pítā Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Gurma  Nateni (2)  màcɔ̃́  dɛ́ɛ́  tãdi  nàhì  nùm̀  kɔ̀dì  yehì  niì  wɔ́ì  píta Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Gurma  Ngangam (1)  mikpìɛkm  milíém  ńta  ńnàn  ńŋùn  ńlùòb  ǹlòlé  ǹnìín  ǹwɛ  píík Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Gurma  Ngangam (2)  miba  mile  mita  minan  miŋun  miluob  milole  miniin  miwɛ  piik Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Gurma, Moba  Bimoba  yènn  -lè  -tà  -ná  -ŋmú  -loòb  -lòlé  -niìn  -yià   Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Gurma, Moba  Moba  jènǹ  ŋáńlé / ńlé  ŋáńtāː / ńtāː  ŋánnâ / nnâ  ŋáńmû / ńmû  ŋáńlɔ́ːb̀ / ńlɔ́ːb̀  ŋáńlílé / ńlílé  ŋáńníːń / ńníːń  ŋáńwáī / ńwáī  píːɡ̀ Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Gurma, Moba  Ntcham  ǹ.-bá /-bɔ́, m̀-báá (enumerative)  ǹ.-lí, ǹ-léé (enumerative)  ǹ.-ta, ǹtàà (enumerative)  ǹ.-nàà, ǹnàà (enumerative)  ǹ.-ŋmòò, ŋ̀-ŋmòò (enumerative)  ǹ.-lùù, ǹ-lùù (enumerative)  ǹ.-lùlí, ǹlùlí (enumerative)  ǹ.-nìì, ǹníí (enumerative)  ǹ.-wá / -wɔ, ŋ̀wáá (enumerative)  sààláá, sààláá (enumerative) Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Gurma, Ntcham  Akaselem  m̀bá  mbìlé  ǹtà  ǹnàà  m̀ŋmɔ̀  ǹlòòbè  ǹlòlé  ǹɲìì  ŋ̀wɛ̀ʔ  pʷíʔ Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Western, Nootre  Notre  yómbó  njéntà  ntáátí  nnáásí  nnú  nyúapè  npwɛ̀  nnii  nwà / ŋwà  píá Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Western, Northwest  Farefare  yénnó  yì  tã́  n náásí  n núú  n yòòbí  n yòpɔ́í  n níí  n wɛ́í  píá Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Western, Northwest  Mòoré  yé/yémbre  yì /yìibú  tã̀ /tã́abo  náase  nú  yòobé  yòpoé  níi  wɛ́  píiɡa Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Western, Northwest  Safaliba  àyàʔ  àyîʔ  àtâʔ  ànáásí  ànúú  àyòòbí  àyòpõ̀ĩ̂  ànɪ́ɪ̀  àwã̀ĩ̂  pẽ́ẽ́, pĩ́ẽ́ Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Western, Northwest  Wali  bʊ́ŋjɪ̀ŋ ('one thing') / jíntì ('one)  ájì ('two thing') / jéé  átà / tàà  ánááhì / nááhɪ̀  ánú / nùù  ájʊ̀ɔ̀biɛ́ / jʊ̀ɔ̀bɛ́  ájúpúì / jʊ̀púi  ánì / nìì  áwɛ́ɪ́ / wáì  píé / píé Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Western, Northwest, Dagaari-Birifor, Birifor  Malba Birifor  bõ-ƴén (bomƴén)  áyi  ata  ánãan  ãnũun  ayʊɔb  ánũu-nɪ-áyi (5 + 2)  ánũu-nɪ-ata (5 + 3)  pié for bir  pié Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Western, Northwest, Dagaari-Birifor, Birifor  Southern Birifor  boyæn  ayi  ata  anaar  anuu  ayʊɔb  ayopoin  aniin  pie for bir  pie Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Western, Northwest, Dagaari-Birifor, Dagaari  Northern Dagaara  bõ-yen / bõe (thing-one)  ayi  ata  anaar  anũu  ayʊɔb  ayɔpõe (six-one)  anĩi  awaɪ / pi-waɪ  pie Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Western, Northwest, Dagaari-Birifor, Dagaari  Southern Dagaare  bòn yéní / yenti  -yé / ye  -tà / ta  -nádɪ / nadɪ  -nù / nu  -yʊ̀ɔ́ / -yʊ̀ɔ́bʊ́ / yʊɔ  -yʊ̀ɔ́pɔ̃́ɔ̃́ / pɔ̃ĩ  -nìì / nii  -wáì / waɪ  píé Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Western, Southeast  Dagbani (Dagomba)  ndààm, yín-ó, yín-í  -yí  -tá  -náhí  -nú  -yóbù  -yòpóìn  -níì  -wéy  píá Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Western, Southeast  Hanga  -yɪnnɪ / lʊ̀ŋ̀kʷɔ́  ʌ́yíʔ  ʌ́tʰʌ́ʔ  ʌ́nʌ́ːsɪ  ʌ́nʊ́  ʌ́yóːbʊ̀  ʌ́yʌ́pʷòⁱ  ʌ́níː  ʌ́wáⁱ  pʰíːʌ́ Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Western, Southeast  Kamara  yínè  áyi  áta  ánâsɛ  ánú  áyɔ̀wí  áyɔ̀poi  ánnî  awàɛ  píyá Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Western, Southeast  Kantosi  yéní  a-yí  a-tá  a-násí  a-nú  a-yóbù  a-yàpóì  a-níì  a-wài  píá Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Western, Southeast  Kusaal  àɾàkṍʔ / àdàkṍʔ  àjí  àtá  ànáasíʔ  ànú  àjɔ̀ɔbíʔ / àjɔ̀ɔbʊ́ʔ  àjɔ́póéʔ  áníi  àwáíʔ  píi Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Western, Southeast  Mampruli  yɪ́nní / ndààm (in counting)  a-yí  a-tá  a-náásí  a-nú  a-yóóbù  a-yòpɔ̃́ì / -yòpwè  a-níì  a-wã̀y  pííyá Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Yom-Nawdm  Nawdm  m̩̀hén  m̩̀ɾéʔ  m̩̀tâʔ  m̩̀náː  m̩̀nû  m̩̀ɾòːndí  m̩̀lèbléʔ  m̩̀nìːndí  m̩̀wɛ́ʔ  kwíʔɾí Central Gur, Northern, Oti-Volta, Yom-Nawdm  Yom (Pila)  nyə̌ŋ- / nyə̌rɣə-  -li  -ta  -nɛ̀ɛ̀sə̀  -nù  -lèèwə̀r  -nùɣa -li ('five and two', ɣa > 'and')  -li k͡pa fɛɣa (' two are not in ten ')  nyə̌ŋ- /nyə̌rɣə- k͡pa fɛɣa  fɛɣa Central Gur, Southern, Dyan  Dyan (1)  bɛ̃̀ɡ / bɪ̀ɛlè  yèɲɔ̃̀  yèthɛ̃̀sì  yènàa  dìemà  mɔ̀lɔ̀dũ̀ (5 + 1)  mɔ̀lɔ̀ɲɔ̃̀ (5 + 2)  mɔ̀lɔ̀thɛ̃̀sì (5 + 3)  nĩ́kpó-cí-bèrè (10 - 1) ?  nĩ́kpó Central Gur, Southern, Dyan  Dyan (2)  bɛ̃ɡ / bɪɛle  yenyɔ̃  yethɛ̃si  yenaa  diema  mɔlɔdũ (5 + 1)  mɔlɔnyɔ̃ (5 + 2)  mɔlɔthɛ̃si (5 + 3)  nĩkpo-ci-bere (10 - 1) ?  nĩkpo Central Gur, Southern, Gan-Dogose  Dogosé  tìkpóʔ  ìyɔ̰́ʔ  ìsá̰a̰ʔ  ìyḭ̀i̬ʔ  ìwà̰aʔ  mà̰ nḭ̀ póʔ (5 + 1)  mà̰ nḭ̀ yɔ̰́ʔ (5 + 2)  mà̰ nḭ̀ sá̰a̰ʔ (5 + 3)  mà̰ nḭ̀ yḭ̀i̬ʔ(5 + 4)  ɡbùnè Central Gur, Southern, Gan-Dogose  Kaansá (Kaansé)  tʰik̩͡po  ɛɲɔ̰  isãa  ɛɲee  ɛmwãa  maʔnik͡po (5 + 1)  maʔniyɔ̃ (5 + 2)  maʔnisãaʔ (5 + 3)  k͡ponko (10 - 1) ?  k͡pooɡo Central Gur, Southern, Gan-Dogose  Khisa (Komono)  ílèŋ  ád͡ʒɔ̃̀ŋ  átʰɔ̀ʔ  ádàa  ánɔ̃̀n  nɔ̀k͡pòŋ (5 + 1)  nɔ̀́d͡ʒɔ̃̀ŋ (5 + 2)  nɔ́tʰɔ́ʔ (5 + 3)  nɔ̀dáa (5 + 4)  hʊ̀ k͡pélé / sínʊ̃y Central Gur, Southern, Grusi  Kassem (1)  kàlʊ̀  ǹlè  ǹtɔ̀  ǹnā  ǹnū  ǹdʊ̀n  ǹpɛ̀  nānā  nʊ̀ɡʊ̄  fúɡə́ Central Gur, Southern, Grusi  Kasem (2)  kàlʊ̀  ǹlè  ǹtɔ̀  ǹnā  ǹnū  ǹdʊ̀n  m̀pɛ̀  nānā  nʊ̀ɡʊ̄  fúɡə́ Central Gur, Southern, Grusi  Kasem (3)  kàlʊ/ dìdʊǎ  ǹlè / ǹlèi  ǹtɔ̀  ǹnā  ǹnū  ǹdʊ̃̀  m̀pɛ̀ / m̀pwɛ̀  nānā  nʊ̌ɡʊ /nǒɡo  fúɡə Central Gur, Southern, Grusi  Lyélé  èdù  sə̀lyè  sə̀tə̀  sə̀na  sə̀nu  ʃə̀ldù (5 + 1) ?  ʃàlpyɛ̀ (5 + 2) ?  lyɛlɛ  nə̀bɔ́  ʃíyə́ Central Gur, Southern, Grusi  Northern Nuni  ùdù  bìlə̀  bìtwàà  bìna  bìnu  badù  bàpà  lɛlɛ  nìbu  fíɡə́ Central Gur, Southern, Grusi  Southern Nuni  nə̀dʊ̀  bə̀lə̀  bàtwà  bànīān  bònū  bàrdʊ̀  bàrpɛ̀  nānā  nʊ̀ɡʊ́  fúɡə́ Central Gur, Southern, Grusi  Pana  ténɡí  ɲìí  cɔ́ɔ̀  nàasí  nṍn  nõ̀mpí  nõ̀ncó  bàndá  ɟèefó  fó Central Gur, Southern, Grusi, Eastern  Bago-Kusuntu  ŋʊrʊk͡pák͡pá  bààlɛ̀  bàtòòro  bànásá  bàànʊ́  lèèjò  lʊ̀ŋlè  ɖìk͡pèèrè  kàkààrè /ŋʊrʊk͡pák͡pá tá sàlá (10 -1)  sàlá Central Gur, Southern, Grusi, Eastern  Bogoŋ (Cala / Chala)  -re-, rʊ, -dʊ́ndʊlʊŋ  -la  -tooro  -náárá  -nʊ́ŋ  lʊʊrʊ  lɪkaarɛ  jiŋináárá (4 + 4) ?  saŋɡʊ́  ɡifí Central Gur, Southern, Grusi, Eastern  Delo  daale  ala  atooro  anaara  anoŋ  looro  nyetooro (10 - 3) ?  ɡyanaara (2 x 4) ?  kadaale (10 - 1) ?  kufu Central Gur, Southern, Grusi, Eastern  Kabiyé  kʊ́yʊ́m  nàálɛ̀  nàádozó  nàã́zá  kàɡ͡bã́nzì  loɖò  lʊ̀bɛ̀  lùtoozo  nakʊ̀  híu / náánʊ́wá Central Gur, Southern, Grusi, Eastern  Lama (Lamba)  kóɖə́m  násə̂l  nàsìsɨ̀  násə́násá  násə́ná  lə̀ɖə̀  naosanautɨsɨ (4 + 3)  násə́nnásá (4 + 4)  nàkò  hʲú Central Gur, Southern, Grusi, Eastern  Lukpa  kʊ̀lʊ̀m  naalɛ̀  tòòsó  naasá  kàk͡pásɪ̀  náátòsò (2 x 3 ??)  náátòsò m̀pɔ̀ɣɔ̀laɣá (6 + 1)  pə́lé fɛ́jɪ́ (- 2)  pɔ̀ɣɔ̀láɣáfɛ́jɪ́́ (- 1)  náánʊ́á Central Gur, Southern, Grusi, Eastern  Tem (1)  káɔ́ɖe  sííɛ̀  tóózo  nááza  nʊ́ʊ́wa  loɖo  lʊbɛ  lutoozo  kéénííré  fuú Central Gur, Southern, Grusi, Eastern  Tem (2)  káɔ́ɖe  sííɛ̀  tóózó  náázá  nʊ́ʊ́wa  loɖo  lʊbɛ  lutoozo  kéénííré  fuú Central Gur, Southern, Grusi, Western  Chakali  dɪ́ɡɪ́máná / dɪ́ɡɪ́máŋá  álìɛ̀  átʊ̀rʊ̀ / átʊ̀lì / á-tòrò  ànáásì  āɲɔ̃̄  állʊ̀rʊ̀ / állʊ̀lʊ̀  àlʊpɛ̀ / lʊ́pɛ̀  ŋmɛ́ŋtɛ́l  dɪ́ɡɪ́tūū (10 - 1) ?  fí Central Gur, Southern, Grusi, Western  Deg (Degha)  beŋk͡paŋ / k͡pee (for counting only)  anɛ / nɛɛ  atoro / tooro  anaarɛ / naarɛ  anue / nue  anʊmɛl / nʊmɛl (5 + 1)  anʊanɛ / nʊanɛ (5 + 2)  anʊatoro / nʊatoto (5 + 3)  anʊanaarɛ / nʊanaarɛ (5 + 4)  fi Central Gur, Southern, Grusi, Western  Paasaal (Passale)  kɪ́dɪ́ɡɪ́ / dííŋ  bàlìyà / lìyà  bòtò / tóó  bànāā / náá  bɔ̀nɔ̀ŋ / nɔ́ɔ́ŋ  bàdʊ̀ / dʊ́ʊ́  bàpɛ̀ / pɛ́ɛ́  kyórí / kyórí  níbí / níbí  fí / fí Central Gur, Southern, Grusi, Western  Phuie (Puguli)  déò / dùdúmí  ʔɛ̃́ɛ̃́  ʔárʊ̀  ànɛ̃́ / ànɛ́ŋ ?  ànɔ̃́ / ànɔ́ŋ ?  ànṍ déò (5 + 1)  ànṍ ʔɛ̃́ɛ̃́ (5 + 2)  ànɔ̃́ ʔárʊ̀ (5 + 3)  ànóŋ ànɛ̃́ / fí dùdúmí tʰõ̀  fí Central Gur, Southern, Grusi, Western  Western Sisaala  bàlá / dɪ̀ɛ́n  bɛ́llɛ́ / lɛ́  bàtòró / tòró  bànáá / náá  bɔ̀mmʊ̀ɔ́ / mʊ̀ɔ́  bóldó / dó  bálpɛ́ / pɛ́  tʃòrí  nɛ̀mɛ́  fíí Central Gur, Southern, Grusi, Western  Sisaala Tumulung  kʊ̀bàlá / dɪ̀áŋ  bàlɪ̀á / lɪ̀a  bàtórí / tórí  bànɛ́sɛ́ / nɛ̀sɛ́  bànɔ́ŋ / nɔ́ŋ  bàlídú / dú  bàlɪ̀pɛ́ / pɛ́  tʃòrí  nìbí  fíí Central Gur, Southern, Grusi, Western  Sissala  balá  bɛllɛ  botoro  baná  bɔmmʊ́ɔ́  balɡo  balpɛ  córí  nɛ́mɛ́  fí Central Gur, Southern, Grusi, Western  Tampulma  diiɡɛ  alɛɛwa  atoora  anaasi  anyuún  anɔɔrà  anɔpɛ  ŋmɛnaasa  diɡtó  fí Central Gur, Southern, Grusi, Western  Vagla  k͡páŋ / k͡péé (when counting)  ànɛ̀ɛ̀  àhòrò  ànáázʊ̀  ànúè  ànʊ́mbɛl (bɛl  a certain one )  àníídàànɛ̀ɛ̀  ámàntánnààzí / ŋmàntánnààzí  kábɛl (ka  to remain )  fí Central Gur, Southern, Grusi, Western  Winyé (Kõ)  ndo  nyɪ̃ɛ  ntɔɔ  nná  nwɔ̃́  nɡo  npiɛ  npɔɔ  nlɛbɪ  fʊ̃́ Central Gur, Southern, Kirma-Tyurama  Cerma (Kirma)  ǹdéiŋ  ǹhã́ĩ  ǹsíɛi  ǹnáà  ǹdîì  níedìeí (5 + 1)  níehã́ĩ (5 + 2)  níisìɛí (5 + 3)  nénnáà (5 + 4)  cĩ́ŋcíelùó Central Gur, Southern, Kirma-Tyurama  Turka  dẽẽná  hãl  siɛl  n̩nə̃̀  n̩di  nã́ndèin (5 + 1)  nə̃́rə̃́hã̀l (5 + 2)  nə̃́rə̃́siɛ̀l (5 + 3)  dɛ̃̀ɛ̃̀sə́ (10 -1) ?  nṹɔ̃́sɔ̃̀ Kulango  Kulango (1)  ta  bíla  sããbe  na  tɔ  tʊrɔtãtã (5 + 1)  tʊrɔfriɲuu (5 + 2)  tʊrɔfrisãã (5 + 3)  tʊrɔfrina (5 + 4)  nuun Kulango  Kulango (2)  táà  bílà  sã̀ã̀bí  nã́  tɔ́  tɔ́rɔ́tàà (5 + 1)  tɔ́rɔ́fíríɲũ̀ (5 + 2)  tɔ́rɔ́fírísã̀ã̀ (5 + 3)  tɔ́rɔ́fírínã́ (5 + 4)  nṹnũ̀ Kulango  Bouna Kulango  taà, tãã̀  bɪlà, nyʊʊ̀  sãã̀  naʔ  tɔ  tɔ̀rɔ̀ fɪn taà, tɔrɔ fɪ(rɪ) nyʊʊ̀ (5 + 1)  tɔ̀rɔ̀ fɪn bɪla (5 + 2)  tɔ̀rɔ̀ fɪn sãã̀ (5 + 3)  tɔ̀rɔ̀ fɪn na (5 + 4)  nuùnu, nûnu, tɔtɔ bɪla, tɔtɔ nyʊʊ̀ Lobi  Lobi  bìɛ̀l  yɛnyɔ  yentʰer  yɛnã́  yɛmɔɪ  màadõ  makonyɔ (5 + 2)  makõtʰer (5 + 3)  nyʊ̌ɔr bìr pʰéro (10 - 1)  nyʊ̌ɔr Senufo, Karaboro  Eastern Karaboro (1)  nɔ̀ni  ʃyɔ̃̀ / ʃiɲ̀  tã̀ã̀  tíʃyàr /díʃyàr /ríʃyàr  bwà / bwɔ̀  kwaɲ̀  kwa-sĩ̀ĩ̀ (lit: "a second six")  kwa-tã̀ã̀ (lit: " a third six")  kwa-ríʃyàr (lit: "fourth six")  sĩʃye Senufo, Karaboro  Eastern Karaboro (2)  nɔ̀nī  syã̀ŋ  tã̀ã  tésyàr / résyàr  bwà  kwāy  kwásĩ̀ĩ  kwátã̀à  kwàrésyàr  sẽ̄nsyē Senufo, Karaboro  Western Karaboro  nɔ̀ni  ʃin  taàr  tɪhyɛɛ̀r  bwɔ̀  k(ʋ)lɔ̀n  klɔʃìn  kwɔtàar̀  wɔ̀dèfèr / wɔ̀def(ə)r ?  síncíl Senufo, Kpalaga  Palaka Senoufo  niŋɡ͡be  sɔinŋ  taanri = tããri ?  jijilɛi = d͡ʒid͡ʒilɛi ?  kanɡuruɡo  kuɡɔlɔŋ  kuɡɔlɔŋ sɔinŋ (5 + 2)  kuɡɔlɔŋ taanri (5 + 3)  kuɡɔlɔŋ d͡ʒid͡ʒilɛi (5 + 4)  kɔ́jɛ Senufo, Nafaanra  Nafaanra Senoufo  núnu  çíín  táárɛ̀  ɟíɟírɛ̀  kúnɔ  kɔ́ɔ̀nánù (5 + 1)  kɔ́ɔ̀náçíín (5 + 2)  kɔ́ɔ̀nátárè (5 + 3)  kɔ́ɔ̀náɟirɛ (5 + 4)  kɛ́ Senufo, Senari  Cebaara Senoufo  nìbín  sīin  tāanri  sīcɛ̄rɛ̄  kāɡūnɔ̀  kɔ̀rɔ́nī (5 + 1)  kɔ̀rɔ́sīin (5 + 2)  kɔ̀rɔ́tāanrì (5 + 3)  k͡pǎjɛ̄rɛ̄ (5 + 4)  kɛ́ɛ Senufo, Suppire-Mamara  Mamara Senoufo (Minyanka)  niɡĩ̀ / niɡĩ (second set from SIL)  ʃɔ̃̀ɔ̃̀ / ʃũ̀ũ̀  tããrè / tããri  ʃiʃyɛ̀ɛrɛ̀ / ʃiʃɛɛrɛ  kaɡuru / kaɡuro  ɡ͡baara / ɡ͡baara  ɡ͡baa-ʃɔ̃̀ɔ̃̀ / ɡ͡baaraʃũũ (5 + 2)  ʃɔ̃̀ɔ̃̀lake / ʃũ̀ũ̀lakɛ (2 to 10)  niɡĩ̀fɔ̀kɛ / niɡĩlakɛ (1 to 10)  kɛ / kɛ Senufo, Suppire-Mamara  Shempire Senoufo (1)  ninɡin  ʃuunni  taanri  sicɛɛrɛ  kaɡuru  ɡ͡baani  ɡ͡baʃuuni (5 + 2)  ɡ͡bataanri (5 + 3)  ɡ͡baɛɛrɛ (5 + 4)  kɛ Senufo, Suppire-Mamara  Shempire Senoufo (2)  nanbin  ʃuunni  taanri  sicɛɛrɛ  kaɡro  ɡ͡baani  ɡ͡baʃuuni (5 + 2)  ɡ͡bataanri (5 + 3)  ɡ͡baɛɛrɛ (5 + 4)  kɛ Senufo, Suppire-Mamara  Sìcìté Senoufo  nìkĩ̀  sɔ̃̀ɔ̃̀nì / sũ̀ũ̀nì  tã̀ã̀rì  sìcɛ̀ɛ̀rì  kānkūrò  ɡ͡bāārù  ɡ͡bārsɔ̃̀ɔ̃̀nì  ɡ͡bārtã̀ã̀rì / kāzɛ̄ɛm̀bē  ɡ͡bārsìcɛ̀ɛ̀rì / nìkĩ̀ndáʔá (10 - 1)  kɛ̄ Senufo, Suppire-Mamara  Supyire Senoufo  nìŋkìn  ʃùùnnì  tàànrè  sìcyɛ̀ɛ̀rè  kaŋkuro (< 'fist ')  baa-nì (5 + 1)  baa-ʃùùnnì (5 + 2)  baa-tàànrè (5 + 3)  baa-sìcyɛ̀ɛ̀rè (5 + 4)  kɛ̄ Senufo, Tagwana-Djimini  Djimini Senoufo  nuŋɡ͡ba  ʃyɛn  tããri  tid͡ʒɛrɛ  kaŋɡuruɡo  kɔɡɔlɔni  kɔlɔʃyɛn (5 + 2)  kɔlɔtããri (5 + 3)  kɔlɔd͡ʒɛrɛ (5 + 4)  kɛ Senufo, Tagwana-Djimini  Nyarafolo Senoufo  nīɡbe  sīin  tāanri  sīcɛri  kōɡunɔ̀  kɔ̀línī (5 + 1)  kɔ̀lisīin (5 + 2)  kàtāanrì (5 + 3)  kàcɛ̄rì (5 + 4)  kíɛ̀ Senufo, Tagwana-Djimini  Tagwana Senoufo  nuɡ͡be  syẽ  tãri  tityere  koɡunu  nõli  nasyẽ (5 + 2)  natãri (5 + 3)  natyere (5 + 4)  kẽ / k͡prò Teen  Téén (Lorhon)  tanɪ  nyoor  saanr  na  tɔ  tɔtanɪ (lit: five one)  tɔnyoor (lit: five two)  tɔsaanr (lit: five three)  tanbalˈpɔrwɔ (lit: one less than ten)  ˈpɔrwɔ Tiefo  Tiéfo (1)  ʔe diɛ̃ni (attributive use: dɛ̃̀)  ɟɔ̃  sã́  ʔuʔɔ̃́ / ŋɔɔ (variant of Noumoudara)  kã̀  kã̀-dĩ (5 + 1)  kã-ɟɔ̃ (5 + 2)  kã-sá (5 + 3)  kã-ʔuɔ̃́ (5 + 4)  támúwá / kɛ̃  Tiefo  Tiéfo (2)  dɛ̃̀ / ʔë diɛ̃̀ni  jɔ̃  sã́  ʔuʔɔ̃́  kã̀  kã̀-dĩ (5 + 1)  kã̀-jɔ̃ (5 + 2)  kã̀-sá (5 + 3)  kã̀-ʔuɔ̃ (5 + 4)  tamʷúá / támú Tusia  Northern Toussian (1)  nāɣ, nāɣ, nāɣ  nīnì  tɔ̄nɔ̀  jã᷇  klò  kùnũ᷇  kālèj  kɔ̀tɔ̃̂  kàjã̂  bwɔ̀ Tusia  Northern Toussian (2)  nṍṍkə̀  nĩ́ŋnõ̀  tṍṍnõ̀  ĩ́jã̂  klʊ̂  kv̀v̀nə̃̀ŋ (5 + 1)  kvììnĩ̀ (5 + 2)  k͡pwɛ̀ɛ̀tṍ (5 + 3)  k͡pààrĩ̀jã́ (5 + 4)  sàbwɔ̀ Tusia  Southern Toussian  núkú  nínɔ́  tɔ̃́nɔ́  ńyã́h  kwlɔ  kénúkò (5 + 1)  kwǎrninɔ (5 + 2)  kwǎrtɔ̃́nɔ (5 + 3)  kwǎryã́h (5 + 4)  ɡbãm Viemo  Viemo (Vigye)  dũde [dʷũⁿde]  niinĩ [niːnĩ]  sãsĩ [sãsĩ]  jumĩ [d͡ʒʷumĩ]  kuɛɡe [kwɛɣe]  kõnũrã [kõnũɾã]  kõnĩse [kõnĩse]  jumĩjɔ niinĩ [d͡ʒʷumĩd͡ʒɔ niːnĩ] 4 x 2 ?  kwɔmĩdĩ fɛrɛyɔ [k͡pʷɔmĩⁿdĩ fɛɾɛjɔ] -1?  kwɔmũ [k͡pʷɔmũ] Wara-Natioro  Wara  púwò  bǒ  tĩ́  náású  sùsú  sírìpò  súrũ̌tó / sínĩ̀tó  sĩ̂tĩ́ (+ 3?)  sĩ̂náású (+ 4 ?)  kã̀ã̀sá

Kundivihira

 Manessy, Gabriel (1968/71) 'Langues voltaïques sans classes' in Actes du huitième congres international de linguistique africaine. [Congress was 1968, proceedings published 1971] Abidjan, Université d'Abidjan, 335-346.
 Naden, Anthony J. (1989) 'Gur', in Bendor-Samuel, John & Hartell, Rhonda L. (eds) The Niger–Congo languages. A classification and description of Africa's largest language family. Lanham, New York, London: University Press of America, 140-168.
 Roncador, Manfred von; Miehe, Gudrun (1998) Les langues gur (voltaïques). Bibliographie commentée et inventaire des appelations des langues. Köln: Rüdiger Köppe Verlag.
Williamson, Kay & Blench, Roger (2000) 'Niger–Congo', in Heine, Bernd & Nurse, Derek (eds.) African languages: an introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 11-42.

External links
 Journal of West African Languages: Gur languages
Proto-Gur Swadesh lists  (Gabriel Manessy 1969, 1975, 1979)

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Category:Volta–Congo languages
Category:Dagbon