List of South American animals extinct in the Holocene

Yuya zaŋ ti South America binkɔbiri ban lahi ka Holocene chanimi ni binkɔb'shɛba bɛ ni mi ka bɛ lahi ka South America tiŋgbani yaɣili yuma 12,000. Yuya maa chanimi ni binkɔbiri ban lahi ka Galápagos, Falklands, ni ko'sunsuuni tiŋgbana din baɣi lala yaɣili ŋɔ, amaa ka Easter Island ( Chile siyaasa yaɣ'shɛli) din kali m-pahi List of Oceanian animals extinct in the Holocene, bee Caribbean ko'sunsuuni tiŋgbana din be List of Antillian and Bermudan animals extinct in the Holocene.

Binnɛma ŋɔ shɛba ni ka ni saha shɛli nyɛla din bi mi.

 Binnɛma ban dɔɣira 
 Talahi 
N.B.: Bɛ daa baŋ la binkɔbiri ŋɔ yɛla "from Late Pleistocene to Early Holocene" din depoziiti Brazilda Silva, R. C., Berbert-Born, M., Bustamante, D. E. F., Santoro, T. N., Sedor, F., & dos Santos Avilla, L. (2019). "Diversity and preservation of Pleistocene tetrapods from caves of southwestern Bahia, Brazil". Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 90, 233-254.Ghilardi, A. M., Fernandes, M. A., & Bichuette, M. E. (2011). "Megafauna from the Late Pleistocene-Holocene deposits of the Upper Ribeira karst area, southeast Brazil". Quaternary International, 245 (2), 369-378. ni Argentina,Fariña, R. A., Vizcaíno, S. F., & Bargo, M. S. (1998). "Body mass estimations in Lujanian (late Pleistocene-early Holocene of South America) mammal megafauna". Mastozoología Neotropical, 5 (2), 87-108.amaa ka ni Holocene datation nini ni.

+ Ban kanibu dabisa bi mi Common namescientific name Range Image Ahytherium aureum Bahia, Brazil  Glyptotherium sp.| Florida and Texas to northeastern Brazil
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| Holmesina majus Minas Gerais and Ceará, Brazil 120px|Skeleton of close relative H. occidentalis Lestodon armatus Southern Brazil 100px Neochoerus sp.| Middle Brazil
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| Nothrotherium maquinense Eastern Brazil 120px Pachyarmatherium brasiliense Eastern Brazil 120px Pampatherium sp.| Brazil
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| Panochthus tuberculatus Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina 120px Xenorhinotherium bahiense North and east South America 

 Pɔi ni taarihi 
+ Pɔi ni kanibu taarihi ( Holocene zaŋ chaŋ 1500 CE piligu) Common namescientific name Extinction date Range Image Dire wolfAenocyon dirus  7320-6840 BCEPrevosti, F. J., Tonni, E. P., & Bidegain, J. C. (2009). "Stratigraphic range of the large canids (Carnivora, Canidae) in South America, and its relevance to quaternary biostratigraphy". Quaternary International, 210 (1-2), 76-81. North America and western South America  120x120px Antifer ultra c. 7950 BCELabarca, R., & Alcaraz, M. A. (2011). "Presencia de Antifer ultra Ameghino (= Antifer niemeyeri Casamiquela)(Artiodactyla, Cervidae) en el Pleistoceno tardío-Holoceno temprano de Chile central (30-35° S)". Andean Geology, 38 (1), 156-170. Río de la Plata Basin and central Chile  Arctotherium tarijense  8470-8320 BCE Argentina120px|Reconstruction of older relative A. bonariense Arctotherium wingei  14825-6840 BCERincón, A. D., & Soibelzon, L. H. (2007). "The fossil record of the short-faced bears (Ursidae, Tremarctinae) from Venezuela. Systematic, biogeographic, and paleoecological implications". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, 244. Northeastern South America Catonyx cuvieri 7830-7430 BCE Eastern South America 100px Cuvieronius hyodon 9790 BCECorreal Urrego, G. et al. (1990). "Evidencias culturales durante el Pleistoceno y Holoceno de Colombia". Revista de Arqueología Americana, 1, 68-69. Northern and central Andes 120px Doedicurus clavicaudatus 4765-4445 BCE South American Pampas 120px Equus neogeus 6660-4880 BCE South America 120px Eremotherium laurillardi 7800-7740 BCEDantas, M.A.T., & Cozzuol, M.A. (2016). "The Brazilian intertropical fauna from 60 to about 10 ka BP: taxonomy, dating, diet, and Paleoenvironments". In Marine Isotope Stage 3 in Southern South America, 60 KA BP-30 KA BP, pages 207-226. Southern United States to Brazil 119x119px Eutatus seguini 6389-6060 BCEStuart, A.J. (2021) Vanished Giants: The Lost World of the Ice Age. University of Chicago Press, 288 pages. Northern Argentina and Uruguay 100px Glossotherium sp.| data-sort-value="-6810" | 6810-6650 BCE
| South America
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| Glyptodon sp. 
| data-sort-value="-6660" | 6660-4880 BCE
| Eastern South America
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| Hippidion saldiasi  8059 BCEBarnosky, A. D., & Lindsey, E. L. (2010). "Timing of Quaternary megafaunal extinction in South America in relation to human arrival and climate change". Quaternary International, 217 (1-2), 10-29. Eastern South America 120px Hoplophorus euphractus 6660-4880 BCE Eastern Brazil 100px Macrauchenia patachonica  9381-9281 BCEPrado, J. L., Martinez-Maza, C., & Alberdi, M. T. (2015). "Megafauna extinction in South America: A new chronology for the Argentine Pampas". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 425, 41-49. Southwestern South America 120x120px Giant ground slothMegatherium americanum 5270-4310 BCEGutiérrez, M.A. et al. (2010). "Supervivencia diferencial de mamíferos de gran tamaño en la región pampeana en el Holoceno temprano y su relación con aspectos paleobiológicos". In Zooarqueología a principios del siglo XXI: Aportes teóricos, metodológicos y casos de estudio. Ediciones del Espinillo, Buenos Aires, 231-242. Temperate South America and the Andes 120x120px Morenelaphus brachyceros 8050-5845 BCEUbilla, M., et al. (2018). "Mammals in last 30 to 7 ka interval (Late Pleistocene-Early Holocene) in southern Uruguay (Santa Lucía River Basin): last occurrences, climate, and biogeography". Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 25(2), 291-300. Temperate South America  Darwin's ground slothMylodon darwini 6689 BCE Pampas and Patagonia 120px Neosclerocalyptus paskoensis 5120 BCEZurita, A. E. (2007). Sistemática y evolución de los Hoplophorini (Xenarthra: glyptodontidae: hoplophorinae. Mioceno tardío-Holoceno temprano). Importancia bioestratigráfica, paleobiogeográfica y paleoambiental. (Doctoral dissertation, Universidad Nacional de La Plata). Southern South America 120px|Reconstruction of close relative N. ornatus Notiomastodon platensis 4170-4050 BCERodríguez-Flórez, C. D., Rodríguez-Flórez, E. L., & Rodríguez, C. A. (2009). "Revisión de la fauna pleistocénica Gomphotheriidae en Colombia y reporte de un caso para el Valle del Cauca. Boletín Científico. Centro de Museos". Museo de Historia Natural, 13 (2), 78-85. South America 120px Palaeolama major 6660-4880 BCE North and east South America  Panthera onca mesembrina 9705-9545 BCE Patagonia 120px Propraopus sulcatus 6660-4880 BCE Eastern South America  Scelidodon chiliensis 7160-6760 BCE Western South America 120px Scelidotherium leptocephalum 5660-5540 BCECruz, L. E., Bargo, M. S., Tonni, E. P., & Figini, A. J. (2010). "Radiocarbon date on megafauna from the late Pleistocene-early Holocene of Córdoba province, Argentina: stratigraphic and paleoclimatic significance". Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas, 27 (3), 470-476. Southern South America 120px South American saber-toothed catSmilodon populator 7330-7030 BCE Eastern South America 120px Toxodon platensis 4650-1450 BCE South America 120px Valgipes bucklandi 9110-9030 BCEMiño-Boilini, Á. R., & Quiñones, S. I. (2020). "Los perezosos Scelidotheriinae (Xenarthra, Folivora): taxonomía, biocronología y biogeografía". Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales, 22 (2), 201-218. Intertropical region of Brazil 120px

 Saha ŋɔ 
+ Ban kani saha ŋɔ (1500 CE zaŋ kana zuŋɔ) Common namescientific name Extinction date Range Image Red-bellied gracile opossumCryptonanus ignitus 1962 Jujuy, Argentina   Giant vampire batDesmodus draculae 1675-1755Pardiñas, U.F.J., & Tonni, E.P. (2000). "A giant vampire (Mammalia, Chiroptera) in the Late Holocene from the Argentinean pampas: paleoenvironmental significance". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 160 (3-4), 213-221. Eastern South America  Falkland Islands wolfDusicyon australis 1876 Falkland Islands 120px Dusicyon avus 1454-1626 Argentina and Uruguay 120px Candango mouseJuscelinomys candango 1960 Brasilia, Brazil  120px ChilihuequeLama cf. guanicoe 17th centuryWestbury, M., Prost, S., Seelenfreund, A., Ramírez, J. M., Matisoo-Smith, E. A., & Knapp, M. (2016). "First complete mitochondrial genome data from ancient South American camelids-the mystery of the chilihueques from Isla Mocha (Chile)". Scientific Reports, 6 (1), 1-7. Mocha Island, Chile 120px Fuegian dogLycalopex cf. culpaeus 20th centurySilva Rochefort, B., & Root‐Bernstein, M. (2021). "History of canids in Chile and impacts on prey adaptations". Ecology and Evolution, 11 (15), 9892-9903. Tierra del Fuego 120px Galápagos giant ratMegaoryzomys curioi 1520-1950 Santa Cruz, Galápagos Islands, Ecuador 120px Caribbean monk sealNeomonachus tropicalis 17th centuryMcClenachan, L., & Cooper, A. B. (2008). "Extinction rate, historical population structure and ecological role of the Caribbean monk seal". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 275(1641), 1351-1358. Caribbean Sea, Bahamas, and Gulf of Mexico 120px Darwin's Galápagos mouseNesoryzomys darwini 1930 Santa Cruz, Galápagos Islands, Ecuador   Indefatigable Galápagos mouseNesoryzomys indefessus 1934 Santa Cruz and Baltra, Galápagos Islands, Ecuador  Vespucci's giant ratNoronhomys vespuccii 1503 Fernando de Noronha Island, Brazil 

+ Possibly extinct Common namescientific name Extinction date Range Zuniga's dark rice ratMelanomys zunigae 1949 Lomas de Atocongo, near Lima, Peru One-striped opossumMonodelphis unistriata  1899 Southeastern Brazil and northeastern Argentina Pacific deguOctodon pacificus 1994 Mocha Island, Chile

Noonsi
+ Ban kani saha ŋɔ (1500 CE zaŋ kana zuŋɔ) Common namescientific name Extinction date Range Image Niceforo's pintailAnas georgica niceforoi 1952 Central Colombia  Magdalena tinamouCrypturellus erythropus saltuarius 1990s Magdalena River Valley, Colombia  Darwin's ground finchGeospiza magnirostris magnirostris 1835Hume, J.P. (2017) Extinct Birds. Bloomsbury Publishing, 560 pages. Floreana and San Cristóbal, Galápagos Islands, Ecuador 100px Antioquia brown-banded antpittaGrallaria milleri gilesi 1878 Santa Helena, Antioquia Department, Colombia  Bogotá sunangelHeliantelus zusii 1909 Northern Andes?  Alagoas foliage-gleanerPhilydor novaesi 2011 Alagoas and Pernambuco, Brazil  Colombian grebePodiceps andinus 1977 Bogotá wetlands, Colombia   San Cristóbal flycatcherPyrocephalus dubius 1987 San Cristóbal, Galápagos Islands, Ecuador  Peruvian railRallus semiplumbeus peruvianus 1886 Peruvian highlands and possibly Ecuador Alejandro Selkirk Island firecrownSephanoides fernandensis leyboldi 1908 Alejandro Selkirk Island?, Juan Fernández Archipelago, Chile  100px

+ Possibly extinct Common namescientific name Extinction date Range Image Glaucous macawAnodorhynchus glaucus 2001 Border area of Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay  80px Letitia's thorntailDiscosura letitiae 1852 Bolivia 100px Turquoise-throated pufflegEriocnemis godini 1850 Northern Ecuador 100px Eskimo curlewNumenius borealis 1939 Northwestern Canada and Alaska, and Southern Cone 120px Sinú parakeetPyrrhura subandina 1949 Sinú Valley, Córdoba Department, Colombia 
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+ Ban lahi ka mɔɣini Common namescientific name Extinction date Range Reintroduction Image Spix's macawCyanopsitta spixii 2000 Sao Francisco River, Bahia, Brazil  120px Alagoas curassowMitu mitu 1988BirdLife International (2018). Mitu mitu. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018: e.T22678486A132315266. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22678486A132315266.en. Retrieved 4 April 2022. Alagoas and Pernambuco, Brazil 2019Francisco, M. R., Costa, M. C., Azeredo, R. M., Simpson, J. G., da Costa Dias, T., Fonseca, A., ... & Silveira, L. F. (2021). "Recovered after an extreme bottleneck and saved by ex situ management: Lessons from the Alagoas curassow (Pauxi mitu [Linnaeus, 1766]; Aves, Galliformes, Cracidae)". Zoo Biology, 40 (1), 76-78. 100px

Ban  be kom ni
+ Saha ŋɔ ban kani (1500 CE zaŋ kana zuŋɔ) Common namescientific name Extinction date Range Image Pinta Island tortoiseChelonoidis abingdonii 2012 Pinta, Galápagos Islands, Ecuador 120px Floreana giant tortoiseChelonoidis niger c. 1850 Floreana, Galápagos Islands, Ecuador 100px

Ban be kom ni mini duli
+ Saha ŋɔ ban kani (1500 CE zaŋ kana zuŋɔ) Common namescientific name Extinction date Range Maracay harlequin frogAtelopus vogli 1957 Güey River, Aragua, Venezuela  Spiny-knee leaf frogPhrynomedusa fimbriata 1898Baêta, D., Giasson, L. O. M., Pombal Jr, J. P., & Haddad, C. F. B. (2016). "Review of the rare genus Phrynomedusa Miranda-Ribeiro, 1923 (Anura: Phyllomedusidae) with description of a new species". Herpetological Monographs, 30 (1), 49-78. Paranapiacaba, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil

+ Possibly extinct Common namescientific name Extinction date Range Green and red venter harlequin toadAtelopus pinangoi 1997 Mérida state, Venezuela Aragua robber frogPristimantis anotis 1974 Henri Pittier National Park, Aragua, Venezuela Chile Darwin's frogRhinoderma rufum 1981 Valparaíso and Biobío Regions, Chile

Zahim
+ Possibly extinct Common namescientific name Extinction date Range Image Galápagos damselAzurina eupalama 1982-1983 Galápagos Islands, Ecuador 120px Titicaca orestiasOrestias cuvieri unknown Lake Titicaca 120px GreasefishRhizosomichthys totae 1958 Tota Lake, Colombia 100px

Echinoderms
+ Possibly extinct Common namescientific name Extinction date Range 24-rayed sunstarHeliaster solaris 1983Alvarado, J.J. & Solis-Marin, F.A. (2012). Echinoderm Research and Diversity in Latin America. Springer Science & Business Media. Galápagos Islands, Ecuador

Binnɛma 
+ Holocene extinctions of unknown date Common namescientific name Range Megadytes ducalis Brazil Rhantus orbignyi Argentina and Brazil 

Sambara
+ Saha ŋɔ ban kani (1500 CE zaŋ kana zuŋɔ) Common namescientific name Extinction date Range Rhinodrilus fafner 1912Moreira, F.M.S. et al. (2006). Soil Diversity in Amazonian and Other Brazilian Ecosystems. CABI, 280 pages. Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Molluscs
+ Holocene ban kani ka di dabisa bi mi Common namescientific name Range Image Littoridina gaudichaudii EcuadorIUCN 100px Megalobulimus cardosoi BrazilIUCN  Tomigerus gibberulus BrazilIUCN  Tomigerus turbinatus BrazilIUCN 100px
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+ Extinct in the wild Common namescientific name Range Aylacostoma chloroticum Paraná River

Lahi Lihimi m-pahi
 List of North American animals extinct in the Holocene
 Lists of extinct species
 List of extinct bird species since 1500
 Extinct in the wild
 Lazarus taxon

 Noosi 

References

External links
 The Extinction Website
 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species

*SA
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South America
Extinct animals
†Holocene